IT DICTIONARY POCKET

13. OBM On-board also known as Internal
14. OBOE modem modem, is installed on
an expansion board
Off-By- inside a computer chase.
One Error In contrast, an external
modem is a box that
attaches to a computer's
COM port via cables.

Logical error involving
the discrete equivalent of
a boundary condition. It
often occurs in computer
programming when an
iterative loop iterates one
time too many or too few

15. OBU On Board In an electronic toll
Unit collection system, card
data of a payment card is
stored in an OBU
mounted in a vehicle.

342

16. OC overclock To run a microprocessor
17. OCIA faster than the speed for
Optically which it has been tested
Coupled and approved.
Interface Overclocking is a
Adapter popular technique for
eking out a little more
performance from a
system.

Interface in many other
respects similar to
RS232. It is used
extensively on POS
equipments

18. OC-N Optical The range of incremental

Carrier rates defined for SONET

Level N fiber-optic transmission.

The number after "OC-"

represents the multiple

of the foundation OC-1

rate, which is

51.84Mbps. Above OC-

3, the level numbers and

their associated data

343reaatcehs quadruple with
step up in the

hierarchy

19. OCL Object a declarative language
20. OCP Constraint for describing rules and
Language constraints that apply to
UML models
Open- Object-oriented principle
Closed that states that software
Principle entities should be open
for extensions but closed
for modifications

Oracle DBA certification is
Certified designed to reflect
Professional proficiency in Oracle
database architecture,
installation,
administration,
performance tuning and
troubleshooting.

21. OCR Optical The technique of

Character recognising printed text

Recognition and turning it into

computer input, so

avoiding the need for

keyboard entry. Widely

used now for avoiding

344tdhoecuremtyepnitnsg. of

22. OCSP Online an Internet protocol
23. OCTAVE Certificate used for obtaining
Status the revocation status
24. OCX Protoco of an X.509 digital
certificate

Operationally Approach for self-
Critical directed risk
Threat, evaluations that puts
Asset, and organizations in
Vulnerability charge, balances
Evaluation critical information
assets, business
needs, threats, and
vulnerabilities and
measures the
organization against
known or accepted
good security
practices

Custom Visual Basic add-on
Controls components based
on Microsoft's OLE
set of interfaces.

345

25. ODA Open An ISO standard for
26. ODBC Document documents which
Architecture allows for the transfer
27. ODBO of text, graphics, and
facsimiles between
platforms.

Open With all the different
Database types of databases
Connectivity available, such as
Microsoft Access,
Filemaker, and MySQL,
it is important to have a
standard way of
transferring data to and
from each kind of
database.

OLE DB for A Microsoft
OLAP specification for a
standard interface to
OLAP engines.
Published in 1997,
OBDO paralleled
Microsoft's ODBC
strategy for access to
relational databases.

346

28. ODC Offshore An operation set up
development for a specific
29. ODD center organization by a
30. ODF service provider,
which dedicates
assets and resources
specifically to that
single client, in
exchange for
guarantees of steady
work.

optical disk A computer device
drive that reads from, and
stores information on,
optical storage media.

OpenDocument suite of open, XML-
based office suite
application formats
defined by the
OASIS consortium. It
defines a platform-
neutral, non-
proprietary way of
storing documents.

347

31. ODI Open Data- an API developed by
link Interface Apple and Novell for
32. ODM writing network
33. ODMR Original drivers.Like NDIS,
Design ODI provides rules
Manufacturer that establish a vendor-
neutral interface
between the protocol
stack and the adapter
driver.
a company that
produces products for
another firm that will
sell them under its
brand name

On-Demand an e-mail service that
Mail Relay allows a user to
request e-mail from
any internet
connection by using a
dynamic IP address as
opposed to a static IP
address.

348

34. ODOE on demand The technology
operating infrastructure needed to
environment support an on demand
business.

35. ODP Open Data Provide a way for more
Path than one program in the
same job to share the
same file status
information

36. ODPS On Demand Intranet Software

Packaging distribution solution by

Service IBM

349

37. OEM Oracle integrates multiple
Enterprise products into a complete
38. OEP Manager APM/BTM solution.
39. OFB
Original A firm which makes
Equipment parts that other firms
Manufacturer incorporate into their
own gear or complete
equipment that these
other firms sell under
their own brand name.

