Revised Social Studies book 5 Correct for 2077 for ctp

Approved by Government of Nepal, CDC, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur.

Shubharambha

Social Studies & Creative Arts

Book~5

Author
Mrs. Sangeeta Thebe

Editors
Maj. Gen. (R) Ananta Bahadur Thebe

Mr. Dharmendra Timsina

Shubharambha Publication Pvt. Ltd.

Kathmandu, Nepal

Shubharambha

Social Studies & Creative Arts

Book~5

Published by:

Shubharambha Publication Pvt. Ltd.
Kathmandu, Nepal

Edition:

First : 2070 B.S.
Second : 2072 B.S.
Revised and Updated : 2075 B.S.

Layout:

Sachin Maharjan

©Copyright:

Publisher

Art work:

Rajendra Rana Magar

ISBN: 978-9937-579-28-5

Printed in Nepal

Preface

About the book

Shubharambha Social Studies series is a thoughtfully prepared

series of text books for school children. The series has two sets of books:
Primary Level – KG to V and Secondary Level VI to X. It is designed
especially for the children of private and boarding schools. The series is
purely based on the curriculum prescribed by Curriculum Development
Center (CDC), Government of Nepal.

While preparing the series, my own long social studies teaching and
social studies text books writing experiences, present day social-economic-
political environment and above all children’s psychology have been my
guidelines. I hope the series will be effective in enhancing and consolidating
the children’s creativity and interest in learning social studies in the present
day environment. I am also confident that the series will fulfill CDC/
Government of Nepal’s objectives and address the needs and expectations
of students and teachers alike.

Salient Features of this book:

• Purely based on the curriculum prescribed by CDC, Government of
Nepal.

• Each unit objectives are well focused, duly aimed and amply
covered.

• Appropriately graded series for fulfilling the requirements of the
students in the changing domestic and international environment.

• Prepared keeping in mind students’ age, psychology, and modern
teaching - learning techniques, methodologies and philosophies.

• Contents presented in orderly and logical fashion strictly following
the CDC syllabus.

• Concepts developed gradually from simple to complex order to
facilitate easy understanding and assimilation.

• Simple language, own environment based examples, interesting
concepts and multi-coloured illustrations.

• Interesting, stimulating and fun filled activities for quick learning and
assimilation included.

• Lessons are presented in interesting ways such as stories, dialogues,
letters, biographies etc with appropriate pictures and own environment
based examples.

• Social norms, values, traditions, historical facts and correct geographical
setting are given due attention.

• Social, ethnic, religious, cultural, geographical diversities and gender
equality are well considered.

• Wide varieties of exercises, in-class activities and community based
project works are included.

• Creativity, imagination and children centered fun filled arts and crafts
for primary level.

• Designed and developed to engaging and involving the children in the
learning process physically and mentally.

• Students- centric and teacher-friendly concept are incorporated.
• Teacher’s note for effective teaching- learning activities and purposeful

use of textbooks.
• Attractive and children friendly design, layout, illustrations, colour and

concept.

I highly welcome and appreciate constructive opinion and valuable
comments and suggestions from experts, teachers and intellectuals. I would
like to express my sincere thanks to the Publisher, language editors, layout and
designer, my students and to those who inspired me to write and have been
involved in bringing out this series.

My sincere gratitude and special thanks goes to Mr. Sujan Acharya,
Mr. Ram Prasad Bhusal and Mr. Narayan Kumar Khadka for their valuable
suggestions and opinions to edit this series very sincerely.

Author

Unit 1 Me, My Family and Neighbours Table of Content
My Neighbours’ Occupations
Helping in the Community Work Page No.
Hajur Babu’s Golden Advice 7
Learn From Jairam 8
Forgive Me My Friend!
12
Unit 2 Our Traditions, Social Values and Norms 16
Our Customs and Traditions 20
Our Colourful Culture 24
Our Glorious Festivals
Nepal: Our Country, Our Pride! 28
Good People: Good Deeds 29
33
Unit 3 Social Problems and Solutions 37
Thank You Ekbal Sir! 41
Don’t Be Careless 45
Do Not Imitate Blindly
Thanks To Ujeli 49
Social Service Providing Organizations 50
Roles of Local Bodies 54
57
Unit 4 Civic Awareness 61
Our Fundamental Rights 65
Our Fundamental Duties 69
Our National Heritage
Our Social Customs and Practices 73
Provincial Government 74
Etiquette, Manners & Understanding 78
82
Unit 5 Our Earth 86
Physical Features and Soil of Nepal 90
Climate, Vegetation & Social Life of Nepal 94
Outline Map & Important Places of Nepal
Uses of Globe & Map 98
Our Neighbouring Countries 99
103
108
112
116

Unit 6 Our Past 124
In and Around Us 125
Ancient Nepal 129
Our National Heroes and Builders 133
Our Head of State and Head of Government 140

Unit 7 Our Economic Activities 143
Respect to Work 144
Care of School Properties 148
Use of Local Goods 151
Our Economic Activities 155

Unit 8 Creative Activties 161
Learn to Draw Step by Step 162
Fruit and Vegetable Prints 163
Leaf Painting 165
Spray Painting 167
Colourful Paper Collage 168
Origami is Fun 169
Clay Work 170
Wire Sculpture 172
Paper Cut pattern & Design 173
Papier Mache Craft 175
Paper Weaving Pattern 178
Children Song 181
Class Song 182
National Anthem 183
Local Musical Instruments 184

Glossary 186

Unit -1

Me, My Family and
Neighbours

Lesson 1 My Neighbours’ Occupations
Lesson 2 Helping in the Community

Work
Lesson 3 Hajur Babu’s Golden Advice
Lesson 4 Learn From Jairam
Lesson 5 Forgive Me My Friend!

Lesson My Neighbours’ Occupations

1 Objectives : At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:
learn about different types of occupations, and
know the occupations followed by their neighours.

