Revised Social Studies book 5 Correct for 2077 for ctp

you know why Manju, your cousin sister has a happy
family? It is because your uncle, Ram does not take
alcohol and cigarettes. He does not spend his money
on unnecessary things. So, he is able to save money.

Lakhan: Good morning Ekbal Sir. What brought you at my
home early in the morning?

Ekbal Sir: Good morning Lakhan uncle, I found Rupak sitting
in the Village Chautara since early morning. He was
looking sad and hungry.

Lakhan: You know Ekbal Sir, when I come home late, my wife
and son always quarrel with me. They tell me that I
spend all my money on alcohol and cigarettes. That is
what I don’t like to hear. Why are they so much after
me? I don’t understand.

Ekbal Sir: Forgive me uncle, I am younger to you in age. But
when elders make mistake, it becomes the duty of

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 51

young ones to remind them of their mistake. That is
why I am here. I hope you will listen to me. It is for
your own good.

Lakhan: Oh! This means you too are here to give me advice
like Rupak and his mother. You too think I am a bad
person, don’t you?

Ekbal Sir: Uncle look at your brother Ram. He has a peaceful
and happy family. He saves money. He does not take
alcohol and cigarettes. He never quarrels with his
family members. He is fit and healthy.

You fall sick very often. He is two years older than you
but you look at least four years older than him. Aren't
you realizing that you are getting weaker and weaker
day by day?

It’s all because of tobacco and alcohol.

Lakhan: Yes, I feel weak and fall sick very often. But I don’t
have any diseases.

Ekbal Sir: Uncle if you don’t stop your bad habit, then very soon
you will suffer from diseases like tuberculosis, hepatitis,
liver problem and so on. Some of these diseases have
no cure at all.

Do you know, smoking affects not only your health but
also the health of your son and aunt. So uncle it is up
to you now.

Lakhan: Ekbal Sir, now I realize my mistake. I will not take
alcohol and cigarettes. I will also save money. I will try
to give peace and happiness in my family. Thank you!
Ekbal Sir.

Let's be away from alcohol and drugs.

52 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Evaluation Activities:

1. Read the news given in the box and answer the questions.

Women Forbid Alcohol

Manthali: Bishnu and Krishna Karki who always returned
home drunk are now busy at home. They had to pay Rs 500
once each to the Aama Samuha for taking alcohol. Now they
are ashamed and afraid of paying. So they have stopped
taking alcohol. Now, men do not beat their wives and make
unnecessary noises in the village. Aama Samuha has also
forbidden the sale of alcohol in all hotels. This of course is not
so easy for them. There are people like shopkeepers who are
against them. But, Aama Samuha is determined to make their
work successful in their village.

a. Who had to pay Rs. 500 each and why?
b. Who were ashamed and afraid and why?
c. What good things can be seen in the village?
d. Who is responsible for this good work?
e The work of forbidding alcohol is not so easy for Aama

Samuha? Why?
f. Do you think Aama Samuha has done good work? Why?

2. Mention some of the bad habits the people have followed in your
neighbourhood or community. Give two suggestions to stop the
bad habits.

3. Answer the following questions:

a. Why are taking alcohol and cigarettes bad?
b. Mention at least four social problems you know.
c. What does Manju have which Rupak does not?
d. What are the effects of alcohol and cigarettes?
e. Why is Lakhan thankful to Ekbal Sir?

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 53

Lesson Don’t Be Careless

2 Objectives : At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:
become aware of the theft and robbery and
know how to prevent them and be safe.

Theft Worth Millions

Goods worth millions were stolen from a house in Battisputali,
Kathmandu. It occurred during the time of Dashain, when there
was no one at home. Thieves have stolen 120 grams of gold,
1200 grams of silver, 2 lakhs cash, computer, television and some
utensils. Police were successful to arrest some of the suspects with
some stolen cash and goods. Rest of the thieves were successful to
run away.

Robbery Showing Weapons

Robbers have looted Rs. 20,000 cash and some gold at gunpoint
from the house of Khadga B.K. His wife got seriously injured while
robbers tried to snatch the gold earrings she was wearing. When
she started screaming, the robbers ran away leaving behind their
weapons. Police are looking for the robbers.

Housemaid in Disguise and Theft
There was theft in three places in Bouddha, Kathmandu. A woman
working as a housemaid in those houses gathered information
about the whereabouts of things in the houses. Then she informed
her gang of thieves all about the houses. It made their job easy. The
same group was found to be involved in all the thefts. Disguising
herself as a housemaid, she acted as an informer and a link to the
thieves. She and her gang became very active in theft. Later, the
stolen goods and cash used to be divided equally among them. It
was difficult to believe that the housemaid was the real culprit.

Note to the teacher: Ask students if they have ever experienced of theft and robbery. Discuss
about the ways to prevent theft and robbery. Encourage them to inform the police when any such
situation occurs.

54 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

News like above published in the newspapers is very common
these days. Everyday, we happen to hear the incident of theft and
robbery taking place in our neighbourhood or community. Some
of the causes of theft and robbery are:

Carelessness, neglect, unemployment, pursue of luxury, alcohol,
gambling and drugs. Therefore, we should follow the following
measures to be safe from theft and robbery.

What should be done? What shouldn’t be done?

We should check doors and We should not be lazy to check

windows properly before going doors and windows before

anywhere. We must make sure going out of the house. We

that they are properly closed should not leave doors and

and locked. windows open.

We should inform our nearest We shouldn’t let unknown
neighbours before we go out. person to enter into the house.

We should keep our cash and We shouldn’t keep too much

valuables in a safe place. cash and valuables at home.

