第二十四章 世界真美丽 191 3 《学校周报》要了解一下年轻人对度假的看法，请给他们写一 封150字左右的信。信里说：School’s Weekly wants to know the opinions of young people on holidays. Write about 150 Chinese characters and say: • 跟家人一起度假有什么好处与坏处； • 跟朋友度假有什么好处与坏处； • 你度假的时候喜欢跟谁在一起，为什么； • 你觉得度假的活动怎么安排最合适。 4 请将下列段落翻译成英文。Translate the following paragraph into English. 培养健康的生活习惯 一般来说，不好的生活习惯给我们带来不健康的身体。 早餐是一天中最重要的一餐，但有些人很久以来都不吃早餐， 这使他们在午餐时多吃。我们应该培养健康的习惯，比如每天 走半个小时的路，多吃蔬菜水果，少吃外卖、快餐；吃好饭、 睡好觉，生活自然会过得愉快。
第四单元 高校与工作 192 Unit test 4 1 反义词。For each word, find its antonym from the box and write it down in your exercise book. 取钱 下降 没用 降落 笨 下班 不必 年轻人 迟到 接人 孩子 少数 忘 错误 以后 可以 回国 开心 楼下 一般 躺 矮 女 离婚 A 特别 B 提高 C 有用 D 必须 E 不准 F 大人 G 老年人 H 正确 I 聪明 J 记 K 高 L 送人 M 站 N 上班 O 准时 P 结婚 Q 存钱 R 楼上 S 起飞 T 以前 U 男 V 出国 W 生气 X 多数 2 同义词。For each word, find its synonym from the box and write it down in your exercise book. 晚会 会 可能 高兴 想要 担心 难过 明白 A 伤心 B 愉快 C 将要 D 紧张 3 东明俱乐部将要在下个月20号下午一点到五点举办象棋 比赛，你要填写表格参加比赛。Fill in the following form to enter the chess competition. 比赛日期 …… 比赛时间 …… 比赛地点 …… 参赛人年龄 …… 参赛人姓名 …… E 愿意 F 懂 G 派对 H 也许
第二十四章 世界真美丽 193 4 词汇替换练习。Find the suitable expression or phrase from the box to replace the underlined phrases in the following sentences. 没想到 相当 按照 目的 越来越 大概 由于 又……又…… A 他们两个也许有矛盾了，已经三天没有说过话了。 B 我本来以为他的性格很不错，很友好，可是今天才发现他爱 生气。 C 因为天气的关系，我们决定不去公园了，而是去电影院看一 场美国电影。 D 大多数野生动物都特别聪明。 E 在北京，我们除了去名胜古迹以外，还买了很多漂亮的纪 念品。 F 哥哥跟父母的矛盾一天比一天严重。 G 这次去中国旅游的原因是想了解中国普通人的真正生活。 H 今天的作业一定要根据老师说的那样去做。 5 从右栏找出与左栏相搭配的词语。Find suitable phrases on the right to match the verb phrase on the left. 1) 常常照顾 A 家乡照顾父母 2) 希望找到 B 回家 3) 这一天玩儿得 C 邻居的孩子 4) 已经买到 D 理想的工作 5) 打算留在 E 一个让人头疼的大问题 6) 坐上飞机快快 F 很大的收获 7) 经过努力取得 G 妈妈的生日礼物 8) 刚刚解决了 H 很开心 6 请给你的中国笔友写一封信，信里说说：Write a letter of 80–100 Chinese characters and say: • 你今年暑假准备去哪个国家旅游； • 想去什么样的地方； • 想跟谁一起去，怎么去； • 打算去多久； • 计划做些什么。
第四单元 高校与工作 194 Did you know … ? 千 qiān 岛 dǎo 之 zhī 国 guó — 印 yìn 度 dù 尼 ní 西 xī 亚 yà (印 yìn 尼 ní ) 印 yìn 度 dù 尼 ní 西 xī 亚 yà 素 sù 有 yǒu “千 qiān 岛 dǎo 之 zhī 国 guó ” 之 zhī 称 chēng ，因 yīn 为 wéi 它 tā 的 de 岛 dǎo 屿 yǔ 之 zhī 多 duō 名 míng 列 liè 世 shì 界 jiè 前 qián 茅 máo 。印 yìn 度 dù 尼 ní 西 xī 亚 yà 这 zhè 个 ge 名 míng 字 zi 就 jiù 是 shì 海 hǎi 中 zhōng 岛 dǎo 屿 yǔ 的 de 意 yì 思 si 。旅 lǚ 游 yóu 胜 shèng 地 dì 巴 bā 厘 lí 岛 dǎo 就 jiù 是 shì 其 qí 中 zhōng 的 de 一 yí 个 gè 。 巴 bā 厘 lí 岛 dǎo 有 yǒu 很 hěn 多 duō 山 shān ，包 bāo 括 kuò 岛 dǎo 上 shàng 的 de 最 zuì 高 gāo 峰 fēng 阿 ā 贡 gòng 火 huǒ 山 shān 。