Teacher: Children, we all live in a neighbourhood. People living
in our neighbourhood are engaged in different types
of occupations like agriculture, industry, business and
service. As you all live in a neighbourhood, can you
tell about your neighbours and their occupations? The
lesson will be more interesting if you all share your
ideas.

Imran: Bunu is my friend. She lives near my house. She has
a big and happy family. Her parents are farmers. They
grow different kinds of seasonal vegetables. We need
not go to the market to buy vegetables. We all get fresh

Note to the teacher: Discuss with students the types of works people do for their living. Ask what
works their family members do. Ask them to make a list of all types of works or occupations they
know. You can ask them what work they want to do in future.

8 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

vegetables at her father’s farm.
Bunu’s grandparents rear cows and buffaloes. We buy

fresh milk and curd from them. Bunu’s uncle is a teacher.
Her aunt runs a tailoring shop. I get help from her uncle
when I have difficulties in my studies. All my family
members wear clothes made by Bunu’s aunt.
Jenisha: Imran, my neighbouhood is not less than yours. There is
a Grocery next to my house. It is run by Gopal brother.
He keeps all the items of daily use in his shop. His shop
is not less than a small department store. He always
gives a packet of chocolates to those students who come
first in their class. He encourages us to study hard.
Gopal brother's wife is a nurse. She
is very helpful. She gives her service
when someone gets sick in the
neighbourhood.
Gopal brother has a brother too. His
name is Kushal. He and his wife run a
restaurant. Sometimes, they take my
brother and me to their restaurant
during weekend. They are very nice
and helpful neighbours. We are lucky
to have neighbours like them.
Teacher: We are having a tough competition of neighbours. It
seems that everyone's neighbour is equally important
and capable themselves. Now who is the next one to
share about his/her neighbour?
Mausam: Teacher, do you see that flower vase on your table? That
is made by my neighbour. His name is Bhajuratna uncle.
He is a potter. He makes earthen pots, jars, cups, plates
and decorative items.
His wife is a weaver. She weaves basket, mini basket,
small mat, mandro, mat from bamboo strips (choya)
and straws.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 9

They have a son named Bishal and a daughter called
Gyanishova. Bishal brother is an electrician and
Gyanishova sister works in the post office. They both
have good jobs. They want their parents to stop working
and enjoy life. But Bhajuratna uncle and aunty do not
like to stay idle. They are very thoughtful parents.

Nodup: Teacher, if you need
fresh mushroom, you
can tell me. One of
my neighbours is a
mushroom farmer. His
name is Uday uncle. Once
he took all the children
of our neighbourhood to
his farm. There we saw
husk (bhush) of wheat
(gahu), hay (paral),
white plastics and boiling
water. When we asked
him, he said that those
were the things needed to grow mushrooms. It was very
interesting to be there. He gave a packet of mushroom
to each of us to carry at home. The mushroom curry is
so delicious.

His wife runs a gift shop. We go there to buy gifts on
various occasions like birthdays.

Anup is my another neighbour. His father is a blacksmith.
He makes iron tools like tiny spad, spad, sickle, khukuri,
knives, etc. My grandmother and mother are his close
friends.

There is another neighbor next to his house. He is my
father’s close friend. He is also one of our neighbours.
My father has to go to him very often. Can you guess
who is he? He is Nishant dai, a motorcycle mechanic.
My father gets his motorcycle repaired by him.

10 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Evaluation Activities:

1. Write the names of occupations that your neighbours have
undertaken.

2. Write the names of occupations taken by your family members.

3. Write the names of occupations followed by different people in
your village or town.

4. Observe and note down the name of occupations of people on
the way to your school. Draw a diagram showing the route to your
school from your home. Now, write the names of occupations on
both sides of the road.

5. Write about your neighbours under the following headings.

Occupations of Neighbours Benefits of the Occupations

6. Fill in the blanks:

a. The people who live near our house are called ……………….

b. The person who sells things in the shop is called a ………….

c. The person who repairs motorcycle is called a …………………

d. The person who makes earthen pots is called a ………………

e. The person who works in electricity wires is called an
…………..

7. Write the name of occupations and works people do in the
neighbourhood of Imran, Jenisha, Mausam and Nodup. For
example:

Imrans’s Neighbours and their occupations:
Name of Neighbours Name of Occupations Work They Do

We can tell the occupations of our neighbours. 11

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Lesson Helping in the Community Work

2 Objectives : At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:
know about the community works, and
learn that they should also help in the community works.

Hemant, Ekta, Lily and Parag are four special friends. Their group's
name is HELP. They all live in a village. Everyone in the village
knows about the HELP group. No one hesitates to call them for
help when needed. They also like to help anyone at any time. No
wonder, why their collective name is HELP.

They are also good at studies. Sometimes, the people of the village
wish that they also had children like them. Perhaps, you all would
like to know why they are so popular in the village.

The construction of a health post is going on in the village. All
the villagers have been gathered to help in construction work. As

Note to the teacher: Encourage the students to participate and help in any kinds of works carried
out in the community according to their ability.

12 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

it is Saturday, the HELP group members are also there. They are
carrying bricks, stones and serving drinking water to the workers.
All the people are happy there to see them helping like this.

Hemanta, Ekta, Lily and Parag also helps in their community
during the time of festivals. They set up linge-ping for the children
with the help of elders. They take care of small children on special
occasions. This helps the parents to be free for their work.

They always manage time to clean the village temple, inn and
platforms. Do you know why? They have a great respect for old
and elderly people. These people like to go to temple early in the
morning. They like to sit and relax in platforms and talk about
bygone days and spend time there. Sometimes, they also give them
company and listen to their past stories. Their blessings encourage
them towards good work.

No one in the village can forget how the HELP group once helped
the people during a marriage ceremony. It was Mohan brother's

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 13

marriage. Everyone was busy doing something and so were the
members of HELP group.

All of sudden, a fire broke out from the kitchen. There were fire
wood and kerosene nearby. Everyone stared to panic and ran here
and there.

A horrific accident was likely to occur. Hemant and Parag hurriedly
ran to the village public booth and called the fire brigade. The fire
brigade came and put off the fire immediately.