We should carry only reasonable We should not carry lots of cash

valuables and cash with us. and valuables with us.

Any suspected person or people We shouldn’t take things easily
in the neighbourhood must be or forgranted.
kept under watch and should be
informed to the police.

We should eat or drink things We should never take food

only from safe places. or drink offered by unknown

person.

We should not hire people It is important to know the

without thoroughly investigating background of the person we

their backgrounds. employ.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 55

Evaluation Activities:

1. Collect news from newspapers, magazines, radio or TV about the
theft and robbery. Read out the news in the class. Discuss why
such ill activities have been taking place and what we should do
to prevent them.

2. How will you help your neighbour if something is stolen from his/
her house?

3. Suppose an unknown person comes to your house acting to be as
one of your relatives. Your parents are not at home. What will you
do in such a situation?

4. What do you think are the causes of theft and robbery in the
society?

5. Write ‘ T ‘ for true and ‘ F ‘ for the false statements. Re-write the false
statement correctly.

a. There is no need to inform our neighbours when we go out.
b. Theft and robbery are caused due to our own carelessness.
c. We should check the doors and windows before we go out.
d. We must accept food and drink offered by any unknown

person.
e. We can keep our cash and valuables wherever we like at

home.
f. We should inform the police if we see any suspicious person

in our locality.

6. Answer the following questions:

a. Why are theft and robbery increasing day by day in our
society?

b. How do you know about the theft and robbery in our society?
c. What is the easiest way for the thieves and robbers to steal

things?
d. Why do most of the thieves and robbers run away before we

catch them?

56 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Lesson Do Not Imitate Blindly

3 Objectives : At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:
understand why they should not imitate foreign culture, and
learn to respect their own culture and traditions.

Bir, Hari and Mangal are boys from the same village. They are good
friends. Bir’s father moves to a city to start some business. But his
uncle and aunt are still in their ancestral home in the village. Time
passes faster. In course of time, Bir also starts to work in the city.
Today, Hari and Mangal are very happy and excited. The reason
is: Bir has come to his uncle's house after several years. Hari and
Mangal are excited to go and meet him.

Hari: Hello, I am Hari and he is Mangal. We have come to
meet Bir. Where is he? We are excited to meet our old
childhood friend.

Kaka: He is in his room.

Note to the teacher: Students should be made aware of what things are good and bad. They
should be motivated to follow only good cultures of others. They should be discouraged to imitate
others blindly.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 57

Hari: Hello! Bir? How are you doing? Do you recognize us?
We are your childhood friends: Hari and Mangal.

Bir: Of course, I remember you. How can I forget you? By
the way, friends, don’t call me Bir. All my friends in the
city call me Bryan. It is a western name, short and sweet,
isn't it? You two haven’t changed at all in the past ten
years. Come and sit down.

Hari: You must be very tired. We will come tomorrow early in
the morning.

Bryan: Brothers, I chat with my friends on my mobile till late
at night. I go to bed very late. So, I have the habit of
getting up late in the morning. So please don’t come too
early.

Mangal: Bir, Oh! Sorry, Bryan, don’t you respect your parents?
Aren’t you afraid to chat till late at night? Don’t your
parents say anything to you?

Bryan: Both of my parents are very busy. Moreover they think
that I am quite grown up.

Hari: Bir, Oh! Sorry, Bryan, my parents have invited you for
dinner tomorrow at our house.

My mother is cooking your favourite dishes: dhindo,
gundruk and tomato chutney. My mother still talks how
handsome you used to look in daura-suruwal, and Nepali
cap. She hardly forgets you singing folk songs and playing
madal during Dashain and Tihar. She is very curious to
see you, Bir.

Bryan: Friends, that was a long time ago. Now, my way of living
has changed too. I no longer like the taste of dhindo and
58 gundruk. I am used to eating packed and ready made
foods. I prefer to wear loose jeans and t-shirt. They
are very comfortable. I look more fashionable in such
dresses.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

I like to listen and sing
western and pop music
rather than folk songs. I
play guitar very well and
forgot how to play madal.
In the village, there is a
fair only once a year for us
to enjoy. But, in the city,
there are discos where
we can go and enjoy any
time we like.

Mangal: Well, it seems the city life is
very different. Bryan, I hope you still go to temple on your
birthday like you used to do before.

Bryan: Mangal, in the city, people blow out candles and cut
birthday cake on one’s birthday. That is how I too
celebrate my birthday. I think it is an old and useless
tradition to go to the temple on birthday.

Hari: Bryan, you sound to be very different. It seems that
you are very much influenced by the foreign cultures.
You used to say that we should preserve our cultures
and traditions, didn’t you? You always talked about
coming back and serving our village after completing
your studies. How could you be like this?

We should learn good things from everybody but not
bad cultures in the name of being modern.

Cultures and traditions are our properties and identities
handed down by our ancestors. Foreign cultures like
hardwork, sincerity, responsibility and self reliance are
definitely good to learn. But it is not wise to imitate
others blindly. If we lose our cultures and traditions, we
will lose our identity as well.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 59

Evaluation Activities:

1. Write about yourself by answering the following:

a. Mention any two good foreign cultures you should follow.
b. Mention any two bad foreign cultures you should not

follow.

2. Mention any four cultures that we should and should not follow.

Cultures we should follow: Cultures we should not follow:

3. Compare between yesterday’s Bir and today’s Bryan as follow.

Yesterday’s Bir Today’s Bryan

a. ………………………………………. a. ……………………………………….

