Stream 1

Listening Comprehension

SHORT LECTURE

Predicting L5 You are going to listen to a short lecture about Thailand and Indonesia. Answer the
Noticing following questions with a partner.
main ideas
1. What do you think the speaker will talk about?
Noticing main
ideas and details 2. What are some of the facts the speaker might mention about Thailand and Indonesia?

Noticing L6 Listen to part of the lecture and check (✓) the ideas you hear. DURING LISTENING
details
դ 1. The climate is similar in Thailand and Indonesia.
դ 2. The main industries of Thailand and Indonesia are the same.
դ 3. The Sumatran tiger is found in both Thailand and Indonesia.
դ 4. There are different animals in Thailand and Indonesia.

L7 Listen to the rest of the lecture and choose a, b, or c.

1. The Komodo dragon lives in _______.

a. Indonesia b. Thailand c. both Indonesia and Thailand

2. The population of Muslims in Indonesia is _______.

a. 95% b. 59% c. 87%

3. Spicy shrimp soup is popular in _______.

a. Indonesia b. Thailand c. both Indonesia and Thailand

4. Thailand has fewer traffic jams than Indonesia because of its ________.

a. airplanes b. infrastructure c. boats

L8 Listen to the lecture and check (✓) the features of Thailand and Indonesia.

Features Thailand only Indonesia only Both Thailand
and Indonesia

1. Relying on tourism

2. tropical climate

3. Better infrastructure

4. Animals not found anywhere else
in the world

5. Calm beaches

Unit 2: The World Around Us 38

L9 Put the information from activities L6, L7, and L8 in the Venn diagram.

Noticing Thailand Indonesia
details

L10 Discuss the following questions with a partner. POST-LISTENING

Personalizing 1. Would you spend your summer in Thailand or Indonesia? Explain.
and evaluating
2. Think of two countries that you would like to travel to in the future. List the features
of each country. Then share your ideas with your partner.

Royal Flora Ratchaphruek,
Chiang Mai, Thailand

Bali, Indonesia Unit 2: The World Around Us

39

READING 2

A Sinking Paradise

EXPLORING VOCABULARY
R1 Use the words from the box to complete the following sentences. You can use a

dictionary.

consist (v) region (n) estimate (v) establish (v) construct (v) fund (n)

Integrating 1. Funzoon _____________ (v) of multiple gaming options for children of all ages.
meaning 2. Our college _____________ (v) some new rules for cheating last year.
3. The Gonu cyclone badly affected multiple _____________ (n) of Oman.
Form-meaning 4. Civil engineers help people _____________ (v) their houses.
mapping 5. Many people are working hard to collect _____________ (n) for poor people in Africa.

Activating 6. A business person can _____________ (v) how much it will cost to start a business.
schemata
R2 Match the words from activity R1 with the correct definitions.
Reviewing
Word Definition

1. (v) to approximately guess a certain value
2. (n) cash saved for a particular purpose
3. (v) to make or build something
4. (n) parts of land that have special characteristics but no certain boundaries
5. (v) to be made of
6. (v) to set up or decide

R3 Answer the following questions with a partner. PRE-READING

1. Have you heard of the Maldives? How many islands does it consist of?
2. Can you estimate how many tourists visit the Maldives every year?

R4 Study the following reading skill.

Reading Skills: Paraphrasing

Paraphrasing is the rewording of a sentence, a text, or an article. It is used to tell whether or not the
reader understands what is read. To paraphrase, you need to use synonyms, a different sentence
structure, or changed word forms (e.g., from verb to noun or adjective to noun).

Example:
Original sentence: Oman attracts a lot of tourists every year.
Paraphrase: Every year, plenty of tourists visit Oman.

Paraphrasing R5 Choose the best paraphrase of the sentence.
Skimming
The dam is famous worldwide because it is huge.
a. Huge dams are famous.
b. Because the dam is famous, it is very big.
c. The dam is huge, so it became famous.
R6 Answer the following questions about the reading text.
1. What are the pictures about?
2. Now, read the headings, paragraphs A and G only. Guess what the reading is about.

Unit 2: The World Around Us 40

A SINKING PARADISE

A The Maldives is a place of calm beauty. However, the Maldives can also be a dangerous place

to visit. The Maldives experiences tropical storms and tsunami waves. The Maldives is also
sinking, so it will be dangerous to visit in the future.

WHAT IS THE MALDIVES?

B The Maldives is a country in the Indian Ocean that consists of around 1192 small islands.

5 The capital of the Maldives is Male. The Maldives has white beaches, azure waters, and blue
*lagoons. It is one of the most popular tourist regions in the world.

An island in the Maldives

STORMS IN THE MALDIVES

C The storm season in the Maldives is between June and August. Big storms bring big winds

and can be very strong. Winds can reach a speed of 150 kilometers per hour. This threatens
buildings, houses, and hotels.

41

Unit 2: The World Around Us

TSUNAMIS

D A tsunami is a very large wave. An underwater earthquake causes this. The Maldives
experienced a tsunami in 2004. The Sumatra earthquake caused the tsunami. Luckily, *atolls
surround the Maldives, and these atolls provide some protection from tsunamis, so this did

10 not affect the Maldives much.

THE MALDIVES IS SINKING

E Scientists say that the islands are slowly sinking into the sea, and they estimate that it is

only a matter of several years before they go fully under the water. Water is leaking onto the
shorelines. It is a real and dangerous threat.

CAN THE MALDIVES BE SAVED?

F The President of the Maldives has established protective actions to save the islands from

15 sinking. The President ordered people to construct some support walls and barriers around
the islands to stop water from coming in. He has started raising funds to move everyone on
the islands to a safe place in case the islands sink.

G In conclusion, although the Maldives is a beautiful

place to visit, it can also be dangerous. Storms and
20 tsunamis create a threat to the islands. The islands

are also slowly sinking into the sea.

* lagoon: a small sea lake
* atolls: coral reef that protects an islands

Unit 2: The World Around Us The Maldives Islands

42

Reading Comprehension

R7 Match each of the headings (1-3) to one of the paragraphs from DURING READING
the text. Write the paragraph letter, A-G, in the given space.

Matching Paragraph Heading
headings 1. Saving the Maldives Paragraph __________
2. A Natural Disaster Paragraph __________
Noticing main 3. Bad Weather Conditions Paragraph __________
ideas and details
R8 Read the text and choose the correct answer by circling a, b, or c.
Noticing
details 1. The text is mainly about why the 5. The wind speed during a storm in the
43 Maldives__________. Maldives can range up to ________.

a. has many islands and beautiful beaches a. 150 meters per hour

b. is sinking and how to protect it b. 150 kilometers per hour

c. can be a dangerous place to visit c. 115 kilometers per hour

2. The capital city of the Maldives is 6. What caused the 2004 tsunami?
__________. a. An earthquake
b. A big wave
a. Indian Ocean c. The atolls

b. Sumatra

c. Male

3. The Maldives is in the__________. 7. The President of the Maldives__________.

a. Indian Ocean a. moved everyone from the islands.

b. Pacific Ocean b. ordered people to build walls around
the islands.
c. Atlantic Ocean
c. is letting water leak through the
4. The storm season of the Maldives lies shorelines.
between __________.

a. May and June

b. June and August

c. June and July

R9 Decide if the following statements are true or false.

1. T F The Maldives is sometimes a dangerous place.
2. T F The capital of the Maldives is Male.
3. T F The Maldives has white beaches and azure waters.
4. T F The President of the Maldives is not taking any action to save the islands.

Unit 2: The World Around Us

R10 The words in the box are from the text. Read each sentence and choose the meaning
that best fits each word.

shoreline (paragraph E) threat (paragraph G)

Guessing meaning 1. Oman has a long shoreline/threat. It is about 3,165 km.
from context 2. When something is a shoreline/threat, it can cause damage or injury.

