Stream 1

Reviewing GRAMMAR & WRITING

Noticing Writing: email writing, reviewing
the skill paragraph structure, using transitions

W1 Study the following writing skill. Then do the exercises that follow.

Writing Skills: Using Transition Signals: Addition

Transition signals are words that connect sentences together. They can also show the relationship
between sentences. For example, “also,” “moreover,” “in addition,” and “furthermore” are transition
words that show addition.
e.g.,
• My friend had a big problem at the airport, so he was sad. Also, no one was with him to help.
• My friend had a big problem at the airport, so he was sad. Moreover, no one was with him to

help.
• My friend had a big problem at the airport, so he was sad. In addition, no one was with him to

help.
• My friend had a big problem at the airport, so he was sad. Furthermore, no one was with him to

help.
If you start a sentence with “Also”, “Moreover,” “In addition,” or “Furthermore,” you have to follow
them with a comma (,).

W2 Read the following paragraph. Then answer the questions that follow.

Dutch sailors began stopping on the island of Mauritius while they were on long trips.
Because the dodo bird was fat, sailors began to hunt and eat it. Sailors also brought rats on their
ships. These rats had a big impact on the dodo bird. They escaped onto the island and ate the
dodo birds’ eggs. The dodo bird had not had any predators before, so it did not have a way to
survive them. In other words, the dodo birds were not ready to fight other animals. Only 100 years
after sailors went to the island, the last dodo bird was killed.

1. Why did the author use “also” in the third sentence?
2. Can you find another place where you can add “Moreover,” “Furthermore,” or “In Addition?”

Unit 6: Animal Rescue 188

Activating W3 Complete the following paragraph with the correct transition signals.
the skill Mammoths

Reviewing Mammoths lived on the earth a long time ago. They looked like elephants, but they were
bigger in size. 1. ______________, mammoths had hair and long ivory tusks. They lived in cold
places in Europe, Asia, and North America. Scientists found mammoth fossils in Siberia and South
Britain. 2. ______________, scientists are studying mammoths, and they might know why they
became extinct. Mammoths are big creatures that lived thousands of years ago.

W4 Study the following writing skills.
Writing Skills: Email Writing

An email is an electronic message. One can send an email through popular apps like Gmail, Outlook,
and Yahoo.
There are two types of emails, formal and informal. A formal email is for official uses like education,
religion, and business. An informal email is for friends and family.

Mammoths

189

Unit 6: Animal Rescue

W5 Decide if the following emails are formal or informal.

1. New email

To: Alya Cc Bcc

Subject: The Museum

Hi Alya,

How is it going? Yesterday, I went to the Natural History Museum, and it was a good chance
to see some stuffed animals. While I was walking around the museum, I took some pictures
for our group project.

Attached are the pictures!

Best, Send
Sara Al-Kathiri

The email is _______.
a. formal
b. informal

A

Noticing 2. New email
the skill
To: Sulieman Cc Bcc

Subject: Urgent Meeting

Dear Dr. Sulieman,

While I was driving my car in Muhoot yesterday, I saw some hunters killing some animals. The
hunters were hunting deer and birds. I took their car plate number, but I do not know what to
do next.

Please advise!

Kind Regards,
Tom Williams

The email is _______.
a. formal
b. informal

A Send

Unit 6: Animal Rescue 190

Reviewing W6 Study the following writing skill.
Re-ordering
Writing Skills: Writing a Formal Email
Editing
To write a formal email, follow these steps:
҅ On the top left of the email, start with the word “Dear” and follow it with the proper title of the

person and their last name (or both their first and last names).
҅ After the name of the recipient, put a comma (,).
҅ Then, go down two lines.
҅ Next, write your paragraph or message. Use polite and intelligent language without abbreviations

or too many contractions.
҅ After that, go down two lines.
҅ Finish with “Best Regards” or “Sincerely,” with a comma, and then write your first and last name.

W7 Put the following parts of an email in order using the numbers1 to 4.

________ a. Kind Regards,

________ b. Dear Mr. Sassi,

________ c. Samia Al-Ghafri

________ d. I would like to apologize for missing my class yesterday. It was all out of my hands.
My bus was late, so I arrived late to the college. I came to your office in the
afternoon, but you were not there.

W8 Edit the following formal email.

1 mistake in word choice 4 mistakes in punctuation
4 mistakes in capitalization 3 mistakes in verb form
Hi Mr. said

I would like to write about my first pet It were a cat, and its name was Bella. It was a gift from my
mother, and I was happy to own it. my brothers did not like cats so they did not touch it. bella like
to play on cushions and sofas. also it liked to eat tuna. I used to play music for it, and it danced. It
was funny. One day, Bella get sick and died. I was very sad

Best Regards,
Asila Al-Jabri

191

Unit 6: Animal Rescue

W9 Rewrite the email in W8 in the space below. Cc Bcc

New message
To:
Subject:

Re-writing _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Editing _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

A Send

W10 Send an email to your teacher about one of the following topics.
1. You have missed a test in class, and you would like your teacher to give you a make-up test.
2. You had a bad day, so you were unable to go to class.
✓ WRITING CHECKLIST
⃝ I used S, V, and C in my sentences.
⃝ I used the necessary capitalization.
⃝ I used the necessary punctuation.
⃝ I have supporting ideas.
⃝ The supporting ideas are related.
⃝ I have a concluding sentence.
⃝ I have a subject for the email

Unit 6: Animal Rescue 192

Modeling STUDYING SKILLS
the skill
Paraphrasing at the Sentence Level,
Reviewing Logging Vocabulary

SK1 Read the following sentences and choose the best paraphrase by circling a or b. Then
answer the questions that follow.
1. Some animals that lived in Oman do not exist anymore.
a. Some animals don’t live in Oman. They left to go to another place.
b. Oman had some animals that went extinct.
2. The Arabian oryx officially went extinct in 1972.
a. The Arabian oryx disappeared in the 1970s.
b. In 1972, the Arabian oryx moved to another place.

