Gujarati baalbharti

N/PB/2021-22/1,000

M/S. SHARP INDUSTRIES,
RAIGAD













1. âp\®_p

ïgp¡L$p¡“y„ ‘W$“ L$fuA¡.
t h¾$sy„X$ dlpL$pe k|e® L$p¡qV$ kdâc

r“rh®Â“„ Ly$fy d¡ v$¡h, kh®¡ L$pe®¡jy kh®v$p...
""Nyê$f¹ b°ûp, Nyê$f¹ rhóÏ, Nyê$f¹ v$¡hp¡ dl¡íhfp:
Nyê$f¹ kpnps ‘fb°û, sõd¥ îu Nyfyh¡ “d:''
""ep v$¡hu kh® c|s¡jy, rhÛp ê$‘¡Z k„[õ’sp:
“dõsõe¥, “dõsõe¥, “dõsõe¥ “dp¡ “d:''

Ap hk„s Mug¡ is`p„MX$u, lqf Aphp¡_¡ !
Ap k©rô$A¡ ^qfep kp¡lpN ; lh¡ sp¡ lqf Aphp¡_¡ !
Ap rhð hv$¡ R>¡ h^pdZu, lqf ! Aphp¡_¡ ;
Aphu hp„Qp¡ Adpfp„ kp¥cpÁe ; lh¡ sp¡ lqf Aphp¡_¡ !

Ap Q„v$fhp¡ L$f¡ QÞv$_u, lqf ! Aphp¡_¡ !
h¡ep¯ spfrgep_p„ aŸg ; lh¡ sp¡ lqf Aphp¡_¡ !
âcy `p\fZp„ v$Ci â¡d_p„, lqf ! Aphp¡_¡ ;
qv$g hpfu L$fui klº X|$g ; lh¡ sp¡ lqf Aphp¡_¡ !

Ap S>mdp„ EOX¡$ `p¡eZp„, lqf ! Aphp¡_¡ !
A¡hp EOX¡$ l¥ep_p cph ; lh¡ sp¡ lqf Aphp¡_¡ !
Ap dp\¡ de„L$_p¡ drZ s`¡, lqf ! Aphp¡_¡ ;
A¡hp Aphp¡ Æh_drZ dph ! lh¡ sp¡ lqf Aphp¡_¡ !

Ap QÞv$_u cfu R>¡ smphX$u, lqf ! Aphp¡_¡ !
aŸgqX$e¡ bp„^u R>¡ `pS> ; lh¡ sp¡ lqf Aphp¡_¡ !
Ap Apkp¡`pgh_¡ R>p„eX¡$, lqf Aphp¡_¡ ;
d_dl¡fpdZ dlpfpS> ! lh¡ sp¡ lqf ! Aphp¡_¡ !

- Þlp“pgpg

1

t õhpÝepe t

k. 1 “uQ¡“p iåv$p¡ dpV¡$ L$rhspdp„ h‘fpe¡gp iåv$p¡ ip¡^p¡

1) kp¡ - .................... 2) vy$r_ep$ - .......................

3) dÁ_ - .................... 4) Q„Ö - .......................

5) `pm - .................... 6) L$dm - .......................

k. 2 _uQ¡ Ap`¡gp iåv$p¡_u A„spnfu `|Z® L$fp¡.

1) lqf - qfhpS>, ............., ................ ...............
..............., ...............
2) hk„s - ............., ............., ..............., ................

3) kp¡lpN - ............., .............,

k. 3 âL©$rs_y„ OV$L$ _ lp¡e s¡hp¡ iåv$ Sy>v$p¡ spfhp¡.

1) hk„s, ifv$, l¡d„s, kp¥cpÁe - .........., .........., ..........

2) qv$g, `p¡eZp„, de„L$, smph - .........., .........., ..........

3) S>m, aŸg, dlpfpS>, Apkp¡`pgh - .........., .........., ..........

4) Qp„v$_u, l¥ey„, spfrgep, dp¡fgp - .........., .........., ..........

k. 4 “uQ¡“p iåv$p¡ dpV¡$ h‘fpsp„ AÞe Qpf-Qpf “pd gMp¡.
v$p.s. k©rô$ - vy$r“ep, S>Ns, rhð, Apgd

1) S>m 2) Q„Ö 3) aŸg 4) qv$g
8) dp’y„
5) dl¡fpdZ 6) â¡d 7) lqf

k. 5 “d|“p âdpZ¡ âñ b“php¡.
v$p.s. hk„s is ‘p„MX$uA¡ Mug¡ R>¡. (L¡$hu fus¡?)
hk„s L¡$hu fus¡ Mug¡ R>¡?
1) Q„Ö Qp„v$“u ‘p’f¡ R>¡. (iy„?)
2) S>mdp„ ‘p¡eZp„ EOX¡$ R>¡. (¼ep„?)
3) smphX$u Qp„v$“u’u cfpe¡gu R>¡. (i¡“p’u?)
4) lqf c¼sp¡“p„ kp¥cpÁe hp„Q¡ R>¡. (L$p¡“p?)

t sdpfu d_`k„v$ L$p¡C`Z A¡L$ âp\®_p NpAp¡ A_¡ NhX$php¡.

2

k. 6 _uQ¡_u L$pìe`„[¼s `|Z® L$fp¡.
1) Ap rhð hv$¡ R>¡ .........................
2) .................. is`p„MX$u lqf Aphp¡_¡ !
3) Ap S>mdp„ ................................
4) ............. v$Ci â¡d_p„, lqf Aphp¡_¡ !

k. 7 ep¡Áe rhL$ë` `k„v$ L$fu rh^p_ `|Z® L$fp¡.

1) hk„s ........ `p„MX$uA¡ Mug¡gu R>¡.

L$) klõÓ M) is N) v$iL$

2) spfpAp¡_¡ ..............“u D`dp„ Ap`¡gu R>¡.

L$) h¡g M) am N) aŸg

3) `pZudp„ ..........._p„ aŸg Mug¡ R>¡.

L$) L$dm M) k|fS>dyMu N) NgNp¡V$p¡

4) ............_p R>p„e¡ âcy_¡ bp¡gph¡ R>¡.
L$) _pNfh¡g M) Apkp¡`pgh N) `u`mp¡

5) rhð ................ hv$¡ R>¡.
L$) kp¥cpÁe M) Apiuhp®v$ N) h^pdZu

6) âcyA¡ ............ “p ‘p’fZp„ Apàep„ R¡.

L$) â¡d M) dMdg N) gpNZu

k. 8 kfMpdZu ey¼s iåv$ gMp¡. ----
1) aŸgX$p„ê$‘u ‘p’fÏ„
2) ---- ----
3) de„L$ê$‘u dl¡fpdZ
4) ----

k. 9 A) Å¡X$Zu\u \sp„ A\®c¡v$ Ap¡mMp¡.

v$p.s. hpqf - `pZu ; hpfu - Myi \hy„

1) `prZ - ......... `pZu - .........

2) `yf - ............ `|f - ............

3) qv$_ - ........... v$u_ - ...........

4) kyf - ............ k|f - ............
5) k|f - ........... i|f - ............

3

b) "_y„' âÐee_y„ ep¡Áe ê$` gMp¡. v$p.s. l¥ep_p cph

1) spfrgep............... aŸg 2) de„L$.............dZu.

3) â¡d ............... ‘p’fÏ„ 2) Q„Ö$.............Qp„v$“u.
L$) "Zu' âÐee gNphu cphhpQL$ _pd b_php¡.

v$p.s. gpNhy„ - gpNZu
1) hphhy„ - ............. 2) L$p`hy„ - ..............
3) `S>hhy„ - ............ 4) L$dphy„ - ..............

k.10 Ap`¡gp iåv$p¡ rhi¡ b¡-b¡ hp¼ep¡ gMp¡.
1) hk„s 2) smph 3) rhð 4) Apkp¡`pgh

t âL$ë` t

t kps qv$hk_u kps âp\®_pAp¡_u A¡L$ âp\®_p `y[õsL$p b_php¡.

lº„ hp„Qy„ .... sd¡ ‘Z hp„Qp¡$

± sÐks
± sÐks îu _pfpeZ s|, `yfyjp¡Ñd Nyfy s| ... ±
rkÙ-byÙ s|, õL„$v$ rh_peL$, krhsp `phL$ s|.

b°û dÝe¡$ s|, e‹ i[¼s s| ; Biy-r`sp âcy s| : ... ±
fyÖ-rhóÏ s|, fpdL©$óZ s|, flud spAp¡ s|.
hpkyv$¡h Np¡-rhðê$` sy„, rQv$p_„v$ lqf s| ... ±
AqÜsue s|, AL$pg r_c®e, ApÐd-tgN rih s| ...

- rh_p¡bp cph¡

t AÝep‘“ k„L¡$s t

`qfrQs A_¡ rhÛp\}Ap¡_¡ AphX$sp lp¡e s¡ ïgp¡L$p¡_y„ kd|l`W$_ L$fphhy„. R>Ì$p ^p¡fZdp„ iuMu
Ne¡gp R>¡ s¡ âp\®_p_u epv$ A`phhu. âp\®_p_y„ dlÒh kdÅhu âõsys âp\®_p iuMhp rhÛp\}Ap¡_¡
ArcdyM L$fhp. `R>u L$rhsp_p rhjehõsy_¡ Ýep_dp„ fpMu_¡ gOyâñp¡ `|R>u_¡ L$rhsp_¡ kfmcpjpdp„
kdÅhhp_p¡ âeÐ_ L$fhp¡. c¼sp¡ cNhp__¡ `p¡sp_p Of¡ bp¡gphhp rh_„su L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ A¡ Aph¡
Ðepf¡ `p¡s¡ iy„ iy„ L$fi¡ ? s¡_u hps L$f¡ R>¡. duW$p d^ S>¡hp bp¡f MhX$phhp fpd_u hpV$ Å¡su
ibfu_y„ Dv$plfZ Ap`hy„.

âp\®_p ’su lp¡e R>¡, L$fhp“u “’u lp¡su.

4

2. bufbg_p¡ v$uL$fp¡$

t Qpgp¡ hpsp® kp„cmuA¡.

AL$bf bpv$ipl_p¡ v$fbpf - L$X$L$X$su W„$X$u_p qv$hkp¡ - fpÅ Üpfp Ål¡fps - ApMu fps _v$u_p
`pZudp„ Ecp fl¡hy„ - kp¡ kp¡_pdlp¡f_y„ C_pd - Nfub b°pûZ - v$uL$fu_p„ gÁ_ - ^__u S>ê$fs
- Ål¡fps_p¡ õhuL$pf - ApMu fps _v$u_p `pZudp„ Ecp fl¡hy„ - khpf¡ fpÅ_p¡ âñ - b°pûZ_p¡
DÑf - TfyMp_p v$uhp_y„ tQs_ - v$uhp¡ dpfu `pk¡ S> R>¡ A¡hp¡ rhQpf - C_pd Ap`hp_u _p
- b°pûZ r_fpi - AÞepe - bufbg_p¡ bpv$ipl_¡ `pW$ cZphhp_p¡ r_Z®e - S>„Ngdp„ fpÅ
kp\¡ riL$pf¡ S>hy„ - cp¡S>_ dpV¡$ MuQX$u b_phhu - hp„k_p ÓZ gpL$X$p„ - rhrQÓ Q|gp¡ - KQ¡
MuQX$u_y„ hpkZ - _uQ¡ ApN - kde rhshp¡ - bpv$ipl_u ^ufS> M|V$hu - bufbg_p¡ DÑf
- Nfub b°pûZ_u hps - _p_L$X$p v$uhp\u v|$f Nfdu dm¡ - sp¡ ApV$gu _ÆL$ MuQX$u `pL$i¡
- bpv$ipl_¡ c|g kdÅC S>hu - b°pûZ_¡ bp¡gphhp¡ - C_pd Ap`hy„.

AL$bf bpv$ipl A_¡ bufbg_y„ DÑf dmsp¡ _lp¡sp¡. kpsdp qv$hk_y„ âcps
_pd sp¡ sd¡ b^p ÅZp¡ R>p¡ S>. bufbg_u EÁey„. bufbg tQspdp„ X|$bu Nep¡.
byqÙQpsyfu_u OZu hpsp¡ âQrgs R>¡. bufbg
AÐe„s byqÙipmu s¡dS> S>bfp¡ Ap[õsL$ lsp¡. r`sp_¡ tQspdp„ X|$b¡gp Å¡C s¡_p _p_p
Cðfdp„ s¡ dp_sp¡ lsp¡ A_¡ s¡_u c[¼s L$fsp¡ v$uL$fpA¡ s¡_¡ `|R¹>ey„, : "r`spÆ ! Ap` i¡_u
lsp¡. s¡ AL$bf bpv$ipl_¡ `Z Cðf_¡ epv$ tQsp L$fp¡ R>p¡ ?'
L$fhp A_¡ s¡_u c[¼s L$fhp_y„ OZuhpf L$l¡sp¡.
bufbg¡ L$üy„ : "bpv$ipl¡ ÓZ âñp¡ `|R¹>ep
A¡L$hpf bufbg¡ Äepf¡ bpv$ipl_¡ L$üy„ R>¡, S>¡_p DÑf dpf¡ Ap`hp_p R>¡ `Z lº„ Ap`u
Ðepf¡ bpv$ipl¡ s¡_¡ `|R¹>ey„ : "bufbg, sy„ Cðf_¡ iLy„$ s¡d _\u.' "¼ep âñp¡?' bufbg_p v$uL$fpA¡
epv$ L$fhp d_¡ hpf„hpf L$l¡ R>¡ sp¡ `l¡gp„ A¡ `|R¹>ey„. DÑfdp„ bufbg¡ dp„X$u_¡ b^u hps
L$l¡ L¡$ Cðf L$ep„ fl¡ R>¡ ? s¡_p v$i®_ L¡$hu L$fu. A¡ kp„cmu _p_p¡ bpmL$ bp¡gu EW$ép¡ :
fus¡ \pe ? A_¡ s¡ iy„ L$f¡ R>¡ ? "Af¡ ! A¡_p DÑfp¡ sp¡ kph kl¡gp R>¡, lº„
A¡_p DÑf Ap`ui.'
AL$bf¡ A¡L$ kp\¡ ÓZ âñp¡ `|R¹>ep. ÓZ¡
M|b dyíL¡$g lsp. bufbg sfs s¡_p DÑf _ bufbg¡ DÑf ÅZhp_u BÃR>p L$fu
Ap`u i¼ep¡. s¡ tQspdp„ `X$u Nep¡. s¡Z¡ L$üy„, Ðepf¡ v$uL$fpA¡ L$üy„, "r`spÆ, sd_¡ _rl, lº„
"S>lp„`_pl ! Ap`_p âñp¡_p DÑf dpV¡$ d_¡ bpv$ipl_¡ S> DÑf Ap`ui. d_¡ s¡d_u `pk¡
kps qv$hk_p¡ kde Ap`p¡. kpsdp qv$hk¡ lº„ gC ÅAp¡.'
DÑf Ap`ui.'
bufbg `p¡sp_p v$uL$fp_¡ AL$bf `pk¡ gC
bpv$ipl¡ bufbg_¡ kps qv$hk_u dl¡sg Nep¡ A_¡ bp¡ëep¡ : "`fhfqv$Npf ! Ap`_p ÓZ¡
Ap`u. âñp¡_p DÑf Ap dpfp¡ v$uL$fp¡ Ap`i¡.'