They saved the lives and property of the villagers from a big
accident. The villagers thanked Hemant and Parag for their kind
help.

This Saturday, there
is a programme to
administer polio
drops and Vitamin
‘A’ to the small
children of the
neighbourhood.

It is going to be held
in the village school.
The HELP group is
making sure that every small child is taken there.

They are cleaning the path to school. They have also decided
to clean the school areas, set benches for the people and make
arrangements of drinking water on the programme day.

Can you tell me the full form of HELP now?

We help in the community work as much as we can.

14 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Evaluation Activities:

1. Make a list of community works that you have seen in your
community.

2. What kind of help can you offer to the following public places in
your community?

a. Road b. Public tap c. Public ground d. Public Library

3. Choose the correct word from the given boxes and complete the
story. Give a suitable title to the story.

community well Punya Prasad good water

remembers drinking water died far wanted

Once there was an old man. His name was ……………………. He
lived in a …………………. There was a problem of ………………….
People had to go ……………to get …………………… . So the old
man …………… to do something ………….. for the community
before he……… . So he dug a ….. in the middle of the village.
Now, everyone ………………..him.

4. Answer the following questions.

a. What is the full form of HELP?

b. How do the four special friends help to construct the health
post?

c. How do they help parents during special occasions?

d. Why do they like to clean mandhir, pati-pauwa and chautara?

e. Who helped when the fire broke out during the marriage
and how?

f. How have they decided to help during the polio and vitaminA
programme?

5. Write three community works done in the village and city in the

given column.

Community works done in the Community works done in the

village city

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 15

Lesson Grand Father's Golden Advice

3 Objectives : At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:
learn to behave well with their neighbours, and
learn to respect the elders and to love the youngsters.

Muna and Madan are twins. They are good children. They behave
well with their neighbours. They know how to respect the elders
and love the juniors. They are liked by their friends and neighbours
because of their good behavior.

Muna: Madan, it is Saturday today. Our friends Biraj, Merry and
Feroz have called us to Niruta’s house. Let's go there. Niruta must
be waiting.

Madan: Namaste! Grandfather. We are Muna and Madan. We have
come to play with Niruta. Where is she? Can we play with her for
some time?

Grandfather: Niruta is with her grandmother. Her grandmother is
not feeling well.

Muna: We are very sorry to hear this. Can we go and see the grand
mother.

Madan: Namaste! Grandmother. We heard you are not feeling well.
What happened to you? How are you feeling now? Is Niruta, our
friend taking good care of you?

Grandmother: Yes, she is. I am feeling much better now. It is
Saturday today, you must have come to play with Niruta, haven’t
you?

Muna: It’s alright, grandmother. We can play next Saturday. Niruta,
we would also like to help you. What can we do for you?

Niruta: My parents have gone to get medicine for grand mother.
Can you look after my little brother, Nirmal till my parents come?

Note to the teacher: Students should be motivated to cultivate good habits. Good manners make
a person nice to know.

16 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

He must be with grandfather in the garden. My grandfather cannot
take care of him for a long time. He keeps running here and there
and makes grandfather tired.

Madan: Yes, why not? Muna you stay with Niruta. I will go and
look after Nirmal. I will go and help to grandfather. He must be
tired.

Grandfather: Niruta your brother is crying aloud. Come and see
what has happened to him?

Madan: Grandfather, don’t worry! I will look after Nirmal. He is
crying. He must have fallen down.

Grandfather: Madan, it is very difficult to look after Nirmal. He
likes to play with water all the time. Help him to change his wet
clothes. He might catch cold.

Madan: Nirmal, stop crying. Nothing has happened to you. You
have got wet playing with water. Let me change your wet clothes,
otherwise, you will catch cold. Don’t play too much with water.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 17

Don’t give trouble to grandfather. If you behave well, I will give
you some sweets.

Grandfather: Madan, what
magic did you do to Nirmal?
He has changed his wet
clothes, combed his hair and
is looking very nice. Let us
take him to his grand mother.
She will be happy to see him.

Madan: Grandfather, you
don’t have to do big magic to
make small children happy.
Magic of love and care is
enough. Let us go to see grandmother.

Muna: Grandmother, you have to get well soon for us. It is my
birthday next Saturday Our father will not be at home. Our mother
will be busy preparing for worshiping.

We always used to go to temple during our birthdays with our
parents. But, this time you have to take us to the temple. All of you
have to come to the birthday party in the evening.

Madan: We have already invited our friends and their parents.

Niruta: Friends, do you remember Feroz has called us at the Id
festival. He has also told us to celebrate Christmas together. We
should all go together. We are so lucky to have good friends and
good neighbours.

Grandfather: Just like Madan has his magic, I too have a golden
advice, “Children, your friends and neighbours are like you. You
will make good friends and good neighbours with the help of your
good manners and behavior."

We should respect our elders and love juniors.

18 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Evaluation Activities:

1. Write the name of your two good friends. Also mention why they
are your good friends.

2. Write any two ways to show your love to the youngsters.

3. How do you respect and address the elders when you go to your
friend’s house? Write the relation and words of respect.

4. How do you show your good manners and behaviour to your
neighbours?

5. Choose the correct respectful word from the given boxes and

complete the given dialogue.

Sure Uncle! How are you? Don’t worry!

Thank You! I am very sorry. Namaste!

Priya: …………………………. Uncle, ……………………….

Uncle: I am fine. An urgent call came this morning. So I have
to go to Pokhara immediately.

Priya: ……………………………………….., Uncle. Can I help you?

Uncle: Thank you Priya. Please look after your aunt. She is not
feeling well since yesterday.

Priya: ………………………………… I will tell my mother to prepare
food for her.

Uncle: I have kept her medicine on the table. Please give her
on time.

Priya: …………………………………. Uncle. We will all look after
her till you come.

Uncle: Priya, what do you want from me after I return from
Pokhara?