这 zhè 里 li 的 de 海 hǎi 滩 tān 多 duō 为 wéi 白 bái 色 sè 细 xì 沙 shā ，海 hǎi 水 shuǐ 清 qīng 澈 chè 如 rú 镜 jìng ，景 jǐng 色 sè 迷 mí 人 rén 。每 měi 年 nián 都 dū 会 huì 吸 xī 引 yǐn 成 chéng 千 qiān 上 shàng 万 wàn 个 gè 来 lái 自 zì 世 shì 界 jiè 各 gè 地 dì 的 de 游 yóu 客 kè ，有 yǒu 来 lái 度 dù 假 jià 的 de ，也 yě 有 yǒu 来 lái 结 jié 婚 hūn 的 de 。当 dāng 地 dì 人 rén 热 rè 情 qíng 好 hào 客 kè ，礼 lǐ 貌 mào 待 dài 人 rén ，常 cháng 常 cháng 给 gěi 游 yóu 客 kè 留 liú 下 xià 深 shēn 刻 kè 的 de 印 yìn 象 xiàng 。 巴 bā 厘 lí 岛 dǎo 曾 céng 被 bèi 美 měi 国 guó 杂 zá 志 zhì 评 píng 为 wéi 世 shì 界 jiè 最 zuì 佳 jiā 岛 dǎo 屿 yǔ 之 zhī 一 yī 。
195 Appendices 家人表 Family members Paternal Maternal Grandparents 爷爷 grandfather 奶奶 grandmother 姥爷 grandfather 姥姥 grandmother Parents 父亲/爸爸 father 母亲/妈妈 mother Siblings 姐姐 elder sister 哥哥 elder brother 弟弟 younger brother 妹妹 younger sister Children 儿子 son 女儿 daughter Grandchildren 孙子 grandson 孙女 granddaughter 节日表 Festivals 中国节日 Chinese festival 日期(农历) Dates (Lunar calendar) 活动 Activities 食品 Food 春节 从一月一日 到一月十五日 挂年画 穿新衣服 大人给孩子红包 看舞龙舞狮 吃年夜饭 饺子 鱼 年糕 端午节 五月五日 龙舟比赛 粽子 中秋节 八月十五日 看月亮 跟家人在一起 月饼 水果 西方节日 Western festival 日期 Date 活动 Activities 食品 Food 圣诞节 十二月二十五日 唱圣诞歌 去教堂 给礼物 去看圣诞老人 在圣诞树上挂灯 火鸡 圣诞布丁 蛋糕
196 量词表 Quantifiers/measure words Measure word To be used for Examples Phrases in Chinese 个 people, things friend, notebook, bag, calculator 一个朋友，一个练习本 把 something that can be held by hand chair, umbrella, ruler 一把椅子，两把雨伞，一把尺子 本 book-like objects book, magazine, dictionary 一本书，一本杂志，四本词典 条 string-like items tie, snake, trousers, fish 一条领带，一条蛇，一条裤子， 七条鱼 包 bag, pack, packet sweets, rice 一包糖，一包米 口 literally: mouth to feed people in the family 六口人 件 objects, clothes, matter affair, clothing 一件事，八件毛衣 张 flat surface whiteboard, desk, paper 十张白板，一张书桌，十张纸 种 types of objects tree, thing 两种树，这种文具 支 stick-like objects pen, brush pen 那支笔，三支毛笔 匹 some animals (herbivore) horse 一匹马 只 some animals (carnivore) dog, cat 六只狗，哪只猫 位 people teacher, visitor 一位老师，那位客人 双 a pair of shoes, chopsticks 一双鞋，五双筷子 辆 vehicles train, car 那辆火车，三辆车 所 institution school, nursery, hospital 一所学院，一所幼儿园, 一所医院 座 solid structures mountain, city, building 一座山，一座城市，一座建筑 节 segment lessons 这节课 家 commercial establishment shop, restaurant 一家小卖部，这家餐馆 封 sealed item letter 那封信 段 section, period of time paragraph of an article, road 一段英文，一段路途 顶 things that can be worn on one’s head hat 这顶帽子 gè bǎ běn tiáo bāo kǒu jiàn zhāng zhǒng zhī pǐ zhī wèi shuāng liàng suǒ zuò jié jiā fēng duàn dǐng APPENDICES