R> qv$hk sp¡ Å¡sÅ¡spdp„ `kpf \C Nep. AL$bf¡ Apòe®\u bpmL$ sfa Å¡ey„ A_¡

5

`|R¹>ey„ : "Ap _p_p¡ bpmL$ dpfp AOfp âñp¡_p _hpC `pdu_¡ `|R¹>ey„ : "Ap sy„ iy„ L$f¡ R>¡ ?
DÑf Ap`i¡ ? kpfy„. sp¡ d_¡ L$l¡ L¡$ Cðf v|$^ L¡$d `usp¡ _\u ?'
¼ep„ fl¡ R>¡ ? A¡_p„ v$i®_ L¡$hu fus¡ \pe ?
A_¡ s¡ iy„ L$f¡ R>¡ ? bpmL¡$ L$üy„ : "S>lp„`_pl ! d¢ kp„cþey„
R>¡ L¡$ v|$^dp„ dpMZ fl¡gy„ R>¡ `Z dpMZ sp¡
bpmL¡$ L$üy„ : "bpv$ipl, Ap` cpfsdp„ ¼ep„e¡ S>Zpsy„ S> _\u !'
_hp Apìep R>p¡. Ap`_¡ cpfsue k„õL©$rs_u ÅZ
_\u. cpfs_u k„õL©$rsdp„ Äepf¡ L$p¡C Ap`Z¡ AL$bf¡ lku_¡ L$üy„, : "sy„ lÆ _pv$p_
Ðep„ Aph¡ Ðepf¡ s¡_y„ õhpNs L$fhp_u â\p R>¡. R>¡. s_¡ s¡ _rl kdÅe. dpMZ v|$^_u A„v$f
`pZu Ap`u cp¡S>_ L$fphu `R>u hpsQus L$fhu S> R>¡. `Z s¡_¡ Å¡hy„ lp¡e sp¡ `l¡gp„ v$lu
Å¡CA¡. ku^p âñp¡ `|R>hp_p¡ qfhpS> cpfs_p¡ _p„Mu_¡ v|$^_¡ d¡mhhy„ `X¡$. v$l] b_u Nep `R>u
_\u.' s¡_¡ kpfu fus¡ hgp¡hhy„ `X¡$ `R>u dpMZ D`f
Aph¡.'
bpv$ipl cp¢W$p `X$u Nep. s¡Z¡ L$üy„:
"bp¡g, iy„ gCi ?' bpmL¡$ L$üy„ : "d_¡ v|$^ bpmL¡$ L$üy„ : ""sp¡ kp„cmp¡ S>lp„`“pl!
aphi¡.' Ap`_p `l¡gp b¡ âñp¡_p DÑf R>¡ L¡$, Cðf
kh®Ó R>¡. S>Ns_p M|Z¡M|Zpdp„ s¡ fl¡ R>¡. `Z
bpv$ipl¡ A¡L$ àepgpdp„ v|$^ d„Npìey„, s¡d_y„ v$i®_ L$fhp Ap`Zp d__¡ hgp¡hhy„ `X¡$.
bpmL$_p lp\dp„ Ap`u_¡ L$üy„, "g¡, `u g¡ sp¡ S> s¡d_p„ v$i®_ \pe.''
Å¡CA¡.'
bpv$ipl¡ L$üy„ : "ipbpi ! s¢ dpfp b„_¡
bpmL¡$ àepgp¡ gC_¡ A„v$f Å¡hp dp„X$éy„. âñp¡_p DÑf sp¡ Ap`u v$u^p. dpfu i„L$p_y„
A„v$f Ap„Nmu _pMu L„$CL$ L$pY$hp gpÁep¡. bpv$ipl¡ kdp^p_ \C Ney„. lh¡ ÓuÅ¡ âñ bpL$u füp¡.
lh¡ A¡ L$l¡ L¡$ Cðf iy„ L$f¡ R>¡ ?'

bpmL¡$ `|R¹>ey„ : "Ap` âñ Nyfy b_u_¡
`|R>p¡ R>p¡ L¡$ rióe b_u_¡ ?' bpv$ipl¡ L$üy„:

6

"rióe b_u_¡'. R>¡ ?'
bpmL¡$ S>Zpìey„ : "sd¡ sp¡ L$dpg_p rióe bpmL¡$ lku_¡ S>Zpìey„ : "Cðf D`fhpmp_¡

R>p¡ ! Nyfy _uQ¡ S>du_ D`f Ecp R>¡ _¡ rióe _uQ¡ A_¡ _uQ¡hpmp_¡ D`f b¡kpX¡$ R>¡. Mf¡Mf
tklpk_ D`f b¡W$p R>¡ ?' Cðf_u gugp AL$m R>¡, s¡_y„ hZ®_ L$p¡C `Z
L$fu iL¡$ Mfp¡ ?
bpv$ipl ifdpC_¡ _uQ¡ Esfu Nep A_¡
bpmL$_¡ `p¡sp_u S>ÁepA¡ b¡kpX$ép¡ `R>u lp\ - dyLy$Þv$ ipl
Å¡X$u_¡ `|R¹>ey„ : "lh¡ bsph, L¡$ Cðf iy„ L$f¡

t õhpÝepe t

k. 1 “uQ¡“p iåv$p¡ dpV¡$ `pW$dp„ h`fpe¡gp iåv$ ip¡^p¡.
1) Ahpf_hpf - ...................... 2) AOfp - .......................
3) dyv$s - ...................... 4) hl¡d - .......................
5) rhÛp\} - ...................... 6) âps:L$pg - .......................
7) _hpC - ...................... 8) âZpgu - .......................
9) _h_us - ...................... 10) AZkdSy> - .......................
11) kyg¡l - ...................... 12) ârkÙ - .......................

7

k. 2 A’® bv$ëep hNf hp¼e“y„ “L$pfpÐdL$ hp¼edp„ ê$‘p„sf L$fp¡.
1) dpfp v$pv$p Ap[õsL$ R>¡.
2) khpf¡ k|e®“p¡ Dv$e ’pe R>¡.
3) dpfp¡ rdÓ ‘uY$ R>¡.
4) ‘h®spfp¡lZ L$fhy„ dyíL¡$g R>¡.

k. 3 _uQ¡_p iåv$p¡_p¡ hp¼edp„ D`ep¡N L$fp¡.

1) âQrgs$ 2) byqÙipmu 3) Ap[õsL$ 4) c[¼s
8) tklpk_
5) v$i®_ 6) Apòe® 7) kdp^p_

k. 4 "fpÅ' dpV¡$ âõsys `pW$dp„ h`fpe¡gp iåv$p¡ gMp¡. A¡ D`fp„s sd¡ ÅZsp lp¡ s¡ b^p S>
iåv$p¡ `Z gMp¡.

k. 5 ep¡Áe fus¡ Å¡X$p¡.

1) cp¢W$p `X$u S>hy„ A) Cðfdp„ dp_hy„

2) Ap[õsL$ lp¡hy„ Ap) iftdvy$ \C S>hy„.

3) dl¡sg Ap`hu B) M|bS> auL$f \hu.

4) tQspdp„ X|$bu S>hy„ C) dyv$s Ap`hu.

t AL$bf-bufbg_p¡ sd_¡ AphX$sp¡ L$p¡C`Z A¡L$ âk„N hN®dp„ L$lp¡.

k.6 ep¡Áe rhL$ë` `k„v$ L$fu Mpgu S>Áep `|fp¡.

1) bufbg S>bfp¡ ............ lsp¡.

L$) c¼s M) Ap[õsL$ N) _p[õsL$

2) bufbg¡ âñp¡_p DÑf Ap`hp AL$bf bpv$ipl `pk¡ ........ qv$hk_p¡ kde dp„Áep¡.

L$) `p„Q M) _h N) kps

3) cpfs_u k„õL©$rsdp„ L$p¡C Ap`Z¡ Ðep„ Aph¡ Ðepf¡ `l¡gp„ s¡_y„ .......... L$fhp_u â\p R>¡.

L$) õhpNs M) `pfMy N) A`dp_

4) AL$bf¡ bpmL$_¡ ........... L$üp¡.

L$) X$püp¡ M) _pv$p_ N) byqÙipmu

5) Cðf_p v$i®_ L$fhp Ap`Zp ........ hgp¡hhy„ `X¡$.

L$) ^__¡ M) s__¡ N) d__¡

k.7 gMsp„ ’CA¡.

1) bufbg¡ AL$bf bpv$ipl“¡ ‘|R>¡gp âñp¡

8

2) bufbg AL$bf bpv$ipl“¡
OZuhpf L$l¡sp

3) cpfsue k„õL©$rsdp„ õhpNs“u â’p

k.8 ep¡Áe rhL$ë‘ ip¡^u rh^p“p¡ ‘|Z® L$fp¡ :
1) bufbg ‘p¡sp“p v$uL$fp“¡ AL$bf ‘pk¡..........
(L$) ÓZ âñp¡“p DÑf Ap‘hp gC Nep¡.
(M) kpQp âñp¡“p DÑf Ap‘hp gC Nep¡.
(N) b^p âñp¡“p DÑf Ap‘hp gC Nep¡.
2) Nyfy “uQ¡ S>du“ D‘f Ecp R>¡ “¡ ..........
(L$) rióe kp¡ap D‘f b¡W$p R>¡?
(M) rióe tklpk“ D‘f b¡W$p R>¡?
(N) rióe b¸ÞQ D‘f b¡W$p R>¡?
k.9 _uQ¡_p„ hp¼ep¡ L$p¡Z L$p¡_¡ L$l¡ R>¡ ?
1) "Ap` âñ Nyfy b_u_¡ `|R>p¡ R>p¡ L¡$ rióe b_u_¡ ?'
2) "Ap`_p ÓZ¡ âñp¡_p DÑf Ap dpfp¡ v$uL$fp¡ Ap`i¡.'
3) "Ap` i¡_u tQsp L$fp¡ R>p¡ ?'
4) "Ap sy„ iy„ L$f¡ R>¡ ? v|$^ L¡$d `usp¡ _\u ?'
k.10 rhi¡jZ ip¡^u _uQ¡ guV$u v$p¡fp¡.
1) AL$bf¡ ÓZ âñp¡ `|R¹>ep.
2) kpsdp qv$hk_y„ âcps EÁey„.
3) A¡_p DÑfp¡ sp¡ kl¡gp R>¡.
4) sy„ lÆ _pv$p_ R>¡.
k.11 `pW$dp„ Aphsp v$f¡L$ kh®_pdp¡ ip¡^p¡.
(Ap¡R>pdp„ Ap¡R>p 30 R>¡. A¡L$`Z kh®_pd_y„ `y_fphs®_ _ \hy„ Å¡CA¡.)
k.12 sdpfp Ofdp„ `|Å`pW$ A_¡ âp\®_p L¡$hu fus¡ \pe R>¡ s¡ sdpfp iåv$p¡dp„ 5\u 7 hp¼ep¡dp„ gMp¡.

t âL$ë‘ t

t Ap‘¡gp ^d®_p âp\®_p õ\mp¡_p„ rQÓp¡, ^d®N°„\ A_¡ s¡_p k„õ\p`L$_u dprlsu kp\¡ kfk

c]s`ÓL$ s¥epf L$fp¡. tlvy$, S>¥_, Bõgpd, iuM, bp¥Ù, rÀõsu, `pfku

9

lº„ hp„Qy„ .... sd¡ ‘Z hp„Qp¡$

kp¥_y„ L$fp¡ L$ëepZ

(fpN : L¡$v$pf A\hp `|qfep ^_pîu, su_spg)

kp¥_y„ L$fp¡ L$ëepZ, v$epmy âcy !

kp¥_y„ L$fp¡ L$ëepZ...

_f_pfu `iy`nu_u kp\¡,

ÆhS>„sy_y„ sdpd ....... v$epmy ........

S>N_p„ hpku kp¥ kyM cp¡Nh¡,

Ap_„v$¡ flu ApW¡$ Åd ... v$epmy ...

vy$r_epdp„ v$fv$ vy$L$pm `X¡$ _rl,

gX¡$ _rl L$p¡C Npd ... v$epmy ...

kh® S>N¡ kyMpL$pfu h^¡ _¡,

hmu h^¡ ^_^pÞe ... v$epmy ...

L$p¡C L$p¡C_y„ b|fy„ _ BÃR>¡,

kp¥_y„ BÃR>¡ L$ëepZ ... v$epmy ...

`p¡s`p¡sp_p ^d® âdpZ¡,

kh® cS>¡ cNhp_ ... v$epmy ...

Åv$hv$pk_p v$pk `p¡L$pf¡,

â¡d¡ L$fu `fZpd ... v$epmy ...

- Åv$hv$pk>

t AÝep‘“ k„L¡$s t

iê$Apsdp„ Ap`¡gp dyØp_p Ap^pf¡ "bufbg_u MuQX$u'_u hpsp® L$üp `R>u bufbg_u QsyfpC s¡d
S> s¡_p lpS>fS>hpbu`Zp_u hps L$fhu A_¡ kp\¡ AL$bf_p _hfÐ_p¡_u `Z rhõs©s QQp® L$fhu.
âñp¡Ñf A_¡ QQp® Üpfp `pW$_y„ AÝee_-AÝep`_ L$fphsu hMs¡ bpmL$p¡_¡ kss kq¾$e fpMhp.

Ap`¡gp âL$ë` rhi¡ kdS> Ap`su hMs¡ ^d®âsuL$p¡_u `Z dprlsu S>ê$f S>Zpe sp¡ Ahíe
Ap`hu.

AL$bf bufbg_p AÞe âk„Np¡_u S>¡d s¡_pgufpd_ A_¡ fpÅ L©$óZv$¡hfpe_p L$p¡C âk„Np¡
rhi¡ QQp® L$fu rhÛp\}Ap¡_p `|h®op__u QL$pkZu L$fu iL$pe A\hp s¡d_p op_dp„ h©qÙ `Z L$fu
iL$pe. bufbg_p¡ v$uL$fp¡ `Z s¡_p S>¡hp¡ Qsyf A_¡ byqÙipmu R>¡ s¡\u "dp¡f_p„ IX$p„_¡ Qusfhp„
_ `X¡$' S>¡hu L$l¡hs kdÅhhp_p¡ `Z Ahíe âepk L$fhp¡.

S>¡ iuMhp dp„N¡ R>¡ s¡“¡ b^y„ S> AphX¡$ R>¡.

10

t D`¾$d t

t _uQ¡_u q¾$ep sd¡ l„d¡ip„, ¼epf¡L$ L$fp¡ R>p¡ L¡$ ¼epf¡e _\u L$fsp s¡ âdpZ¡ Mp_pdp„ L$fp¡.

¾$d q¾$ep l„d¡ip„ ¼epf¡L$ ¼epf¡e
_rl
1. lº„ fp¡S> fdhp S>sp„ `l¡gp„ A_¡ fdu_¡ Apìep
`R>u lp\ ^p¡J Ry>„.

2. lº„ `pZu_u iuiudp„ h^¡gy„ `pZu h©np¡_¡
`uhX$phy„ Ry>„.

