Revised Social Studies book 5 Correct for 2077 for ctp

Lesson Use of Local Goods

3 Objectives : At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:
know the local products and their importance , and
learn why they should use locally produced goods in daily life.

We need many things to survive. Things produced by farmers in
the field are called agricultural products and things produced in
factories are called industrial products.

Nepal is an agricultural country.
Majority of the people are still
engaged in agricultural activities.
They produce many agriculture
related goods. Different crops like
paddy, maize, wheat, vegetables
and fruits are produced all over
our country.

The products differ from place

to place. Certain goods are

produced all over the country. However, some places are more

popular in producing certain things. Dhankuta, Panchthar, Illam,

Gorkha, Pokhara,

Dullu, Dailekh are

very popular for

producing oranges.

Similarly, Mustang,

Dolpa, Humla, Baitadi,

Helambu produce

good apples.

The terai region
grows jute, sugarcane,
mango, pineapple,

Note to the teacher: Ask students to find out and make a list of domestic products. Encourage
students to know about the goods produced in different parts of our country.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 151

banana, fish, etc. Vegetables are grown all over the country. Paddy
is mostly grown in terai, inner terai, bensi and tar.
There are small and cottage industries in villages and rural areas.
Many things like radi pakhi, doko, dalo, karuwa, hasiya, chiura, tel,
gundruk, sinki, dhaka cloth, handicrafts, etc. are produced locally.
Such small industries do not need much money to run them. The
family members themselves can manage such industries. Such local
products are generally of daily uses. They are made up of local
resources. Most of them are consumed locally. Some of the surplus
goods can be exported to other places as well. Such activities help
the local economy.

There are many people in towns and cities. There is more demand
of goods. There are medium and some large scale industries in
towns and cities. A large amount of goods are produced in such
industries. Cement is produced in Udayapur, Hetauda and Nawal
Parasi. Birgunj is famous in producing agricultural tools and sugar.

152 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Clothes and shoes are manufactured in Kathmandu, Hetauda,
Biratnagar and in other cities.

There are industries

and factories

producing biscuits,

noodles, paper,

toothpaste, soaps,

TV, radio, medicine,

furniture, metal and

wooden goods. We

use many of them

in our daily life. We

export some of them

to other countries.

Our country benefits

economically from

these activities.

We do not produce

everything that

we need. As an

agricultural country,

we are comparatively less dependent on foreign countries on

agricultural products.

The industrial goods, we produce are not sufficient for us. We have
to import most of the industrial and electronic goods from other
countries.

When we use foreign goods, we lose our money. The more we use
foreign goods, the more our money goes to foreign countries. It
makes our country poor and dependent. So, we should use our
own products as far as possible.

Using our own products means increasing our own economy. It
means being self dependent, rich, patriotic and developed. Our
local products are more suitable, cheaper and useful for us.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 153

Evaluation Activities:

1. Make a list of goods produced in your province.

2. Name any 6 goods produced in your own village or town and 6
goods produced in other countries that are used in your house.

3. Match the following by writing the correct answer in the space
provided below.

Apple ………………… Dhankuta, Gorkha, Dailekh

Cement ………………… All over Nepal

Orange ………………… Terai

Mango, Sugarcane ………………… Illam

Tea ………………… Mustang, Dolpa, Jumla

Vegetables ………………… Udaypur, Hetauda

4. Look at the name of different goods in the boxes. Write where
they are produced.( sugar, cement, TV, tea, apple, dhaka cloth,
khukuri, karuwa, biscuit, chhurpi, medicine, rice, vegetables,
vehicles, soap,wheat, , mandro, gundruk,)

Agricultural Industry Cottage Industry Large Scale Industry

5. Answer the following questions:

a. Why is Nepal called an agricultural country?
b. What are the things produced in cottage industries?
c. Which places are popular in producing apple?
d. Where are radi, pakhi, gundri, doko and namlo produced?
e. What is the difference between agricultural and industrial

products?
f. What happens if we use our own products?
g. What are the disadvantages of using foreign goods?