Priya: …………………………………… I don’t want anything. Have
a nice journey, Uncle.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 19

Lesson Learn From Jairam

4 Objectives : At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:
learn that all the people are equal in the neighbourhood, and
learn that we all have to treat and behave them equally.

There lives a rich old man in a
village. His name is Jairam. He has
two sons and a daughter. His sons
go to school but his daughter stays
at home. He is a man of traditional
thinking.

He thinks that girls need not study.
They should get married and go to
their husband’s house as early as
possible.

Many times his friends advise him
to send his daughter to school. But
he turned his deaf ears to their
advice. He discriminates people
in terms of position, caste, gender
and age.

He has a big and beautiful house but there is no happiness. His
wife had died while the children were very young. She suffered a
chronic illness. Jairam never thought of taking her to a doctor. It
was not because he could not afford but because the doctor was a
woman from a low caste family.

His two sons are very different in their characters. The eldest son,
Biren, is kind but the youngest son, Dhiren, is just like his father.
Many times, Biren gets punished from his father because he got
mixed up with poor and low caste boys.

Note to the teacher: Encourage the students not to discriminate their friends and neighbours. Tell
them to treat everyone equally.

20 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Jairam comes to know all about Biren from his brother. Whenever
Biren does something against his father’s wishes, then there will not
be any food for him. Dhiren always gets rewarded from his father
when Biren gets punished. If their mother was alive, Dhiren would
not be so rude and naughty. Biren was lucky enough to get his
mother’s care at least for some time, but Dhiren was unfortunate.
Their mother died when he was too small.

People are afraid of Jairam. No one dares to discuss or ask questions
to him. Jairam thinks this is how he is respected. He marries off
his daughter against her wish to a high caste rich man much older
than her. But he is not like Jairam. He lets her go to school and
study as much as she likes.

Now Jairam has grown older. His health too is going down. So
one day, he calls his sons. He divides his properties between them.
He gives the house to his youngest son whom he loves more than
Biren.

He decides to live with him. He gives the fields to Biren where hard
work is needed to grow crops. Biren marries a simple educated girl.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 21

Dhiren marries to a high caste rich girl according to his father’s
wish.

Biren starts living separately. He has no problem to find people
to help him in the field. He has many childhood friends. They are
of different castes and status: rich, poor, high and low castes and
follow different religions. He respects women and old people. When
they come to him asking for work, he gives them work according to
their age and ability.
He respects their
feelings.

He has a happy
family. Both of his
children, a son and
a daughter go to
school. Biren makes
good income from
his field.

But the situation is
different in Jairam’s
house. He is ill-
treated by his son
and daughter-in-law because he is old and weak.

They have no time to look after him. The people who care for him
now are the ones whom he hated for being poor, low caste and
women. He can’t ignore them now because he needs their help.

Now Jairam realizes his mistakes. He thinks, the miserable life
he is going through is the result of the sin he has committed. He
remembers his eldest son Biren and wipes his tearful eyes.

He wishes his son Biren would come and take care of him. On the
other hand, Biren thinks that his father will never change, come
and live with him. He doesn't know that his father Jairam has
changed himself. Sooner or later one has to bear the fruits of his
deeds. May be this is true with Jairam too.

22 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Evaluation Activities:

1. Write ‘T’ for True and ‘F’ for false statement.

a. Son and daughter should not be treated equally.
b. Wealth brings all the happiness required.
c. We should differentiate between people according to their

caste and religion.
d. Girls need not go to school.
e. We reap what we sow.

2. Answer the following questions:

a. What is discrimination?
b. Who discriminates people in the village?
c. Why do you think people discriminate others?
d. Who gets rewards all the time?
e. Who is kind to everyone in the village?
f. What do you learn from Jairam?
g. Who ill treats Jairam and why?
h. Who realizes one's mistakes?
i. What do you think make a person behave differently?

3. Why do we have to treat people equally? Write in two sentences.

We should not discriminate anybody.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 23

Lesson Forgive Me My Friend!

5 Objectives : At the end of this lesson, the students will be able:
to understand the feelings of others, and
to show sympathy towards others.

Raj studies in class five. Recently Raj’s father got posted to the hill
from the terai. So, Raj is a new student in the class. He does not
know many of the students in his class and school yet.

Sir: Good morning, class five. Today we have a new student.
His name is Raj. He is from Terai. I am sure you all will
cooperate with him and make him feel comfortable.

Bhanu: Raj, have you got all the books? Our exam is coming soon.
You have missed many classes. If there is any problem,
you can ask me?

Raj: Thank you, Bhanu. You are so nice to me. If I need any
help, I will definitely tell you. By the way, I did not get the
science book in the market. Could you lend me your book
for today?

Note to the teacher: Discuss with students the types of works people do for their living. Ask what
works their family members do. Ask them to make a list of all types of works or occupations they
know. You can ask them what work they want to do in future.

24 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Bhanu: Yes, why not? I have already finished my homework in
my lunch time. Remind me to give you the book before
you go home.

Raj: Last period is games period, isn’t it? Can I use your science
book in that period? I have missed lots of classes. I don’t
know how to make it up.

Bhanu: Stop worrying, Raj. I will help you all I can. Let the bell
ring. Let me go for games. You can open my school bag
yourself and see all my works.

(Next day, Bhanu looks sad because his science homework
copy is lost)

Bhanu: Raj, I can’t find my science homework copy. Did you take
it home?

Raj: No, Bhanu. I did not take out your science copy. If I wanted
to take, I would tell you.

Bhanu: I am sorry, Raj. I have never lost any of my copies before.
Once again Raj, if you have taken my copy please return
it to me. Otherwise, I will report it to the Principal.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 25

Raj: Bhanu, you are insulting me in front of all the students.
Why don’t you believe me? I thought you were my best
friend. Why don’t you ask other students as well? One of
them might have taken your copy by mistake.

Bhanu: I have asked them all. Now, I will go and report to the
Principal.