A. Why is it important to paraphrase some of your sentences?
B. Why do you need to paraphrase sentences you get from a book or a website?
C. What are some techniques for paraphrasing a sentence?
SK2 Study the following studying skill.

Studying Skills : Paraphrasing Sentences

One of the ways to avoid plagiarism is by using paraphrasing along with a citation.
You can paraphrase a sentence by:

1. Using synonyms (important = significant)
2. Using a different sentence structure (move adverbs or preposition phrases)
Original sentence: Jasim left the country last week.
Paraphrased sentence: Last week, Jasim traveled to another country.
3. Breaking the original sentence into two sentences
Original sentence: It is critical that students pay attention to plagiarism when they

write.
Paraphrased sentence: Students should pay attention to plagiarism. It is important

to remember this when writing.

193

Unit 6: Animal Rescue

Paraphrasing SK3 Paraphrase the underlined sentences in the paragraph. Write your
sentences in the given space.

The Khuriya Muryia Islands are one group of Oman’s islands. 1-They consist of five islands.
The islands are Al-Hasikiyah, Al-Sawda, Al-Hallaniyah, Qarzawit, and Al-Qaibliyah. The
Khuriya Muryia Islands are in Dhofar Governorate. 2-They are about 40 km from the beach
of Dhofar, and tourists can take a boat to reach the islands. The islands are quiet and have
white beaches. The Khuriya Muryia Islands are perfect for summer camping.

1. ________________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________________
SK4 Write the vocabulary items you learned from this unit.

Word Category (v, n, adj, Dictionary meaning Dictionary example
adv, phrase)

Logging
Vocabulary

Tip: Use the words you learn from your classes in your speaking and writing. Don’t worry
about making mistakes!

UNIT REVIEW

Check ( ✓ ) to answer. Answer the following questions:

A. I have learned . B. What are the words you are confident using?
___________________________________________________________
| new listening skills ___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
| new reading skills ___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
| how to tell a story
C. What is one piece of information you learned from
| how to pronounce past verb form /ed/ this unit?

| how to write an email ___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
| how to paraphrase at a sentence level ___________________________________________________________

Unit 6: Animal Rescue 194

STREAM APPENDICES

Tcaobnlteeonfts

1. Vocabulary Prefixes and Suffixes .................................................................................................... 196
2. Common Writing Errors .................................................................................................................... 197
3. Transitional Words & Phrases, Common Idioms ......................................................................... 198
4. Vocabulary and Verb Lists.................................................................................................................. 199
5. Common Adjectives ........................................................................................................................... 202
6. Common Speaking Phrases ............................................................................................................. 203
7. Students’ FAQs ................................................................................................................................... 204
8. Email Templates ................................................................................................................................... 206
9. Writing Process ................................................................................................................................... 209

195

Stream Appendices

VOCABULARY: 1
PREFIXES & SUFFIXES

Prefixes and suffixes are groups of letters that are added to words, and they modify their meanings and/or form. Prefixes are added
at the beginning of words. On the other hand, suffixes are added at the end of the words. See the example below:
dis (prefix) + honest (adj) = dishonest (adj), tree (n) + less (suffix) = treeless (adj)

un-adjective dis-verb dis-adjective dis-noun

meaning: not, opposite of meaning: not, opposite of meaning: not, opposite of meaning: not
conversion: added to adjectives conversion: added to verbs and the conversion: added to adjectives conversion: added to nouns and
and the output is an adjective output is a verb and the output is an adjective the output is a noun
examples: unclear, unusual, examples: disagree, dislike, examples: dishonest examples: disagreement, disorder,
unfriendly disappear disadvantage

il-adjectives ir-adjective im-adjective in-adjective

meaning: not meaning: not meaning: not meaning: not
conversion: added to adjectives conversion: added to adjectives conversion: added to adjectives conversion: added to adjectives
and the output is an adjective and the output is an adjective and the output is an adjective and the output is an adjective
examples: illegal, illogical, illiterate examples: irresponsible, irrelevant, examples: impossible, impolite, examples: incomplete, inaccurate,
irregular improper incorrect

Prefixes de-verb pre-adj pre-noun co-nouns
Suffixes
meaning: down, away from meaning: before meaning: before meaning: with
conversion: added to verbs and conversion: added to adjectives conversion: added to nouns and conversion: added to nouns and
the output is a verb and the output is an adjective the output is a noun the output is a noun
examples: devalue, decrease examples: prehistoric examples: prehistory examples: copilot, coworker,
cooperate,

micro-noun mid-noun re-verb post-noun

meaning: small meaning: middle meaning: again meaning: after
conversion: added to nouns and conversion: added to nouns and conversion: added to verbs and the conversion: added to nouns and
the output is a noun the output is a noun output is a verb the output is an adjective
examples: microwave, microscope examples: midway, midlife, examples: redo, replace, rewrite, examples: post-foundation,
midsummer return, recover postpone, post-surgery

non-noun en-adjective en-noun fore-verb

meaning: not meaning: to cause something , to meaning: to cause, to put into meaning: before
conversion: added to nouns and put something into conversion: added to nouns and conversion: added to verbs and the
the output is an adjective conversion: added to adjectives the output is a verb output is noun/verb
examples: nonsmoking, nonsense, and the output is a verb examples: envision, encourage examples: forecast, foresee
examples: enlarge, enable, enclose

verb-ition, -tion or -sion verb-able or -ible noun-ship noun-al

meaning: the action of meaning: able to or can meaning: giving a condition meaning: having the kind of
conversion: added to verbs and conversion: added to verbs and conversion: added to nouns and conversion: added to nouns and
the output is a noun the output is an adjective the output is a noun the output is an adjective
examples: competition, location, examples: manageable, examples: friendship, partnership, examples: national, personal,
expression, revision comfortable, breakable relationship musical , logical

adjective-ism nouns-ious, -ous noun/adjective-ize/ise preposition-ward

meaning: belief meaning: having feature of meaning: to become meaning: with the direction of
conversion: added to adjectives conversion: added to nouns and conversion: added to nouns/ conversion: added to preposition
and the output is a noun the output is an adjective adjectives and the output is a verb and the output is an adverb
examples: socialism, capitalism examples: religious, poisonous, examples: advertise, examples: inward, toward,
dangerous commercialize, personalize backward, forward