4. Write 'T' for True and 'F' for False statement:

a. All foreign cultures are not good.
b. Culture is our identity.
c. All our cultures are very good.
d. We should hate others' cultures.
e. Lifestyle in a village and town is different.

5. Answer the following questions:

a. Why are Hari and Mangal very happy and excited?
b. What foreign cultures should we follow?
c. Which foreign cultures should not be followed?
d. Why should we follow our culture and tradition?
e. Is it good to imitate the foreign culture blindly?

We should not forget our traditional cultures and customs.

60 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Lesson Thanks To Ujeli

4 Objectives : At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:
think positively at all times and
handle quarrel and misunderstanding peacefully.

Ujeli, Shanti and Saubhagya are childhood friends. They all live in
the same village. They go to the same village school. At weekends,
they like to help their parents graze cattle and goats. It is Saturday
today. They are grazing their cattle and goats as usual. Two boys
are coming towards them. Let us find out what happens.

Deepak: Ujeli, did you see a white goat coming this way? I am
worried. It is not to be seen anywhere.

Ujeli: It was grazing just there a while ago. I don’t know where it
went to. I can hear some noise coming that way. Let us go and find
out.

Note to the teacher: Encourage students to act politely with others. They should show good
manner and behavior when involved in any unfavourable situation. Patience and understanding
are important to maintain friendly relation. One must realize mistakes.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 61

Deepak: My father is going to be very angry with me. We all
started playing hide and seek and could not keep an eye on goats.
I shouldn’t have been so careless.
Ujeli: Deepak, I know Narendra uncle, your father. He is really
high tempered. I can imagine how angry he would be to you.
Phurba: Ujeli, my mother is holding the goat. She is very angry at
this moment. That goat belongs to Narendra uncle. Those two boys,
Deepak and Anil are shouting at my mother. They are asking the
goat back. It’s not my mother’s fault. All the animals are often left
unattended. And they get into our field and eat all the crops and
vegetables. It is high time. I think we should call the police.
Ujeli: Phurba, don’t talk foolish. It will not do any good to anyone.
Rather it will create misunderstanding among our people. We are
neighbours living in the same community. We all have to understand
each other and find ways to solve problems. We should always

62 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

try to live in peace and harmony. There is nothing that can’t be
resolved peacefully and amicably.

Phurba: I know it. But don’t you think it is too much. It is not only
once, but always happening. See how those boys are not admitting
their fault! How can one tolerate this?

Ujeli: Don’t worry, Phurba. Every problem has a solution. Phurba,
your mother is absolutely correct. Deepak and his friends should
have looked after the goat properly. But, now there is no point for
arguing and quarreling among each other. The boys should behave
politely and ask for forgiveness.

Phurba’s Mother: Listen to me boys! You let your goat enter my
field and destroy all the crops and vegetables. On top of that, you
are arguing at the top of your voice. What kind of people are you?
Instead of saying sorry, you are angry with me? There is no point
talking to you. I must go and talk to your parents.

Ujeli: I think it is my friends’ mistake. They should not have let
their goat graze unattended. Please forgive them for this time.

Deepak: We are sorry. It’s our fault. Please forgive us and don’t tell
our parents. We will not repeat this again.

Ujeli: Please forgive them this time. They have realized their
mistakes. Deepak and Anil, you need to learn to respect elders.
You should talk to them politely. You can’t make mistake and shout
at the same time.

Deepak and Anil: Sorry! It’s foolishness on our parts.

Phurba’s Mother: Ujeli, I am returning this goat hoping the boys will
not repeat the same mistake again. Moreover, they are your friends.
We all live in the same village. I forgive them this time.

Ujeli: Thank you! It is so nice of you. It is not good to argue and
fight with each other for a small thing. We should try to understand
each other. We can clear our misunderstanding peacefully.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 63

Evaluation Activities:

1. If you see two of your friends fighting for the same story book in the
library, what will you do to stop them?

2. You are the students of class 5. How will you work together to make
your class the best in the school?

3. Suppose you are travelling in a crowded public bus. An old lady
gets into the bus. She wants to find a place to seat. How can you
help her?

4. Make a list of good and bad things you did during the whole day
and put them in the given column. Good things should increase
and bad things should decrease every day.

Good Things Done in a Day Bad Things Done in a Day

5. Answer the following questions:

a. Who loses the white goat?
b. Who captures the white goat?
c. Who are shouting at Phurba’s mother?
d. What do the boys want to do?
e. How do the boys behave?
f. Why does Phurba’s mother return the goat?
g. Is it good to argue and quarrel over small things?
h. How should we behave when we are at fault?
i. How should we behave with elders?

We should behave politely with others.

64 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Lesson Organizations Providing Social Service

5 Objectives : At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:
know social service providing organizations, their roles and duties
lend their willing support and help to such organizations.

There are many social problems
in the society. Social problems
are evil and useless practices
existing in the society. They are
directly related to the society.
Hence, such problems differ from
society to society.

No problem is ever good to any
society. Whether it is big or small,
problems are problems. They
hinder the peace, harmony and
progress of a society and country.

Minor problems can be solved.
But there are many problems
which need collective or institutional efforts to solve or address
them effectively.

Problems like dowry system,
child marriage, alcoholism,
gambling, drug trafficking,
untouchability, girls trafficking
are some serious social
problems needing major efforts
to control them.