(Raj tells the Principal the truth that he is innocent. His
eyes are full of tears)

(Next day, Raj is absent in the class. Bhanu’s doubts become
even stronger)

Sudhir: Bhanu, as you know I was absent yesterday. Your science
home work copy was inside my bag. I took it by mistake
when we were having lunch together. You were doing
your science homework at that time, weren’t you? My
copy was also there. Our class teacher called you and you
left immediately. Sorry, I took your copy.

Bhanu: Sudhir, if you were not absent, things would have been
different. I made a great mistake by hurting Raj. I accused
him of taking my science copy in front of all the students.
I even took him to the Principal. Today Raj didn’t come to
school.

Sudhir: Bhanu, you shouldn’t have behaved like that with Raj.
He must have been badly hurt due to your behavior. You
should have at least thought for a minute where your copy
could be. Being a new student, Raj could not convince
you.

Bhanu: I am sorry. It was my great mistake. I was the one who
asked Raj to open my bag and see all the works because
he had missed many classes. That was the only thing in
my mind. So I accused Raj. I never tried to understand his
feelings. Let’s go to his house and apologize. I will never
hurt anyone from now on. Forgive me my friends!

26 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Evaluation Activities:

1. Read the given dialogue between two friends and give your
advice to them.

Maya: Diya, my new pen was right here on the desk. It is
missing. You must have taken it. Please give it back to
me.

Diya: Maya, I have not taken your pen. I have my own pen.
Why should I take your pen?

Maya: My pen is new and you must have liked my pen very
much. So please return my pen.

Diya: Maya, I am your desk partner. It does not mean I took
your pen.

2. Suppose you hurt one of your good friends. S/he no longer wants
to be your friend. Now you want to apologize. What will you say to
win his/ her heart?

3. Answer the following questions:

a. Who is a new student in the class? Who wants to help
him?

b. Who lost science homework copy? Who had taken it?

c. Why do you think Bhanu accused Raj of taking his science
copy?

d. Why do you think Raj did not come to school?

e. Who made a great mistake?

f. What do you learn from the lesson?

We should have sympathy on others.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 27

Unit - 2

Our Traditions, Social
Values and Norms

Lesson 1 Our Customs and Traditions
Lesson 2 Our Colourful Culture
Lesson 3 Our Glorious Festivals
Lesson 4 Nepal: Our Country, Our Pride!
Lesson 5 Good People: Good Deeds

Lesson Our Customs and Traditions

1 Objectives : At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:
know that good customs and traditions should be followed, and
know that bad customs and traditions must be ended.

My dear John,

How are you? When are you coming to visit Nepal again?
I received your letter. I am happy that you want to know about
the customs and traditions of Nepal. John, my country is rich in
customs and traditions. There are both good and bad customs
practised here.

John, I feel proud to mention about the good customs
and traditions of our country. They are the valuable gifts of our
ancestors. According to our custom and tradition, we should show
deep respect and regards to our elders. We respect our parents,

Note to the teacher: Ask students about the good and bad customs and traditions of our society.
Tell them why good customs should be continued and the bad customs should be removed from
the society. Ask their opinions as well.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 29

teachers and guests as gods. We celebrate Father’s and Mother’s
Day.

These days, sons and daughters pay visit to their parents.
They offer delicious food, sweets and gifts to their parents. Such
days teach every child to value
and give respect to their parents.
We look after and give love and
care to our grandparents and
parents when they get old.

Majority of people in Nepal
are Hindus. They celebrate many
festivals. Dashain and Tihar are
main Hindu festivals. Dasian
teaches people to love and respect
each other. Tihar is also called
the festival of lights. During
Tihar, people worship Laxmi, the
goddess of wealth. In order to
welcome the goddess, they clean
and paint their houses.

Bhaitika is one of the most
important events of Tihar. In bhai tika, sisters worship brothers
and put tika on their foreheads and brothers offer gifts to sisters.
It promotes the bond of love and respect between brothers and
sisters.

There is another festival called Maghe Sankranti which falls
on the first day of Magh. People eat ghiu-chaku, sel roti, yam, etc
on this day. Do you know why? They do so, because these foods
give heat and energy in the cold winter month of Magh. These are
some of the good customs and traditions of my country.

John, I must say there are bad customs and evil practices as
well. They are associated with superstitions and blind beliefs. There
are still discriminations among people on the ground of gender,

30 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

power, position, caste and religion. Polygamy, child marriage,
untouchability and dowry system are still practiced in some parts
and by some communities in Nepal.

There are people,
who still believe in ghosts
and evil spirits. When they
fall sick, they think it is
because of evil spirits. They
are not aware that disease
is caused by harmful germs,
bacteria and bad habits.

They prefer to go
to witch-doctors (Dhami-
Jhankri) instead of going to
doctors. Due to such blind
beliefs and evil practices,
many people bear untimely
death. In villages and
remote areas, innocent
people are accused of
being witch and tortured
inhumanly.

These bad social customs and traditions must be stopped.
They hinder the development of the country. People need to be
educated and made aware of such bad customs, tradition and their
ill effects to the society.

We should preserve and promote the good customs and
traditions, shouldn’t we? Good customs and traditions are our
identities. They help us to develop our society and country.

This much for today. I will write more in my next letter.

Yours Best friend

Arpan

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 31

Evaluation Activities:

1. Mention any four good customs and traditions followed in your
society. Give reasons why they are considered good.

Good Customs and Traditions Reasons to Follow

2. What advice do you want to give to those people who follow bad
customs and traditions?

3. Mention any four bad customs and traditions of our society.
Suggest some ways to reform them.

Bad Customs and Traditions Ways to Bring Reforms

4. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.

a. Nepal is rich in ............. and .....................
b. Customs and traditions are .................... of our ancestors.
c. We respect our .................. , ............. and ....... as gods.
d. Dashain is a festival of .......... and ............
e. Brothers are worshiped at .............

5. Answer the following questions.

a. What do you think is the root cause of social evils in the
society?

b. Why should we end bad customs and traditions?
c. What is the key to the development of a country?
d. What are good customs and traditions?
e. Why should we preserve good customs and traditions?
c. How can we stop the bad customs of our society?