adjective-ly noun-ment nouns/adjectives/verbs-ance adjective-ish

meaning: related to meaning: condition meaning: quality of meaning: somewhat
conversion: added to adjectives conversion: added to verbs and conversion: added to nouns/ conversion: added to adjectives
and the output is an adverb the output is a noun adjectives/verbs and the output and the output is an adjective
examples: happily, angrily, badly examples: government, is a noun examples: childish, selfish, reddish,
advancement, punishment examples: clearance, acceptance, stylish
importance, attendance, ignorance

adjective-ness noun-less noun-ful noun-ic

meaning: the state of meaning: without meaning: full of meaning: having the kind of
conversion: added to adjectives conversion: added to nouns and conversion: added to nouns and conversion: added to nouns and
and the output is a noun the output is an adjective the output is an adjective the output is an adjective
examples: kindness, darkness examples: jobless, leafless, examples: beautiful, grateful, examples: athletic, economic,
tubeless, careless, fearless painful, helpful, spoonful artistic, fantastic

adjective-ity/-ty noun-logy adjective-ify verb-ive

meaning: having the quality of meaning: the study of meaning: to become meaning: having the nature of
conversion: added to adjectives conversion: added to nouns and conversion: added to adjectives conversion: added to verbs and the
and the output is a noun the output is a noun and the output is a verb output is an adjective
examples: equality, humidity, examples: biology, psychology examples: classify, simplify, purify examples: active, disruptive,
similarity, necessity, security attractive, supportive

Stream Appendices 196

COMMON WRITING 2
ERRORS

Error Wrong Sentence Correct Sentence

1. Subject-verb agreement Mohammed like to go the mall. Mohammed likes to go the mall.

2. Verb tense Last year, I visit France. Last year, I visited France.

3. Word choice My grade was beautiful. My grade was good.

4. Preposition I am going to home. I am going home.

5. Article Othman is going to study at an university. Othman is going to study in a university.

6. Word form What is the important of studying English? What is the importance of studying English?

7. Word form He is from Spanish. He is from Spain.

8. Omitting subject, verb, and My teacher gave us three assignments. For My teacher gave us three assignments. For
object example, one essay, a presentation and a research example, he gave us one essay, a presentation and
report. a research report.

9. Capitalization of pronoun “I” I like to travel to France. I like to travel to France.

10. Capitalization My friends are in the uk. My friends are in the UK.

11. Spelling I have tow bothers and sisters. I have two brothers and sisters.

12. Verb omission Sara from Salalah. Sara is from Salalah.

13. Relative clause I have a car who is fast. I have a car that is fast.

14. Run-on sentence Because my class is hard I failed in it. Because my class is hard, I failed in it.

15. Fragment 1 Marwan likes pets. Because he likes animals. Marwan likes pets because he likes animals.
16. Fragment 2
17. Fragment 3 Salwa has two cars. And she likes to drive both of Salwa has two cars, and she likes to drive both of
18. Pronoun them. them.
19. Adverb
I always go to the park. Where I meet my friends. I always go to the park where I meet my friends.

My friends and I like to travel a lot. They traveled to My friends and I like to travel a lot. We traveled to

many countries. many countries.

I drove my car fastly. I drove my car fast.

20. Confusing infinitive I should to buy the book. I should buy the book.

21. Omitting the article Salim bought new computer. Salim bought a new computer.

22. Wrong word order I saw a car beautiful. I saw a beautiful car.

23. Incorrect plural noun There are four womens in the meeting room. There are four women in the meeting room.
24. Comma splice My vacation was terrible, I had a car accident.
25. Two verbs in a sentence I am go home every day. My vacation was terrible because I had a car
accident.

I go home every day.

197

Stream Appendices

TRANSITIONAL WORDS, 3
PHRASES/ COMMON

IDIOMS

Purpose Transitional words

To add information also, moreover, furthermore, in addition, and , additionally
To give examples for example, for instance, including, such as
To order information first, second, third, etc. then, next, after that, finally, to begin with, first of all
To compare and contrast unlike, in contrast, in spite of, in comparison, however, whereas, while, in contrast to, although, similarly
To conclude to sum up, in conclusion, in summary, to conclude,
To show cause and effect so , because, as a result, hence, therefore, consequently, accordingly, thus
To give an opposite idea but, however, on the other hand, nevertheless

5. COMMON IDIOMS Best of both worlds
Tongue and cheek
Blessing in disguise See eye-to-eye
Once in a blue moon Water under the bridge
A piece of cake To add insult to injury
Over the top A drop in the ocean
Hold your horses Pulling my leg
On the same page White/Blue collar
By the book Draw the line
Hit the books Off the top of my head
See the big picture Have your cake and eat it
Raining cats and dogs Feeling under the weather
It’s a small world Spur of the moment
Beating around the bush Chip on the shoulder
To keep an eye on Spill the beans
Kick the bucket Back to square one
Something's fishy Drawing board
Rule of thumb Sit on the fence
Lend a hand The ball is in your court
Working against the clock My hands are tied
Tongue-tied
Out of the blue

Stream Appendices 198

VOCABULARY 4
AND VERB LISTS

6. VOCABULARY LISTS

Academic Word List General Service List
(Coxhead, 2000) (Bauman and Culligan, 1995)