Outlook a remote procedure call
Exchange instantiation of the
Protocol Microsoft Messaging
API protocol

output In cryptography, OFB is

feedback a mode of operation for

a block cipher. It has

some similarities to the

ciphertext feedback

mode in that it permits

encryption of differing

block sizes, but has the

key difference that the

output of the encryption

350 block function is the
feedback.

40. OFCom Office of the official
Communications regulating body
41. OFDM / for TV, radio and
OFDMA other
'communication
42. OFM industries' in the
UK.

Orthogonal a frequency-
Frequency- division
Division multiplexing
multiplexing scheme used as a
(/Multiple digital multi-
Access) carrier
modulation
method.

Oracle Fusion Oracle Fusion
Middleware Middleware

351

43. OFX Open An open specification
Financial for online transfer of
44. op-code Exchange financial data,
45. OpenCL combining Microsoft's
Open Financial
Connectivity, Intuit's
OpenExchange, and
CheckFree's electronic
banking and payment
protocols.

Operation Part of a computer
Code instruction word that
designates the function
performed by a specific
instruction.

Open A standards-based
Computing
Language technology for
performing general-
purpose computations
on a computer’s
graphics processor.

352

46. OVF Open Standard format for
Virtualization packaging and
47. OWL Format describing virtual
48. OXE machines and
applications for
deployment across
heterogeneous
virtualization platforms

Web WWW Consortium,
Ontology Standards for semantic
Language reconciliation

OmniPCX Alcatel-Lucent's
Enterprise commercially platform
for enterprise telephony

353







1. PA- Payment company approved by
QSA Application the PCI SSC to conduct
Qualified assessments on payment
2. PABX Security applications against the
/ PBX Assessor PA-DSS.

private a telephone switch on a
automatic
branch customer's premises that
exchange
primarily establishes
voice-grade circuits —

over access lines to a

telephone company CO
— between individual

users and the PSTN.

3. PAE Physical Extension for Windows
Addressing 2000/2003 Advanced
Extension Server to address more
than 4 GB of memory

354

4. PAN Personal Experimental technology
Area in development at IBM,
5. PARC Network it allows information
6.. PASV devices to discreetly
communicate and
synchronize with one
another when in close
proximity (using the
human body as an
antenna).

Palo Alto Xerox research center
Research famed for having
Center developed the first GUI
in the 1970s.

Passive a ftp command that
(command) requests that the server
"listen" on a data port
(which is not its default
data port) and to wait for
a connection rather than
initiate one upon receipt
of a transfer command.

355

7. PB PetaByte 2 to the 50th power
bytes. Is equal to 1024
terabytes

8. PBN policy- The application of
9. PCB
based business rules to govern

networking network performance

Printed .
Circuit A substrate on which a
Board pre-determined
interconnect pattern has
been formed, used to
assemble and connect
together ICs and other
electronic components
into a subassembly

356

10. PCI Peripheral The industry standard
Component system bus architecture
11. PCI Interconnect that is used in most
DSS desktop and server
models. PCI provides
12. PCL faster communications
between the processor
and components (such as
memory, disk and video)
than the original IBM
bus, Industry Standard
Architecture (ISA)

Payment A common industry
Card security standard
Industry developed from a
Data collaboration between
Security Visa and MasterCard. cf
Standard CISP.

Printer a command language

Command that was developed by

Language Hewlett-Packard for

controlling Hewlett-

Packard printers. Each

PCL command consists

of an escape key

followed by a series of

357code numbers.

13. PDA Personal PDA are small portable
14. PDB Digital computers which can be
Assistant held in the hand and are
also referred to as
Program handheld or Pocket
DataBase computers.

Microsoft's format for
debug indormation, not
embedded in the object
file or executable

15. PDE possible A payment that has been
duplicate identified as a possible
emission duplicate of another
payment, because the
contents of certain fields
or combinations of fields
in both payments are
identical or similar.

358

16. PDN Primary The telephone number
17. PDQ Directory that the physical
18. PDU Number telephone set is
associated with.
Product Generally, the first
Data telephone number listed
Quality on a multi-line set.