6. Project Work: Go to the market in your neighbourhood. Make a
list of things found there. Find out what percentage of goods is of
domestic products.

154 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Lesson Our Economic Activities

4 Objectives : At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:
tell briefly about economic activities of different regions.

Nepal is a developing country with an agricultural economy. Eight
out of 10 Nepalese are engaged in farming. Rolling fields and neat
terraces can be seen all over the Terai flatlands and the hills of
Nepal. Even in the highly urbanized Kathmandu Valley, large tracts
of land outside the city areas are devoted to farming.

Rice is the staple diet in Nepal. In recent years, the country’s efforts
to expand into manufacturing industries and other technological
sectors have achieved much progress. However, manufacturing is
still in its developmental stage.

Note to the teacher: Students should be told how the economic activities differ from one
geographical region to another. Ask them about the various economic activities of their place.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 155

Farming is the main economic activity followed by manufacturing,
trade and tourism sectors. Tourism is one of the largest industries
in Nepal. This sector has been expanding rapidly. Thanks to Nepal’s
natural beauty, rich cultural heritage and the diversity of sight-
seeing and adventure opportunities available.

Commerce has been a major occupation in Nepal since early times.
Being situated at the crossroads of the ancient Trans-Himalayan
trade route, trading is second nature to the Nepalese people.
Foreign trade is characterized mainly by import of manufactured
products and export of agricultural raw materials.

The chief sources of foreign
currency earnings are merchandise
export, services, tourism and
foreign employment remittances.

Nepal is a country of diverse
landforms (topography). Our
economic activities are closely
related to the types of topography.
Although some economic activities
are common to all places, there
are certain activities directly related to the type of topography. Let’s
see our economic activities according to the geographical regions.

Terai Region:

Terai is the most fertile and productive region of Nepal. The
population density is also higher in Terai. The soil and the climate
are very suitable for cultivation and growing crops. Majority of
people are engaged in agricultural activities. The main food crops
of this region are paddy, wheat, pulses and maize.

This region of Nepal is very fertile and produces a huge amount
of food. So, it is called the,'granary of Nepal.' Besides food grains,
cash crops like sugarcane, coconut, beetle nut, oil seeds, tobacco,
jute and tea are also cultivated.

156 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Fruits like papaya, mango, banana, pineapple, jackfruit etc are
grown here. This region is also suitable for fishery and poultry
farming.

Majority of industries are located in the Terai region. Most of
them are agro based industries like jute factories, sugar mills, rice
mills, biscuit factories, tobacco factories, etc. Other industries are
garments, textiles, leather products, paper, cement, steel utensils
and beverages.

This region is better connected, with other parts of the country
and India. There are several entry points along Nepal India
border. Kakarbhitta in Jhapa, Jogbani in Morang, Raxual in Parsa,

Lumbini Sugar Mill

Bhairahawa in Rupandehi, Rupadiya in Banke, Gauriphanta in
kailali and Banbasa in Kanchanpur are some main entry points
into India. These places are being gradually developed into major
trade centres.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 157

Hill Region:
Most of the area of Nepal is occupied by hilly region. The big cities
like Kathmandu and Pokhara lie in this region. majority of people
in this region are engaged in agricultural activities.
The climate and the soil are
suitable for growing crops
like paddy, maize, wheat,
barley, millet, soya bean,
buckwheat and varieties of
vegetables. It is also very
suitable for growing fruits
and vegetables. Cash crops
like tea, coffee, umliso, and
medicinal herbs are grown
here.
The climate of this region is very pleasant. There are many things
of tourist attractions like natural beauty, lakes, trekking trails, rich
culture and tradition of different ethnic people.
Many tourists are attracted by this region. So, everyday more and
more people are getting involved in tourism industry and business.
Some of the major trade and business centres of this regions are

158 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Kathmandu, Pokhara, Dhankuta, Palpa and Surkhet.