5. “Do not enter into the temple. You are untouchable.”

What advice do you want to give to a person who speaks
the above dialogue?

We should reform bad customs and follow good customs.

32 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Lesson Our Colourful Culture

2 Objectives : At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:
know about the languages and costumes of our community, and
understand that unity in diversity is the beauty of our community.

It is children’s day today. On this occasion, Mt Makalu School of
Sainbu, Lalitpur has organized a Cultural Programme in school.
The stage and walls are all covered with pictures and posters of
people belonging to different castes and ethnic groups.

All children and teachers have worn their traditional costumes. Parents
are also invited. They too have worn their traditional costumes and
ornaments. Two senior students, Anushri and Yunchong are acting
as the masters of ceremony. In addition to running the programme,
they are taking pictures and interviews of the guests present. They
too are looking very happy and excited. Anushri is wearing Newari
and Yunchong is wearing Sherpa’s custumes.

Anushri: Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, brothers and
sisters! Now, we are going to start the programme.
The first item is the national anthem. May I request
all of you to stand up.

;of}F yF'uf km" nsf xfdL Pp6} dfnf g]kfnL
;fj{ef}d eO{ km}lnPsf dr] L dxfsfnL ==========

Note to the teacher: Encourage the students to know about their traditional costumes and
mother languages. They should also know about others.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 33

Many people of different castes and ethnic tribes:
Newar, Tamang, Gurung, Rai, Limbu, Sherpa, Magar,
Tharu, Rajbansi, Bahun, Chettri, Sunuwar, Thakali
and many more are gathered there. After the national
anthem, various cultural dances are presented in the
musical background of songs like “Syathari Goda,
Eutai Chal, Sayathari Baja Eutai Tal”.

All the people dance with the tune of the songs. The
school premises is looking like a beautiful garden of
colourful flowers.

In the crowd, Yunchong and Anushri see one lady in
colorful costumes dancing in the tune of music. They
go to her to take her interview.

Yunchong: Namaste! madam. I am Yunchong and she is Anushri.
Your dress and ornaments are so attractive. They must
be your traditional costumes and ornaments, aren’t
they? Can you tell us which caste do you belong to
and what language do you speak, please?

Madam: I am Parbata Saru. I belong to the Magar community.
I speak Magar language. I have worn our traditional
34 costume phariya, chaubandi cholo (blouse) and patuka

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

(waist band) and majetro (shawl). The ornaments are
ring on the ears, nose-ring on the nose and nose-ping
on the left nostril, silver coin necklace and pote with
tilahari around my neck.

You two are also looking very gorgeous and beautiful.
Now, it is your turn to tell me, isn’t it?

Anushri: I am a Newari girl. I am wearing
traditional Newari costume. I am
wearing cholo, patuka, hakupatasi
and haku gacha.

I am wearing a gold plated
ornament on my head. It is called
loonswan, golden necklace called
tayo, kilip at the back of my head,
ear-ring called makansi and silver
bangles around the ankles called
kalli. I also have my own language.

Yunchong: I belong to the Sherpa community.
I am wearing knee length dress
called bakkhu and long sleeved
shirt called tulung. The pant like
costume is called nangoya. The
boots that I am wearing are called dochha.

In the meantime, an announcement is made to the
crowd to say the following slogan loudly,

“Hamro Bhasa Ramro,Hamro Bhesh Ramro, Hami
Sabai Jaat Atne Desh Ramro”

Yunchong: Respected ladies and gentlemen, brothers and sisters,
thank you all for coming and making the Children’s
Day Programme a grand success. Let us be proud of
our rich and colourful culture.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 35

Evaluation Activities:

1. Complete the given table about your village, community or
district.

Castes/Ethnic Languages Costumes Ornaments
Tribes of People Spoken Worn Worn

2. There must be students belonging to different castes and ethnic
tribes in your classroom. Compile or collect as many words as
possible in different languages. Try to learn some of them.

3. xfdL ;a} gk] fnL Ps xf}+ . gk] fn xfd|f] ;femf 3/ xf] . xfdL ldn/] g]kfn agfpF .
Translate the above given sentences in your mother language.
(Take the help of elders). Display the work in your classroom.

4. We all belong to different castes, and follow different religions,
and speak different languages. Write what we share in common.

5. What is the meaning of the lines from song given below? Write in a
paragraph.

æ;o y/L uf]8f Pp6} rfn
;o y/L afhf Pp6} tfnÆ

6. Why do you think people wear different costumes and
ornaments?

7. What do you think we should do to live peacefully in the society?

8. Draw any one traditional costume worn by the people in your
community. Write about it in a paragraph.

Nepal is our common home, we all should love it.

36 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Lesson Our Glorious Festivals

3 Objectives : At the end of this lesson, the students will be able:
to know the names of festivals celebrated in their district, and
to know that festivals should be observed harmoniously.

Gaura Parva Celebrated in Far-Western Region

Dhangadi, Shrawan 24:

Gaura Parva is one of
the most important festivals
of the far Western Region
of Nepal. This festival is
observed by worshipping Lord
Shiva, Parvati and Ganesh.
Gaura Parva starts from
the day of Krishna Janma
Asthami. It lasts for five days.
It is specially the occasion of
married women. They believe
that the Goddess Gauri grants
and fulfills their wishes during
this parva.

According to the legend,
Lord Shiva was devastated
after the death of his wife Sati
Devi. Sati Devi was again born
as Gauri. She began to pray
for her marriage with Lord Shiva. Her prayer was heard on the
fifth day. That is why, this day is celebrated as Gaura, when married
women fast for five days. The women worship Gauri Maheswor by
offering mixture of five grains known as Panchabiruda. Thus, this
festival is also known as Biruda Parva.