Protocol Oracle MDM term
Data Unit (developed as a result of
its acquisition in 2009 of
Silver Creek Systems, is
licensed based on the
number of processors)

Message of a given
protocol comprising
payload and protocol-
specific control
information, typically
contained in header.
Passes over protocol
interfaces that exist
between layers of
protocols (per OSI
model).

359

19. Perl Practical Perl is a programming
20. PET Extraction language that is widely
and Report used for both very
Language simple, small tasks and
for very large complex
applications.

Personal an early (circa 1977-
Electronic 1980, around the same
Transactor time as the Apple][)
home computer featuring
a ROM-based BASIC
developed by Microsoft
which it uses as a default
"OS".

21. PFS Public-Key For a key agreement

Forward protocol based on

Secrecy asymmetric

cryptography, the

property that ensures that

a session key derived

from a set of long-term

public and private keys

will not be compromised

if one of the private keys

is compromised in the

360future.

22. PHB Per-Hop- The forwarding
Behavior treatment given to a
specific class of traffic,
23. PHS Personal based on criteria defined
Handy in the Differentiated
Phone Service field. Routers
System and switches use PHBs
to determine priorities
for servicing various
traffic flows

Personal
communications system
used in Japan as both a
digital cordless phone in
homes and offices and as
a cellular phone
outdoors.

24. PIC Position- A file containing object

Independent code that is almost ready

Code for execution on the

target. The final

remaining step is to use a

locator or loader to fix

the remaining relocatable

addresses within the

361code.

25. PIN personal A numeric code —
26. PINE identification typed on an automated
27. PIPE number teller machine or
telephone keypad, or a
computer keyboard —
used to gain access to
personal funds or
information.

Program for a character-based E-
Internet News Mail client for UNIX
and E-Mail systems. Developed at
the University of
Washington, PINE
replaces an older E-Mail
program called elm.

Private Extension of RFC 2003
Internet (IP Encapsulation
Protocol within IP) which allows
Encapsulation to encapsulate and
decapsulate private IP
addresses in the same
way as described in
RFC 2003, and to
transfer them across the
public Internet

362

28. PKI public-key The techniques
29. PLCP infrastructure necessary to manage
30. PLOGI public-key
cryptography (see
separate entry), as well
as the various systems
for authentication,
nonrepudiation and
integrity that can be
built on top of a
public-key system.

Physical Defined by the IEEE
Layer 802.6 and used for
Convergence DS3 transmission of
Protocol ATM. ATM cells are
encapsulated in
125microsecond frame
defined by PLCP,
which is defined inside
DS3 M-frame.

port login The port-to-port login
process by which
initiators establish
sessions with targets.

363

31. PLPA pageable An area of virtual
link pack storage containing
32. PMM area supervisor call (SVC)
33. PMML routines, access
Post methods, and other read-
Memory only system and user
Manager programs that can be
shared among users of
Predictive the system.
Model
Markup A mechanism used by
Language option ROMs to allocate
RAM memory for use
during system startup

A standard developed by
the Data Mining Group
(DMG) to represent
predictive analytic
models. PMML is
supported by leading BI
and analytics vendors
like IBM, SAS,
MicroStrategy, Oracle
and SAP.

364

34. PMSM permanent permanent magnet
35. PNG magnet synchronous motors
synchronous
36. PNRP motors

Portable PNG is a graphics
Network format specifically
Graphics designed for use on the
World Wide Web. PNG
enable compression of
images without any loss
of quality, including
high-resolution images.
Another important
feature of PNG is that
anyone may create
software that works
with PNG images
without paying any fees
- the PNG standard is
free of any licensing
costs.

Peer Name Secure, scalable, and

Resolution dynamic name

Protocol registration and name

resolution protocol first

developed for Windows

365 XP and then upgraded

in Windows Vista

37. PoE Power Over PoE is also called Power
Ethernet over LAN or in-line
38. PON power. It allows
39. POST appliances such as IP
telephones and WLAN
access points to receive
power over suitable
LAN cabling. The
international standard is
known as IEEE 802.3af.
However, some vendors
have implemented
proprietary solutions.

passive a unique point-to-
optical multipoint infrastructure
networking that allows for the
sharing of one optical
fiber among several
buildings

power-on Set of hardware
self test diagnostics that runs on
a hardware device when
that device is powered
up.