3. `uhp dpV¡$ Å¡CA¡ A¡V$gy„ S> `pZu àepgpdp„
gJ Ry>„.

4. v$f AW$hpqX$e¡ A¡L$ qv$hk lº„ h^¡gp _M L$p`y„
Ry>„.

5. blpf\u Apìep `R>u lº„ dpfp lp\-`N ^p¡J
Ry>„.

6. lº„ Aß_p¡ bNpX$ L$fsp¡ _\u.
7. fps¡ k|sp `l¡gp„ v$p„s Oku, lp\-`N ^p¡J

Ry>„.
8. lº„ L$Qfp`¡V$u_p¡ D`ep¡N L$fy„ Ry>„.
9. lº„ dpfy„ `qfkf õhÃR> fpMy„ Ry>„.
10. `uhp_p `pZu_p _m `pk¡ lº„ N„v$L$u L$fsp¡

_\u.
11. lº„ _p¡V$byL$_p„ `p_p„ apX$sp¡ _\u.
12. hN®dp„ h^¡gp Qp¡L$_p¡ c|½$p¡ lº„ L$v$u L$fsp¡

_\u.
13. lº„ dpfp hN®_p„ c]srQÓp¡ bv$gphy„ Ry>„.
14. lº„ Ål¡f S>ÁepA¡ \|„L$sp¡ _\u A_¡ s¡ S>Áep

bNpX$sp¡ _\u.
15. lº„ DL$pm¡gy„ `pZu `uJ Ry>„.
16. lº„ dpfp Of s\p ipmp_u hõsyAp¡_u kpQhZu

L$fy„ Ry>„.
17. lº„ r_erds fus¡ ep¡N L$fy„ Ry>„.
18. dpfp hN®rinL$ A_¡ rhjerinL¡$ Ap`¡gu

Apop_y„ lº„ `pg_ L$fy„ Ry>„.

11

t rhi¡jZ_p âL$pf t

Ap`Z¡ iuMu Nep R>uA¡.

1) NyZhpQL$ rhi¡jZ 2) k„¿ephpQL$ rhi¡jZ A“¡
3) ‘qfdpZhpQL$ rhi¡jZ / âdpZhpQL$ rhi¡jZ. lh¡ AÞe âL$pf rhi¡ iuMuiy„.

l _uQ¡_p„ hp¼ep¡ hp„Qp¡.
1) ¼ep¡ R>p¡L$fp¡ ApS>¡ N¡flpS>f R>¡ ?
2) s_¡ L¡$hu `¡_ Å¡CA¡ R>¡ ?
3) L$p¡_p¡ cpC ApW$dp ^p¡fZdp„ cZ¡ R>¡ ?

l lh¡ D`f_p„ hp¼ep¡_p S>hpb Ap`p¡.
1) Dd¡i ApS>¡ N¡flpS>f R>¡.
2) d_¡ `pL®$f `¡_ Å¡CA¡ R>¡.
3) cfs_p¡ cpC ApW$dp ^p¡fZdp„ cZ¡ R>¡.

l epv$ fpMp¡ : ¼ey„, L¡$hy„, L$p¡_y„, i¡_y„, L$iy„ S>¡hp âñp¡ `|R>hp\u S>¡ DÑf dm¡ R>¡ s¡_¡ âñhpQL$
rhi¡jZ L$l¡hpe R>¡.

l L$rhspdp„ epv$ fpMp¡.
`v$p¡ L$p¡_u A_¡ ip_u hmu A¡ L$p¡Z _¡ A¡ iy„
b^p„ âñp\®_p„ ê$`p¡ lh¡ lº„ Ap¡mMu gJ Ry>„.

Sy>Ap¡ âñp\®_p„ ê$`p¡ L$v$u A¡ kh®_pdp¡ R>¡.
rhi¡jZ A¡ b_¡ Ðepf¡ _l] iy„ Ap¡mMp¡ A¡_¡ ?

L$l¡ iu i[¼s R>¡ spfu ? X$fph¡ L$pm sy„ L$p¡“¡ ?
rhi¡jZ i[¼s“y„ iu R>¡ L$f¡ k„op - h^pfp¡ s¡
X$fph¡ L$pm sy„ L$p¡_¡ ? d_¡ ? _p lº„ _\u X$fsp¡.
Al] L$p¡_¡ d_¡ L$pS>¡ h^pfp¡ Ðep„ _\u \psp¡.

l _uQ¡_p„ hp¼ep¡ hp„Qp¡.

1) Ap Qp¡`X$u v$ãsfdp„ d|L. $ LC Qp¡`X$u ?

2) `¡gp„ bl¡_ NrZs“p„ rirnL$p R>¡. ¼ep„ bl¡_ ?

l epv$ fpMp¡ : A¡, Ap, `¡gp¡, `¡gu, `¡gp, `¡gy„, s¡ hN¡f¡ ìe[¼s L¡$ `v$p\® v$ip®h¡ R>¡. s¡\u s¡_¡
v$i®L$ rhi¡jZ L$l¡hpe R>¡.

12

l L$rhspdp„ epv$ fpMp¡.
A¡ äp¡L$ dyS>_¡ blº Nd¡, `à`p A`php¡ A¡ d_¡,
A¡ S> `v$ v$ip®hsy„ S>¡ hõsy_¡ b„_¡ õ\m¡.
A¡ äp¡L$ - Ðep„ v$i®L$ rhi¡jZ "A¡' rhi¡jZ äp¡L$_y„
Ap`p¡ d_¡ A¡ Ðep„ S> `v$ A¡ kh®_pd b_u S>sy„.

l _uQ¡_p„ hp¼ep¡ hp„Qp¡.
1) S>¡V$gp `¥kp bQphip¡ s¡V$gu bQs \i¡.
2) S>¡hu kfL$pf s¡hu âÅ.
3) S>¡hy„ L$fp¡ s¡hy„ cfp¡.

l epv$ fpMp¡ : S>¡V$gy„...s¡V$gy„, S>¡hy„...s¡hy„, S>¡_y„...s¡_y„, S>¡...s¡ hN¡f¡ A¡L$buÅ_u A`¡npA¡ Aph¡
R>¡. hmu A¡ _pd_p„ tgN, hQ_ âdpZ¡ bv$gpe R>¡. s¡_¡ kp`¡n rhi¡jZ L$l¡hpe R>¡.

l L$rhspdp„ epv$ fpMp¡.
A`¡np A¡L$buÅ_u `v$p¡ S>¡ fpMsp„ r_Ðe¡
NZp¡ kp`¡n s¡ b„_¡, Al] kp`¡n R>¡ S>¡...s¡.
ggpV¡$ S>¡ gMpey„ s¡ L$v$u rdÕep _\u \psy„,
fX$u_¡ L¡$ lku_¡ L¡$ b^y„e¡ cp¡Nhu g¡hy„.
S>¡ dpZk¡ b|fy„ L$ey¯ s¡ `p`_p„ am cp¡Nh¡,
S>¡...s¡ Al] kp`¡n R>¡ b„_¡ rhi¡jZ R>¡ Mf¡.

t õhpÝepe t

l “uQ¡“p„ hp¼ep¡dp„\u rhi¡jZ ip¡^u s¡_p âL$pf gMp¡.
1) `¡gy„ rQÓ v$uhpg `f ip¡c¡ R>¡.
2) hp¡V$f `pL®$dp„ Ad_¡ M|b dÅ `X$u.
3) dp¡f_p„ gp„bp„ A_¡ f„Nb¡f„Nu `]R>p„ d_¡ Nd¡ R>¡.
4) cpfsdp„ ¼ep¡ ^p¡^ kp¥’u dp¡V$p¡ R>¡ ?
5) L„$CL$ ÆhS>„sy s¡_¡ L$fX$u Ney„ R>¡.
6) S>¡hp¡ âñ R>¡ s¡hp¡ s¡_p¡ DÑf R>¡.
7) `p„Qdp ^p¡fZ_p„ bpmL$p¡ _pV$L$ cS>hi¡.
8) A¡L$kp¡ ArNepf ê$r`ep_p¡ Qp„v$gp¡ L$fp¡.

13

3. S>gi[¼s Nus

t Qpgp¡ r_funZ L$fuA¡.

(fpN : Ad v$¡i_u Ap Ape®fdZu)

õhÃR> r_d®g õaŸrs®v$peL$ S>g_p¡ drldp ÅZÅ¡,
S>¡ S>g¡ Apàey„ Æh_ A¡_u dlÑp dpZÅ¡,
S>m_u MmMm k„`rÑ ^fsu sZp¡ iZNpf R>¡,
l¡ dpZkp¡ `pZu bQphp¡ `©Õhu_p¡ `p¡L$pf R>¡.

14

S>g rh_p_u tS>v$Nu rhQpfÅ¡ c¢L$pf R>¡, - kp„Cfpd v$h¡
Æh, S>„sy, h©n, dp_h, S>g Æh_ ^bL$pf R>¡,
S>g kv$p iusg hl¡ c|sg sZp¡ Ap^pf R>¡,
l¡ dpZkp¡ `pZu bQphp¡ `©Õhu_p¡ `p¡L$pf R>¡.
sm \ep kpÅ amu M¡su _¡ X¡$fu ^d^du,
v|$^_u ¾$p„rs \C DÛp¡N_u Apip amu,
`iy^_ rhL$õep vy$L$pmp¡ S>g \L$u lv$ `pf R>¡,
l¡ dpZkp¡ `pZu bQphp¡ `©Õhu_p¡ `p¡L$pf R>¡.

S>g DNpX¡$ AÞ_ S>g v$e¡ ^_, s_-d_ spS>Nu,
R>¡ dasdp„ kph s¡\u iy„ h¡X$ahy„ hpS>bu,
"kp„C' L$l¡ S>g k„`rÑ _p kpQh¡ r^½$pf R>¡,
l¡ dpZkp¡ `pZu bQphp¡ `©Õhu_p¡ `p¡L$pf R>¡.

t õhpÝepe t

k. 1 “uQ¡“p iåv$p¡ dpV¡$ L$pìedp„ h`fpe¡gp iåv$ ip¡^p¡. dlÒh - .......................
1) kpa - ...................... 2) rdgL$s - .......................
3) S>du_ - ...................... 4) W„Xy„$ - .......................
5) Aps®_pv$ - ...................... 6) _afs - .......................
7) A_ph©rô$ - ...................... 8)

k. 2 _uQ¡_p iåv$p¡_p¡ hp¼edp„ D`ep¡N L$fp¡.

v$p.s. ^fsu-`pZu\u ^fsu kd©Ù A_¡ fkpm b_¡.

1) r_d®g$ 2) k„`rÑ 3) Apip 4) iusg
8) das
5) tS>v$Nu 6) Ap^pf 7) drldp

k. 3 _uQ¡_p iåv$kd|l dpV¡$ A¡L$ iåv$ Ap`p¡. sdpfp¡ S>hpb L$p¦kdp„\u `k„v$ L$fp¡.
(Adf, õhÃR>, h¡X$ahy„, AkÐe, r_d®g, AõhÃR>, iusg, Ai¼e)
1) S>¡ kpa lp¡e R>¡ s¡- ................. 2) S>¡dp„ d¡g _\u s¡ - ................
3) S>¡ W„$Xy„$ R>¡ s¡ - .................. 4) S>¡ _L$pdu fus¡ h`fpe s¡ -..........
5) S>¡ dfsy„ _\u s¡ - .................. 6) S>¡ N„vy„$ R>¡ s¡ - ................
7) S>¡ kÐe _\u s¡ - .................. 8) S>¡ i¼e _\u s¡ - ................

k. 4 iåv$_u A„spnfu `|fu L$fp¡. (Ap¡R>pdp„ Ap¡R>p 10 iåv$p¡_u kp„L$m b_php¡.)
drldp - dpsp - ........ - ........ - ........ - ........ - ........ - ........

15

k. 5 Dv$plfZ âdpZ¡ _hp iåv$ b_php¡. 2) â¡fZp - .......................
Dv$p. õaŸrs® - õaŸrs®v$peL$ 4) ip„rs - .......................
1) Apfpd - ......................
3) i[¼s - ......................

 k.6 gMsp„ iuMuA¡.

1) ^fsu_p¡ iZNpf :

2) Ap“p rh“p“u tS>v$Nu c¢L$pf :

3) h¡X$ahu _ Å¡CA¡ s¡ hõsy :

4) L$rh Ap`Z_¡ Ap k„v$¡ip¡ Ap`¡ R>¡ :

k. 7 ep¡Áe `ep®e `k„v$ L$fu_¡ gMp¡.

1) S>g\u Ap`Z_¡ ............ dm¡ R>¡.

L$) Æh_ M) ^_$ N) d_ O) s_

2) S>g ........... Ap^pf R>¡.

L$) _c_p¡ M) c|sg_p¡ N) b°ûp„X$_p¡ O) k„kpf_p¡

3) `pZu bQphp¡ A¡ `p¡L$pf ............. R>¡.

L$) ApL$pi_p¡ M) kdyÖ_p¡ N) `©Õhu_p¡ O) dp“h_p¡

4) `pZu_¡ gu^¡ .......... Apip amu.

L$) bNuQp_u M) DÛp¡N_u N) AÞ__u O) k„`rÑ_u

k. 8 rhQpfu“¡ gMuA¡. Adpfp¡ Æh“ ^bL$pf ‘pZu
1)

2)

‘pZu“¡ gu^¡ ’e¡gu âNrs

k. 9 L$pìedp„ S>g dpV¡$ h`fpe¡gp„ Sy>v$„pSy>v$p„ b^p„ S> rhi¡jZp¡ gMp¡.
k. 10 "Å¡ `pZu _ lp¡e sp¡' rhi¡ sdpfp iåv$p¡dp„ 7\u 8 hp¼ep¡ gMp¡.

t `pZu bQphhp dpV¡$ sd¡ iy„ iy„ L$fip¡ ? s¡ L$lp¡.
t `pZu bQphhp_u S>¡V$gu S>ê$f R>¡ s¡V$gu S>ê$f buSy>„ iy„ iy„ bQphhp_u R>¡ ? s¡ L$lp¡.

t âL$ë‘ t

t "`ep®hfZ bQphhp_p„ k|Óp¡' L$pX®$bp¡X®$ D`f gMp¡. s¡_¡ gNsp„ rQÓp¡ BÞV$f_¡V$ D`f\u ip¡^p¡ A_¡ s¡_u
râÞV$ApDV$ gC k|Óp¡_u kpd¡ Qp¢V$pX$p¡ A_¡ hN®dp„ V$]NpX$p¡.

16

lº„ hp„Qy„ .... sd¡ ‘Z hp„Qp¡$

S>g drldp

S>g S>g sg c|sg kfg r_d®g S>g
MgMg `fhs A„N Tf¡,
R>¡ Akg _uf ve¡ L¦$L$ L$dg ag
kL$g k©[óV$_¡ Ly$ig L$f¡.
s„y O|„V$ Mfgdp„ AL$g_¡ `g`g
S>g Åmhhp V$kg L$f¡,
l¡ dp_h S>g_¡ bQph Aph sy„,
AV$g b_u_¡ eÐ_ L$f¡.