There are many national
and international social

Note to the teacher: Students should be encouraged to collect the names and the works of
various social organizations based in their locality. They can be taken on visit and have discussion
and interaction about their roles and functions. They should also be encouraged and motivated
to participate or to give help to the activities of these organizations.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 65

organizations (NGOs/INGOs) established to help to deal with
such social problems. They help to control or fight against such
social problems. They are like Ward Offices, Rural Municipalities,
Municipalities, District Co-ordination Committee. Local Clubs,
Aama Samuhas, Local Level Scouts, Red Cross Societies, Children’s
Clubs and so on.

These social organizations play important roles in fighting against
the social evils and problems. They can help the society and people
by carrying out various programmes and activities in collaboration
with the local people and local bodies.

They conduct awareness programmes and training activities on
education, health, service and other sectors to educate, aware and
empower people. There are many examples where these social
organizations have helped in dealing successfully with some social
problems. If we fight united against such problems then they can
be easily eradicated.

Some Important Social Organizations:

SOS Children’s Village: SOS means Save
Our Soul. It was established by Dr Hermann
Gmeiner in 1949 AD. There are SOS
Children’s Villages in some major cities of

Nepal. The
first one was
established
in Sanothimi,
Bhaktapur in 2028 BS. It gives
shelter, food, clothes, education,
health services to orphan children.

Nepal Scout: It is a part of the
International Scout Organization,
which was started by an Englishman,
Robert Baden Powell in 1907. Nepal
Scout was established in 1952 AD. Its

66 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

headquarters is in Lainchaur, Kathmandu. Its branches are spread
all over the country.

It provides first aid to the injured and wounded people. It helps by
guiding and managing crowds and providing drinking water during
social and religious functions and disasters. It conducts awareness
programmes on various social issues. It provides volunteer services
when needed.

Nepal Red Cross Society: It is a part of International Committee of
Red Cross (ICRC), founded
by Jean Henry Dunant,
from Switzerland on 17th
Feburary 1863 AD. Nepal
Red Cross Society was
established in 1963 AD.
There are its branches all
over Nepal.

It helps the victims during
natural calamities. It
conducts blood donation
programmes and provides ambulance services. It also conducts
health and social awareness programmes.

Paropakar Sanstha: It was founded by late Dayabir Singh Kansakar
in 2004 BS.

It provides shelter, health services and education to orphan
children. It helps the victims of natural calamities by providing
clothes, food, utensils, etc. It also provides ambulance services and
conducts blood donation programmes.

Other than the above mentioned organizations, there are many
more other social service providing organizations established at
different levels. They are Nepal Blind and Disabled Association,
Nepal Children’s Organization, Bal Mandir, Maiti Nepal, Leprosy
Eradication Organization and so on.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 67

Evaluation Activities:

1. Fill in the blanks.

a. Social problems hinder the ……………………………………… of a
country.

b. Major social problems need ……………….. or …………………..
efforts to effectively deal with them.

c. ………………. we can eradicate the social problems.

d. Social service providing organizations help ……………………
against social problems.

e. Social problems differ from ………………… to ………………… .

2. Write ‘T’ for true and ‘F’ for false statement.

a. There are many social problems in our country.
b. Social problems are part of the society.
c. Social problems can’t be eradicated.
d. Bal Mandir is also a social organization.
e. Dayabir Singh Kansakar was an Englishman.

3. Match the followings. Baden Powell
Save Our Soul
(a) SOS Red Cross Society
(b) Scout Paropakar Sasthan
(c) Blood Donation
(d) Orphans

4. Answer the following questions:

a. What is meant by social organization?
b. Why do we need social organizations?
c. What does the Nepal Scout do?
d. What does the Paropakar Sastha do?
e. What does the Nepal Red Cross Society do?

68 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Lesson Roles of Local Bodies

6 Objectives : At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:
understand the roles of local bodies in solving the social problems, and
participate and help the local bodies in addressing social problems.

Social problems are the evil practices and customs existing in the
society. They are the products of our social behavior, conducts and
attitudes. Such problems differ from society to society and place to
place depending upon the types of people, their cultures, customs,
economic and social conditions.

Evil practices exist due to

various reasons like illiteracy,

traditional thinking, narrow

mindedness, superstitious

beliefs, etc. Nepal being a

developing country with

diverse social and economic

challenges has many social

problems of different natures.

Drug addiction, gambling,

dowry system, child
marriage, child labour, deuki
pratha, chhaupadi pratha,

extravagance during festivals

and rituals are some of them.

We have already learnt in the previous lesson that there are many
national and international social organizations to help to solve
these problems. However, their efforts only may not be sufficient
in the effective fight against these social problems. Local people
and the local bodies such as Ward Offices, Rural Municipalities,
Municipalities, District Co-ordination Committees, Local Clubs,
Police Stations, Civil Societies, etc. also can play very important

Note to the teacher: Students should know about the local bodies and their works. They should
be encouraged to participate in their work to fight against the social problems.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 69

roles in this regard. They have close contact with the local people.
They can influence the overall social environment and help in the
effective implementation of rules and regulations.

The local bodies can do the following:

Organize meetings, seminars, workshops, etc. to create
awareness.

Paste or distribute pamphlets, posters and set up hoarding
boards to educate general public about the bad effects of evil
practices.

Put up notices and related information at the public places.
Conduct talk programmes, house to house campaigning and

counselling.
Conduct awareness programmes through local FM, radio and

television and mikings.
Form Tole Sudhar Samitees and Youth Clubs.
Mobilize local clubs and social organizations like Aama

Samuhas, bal clubs, yuba clubs, etc.
Make and enforce local social laws, norms and policies.

70 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Act as a link between the local people and other social service
providing organizations.

Every individual is a part of the society. Society is actually what we
make it up. We all individually play very important role in keeping

our society decent and civilized. We have to be responsible citizens.
It is our duty to obey rules and regulations of the society.