366

40. POTS Plain Old POTS is the standard
41. PPC Telephone telephone service that
42. PPD Service most homes use. It is
also referred to as the
PSTN or the Public
Switched Telephone
Network.

Pay-Per- Where a company (or
Click advertiser) pays (a
search engine or affiliate
site) for each click-
through on an
advertisement.

Postscript A file that contains
Printer information about the
Description capabilities of a
particular printer model.
The PPD file provides
the controls you need to
take advantage of special
features such as multiple
paper trays, special paper
sizes, or duplex printing.

367

43. PPE PowerPC In the Cell Broadband
44. PPN Processor Engine architecture, a
Element grouping of multiple
PowerPC Processor
Primary Units (PPUs).
Port
Network The main switching
module for the Definity
G3R or G3I switch.

45. PPPoE Point-to- PPPoE is a specification
Point for connecting multiple
Protocol computer users on local
over network to a remote site
Ethernet using a modem, gateway
or router that supports
the appropriate protocol
layers and authentication
for the point-to-point
connection to be
established.

368

46. PPRC Peer to A remote-copy service
47. PPU Peer that provides a
Remote synchronous copy of a
Copy volume or disk for
disaster recovery, device
PowerPC migration, and workload
Processor migration.
Unit
A 64-bit PowerPC core
processor located at the
heart of the Cell
Broadband Engine
multiprocessor, with
associated cache, and a
Vector Multimedia
Extensions (VMX) unit.

48. PQA Palm Query A small applet that can
Application be downloaded onto a
Palm OS-based PDA
that allows for the
retrieval of information
from the Web.

369

49. PRADO PHP Rapid an open source,
50. PRC Application PHP5-based
Development programming
Object- framework designed
oriented for professional web
applications
development.
PRADO is an MVC-
based framework,
which allows event-
driven programming.

Primary Clock used in
Reference synchronous networks
Clock like SONET and SDH

51. PRI Primary Rate An Integrated
Interface Services Digital
Network (ISDN)
370 interface that connects
private branch
exchanges (PBXs) to
the network at the
North American
1.544 megabits per
second (Mbps) T1
rate. It is electrically
identical to the ISDN
Basic Rate Interface

52. PRINCE Projects in A public domain
Controlled standard for IT
53. PROM Environments developers for the
54. PS/2 U.K. government.
PRINCE provides a
process model to
define what is
involved in setting
up, managing and
closing down each
stage of a project.

Programmable A ROM which is

ROM programmable by

the user

personal A type of connector
system/2 for attaching a PS/2-
compatible
keyboard, mouse, or
keypad.

371

55. PSA professional professional service

service automation

automation

56. PSD PhotoShop File name extension.
Drawing Used by Photoshop and

other Adobe programs

57. PSIP Program the ATSC standard for
and digital television channel
Systems naming, numbering and
Information navigation.
Protocol

372

58. PSLC Parallel A software licensing
59. PSN Sysplex arrangement available to
License vendors if the pieces
Charge making up their Parallel
Sysplex complex have
been qualified by IBM.
Charges are based on the
total machine capacity.

Packet A dedicated computer
Switch whose purpose is to
Node accept, route and
forward packets in a
packet switched
network.

Playstation PSN stands for

Network Playstation Network of

Sony

Processor

Serial An embedded serial

Number number in Intel Pentium

III microprocessors. It

allows software

manufacturers and

websites to identify

individuals more

precisely.

373

60. PSP Personal Methods to improve the
61. PSS Software quality of work of
62. PSTN Process individual software
engineers
PlayStation
Portable Game console by Sony
Print Software for IBM
SubSystem mainframes that provides
an AFP and line data
printing solution using
PCL and PostScript
printers

public the worldwide network
switched of public voice
telephone communication facilities.
network

Any common carrier
network that provides
circuit switching among
public users.

374

63. PTF Print To Fax driver for Lotus
Fax Domino Fax Server

64. PTR Pointer A DNS record type that
record record translates IP (IPv4)
addresses to domain
names. Used in DNS
reverse lookups.