MV$`V$ sy„ R>p¡X$ âNV$ byqÙ L$f,
S>g k„L$V$ sy„ ùv$e ^f¡,
R>¡ rbL$V$ ê$` sy„ Q¡s_¡ TV$`V$,
T`V$ L$fu L$fL$kf L$f¡.
S>grb_ R>¡ T„TV$ OZu c]k R>¡ r_L$V$,
f¡ _V$MV$ S>fp X$f¡,
l¡ d p_h, S>g _¡ bQph Aph sy„,
AV$g b_u_¡ eÐ_ L$f¡.

t AÝep‘“ k„L¡$s t

iê$Apsdp„ Ap`¡gp rQÓ_y„ bpfuL$pC\u r_funZ L$fphhy„ `R>u s¡_p rhi¡ âñp¡ `|R>u_¡ `pZudp„
L¡$V$gu âQ„X$ i[¼s R>¡ s¡_p¡ õ`ô$ ¿epg Ap`hp¡. Ðepf `R>u L$pìe kdÅhsp `l¡gp„ ÓZ\u Qpf
hMs kd|lNp_ L$fphhp\u L$pìe_p¡ kpfp„i rhÛp\}Ap¡_¡ dp¡V¡$ cpN¡ kdÅC S>i¡. Ðepf `R>u _p_p
_p_p âñp¡_u dv$v$\u L$rhsp kdÅhhu. hÃQ¡ hÃQ¡ `pZu rhi¡ rhõs©s QQp® Üpfp rhÛp\}-
Ap¡ `pk¡\u dprlsu d¡mhhu A_¡ S>ê$f gpN¡ Ðep„ h^pfp_u dprlsu Ap`hu. `pZu rkhpe_p
AÞe âpL©$rsL$ k„kp^_p¡_p k„fnZ A_¡ k„h^®_ dpV¡$ rhÛp\}Ap¡_¡ â¡qfs L$fhp A¡V$gy„ S> _rl
s¡ bpbs_u S>_ÅN©rs dpV¡$ rhÛp\}Ap¡_¡ DÐkprls `Z L$fhp S>ê$fu R>¡. `pZu rhi¡_p¡ h¥opr_L$
×rô$L$p¡Z rhL$kphhp_p¡ `Z l¡sy`|h®L$ âeÐ_ L$fhp¡.

âpL©$rsL$ k„kp^_p¡_y„ k„fnZ A_¡ k„h^®_ Ap`Ï„ â\d L$s®ìe R>¡.

17

t hp„Qp¡. 4. kpfp Anf

Mfpb Anf A^|fu L¡$mhZu_u r_ip_u R>¡.

ky„v$f Anfp¡ A¡ lp\_y„ Of¡Ï„ R>¡.
kpfp Anfp¡\u ky„v$f âcph `pX$u iL$pe.

lpqv$®L$ : d¡lºg, sy„ sp¡ g¡k_ L$fhp b¡ku Nep¡. R>¡L$R>pL$ _\u L$fsp¡ _¡ A¡V$g¡ kpl¡b
Qg _¡ fdhp ; b^p S> spfu fpl b^p_¡ bsph¡ R>¡.
Sy>A¡ R>¡.
lpqv$®L$ : lp. `Z gukp„ A_¡ kfk `p_p„ lp¡e
d¡lºg : Ap g¡k_ `|fy„ \C Åe A¡V$g¡ ip„rs sp¡ Anf kfk S> Aph¡ _¡! gMhp_u
_¡! `Z dÅ Aph¡.

lpqv$®L$ : Af¡ hpl ! spfu _p¡V$_p„ `p_p„ L¡$hp„ d¡lºg : gukp„ `p_p„ lp¡e A¡V$g¡ Anf kfk
dõs R>¡, gukp„ gukp„ l„... lh¡ d_¡ Aph¡ A¡hy„ _ lp¡e !
Mbf `X$u L¡$ kpl¡b L$ped spfu _p¡V$
S> ¼gpkdp„ L¡$d bsphsp li¡? kp¡_g : Af¡ lpqv$®L$, s_¡ Ap d¡lºg_¡ bp¡gphhp
dp¡L$ëep¡ A_¡ sy„ Al] S> b¡ku `X$ép¡.
d¡lºg : dpfu _p¡V$dp„ gukp„ `p_p„ R>¡ A¡V$g¡ L„$C b^p rcëgy `Z _½$u \C Nep R>¡.
kpl¡b ¼gpkdp„ _\u bsphsp. `Z b^p„ sdpfu hpV$ Sy>A¡ R>¡.
dpfp Anf kpfp R>¡ A“¡ _p¡V$dp„ lº„
d¡lºg : Å¡ _¡ kp¡_y. sy„ S> L$l¡ A¡_¡, Ap
dpfu hps kdS>sp¡ S> _\u.

18

kp¡_g : L¡$d iy„ ’ey„ ? lpqv$®L$ : sp¡ sp¡ hpf¡ OX$uA¡ MqX$epdp„ bp¡ýep
S> L$fhy„ `X¡$ !
d¡lºg : A¡ d_¡ L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$ dpfu _p¡V$dp„ `p_p„
gukp„ R>¡ A¡V$g¡ dpfp Anf kfk Aph¡ Aifa : lpõsp¡, `Z A¡_p\u gMpZ blº S>
R>¡ A¡hy„ s¡ L„$C lp¡sy„ li¡ ? kfk Aph¡.

kp¡_g : _p epf, A¡hy„ sp¡ _ lp¡e. Å¡ _¡, ^hg : A¡_p L$fsp„ Ap`Zu bp¸g`¡_ kpfu.
dpfp `à`p dpfp dpV¡$ dp¢Ou dp¢Ou _p¡V$ _rl iplu cfhp_u dp\pL|$V$ L¡$ _p
¼ep„ gph¡ R>¡ ? lp\ N„v$p \pe. fuqag Mgpk \pe
A¡V$g¡ bv$gu L$pY$hp_u... bk.
lpqv$®L$ : dpfp `à`p_¡ sp¡ L$lº„ Ry>„ sp¡e _\u
gphsp. kp¡_g : `Z A¡_p\u sp¡ Anf N„v$p Aph¡ !

fp^p : A¡hu b^u sp¡ `à`p_¡ Mbf `X¡$ S> d¡lºg : dpfp Anf sp¡ bp¸g`¡_\u `Z kpfp
_¡ ! S>¡ Ap`Zp L$pd_y„ lp¡e A¡ dp¢O„y Aph¡ R>¡.
lp¡e sp¡ `Z gph¡ A“¡ L$pd_y„ _p lp¡e
sp¡ _p `Z gph¡; A¡dp„ iy„ ? lpqv$®L$ : spfp Anf sp¡ Apd `Z kfk R>¡.
lº„ sp¡ `¡[Þkg\u gMy„ L¡$ bp¸g`¡_\u
lpqv$®L$ : `Z, A¡V$g¡ sp¡ dpfp Anf kpfp _\u - Anf kpfp Aphsp S> _\u.
Aphsp.
fp^p : A¡_p¡ A\® A¡ S> L¡$ `¡[Þkg -
kp¡_g : A¡hy„ L$iy„ _rl. dpfp Anf sp¡ Nd¡ bp¸g`¡_ - S>¡ aphsy„ lp¡e A¡_p\u
s¡_p `f gMy„ `Z kfk Aph¡ R>¡. gMhp_y„. Anf kpfp lp¡e sp¡ Nd¡
s¡_p\u gMp¡ Anf kpfp S> Aph¡ A_¡
fp^p : A¡ sp¡ sy„ kfk, kpfu bp¸g`¡_\u gM¡ Mfpb lp¡e sp¡ Mfpb.
R>¡, A¡_p gu^¡.
lpqv$®L$ : `Z Mfpb Anf_¡ gu^¡ L¡$V$gu sL$gua
^hg : `Z spfp `à`p sp¡ L$l¡sp lsp L¡$ \pe R>¡ !
spfp Anf blº N„v$p R>¡.
^hg : L¡$d ?
Aifa : dpfp Aåby sp¡ A¡d S> L$l¡ L¡$ L$gd\u
gMuA¡ sp¡ S> Anf kfk Aph¡. lpqv$®L$ : dpfp kpl¡b L$l¡sp lsp L¡$ dpfp Anf
Mfpb R>¡ A¡V$g¡ dpfp dpL®$k¹ L$`pC
d¡lºg : Ap L$gd hmu iy„ R>¡ ? Åe R>¡. lº„ iy„ gMy„ Ry>„ s¡ S> s¡d_¡
Mbf `X$su _\u.
Aifa : A¡L$ Ås_u `¡_ S> L$l¡hpe.
fp^p : Af¡, A¡_p gu^¡ sp¡ L¡$hu
^hg : A¡dp„ iplu L¡$ fuqag L¡$hu fus¡ NfbX$ \su lp¡e R>¡ ! dpfu
cfpe ? dçdu blpfNpd NC Ðepf¡ dpfp„
ap¡CA¡ dpfu dp¡V$u bl¡__¡ L$pNmdp„
Aifa : L$gddp„ fuqag _p _„Mpe A_¡ A¡dp„ g¿ey„ "dpV$gy„ bfpbf kpa L$fÅ¡,
iplu `Z _rl cfhp_u. Ap¡V$gp bfpbf hpmÅ¡' A_¡ Ad_¡
A¡hy„ h„Qpey„ "QpV$gy„ bfpbf kpa
^hg-lpqv$®L$ : sp¡ `R>u ? L$fÅ¡, Qp¡V$gp¡ bfpbf hpmÅ¡.'

Aifa : L$gd_¡ v$hpsdp„ A¡V$g¡ L¡$ MqX$epdp„
bp¡mhp_u A_¡ A¡_p\u gMhp_y„.

19

s¡ dpfu bl¡_ sp¡ rbQpfu fp¡S> fp¡S> `p\fu_¡ kfk hmp„L$hpmp Anf gMu_¡
QpV$gp kpa L$ep® L$f¡ A_¡ V|„$L$p dpV$u_¡ k|L$php v$¡sp. A_¡ `R>u A¡
hpmdp„ Qp¡V$gp¡ hpmhp_u L$p¡rii L$ep® Anf_u A„v$f g¿ep L$fhp_y„ ; `Z
L$f¡. rbQpfu A¡hu L„$V$pmu NC lh¡ ApS>_p S>dp_pdp„ L$p¡Z Aphy„ b^y„
L¡$ hps _rl. L$f¡ ?

Aifa : Mbf `X$u Ðepf¡ blº lõep„ lip¡, ^hg : `Z Ap`Z¡ _p_p lsp _¡ kyg¡M__u
_rl? _p¡V$dp„ gMsp lsp A¡hu fus¡ sp¡
gMpe _¡!
fp^p : lpõsp¡, `Z L$p¡C hpf Ap¡X$_y„ Qp¡X$
h¡sfpC Åe sp¡ ? Aifa : dpfp¡ cpC _p_p¡ lsp¡ Ðepf¡ dpfp
AåbyA¡ blº rQÓp¡ v$p¡fph¡gp„. L$v$pQ
lpqv$®L$ : d¢ A¡L$hpf kp„cþey„ lsy„ L¡$ A¡L$ S>Z¡ A¡_p\u Anf_p hmp„L$ kfk ’sp li¡
NpdX¡$ L$pNmdp„ g¿ey„ L¡$ "Y$p¡f_¡ bfpbf sy„ `Z hsy®m-A^®hsy®mhpmp„, Ecu-
QpfÅ¡.' A“¡ Ðep„ A¡hy„ h„Qpey„ L¡$ Y$p¡f“¡ ApX$u-Óp„ku guV$uhpmp„ rQÓp¡ v$p¡fu Å¡
bfpbf dpfÅ¡.' s¡ A¡dp„ rbQpfp„ Y$p¡f _¡ !
dpf MpC-MpC_¡ A^d|Ap \C Nep„.
lpqv$®L$ : Af¡, lº„ sp¡ A¡L$qX$ep bNqX$ep_u S>¡d
d¡lºg : A¡V$gp dpV¡$ sp¡ Np„^uÆA¡ L$üy„ R>¡ L¡$ Anf O|„V$hp `Z s¥epf Ry>„. L„$CL$ sp¡
Mfpb Anfp¡ A¡ A^|fu L¡$mhZu_u L$fhy„ S> `X$i¡ _¡ ! N„v$p Anf_u sp¡
r_ip_u R>¡. d_¡ blº ifd Aph¡ R>¡ !

lpqv$®L$ : `Z N„v$p Anf ky^pfhp lp¡e sp¡ iy„ d¡lºg : ^ufS> fpMu_¡ kss âeÐ_ L$fui sp¡
L$fhp_y„ ? Qp¡½$k kam \Ci !

kp¡_g : dpfp„ v$pv$u A¡hy„ L$l¡sp„ lsp„ L¡$ khpf¡ kp¡_g : lh¡ hpsp¡_p„ hX$p„ S> L$fhp„ R>¡ L¡$
hl¡gp EW$u_¡ W„$X$p `pZudp„ lp\ _pMu fdhpe¡ S>hy„ R>¡ ? d¡lºg, lpqv$®L$,
v$¡hp_p A_¡ lp\ W$fu Åe `R>u A¡hp fp^p, ^hg, Aifa : lp... Qpgp¡...
lp\¡ ^ud¡ ^ud¡ kfk fus¡ gMhp_y„. Qpgp¡... S>gv$u L$fp¡. `R>u A„^pfy„ \C
S>i¡.
fp^p : dpfp v$pv$p A¡hy„ L$l¡sp L¡$ A¡d_p - t`L$u ipl
S>dp_pdp„ `pV$gu `f cu_u dpV$u

t õhpÝepe t

k. 1 “uQ¡“p iåv$p¡ dpV¡$ `pW$dp„ h‘fpe¡gp iåv$ ip¡^p¡. gdZpT]L$ - .......................
1) kp\u - .................... 2) v$`®Z - .......................
3) Np¡V$pmp¡ - .................... 4) `iy - .......................
5) âeÐ_ - .................... 6) dfp¡X$ - .......................
7) spgud - .................... 8)

20

k. 2 A’® bv$gpe “rl s¡ fus¡ hp¼e“y„ ê$‘p„sf L$fp¡.

1) cpjZ V|„$Ly„$ lp¡e sp¡ kp„cm“pf L„$V$pm¡ “rl.

2) NV$f“y„ ‘pZu N„vy$„ lp¡e R>¡.
3) kp¡e AZuv$pf lp¡e sp¡ L$‘X$p„ kuhu iL$pe.
4) ApS>¡ L$p¡C hõsy kp¢Ou dmsu “’u.

k. 3 "ApZ' gNpX$u _hp¡ iåv$ b_php¡. s¡_p¡ hp¼edp„ D`ep¡N L$fp¡.
v$p.s. gMhy„ - gMpZ

d_¡ Q„`L$dp„ Aphsy„ gMpZ hp„Qhy„ Nd¡ R>¡.

1) v$pbhy„$ 2) M¢Qhy„ 3) ^p¡hy„
4) cp„Nhy„$ 5) _uQy„ 6) `p¡gy„

k. 4 A¡L$S> iåv$_p Sy>v$pSy>v$p k„v$c£ \sp A\® gMp¡.
v$p.s. hpm - L¡$i A_¡ hpm - hpmhp_u qL$ep

1) cf$ 2) Mf 3) rhi¡j
4) hpX$u 5) fpN 6) dpg

k. 5 ê$qY$âep¡N A_¡ s¡_p A\®_u Å¡X$u b_php¡.