We should not be extravagant. We should help the local bodies in
maintaining peace, order and harmony. We can do so by involving
ourselves in their activities or by providing information and
suggestions to them.

We can help police by giving information about ill activities like
gambling, theft, robbery, drug misuse, etc. We can counsel drug
addicts and if needed take them to rehabilitation centers. United
we can solve the social problems.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 71

Evaluation Activities:

1. List out the local bodies working in your community to eradicate
the social problems.

2. List out the social problems that can be solved in individual level
and that need institutional effort as indicated below.

Social problems that can be Social problems that need
solved individually institutional efforts

Ex: Extravaganza Ex: Untouchability

3. Match the following and write the correct answer in the space
provided.

(a) ward office …………………………… child marriage

(b) social evil …………………………… law enforcing body
(c) police …………………………… awareness
(d) Yuba club …………………………… local body

4. Read the lesson carefully and complete the following.

a. It is every individual’s responsibility to help solve the …… .
b. Social problems differ from place to … and …… to society.
c. We can take drug addicts to ………………………… .
d. Social evils are old and ……………………… customs .

5. Answer the following questions.

a. What are local bodies?
b. How can the local bodies help in eliminating social problems?
c. How can an individual help in solving the social problems?
d. What do you think are the main causes of the social problems?

e. 'When we unite all in one, we can solve the social problems.'
Justify it.

6. Project Work: Prepare publicity materials like drawings, sketches,
pictures, slogans against the social problems and display on your
school bulletin board.

72 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Unit -4

Civic Awareness

Lesson 1 Our Fundamental Rights
Lesson 2 Our Fundamental Duties
Lesson 3 Our National Heritage
Lesson 4 Our Social Customs and

Practices
Lesson 5 Provincial Government
Lesson 6 Etiquette, Manners &

Understanding

Lesson Our Fundamental Rights

1 Objectives : At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:
understand the importance of such rights, and
use their rights in appropriate way.

Rights means freedoms. We need rights for our wellbeing and
personal development. The rights which are fundamental for us
are called Fundamental Rights. They are defined as basic human
rights. They are applicable to all citizens. They are enforceable by
the courts. They include individual rights such as equality before
law, freedom of speech and expression, freedom of association
and peaceful assembly, freedom to practice religion, and the
right to constitutional remedies. Violation of these rights result in
punishments.

Every citizen has the right to enjoy these rights. Such rights are
included in the fundamental law or the constitution. Constitution

Note to the teacher: Students should be explained the importance of fundamental rights by
giving various examples. Students can be asked questions and encouraged to discuss about their
rights.

74 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

of Nepal, 2072 has guaranteed 31 such fundamental rights. Some
of them are as follows.

Right to Equality: According this right, every citizen is equal.
They can not be treated differently on any ground like gender,
race, religion or caste. However, there are certain protections
for the women, children, elderly and socially and economically
disadvantaged group of people.

Right to Freedom: According to this right, every citizen has rights or
freedom to travel to any part of the country, to assemble peacefully,
to express or speak freely, to follow any religion, and to take any
occupation.

Right Against Exploitation: According to this right, no one can be
forced to labour. This right prohibits human trafficking, employment
of children below the age of 14 years in factories, mines or in any
dangerous fields. Any contravention of these result in an offence
punishable by law.

Cultural and Educational Rights: According to this right, every
citizen is free to practise and preserve his or her language, culture

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 75

and tradition. They can go to any educational institutions and
learn what they are interested in. No one can be discriminated on
the ground of language, culture and customs.
Right to Property: By this right everyone is free to earn, own and
spend his/her property.
Right to Justice: It includes the right to a fair trial and a public
hearing before an independent and impartial tribunal. One cannot
be tried or punished more than once for the same offence. When
one is accused of a crime, s/he is considered innocent until proven
guilty.
Women’s Rights: Both son and daughter shall have equal rights to
their parental property. One cannot treat them differently.
Child Rights: According to this right, every child has right to
identity and name. Helpless, orphans, physically challenged, street
children, and conflict victim children shall have rights to get special
protection from the state.

We have right to enjoy our fundamental rights.

76 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Evaluation Activities:

1. Make a list of fundamental rights provided by the Constitution of
Nepal 2072.

2. Write ‘T’ for true and ‘F’ for false statements.

a. Fundamental rights are essential for one’s well-being and
personal development.

b. Fundamental rights are only for women and children.

c. We must live where our government asks us to live.

d. A minor can be employed in a shoe factory.

e. Daughters also have equal rights to parental property.

3. Read the lesson carefully and fill in the blanks.

(a) Fundamental rights are also called ……………….. .

(b) Fundamental rights are provided in the …………………… .

(c) One can not be punished more than …… for the same …… .

(d) Every child has the right to ………….. and ……………… .

4. Match the following.

Rights essential rights

Fundamental Rights freedoms

Right Against Exploitation cultural and educational
rights

Culture and language child labour

5. Answer the following questions.

(a) What is fundamental right?
(b) Why is fundamental right essential for us?
(c) If a person is sold, which fundamental right is violated?
(d) Why do children and women need special protection?

(e) Which fundamental right is more important for you and why?

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 77

Lesson Our Fundamental Duties

2 Objectives : At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:
know our fundamental duties, and
understand the importance of these duties.

We know right mean freedom. But rights do not come alone. It
comes with duty. Rights without duty is in fact no right. Rights and
duties are two sides of the same coin. They come hand in hand.
One cannot be complete without the other.