7. Verb Lists (Regular Verbs)

Present Past Past Present Past Past Present Past Past
Participle Participle Participle
Accept Accepted End Ended Pamper Pampered
Act Acted Accepted Enjoy Enjoyed Ended Pardon Pardoned Pampered
Acted Entertain Entertained Enjoyed Pardoned
Achieve Achieved Excuse Excused Entertained Park Parked
Admire Admired Achieved Exercise Exercised Excused Particípate Participated Parked
Advise Advised Admired Exhibit Exhibited Exercised Participated
Affect Affected Advised Expect Expected Exhibited Pass Passed
Agree Agreed Affected Express Expressed Expected Perform Performed Passed
Amaze Amazed Agreed Film Filmed Expressed Persuade Persuaded Performed
Amuse Amused Amazed Filmed Persuaded
Answer Answered Amused Fill Filled Pick Picked
Appear Appeared Answered Fish Fished Filled Plan Planned Picked
Arrange Arranged Appeared Fix Fixed Fished Play Played Planned
Arrive Arrived Arranged Follow Followed Fixed Please Pleased Played
Arrived Freeze Freezed Followed Predict Predicted Pleased
Ask Asked Fry Fried Freezed Prefer Preferred Predicted
Attack Attacked Asked Greet Greeted Fried Present Presented Preferred
Behave Behaved Attacked Guess Guessed Greeted Program Programmed Presented
Believe Believed Behaved Hail Hailed Guessed Protect Protected Programmed
Belong Belonged Believed Handle Handled Hailed Provide Provided Protected
Blame Blamed Belonged Happen Happened Handled Purchase Purchased Provided
Borrow Borrowed Blamed Hate Hated Happened Push Pushed Purchased
Borrowed Help Helped Hated Rain Pushed
Call Called Hope Hoped Helped Receive Rain
Cancel Canceled Called Hunt Hunted Hoped Relate Received Rain
Carry Carried Canceled Identify Identified Hunted Relax Related Received
Cause Caused Carried Ignore Ignored Identified Remember Relaxed Related
Celebrate Celebrated Caused Ignored Repair Remembered Relaxed
Clean Cleaned Celebrated Repeat Repaired Remembered
Cleaned Repeated Repaired
Repeated

199 Stream Appendices

Present Past Past Present Past Past Present Past Past
Participle Participle Participle
Clear Cleared Imagine Imagined Resist Resisted
Climb Climbed Cleared Improve Improved Imagined Rest Rested Resisted
Close Closed Climbed Include Included Improved Return Returned Rested
Compare Compared Closed Increase Increased Included Save Saved Returned
Compete Competed Compared Interview Interviewed Increased Scare Scared Saved
Complete Completed Competed Introduce Introduced Interviewed Share Shared Scared
Contain Contained Completed Introduced Shop Shopped Shared
Continue Continued Contained Invite Invited Shout Shouted Shopped
Cook Cooked Continued Join Joined Invited Ski Skied Shouted
Correct Corrected Cooked Jump Jumped Joined Slow Slowed Skied
Cough Coughed Corrected Knock Knocked Jumped Snow Snowed Slowed
Count Counted Coughed Learn Learned Knocked Solve Solved Snowed
Crash Crashed Counted Like Liked Learned Start Started Solved
Create Created Crashed Link Linked Liked Step Stepped Started
Cross Crossed Created List Listed Linked Stop Stopped Stepped
Curse Cursed Crossed Listen Listened Listed Stress Stressed Stopped
Change Changed Cursed Live Lived Listened Study Studied Stressed
Chase Chased Changed Locate Located Lived Suggest Suggested Studied
Chat Chatted Chased Look Looked Located Surprise Surprised Suggested
Check Checked Chatted Love Loved Looked Talk Talked Surprised
Damage Damaged Checked Manage Managed Loved Taste Tasted Talked
Dance Danced Damaged Mark Marked Managed Thank Thanked Tasted
Date Dated Danced Match Matched Marked Touch Touched Thanked
Decide Decided Dated Measure Measured Matched Travel Traveled Touched
Deliver Delivered Decided Mention Mentioned Measured Try Tried Traveled
Depend Depended Delivered Miss Missed Mentioned Use Used Tried
Describe Described Depended Move Moved Missed Wait Waited Used
Design Designed Described Name Named Moved Walk Walked Waited
Destroy Destroyed Designed Need Needed Named Want Wanted Walked
Dicrease Dicreased Destroyed Note Noted Needed Warn Warned Wanted
Die Dicreased Notice Noticed Noted Wash Washed Warned
Disagree Died Number Numbered Noticed Watch Watched Washed
Discover Disagreed Died Offer Offered Numbered Water Watered Watched
Discuss Discovered Disagreed Open Opened Offered Welcome Welcomed Watered
Disturb Discussed Discovered Order Ordered Opened Wish Wished Welcomed
Dress Disturbed Discussed Organize Organized Ordered Work Worked Wished
Dry Dressed Disturbed Pack Packed Organized Worry Worried Worked
Dressed Paint Painted Packed Worried
Dried Painted
Dried

Stream Appendices 200

Irregular verbs

Present Past Past Participle Present Past Past Participle

awake awoke awoken know knew known
be was, were been lay laid laid
beat beaten lead led led
beat left left
become became become leave lent lent
begin began begun lend lost lost
bleed bled lose made made
blow bled blown make meant
break blew broken mean met meant
bring broke brought meet paid met
build brought built pay put paid
burn built burned/burnt put read put
buy burned/burnt bought read rode read
catch bought caught ride rose
choose caught chosen rise ran ridden
come chose come run said risen
cost came cost say saw run
cut cost see sold said
deal cut cut sell sent seen
dig dealt dealt send showed sold
do dug dug show sang sent
draw did done sing sank shown/showed
dream drew drawn sink sat sung
drink dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt sit slept sunk
drive drank drunk sleep spoke sat
eat drove driven speak spent slept
fall ate eaten spend stood spoken
feed fell fallen stand stole spent
feel fed fed steal stuck stood
fight felt felt stick stung stolen
find fought fought sting swam stuck
fly found found swim took stung
forget flew flown take taught swum
forgive forgot forgotten teach tore taken
get forgave forgiven tear told taught
give got gotten or got tell thought torn
go gave given think threw told
grow went gone throw understood thought
have grew grown understand woke thrown
hear had had wake wore understood
hide heard heard wear wove woken
hit hid hidden weave won worn
hold hit win wound woven
hurt held hit wind wrote won
keep hurt held write wound
kept hurt written
201 kept