Paraphrasing R11 The underlined sentences are from the text. Choose the best paraphrase of each
sentence.
Personalizing and
evaluating 1- The capital of the Maldives is Male. 3- Water is leaking onto the shorelines.

a. The capital of the Maldives is a male a. Water is leaking through the
person. beaches.
b. The name of the capital of the Maldives
is Male. b. Water is breaking the islands.
c. The main source of income of the c. Water is breaking the beaches.

Maldives is Male.

2- Luckily, atolls surround the Maldives. 4- Storms and tsunamis create a threat to the
islands.
a. Mountains are present around the
islands of the Maldives. a. Storms and tsunamis benefit the
b. Coral reefs are present around the Maldives.
Maldives. b. Storms and tsunamis can damage the
c. The Maldives is surrounded by a Maldives.
creature named atoll. c. The islands create storms and tsunamis.

R12 Discuss the following questions with a partner. POST-READING

1. Should the Maldives be open for tourism? Why or why not?
2. Do you think the Maldives can be saved from sinking? Explain.
3. Will you visit the Maldives? Discuss.

Water sport
in the Maldives

Unit 2: The World Around Us 44

Reviewing SPEAKING

Practicing Asking Someone to Repeat,
the skill Sharing Likes and Dislikes

Activating S1 Study the following speaking skill.
the skill
Speaking Skills: Asking Someone to Repeat
45
When you speak to others, you may not understand what they say, or you may not hear them well.
You can politely ask them to repeat what they said. For example, you could use the following phrases:

Sorry? (said as a question)
Could you repeat that?
I’m sorry; I didn’t hear what you just said.
Could you say that again?

S2 Practice the following dialogue with a partner.
At a Travel Agency

A: Hello! How may I help you?
B: I would like to book a ticket to Spain.
A: Sorry? Could you say that again?
B: I am planning to travel to Spain,
so I would like to book a ticket.
A: When would you like to travel?
B: I would like to travel on February 21st.
A: When would you like to return?
B: Could you say that again?
A: When would you like to return?
B: I see. I am thinking I’ll return on March 5th.
A: Let me check the available flights.
B: Sure!
A: There is a flight on Oman Air and the Turkish Airline.
B: I would go for Oman Air. How much is the ticket?
A: It is 215 OMR for an adult.
B: Did you say 250?
A: No, it is 215.
B: That’s good for me. Please book a ticket for me.

A: Sure! Would you please give me your passport?
S3 Fill out the following dialogue with repetition phrases.

At the Airport

A: Excuse me! I would like to check in, please.
B: Would you please give me your ticket and passport?
A: ________________________________ (ask speaker B to

repeat)
B: Would you please give me your ticket and passport?
A: Sure! Here they are.
B: You booked a ticket to travel to Spain today.
A: That’s correct. Could you book a window seat, please?
B: _________________________________ (ask speaker A to

repeat)
A: I would like to get a window seat, please.
B: Sure! I can do that for you.

Unit 2: The World Around Us

S4 Study the following speaking skill.
Speaking Skills: Sharing Likes and Dislike

It is important to know how to express what you like and dislike. You can use the following phrases
for this purpose:

Likes Dislikes

I like to (verb) / I like (noun or verb+ing) I don’t like to (verb) / I don’t like (noun or
e.g., I like to play the guitar. verb+ing)
e.g., I don’t like to play the guitar.
I like the guitar.
I don’t like playing the guitar.

Reviewing I love to (verb) / I love (noun or verb+ing) I hate (noun or verb+ing)
e.g., I love to play the guitar. e.g., I hate the guitar.
Activating
the skill I love the guitar.

I enjoy (noun or verb+ing) I can’t stand (noun or verb+ing)
e.g., I enjoy playing the guitar e.g., I can’t stand the guitar.

I’m fond of (noun or verb+ing) I dislike (noun)
e.g., I’m fond of the guitar. e.g., I dislike the guitar.

S5 Read the dialogues and fill in the blanks with like or dislike phrases. Then do the
conversations with a partner. Take turns.

Sami: Hi Othman! How is it going? Alya: Hey, Marwa. I haven’t seen you for a
Othman: Good! What’s up? while.
Sami: I am planning to travel to Austria
because I 1. _______ a place called Zell am Marwa: Yeah! I have been busy with some
See. projects. I 5. ________ long projects because
Othman: Can you tell me more about that they are time-consuming.
place?
Sami: Sure! It is in the city of Salzburg and Alya: Which project are you working on?
has beautiful places.
Othman: Which is your favorite? Marwa: I’m 6. ____________ islands, so I
Sami: I’m 2. ________ a lake called Zell Lake. chose to write about the Philippines.
The weather there is refreshing.
Othman: When are you going to travel? Alya: That sounds interesting. What went
Sami: I 3. ________ to travel in February to wrong with the project?
see the snow, and I 4. ________ to play some
winter sports. Marwa: The professor gave us a short time
Othman: That sounds interesting. to work on it. I 7. __________ short deadlines.

Alya: I 8. _________ assignments that take
me a long time to complete, too. It is just a
waste of time.

S6 Ask some of your classmates about what they like and dislike. Fill out the form. Then
share in a group what you found out about your classmates.

Hi! What is your name? Question What do you dislike?
Do you like……..
Answer
swimming?
Engaging watching movies?
pets?
rain?

Unit 2: The World Around Us 46

Activating GRAMMAR & WRITING
the skill
Grammar: “be” verbs (simple present, am,
is, are, there is), prepositions of time/place
(in, at, on), demonstratives (this, that,
those, these)

G1 Read the following excerpts from the unit and answer the questions that follow.

The deal is good for Oman because Oman is trying to develop the port area. Through deals
with other countries, Oman can become an industrial center in the Middle East. This is a
good strategy for Oman.

1. Why did the author use “is” after the deal?
2. Does “in” refer to a place or time?
3. What do you think the word “this” refers to?

A tsunami is a very large wave. An underwater earthquake causes this. The Maldives
experienced a tsunami in 2004. The Sumatra earthquake caused the tsunami. Luckily,
atolls surround the Maldives, and these atolls provide some protection from tsunamis, so
this did not affect the Maldives much.

4. Is “tsunami” a singular or plural noun?
5. Does “in” refer to a place or time?
6. What do you think the word “these” refers to?

They provide water for agriculture and for drinking to millions of people worldwide. In fact,
there are more than 57,000 dams in the world, and 300 of these are major dams.

7. What does “there” refer to?
8. Does “in” refer to a place or time?

Kurobe Dam in Toyama,
Japan

47

Unit 2: The World Around Us

G2 Study the following grammar point. Then do the exercises that follow.

Grammar Point What is the focus?
Be verbs [is, are, am]
The verb “be” can be an auxiliary or a main verb in English. “Be” verbs
can be used as a main verb in the simple present.

Statements

Pronouns “Be” verb - “Be” verb - Contraction Complement Examples
affirmative negative
• He is funny.
He is not isn’t funny • He isn’t funny.
She is
It • You are outgoing.
• You aren’t outgoing.
They are are not aren’t outgoing • I am active.
We am not - active • I am not active.
You

I am

Reviewing Questions: Yes / No

"Be" verb Pronoun Complement Examples
funny
he Is he funny?
Is she outgoing Yes, he is – No, he isn’t
active
it Are they outgoing?
Yes, they are – No, they aren’t
they
Are we Am I active?
Yes, I am – No, I am not.
you

Am I

Questions: “Wh”

“Wh” word “Be” verb Pronoun Complement Examples

Why are you sad Why are you sad?

Where is he from Where is he from?

“Wh” words are “why,” “where,” “when,” “who,” and “how.”

Unit 2: The World Around Us 48

G3 Choose the correct answer in the following sentences.