There are cottage or small scale industries in this region. Handicrafts,
woolen carpets, radi pakhi, brass and silver items, dhaka cloth are
some of the products of this region.

Mountain region:

The climate and the landform of this region are not suitable for
growing crops. Apple, apricot,
potato, barley, buckwheat, millet
are grown here. This region is also
rich in medicinal herbs. The people
of this region are traditionally
engaged in animal husbandry. They
keep sheep, yak, mountain goat for
milk, wool, meat and transportation.
Chhurpi, ghee, cheese are produced from the sheep and yak milk.
People make galaicha, radi, pakhi, chakati from sheep wool.

This region is a popular tourist destination. Many people are

engaged in trekking and tourism business. Mt Sagarmatha, Mt

Kanchanjugha, Mt Lhotse, Mt Makalu, Mt Gaurishankar, Mt

Langtang, Mt Annapurna,
Mt Dhaulagiri, Mt Saipal Namche Bazzar,

are located in this

region. Kanchanjungha

Conservation Area, Makalu

Barun Conservation Area,

Sagarmatha National Park,

Namche Bazzar, Langtang

National Park, Dhorpatan

Hunting Reserve, Shey-

phoksundo National

Park, Rara National Park,

Khaptad National Park are

some major tourist attractions of this region.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 159

Evaluation Activities:

1. Find and list the economic activities from your community. You

may take help of your elders.

2. Read the lesson carefully. Make a list of 5 food crops and 5 cash

crops produced in the Terai region.

Food Crops Cash Crops

3. Write ‘T’ for true and ‘F’ for false statements given below:

a. Farming is the main economic activity in Nepal.
b. Trade and business are the second nature of Nepalese

people.
c. Yak and sheep are reared for milk, meat and transportation.
d. Tourism and foreign employment are two major sources of

income of Nepal.
e. There are many places of tourist attraction in hill and

mountain.

4. Answer the following questions:

a. Which are major entry points along Indo-Nepal border?
b. Why do you think the entry points are important from the

economic point of view?
c. Why is the Terai called ‘Granary of Nepal’?
d. Write down the names of food crops, cash crops and fruits

produced in hilly region.
e. Why do large number of people live in town and cities?
f. Why do the people not take the same occupations all over

the country?
g. Why are hilly and mountain regions more popular for

tourists?

160 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Unit -8

Creative Activities

Lesson 1 Learn to Draw Step by Step
Lesson 2 Fruit and Vegetable Prints
Lesson 3 Leaf Painting
Lesson 4 Spray Painting
Lesson 5 Colourful Paper Collage
Lesson 6 Origami is Fun
Lesson 7 Clay Work
Lesson 8 Wire Sculpture
Lesson 9 Paper Cut pattern & Design
Lesson 10 Papier Mache Craft
Lesson 11 Paper Weaving Pattern
Children Song
Class Song
National Anthem
Local Musical Instruments

Lesson Learn to Draw Step by Step

1

Elephant Cat

Penguin Bat

162 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Lesson Fruit and Vegetable Prints

2
Use fruits and vegetables to create exciting prints on paper or
fabric. Make random prints or combine them to create interesting
images.
Safety Tips

Keep the knife out of children's reach.

Materials
1. Fruits (apples, pears, oranges, bananas, lemons)
2. Vegetables (broccoli, cauliflower, bell peppers, potatoes, carrots,

corn, mushrooms, Chinese cabbage)
3. Knife
4. Chopping board
5. Poster paint
6. Plastic plates or trays
7. Sketch paper

Steps 163

1. Clean the fruits and vegetables. Wash
and dry, the towel.

2. Prepare the fruits and vegetables by
cutting or trimming them. Here are some
suggestions:

• Apples and pears- cut lengthwise in
half;

• Bananas- cut in half;

• Oranges and lemons- cut crosswise in
half;

• Corn- cut in half and insert a stick to

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

make a handle;
• Bell peppers- slice crosswise in half, remove the seeds;
• Broccoli and cauliflower - separate into individual florets;
• Mushrooms- slice button or any round mushrooms lengthwise

in half;
• Potatoes and carrots- slice into

quarters, wedges or cut into specific
shapes such as a flower or star;
• Chinese cabbage- trim off the base,
we are going to use this part for
painting.