1) Ap¡X$_y„ Qp¡X$ \hy„ A) _L$pdu hpsp¡ L$fhu
2) A^d|D \hy„ Ap) \pL$u S>hy„

3) hpsp¡_p„ hX$p„ L$fhp„ B) kph K^y$ L¡$ rhrQÓ \hy„
4) L„$V$pmu Ähy„ C) _L$pdu fL$TL$ L$fhu

5) dp\pL|$V$ L$fhu D) AX$^p df¡gp S>¡hp \hy„

k. 6 Np„^uÆ rhi¡ AÐepf ky^udp„ S>¡ iuMu Nep R>p¡ s¡_p Ap^pf¡ v$f¡L$ S>Z Qpf-`p„Q hp¼ep¡
L$lp¡.

k. 7 ep¡Áe rhL$ë` `k„v$ L$fu_¡ _uQ¡_p„ rh^p_ `|Z® L$fp¡.

1) kpl¡b d¡lºg_u _p¡V$ ¼gpkdp„ b^p_¡ bsphsp L$pfZ L¡$ ...
L$) s¡_p Anf kpfp “lp¡sp.
M) s¡“y„ gMpZ kpfy„ lsy„.
N) s¡_p Anf kpfp lsp A_¡ s¡ R>¡L$R>pL$ L$fsp¡ _lp¡sp¡.

2) _p¡V$_p„ `p_p„ gukp„ lp¡e sp¡ ...
L$) Anf kpfp S> Aph¡.
M) Anf kpfp S> Aph¡ A¡hy„ _ lp¡e.
N) Anf Nd¡ A¡hp Aph¡.

21

3) fp^p“p ds¡ kp¡“g“p Anf kpfp Aph¡ R>¡, L$pfZ L¡$...........
L$) s¡ kpfu fus¡ gM¡ R>¡.
M) s¡ kpfu ‘¡[Þkg’u gM¡ R>¡.
N) s¡ kpfu bp¸g‘¡“’u gM¡ R>¡.
4) Np„^uÆA¡ Anfp¡ rhi¡ L$üy„ lsy„ L¡$................
L$) ky„v$f Anfp¡ ìe[¼sÐh r“Mpf¡ R>¡.
M) Mfpb Anf ìe[¼sÐh“¡ bNpX¡$ R>¡.
N) Mfpb Anfp¡ A¡ A^|fu$ L¡$mhZu“u r“ip“u R>¡.
5) rdÓp¡ hÃQ¡ QQp® ’su lsu L¡$ ....
L$) hpsp¡“p„ hX$p„ L¡$hu fus¡ L$fhp„ ?
M) N„v$p Anf L¡$hu fus¡ ky^pfhp ?
N) fdsp¡ L¡$hu fus¡ fdhu ?
6) Anf Mfpb lp¡e sp¡ ...
L$) `funpdp„ dpL®$k¹$ L$`pC Åe R>¡.
M) L$p¡C `Z hp„Qu iL¡$ _rl.
N) kpfp¡ âcph `pX$u iL$pe _rl.

k. 8 Mp¡V$p„ hp¼ep¡ ky^pfu_¡ afu\u gMp¡.
1) _p¡V$byL$_p„ `p_p„ kpfp„ lp¡e sp¡ kpfp Anf Aph¡.
2) bp¸g`¡_\u gMuA¡ sp¡ Anf kpfp Aph¡.
3) L$gd_¡ MqX$epdp„ cf¡gu ipludp„ bp¡mhu `X¡$.
4) Mfpb Anf lp¡e sp¡ NfbX$ Ecu \pe R>¡.

k.9 _uQ¡_p„ hp¼ep¡ L$p¡Z bp¡g¡ R>¡ ? L$p¡_¡ L$l¡ R>¡ ?
1) "N„v$p Anf_u d_¡ sp¡ blº ifd Aph¡ R>¡ !'
2) "Af¡ A¡_p gu^¡ sp¡ L¡$hu NfbX$ \su lp¡e R>¡ !'
3) "L¡$d iy„ \ey„ ?'

k.10 ep¡Áe rhfpdrQŒp¡ d|L$p¡.
1) Ap L$gd hmu iy„ R>¡
2) dpV$gy„ bfpbf kpa L$fÅ¡ Ap¡V$gp¡ bfpbf hpmÅ¡
3) sy„ `Z hsy®mhpmp„ A^®hsy®mhpmp„ ApX$u Ecu Óp„ku guV$uhpmp„ rQÓp¡ v$p¡fu Å¡ _¡

k.11 q¾$ep`v$_p ^psy_¡ "hp_y„' gNphu L©$v$„s_y„ ê$` b_php¡.
v$p.s. gMhy„ - gMhp_y„
1) L$pY$hy„ 2) bp¡mhy„ 3) hpmhy„ 4) v$¡hy„ 5) L$fhy„ 6) `|R>hy„

22

k.12 Mfpb Anf_¡ L$pfZ¡ Ecu \su NfbX$ L¡$ fd|S> hZ®hp¡.
v$p.s. Npe_¡ QpfÅ¡ - Npe_¡ dpfÅ¡
1) d¢ sd_¡ dfhp bp¡gpìep. sd¡ dfhp Apìep _rl.
("f' _¡ bv$g¡ "m' d|L$u_¡ hp¼ep¡ afu gMp¡.)
2) kbL$p¡ kÞdrs v$¡ cNhp_. ("k' _¡ bv$g¡ "i' d|L$u hp¼e b_phu_¡ hp„Qp¡.)
3) MpCMpC“¡ ÅX$p ’C Nep. (">S' _u S>ÁepA¡ "T' d|L$u hpQ„hp\u L¡$hu NfbX$ \pe.)
4) X$p¡kpA¡ Ap`¡gu kgpl Ad|ëe lsu. ("X$p¡' _u S>ÁepA¡ "Y$p¡' d|L$u hp„QuA¡ sp¡ ?)

k. 13 "`¡_ A_¡ _p¡V$byL$ kpfp lp¡e sp¡ Anf kpfp Aph¡ :
sdpfy„ iy„ dp_hy„ R>¡ ? 4\u 5 hp¼ep¡dp„ gMp¡.

t âL$ë‘ t

t ky„v$fg¡M_, õhs„Óg¡M_ A_¡ îysg¡M_ - Ap ÓZ¡e rhi¡ A¡L$-A¡L$ `p_p„“p¡ QpV®$ L$fp¡.
îysg¡M_ dpV¡$_p¡ `qfÃR>¡v$ sdpfp hN®rinL$ `k„v$ L$fi¡ A_¡ bp¡gu_¡ sd_¡ gMphi¡.

lº„ hp„Qy„ .... sd¡ ‘Z hp„Qp¡$

L¡$guN°pau - A¡L$ L$gp

rdÓp¡, OZp„ rhÛp\}Ap¡_¡ L¡$guN°pau iuMsp sd¡ kp„cþey„ li¡. L$v$pQ s¡ kp„cmu_¡
A_¡ Å¡C_¡ sd¡ "Af¡ hpl !' A\hp sp¡ "L¡$V$gy„ kfk !' L¡$ `R>u "hpD' A¡d bp¡gu
Nep lip¡ Mfy„ _¡ ? `Z sd¡ s¡_p rhi¡ L„$C ÅZp¡ R>p¡ Mfp„ ?

L¡$guN°pau A¡V$g¡ iy„ ?

L¡$guN°pau A¡V$g¡ k„yv$fg¡M_. Ap L$gp_u ip¡^ v$kdu kv$udp„ \C lsu A_¡ kdep„sf¡

s¡dp„ `qfhs®_ \sy„ füy„ R>¡. s¡_p âL$pf _uQ¡ âdpZ¡ R>¡.

1) `pòpÐe L¡$guN°pau 2) `|h® A¡riepC L¡$guN°pau

3) v$rnZ A¡riepC L¡$guN°pau 4) BõgprdL$ L¡$guN°pau

L¡$guN°pau iuMhp iy„ iy„ Å¡CA¡ ?

1) X²$p¡INbyL$ 2) N°pa `¡`f 3) L¡$guN°pau_u `¡_
4) b°i
5) kpfp âL$pf_u iplu

23

s¡_p¡ D`ep¡N ip¡ ?

Ap L$gp_p¡ D`ep¡N kS>®_pÐdL$ L$gpdp„ \pe R>¡. v$p.s. `yõsL$_u X$uTpC_, rQŒp¡,
âsuL$p¡, dyÖpg¡M, gÁ_`rÓL$p, Apd„ÓZ`rÓL$p, S>Þdqv$hk L¡$ A¡hp âk„Np¡_p Arc_„v$_ L$pX®$,
hN¡f¡ b_phhpdp„ \pe R>¡. sdpfp k„NZL$dp„ D`ep¡Nu "ap¡ÞV$' A¡ L¡$guN°pau S> R>¡.

L¡$guN°pau\u \sp apev$p

1) Ap L$gp Arcìe[¼s_y„ âcphipmu dpÝed R>¡.
2) kS>®_i[¼s_p¡ rhL$pk L$f¡ R>¡.
3) Ap`Zpdp„ ip„rs, õhõ\sp A_¡ A¡L$pN°sp_p NyZp¡ Mugh¡ R>¡.
4) kp¦v$e®×rô$ rhL$k¡ R>¡.
sp¡ rdÓp¡ S>ê$f\u Ap L$gp sd¡ `Z iuMÅ¡ lp¢ ! iuMip¡ _¡ ?

t AÝep‘“ k„L¡$s t

Ap L©$rs_y„ AÝep`_ L$fphsp `l¡gp„ ky„v$f Anf_y„ dlÒh kdÅhhy„. hN®dp„ S>¡d_p Anf ky„v$f lp¡e
s¡ rhÛp\}Ap¡_p _pd_p¡ Dëg¡M L$fhp¡. S>¡d_p Anf kpfp _ lp¡e s¡d_¡ `pW$_p AÝee_ `l¡gp„
S> kL$pfpÐdL$ fus¡ â¡fZp Ap`hu. `pW$_p AÝee_ `R>u kyg¡M_ õ`^p®_y„ Apep¡S>_ L$fhy„. ky„v$f
Anf dpV¡$ AphíeL$ bpbsp¡_y„ âpÐernL$ rinL¡$ `p¡s¡ L$pmp `pqV$ep D`f L$fu bsphhy„. L¡$guN°pau
iuMhp dpV¡$ â¡fZp Ap`hu.

lõspnf A¡ "õh' _u Ap¡mM R>¡.

24

t D`¾$d t

A) t d_¡ Ap¡mMp¡.

1) kÐehpv$u `p„X$h -
2) HÖ_¡ L$hQLy„$X$m v$p_dp„ Ap`_pf -
3) gh A_¡ Ly$i_u dpsp -
4) NZ`rs_u bl¡_ -
5) L©$óZ-kyv$pdp_p Nyfy -
6) d„v$p¡v$fu_p `rs -
7) kìekpQu `p„X$h -
8) dlpcpfs_p fQresp -
9) kÐehpv$u fpÅ -
10) NZ`rs_p cpC -
11) edfpÅ `pk¡\u d©s `rs_¡ `pR>u gph_pf õÓu -
12) dlpcpfs gM_pf grlep -
13) Nyfyv$rnZpdp„ S>dZp¡ A„N|W$p¡ L$p`u Ap`_pf -
14) rÓL$pmop_u `p„X$h -
15) lp¡mu_p A[Á_dp„\u l¡dM¡d ENfu S>_pf bpmL$ -
16) fpd_¡ A¡W$p„ bp¡f MhX$ph_pf cugX$u -
17) DÑf qv$ip_p¡ ArhQm spfp¡ -
18) fpdk¡sy bp„^hpdp„ D`ep¡Nu _p_y„ âpZu -
19) Ly„$cL$Z®_u bl¡_ -
20) `p„X$hp¡ A_¡ L$p¥fhp¡_p r`spdl -

b) t f¡Mp„qL$s iåv$ DÑf Aph¡ s¡hu fus¡ âñ b_php¡.
âñ b_phhp L$p¦kdp„_p iåv$p¡_p¡ D`ep¡N L$fp¡.

1) Th¡fQ„v$ d¡OpZu_¡ fpô²$ue ipef_y„ rbfyv$ dþey„ R>¡.

2) AÐepf ky^udp„ `fdhufQ¾$ a¼s 21 S>Z_¡ dþep R>¡.

3) `u.hu.tk^yA¡ C.k. 2016 Ap¡rg[ç‘L$dp„ â\d fS>sQ„ÖL$ d¡mìep¡.

4) rhð `ep®hfZ qv$_ 5 S|>_¡ Aph¡ R>¡.

5) v$f `p„Q hj£ gp¡L$kcp_u Q|„V$Zu \pe R>¡.

6) _ftkl dl¡sp, dufp„bpC A_¡ AMp¡ dÝeeyN_p L$rh R>¡.

7) v$f¡L$ ìe[¼s ApÐdrhðpk ^fphsu lp¡hu Å¡CA¡.

8) Ap„sffpóV²$ue drlgp qv$hk C.k. 1975\u DS>hpe R>¡.

9) Mp„X$ A_¡ Np¡m i¡fX$udp„\u b_¡ R>¡.

10) Ad¡ ipmpdp„ bkdp„ AphuA¡ R>uA¡.

(i¡_y„, L¡$hu fus¡, L¡$V$gp„, i¡dp„\u, L$p¡Z¡, ¼epf\u, ¼epf¡, L¡$hu, L¡$V$gp, L$p¡Z L$p¡Z)

25

5. lp¡ f„Nfrkep

t Qpgp¡ fpk fduA¡.

lp¡ f„Nfrkep ! L$ep„ fdu Apìep fpk Å¡ ?
Ap„MgX$u fpsu _¡ DÅNfp¡ L$ep„ f¡ L$u^p¡ ...