1. I ___________ a strong man.

a. am b. is c. are

2. Her brothers ___________ at home. They have an exam at school.

a. am not b. is not c. are not

3. My mother ___________ in the kitchen.

a. am b. is c. are

Practicing the 4. Where ___________ Zahra?
grammar point
a. am b. is c. are
Practicing the
grammar point 5. Sami and Faisal ___________ my friends.

a. am b. is c. are

6. The school ___________ open today. We have a holiday.

a. am not b. is not c. are not

7. ___________ you from England?

a. Am b. Is c. Are

G4 Write the correct verb "to be" (is/isn’t, are/aren’t, am/am not) in the spaces below.

I 1. _________ Omar, and Zack 2. _________ my friend. We 3. _________ from the same country.
I come from Egypt, but Zack 4. _________ from England. Zack and I go to the same college, but
he  5. _________ in my class. The students 6. _________on a trip to the National Museum, but I
7. _________ with them because I have a fever today.

49

Unit 2: The World Around Us

G5 Study the following grammar point. Then do the exercises that follow.

Grammar Point What is the focus?
"There is"/"are" We use “there is” and “there are” to say that something exists or
doesn’t exist.

Factual information

1. We use “there is” for singular and “there are” for plural.

There “Be” verb - affirmative Complement Examples
There is a teacher There is a teacher.
are students There are students.

2. We also use “there is” with uncountable nouns.

There “Be” verb - affirmative Complement Examples
is water There is water.
rice There is rice.

3. The negative is formed by putting not after is or are.

“Be” verb - affirmative Contraction Complement Examples

Reviewing There is not isn’t a teacher There isn’t a teacher.

are not aren’t many students There aren’t many students.

4. When we want to indicate a zero quantity of something, we use “there aren’t any.”

There “Be” verb - negative Complement Examples
aren’t any books There aren’t any books.

5. We also use this structure with uncountable nouns.

“Be” verb – negative Complement Examples
isn’t any
There milk in the fridge There isn’t any milk in the fridge.

6. To form a question we place “is ” / “are” in front of “there.” Again we use “any” with plural
questions or those which use uncountable nouns.

“Be” verb there Complement Examples Answer

Is there a chair Is there a chair? Yes, there is./No, there isn't.

Is there any juice Is there any juice? Yes, there is./No, there isn't.

Are there black cars Are there black cars? Yes, there are./No, there aren't.

Are there any wild animals Are there any animals? Yes, there are./No, there aren't.

Unit 2: The World Around Us 50

G6 Circle the correct answer to complete the following sentences.

Practicing the 1. There is _______________________ a. a book on the table.
grammar point 2. There are ______________________ b. two books on the table.
3. There isn’t _____________________
Practicing the 4. There aren’t ____________________ a. water in the fridge.
grammar point 5. Is there ________________________ b. water bottles in the fridge.
6. Are there ______________________
7. Where is ______________________ a. men in our company.
b. a man in our company.

a. many people in the shop.
b. a person in the shop.

a. a computer in the room?
b. computers in the room?

a. ice?
b. ice cubes?

a. the bookshop?
b. the bookshops?

G7 Complete the sentences below with "There is," "There are," "There isn’t," or "There
aren’t."
1. I have to go to the shop. ______________ any bread for breakfast.
2. ______________ three big sofas in our living room.
3. ______________ an apple in the basket.
4. ______________ many students in the class. Only a few students are here.
5. I have to hurry! ________________ a meeting now.
6. ______________ children in the yard.
7. The mechanic is alone. ________________ another mechanic to help him.

51

Unit 2: The World Around Us

G8 Study the following grammar point. Then do the exercises that follow.

Grammar Point What is the focus?

Prepositions “in”, The prepositions “at”, “in”, and “on” are often used in English to talk
“at”, “on” about places (positions/locations) and times.

Prepositions of time Factual information
At
In The preposition “at” is used in the following descriptions of time:
On With clock times

Reviewing • I have a meeting at 3 o’clock.
With specific times of day like mealtimes

• Qusai likes to walk at night. / The family discusses things at dinner.
In certain fixed expressions that refer to specific points in time

• We have a birthday party at the end of May.

The preposition “in” is used in the following descriptions of time:
With months, years, and seasons

• My birthday is in February. / We go to Europe in the winter.
With periods of time during the day

• Amal likes to walk in the morning.

The preposition “on” is used in the following descriptions of time:
With days of the week and parts of days of the week

• We have a history class on Mondays.
With dates

• The interview is on the 11th of June.
With special days

• I have a test on my birthday.

Prepositions of place Factual information
At
The preposition “at” is used in the following descriptions of place:
In With specific places
On
• I left my umbrella at home.
With public places and shops

• We have to be at school before 8 o’clock.
With addresses

• Salman lives at 103 As’Salam Street.
With events

• He is not at the party. He is outside talking to someone.

The preposition “in” is used in the following descriptions of place:
With geographical regions

• The family lives in the forest.
With cities, towns, and larger areas

• There are traditional markets in Nizwa.
With places that surround a person or object on all sides

• I have to be in the office now.
With containers

• We have some cheese in the fridge.

The preposition “on” is used in the following descriptions of place:
With surfaces

• The pens are on the table.
With streets or other things that can be thought of as a line, like rivers

• You can see the shops on the left side of the river.

Unit 2: The World Around Us 52

G9 Read each phrase below and circle the correct preposition.

Practicing the Time Place
grammar point
1. in – on September 1. at – on his horse
Practicing the 2. in – at 12 o’clock 2. at – on the water
grammar point 3. in – at  winter 3. in – on the restaurant
4. at – on my birthday 4. in – on the wall
5. in – on the 4th of July, 1776 5. at – on home
6. in – on the weekend 6. in – on the kitchen
7. in – on Tuesday 7. in – on the table

G10 Complete the following text with the correct preposition of time or place (in, on, at).

My name is Sakura, and I am Japanese. I study English 1. _________ an international
school. Every day, we have classes 2. ________ the morning 3. _________ 8 o’clock. Students have
to keep their bags 4. ________ baskets inside the class. We have to keep our books and notebooks
5. ________ the tables. Classrooms are very clean, and there are educational posters 6. _________
the walls. We don’t have daily homework, but we have to do assignments during the weekend.

53

Unit 2: The World Around Us

G11 Study the following grammar point.

Grammar Point What is the focus?
Demonstratives
Demonstratives are words that show which person or thing is being referred
to. In the sentence, “This  is my brother,” “this”  is a demonstrative. The
demonstratives in English are “this,” “that,” “these,” and “those.”

Factual information
A distinction must be made between demonstrative adjectives and
demonstrative pronouns.

A demonstrative adjective modifies a noun:

Demonstrative This apple is good. I like those houses. (“This” modifies “apple,” and “those”
pronouns vs. modifies “houses.”)
demonstrative
adjectives A demonstrative pronoun stands on its own, replacing rather than modifying
a noun:

This is good. I like those. (“This” and “those” don’t modify any nouns. They
stand alone and replace nouns.)

Demonstratives differ according to:

Reviewing • Distance: near or far.

• Number: singular or plural.

Here are the main distinctions:
• “This” modifies or refers to singular nouns that are near the speaker.

Use of - This man is from Bahla.
demonstratives • “That” modifies or refers to singular nouns that are far from the speaker.

- That man is from Muscat.
• “These” modifies or refers to plural nouns that are near the speaker.

- These girls are from Sohar.
• “Those” modifies or refers to plural nouns that are far from the speaker.

- Those girls are from Salalah.

Unit 2: The World Around Us 54

Activating G12 Fill in with “this,” “these,” “that,” or “those,” as in the example.
the skill
Example: - This is a postman. (near)
Editing
1. _______ is a mouse. (far)

2. _______ are hands. (near)

3. _______ are masks. (far)

4. _______ is a pen. (near)

G13 Correct the mistakes in the following sentences, as in the example.
Example: Those car is beautiful. (far) That car is beautiful.
1. That mobile phones are cheap. (near)
2. Take those book. (near)
3. Go to that shelf and bring these books. (far)
4. Put those notebook here. (near)
5. Drive me to this bus stop there. (far)

55

Unit 2: The World Around Us

GRAMMAR & WRITING

Writing: Describing a picture with
sentences, Writing basic paragraphs

W1 Study the following writing skill. Then do the exercises that follow.