3. Put paint in shallow plates or containers.
Prepare your sketch paper as well.

4. Dip a fruit or vegetable in one color of
paint, making sure that the bottom is
evenly-coated with paint.

5. Press the fruit or vegetable firmly on your
sketch paper. This Chinese cabbage print
looks just like a rose!

6. Go ahead and use the other fruits and
vegetables to paint. You'll discover
how each one can make a unique and
interesting print.

164 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Lesson Leaf Painting

3

Leaf Printing
Leaf is a beautiful creation of Almighty God. He has made leaves
with beautiful veiny patterns. Each one is different from the other.
Here we will learn how to make leaf prints so that we are able
to transform all the beautiful leaf designs and vein designs on a
paper.

Things you need

• Leaves of different shapes and sizes
• Water poster paints
• 12 number brush
• Thick white sheet or cardboard
• Black pointed marker

What to make
Decide what work you have to do with
this printing. This may be used to make
greeting cards or a flower in which the
petals are printed by leaves.

Getting started
On a leaf, apply three water/poster colours. These three colours
have to be in contrast. Like if you want to give a bluish effect, take
blue, green and mauve. If you like to have
your leaf printed in red colour scheme, take
red, yellow and orange.

Now apply these paints on the leaves after
diluting the colour with water. Now please
do as I tell you:

First of all, out of three paints, make two or 165
three strokes with the first paint.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Then make few strokes on the leaf with the second paint. And do
the same with the third shade. Use a broad brush of 12 number for
this purpose.

You will have to keep two things in your mind:

The paint should be applied on the very side of the leaf where the
veins are prominent.

If you have made a stroke on the leaf with one paint, the second
shade should not be applied over the first one but beside the
previously applied shade.

Printing
As soon as you paint the leaves,
put the painted side on the
paper sheet and gently press it
with your hands. After a few
seconds, lift the leaf. You will
see that the design of the veins
is printed on the paper.

You will see that at some
places the leaf is not printed.
But don't worry, it makes no
difference.

Finishing
Let the paint dry completely. After it dries take a black marker
and carefully make its outline. Also make outline of those portions
where the leaf is not printed properly.

Tips:
Apply the paint in excess quantity on the leaf.

Never use thin paper for leaf printing, it will become soggy and
tear soon.

You can make greeting cards and the cover of books with leaf
printing. It's an interesting task, isn't it? So go ahead!

166 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Lesson Spray Painting

4

You will need:
• Two sheets of paper (one to create the cut-out design, the other

to paint on)
• Old toothbrush
• Water or poster colors of your choice
• Water
• Palette
• Newspaper sheets

How to:
On a sheet of paper, draw and cut out shapes you want to use as a
stencil. You can also print and cut out shapes like I did.

Cover your work area with newspapers.

Arrange the cut-out stencils on the other sheet of paper.

Prepare different colors of paint on your palette. Thin down the
paint with some water.

Dip toothbrush in paint and stroke the bristles to create the “spray
effect” on paper. The paint should cover the entire area around the
stencil.

Allow the paint to dry and remove the stencils to see what lies
underneath

Cut Out Shapes Finished Spray Painting

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 167

Lesson Colourful Paper Collage

5

What You’ll Need:
• Scrap paper in three different colors
• White paper
• Scissors
• Ruler
• Black marker
• Glue

Directions:
Find three different-colored sheets of construction paper,
newspaper, or magazine pages. Tear the papers into small pieces
and then organize them into three piles.