Stream Appendices

COMMON 5
ADJECTIVES

Personality (Positive) friendly, adorable, ambitious, amusing, brave, charming, creative,
Personality (Negative) energetic, fearless, generous, gentle, hard-working, honest, humorous,
Appearance helpful, independent, intelligent, kind, modest, nice, patient, polite,
powerful, practical, quiet, confident, responsible, sincere, sociable, tidy,
Weather flexible, bold, calm, careful, frank, adventurous, successful, lively, happy,
pleasant
Feeling
Size arrogant, big-headed, careless, irresponsible, cowardly, dishonest, lazy,
Condition foolish, harsh, impatient, jealous, mean, moody, rude, selfish, stupid,

adorable, clean, attractive, beautiful, colorful, bright, dark, handsome,
old-fashioned, ugly, unusual, fit, cute, dirty, chubby

Positive:

wonderful, fair, great, lovely, fine, beautiful, nice, mild, excellent,
gorgeous, pleasant, good,
Negative:

bad, awful, terrible, miserable, unpleasant
Condition:

freezing, breezy, humid, chilly, warm, hot, wet, dry, cold, icy, cold, cool,
sunny, rainy, windy, stormy

angry, annoyed, anxious, ashamed, bored, confused, cruel, foolish,
lonely, nervous, speechless, depressed, embarrassed, disgusting, hungry,
amused, lucky, fantastic, thankful

tiny, fat, huge, great, high, low, short, tall, skinny, thin, wide, large, little,
narrow, steep, deep, flat

careful, busy, clever, modern, crazy, difficult, important, annoying,
significant, expensive, gifted, horrible, ill, sick, convenient, inconvenient,
noisy, odd, real, rich, well-to-do, sleepy, terrible, uneasy, worrying, wrong,
fresh, healthy

Stream Appendices 202

COMMON SPEAKING 6
PHRASES

Common Scenario Phrase or Question
Asking how someone is
How are you doing?
What’s going on?
How are things?
What’s up?
How’s life?
Response: I’m fine, thank you! / Pretty good!

After meeting someone for the A: Hello! I’m Mohammed!
first time B: I’m Salim.
A: Nice to meet you!
B: Nice to meet you, too!

Thanking someone Thank you so much!
Thank you so much for the meal!
Apologizing for being late Thank you so much for (verb + “ing”).
Ordering a meal I really appreciate it.
Getting a ride I am so grateful for your help!
After suggesting an idea Response: No problem. / No worries. / Don’t mention it. / Anytime!

I’m sorry for being late!

Hello! I would like to order a pizza/sandwich/drink.
Hi! May I get one chicken/beef sandwich and a fresh orange juice?

May I go with you to the college?
Could you please pick me up?
Would you please give me a ride to the college?

A: I think we should have lunch at KFC. How does that sound?
B: That sounds great/fantastic!

Responding to good news That’s great!
Awesome!
That’s good news!

Responding to bad news Oh no!
Going for a meal I’m sorry to hear that!
Telling time
I’m starving. Let’s grab a bite!
Introducing others Why don’t we go for lunch?
How about eating out tonight?

A: What time is it?
B: It’s 11’oclock. (11.00)

It’s 10 past 11. (11.10)
It’s 15 to 4. (3.45)
It is seven-thirty. (7.30)

A: Have you met each other?
B & C: No
A: Sami, this is Abdullah.
B: Nice to meet you, Abdullah!
C: Nice to meet you, Sami!

Inviting someone I would like to invite you for lunch tomorrow.
I was wondering if you would like to go for dinner tomorrow.

Response: Sure! That’s very nice of you!

203

Stream Appendices

STUDENTS’ 7
FAQS

Admission 1. Where is the admission office?
2. What are the requirements for admission?
Registration 3. What are the documents needed for admission?
4. Who is the admission officer?
Student 5. Where can I find information about the college/university?
Handbook 6. Where can I find information about accommodation and transportation?
7. What is the cost of a course?
Course 8. Do you have financial aid or scholarships?
9. What are the available programs?
10. Where can I find more information about admission?
11. What is a GPA?
12. What is the required GPA for graduation?
13. Do I have to do the General Foundation Program (GFP)? What are the GFP courses? How much

is the GFP program?
14. When can I get a student ID?
15. Where can I get my username and password for the portal?
16. Where can I get my username and password for the email?
17. What are the college/university facilities?

1. What is the academic calendar?
2. When does registration start and finish?
3. Can I register if registration is closed?
4. How can I register online?
5. Who is my academic advisor?
6. How can I find my advisor?
7. Do I need to talk with my advisor about course registration?
8. What are pre-requisite courses? What are required courses? What is an elective course?
9. My account is blocked. How can I unblock it?
10. What is the study plan? Where can I find it?
11. What is a degree audit? How does it help me in course registration?
12. How many courses do I have to do to graduate?
13. How many courses should I do in GFP?
14. What is a semester GPA? What is an accumulative GPA?
15. What is probation?
16. What is my major? How can I change my major?
17. Where can I find more information about course registration?

1. What is the Student Handbook?
2. What information does it have?
3. Where can I get a copy of the Student Handbook?

1. What is the course about?
2. What are the aims of the course?
3. Where can I find the course syllabus notes?
4. How can I pass the course?
5. How is performance assessed?
6. What are the course policies? Where can I find a copy of them?

Stream Appendices 204

Instructor 1. How should we address you?
2. May I schedule an appointment to discuss an issue in the course?
3. May I check my tests?
4. Why did I get a low score in the test/assignment?
5. How can I increase my chances of passing the course?
6. When is our next test/assignment/project/presentation?
7. What will we cover in the next class?
8. What do we have to prepare for the next class?
9. What are your office hours?
10. How can I communicate with you?
11. What is your email address?
12. What are the grading criteria for the essay/paragraph/project/interview/ presentation?
13. I am late in submitting my essay/paragraph/project/assignment. May I get an extension?
14. I am going to miss my class tomorrow because I have a doctor appointment. How can I make up for the
class I am going to miss?
15. I missed a test because I was sick, and I have a medical excuse. May I get a make-up test?

1. How can the Department of Student Affairs help me?
Who is responsible for college extracurricular activities?
2. How can I join a club?
What do I do if I face an academic issue?
Student Affairs 3. What should I do if I am bullied?
4. How can I change my dorm/hostel?
Office What should I do in case I become sick? Is there a clinic here?
5.