ApS> Ad¡ Áep'sp kp¡_uX$p_¡ lpV$ Å¡, (2)
Ap TpgT|dZp hlp¡fsp„ _¡,
hlpZgp„ hplu Nep„ ... lp¡ f„N ...
ApS> Ad¡ Áep'sp drZepfp_¡ lpV$ Å¡, (2)
Ap Q|X$gX$p¡ Dsfphsp„
hlpZgp„ hplu Nep„ ... lp¡ f„N ...
ApS> Ad¡ Áep'sp L$ky„bu_¡ lpV$ Å¡ (2)
Ap Q|„v$gX$u hlp¡fsp„ _¡,
hlpZgp„ hplu Nep„ ... lp¡ f„N ...
ApS> Ad¡ Áep'sp dp¡QuX$p_¡ lpV$ Å¡ (2)
Ap dp¡S>qX$ey„ d|ghsp„ _¡
hlpZgp„ hplu Nep„ ... lp¡ f„N ...

gp¡L$Nus

26

t õhpÝepe t

k. 1 “uQ¡“p iåv$p¡ dpV¡$ L$rhspdp„ h`fpe¡gp iåvp¡ ip¡^p¡. - .......................
1) Qny - ...................... 2) gpg - .......................
3) gV$L$rZey„- ...................... 4) ÅNfZ - .......................
5) vy$L$p_ - ...................... 6) QyX$Nf - .......................
7) Ap¡Y$Zu - ...................... 8) `fp¡qY$ey„

k. 2 _uQ¡_p iåv$p¡_¡ iåv$L$p¡i_p ¾$ddp„ Np¡W$hp¡.
Ap„MgX$u, DÅNfp¡, T|dZp„, drZepfp¡, hlpZgp„, ApS>, fpk, dp¡S>qX$ey„

k. 3 _d|_p âdpZ¡ iåv$ gMp¡. v$p.s. Ap„M - Ap„MgX$u
1) fps 2) hpv$m 3) _]v$f 4) hps 5) Q„|v$X$u 6) hp„kmu

k. 4 iy„ L$l¡ip¡ ? S>hpb L$p¦kdp„’u ‘k„v$ L$fp¡. (drZepfp¡, ÅNfZ, hlp¡fhy„, fpk)
1) ApMu fps DÅNfp¡ L$fuA¡ s¡“¡ -
2) bÅfdp„’u Mfuv$hy„ s¡“¡ -
3) õÓu-‘yfyjp¡ v$p„qX$ep’u Np¡m afu“¡ fd¡ s¡“¡ -
4) Q|X$gp Dspf¡ s¡ L$pfuNf“¡ -

t sdpfp `qfkfdp„ DS>hpsp _hfprÓ_p DÐkh rhi¡ hps L$fp¡.

t sd_¡ Ndsy„ L$p¡C `Z A¡L$ gp¡L$Nus A\hp Nfbp¡ NpC k„cmphp¡.

k. 5 _uQ¡_u `„[¼sAp¡_¡ ep¡Áe ¾$ddp„ Np¡W$hp¡.
1) Ap dp¡S>qX$ey„ d|ghsp„ _¡ ...
2) Ap TpgT|dZp„ hlp¡fsp„ _¡ ...
3) ApS> Ad¡ Áep'sp L$ky„bu_¡ lpV$ Å¡ ...
4) Ap Q|X$gX$p¡ Dsfphsp„ hlpZgp„ hplu Nep ...

k. 6 kdÆ“¡ gMuA¡.
1) hMs husu Nep¡ A¡d v$ip®hsu `„[¼s -
2) f„NfrkepA¡ dp¡Qu_u vy$L$p_¡\u MfuÛy„ -
3) Tpg-T|dZp„ Ap_u vy$L$p_¡\u Mfuv$pe R>¡ -
4) Q|„v$X$u Ap_u vy$L$p_¡ dm¡ R>¡ -

27

k. 7 ep¡Áe iåv$ gMp¡.
1) kp¡_uX$p¡ ----
2) drZepfp¡ ----
3) L$ky„bu ----
4) dp¡QuX$p¡ ----

k. 8 ep¡Áe rhL$ë` `k„v$ L$fp¡.
1) f„Nfrkep ............ fdu_¡ Apìep R>¡.
L$) Nfbp¡ M) fpk N) q¾$L¡$V$
2) Q|X$gp¡ ........... b_phsp¡ lsp¡.
L$) dp¡Qu M) kp¡_u N) drZepfp¡
3) DÅNfp¡ L$fhp\u Ap„M ........ \C NC.
L$) gpg M) `umu N) dp¡V$u

k. 9 _d|_p âdpZ¡ gMp¡. `R>u s¡_y„ crhóeL$pm_y„ ê$` gMp¡.

v$p.s. Áep'sp - Nep lsp S>i¡

1) gpìep'sp - ....... ....... .........
2) Apìep'sp - ....... ....... .........
3) ÅÎep'sp - ....... ....... .........
4) dpÎep'sp - ....... ....... .........
5) S>çep'sp - ....... ....... .........

t Ap L$rhsp_p¡ kpf V|„$L$dp„ sdpfp iåv$p¡dp„ gMp¡.

t âL$ë‘ t

t 5 \u 7 gp¡L$Nusp¡ V$lºL$p¡ X$p¡V$ L$p¡d_u h¡bkpCV$ D`f\u d¡mhu_¡ gp¡L$Nusp¡_p¡ A¡L$ _p_L$X$p¡
k„N°l s¥epf L$fp¡.

lº„ hp„Qy„ .... sd¡ ‘Z hp„Qp¡$

L¡$kqfep¡ f„N

L¡$kqfep¡ f„N s_¡ gpÁep¡ Aëep Nfbp,
L¡$kqfep¡ f„N s_¡ gpÁep¡ f¡ gp¡g... - V¡$L$
Apkp¡_p _hfprÓ Apìep Aëep Nfbp,
Apkp¡_p _hfprÓ Apìep f¡ gp¡g.

TuZp„ TuZp„ Årmep„ d|L$pìep„ Aëep Nfbp,
TuZp„ TuZp„ Årmep„ d|L$pìep„ f¡ gp¡g.

28

L„$Ly$_p kpr\ep `yfpìep Aëep Nfbp,
L„$Ly$_p kpr\ep `yfpìep f¡ gp¡g.
L$p¡_p L$p¡_p dp\¡ aep£ Aëep Nfbp,
L$p¡_p L$p¡_p dp\¡ aep£ f¡ gp¡g.
_p_u b¡_X$u_p dp\¡ aep£ Aëep Nfbp,
_p_u b¡_X$u_p dp\¡ aep£ f¡ gp¡g.
L¡$kqfep¡ f„N s_¡ gpÁep¡ Aëep Nfbp,
L¡$kqfep¡ f„N s_¡ gpÁep¡ f¡ gp¡g.
O|dsp¡ O|dsp¡ Apìep¡ Aëep Nfbp,
O|dsp¡ O|dsp¡ Apìep¡ f¡ gp¡g.
afsp¡ Apfpkyf Apìep¡ Aëep Nfbp,
afsp¡ Apfpkyf Apìep¡ f¡ gp¡g.
A„bpdpA¡ s_¡ h^pìep¡ Aëep Nfbp,
A„bpdpA¡ s_¡ h^pìep¡ f¡ gp¡g.
L¡$kqfep¡ f„N s_¡ gpÁep¡ Aëep Nfbp,
L¡$kqfep¡ f„N s_¡ gpÁep¡ f¡ gp¡g.

- gp¡L$Nus

t AÝep‘“ k„L¡$s t

iê$Apsdp„ Ap`Zp `pf„`qfL$ gp¡L$_©Ðep¡, gp¡L$Nusp¡ s¡dS> gp¡L$kprlÐe rhi¡ AR>X$sp¡ `qfQe
Ap`hp¡. Nfbp A_¡ fpk hÃQ¡_p¡ saphs kdÅhhp¡. Nfbp¡ dpspÆ_u c[¼s kp\¡ k„L$mpe¡g R>¡
Äepf¡ fpk L©$óZc[¼s kp\¡ k„L$mpe¡g R>¡. v$p„qX$epfpk fdsu hMs¡ `f„`fpNs `„rQep_u fds_p¡
¿epg Ap‘hp¡. hN®dp„ iê$Apsdp„ fpk fdpX$su hMs¡ `„rQep fdpX$hp BÃR>_ue fl¡i¡. `f„`fpNs
v$p„qX$ep A_¡ hs®dp_ `qf[õ\rsdp„ fdpsp v$p„qX$ep_p¡ ¿epg rhÛp\}Ap¡ kp\¡ QQp® L$fsp„ L$fsp„
Ap`hp¡.

Ap`Zu k„õL©$rs A¡ S> Ap`Zp¡ hpfkp¡.

29

6. gp¡lu rh_p_u kNpC

t Qpgp¡ QQp® L$fuA¡.

`p¡sp_p `qfhpfS>_p¡ bpbs - Ofdp„ kp\¡ fl¡sp Ly$Vy„$buS>_p¡ bpbs - Ly$Vy„$buS>_p¡_u Afk`fk
afS> bpbs - dpspr`sp_u k„sp_p¡ âÐe¡_u ddsp - bpmL$p¡_u dpspr`sp sfa_u gpNZu
- Ofdp„ k„`_y„ hpsphfZ Åmhhp S>ê$fu bpbsp¡ - A¡ bpbsp¡_p Acph\u X$lp¡mpC S>sy„
hpsphfZ - hpsphfZ X$lp¡mphp_p„ L$pfZp¡ - Afk`fk vy$cpsu gpNZuAp¡ - `qfZpd.

qL$i_cpC _pd_p A¡L$ M¡X|$s, s¡d_u `Ð_u, v$uL$fpAp¡“p gÁ_ hMs¡ \p¡X$u S>du_ h¡Qhu ‘X$u

A¡L$ `yÓu A_¡ b¡ `yÓp¡ kp\¡ hX$p¡v$fp _ÆL$_p A“¡ DR>u_p `¥kp ‘Z g¡hp ‘X$ép.

A¡L$ _p_L$X$p Npddp„ fl¡sp lsp. ‘rs-`Ð_u lh¡ qL$i_cpC_¡ r_fp„s ’i¡ s¡d b^p„“¡
`p¡sp_p M¡sfdp„ ApL$fu dS|>fu L$fsp. Npd_p gpNsy„ lsy„ ‘Z b^p“u ^pfZp Mp¡V$u `X$u.
hX$ugp¡ Aphu ApL$fu dS|>fu L$fhp bpbs s¡d“¡ b„“¡“u hlºAp¡ TOX$pMp¡f Aphu. s¡’u Ofdp„
V$p¡L$sp Ðepf¡ s¡Ap¡ lku“¡ S>hpb Ap‘sp L¡$, fp¡S>“p¡ L$L$mpV$ iê$ \ep¡. qL$i_cpC Ap„M ApX$p
"v$uL$fpAp¡ cZuNZu_¡ \pm¡ `X¡$ `R>u r_fp„s L$p“ L$fsp ‘Z s¡d“u ‘Гu dpV¡$ A¡ Ópk
S> R>¡ “¡ ! s¡d_¡ kpfy„ crhóe dm¡ A¡V$g¡ Akü b“u Nep¡.
Ap dS|>fu L$fuA¡ R>uA¡.'
A¡L$ qv$hk qL$i_cpC_u `Ð_u_y„ ùv$e
blº dl¡“s ‘R>u qL$i_cpC Apr\®L$ fus¡ AQp_L$ b„^ `X$u Ney„. s¡Ap¡ A¡L$gp \C Nep.
kÝ^f \sp Nep. b„“¡ v$uL$fpAp¡_¡ il¡fdp„ bp¡qX¯$N hlºAp¡ s¡d“u kp’¡ ‘Z L$p¡C_¡ L$p¡C blp“¡
õL|$gdp„ A_¡ v$uL$fu_¡ Npd_u kfL$pfu ipmpdp„ bpMX$ép L$fsu, OZuhpf Mphp ‘Z “ Ap‘su.
cZhp d|¼ep„. v$uL$fu dp¡V$u ’sp„ s¡_¡ kpfy„ Of qL$i“cpC“u v$uL$fu“¡ Äepf¡ Ap hps“u Mbf
A“¡ hf Å¡C_¡ kpkf¡ hmphu. ‘X$u Ðepf¡ s¡ v$p¡X$u“¡ Aphu. r‘sp“¡ ‘p¡sp“p

b„_¡ v$uL$fpAp¡ DÃQ Aæepk `|Z® L$ep® Of¡ Aphhp M|b rh“„su L$fu ‘Z qL$i“cpC

‘R>u il¡f“u A¡L$ _pdp„qL$s Mp_Nu L„$`“udp„ dpÞep “rl. cu“u Ap„M¡ s¡dZ¡ A¡V$gy„ S> L$üy„

KQp `Npf_u _p¡L$fuA¡ gpNu Nep. lh¡ L¡$, ""b¡V$p, Ap Ofdp„ spfu dp“p„ k„cpfZp„ R>¡.

Npdgp¡L$p¡“¡ qL$i_cpC_u Cjp® \hp gpNu s¡Ap¡ d“¡ buS>¡ ¼ep„e “l] aph¡. sy„ dpfu tQsp L$fsu

L$l¡sp L¡$, "lh¡ sp¡ S>gkp R>¡. M¡sfdp„ L$pd “rl.'' v$uL$fuA¡ cpC-cpcuAp¡“¡ kdÅhhp“u

L$fhp“y„ b„^ L$fu v$¡.' ‘Z qL$i“cpC rhQpfsp L$p¡rii L$fu. A„s¡ r“fpi ’C s¡ hugp dp¡Y¡$

L¡$ "A¡L$hpf b„“¡“¡ `fZphu v$J s¡d_p dpV¡$ Of ‘pR>u afu NC.

b_phu v$J `R>u lqfcS>_ L$fui.' dp“rkL$ Ópk A“¡ c|M“p L$pfZ¡ A¡L$

qL$i_cpC_p b„_¡ v$uL$fp_p gÁ_ hMs qL$i_cpC b¡lp¡i ’C Nep. ‘R>u sp¡

_½$u \ep. s¡d“u ‘ГuAp¡“¡ fl¡hpdp„ ANhX$ L„$V$pmu“¡ s¡Ap¡ Of R>p¡X$u“¡ Qpgu “uL$þep. Npd“p