Use the scissors to turn the rectangular sheet
of white paper into a square. Decide on three
shapes for the collage. You can use the ruler
and marker to create the shapes.

Now start with the shape in the middle of the
collage. Fill it in with a light layer of glue.
Now you can select one color of torn paper to
use for filling in the shape.

Once finished with the first shape, continue
working on the next, following the same steps but using a different

color of torn paper.

Use the last color of torn paper for filling in
the final shape and, if there is white paper
showing around the edges, fill with leftover
pieces to finish the torn paper collage.

After the glue has dried, find the perfect
place for displaying the finished creation.

168 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Lesson Origami is Fun

6 1. Mountain fold in
half. 2. Reverse fold, to

the position shown
in step 3.

3. Outside reverse 4. Full out the

fold, to the internal layer
position show in at A.
Step4. Note A.

5. ..... like this. Repeat behind. Make three

reverse folds on the head (the exact
placement is unimportant). Pleat the tail

6. The Barking Dog complete. In this pose it begs.

7. To make it bark, hold as shown and move

your left hand to the left and back. The head
will move up and down, as though barking.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 169

Lesson Clay Work

7

Clay Turtle
Steps to create a cute little turtle using clay.

Step 1:
The turtle will primarily consist of clay of
two contrasting colors.

Step 2:
Make a ball out of the clay and shape it like
a crater.

Step 3:
Take the other color and shape it like a shell.
Place this on the crater.

Step 4:
Make a few small flat dots and place it on
the shell.

170 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Step 5: 171
Make the head for your turtle.

Step 6:
Flatten the head. Make the legs and tail
for your turtle.

Step 7:
Make an egg shaped structure and place
it to get a clearer three dimensional
head.

Step 8:
Set eyes for your turtle and its done.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Lesson Wire Sculpture

8
1. Choose the right wire for your sculpture. Steel wire is the
cheapest, so probably the best to use as a beginner. Copper wire
is another option.

2. Get the right tools needed for wire sculpture. The basic tools
you need to begin are: pliers, needle nose pliers for tight curves
and bends, wire cutters.

3. Sketch the design for your wire sculpture. Briefly sketch your
design ideas on paper with a pencil or pen. This gives you a
guideline to begin with which can help you know how long the
pieces of wire should be, and how much wire will be used.

4. Form the sculpture, using the sketch as a guide, lay out the wire
roughly formed to the shape. A 3 D sculpture can be formed
with one long piece of wire bent to fill the space, or several
pieces of wire can be welded together to form the shape.

Bird Cat Butterfly

172 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Lesson Paper Cut Pattern & Design

9
Christmas Tree

Here are the instructions to make a christmas tree.

Fold a piece of paper in half, left to right. Cut out a small
right-angle triangle near the top of the folded paper.

Cut a second right-angle triangle below the first triangle.
Make this triangle a little bigger than the first one.

Cut a third right-angle triangle below the second triangle.
Make this triangle bigger than the previous two.

Leave a small space uncut and then cut out a skinny
rectangle below the three of triangles.

When you unfold this paper, you will see a classic
Christmas tree.

Caution: Be extra careful when children use scissors. A
Christmas tree can be beautiful and sometimes children
become over excited and careless.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 173

Paper Dolls
Making a chain of paper dolls is a classic paper craft that every
child should do. It's fun, easy, and may become a tradition in
your family. This project requires scissors. So, adult supervision is
recommended.

Instructions
Take a piece of paper (8.5" x 11") and
cut it lengthwise.
Fold it into quarters accordian (pleated)
style.
Draw a figure of a person on the top layer.
Be sure that the arms extend beyond the
edge of the folded sheet. You can draw
your own figure or use the templates
below.
Cut the figure out and unfold. You will
get a chain of dolls holding hands.
To have more dolls in your chain, use
a larger sheet of paper and fold more
pleats before cutting. Alternatively,
use more than one sheet of paper and
connect the figures with tape.
You can decorate the figures with eyes,
nose, mouth, hair, and clothes.