197 APPENDICES Guide to question types in Chinese and example answers Group 1: those that require a simple replacement answer word Question word English Replace with Example answer words/phrases 什么地方; 哪里 where a place 学校，公园，北京，法国， 花园，市中心，图书馆 谁 who/whom a name 姐姐，明明，朋友 谁的 whose name + 的 妈妈的，老师的 什么时候，几月几号； 星期几；哪天 when a point in time 三点，星期六，一月一号，去年 多长时间；多久 how long length of time 一个小时，三天，五个月，一年, 五分钟，一个星期 几；多少 how many / much a number 三（个），六百（本），二十 （天），九（年） Group 2: those that may require different verbs, different measure words or different nouns Question word English Nature of question Possible answers 怎么+ verb how to do method; what actions to take 坐飞机；骑自行车；走路 多听；多看；用朋友的；看书 去公园 告诉妈妈；告诉老师 多大/几岁 how old age 十六岁，二十岁 多少钱 how much (money) price of goods/ service 五元，十块，八百元 Group 3: those that require extended description/narration 什么样的 what is it like All these questions require explanations, more detailed the better. A simple 很好 or 不错 can serve as an immediate reply to keep the conversation flow before you expand your answers. 怎么样 how is it 请说说/说一说 please talk about 请介绍（一下） please introduce
198 APPENDICES Group 4: those that require an explanation 为什么/什么原因: You can repeat the main point in the question before explain why 因为 because… Group 5: those that require elaboration with examples – affirmation of the main point of the question can serve as a starting point using 很多and follow up with examples Verb Question words Example objects Answer by saying ‘I + verb + lots +object’ 吃 什么 哪些 (plural) 哪 + (measure word) 菜 吃很多菜：上海菜，法国菜，鱼，牛肉， 面条，海鲜，素菜 买 书 买很多书：中文书，历史书，小说 做 活动 运动 做很多运动：打篮球，游泳，跳远，跳高，长跑，打网 球，做饭 学 科目 学很多科目：物理，地理，化学，生物 用 办法 用很多办法：天天练习，多看，上网学习， 找朋友说话，问老师问题 有 方法 有很多方法：天天练习，多看，上网学习， 找朋友说话，问老师问题 Group 6: question with ……吗？and choice type question with 是不是，去不去，想不想 (alternative question style), both require yes or no answers. To answer these, you need to pick a side: Q: 你是法国人吗？Or 你是不是法国人？ A: 是。/or 不是。 Q: 你想去中国上大学吗？Or 你想不想去中国上大学？ A: 想。/or 不想。 Q: 你喜欢吃面条吗？Or 你喜不喜欢吃面条？ A: 喜欢/or 不喜欢。 Group 7: tag question using ……吧？ To answer these, you can simply repeat the main point of the question. Sometimes a simple repeat of the main verb/adjective such as 是；去；好；会 is sufficient. Q: 你们都会说汉语吧？ A: 我们都会说汉语。/我们都会。/会。
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