“p ‘X¡$ A“¡ bÞ“¡ v$uL$fp“¡ Agpev$p ê$d dm¡ A¡ ‘pv$f¡ Aph¡gp M„X¡$f S>¡hp bkõV¡$ÞX$dp„ s¡Ap¡

dpV¡$ qL$i“cpCA¡ Æh“cf“u bQsd|X$u L$pQp fl¡hp gpÁep. “püp-^p¡ep rh“p d¡gp„ L$‘X$p„ kp’¡

dL$p““¡ ‘pLy„$ b_phhpdp„ MQ} _p„Mu lsu. s¡’u

30

qv$hkp¡ ky^u ‘X$u fl¡sp. L$p¡C S>dhp“y„ Ap‘¡ sp¡ Nep¡. qL$i“cpC s¡“u a¡¼V$fu“p N¡õV$ lpDkdp„
MpC g¡sp, “rlsf c|¿ep ‘X$u fl¡sp. gp¡L$p¡ fl¡sp A“¡ ^ud¡^ud¡ L$pd ‘Z L$fhp gpÁep. afu
s¡“¡ dpV¡$ L$l¡hp gpÁep L¡$, "qL$ir“ep¡ Np„X$p¡ ’C A¡L$hpf s¡Ap¡ kpdpÞe Æh“ Æhsp ’C Nep.
Nep¡ R>¡.'
Npddp„ hpsp¡ ’hp gpNu s¡’u qL$i“cpC“p
’p¡X$p„ hjp£ ‘l¡gp„ Npd R>p¡X$u“¡ cpNu v$uL$fpAp¡ Aõhõ’ ’hp gpÁep. r‘sp“¡ Of¡ ‘pR>p
Ne¡gp¡ A¡L$ eyhp“ kph®S>r“L$ L$pe®¾$ddp„ lpS>fu gphhp v$p¡X$u Nep A“¡ L$üy„, "sd¡ Ap fus¡
Ap‘hp A¡ S> Npddp„ Apìep¡ lsp¡. s¡Z¡ OZp L$p¡C“u a¡¼V$fudp„ ‘X$ép flp¡ sp¡ Adpfy„ “pL$
k„Oj® ‘R>u “ÆL$“p il¡fdp„ A¡L$ a¡¼V$fu iê$ L$fu L$‘pe.'
lsu. L$p¡CA¡ s¡“¡ qL$i“cpC“u hps L$fu s¡’u s¡
s¡d“¡ dmhp Apìep¡. qL$i“cpC“u lpgs Å¡C“¡ qL$i“cpCA¡ v$uL$fpAp¡“¡ kpa iåv$p¡dp„
s¡ eyhp““y„ ùv$e Öhu EW$éy„. s¡Z¡ s¡d“¡ ‘pZu “p ‘pX$u v$u^u. ‘R>u ‘p¡sp“¡ Apifp¡ Ap‘“pf
‘pey„, MhX$pìey„ A“¡ s¡d“¡ ‘p¡sp“u kp’¡ gC eyhp““¡ c¡V$u“¡ ^°ykL¡$ ^y°kL¡$ fX$u ‘X$ép A“¡
S>hp“u hps L$fu. L$üy„ L¡$, "dpfp kNp v$uL$fpAp¡A¡ d“¡ sfR>p¡X$ép¡
Äepf¡ sy„ ‘pfL$p¡ lp¡hp R>sp„ dpfu dv$v$¡ Apìep¡.'
qL$i_cpC“u Ap„Mp¡ R>gL$pC NC s¡dZ¡ eyhp“¡ L$üy„ L¡$, "sd¡ dp“u gp¡ L¡$ lº„ sdpfp¡
eyhp““¡ L$üy„ L¡$, "lº„ das“p fp¡V$gp “rl MpC v$uL$fp¡ S> Ry>„.'
iLy„$. d“¡ L$pd Ap‘S>¡. A¡ ifs¡ S> spfu kp’¡
Aphy„.' qL$i“cpC“u Mydpfu lÆ AL$b„^ lsu. qL$i“cpC Nv¹$Nv¹$ ’C Nep A“¡ L$üy„ L¡$,
"b¡V$p, dpf¡ spfu dpau dpNhu R>¡.' eyhp_¡ L$pfZ
Npd“p gp¡L$p¡A¡ eyhp““¡ “p ‘pX$u. ‘Z ‘|R>sp„ S>hpbdp„ L$üy„ L¡$, "sy„ Of R>p¡X$u cpNu
‘¡gp¡ eyhp“ sp¡ Npdgp¡L$p¡“u hZdpNu kgpl Nep¡ Ðepf¡ lº„ bp¡ëep¡ lsp¡ L¡$, "L$p¡C ‘V$phpmp
AhNZu“¡ qL$i“cpC“¡ ‘p¡sp“u kp’¡ gC S> sfuL¡$ ‘Z s“¡ “p¡L$fu “rl Ap‘¡. ApS>¡ lº„

31

spfu a¡¼V$fudp„ “p¡L$fu L$fy„ Ry>„.' lp¡sp„ “’u ! ApS>¡ sd“¡ v$uL$fp¡ dmu Nep¡
eyhp_¡ L$üy„, "Myv$ dpfp r`sp_¡ `Z dpfp A“¡ d“¡ bp‘p.

D`f rhðpk _lp¡sp¡. ApMp Npd“¡ ‘Z “lp¡sp¡ kNp v$uL$fpAp¡A¡ gp¡lu_u kNpC c|gu
s¡’u sd¡ bp¡ëep s¡“u dpau dp„Nhp“u S>ê$f qL$i“cpC“u tS>v$Nu bfbpv$ L$fu, `Z gp¡lu
“’u.' rh_p_u kNpCA¡ A¡V$g¡ L¡$ eyhp“¡ s¡d_¡
_hÆh_ Apàey„.
OZuhpf A¡hy„ b“sy„ lp¡e R>¡ L¡$ b^p„ kNp„
hlpgp„ lp¡sp„ “’u A“¡ hlpgp„ lp¡e A¡ kNp„ - Apiy `V¡$g

t õhpÝepe t

k. 1 “uQ¡“p iåv$p¡ dpV¡$ ‘pW$dp„ h`fpe¡gp iåvp¡$ ip¡^p¡. õhprcdp“ - .......................
1) kMs - ...................... 2) b¡Q¡“ - .......................
3) â¿eps - ...................... 4) ‘qf[õ’rs - .......................
5) L$rS>ep - ...................... 6) Adp“s - .......................
7) d|X$u - ...................... 8)

k. 2 A’® bv$ëep hNf “uQ¡“p„ hp¼ep¡“¡ lL$pfpÐdL$ b“php¡.
1) fp¡Nu ifufdp„ d“ õhõ’ fl¡sy„ “’u.$
2) âv|$jZ“u dpÓp NpdX$p„dp„ h^pf¡ lp¡su “’u.
3) cZsf A“¡ k„õL$pf’u Æh“ bfbpv$ ’sy„ “’u.
4) Npd“p L|$hpAp¡ ìe[¼sNs lp¡sp “’u.
5) rihpÆ ‘p¡sp“p kp’uAp¡ D‘f Arhðpk fpMsp “lp¡sp.

k. 3 ê$qY$âep¡Np¡ A“¡ s¡“p A’®“¡ ep¡Áe fus¡ Å¡X$p¡.

A) ê$qY$âep¡Np¡ A’®
1) ’pm¡ ‘X$hy„ A) h^y Mfpb [õ’rsdp„ d|L$phy„
2) Ap„M ApX$p L$p“ L$fhp Ap) r“fpi ’C ‘pR>p afhy„
3) hugp dp¡Y¡$ ‘pRy>„ afhy„ B) Ýep“ “ Ap‘hy„
4) Dgdp„’u Q|gdp„ ‘X$hy„ C) ìeh[õ’s fus¡ Np¡W$hpC S>hy„

b) 1) aV$L$p¡ ‘X$hp¡ A) v$ep D‘S>hu
2) “pL$ L$‘phy„ Ap) dpÞesp Mp¡V$u ‘X$hu
3) ùv$e Öhu EW$hy„ B) “yL$kp“ ’hy„
4) ^pfZp K^u ‘X$hu C) Apbê$ S>hu

32

k. 4 "hZdpÁey„' A¡V$g¡ dpÁep hNf“y„. “uQ¡“p iåv$p¡“¡ "hZ' gNphu “hp¡ iåv$ b“php¡.
s¡“p¡ hp¼edp„ D‘ep¡N L$fp¡. v$p.s. dpÁey„ - hZdpÁey„
OZp hZdpNu kgpl Ap‘sp lp¡e R>¡.
1) gp¡cu 2) L$üy„ 3) “p¡sey¯

k. 5 A) "L$pm„y'“y„ ep¡Áe ê$‘ d|L$u “hp¡ iåv$ b“pìep ‘R>u s¡“p¡ hp¼edp„ D‘ep¡N L$fp¡.
1) “pÏ„ 2) Qp¡f 3) fps 4) L$pd

b) Dv$plfZ âdpZ¡ â¡fL$ê$‘ b“php¡. v$p.s. hpmhy„ - hmphhy„
1) hp„Qhy„ 2) Ap‘hy„ 3) kp„cmhy„ 4) ÅZhy„

k. 6 ‘¥kp“p rhr“de dpV¡$ Sy>v$p„Sy>v$p„ n¡Ó¡ Sy>v$pSy>v$p iåv$ h‘fpe R>¡.
S>¡d L¡$ “p¡L$fu“p dl¡“spZp ê$‘¡ A‘psp ‘¥kp“¡ "‘Npf' L$l¡ R>¡.

“uQ¡“p„ hp¼ep¡“¡ Ýep“dp„ fpMu L$p¦kdp„“p iåv$p¡dp„’u ep¡Áe iåv$ Mpgu S>Áepdp„ gMp¡.
(“ap¡, au, Qp„v$gp¡, ghpS>d, ìepS>, v$„X$)
1) ipmp, L$p¸g¡S>dp„ cfhpdp„ Aphsp ‘¥kp ................
2) hs®dp“‘Ó, kpdpreL$ r“erds d¡mhhp A‘psp ‘¥kp ...........
3) N¡fL$pev$¡kf L$pe® dpV¡$ kÅê$‘¡ cfpsp ‘¥kp .........................
4) Qp¡½$k dyv$s dpV¡$ fpM¡gu d|X$u ‘f A‘psp ‘¥kp ..................
5) ^„^pdp„ dpg h¡Qpsp dmsp„ fp¡L$pZ L$fsp„ h^pfp“p ‘¥kp ..........
6) iyc âk„N¡ ‘fbuqX$epdp„ d|L$u A‘psp ‘¥kp ..........................

t qL$i“cpC, s¡d“u ‘Гu, ‘yÓu, b¡ v$uL$fp, b¡ hlºAp¡, eyhp“ A“¡ 5’u 6 Npdgp¡L$p¡ S>¡V$gp„ ‘pÓp¡ b“u“¡
Ap ‘pW$“y„ “pV$éuL$fZ hN®dp„ L$fp¡. “pV$L$“p k„hpv$p¡ (Sy>v$p Sy>v$p ‘pÓp¡“p) sdpfp iåv$p¡dp„ s¥epf L$fp¡.

k. 7 ep¡Áe rhL$ë‘ ‘k„v$ L$fu “uQ¡“p„ rh^p“p¡ ‘|Z® L$fp¡.
1) qL$i“cpC A“¡ s¡d“p ‘Гu .......... ApL$fu dS|>fu L$fsp„.

L$) L$pfMp“pdp„ M) a¡¼V$fudp„ N) M¡sfdp„

2) qL$i“cpC“p b„“¡ v$uL$fp .......... L„$‘“udp„ KQp ‘Npf“u “p¡L$fuA¡ gpNu Nep.

L$) Mp“Nu M) kfL$pfu N) klL$pfu
3) ‘p¡sp“u.................R>p¡X$u v$uL$fu“p O¡f S>hy„ qL$i“cpCA¡ “L$pey¯.

L$) tQsp M) Mydpfu N) “p¡L$fu
4) $vuL$fpAp¡“u hlºAp¡ .................. lsu.

L$) TOX$pMp¡f M) dl¡“sy N) Apr’®L$ fus¡ kÙf
5) S>hpbv$pfu ‘|fu L$ep® ‘R>u qL$i“cpC“¡ .......... L$fhp“u BÃR>p lsu.

L$) epÓp M) L$’p N) lqfcS>“
6) qL$i“cpCA¡ ‘pLy„$ dL$p“ b“phhpdp„ Æh“cf“u ....... MQ} “p„Mu.

L$) L$dpZu M) bQs N) rdgL$s

33

k. 8 L$pfZ gMp¡.
1) Npdgp¡L$p¡“u ^pfZp K^u ‘X$u. L$pfZ L¡$ ......................
2) TOX$p kpd¡ qL$i“cpC Ap„M ApX$p L$p“ L$fsp L$pfZ L¡$ .....................
3) qL$i“cpC Of R>p¡X$u“¡ “uL$mu Nep. L$pfZ L¡$ ........................
4) ‘p¡sp“¡ Apifp¡ Ap‘“pf eyhp““¡ c¡V$u“¡ qL$i“cpC ^°|kL¡$ ^°|kL¡$ fX$u ‘X$ép.
L$pfZ L¡$ .......................
5) Npdgp¡L$p¡ qL$i“cpC“u Bóep® L$fsp„. L$pfZ L¡$.......................

k. 9 ""gp¡lu“u kNpCA¡ qS>„v$Nu bfbpv$ L$fu ‘Z gp¡lu rh“p“u kNpCA¡ “hÆh“ Apàey„''
õ‘óV$ L$fp¡.

t ""qL$i“cpC v$uL$fu“p Of¡ Nep„ lp¡s, sp¡ Ap ‘pW$“p¡ A„s AgN lp¡s ?'' - hN®dp„ QQp® L$fp¡.

t âL$ë‘ t

t i¼e lp¡e sp¡ rinL$ kp’¡ A’hp Of“p hX$ug kp’¡ A¡L$pv$p h©Ùpîd“u dygpL$ps¡ ÅAp¡.
‘R>u A¡ dygpL$ps“p¡ Al¡hpg s¥epf L$fp¡.

lº„ hp„Qy„ .... sd¡ ‘Z hp„Qp¡$

A¡L$ v$uL$fp¡ Nydpìep¡, A¡L$kp¡ Qp¡ep®ku v$uL$fp d¡mìep !

2008dp„ NyS>fps Np¥Z k¡hp ‘k„v$Nu d„X$m“u ‘funpdp„ DÑuZ® ’C“¡ A¡L$ eyhp“ ‘p¡guk
kb-CÞõ‘¡¼V$f sfuL¡$ ‘k„v$ ’ep¡. s¡ ‘„Qdlpg“p¡ hs“u lsp¡. AÐe„s Nfub Ly$Vy„$bdp„’u
Aphsp Ap eyhp““y„ “pd lsy„ d“y Nfprkep. s¡“u dpsp A“¡ ÓZ bl¡“p¡“u s¡“p D‘f
S>hpbv$pfu lsu. s¡“p b¡Qdp„ Ly$g 185 eyhp“ lsp.
kb-CÞõ‘¡¼V$f sfuL¡$ ‘k„v$ ’ep ‘R>u d“y“¡ spgud dpV¡$ Np„^u“Nf “ÆL$ L$fpC [õ’s
NyS>fps ‘p¡guk AL$pv$dudp„ dp¡L$gpep¡. Ðep„ s¡“u AÞe spguduAp¡ kp’¡ v$p¡õsu b„^pC NC.
d“y“¡ A¡L$ hMs k|“d|“ b¡W¡$gp¡ Å¡C“¡ s¡“p spgudu rdÓp¡A¡ s¡“¡ ‘|R¹>ey„, "iy„ ’ey„ ? L¡$d
Apd Dv$pk R>¡ ?'

d“yA¡ ‘p¡sp“u dpsp“u ùv$e“u budpfu A“¡ ‘p¡sp“p Ly$Vy„$b“u Apr’®L$ [õ’rs rhi¡
dp„X$u“¡ hps L$fu. s¡“p b^p spgudu rdÓp¡ A¡ kp„cmu“¡ s¡“u dpsp“u kpfhpf dpV¡$ s¡“¡
dv$v$ L$fhp s¥epf ’C Nep. d“y“u Ap„Mdp„ TmTrmep„ Aphu Nep„. s¡Z¡ b^p rdÓp¡“p¡
Apcpf dpÞep¡.
’p¡X$p qv$hkdp„ S> DÑfpeZ“u b¡ qv$hk“u fÅ Aphu Ðepf¡ d“y dpsp“¡ A“¡ bl¡“p¡“¡
dmhp dp¡V$fkpCL$g ‘f ‘p¡sp“p Npd S>hp “uL$þep¡. dpsp“u kpfhpf dpV¡$ ‘¥kp“u ìehõ’p
’C NC lp¡hp’u s¡“p d“dp„ A“¡fp¡ DÐkpl lsp¡. fõspdp„ bk“p b¡v$fL$pf X²$pChf¡ AX$a¡V$dp„
gu^p¡. bk “uQ¡ L$QX$pC S>hp“¡ L$pfZ¡ s¡“y„ AL$pm¡ d©Ðey ’ey„. s¡“p d©Ðey“p kdpQpf
kp„cmu s¡“p ‘qfhpf D‘f sp¡ ÅZ¡ huS>mu ÓpV$L$u. A¡L$ bk X²$pChf“u b¡v$fL$pfu“¡ L$pfZ¡
d“y“p Nfub Ly$Vy„$b“p¡ A¡L$dpÓ klpfp¡ R>u“hpC Nep¡ lsp¡.