Note to the teacher: Encourage students to know the festivals of our country. They should know
how and where these festivals are celebrated. Teach them the importance of economizing while
celebrating festivals.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 37

Deuda dance is the major feature of this festival. Gaura
Parva and Deuda dance signify mutual understanding, peace and
prosperity among each other.
Many festivals are celebrated in our country. Among them
some are religious and some are cultural. Dashain, Tihar, Ram
Nawami, Chhath, Christmas, Baisakh Purnima, Janai Purnima,
Id, Teej, Gaura Parva, etc. are religious festivals. Udhauli-Ubhauli,
Lhosar, Maghe Sankranti, Father’s Day, Mother’s Day, New Year,
Jatras etc. are cultural festivals. All these festivals are marked in a
calendar. Public holidays are given in some of these festivals.
Importance of festivals:
Festivals add spices and give enjoyment in our normal life.
We all enjoy during festivals. All the members of the family gather
together. Those who are far from their family members come
home. People forget their pain, sorrow and enmity. They forgive
their enemies. Everyone shares happiness with each other. Every
festival increases mutual understanding and good will.

38 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Festivals are the parts of our social life. We should give respect to
all the festivals. Festivals should be celebrated with harmony and
understanding considering one’s economic condition. There is a
saying “cut your coat according to your cloth”. Otherwise, minutes
of happiness may turn into lifetime sorrows.

We should never compare ourselves with others while celebrating
festivals. We must keep a balance between our income and
expenditure. Then only we can enjoy every festival. Besides
celebrating our own festivals, we should also enjoy and participate
in other’s festivals. This will bring unity and harmony among us in
the society.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 39

Evaluation Activities:

1. Name the festivals that you celebrate in your family. Write a
paragraph about the festival that you enjoy the most.

2. Write the names of festivals and Jatras celebrated in your district.

Name of Festivals Names of Jatras

3. There are many jatras celebrated in our neighbourhood or
community. Collect information about any one of the jatras from
your friends and neighbours. Write a paragraph about it.

4. Look at the yearly calendar and make a list of festivals. Prepare
columns in your exercise copy as given below. Complete the
columns.

Months Festivals Date /Day Religion castes
Baisakh
Jestha
Ashad
Srawan
Bhadra

5. Class Activities: Suppose, there are some festivals in each month.
Divide the class into 4 groups and ask them to do the following:

Group A: Collects and writes about festival/festivals.

Group B: Collects pictures and posters from newspaper,
magazine, etc.

Group C: Arranges them in the chart paper.

Group D: Gives suitable title and decorates the chart paper.
Displays it in your school bulletin board for other
students’ knowledge.

We should celebrate our festivals without pomps and shows.

40 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Lesson Nepal: Our Country, Our Pride!

4 Objectives : At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:
know the unique features of our country, and
feel proud to be born in Nepal and be Nepali.

Four friends Yug, Riyad, Kusu and Aroma are in the children’s park.
Two foreign tourists come to them.

Yug: Hello! I am Yug. What are your names? Where have
you come from?

Tourists: I am Jena and he is my friend, Paul. We both are from
Switzerland. Both of us are students. We have come to
study about the people and places of Nepal. We know
that Nepal is a landlocked country like Switzerland.
Our country, Switzerland is a very beautiful country.
We are proud of our country. You are also proud of
your country, aren’t you?

Yug: Of course, we are proud of our country. If you are
interested, we can tell you more about our country.

Mt. Everest

Note to the teacher: Ask students to know about the unique features of our country. Tell them
to love and feel proud of their nation.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 41

Paul: Very nice of you. Let’s sit down and talk.
Yug:
Nepal is a mountainous country. It is full of natural
beauty. There are many beautiful mountains higher
than 5000m. The highest mountains in the world,
Sagarmatha (Mt. Everest) is in Nepal. It is 8848m
high. The third highest mountain, Mt. Kanchanjungha
also lies in Nepal. It is 8586m high. There are several
other beautiful mountains in Nepal.

Mt. Annapurna,

Kusu: We are equally rich in rivers and lakes. We have about
6000 rivers. We have three big perennial rivers. They
Riyad: are Koshi, Gandaki and Karnali. They originate from
the snow clad Himalayas in the north and flow down
to the south. We have the deepest gorge in the world
Aroma: named ‘Dana’. It is 5,500m deep. Tilicho lake of Nepal
is situated in the highest altitude, 4919m.
42
Nepal is also a land of pilgrimage. People of Nepal
are very religious. There are many temples, gumbas,
churches and mosques. William Kirkpatrick, the first
Englishman to visit Nepal in the late 18th century had
remarked Kathmandu as a city having "Nearly as many
temples as there are houses and as many idols as there are
inhabitants”.

Nepal is the birth place of Lord Gautama Buddha. He
is known as the Light of Asia. Lumbini is the holy place
for all the Buddhists in the world.

Let me tell you about the heroes and builders of Nepal.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Pasang Lhamu Sherpa is the first Nepali woman to
climb Mt. Everest. She is our pride.

We have a very glorious history. The contributions of
our brave warriors like Amar Singh Thapa, Balabhadra

Kunwar and Bhakti Thapa can never be forgotten.
They never surrendered to the enemy.

Martyrs like Dharma Bhakta, Gangalal Shrestha,
Dashrath Chand, Shukra Raj Shastri sacrificed their
lives to free the Nepali people from the autocratic rule
of the Ranas.

Yug: Our country is very rich in art and culture. There are
ten cultural heritage sites enlisted in UNESCO's world
heritage list.

Jean: Isn’t it wonderful Paul? We will visit them all before
we leave Nepal.

Paul: Thank you very much. We came to know so much
about Nepal. We are happy that you love your country
so much.

Yug, Kusu, Riyad and Aroma: Nepal, Our Country, Our Pride!

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 43

Evaluation Activities:

1. Make a list of the social, cultural and geographical features that
make Nepal known to the rest of the world.

2. We all live in a community. Every community is different from the
other in its own aspect. Write a letter to your friend describing
some special features about your community.

3. Nepal has ten world heritage sites. Find out their names by
matching Column A and B correctly and write it in the given
space.