Duty means responsibility or obligation towards others and to one’s
country. Our constitution has guaranteed us certain fundamental
duties along with fundamental rights. While we use our rights, we
should consider our duties as well.

We cannot think of only rights without duties. Yes, it’s our right to

Note to the teacher: Students should be made to understand the close relationship between
rights and duties. You can give many examples to make the lesson interesting. You can organize
group discussions.

78 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

education, but it does not mean we can force somebody to teach
us. We have to pay for the service.

Similarly, we have the right to enjoyment, but in the name of our
right, we cannot play loud music and disturb others. If we have
right to enjoyment, they also have right to peace and security.

If it is our right to get love and care from our parents and family,
it is also our duty to listen to them. It works in both ways. It is not
just possible to clap with one hand. We cannot expect only love
and care without being obedient and dutiful. To get something, we
are required to fulfill certain responsibilities.

Duty can also be defined as a service we pay or work for something
we get from. If we want a book, we have to pay the cost. Employees
in any institution have the rights to salary, for which they have
to work as per the rule of the institution. They cannot just claim
salary without working. What we are supposed to do by law or
rule or morality is our duty.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 79

Types of Duties: There are many types of duties. Broadly they can
be grouped as under: moral duties, social duties, and legal duties.

Moral Duties : These duties are related with behavior, manners or
conduct of men as social beings in relation to each other. Some of
these are:

to show respect to the parents and elders,
to love and care the junior,
to help the people in need,
to love and to be loyal to our country,
to help old, sick, weak and destitute.

Social Duties: As we live in a society, we have certain duties and
responsibilities towards the society. These responsibilities are
called social duties. Some of them are:

Keeping surroundings clean,
Preserving the public places,
Using public property with care,
Respecting each other’s culture and traditions,
Maintaining peace and tranquility in public places,
Participating in various elections.

Legal Duties: There are many
laws made for the welfare,
well being and development
of the people and country. We
all are governed by such laws.
It is our duty to abide by them.
Some of them are:

Paying taxes,
Following rules and

laws,
Helping to punish the law breakers,

80 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Evaluation Activities:

1. Make a list of duties that you have towards your elders and
teachers.

2. Read the lesson carefully and complete the following.

a. Rights and duties go …………………… .
b. Rights without duty is in fact …………………… .
c. Duty means responsibility or …………………… to others and

to our …………………… .
d. If we want love from our elders, we should also be

…………………… to them.

3. Read the following statements and write ‘R’ for Right and ‘D’ for
Duty.

a. Following own culture and tradition ( ………… )
b. Paying tuition fee. ( ………… )
c. Crossing a road from zebra crossing. (………… )
d. Helping weak and old people. (………… )
e. Buying and selling property. ( ………… )

4. Answer the following questions:

a. What is duty?
b. What is the relation between rights and duties?
c. What is moral duty? Write with examples.
d. What is legal duty? Give some examples.
e. ‘Rights and duties are two sides of the same coin’. Justify

this statement with examples

While enjoying right we should fulfill our duty also.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 81

Lesson Our National Heritage

3 Objectives : At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:
understand the importance of such heritages, and
get involved in the protection and preservation of them.

National heritages are things of national significance. Natural,
cultural, historical, and recreational resources come under national
heritages.

Natural resources are the gifts of the nature. They are not made by
us. They are there naturally. They are forest, water, soil and mineral.
Our country is blessed with many such resources. It is important to
protect forests and carry out tree plantation programmes. It helps
in preserving and maintaining the ecosystem. Forest is the natural
habitat of wild animals and birds. It adds beauty, attracts tourists
and controls landslide and erosion. Many of the natural resources
are limited and non-renewable. We have to use them wisely and
judiciously. Our future generations also need them.

Cultural heritages are things of importance passed on from one

to another generation. It includes

customs, practices, objects,

artistic expressions and values

to name of few Stupas, temples,
manghims, pati, pauwa, old

palaces, statues, arts, paintings,

music and musical instruments

etc are some examples of such Bouddhanath Stupa
heritages. They are human

creation. They show the ways of

living or life style of certain people or community. They are part

of our history and cultures. They are our identities and prides.

We are known to the society of nations with the help of them.

Note to the teacher: National heritages of different kinds at the national and local levels play very
significant role in the development and well-being of our country and people. Children should
recognize what they are and understand why and how they are so important to us. You can take
them to visit and involve them in their cleaning and preservation.

82 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Patan Durbar Square

Pashupatinath Temple, Chngunarayan Temple, Krishna Mandir,
Bhaktapur Durbar Square, Hanuman Dhoka Durbar Square, Patan
Durbar Square, etc. are some important historical and cultural
heritages. There are many such heritages outside of the Kathmandu
Valley also. It is every citizen’s duty to preserve and promote them.
If our culture is wiped out, we will be no more Nepalese.

Historical heritages include places of historical importance, history

of people and country,

documents, archives,

etc. Old palaces, forts,

buildings, coins, religious

and historical documents

are some examples of such

heritages. It shows how our

people came into existence

and how our land and Bungy Jumping
country developed into a

nation. We get united and

inspired by these heritages. It teaches us to appreciate our past and

be far sighted. They are sources of inspiration for us. We should

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 83

always respect, preserve
and promote our historical
heritages.

Rafting Recreational resources

are very important for the

economic development of

our country. It includes

park, pond, lake, forest,

water, mountain,

topography etc. Chitwan national Park, Sagarmatha National

Park, Langtang National Park, Bardiya National Park, are some

important parks of our country.