174 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Lesson Papier Mache Craft

10

What is Papier Mache ?
To create objects using paper stuck together or onto other objects
using a wet paste (e.g. glue, starch, or wallpaper adhesive). The
crafted object becomes hard when the paste dries. This craft is

called Papier Mache.

Materials Needed:
• Newspapers,
• Flour,
• Water,
• Mixing bowl,
• Paint,
• Materials for form: such as balloons, grocery bags filled with

crumpled papers.

Papier Mache (Balloon) 175

Materials Needed
• Balloon
• Newspapers or paper for recycling
• White glue or papier mache paste
• Shallow container

Steps

1. Blow air into a balloon until you
reach the desired size. Remember
a smaller balloon is easier to papier
mache.

2. Tear paper or newspapers into
fairly large pieces. We need 3 layers
of paper to cover our balloon.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Newspapers are great to use because of how well they absorb
the adhesive. However, it is suggested that to clearly distinguish
one layer from the next, it's good to alternate newspaper strips
with unprinted paper.

3. Make your adhesive or papier mache
paste by mixing approximately 2 parts
white glue with 1 part water.

4. Transfer some papier mache paste into
a shallow tray. Dip a piece of paper
into the paste and let the paper soak
in the paste.

5. Shake off excess paste and lay the
piece on the balloon. Smoothen out
the paper with your finger.

6. Repeat this process, overlapping the
paper pieces as you cover the entire
surface of the balloon. You'll find it
easier and less messy if you set the
balloon on the top of a bucket or bowl
as you work with your papier mache.

7. You may also use a paint brush to
smoothen out the edges of the paper
pieces.

176 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

8. Make a second layer. If you follow the
tip about alternating the newspaper
strip layer with an unprinted or
colored layer of paper, you'll find it
easy to finish a layer without missing
any spots or over-layering certain
areas.

9. Make a third layer.

10. Let your papier mache dry completely.
This may take around 2-3 days.

11. Once the design is completely dry,
remove form by cutting a slit in the
bottom of the form and pulling out
form, or pop the balloon.

12. Decorate with paint.

More Papier Mache Crafts : Flower Vase
Globe

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 177

Lesson Paper Weaving Pattern

11
Paper Weaving
Incorporate the basics of color schemes and color families as you
make this lovely paper weaving craft.

Safety Tips
Kids of 8 years and younger should use child-safe scissors.

Small craft materials such as beads are choking hazards. It is not
appropriate for use by children below the age of six.

Materials
• Construction paper or any colored paper
• Glue
• Scissors
• Craft scissors (optional)
• Glitter glue, puffy paint, stickers, beads or other decorative

materials

Steps

1. Cut a piece of construction paper or any
colored paper into a square.

2. Fold the square in half.

3. Cut evenly-spaced slits starting from the
folded edge and continuing up to about a
half inch from the opposite edge. It may be
helpful to draw vertical lines to use as guides
while you cut.

178 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

4. Open up the paper. 179

5. Cut colored paper strips. The strips
should be longer than the length of
your square's side.

6. Take one paper strip and weave it
horizontally across the slits, going over
and under the slits.

7. Push the woven strip to the top and
start with another one. The second strip
should be woven in an opposite pattern
as the first. If your first paper strip goes
over and under across the slits, the
second strip should go under and over
the slits.

8. Weavemorepaperstripsinanalternating
pattern until your paper weave is full.

9. Flip the whole square weave. Apply
glue at the ends of each paper strip.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

10. Fold the excess length of each strip inwards
and press to glue them in place.

11. Flip the square weave again so that the
folded ends are concealed at the bottom.

12. Cut a larger piece of construction paper or
craft foam to frame your paper weave. You
can use a pair of craft scissors to create a
more interesting border.