Writing Skills: Describing a Picture

To describe a picture, you can use basic sentence structure (SVC), including adjectives.
Read the examples below:

Reviewing S V C
The mall is
Noticing The mall is busy. People are shopping busy
the skill People are shopping. The place is
The place is nice. nice

W2 Read the following sentences. Then answer the questions.
The Maldives is a country in the Indian Ocean that consists of around 1192 small islands.
The capital of the Maldives is Male. The Maldives has white beaches, azure waters, and blue
lagoons. It is one of the most popular tourist regions in the world.

1. What is the Maldives?
2. Which adjective was used to describe the islands?
3. Which adjective was used to describe the beaches?
4. What did you learn about the Maldives?

Unit 2: The World Around Us 56

Activating W3 Look at the following picture and write some sentences using SVC, including
the skill adjectives. You can use the adjectives in the box.
attractive kind wonderful relaxing crowded colorful

1. _______________________________________________________________________________________
2. _______________________________________________________________________________________
3. _______________________________________________________________________________________
4. _______________________________________________________________________________________

Oman National Museum

Noticing W4 Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow.
the skill The Khuriya Muriya Islands

The Khuriya Muriya Islands are one group of islands in Oman. They consist of five islands.
The islands are Al-Hasikiyah, Al-Sawda, Al-Hallaniyah, Qarzawit, and Al-Qaibliyah. The Khuriya
Muriya Islands are in Dhofar Governorate. They are about 40 km from the beach of Dhofar, and
tourists can take a boat to reach the islands. The islands are quiet and have white beaches. The
Khuriya Muria Islands are located in the southern part of Oman.

1. What is the title of the paragraph?

2. How many sentences are in the paragraph?
3. What is the main idea of the paragraph?
a. Oman has many islands.
b. The Khuriya Muriya Islands are in Oman.
c. The Khuriya Muriya Islands are beautiful.

4. What are the supporting details? (The sentences that are giving more information about the
main ideas)

5. What is the concluding sentence? (The sentence that restates the main idea)

57

Unit 2: The World Around Us

Reviewing W5 Study the following writing skill.

Identifying Writing Skills: Writing a Basic Paragraph
topic sentence
A paragraph is a group of sentences that express one topic.
A paragraph has three main elements: a topic sentence, supporting ideas, and a concluding sentence.

• The topic sentence expresses the main idea of the paragraph.
• The supporting ideas are pieces of information to support the topic sentence.
• The concluding sentence ends the paragraph.
A paragraph should also have a title.

Writing a Basic Paragraph: Writing Topic Sentences

The topic sentence expresses the main idea of the paragraph.
Below are some characteristics of the topic sentence:

1. It usually comes at the beginning of a paragraph.
2. It expresses one specific topic.

W6 Read the following paragraphs and choose the best topic sentence for each one.

My Favorite Fort
__________________________________________________. I like to see the antiques in the fort. The
fort is big and busy. People from around the world come to see this fort. My friends and I usually
visit Nizwa Fort during Eid. Nizwa Fort has a big, round tower. This tower overlooks the old
market, and you can see the palm trees from it. I truly love Nizwa Fort.
a. Nizwa Fort is big.
b. I like to see Nizwa Fort from the old market.
c. Nizwa Fort is my favorite fort in Oman.

Nizwa Fort

Unit 2: The World Around Us 58

Identifying Dubai
topic sentence
________________________________________ . First, it has Burj Khalifa. It is a very tall skyscraper.
The height of Burj Khalifa is 828 m, and it amazingly has 162 floors. Another landmark in Dubai is
Burj Al-Arab, which is a seven-star hotel. The hotel is very expensive, and some of the rooms have
gold decorations. Palm Jumeirah is an artificial island. It has an area of 5.72 km2 and luxurious
hotels. Dubai is an amazing place for tourists.

a. Dubai has many interesting destinations.
b. Burj Dubai is very tall.
c. Dubai has hot weather.

Dubai Frame

Reviewing W7 Study the following writing skill.

Identifying Writing a Basic Paragraph: Supporting Ideas
supporting details
Supporting ideas are pieces of information that support the topic sentence.
Below are some characteristics of supporting ideas:
1. They support the main topic with examples and details.
2. They have to be related to the topic sentence.
3. They must not be off-topic.

W8 Read paragraphs A and B. Circle the topic sentence and underline the supporting
ideas for paragraph A. Choose the best-supporting ideas for paragraph B.
A) My Best Friend

My best friend is Aziza. I met her in Ibri in 2010. Aziza is from Shinas, but she lives in
Muscat. She has many hobbies, such as reading, singing, and cooking. Aziza is studying at Muscat
University, and she studies business administration. She is very kind and friendly. Aziza is my
favorite friend.

59

Unit 2: The World Around Us

Identifying B) The Best Spot at Home
supporting details The living room is the best spot at home. First, it has very comfortable
furniture. 1. _________________________. I feel very relaxed when I sit on them.
2. _________________________. I watch TV series and news on it when I am free. Finally, the living
room is very quiet. I rarely hear annoying noise around it. My house is very nice, but the living
room is special to me.

1. a. For example, the sofa and the chairs are very soft.

b. I don’t like the bathroom.

c. I have a bird cage there.

2. a. My living room also has windows.

b. There is also a big TV screen in the living room.

c. You can also see the kitchen from the living room.

Reviewing W9 Study the following writing skill.

Identifying Writing a Basic Paragraph: Concluding Sentences
concluding
sentence A concluding sentence ends the paragraph.
Below are some characteristics of the concluding sentence:
1. It restates the topic sentence.
2. It summarizes the information in the paragraph.
3. It must not give new ideas.
4. It can give a piece of advice, a recommendation, a suggestion, a prediction, or an opinion.

W10 Choose the best concluding sentence for the following paragraph.

Good Rain

People in the Middle East love rain. Rain is nice
when it falls. It cleans away the dust that is on the
streets, buildings, and cars. After the rain, people
usually go out of their houses to see the wadis.
Some people go for picnics because of the nice
weather. Farmers feel blessed because they can
water their crops. 1)___________________________.

a. In the Middle East, people enjoy rain.
b. Rain causes traffic jams.
c. My friends do not like rain.

Unit 2: The World Around Us 60

Activating W11 Read the following paragraphs (A & B) and copy the topic sentences and the
the skill concluding sentences in the given spaces. Then answer the questions about
the concluding sentences.
Reordering A) The Khuriya Muriya Islands
61
The Khuriya Muriya Islands are one group islands in Oman. They consist of five islands. The
islands are Al-Hasikiyah, Al-Sawda, Al-Hallaniyah, Qarzawit, and Al-Qaibliyah. The Khuriya Muriya
Islands are in Dhofar Governorate. They are about 40 km from the beach of Dhofar, and tourists
can take a boat to reach the islands. The islands are quiet and have white beaches. The Khuriya
Muriya Islands are perfect for summer camping.

Topic sentence: _______________________________________________________
Concluding sentence: __________________________________________________

What is the role of the concluding sentence? Choose one.

a. Gives more information about the topic
b. Summarizes the paragraph
c. Gives a suggestion

B) My Best Friend

My best friend is Aziza. I met her in Ibri in 2010. Aziza is from Shinas, but she lives in Muscat.
She has many hobbies, such as reading, singing, and cooking. Aziza is studying at A'Sharqiyah
University (ASU), and she studies business administration. She is very kind and friendly. Aziza is
my favorite friend.