6.

7.

Library 1. Where is the library?
2. How can I get to the library?
3. May I book a study room?
4. I would like to check out this book. For how long can I check it out?
5. I would like to check out a tablet.
6. Where can I print some documents?

Other 1. Where are the computer labs?
Facilities 2. Where can I find the restaurants?
3. What is the prayer room?
4. Where can I find a male/female toilet?

205

Stream Appendices

EMAIL TEMPLATES 8
FOR STUDENTS

Tips for Emailing Your Instructor

1. Be formal
2. Use an email with your real name, not a nickname
3. Write a meaningful subject
4. Greet your instructor
5. Say who you are
6. Write a short and specific description of why you are emailing your instructor
7. Suggest a solution to a problem
8. Proofread your email
9. Don’t use Google Translate

10. Give your instructor some time to respond

Sample Email Templates

a. Appointment Request

New message

To: Cc Bcc

Subject: Appointment Request

Dear Mr./Ms./Mrs.[Instructor’s Name],

I hope you are well!
My name is [Your Name], and I am in your [Course Title]. I am emailing you to request a meeting to discuss [purpose of meeting].
If you would like to meet during your office hours, I would be available [list your free time slots].

I look forward to your response.

Best/ Kind regards/ Sincerely,
[Your First and Last Names]

A Send

b. Discussing an Assignment Grade

New message

To: Cc Bcc

Subject: Low Grade

Dear Mr./Ms./Mrs.[Instructor’s Name],
My name is [Your Name], and I am in your [Course Title].

I saw that you posted my grade for my essay/assignment/class work/test/project. I was a bit surprised about the low grade. I was
wondering if you could clarify to me why I got this grade and how I can improve my grade in a future essay/assignment/class work/
test/project.

Best/ Kind regards/ Sincerely,
[Your First and Last Names]

A Send

Stream Appendices 206

c. Clarification on an Assignment Cc Bcc

New message
To:
Subject: Clarification

Dear Mr./Ms./Mrs.[Instructor’s Name],
My name is [Your Name], and I am in your [Course Title].
I have received the course syllabus, but I need clarification about [Write about what you need here].
I look forward to your response.
Best/ Kind regards/ Sincerely,
[Your First and Last Names]

A Send

d. Following Up on an Inquiry

New message

To: Cc Bcc

Subject: Follow-up

Dear Mr./Ms./Mrs.[Instructor’s Name],
My name is [Your Name], and I am in your [Course Title].
I would like to follow up on my request that I sent on [Date]. I have asked about [Write a short description of your request].

I look forward to your response.

Best/ Kind regards/ Sincerely,
[Your First and Last Names]

A Send

207

Stream Appendices

e. Exend a Submission Deadline

New message

To: Cc Bcc

Subject: Extension on [Assignment]

Dear Mr./Ms./Mrs.[Instructor’s Name],

I hope you are well!
My name is [Your Name], and I am in your [ Course Title].

I have been busy with many class assignments, and I had many other family commitments. I do not think I will be able to submit my
[ Assignment] due to this. I was wondering if you would please consider giving me an extension to submit my [Assignment]. I can
submit it on [Date].

Looking forward to your response!

Best/ Kind regards/ Sincerely,
[Your First and Last Names]

A Send

f. Course Registration Inquiry to Advisor

New message

To: Cc Bcc

Subject: Course Registration

Dear Mr./Ms./Mrs.[Instructor’s Name],

I hope you are well!
My name is [Your Name], and I am your advisee.

As you know, the semester is just around the corner, so I would like to register for the next semester. I am wondering which courses
I should register?

Looking forward to your response!

Best/ Kind regards/ Sincerely,
[Your First and Last Names]

A Send

Stream Appendices 208

WRITING PROCESS 9

When you want to write a paragraph or an essay, you need to follow a number of steps to ensure that
your final product is good. Look at the chart below and then read the details about each step.

Step 1: Step 2: Step 3: Step 4: Step 5:
Brainstorming Outlining Editing
Choosing a Writing first
topic draft

In step 1: you should carefully think about your topic. If your teacher is giving you the topic, read the
topic carefully and understand what you are being asked to write about.
In step 2: you will need to think of ideas about your topic, and you will need to organize them using
different methods like word storm, fishbone, and mind map.
In step 3: you will need to put your ideas in an organized manner using an outline.
In step 4: you will write the first draft by following the outline you have written.
In step 5: you should go through your first draft and try to edit it. You can also ask a classmate to edit
it for you before you submit it to your instructor.