13. Glue your paper weave on top of the
frame. Decorate the frame with any or a
combination of these materials: glitter
glue, puffy paint, beads, small craft foam
shapes, stickers, buttons or other decorative
materials.

More Paper Weaving Pattern:

180 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

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sfF8faLr km' Nb} k"mn ;an} fO{ ;j' f; lbG5
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Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 181

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d'gf xf}“ xfdL slnnf, km'n]/ ;'jf; 5g5{] F“}
-b]zsf nflu afRg5] f“},bz] s} nflu dg]{5f_{} @

xfjf / kfgL /fd|f] 5, -:jR5 / gLnf] cfsfz_@
;;+ f/n] kH' g] u/]sf,] -a4' sf] lbJo k|sfz_
c;Vo y“'uf kmÒnsf, pgs] f] ;'Gb/ dfnf of]

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wlt{df xfdf| ] slxNo}, -a}/L 6S] g kfPg_@
kf| 0fsf] afhL nufof,“} -xfdLnfO{ x]KgkfPg_@

df6F] dfof gu/,] gk] fnL sxf“ x'g5] f}“
-t/fOs{ f kmf6“ cu“ fnL,lxdr'nL 5'g5] f“} _@

gk] fnsf] gfd rDsfpg, hLjg} ck0f{ ug]{5f“}
-b]zsf nflu afRg5] f,“} b]zs} nflu dg]5{ f{}_@

d'gf xf}“ xfdL slnnf, km'n]/ ;'jf; 5g5]{ F“}
-b]zsf nflu afRg5] f,“} b]zs} nflu dg5]{ f}{_@
uLtsf/ M v8u;\ ]g cfn] L

182 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

l;Sb} hfg'k5{

hLjg xf] l;Sg] s'/f l;Sb} hfgk' 5{
kfOnfkfOnf v:5 cfo' l6Kb} hfgk' 5{ ..@..

dflg;n] dflg;s} l;Sgk' 5{ afgL
dflg;d} x'G5 ;f/f ;[hgfsf] vfgL ..$..

k"mneGbf ;'Gb/ x'g l;sfpF5 dflg;
sfF8feGbf s7f/] xg' l;sfp5F dflg; ..^..

l;Sg]n] g} ;ª3\ ifn{ fO{ dfof ug{ l;S5
l;Sbfl;Sb} Ps lbg ;;+ f/nfO{ lhT5 ..*..

dfx'/LemF} sfd ug]{n] afFRg l;sfp5F g\
kl;gf / cf;F ' k'5L xf:F g l;sfp5F g\ ..!)..

l;sf}F xfdL ltg}l;t ltg}nfO{ e]6L
;kgfsf nxnx em' nfpg vt] L ..!@..

>j0f ds' f?ª

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 183

/fli6«o ufg

;ofF} yF'uf k"mnsf xfdL Pp6} dfnf gk] fnL
;fje{ fd} eO{ km}lnPsf d]rL dxfsfnL
k|s[ltsf sf6] Lsf]6L ;Dkbfsf] cfFrn
jL/x?sf /utn] :jtGq / c6n
1fge"ld zflGtel" d t/fO kxf8 lxdfn
cv08 of] Kof/f] xfd|f] dft[el" d gk] fn

axn' hflt efiff wd{ ;:+ s[lt 5g\ ljzfn
cu|ufdL /fi6« xfd|f] ho ho gk] fn .