They not only provide shelter to

wild birds and animals, but also

help in generating income. They

are the places of attraction for

tourists. Many domestic and

foreign visitors visit these places. Chitwan National Park
It contributes to our social and

economic well being. It’s our duty

to protect and preserve these resources. We should not pollute

them. We should clean them timely.

Museums are established to preserve the national heritages of
historical and cultural importance. When we visit museums, we
see many cultural and historical things. These heritages are our

identity, pride and valuable resources.
They all play very important roles in the
development of our country. It is our duty
and responsibility to recognize, protect,
preserve and promote them. The future of
our people and country largely depends
on them. They are very important for us. If
some of these resources are lost, destroyed
or exhausted, our social and economical
existence may be greatly weakened.

84 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Evaluation Activities:

1. Make a list of natural heritages existing in your community.

2. Write down in the given columns about our national heritages.

Natural Heritages Cultural Heritages

Historical heritages Recreational Heritages

Forest, Lake, Arts, Madal, Ancient records, Palaces, Park, Forest

3. Project Work: Draw pictures of natural, cultural, historical and
recreational heritages found in and around your locality and
display them in your class or school.

4. Plant seedlings in and around your house, school and available
open areas, water them time and again and make a news report
about it.

5. Identify the following heritages.

6. Answer the following Questions.

a. What is national heritage?

b. Write a letter to your friend explaining the importance of
preserving national heritages.

c. Write the ways of preserving national heritages.

d. Why is a museum established?

e. What are recreational heritages or resources?

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 85

Lesson Our Social Customs and Practices

4 Objectives : At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:
understand the social rules, regulations and practices, and
be motivated in cultivating such customs and practices.

We are social beings. We live in a society. Society is a group of
people living and working together to achieve some common goals.
We depend on each other for many things. We are not complete by
ourselves. We need to cooperate to carry out certain works. We like
to share our happiness and sorrows with our families, friends and
neighbours. And for that we need society.

Different societies have developed different rules, regulations and
practices over the time. These rules are developed by the people
for the people by themselves. They may not be in written form, but
people simply follow them as an established norms or practices of

Note to the teacher: You can ask students how people help each other during various social
occasions in their families and communities. You can make them discuss the value or importance
of such social practices.

86 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

the society. Everybody in the society is obliged to follow and respect
these rules. These rules help in maintaining good understanding,
cooperation and harmony in the society.

There are many such social customs and practices all over our
country. They may differ from place to place.

Ours is an agricultural country. It becomes difficult to carry out
all agricultural works only by family members especially during
planting and harvesting time. Mainly, the neighbours help and co-
operate with each other to plant and harvest crops. This practice is
called parma. Parma is widely practiced in villages. So, instead of
paying money, labour is shared or exchanged. It is practised while
building house or carrying out other major household works as
well.

In some communities, social and cultural burdens are shared. For
example, relatives and neighbours contribute in cash or kind to
bear the burden of wedding, bartabandh, death rituals, and other
social activities requiring big amount of money. In the Limbu
communities, neighbours even share the burden of entertaining of
guests. They do so by inviting the neighbour’s guests for food and
drink.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 87

There is a practice of helping each other in time of need. In villages,
people give and take things or goods like foods, nun, tel, bhutun,
etc from each other to meet their immediate needs. Such a practice
is called a paincho pratha.

Relatives and neighbours get together to help each other at the
time of marda parda and other social functions like jatra, bhoj,
bhatter, bibah, bartabandha, pasni, barkhanta, etc. In the Newar
Communities, jatras and bhojs are collectively organized by
guthis. It’s a social obligation for every member to participate and
contribute to such social activities. If someone from the community
does not participate, guthi can take action against them.

There are many other social customs and practices in our society.
We perform jag or bhumi puja in the beginning of constructing
a house or a structure. We do pujas before starting to live in a
new house or using the new equipment or vehicle or tool. Such
rules or practices are in use since ancient times. They are our
identities, prides, values and norms. They help us in maintaining
discipline, cooperation, peace and harmony in the society. Some of
these practices are being changed gradually or getting replaced.
We should follow good customs and practices and discard the bad
ones.

88 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Evaluation Activities:

1. Make a list of social rules, customs and practices existing in your
neighbourhood or community by taking help of your parents and
elders

2. Divide your class into groups. Make a set of rules and regulations
for your class. Share your ideas with other groups.

3. Write down the advantages and disadvantages of following and

not following the social rules in the table below.

Advantages of following social Disadvantages of not following

rules social rules

4. Read the lesson carefully and match the following.

Bhumi Puja Limbu community

Share burden of guests building of a new house

Parma lending and borrowing things

Piancho widely practiced in villages

5. Write ‘T’ for true and ‘F’ for false statement.

a. Social practices are developed by societies for their
advantages.

b. All social customs and practices are in written form.
c. All social practices are good.
d. Social practices are our identities.
e. Social practices don't change.

6. Answer the questions.

a. What is a social rule? Write with examples.
b. What’s Guthi Pratha? Write with examples.
c. What are Paincho and Parma Prathas? Write with examples.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 89

Lesson Provincial Government

5 Objectives : At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:
know the formation and functions of a Provincial Government

Ram : Hi !Jharana. How are you?
Jharana
: Hello ! I am fine. You were absent yesterday at
Ram school, weren't you?
Jharana
Ram : Yes. I had been to hospital.

Jharana : What was wrong with you ?
Ram
: I had eyesight problem. Had you read anything
new yesterday?

: Really. We learnt about the executives of Nepal.

: Executives ? What does it mean?

Note to the teacher: The students should be given concept about the new political system being
practised in the country. Compare among the federal, provincial and local governments. Help
them discuss what the people expect from the government of their province.