Topic sentence: _______________________________________________________
Concluding sentence: __________________________________________________

What is the role of the concluding sentence? Choose one.

a. Gives more information about the topic
b. Restates the topic sentence
c. Gives a suggestion.
W12 Order the sentences from 1 to 6 to make a meaningful paragraph.

Beautiful Salalah Ayn Khor Water Falls
in Salalah
_______ a. People call this the Khareef.
_______ b. Moreover, Salalah has many nice places. Unit 2: The World Around Us
_______ c. For example, it has Jabal Ateen, Jabal Samhan,

and Darbat.
_______ d. People prefer to go to Salalah in the summer.
___2___ e. The weather is very nice in the summer

because of the monsoon.
_______ f. It is nice to spend your summer holiday in
Salalah.

Activating W13 Rewrite the sentences from W12 as a paragraph in the correct order in the
the skill space below.

Editing Beautiful Salalah
__________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

✓ WRITING CHECKLIST

I have S, V, and C in my sentences.
I used the necessary capitalization.
I used the necessary punctuation.

MORE WRITING TOPICS:
1. Write about a place in your hometown.
2. Write about your best shopping mall.

Unit 2: The World Around Us 62

Reviewing STUDYING

Modeling Giving a Presentation: Choosing a
the skill Topic and Finding Resources, Logging
Vocabulary

SK1 Study the following studying skill.

Studying Skills: Choosing Presentation Topics and Finding Resources

When you are assigned to give a presentation, it is important to remember to:
1. Choose a topic from a list that your teacher provides.
2. Choose an interesting topic if your teacher allows you to choose your own topic.
3. Ask your teacher about your topic.
4. Choose a topic that your classmates would learn from.

When you choose your topic and your teacher approves it, then you need to look for resources
(books, articles, videos, and websites) for your topic. You can find resources by:

1. Going to your college or university library and asking the librarians to assist you in finding
some books about your topic

2. Using Google Scholar or Microsoft Academic
3. Using official websites that end with .gov or .org
4. Surfing the internet, especially YouTube.

SK2 The following is a list of topics for a presentation. Which topic would you choose
and why?

1. Festivals from Around the World

2. The Causes of Asthma

3. Wonders of the World

4. The Benefits of Green Tea

5. Bullfighting in Oman and Spain

63

Unit 2: The World Around Us

SK3 The following is a presentation form. Fill out the form to prepare for your
presentation.

PRESENTATION FORM OPTION #1

Student Name: __________________________

Presentation Topic: __________________________

Resources:

Library Microsoft Academic Google Scholar Magazine Newspaper
Instructor’s Approval
Activating Other websites: …………………………………………………………….
the skill

PRESENTATION FORM OPTION #2

Student Name: __________________________

Presentation Topic: __________________________

Resources:

Library Microsoft Academic Google Scholar Magazine Newspaper
Instructor’s Approval
Other websites: …………………………………………………………….

Unit 2: The World Around Us 64

SK4 Look and the pictures below. Then, answer the questions that follow.

Modeling
the skill

1. Which of the presentations is more attractive to you? Explain.
2. How do you think the presenters feel?
3. How do you imagine yourself when you are going to give your presentation?
65

Unit 2: The World Around Us

SK5 Write the vocabulary items you learned from this unit.

Word Category (v, n, adj, Dictionary meaning Dictionary example
adv, phrase)

Logging
vocabulary

Tip: Read as much as you can to improve your vocabulary. You can start with reading graded
readers.

UNIT REVIEW

Check ( ✓ ) to answer. Answer the following questions:

A. I have learned . B. What are the words you are confident using?
___________________________________________________________
| new listening skills ___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
| new reading skills ___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
| how to talk about likes and dislikes
C. What is one piece of information you learned from
| how to ask someone to repeat what they said this unit?

| how to describe a picture with simple sentences ___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
| new ways to choose a topic and find resources ___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
for my presentation ___________________________________________________________

o some new vocabulary items 66

Unit 2: The World Around Us

Unit 3 HEALTH
AND LIFE

A man selling local honey
and garlic in Nizwa

What is the man selling?

Why do people buy local products?

Are local products expensive?
Explain.

Listen ing : noticing main ideas and details, note-taking, following a

speaker’s ideas, listening for similarities and differences,

noticing facts vs. opinions

Skills Reading : noticing main ideas and details, guessing meaning from

context, pronoun referencing, paraphrasing, sequencing information

Speaking : talking about daily routine, talking about dates

Writing : using basic sentence structure, compound sentences, interviewing

Studying : giving a presentation: writing an outline

Grammar : action verbs “s”-“es”, “be” verbs (present + negative), “are”

+ “yes”/”no” questions (am, is, are), object pronouns,

possessives (“s” + adjectives )

LISTENING 1

Going to the Gym

EXPLORING VOCABULARY

L1 Match the words in the box with the correct definition. You can use a dictionary.
equipment (n) select (v) treadmill (n) tiny (adj) participate (v) ensure (v) significant (adj)

Form-meaning 1. ____________ (v) to play a part in something.
mapping 2. ____________ (adj) being important
3. ____________ (n) a tool or a machine used for a purpose
Integrating 4. ____________ (n) a device with a belt that moves so people
meaning
run or walk on
Activating 5. ____________ (v) to guarantee and make sure of something
schemata 6. ____________ (adj) being very small
7. ____________ (v) to choose carefully from multiple options

L2 Use the words from activity L1 to complete the following
paragraph.

Every year, Sami 1. ____________ (v) in a marathon. He always wins
races for two 2. ____________ (adj) reasons. First, he eats a healthy diet that includes vegetables,
fruits, dairy, fish, beans, and whole grains. The second reason why Sami wins in marathons
is that he exercises every day. He goes to the gym in the morning and exercises on different
3. _____________ (n). For example, he runs on the 4. _____________ (n). He runs on it for
one-and-a-half hours. Sami is a healthy person, and he likes marathon competitions.

L3 Look at the infographic and answer the questions. PRE-LISTENING

1. Do you like to go to the gym?
2. Which gym equipment do you use the most?
3. Do you participate in gym exercise classes?
4. Does exercising have a significant effect on our bodies?

68

Unit 3: Health and Life

Listening Comprehension

CONVERSATION DURING LISTENING

L4 You are going to listen to a conversation between two students.
Listen to the conversation and choose a, b, or c.

Noticing main 1. The speakers are talking 3. If you are new to the gym, you can sign
ideas and details about___________. up for free______.
a. why people shouldn’t go to the gym. a. trainers
Note-taking b. the benefits of going to the gym. b. food
c. classes
Noticing c. gym equipment.
details
2. Which equipment is used in spin classes 4. What will the speakers probably do
for exercising? when they next meet?
a. Hand equipment
b. Weights a. Hire a trainer
c. Cycling equipment b. Have dinner
c. Go to the gym together

L5 Listen to the conversation again and fill in the gaps.

1. According to the conversation, you won’t get ______________ when you exercise in the gym.

2. You can use different weight machines to target different parts of your ______________.

3. In spin classes, people exercise _______________.

4. At the gym, you can hire a(n) ______________ trainer.

L6 Listen to the conversation again and check (✓) the ideas.

Features Exercising at the gym Exercising outdoors Both

1. Requires money for workouts

2. Has more benefits

3. Requires time

4. Can hire a personal trainer

5. Offers spin classes

6. Offers fresh air

7. Can walk and enjoy nature

8. Requires motivation

L7 Fill out the Venn diagram with information about exercising in a gym and outdoors.