Jofsn' dfOn{ f

184 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Local Musical Instruments

Bansuri Sarangi

Murchunga

Damaru

Tyamko

Harmonium

Damphu Madal

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 185

Glossary: = to end, do away with, destroy
= used badly or wrongly, treated cruelly
Abolish = blame, to find fault with
Abused = became dependent on a particular substance
Accuse = managing affairs
Addicted = planting trees
Administrative = the date on which an event took place in a previous year
A forestation = understand fully, know the value
Anniversary = a protective garment from the front
Appreciate = a useful or decorative manmade object
Apron = with all power
Artifact = bird’s horn or a bill
Autocratic = a line marking the limit of an area
Beak = a magazine containing information
Boundary = a series of military operations to achieve an aim
Brochure = a sudden event causing great damage
Campaign = a journalist who writes a column in a newspaper
Calamity = free from worries
Columnist = effect, outcome, result
Comfortable = preserve, save
Consequence = process of contracting or becoming smaller
Conserve = to give or to provide
Contraction = help, teamwork, joint effort
Contribute = ability to do something. strength
Co-operation = arts, customs and institutions of a country or people
Courage = a person who buys something from a shop
Culture = a barrier built across a river to hold water
Customer = which can be broken chemically
Dam = the state of being dependent
Degradable = deprived, homeless
Dependency = becoming worse
Destitute = state of being worthy of respect, a sense of pride
Deteriorating = action of treating differently
Dignity = widely varied
Discrimination = most important, powerful
Diverse = who gives or donates something
Dominant = to let the liquid go out
Donor = state of having a job or work
Drain = an act of erupting
Employment = very necessary
Eruption = a group of people by origin
Essential = burst violently
Ethnic
Exploded Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

186

Exploited = treated unfairly

Explosion = act of exploding

Extravagant = spending too much

Fertility = productive, capable of producing

Fodder = food for cattle

Fort = a place or position prepared to defend against enemy

Gathering = an assembly of people

Generate = cause to arise, produce energy

Hamper = prevent movement or progress

Harmonious = free from conflict, happily and peacefully

Harvest = collecting of crops

Household = a house and its occupants

Hydro-electricity = electricity produced using water

Imposed = forced

Incident = a violent event

Indiscriminately = done without care

Information = message, report, news

Integral = fundamental, included as a part

Interaction = acting to affect each other

Irrigation = supplying water to land

Judiciously = with good judgment

Landform = natural feature of the earth’s surface

Manghim = temple in Limbu language

Maritime = related to shipping and fishing

Memorable = worthy to remember

Migration = moving to a new place for settlement

Mobilized = organized, conducted

Molten = made liquid by heat

Monastery = temple, a community of monks

Nominate = put forward

Nourishment = food necessary for growth and good health

Observe = to consider, celebrate

Occupy = to take control, take up a position

Oriented = aligned with a point

Pamphlet = a small leaflet containing information

Patiently = with patience

Pedestrian = those walking by foot

Personality = the qualities that form a person’s character

Pesticide = a substance for destroying insects or pests

Phenomenon = a fact that is observed to exist

Piggery = pig farming

Prevent = to stop, not to allow

Procedure = an official way of doing something

Reasonable = fair and sensitive

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 187

Recommend = out forward as being suitable
Recreational = related to enjoyment
Regulate = to control the rate or speed by means of rules
Rehabilitation = restoring to normal condition
Revolve = to move around in a circle
Ritual = a religious ceremony
Role = a person’s or thing’s function in a particular situation
Sacrifice = an act of giving up something very important
Scream = shout loudly
Sculpturing = making figures by carving stone or wood
Secular = not religious
Shelter = protection from danger, house
Shock = feeling of surprise or distress
Showy = attracting much attention
Significance = importance, meaning of something
Spoil = make something less good
String = thread
Subways = a tunnel under a road
Survivors = a person who has survived
Thoughtful = deep in thought, showing regard for others
Torture = act of causing severe pain, great suffering
Tradition = a long established custom
Tremendous = great, very much
Tribe = a social group of people
Tribute = respect
Ultimately = fundamentally
Universe = all existing matter ads space considered as a whole
Utensil = a tool or container for household use
Violence = bad behavior intended to hurt others
Vocational = related to occupation or employment
Volunteer = a person who offers his service without money

188 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five