34

d“y“u A„rsdrhr^dp„ lpS>f fl¡gp s¡“p rdÓp¡“¡ ‘Z M|b S> ApOps gpÁep¡ lsp¡.
s¡dZ¡ d“y“p ‘qfhpf“p kæep¡“p Ql¡fp D‘f “p¡^pfp‘Zp“u gpNZu Å¡C “½$u L$fu gu^y„
L¡$ Ap ‘qfhpf“p¡ dpmp¡ Ap‘Z¡ rhMphp v$¡hp¡ “’u. s¡dZ¡ Ap Ly$Vy„$b“u S>hpbv$pfu D‘pX$u
gu^u. v$f¡L¡$ ‘p¡sp“u ndsp âdpZ¡ apmp¡ Ap‘u ÓZ¡L$ gpM ê$r‘ep c¡Np L$fu d“y“u dpsp“p
lp’dp„ Apàep. A“¡ L$üy„, "sd¡ L$p¡C ‘Z hps¡ d|„Tpsp “rl sdpfp¡ A¡L$ v$uL$fp¡ Nep¡, ‘Z
184 v$uL$fp lÆ b¡W$p R>¡.' d“y“u dpsp A“¡ bl¡“p¡ kS>m Ap„M¡ d“y“p Ap rdÓp¡“¡ Å¡C
S> füp„.
d“y Nfprkep“p d©Ðey“¡ ApW$ hj® husu Nep„ R>¡ ‘Z s¡“p Ly$Vy„$b“u S>hpbv$pfu g¡“pfp
rdÓp¡“u Dódpdp„ lÆ Ap¡V$ Aphu “’u. s¡Ap¡ NyS>fps“p Sy>v$pSy>v$p rhõspfp¡dp„ ‘p¡guk
Ar^L$pfu sfuL¡$ afS> bÅhu füp R>¡, R>sp„ ApS>¡ ‘Z s¡Ap¡ d“y“p ‘qfhpf kp’¡ kNp
v$uL$fp“u S>¡d Ecp fl¡ R>¡.
d“y“u A¡L$ bl¡““p gÁ_ hMs¡ s¡“p 184 cpCAp¡ ‘p¡sp“u kNu bl¡““p gÁ“ lp¡e
s¡hp DdmL$p’u MX¡$‘N¡ Ecp füp lsp. d“y“u dpsp A“¡ bl¡“p¡ d“y“¡ epv$ L$fu“¡ fX$ép„
s\p kp’¡ d“y“p v$p¡õsp¡“p r“:õhp’® â¡d A“¡ lŸ„a¡ ‘Z s¡d“¡ fX$pìep„. ‘pfL$p gp¡L$p¡ ‘p¡suL$p
’C“¡ s¡d“u dv$v$¡ Apìep lsp.
Äepf¡ b^u qv$ipAp¡ b„^ ’C Åe Ðepf¡ S>¡d“u kp’¡ gp¡lu“u kNpC “ lp¡e A¡hu
ìe[¼sAp¡ ‘pk¡’u AZ^pfu dv$v$ dmu fl¡su lp¡e R>¡.

- Apiy ‘V¡$g

t AÝep‘“ k„L¡$s t

iê$Apsdp„ Ap‘¡gp dyØpAp¡“¡ Ap^pf¡ rhÛp’}Ap¡“p ‘p¡sp“p ‘qfhpf k„b„^u d„sìep¡ ÅZhp
dpV¡$ QQp® L$fhu. QQp®dp„ âÐe¡L$ rhÛp’}“¡ klcpNu b“phhp. dpspr‘sp“p r“:õhp’® õ“¡l“u hpsp¡
bpmL$“p d“dp„ Dv$plfZp¡ Üpfp ×Y$ L$fphhu. kp’¡ kp’¡ A¡L$ k„sp“ sfuL¡$ dpspr‘sp âÐe¡“p„
L$s®ìep¡ sfa klS>sp’u A„Nyrgr“v$£i L$fhp¡.
‘pW$ iuMhhp dpV¡$ “p“p “p“p âñp¡ ‘|R>u DÑf d¡mhhp kp’¡ rhÛp’}Ap¡“p ‘p¡sp“p„ d„sìep¡
S>ê$f’u dp„Nhp„. ‘pW$“p g¡ML$“u L$V$pf“¡ hs®dp“‘Ódp„ hp„Qhp dpV¡$ â¡fZp Ap‘hu.

"v$uL$fu“p Of¡ fl¡hpe “l]' kdpS>“u âQrgs dpÞesp ‘peprhlp¡Zu R>¡, s¡ Mpk L$l¡hy„.
gp¡lu“u kNpC “ lp¡hp R>sp„ ‘Z qL$i“cpC“¡ dv$v$ L$f“pf eyhp“ rhi¡“u QQp® L$fsu hMs¡
dp“hsp“p d|ëe“y„ ‘fp¡n fus¡ Apfp¡‘Z L$fu s¡Ap¡ A’p®s¹ rhÛp’}Ap¡ dp“hsp v$ip®hhp L¡$hp„ L¡$hp„
L$pep£ L$fu iL¡$ s¡ bpbs ‘Z QQp® L$fhu.$

dp“hsp dp“hu L$fsp„ î¡›$ R>¡.

35

t D`¾$d t

1) ApX$pAhmp Anfp¡ ep¡Áe ¾$ddp„ Np¡W$hu A\®`|Z® iåv$ b_php¡.
1) `y g L$p A fu
2) rc A d N
3) S> `„ N A _p¡
4) sp h hp Z f
5) X$p„ f O f O
D`f_p A\®`|Z® iåv$p¡ b_pìep `R>u f„Nu_ Qp¡fkdp„ Aphsp Anfp¡_¡
`k„v$ L$fp¡, s¡_¡ ¾$dbÙ gMp¡.

dm¡gu L$l¡hs_p¡ A\® kdÆ_¡ hp¼edp„ D`ep¡N L$fp¡.

2) 1) b„ f bp¡ v$ fu
2) L$ h g \p _
3) \ d Ap hy„
4) _p s¡ d gu fp
5) hy„ L$p f a h
6) Ó n A e `p
7) m Mp d Ï„ A
8) Å hy„ k d h

dm¡gu L$l¡hs_p¡ A\® kdÆ_¡ hp¼edp„ D`ep¡N L$fp¡.

36

7. dp¡f A¡_y„ `Ngy„ d|L¡$ _¡...

t L$lp¡ Å¡CA¡.

Ap`Zp„ `„MuAp¡ -
Ap`Zu _v$uAp¡ -
Ap`Zp„ su\®õ\mp¡ -
L©$óZ_p„ AÞe _pdp¡ -
L©$óZ_u râe hõsy -

t Qpgp¡ NpCA¡.

Th¡fQ„v$ d¡OpZu_y„ "d_ dp¡f b_u ’_NpV$ L$f¡'
Nus_y„ kd|lNp_

dp¡f A¡_y„ `Ngy„ d|L¡$ _¡ dp^h dgL¡$
`R>u edy_pÆ gpNZuA¡ R>gL¡$ ...
L¡$ dp¡f A¡_y„ `Ngy„ d|L¡$ _¡ íepd dgL¡$.

`fcps¡ `r_lpfu Qpg¡ Dsphmu _¡
L$p„L$fu_u buL¡$ lp¡ lp„amu,
Npep¡_u MfuAp¡ A¡ ^|rmep Np¡Ly$rmep_¡
L$fsu Nygpg¡ b¡bpL$mu ;
dp¡f A¡_u L$uL$uAp¡ _p¢^¡ _¡ dp^h dgL¡$
`R>u edy_pÆ h¡Nugp„ R>gL¡$ ... L¡$ dp¡f ...
R>pi_¡ hgp¡Z¡ iu hps L$fu R>d R>dL¡$

Np¡`uA¡ _ L$p„C A¡_¡ kp„cmu,
dpMZ g¡hp„ R>¡ TV$ A¡_¡ sp¡ spfhu_¡
R>gL$phu v$¡hu R>¡ sp„kmu ;

dp¡f A¡_y„ `]Ry>„ afL¡$ _¡ dp^h dgL¡$
`R>u edy_pÆ b¡ L$p„W¡$ R>gL¡$ ... L¡$ dp¡f
...

- dl¡i ipl

37

t õhpÝepe t

k. 1 “uQ¡“p iåv$p¡ dpV¡$ L$pìedp„ h`fpe¡gp iåvp¡$ ip¡^p¡.

1) L©$óZ - ...................... 2) QfZ - .......................

3) khpf - ...................... 4) deyf - .......................

5) s¾$ - ...................... 6) _h_us - .......................

7) `]R>$ - ...................... 8) L$ptgv$u - .......................

k. 2 ‘fcps - âcps s¡hu fus¡ “uQ¡“p iåv$p¡ dpV¡$“p âdprZs iåv$ gMp¡.

1) ‘fZpd - .................... 2) kdf’ - .......................

3) õhpf’ - .................... 4) qL$f‘p - .......................

5) ‘v$pf’ - .................... 6) suf’ - .......................

7) ‘fcy - .................... 8) ‘fhs - .......................

k. 3 L$pìedp„\u âpkey¼s iåv$ ip¡^p¡.

k. 4 Dv$plfZ âdpZ¡ rhi¡jZ b_php¡ : v$p.s. h¡N - h¡Nugy„

1) fk 2) dp¡S> 3) Nds 4) lW$

k. 5 Dv$plfZ âdpZ¡ "_y„' ep¡Áe ê$` gMp¡. v$p. s. Npep¡_u Mfu

1) dp¡f.... `u„Ry>„ 2) dp¡f... L$uL$u

3) edy_pÆ... h¡N 4) L©$óZ... hp„kmu

5) dp¡f... `Ngp„ 6) Np¡Ly$m... Np¡hpm

k. 6 ep¡Áe rhL$ë` ip¡^u `„[¼s `|Z® L$fp¡.

1) dp¡f A¡_y„ `Ngy„ d|L¡$ _¡ .............

L$) dp^h dgL¡$

M) l¥ey„ lgL¡$

N) huS>gX$u QdL¡$

2) `fcps¡ `r_lpfu .............

L$) flu hp„kmu kp„cmu

M) Qpg¡ Dsphmu

N) R>¡ lp„amu _¡ ap„amu

3) R>pi_¡ hgp¡Z¡ iu .............

L$) hps \C ^d^d L¡$

M) Ådu NC fdTV$ L¡$

N) hps L$fu R>d R>d L¡$

4) Npep¡“u MfuAp¡ A¡ ^|rmep Np¡Ly$rmep“¡ .............

L$) L$fsu L„$Ly$X¡$ b¡bpL$mu

M) L$fsu Abug¡ b¡bpL$mu

N) L$fsu Nygpg¡ b¡bpL$mu

38

k. 7 gMu“¡ bsphp¡.$
1) gpNZu’u R>gL$“pf
2) R>pi_p hgp¡Zp\u Ap spfhu g¡hpe
3) ‘]Ry> afL$ph“pf
4) b¡ L$p„W¡$ R>gL$“pf

k. 8 _uQ¡_p_p¡ D`ep¡N gMp¡.
1) dpMZ 2) Nygpg 3) R>pi

k. 9 ip’u bÞey„ ?
1) `r_lpfu lp„amu \pe R>¡. L$pfZ L¡$ ..........
2) Npep¡ b¡bpL$mu b_¡ R>¡. L$pfZ L¡$ ............

k. 10 dp¡f_¡ Å¡C_¡ sd_¡ \e¡gu A_yc|rs sdpfp iåv$p¡dp„ hZ®hp¡.
t hN®_p rhÛp\}Ap¡_p b¡ S|>\ `pX$p¡. A¡L$ S|>\ NpdX$p„ rhi¡ A_¡ A¡L$ S|>\ il¡f rhi¡ L$l¡i¡.

b„_¡ S|>\ A¡L$kfMp dyØp D`f hpsp¡ L$fi¡. hpsp¡ L$fhp _uQ¡_p dyØp_p¡ D`ep¡N L$fp¡.
1) âcps 2) hpsphfZ 3) `„Mu 4) `iy 5) _v$u 6) d„qv$f$

t âL$ë‘ t

t L©$óZ_u hp„kmu_y„ dp¡f‘]R>hpmy„ ApL$j®L$ rQÓ v$p¡fp¡. s¡_u _uQ¡ 3\u 4 hp¼ep¡ gMp¡.

lº„ hp„Qy„ .... sd¡ ‘Z hp„Qp¡$

dp¡fr`ÃR>_u fÅC Ap¡Y$u
sd¡ k|Ap¡_¡ íepd
Ad_¡ \pe `R>u Apfpd...

dyfgu_p k|f_p„ Ap¡iuL$p„
fpMp¡ AX$M¡ - `X$M¡
sd¡ _]v$dp„ L¡$hp gpNp¡
Å¡hp_¡ Æh hgM¡
fps `R>u sp¡ fpsfpZu \C
çl¢L$u EW¡$ Apd...
Ad¡ sdpfp k`_pdp„ sp¡

39

_½$u S> Aphu QX$uiy„
Ap„M Mp¡gu_¡ Å¡ip¡ Ðepf¡
Ad¡ S> _S>f¡ `X$iy„
r_Öp-s„Öp-ÅN©rsdp„
Tmlmcep£ v$dpd...
- kyf¡i v$gpg

t AÝep‘“ k„L¡$s t

iê$Apsdp„ Ap`¡gp„ _pdp¡ rhÛp\}Ap¡ `pk¡\u L$Y$phhp„. s¡dp„\u L$pìedp„ Dëg¡M \ep¡ R>¡
s¡ _pdp¡_y„ dlÒh L$lu_¡ `R>u d¡OpZu_p Ars âQrgs L$pìe_p kd|lNp_ Üpfp rhÛp\}Ap¡_¡
rhjeprcdyM L$fhp.
L$pìe_p AÝep‘_ `l¡gp„ b¡\u ÓZ hMs âõsys Erd®L$pìe_y„ kd|lNp_ L$fphhy„. âñp¡, QQp®
Üpfp L$pìe_p¡ ¾$rdL$ rhL$pk kp^hp¡.
edy_p _v$u_y„ buSy>„ _pd L$prgÞv$u R>¡ s¡_y„ õ`óV$uL$fZ L$fhy„. NpdX$p„ A_¡ il¡f_p âcps_y„
Ly$v$fsu hpsphfZ L¡$hy„ lp¡e s¡ bpbs QQp® Üpfp h^pf¡ dprlsu Ap`hu.
`r_lpfu_u, Np¡Ly$m_p k„Ýep kde_p hpsphfZ_u, hgp¡Zp_u k„¼ë`_p rinL¡$ iåv$rQÓ_u
dv$v$\u õ`ô$ L$fhu. L©$óZ_p i¼e s¡V$gp h^pf¡ _pdp¡ rhÛp\}Ap¡ `pk¡\u L$Y$phhp kp\¡ rinL¡$
`Z h^pf¡ _pdp¡ Ap`hp„.

âL©$rs A¡ S> `fd¡ðf

40