Noticing gym outdoors
details

Personalizing L8 Discuss the following questions with a partner. POST-LISTENING
and evaluating 1. Do you prefer to excercise alone or with friends? Explain.
2. Do you prefer to exercise at the gym or the beach? Explain. Unit 3: Health and Life
69

READING 1

An Amazing Leap

EXPLORING VOCABULARY

R1 Match the words in the box with the correct definitions. You can use a dictionary.

affordable (adj) useful (adj) necessary (adj) provide (v) patient (n)

Form-meaning 1. ___________ (adj) being helpful
mapping 2. ___________ (adj) being needed
3. ___________ (v) to give or offer something
Integrating 4. ___________ (adj) being inexpensive and within range of a person’s budget
meaning 5. ___________ (n) a person who goes to the hospital to receive healthcare

Activating R2 Use the words from activity R1 to complete the following sentences.
schemata
1. The teacher _____________ (v) students with worksheets in every class.
Skimming 2. Patients get appointments at the hospital. It is _____________ (adj) because this makes people

wait for less time.
3. Oranges are _____________ (adj) for our bodies. They give the body vitamin C.
4. Pharmacies usually sell _____________ (adj) medicine to the community. Prices are set within

the budget of most people.

R3 Answer the following questions. PRE-READING

1. What kinds of services does the Ministry of Health provide?
1. What are some necessary services that the health sector is improving in Oman?

R4 Look at the title, the headings, and pictures of the reading text and
answer the following questions.

1. What are the pictures about?
2. Now, read paragraph A and the first sentences of paragraphs B, C, D, E, and F. What do you

think the text is about?

70

Unit 3: Health and Life

AN AMAZING LEAP

A Oman’s *healthcare is improving every year. It is becoming more modern and affordable.

The government of Oman is building more hospitals and bringing in good doctors. The
improvements in Oman’s healthcare are useful to all the *citizens of Oman.

WHAT TYPE OF HEALTHCARE IS OFFERED IN OMAN?

B Oman’s healthcare system is an international system. The Ministry of Health manages

the healthcare system. Through this system, everyone in Oman has access to affordable
5 healthcare. This is important because affordable healthcare increases the quality of life.

OMAN’S HEALTHCARE IS BECOMING MORE MODERN

C Oman’s healthcare is bringing in more modern technologies every year. In fact, the government

of Oman spends millions of rials every year to get modern equipment and medicines for
Oman’s healthcare system. In 2015, Oman’s healthcare system started to link to a central
database for all government hospitals and health centers. These new technologies help
10 doctors decide on the best care possible for patients.

*healthcare: health services
*citizens: people who live in a particular city or country

A patient record on tablet linked
to a central database

71

Unit 3: Health and Life

SPECIALIZED SERVICES ARE IMPROVING IN OMAN

D Some necessary services like MRI are important. Many people need such services. Oman’s

healthcare system is working hard to provide more specialized services in Oman.

MRI machine
ACCESS TO HOSPITALS HAS INCREASED

E There are 49 government hospitals in Oman today. There were only two government hospitals

in 1970. That is a huge increase! With more hospitals available, people have more access to
15 healthcare, and an increase in hospitals also means a decrease in wait times.

F Oman’s healthcare is making huge improvements. One can see that the government of Oman is

bringing more modern technology, improving necessary services, and increasing the number of
hospitals.

Ambulance cars at Bosher
Polyclinic

UUnniitt 33:: HHeeaalltthh aanndd LLiiffee 7722

Reading Comprehension

R5 Match each of the headings (1-3) to one of the paragraphs from DURING READING
the text. Write the paragraph letter, A-F, in the given space.

Matching Heading Paragraph
headings 1. More Hospitals Paragraph ___________
2. Modern Equipment Paragraph ___________
Noticing main 3. Healthcare for Everyone Paragraph ___________
ideas and details
R6 Read the text and choose the correct answer: a, b, or c.
Noticing
details 1. The text is about __________.
a. Oman building more hospitals.
Guessing meaning b. healthcare in Oman being affordable.
from context c. the improvements in Oman’s healthcare sector.

2. Affordable healthcare ______________.
a. provides good doctors.
b. improves people’s quality of life.
c. helps people get access to international systems.

3. In 2015, all government hospitals started to ___________.
a. get new equipment.
b. use radiology.
c. link to one database.

4. Because of the good number of hospitals in Oman, waiting time ________.
a. went up.
b. didn’t change.
c. is less.

R7 Decide if the following statements are true or false.

1. T F Oman is bringing better doctors to work in the hospitals.
2. T F The Ministry of Health uses an international healthcare system.
3. T F New technologies help doctors choose the best care for sick people.
4. T F MRI is not a necessary service in hospitals.

R8 The words in the box are from the text. Read each sentence and choose the meaning
that best fits each word.

access (paragraph B) quality (paragraph B)

1. When you have access/quality to a place, it means you can enter it.
2. When something is of good access/quality, it means it has good features.

73

Unit 3: Health and Life

R9 The following sentences are from the text. Choose the best paraphrases of
them by circling a, b, or c.

1. The Omani government manages the healthcare system.

a. The Omani government builds the healthcare system.
b. The Omani government controls the healthcare system.
c. The Omani government destroys the healthcare system.

Paraphrasing 2. Oman’s healthcare is bringing in more modern technologies every year.

Personalizing and a. Technologies are improving the healthcare system every year.
evaluating b. Every year, Oman introduces different healthcare technologies.
c. The Omani healthcare system is building more technology every year.

3. Many people need such services. POST-READING

a. People need different services.
b. Different services are such hard to find.
c. A lot of people need these services.

R10 Discuss the following questions with a partner.

1. In 2015, the Ministry of Health started linking all hospitals to a central database. Why do
you think this is significant?

2. What would you say about Oman’s health care system from 1970 to today?

Child Emergency at the
Royal Hospital

Unit 3: Health and Life 74

LISTENING 2

Healthy Choices

EXPLORING VOCABULARY

L1 Use the words from the box to complete the following sentences. You can use a
dictionary.

life expectancy (n) reason (n) involve (v) part (n)
minerals (n) hypertension (n) diabetes (n) avoid (v)

Integrating 1. Salim’s heart was beating fast, and his blood pressure was increasing. This shows that he
meaning has _____________ (n).

Form-meaning 2. Ali missed a major ___________ (n) in his project. That’s why he got a low score in the project.
mapping 3. People who eat less junk food have a higher _____________ (n). They live longer than those

Activating who eat unhealthy food.
schemata 4. Water provides some important _____________ (n) that our body needs. For example, it has

calcium and sodium.
5. Last year, the teacher _____________ (v) Sarah in this new project to help her become more

confident.
6. Healthy people _____________ (v) bad habits like smoking.
7. Studying hard is one _____________ (n) for success.
8. _____________ (n) is a disease that happens when blood has a lot of sugar. It is a disease that

needs serious attention.

L2 Match the words from activity L1 with the correct definitions.

Word Definition
1. (n) the amount of time a person is expected to live
2. (n) elements such as calcium, sodium , iron, and magnesium
3. (n) some of a thing
4. (v) to include something or someone in something
5. (n) a medical condition with high levels of sugar in the blood
6. (n) a medical condition with high blood pressure
7. (n) the cause of something
8. (v) to stay away from something

L3 Ask and answer the following questions with a partner. PRE-LISTENING

1. How can people avoid health problems?
2. Is life expectancy nowadays decreasing or increasing? Explain.

75

Unit 3: Health and Life

Listening Comprehension

Predicting SHORT LECTURE
Noticing
main ideas L4 You are going to listen to a short lecture about healthy lifestyles. Answer the following
questions with a partner.
Noticing main
ideas and details 1. What do you think the speaker will talk about?
2. What are some healthy lifestyles the speaker will talk about?
Note-taking
L5 Listen to part of the lecture and check (✓ ) the ideas you hear. DURING LISTENING
Reviewing
դ 1. Healthy choices do not affect our health.
դ 2. Daily exercise is good for the health.
դ 3. Healthy food is important for a healthy body.
դ 4. Travelling is good for our health.
դ 5. Bad habits affect the body.

L6 Listen to part of the lecture again and choose a, b, or c.