209

Stream Appendices

STREAM 1 Photo Credit

UNIT 1; p.iii: Milosz Maslanka/Shutterstock; p.1: Salah Al-Hanshi; p.5: EQRoy/Shutterstock.com;p.6: Salah Al-Hanshi; p.9: StockStudio/Shutterstock.com; p.10: Undrey/
Shutterstock.com; p.11: solkafa/Shutterstock.com; p.12: Claudia GCooper/Shutterstock.com; p.14: Rawpixel/Shutterstock.com; p.15: Rajesh. Rajan/Shutterstock.com;
p.16: (two men) Leshiy985/Shutterstock.com; p.16: (man&woman) SeventyFour/Shutterstock.com; p.18: VectorMine/Shutterstock.com; p.21: Rawpixel/Shutterstock.com;
p.22: Monkey Business Images /Shutterstock.com; p.23: PK Studio/Shutterstock.com; p.24: Mariam88/Shutterstock.com; p.25: sutadimages/Shutterstock.com; p.26: Pra
Chid/Shutterstock.com; p.27: SpicyTruffel/Shutterstock.com; UNIT 2; p.29: Djay7/Shutterstock.com; p.30: Dominic Jeanmaire/Shutterstock.com; p.31: Sarath maroli/
Shutterstock.com; p.32: Peter jesche/Shutterstock.com; p.33: Hussain Warraich/Shutterstock.com; p.34: IVAN KUZKIN/Shutterstock.com; p.39: (Royal Pavilion) Apisit/
Shutterstock.com; p.39: (Bali) Yusnizam Yusof/Shutterstock.com; p.40: V_E/Shutterstock.com; p.41: SyahrulPhotography/Shutterstock.com; p.42: (Tsunami sign) Focus-
Dzign/Shutterstock.com; p.42: (Maldives Map) Malachy666/Shutterstock.com; p.44: icemanphotos/Shutterstock.com; p.45: (Travel agent) Friends Stock/Shutterstock.
com; p.45: (Check-in counter) Rido/Shutterstock.com; p.46: (Zell) mRGB/Shutterstock.com; p.46: (Girls) Rawpixel.com/Shutterstock.com; p.47: lydiarei/Shutterstock.com;
p.49: sirtravelalot/Shutterstock.com; p.51: Minerva Studio/Shutterstock.com; p.53: milatas/Shutterstock.com; p.55: (Postman) The Last Word/Shutterstock.com; p.55:
(A Mouse) Mastak A/Shutterstock.com; p.55: (Two hands) Yusak_P/Shutterstock.com; p.55: (Two masks) Dragana Eric/Shutterstock.com; p.55: (A pen) olllikeballoon/
Shutterstock.com; p.55: (Cars) Leonard Zhukovsky/Shutterstock.com; p.56: Alex Saluk/Shutterstock.com; p.57: (National Museum) trabantos/Shutterstock.com; p.57: (Is-
land) Janos Rautonen/Shutterstock.com;p.58: Marcin Szymczak /Shutterstock.com; p.59: (Dubai Frame) Katiekk /Shutterstock.com; p.59: (Two women) oneinchpunch /
Shutterstock.com; p.60: room-KUPRYNENKOANDRII/Shutterstock.com; p.60: (Family) oneinchpunch /Shutterstock.com; p.61: Santhosh kumarsundaresan /Shutterstock.
com; p.62: eggeegg /Shutterstock.com; p.63: The Faces /Shutterstock.com; p.64: Motortion Films /Shutterstock.com; p.65: (M-presenter) Ivanko80/Shutterstock.com;
p.65:(F-presenter) Monkey Business Images/Shutterstock.com; UNIT 3; p.67: Feroze Edassery/Shutterstock.com; p.68: (a Man) BalanceFormCreative/Shutterstock.com;
p.68: (Gym Exercises) Chattapat/Shutterstock.com; p.70: Khakimullin Aleksandr/Shutterstock.com; p.71: metamorworks/Shutterstock.com; p.72: zlikovec /Shutterstock.
com; p.74: Salah Al-Hanshi; p.75: Cube29 /Shutterstock.com; p.77: Macrovector/Shutterstock.com; p.78: (men) khlongwangchao /Shutterstock.com; p.78: (a man) Hasnat
Sheikh /Shutterstock.com; p.79: (A Man) EASYWAY /Shutterstock.com; p.79: (veg) Maximum Exposure PR /Shutterstock.com; p.80: (Boats) Apik /Shutterstock.com; p.80:
(Fall) TripDeeDee Photo /Shutterstock.com; p.82: mortenrochssare /Shutterstock.com; p.83: NotionPic /Shutterstock.com; p.84: Viktor Lysenkov /Shutterstock.com; p.87:
VectorMine /Shutterstock.com; p.88: LamaiPrasitsuwan /Shutterstock.com; p.89: Nadia Snopek /Shutterstock.com; p.90: Krakenimages.com /Shutterstock.com; p.91:
canadastock /Shutterstock.com; p.92: Lazor /Shutterstock.com; p.93: VGstockstudio /Shutterstock.com; p.95: igorstevanovic /Shutterstock.com; p.96: igorstevanovic /
Shutterstock.com; p.97: Anton_Ivanov /Shutterstock.com; p.98: Katiekk/Shutterstock.com; p.99: dotshock/Shutterstock.com; UNIT 4;p.101: ngoc tran/Shutterstock.com;
p.102: Sabino Parente/Shutterstock.com; p.103: Sophie James/Shutterstock.com; p.104: Matyas Rehak/Shutterstock.com; p.105: (Grand Mosque) Efired/Shutterstock.
com; p.105: (Mutrah Souq)ChameleonsEye/Shutterstock.com; p.106: (Turtle) Catherine Guild/Shutterstock.com; p.106: (Camel race) Hany Mahmoud/Shutterstock.com;
p.108: joannawol/Shutterstock.com; p.109: antoniodiaz/Shutterstock.com; p.110:SN040288/Shutterstock.com; p.111: (Malala digital) kamran kami /Shutterstock.com;
p.111: ( Malala poster)TMP - An Instant of Time /Shutterstock.com; p.112: spatuletail /Shutterstock.com; p.113 & 114: Ahmed AlShugairi Facebook. p.116: Maksym
Poriechkin/Shutterstock.com; p.118: EQRoy/Shutterstock.com; p.120: (Checklist) Dragon Images/Shutterstock.com; p.120: (A cup and phone) conejota /Shutterstock.com;
p.125: oneinchpunch/Shutterstock.com; p.126: GreenArt/Shutterstock.com; p.127: Katiekk/Shutterstock.com; p.128: FerozeEdassery/Shutterstock.com; p.129: Lemau
Studio/Shutterstock.com; p.130: (A worried man) fizkes/Shutterstock.com; p.130: (Bored people) Andrey_Popov/Shutterstock.com; UNIT 5; p.131: TierneyMJ/Shutter-
stock.com; p.133: Katiekk/Shutterstock.com; p.134: (A man) Dreamer Company/Shutterstock.com; p.134: (A manikin) ngoc tran/Shutterstock.com; p.135: Katiekk/Shut-
terstock.com ; p.136: Moosa_fotoz/Shutterstock.com; p.137: Katiekk/Shutterstock.com; p.138(Omani boys) Katiekk/Shutterstock.com; p.138: (Henna) Feroze Edassery/
Shutterstock.com; p.140: Alexey Stiop/Shutterstock.com; p.141: delcarmat/Shutterstock.com; p.142: erlucho/Shutterstock.com; p.143: Patryk Kosmider/Shutterstock.
com; p.144: Macrovector/Shutterstock.com; p.145: (A women) Patryk Kosmider/Shutterstock.com; p.145: (A necklace) Mardoz/Shutterstock.com; p.146: (Two men) Un-
aiHuizi Photography /Shutterstock.com; p.146: (A man) Patryk Kosmider/Shutterstock.com; p.147(A cape) Real Vector/Shutterstock.com; p.147: (A shield) GUSAK OLE-
NA/Shutterstock.com; p.148: Oleg Elkov/Shutterstock.com; p.149: IKO-studio/Shutterstock.com; p.150: (kids) Monkey Business Images/Shutterstock.com; p.150: (Two
women) G-Stock Studio/Shutterstock.com; p.155: agilard/Shutterstock.com; p.156: Jose Ignacio Soto/Shutterstock.com; p.157: (Wadi Shab) Qais Al Ghaithi/Shutterstock.
com; p.157: (Pele) Kostas Koutsaftikis/Shutterstock.com; p.158: A.RICARDO/Shutterstock.com; p.159: (A compass) Dmitry Rukhlenko/Shutterstock.com; p.159: (Gandhi)
Giulio Benzina/Shutterstock.com; p.160: Kayo/Shutterstock.com; p.161: rnkadsgn/Shutterstock.com; p.163: GaudiLab/Shutterstock.com; p.164: stoatphoto/Shutterstock.
com; p.165: fizkes/Shutterstock.com; UNIT 6;p.167: Rafael Trafaniuc/Shutterstock.com; p.168: (Natural History Museum) Heide Pinkall/Shutterstock.com; p.168: Salah
Al-Hanshi; p.169: Salah Al-Hanshi; p.170: Ajayan Poyyara/Shutterstock.com; p.171: (sauropod dinosaur ) Daniel Eskridge/Shutterstock.com; p.171: (Fossils of Hadrosaur)
Reimar/Shutterstock.com; p.172: (An arabian leopard ) Yosyhiro/Shutterstock.com; p.172: (An Arabian oryxes) Kertu/Shutterstock.com; p.173: Natalia van D/Shutterstock.
com; p.174: Olha1981/Shutterstock.com; p.175: Alex Vog/Shutterstock.com;p.176: (Megalodon shark)Catmando/Shutterstock.com; p.176: (Megalodon tooth) W. Scott
McGill/Shutterstock.com; p.176: (Mariyana Trench) DOERS/Shutterstock.com; p.177: Frolova_Elena/Shutterstock.com; p.178: nevodka/Shutterstock.com; p.179: (Island)
MyroslavaBozhko /Shutterstock.com; p.179: (The dodo) Daniel Eskridge /Shutterstock.com; p.180: KostyantynIvanyshen /Shutterstock.com; p.182: (The dodo) Nicolas
Primola /Shutterstock.com; p.182: (Island) Karl Ahnee /Shutterstock.com; p.183: Ebtikar /Shutterstock.com; p.184: (Two boys) Helder Almeida /Shutterstock.com; p.184:
(Girls) Rawpixel.com/Shutterstock.com; p.184: (Chair) doomu /Shutterstock.com; p.187: NataliiaYankovets /Shutterstock.com; p.188: Marcin Niemiec /Shutterstock.com;
p.189: AuntSpray /Shutterstock.com; p.190: (Natural History Museum) Heide Pinkall /Shutterstock.com; p.190: (Desert) Katiekk /Shutterstock.com; p.191: Wan Fahmy
Redzuan /Shutterstock.com; p.192: RoBird /Shutterstock.com; p.193: JasaJosimovic /Shutterstock.com;