Column ‘A’ Column ‘B’

a. Lum: ………….................... a. patinath

b. Patan: ………….................... b. bhunath

c. Sagarmatha: ………….................... c. dhanath

d. Changu: ………….................... d. National Park

e. Bhaktapur: ………….................... e. Kathmandu

f. Pashu: ………….................... f. Durbar Square

g. Swayam: ………….................... g. bini

h. Boud: ………….................... h. national Park

i. Chitwan: ………….................... i. Durbar Square

j. Durbar Square : ………….................... j. narayan

4. Answer the following questions:

a. Name the world’s third highest mountain peak situated in
Nepal.

b. Name the deepest gorge of the world situated in Nepal.
c. What is the name of the lake situated in the highest

altitude?
d. Why do you think is Nepal a unique country?
e. Who is the first Nepali woman to climb Mt. Everest?

44 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Lesson Good People: Good Deeds

5 Objectives : At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:
know the good deeds of the people in the community, and
get inspiration from them to do good deeds.

My name is Parisrami. I live in Dolakha
district. People of my village, Maluka still
use firewood to cook food. The smoke
which comes out of the burning firewood
is not good for our health. One day
Rimraek Organization came to our district
headquarters bringing a programme of
‘improved oven & heart’. They conducted
training to help the village people. I also
took part in the training. Then I went
around the village making oven which
emits less smoke and uses less firewood. Villagers were satisfied
with its performance and started to appreciate my work.

Note to the teacher: Encourage students to know the names of people who have done good and
inspiring works in their village and district. Motivate the students to do good works like other
good people.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 45

The demand for such oven started to come from the adjacent villages
as well. My work was perfect. There was no problem with the oven
I made for the villagers. There are around five hundred and sixty
two houses in my village. Out of them four hundred and sixty six
houses have smokeless oven. This village has been declared as a
Smokeless village. Now people know me as an Oven Engineer.

I have received many district level awards for my work. The ministry
of environment has given me certificate for the contribution I have
made to protect the environment of the villages through smokeless
oven.

My name is Silpi. I am a social worker in Kailai district. I have
formed a female group for the welfare of women in various villages

of my district. Mahila

Samuha provides skill

Making of main batti development trainings to
those women who want

to earn extra income and

become independent.

These women are given
trainings to make wax
candles, incense, sinke
dhup, pickles, etc.

We help them to sell Making of pickle
their products in the
market. Now most
of the women in the
villages earn extra
income. They are able
to send their children
to schools and support
their family. I am
very grateful to the
members of female
group for their support.

46 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

My name is Paurakhi. I live in Gopalnagar of Chitwan. In the
beginning, I was a farmer. I used to grow crops and vegetables and
sell them in the market. But my income was not enough to support
my family. Hence, I started fish farming in my small plot of land.

I am able to make a good profit from this. The income is enough
to support my family. I also encourage other farmers to do fish
farming. Now, most of the farmers have changed their traditional
occupations and involved in fish farming.

Fish Farming Fishing

We have aimed at making our village an example in fish farming.
Now, there are one hundred and eighty fish ponds in Gopalnagar.
We have brought water from Rew Khola.

We have a plan to construct decent roads to our village so that we
can sell our fish in the nearby market at any time and make more
profit.

We know that there are many good people in every village and
district. We should know about them and be thankful for their
good work. All of us should get inspiration from these people.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 47

Evaluation Activities:

1. Write four qualities of a good person.

2. There are some famous people like social workers, doctors,
businessmen, artists, engineers, etc. gathered at a function in your
district headquarters. If you are given the opportunity to meet
them, what will you ask with them? Write in the given space.

Social Worker: ………………………………………………………….?
Doctor:………………………………………………………
Businessman: ……………………………………………………………
Artist :…………………………………………………………………
Engineer: ……………………………………………………………

3. What good deeds have Parisrami, Silpi and Paurakhi done for their
village and district? Write down in the table given below.

Parisrami Silpi Paurakhi

4. “My district is in a remote area. There is no proper road. It is difficult
to go from one place to another. People are farmers. They do not
earn enough to support their family. Most of the people are not
educated. There are no health and drinking water facilities. The
life is very difficult.”

Read the above given paragraph. What good work can you
do to help the people of this district? Write.

5. What do you think is the most serious problem in your community?
Write how you can help to solve this problem.

We know the good people of our district and we try to be like them.

48 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Unit -3

Social Problems and
Solutions

Lesson 1 Thank You Ekbal Sir!
Lesson 2 Don’t Be Careless
Lesson 3 Do Not Imitate Blindly
Lesson 4 Thanks To Ujeli
Lesson 5 Social Service Providing

Organizations
Lesson 6 Roles of Local Bodies

Lesson Thank You Ekbal Sir!

1 Objectives : At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:
learn to stay far from taking alcohol and cigarettes, and
learn to help those involved in bad habits.

Ram and Lakhan are brothers. They are married and have beautiful
children. Ram has a daughter named Manju whereas Lakhan has a
son named Rupak. Ram is two years older than Lakhan. They live
in the same village but in different houses. There lives one named
Ekbal. He teaches in the village school.

Ekbal: Rupak, why are you in the Village Chautara so early in
the morning?

Rupak: Ekbal sir, my father Lakhan, always drinks too much of
alcohol. He smokes cigarettes a lot. He comes home
late at night.

He often quarrels with my mother for no good reason.
When I go to help my mother, he beats me too. I have
not eaten anything since yesterday evening. I don’t
know if my mother has eaten or not.

Ekbal Sir: Rupak, don’t worry. I will go and talk to your father.
Come with me to my house and eat something.

Rupak: Sir, look at Ram uncle and his wife and their daughter,
Manju. She wears nice clothes. She has all the books,
copies, pencil and eraser she needs. But, we have no
good food to eat.

Most of the time, my mother has no money. My father’s
health is becoming worse day by day. All these things
trouble me. What to do, sir?.

Ekbal Sir: Rupak, you are an intelligent boy, aren't you? Do

Note to the teacher: Ask students to stay away of any bad habits. Tell them the ill effects of bad
habits. We should try to give advice to such people rather than ignoring them.

50 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five