1. What is the lecture about? 4. It is better to eat fruits than ________.
a. Eating junk food. a. vegetables
b. Making the best choices for your b. sweets
health. c. reading
c. Exercising for the rest of your life.
2. Healthy people are ____________. 5. Healthy people control their health
a. active by__________.
b. lazy
c. busy a. doing tests at the hospital.
3. What is an example of a bad habit? b. working for fewer hours.
a. Cooking c. eating chips in the evening only.
b. Smoking
c. Reading

L7 Listen to the rest of the lecture again and fill the gaps with words from the lecture.

1. People should avoid ______________ because it can cause heart attacks.
2. A person can decrease stress by going for a ______________.
3. Visiting friends and family is an activity that makes people ______________.
4. Healthy people choose to be physically and socially ______________.
5. The main cause of type two diabetes is ______________. They can cause hypertension.
L8 Study the following listening skill.

Listening Skills: Noticing Facts vs. Opinions

When you listen to lectures or read a book, you should notice the difference between facts and
opinions. Facts are pieces of information that are proven to be correct. For example, it is a fact that
the summer is a season. An opinion, on the other hand, is a piece of information that could be correct
or incorrect. As an example, one could say that the summer season is the best time of the year, while
another would say the summer season is the worst season of the year.

76

Unit 3: Health and Life

L9 The following sentences are from the lecture. Determine if each sentence is
a fact or an opinion.

Noticing 1. Fact Opinion People spend way too much time on their phones.
facts vs. opinions 2. Fact Opinion Most healthy people choose not to have bad habits.
3. Fact Opinion People are dying younger than they should.
Personalizing and 4. Fact Opinion Stress is very damaging to your health.
evaluating 5. Fact Opinion You must have a healthy mind.
6. Fact Opinion Too much sugar can cause type two diabetes, as well as hypertension.

L10 Discuss the following questions with a partner. POST-LISTENING

1. What are some healthy and unhealthy habits that you have?
2. Would you choose to be healthy or unhealthy? Explain.
3. Would you choose to do low, average, or high level of physical activity? Explain

77

Unit 3: Health and Life

READING 2

The Burusho

EXPLORING VOCABULARY

R1 Use the words from the box to complete the following sentences. You can use a

dictionary.

physical (adj) diet (n) organic (adj) active (adj)

Integrating 1. Football is a great game, but it takes a lot of ____________ (adj) effort.
meaning 2. Walid eats a lot of vegetables and fruits for breakfast and lunch. His ___________ (n) is healthy.
3. Ali is a(n) ___________ (adj) person. He exercises every day, and he also goes to the gym.
Form-meaning 4. Sultan Center sells some ____________ (adj) fruits and vegetables. These products don’t have
mapping
any chemicals.
Activating
schemata R2 Match the words from activity R1 with the correct definitions.

Word Definition
1. (adj) being related to the body
2. (adj) relating to doing different physical activities
3. (n) the food one usually eats
4. (adj) having no chemicals

R3 Answer the following questions. PRE-READING

1. What diet is good for your body?
2. What kind of physical activities do you do every day?

R4 Look at the pictures below and answer the questions.

Activating
schemata

Skimming 1. Have you seen these people before? Do they seem to be happy?
2. Do you know where they are from? For how long do you think they live?
3. What do you think they eat every day?

R5 Look at the title, the headings, and the pictures of the reading
text and answer the following questions.

1. What are the pictures about?
2. Now, read paragraph A and paragraph F. Then guess what the reading is about.

78

Unit 3: Health and Life

THE BURUSHO

A The Burusho people of North Pakistan are some of the healthiest people on the earth.
Some people call them the people of Hunza or the Botraj. The Burusho have a high life
expectancy and are known for having a very high quality of life. In fact, Jerome Irving Rodale
wrote a book about the healthy lifestyle of the Burusho. The question is “What makes

5 these people so healthy?” Organic food, exercise, a healthy diet, and a beautiful environment are
all reasons for their good health.

THE BURUSHO EAT SUFFICIENT ORGANIC FOODS

B The Burusho grow most of their own fruits and vegetables. By growing their own fruits and
vegetables like dried tomatoes and apricots, they can ensure that their food is organic.
Food in the market often has some bad chemicals. However, the Burusho’s food is pure and

10 clean and does not have chemicals.

THE BURUSHO GET LOTS OF EXERCISE

C The Burusho people live a very active, physical lifestyle. They spend a lot of time outside
farming and gathering food. Farming is hard work, but it is great exercise. The Burusho
people are healthy because they get a lot of exercise.

A Burusho old man

Sun-dried tomatoes

79

Unit 3: Health and Life

THE BURUSHO HAVE A WELL-BALANCED DIET

D Because the Burusho people grow their own food, they have a balanced diet. Their diet has fruits
15 and vegetables, like dried tomatoes. They do not eat processed food like junk food or food that
has too much sugar. Their balanced diet makes them very healthy.

THE BURUSHO ARE SURROUNDED BY BEAUTY

E The Burusho people live in one of the most beautiful places in the world. Their environment has
a beautiful landscape that changes color with the *seasons. The environment is clean and does
not have air pollution. The Burusho live in an environment that helps them be healthy and happy.

F 20 In conclusion, the Burusho people are extremely healthy because they eat organic food, they have
a balanced diet, they are active, and they live in a beautiful environment. People believe that this

makes the Burusho healthy and live longer.

*seasons: fall, winter, spring, and summer

Burusho
traditional boats

Unit 3: Health and Life Fall Season in
Hunza Valley

80

Reading Comprehension

R6 Match each of the headings (1-3) to one of the paragraphs from DURING READING
the text. Write the paragraph letter, A-F, in the given space.

Heading Paragraph

Matching 1. Staying Active Is Healthy Paragraph _____
headings
2. The Beauty of Mother Nature Paragraph _____
Noticing main
ideas and details 3. Food Without Chemicals Paragraph _____

Noticing R7 Read the text and choose the correct answer: a, b, or c.
details
1. What is the main idea of the text? 4. Farming is great ___________ for the Bu-
Guessing meaning rusho.
from context a. The Burusho eat a lot of apricots.
a. exercise
b. The Burusho are healthy because of
their lifestyle. b. play

c. The Burusho are from Pakistan and c. culture
live in Hunza.

2. The Burusho of Hunza are also 5. What are some elements of the Burusho’s
called________. diet?

a. Mongolians a. Ladyfinger and ginger.

b. Botraj b. Sweets.

c. Swati c. Tomatoes and apricots.

3. Burusho grow their own fruits and 6. What are two features of the Hunza
vegetables. Their food is ________. environment?

a. organic a. Clean and without pollution.

b. healthy b. Full of air pollution.

c. delicious c. Colorful and dirty.

R8 Decide if the following statements are true or false.

1. T F The Burusho have a low life expectancy.

2. T F The Burusho's food does not have bad chemicals.

3. T F Dried apricots are part of the Burusho’s diet.

4. T F The environment of the Burusho has colorful seasons.

R9 The words in the box are from the text. Read each sentence and choose the meaning
that best fits each word.

processed (paragraph D) believe (Paragraph F)

1. Processed/Believe meat is the meat that goes in a factory and has added chemicals.
2. When you processed/believe that something happened, it means you think it is true.

81

Unit 3: Health and Life

R10 The following are sentences from the text. What do the pronouns in bold
refer to? Choose a, b, or c.

1. The Burusho people live a very active, physical lifestyle. They spend a large volume of time
outside farming and gathering food.

a. Farming b. The Burusho c. Hunza

Referencing 2. Farming is hard work, but it is great exercise.

Reviewing a. Exercise b. Hard work c. Farming

Sequencing 3. In fact, Jerome Irving Rodale wrote a book about the healthy lifestyle of the Burusho. The
information question is “What makes these people so healthy?”

Personalizing a. The Burusho b. Jerome Irving Rodale c. Healthy lifestyle
and evaluating
R11 Study the following reading skill.

Reading Skill: Sequencing Information

Readers should identify how information is sequenced in a text. This helps the reader to comprehend
information and shows one understands what is read.