65. PTT Push To Functionality in the
Talk group communication
terminal device. You
have to push PTT-button
to get the permission for
transmission

Postal, An agency that regulates
Telephone, and administers the
and telephone and postal
Telegraph systems in certain
countries.

375

66. PTTs Post, government agencies
telegraph, responsible for postal
67. PTZ and mail, telegraph, and
68. PUP telephone telephone services. Such
authorities monopolies existed in
many countries, but
pan-tilt- since the 1980s many of
zoom them have been partially
or completely privatized
.
video conferencing
camera capability

Potentially a term used to describe
unwanted unwanted programs such
program as Trojans, spyware and
adware, along with other
malware which may
compromise your
privacy. Some antivirus
and PC security software
packages will scan for
and protect your system
against PUPs.

376

69. PUT program A code release to
70. PVC update tape Transaction Processing
Facility customers
containing maintenance
(program fixes) and new
function.

permanent A virtual circuit that is
virtual pre-defined in routing
circuit tables among the various
routers and switches in a
packet-switched
network, rather than
being established on a
call-by-call basis.

71. PVR personal A device that records
video television programs on
recorder an internal hard drive in
anticipation of viewer
preferences.

377







1. QA Quality The practice of checking
Assurance hardware, software, or
systems for defects,
identifying such defects,
and then checking to
make sure that such
defects are corrected
when future revisions of
software or hardware are
ready for testing.

2. QAM quadrature QAM is a method of
amplitude combining two
modulation amplitude-modulated
(AM) signals into a
single channel, thereby
doubling the effective
bandwidth. QAM is
used with PAM in
digital systems,
especially in wireless
applications.

378

3. QAT Quantity The sum of itemized
Above call minutes that
Threshold exceeds the minimum
Indicator threshold of 1500
Minutes of Usage
(MOU) that is eligible
for a volume discount.

4. QB QuickBASIC a descendant of the
BASIC programming
language that was
developed by the
Microsoft Corporation
for use with the MS-
DOS operating system,
A general accounting
system from Intuit,
Inc.

379

5. QBDG Query A type of distribution
6. QBDL Based group introduced in
Distribution Exchange 2003. It
Group provides similar
functionality to that of
a standard distribution
group, what is different
is that it does not
contain a fixed list of
members but is defined
using a query. This
allows the group
membership list to be
generated dynamically
on demand using the
query.

Query More commonly
Based known as a Query
Distribution Based Distribution
List Group

380

7. QBL Query By QBE is a method of
8. QCIF Example query creation that
allows the user to
search for documents
based on an example in
the form of a selected
text string or in the form
of a document name or
a list of documents.
Because the QBE
system formulates the
actual query, QBE is
easier to learn than
formal query languages,
such as the
standard SQL, while
still enabling powerful
searches.

Quarter videoconferencing
Common format that specifies
Intermediate data rates of 30 fps,
Format with each frame
containing 144 lines and
176 pixels per line.

381

9. QD Queuing refers to the delay
Delay imposed on a cell by
its having to be
buffered because of
unavailability of
resources to pass the
cell onto the next
network function or
element.

10. QDF Quicken File name extension
Data File by Intuit

382

11. QDOS Quick And An early personal
Dirty computer operating
Operating system rumored to be
System the forerunner of PC-
DOS and MS-DOS.

12. QDR Quad Data a type of static RAM
Rate computer memory that
can transfer up to four
words of data in each
clock cycle.

383

13. QEMM Quarterdeck DOS and Windows
14. QFE Expanded memory manager
Memory from Quarterdeck
Manager Office Systems,
Santa Monica,
Quick Fix California; used for
Engineering IBM PCs with an
Intel 80386 or higher
processor.

QFE is a Microsoft
term for the delivery
of individual service
updates to its
operating systems
and application
programs such as
Word. Formerly
called a hotfix,
"QFE" can be used to
describe both the
method of delivering
and applying a patch
or fix, and also to
refer to any
individual fix.

384

15. QFP Quoted For an integrated circuit
Permanence package with leads
extending from each
of the four sides.

16 QI Query database system that
Interface can be accessed by
phone client programs
to retrieve and edit
entries in the server.
This is generally used
for phonebook
services, but can be
used in any database
application.

385