STREAM 1 Photo Credit 210

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

EDUNITED and the author would like to thank the following for their
contribution in STREAM Language and Study Skills series

STREAM Language and Study Skill Advisory Board:

Reviewers:
• Saif Al-Washahi, University of Technology and Applied Sciences-Shinas
• Sumia Salim Al-Hadrami, Muscat University, Muscat
• Rahma Al-Aamri, University of Technology and Applied Sciences-Muscat
• Dr. Khalifa Al-Khamisi, University of Buraimi
• Moez Lamti, Modern College of Business and Science
• Othman Al-Ghafri, University of Technology and Applied Sciences-Musannah
• Dr. Tayba Al Hilali, University of Technology and Applied Sciences-Muscat
• Al-Mahanad Al-Badi, University of Technology and Applied Sciences-Musannah
• Anwar Al Ishaqi, University of Technology and Applied Sciences-Nizwa
• Dr. Waleed Al Harthy, A’Sharqiyah University
• Ibraheem Al Maaini, A’Sharqiyah University
• Azza Saif Al Ghafri, A’Sharqiyah University
• Kunjachan Mecheril Ouseph, A’Sharqiyah University
• Safa Marnaoui, A’Sharqiyah University
• Yaqoob Salim Al Hinai, A’Sharqiyah University
• Aamal Al Kharusi, A’Sharqiyah University
• Abdulrahman Al Jahdhami, A’Sharqiyah University
• Ashraf Tantish, A’Sharqiyah University
• Hamed Ahmed Al Anqodi, A’Sharqiyah University
• Hamood Al Huneini, A’Sharqiyah University
• Khoula Al Siyabi, A’Sharqiyah University
• Mariyam Al Niyadi, A’Sharqiyah University
• Riadh Belhaj, A’Sharqiyah University
• Salama Al Sinawi, A’Sharqiyah University
• Saliha Al Saadi, A’Sharqiyah University
• Sawsan Al Hosni, A’Sharqiyah University
• Talib Al Dhuhli , A’Sharqiyah University

211

ASctkrenaomwlAedpgpeemndeinctess

STREAM

LANGUAGE AND STUDY SKILLS

Stream 1 Language and Study Skills Stream 2 Language and Study Skills

ISBN: 978-99969-840-1-3 ISBN: 978-99969-840-0-6

Stream 3 Language and Study Skills Stream 4 Language and Study Skills

ISBN: 978-99969-836-9-6 ISBN: 978-99969-842-7-3