R12 Order the following information from 1-4 as it appears in the text.

Order Information
a. Part of the Burusho’s daily routine is doing some exercise to stay healthy.
b. The Burusho enjoy a beautiful part of nature.
c. The Burusho’s food does not have chemicals.
d. The Burusho do not eat food that has a lot of sugar. They keep a balanced diet.

R13 Discuss the following questions with a partner. POST-READING

1. Do you think Hunza is a beautiful place? Do you want to visit it one day? Explain.
2. Why is processed food like pepperoni and hotdogs unhealthy?
3. Do you think your lifestyle is healthy? Discuss.

Apricot tree blossom,
Hunza Valley

Unit 3: Health and Life 82

Reviewing SPEAKING

Activating Talking about Daily Routine,
the skill Talking about Dates

S1 Study the following speaking skill.

Speaking Skills: Talking About Daily Routine

It is important to know how to talk about your daily routine. People get along when they share some
personal daily activities.
When you talk about your daily routine, you can talk about when and what you do. For example, you
can talk about what time you get up, have breakfast, go to classes, and meet your friends. You can
also talk about when you:
1. Take a shower 2. Take the bus 3. Study for classes 4. Read books 5. Go swimming 6. Go to the
gym 7. Get dressed 8. Make your bed 9. Play videogames 10. Make dinner 11. Play football 12.
Go to bed

S2 Read the following daily routine out loud. Then answer the questions.

Hello, my name is Mohammed Al-Alawi. Every day, I get up at 5 o’clock, and I brush my
teeth. Then I go to pray at the mosque. At 6 am, I take a shower and get dressed. At 6:30, I have
my breakfast. At 7 o’clock, I go to the college and I take classes until 4 pm. I get home at 5:30 and
change my clothes. After that, I go to the gym because I like to be fit. At 7 o’clock, I get back home
and have dinner at 7:30 pm. Finally, I study for two hours, and I go to bed at 10 pm.

1. Do you think Mohammed has a good routine? Explain.

2. Which activity do you like most?

3. Do you do some of Mohammed’s activities in your daily routine? Explain.

S3 Look at the daily routine of John and write verbs for each activity. Then talk about
John’s daily routine.

Practicing
the skill

1 23 4

5 6 78 9

83

Unit 3: Health and Life

Reviewing S4 Study the following speaking skill.

Speaking Skills: Talking About Dates

When you talk about months and dates, it is important to note the following:
Dates can be written in different ways, e.g., Monday, May 5th, 1990 or Monday the 5th of May 1990.
Use cardinal numbers for dates, e.g., first, second, third, etc.
Use “on” when you refer to a specific day in the month, e.g., “I can see you on January 7th,” “I can meet
you on January 7th,” or “I can meet you on Monday, January 7th, 2030.”

S5 Order the months of the year and days of the week.

Months of the year

December August July September January November
April
Activating March October May February 1
the skill June

Days of the week

Tuesday Friday Sunday Thursday Monday Wednesday Saturday

1

S6 The following are cardinal numbers. Match the dates with the words.

twenty-eighth twenty-ninth seventh seventeenth fifth tenth sixteenth second fourth
thirteenth twelfth twenty-third thirtieth twenty-seventh nineteenth ninth sixteenth
eleventh twenty-second sixth third eighth fifteenth twenty-sixth first twenty-fifth
twenty-first fourteenth eighteenth twenty-fourth twentieth

Activating 1st 11th 21st
the skill 2nd 12th 22nd
3rd 13th 23rd
S7 4th 14th 24th
Engaging 5th 15th 25th
6th 16th 26th
Unit 3: Health and Life 7th 17th 27th
8th 18th 28th
9th 19th 29th
10th 20th 30th

Fill out the conversation with dates. Then practice them with a classmate.
Salim: Hi, Walid. How are you doing?
Walid: I’m doing great. What’s up?
Salim: Saud’s wedding is on _______________.
Walid: Really? I thought it was on ____________.
Salim: No, it’s written on the invitation card.
Walid: That’s so soon. Let’s meet on _________ to buy him a gift.
Salim: I’m not free on _____________. What about___________?
Walid: That’s good for me.
Salim: I will see you on _____________, then.
Walid: See you!

84

Noticing GRAMMAR & WRITING
language
Grammar: action verbs “s”-“es”, “be” verbs
Reviewing (present + negative), “are” + “yes”/”no”
questions (am, is, are), object pronouns,
possessives (“‘s” + adjectives)

G1 Read the following excerpts from the unit texts and answer the questions that follow.

The Ministry of Health manages the healthcare system. Through this system,
everyone in Oman has access to affordable healthcare.

1. What does the Ministry of Health manage?

2. Are the sentences in the present or the past tense?

3. Why does the verb “manage” end in “s”?

In 2015, Oman’s healthcare system started linking to a central database for all
government hospitals and health centers. These new technologies help doctors
decide on the best care possible for patients.

4. Is the second sentence in the present or the past?

5. Why does the verb “help” not have an “s” at the end?

The Burusho people of North Pakistan are some of the healthiest people on the
earth. Some people call them the people of Hunza or the Botraj.

6. What does “them” refer to?

7. Why did the author use "them" instead of the noun it refers to?

G2 Study the following grammar point. Then do the exercises that follow.

Grammar Point What is the focus?
In the present tense, there are two present simple verb forms: the verb

Action verbs “to be” and other action verbs.
(present simple) As you studied in Unit 2, with the verb “be”, we use “am,” “are,” and “is.”

The negative is formed by adding “not” to the verb: is not (isn’t), am not,

and are not (aren’t).

Grammar Point Factual information

Action verbs There are three ways to make the “s” form.
(present simple) – by adding “s” to the end of a verb (run > runs, sit > sits, see > sees,
play > plays)
– by adding “es” to the verb that has “ss”, “ch”, “x”, “ch”, “sh”, or “zz” at the
end (watch > watches, guess > guesses, mix > mixes)
– by changing final “y” to “ies” after a consonant + y (study > studies,
party > parties, fly > flies)

85

Unit 3: Health and Life

Subject Pronouns First, second, and third person plural

I Verb - Verb - Complement Examples
We affirmative negative
You We fly the plane.
They fly don’t fly the plane We don’t fly the
plane.

Subject Pronouns Third person singular

He Verb - Verb - Complement Examples
She affirmative negative
It
flies doesn’t fly the plane He flies the plane.
He doesn’t fly the
Reviewing plane

Questions: Yes / No

Auxiliary Pronoun Main verb Complement Examples
(helping) verb start now Do I start now?
start now Yes, you do. / No, you don’t.
I Do they start now?
start now Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.
they Does she start now?
Do Yes, she does. – No, she
doesn’t.
we

you
he

Does she

it

Questions: “Wh”

“Wh”-word Auxiliary Pronoun Main verb Complement Examples
(helping)
verb you need a computer Why do you need a
he go on the computer?
Why do weekend Where does he go
on the weekend?
Where does

86

Unit 3: Health and Life

G3 Match the subjects in Column A with correct verbs in Column B.

Practicing the Column A Column B
grammar point
1. I a. try
Practicing the 2. You b. tries
grammar point 3. He a. live
4. We b. lives
5. She
6. It a. watch
7. They b. watches
a. speak
b. speaks
a. don’t like
b. doesn’t like
a. eat
b. eats
a. don’t read
b. doesn’t read

G4 Correct the mistakes in the following sentences, as in the examples.

Aiman study English. studies Where does Salama works? work

1. I lives in Salalah. ________________________________
2. Zainab work in a company. ________________________________
3. Do you likes action movies? _________________________________
4. We travels to Europe every summer. _________________________________
5. Salim don’t like cheese cake. _________________________________
6. Where does you go after class? _________________________________
7. My friend runes every morning. _________________________________

87 Unit 3:UHneita3lt:hHaenadltLhifaend Life