90 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Jharana : It simply means government. You know the
Interim Constitution 2063 had declared Nepal
Ram a Federal Democratic Republic. Further our
Jharana new constitution, the Constitution of Nepal
promulgated on 3rd Ashwin 2072 has divided it
into 7 states. There are 753 local bodies. Each
local body will have local executives, provinces
will have provincial executives and there will be
an executive at the centre too, which is known
as federal executive.

: Wow! It sounds interesting. We have learnt
about local executive. But what does provincial
executive mean and how is it formed?

: Each province will have its own legislature

known as provincial assembly. This is the law
making body of a province. And the provincial
government will be formed by the majority of this
provincial assembly. It is the law implementing
body of a province which is composed of
chief minister along with other ministers. The
governor of the province appoints the leader
of the parliamentary party commanding the
majority in the provincial assembly as the chief

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 91

Ram minister and under his/her chairmanship, a
provincial council of ministers is formed which is
Jharana known as the provincial executive or provincial
government.
Ram : We have local government in our Rural
Jharana Municipality and central government for the
Ram whole country. What does this provincial
Jharana government do then?
: Provincial government works for:
92 – promoting local language and culture.
– maintaining peace and security.
– utilizing the available resources.
– controlling and regulating the

administration.
– making development plans for the

administration .
: Is it? I think this system is very good for us. We

will have three authorities to develop our place,
won’t we?
: Sure. You’re right.
: I’m really grateful to you . Thanks a lot for this
information.
: Not at all Ram. Bye, Ram.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Evaluation Activities:

1. Imagine that you got an opportunity to meet a member of our
parliament. Make any five questions that you want to ask him/her
about the government formed at a province level.

2. Make a list of any five works that you expect from the provincial
government for your community.

3. Fill in the blanks correctly:

a. We will have …….levels of executive in the country.

b. The constitution of Nepal was promulgated on…………………

c. …………….. declared Nepal Federal Democratic Republic .

d. Provincial government works for …………… the local language
and culture.

4. Answer these questions.

a. What do you mean by executive?
b. What are three levels of executive?
c. How many local bodies are there in Nepal?
d. What is provincial government?
e. What does a provincial government do?

5. Federal system of government is said to be appropriate for the
overall development of Nepal. Why is it so? Take the help of your
teacher and answer in 5 points.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 93

Lesson Etiquette, Manners & Understanding

6 Objectives : At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:
deal with familiar and unfamiliar people in the community

Adarsha and Samyam are discussing on some important topics i.e.
etiquette, manners and understanding.

Adarsha: Our teacher tells us to have good etiquette and manners
with people. I’m not very clear what he really means by
it. Can you please clarify it for me?

Samyam: As far as I have understood, etiquette and manners are
complementary words. They mean the way somebody
behaves and speaks towards other people. They
are related to good behavior and conduct. They are
considered to be polite or correct in a society or in a
culture.

Note to the teacher: You can make this lesson more effective by playing role model. You can
practically involve the students in acting various roles.

94 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Adarsha: Do we have to show the same etiquette and manners to
everyone ?

Samyam: There are people of different status in the society. Some
of them may be familiar and some are unfamiliar to
us. Some may be strong and some may be weak and so
on. We should deal or behave with them equally and
politely. We should not discriminate them based on any
ground.

Adarsha: You mean there should not be any discrimination, don’t
you?

Samyam: Yes, you are right! Everyone is born equal. They altogether
make our society or community. Our relationship and
understanding with them largely depend on our dealing
and behavior. If we behave them well, they too will
do the same to us. We can create nice and friendly
environment this way. Many things depend on our

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 95

behavior and conduct.

Good etiquette and conduct create trust, confidence
and understanding among people. When there is
understanding, there will be peace, co-operation and
collaboration.

Adarsha: In case, there is a conflict, how should we deal with it?

Samyam: Yes, we can’t avoid conflict under certain circumstances.
If there is such a situation, we should not take sides.
We should play a mediator’s role. We should listen to
both sides and try to find out the truth. We should be
impartial. We should encourage them to talk and come
to some understanding. We should find common ground
for an amicable solution.

Adarsha: How can we develop and maintain good relation,
understanding and
co-operation with
unfamiliar people?

Samyam: There are people of
different motives.
It is difficult to
judge them by
their faces. Along
with courteous and
polite behavior, we need to be cautious and careful
while dealing with unfamiliar people. There is a chance
of getting into trouble unknowingly. In such a situation,
we should get help from familiar people.

Adarsha: Thank you, Samyam! You made many things clear to me.
Let’s cultivate the habit of good etiquette and manners
towards others in the society. Trust, understanding
and co-operation are dependent on our etiquette and
manners. Along with this, learning the art of mediation
is also equally important.

96 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five

Evaluation Activities:

1. Go to your neighbourhood. Observe a while quietly how people
behave with known and unknown people. Note down and share
it with your classmates.

2. Write ‘T’ for true and ‘F’ for false statement.

a. By etiquette, we mean same behavior with both familiar
and unfamiliar people.

b. Etiquette and good manners foster trust, confidence and
understanding.

c. We should be cautious and careful with unfamiliar people.
d. Good manners make a person nice to know.
e. We should behave with unfamiliar person differently.
f. We should learn to be a mediator in conflict situation.

3. Answer the following questions:

a. What do you mean by etiquette?
b. Why is etiquette important?
c. Why should we behave equally with all?
d. What do you do if there is a quarrel between your

classmates?
e. Why should we be careful and cautious with unfamiliar

people?
f. How do you behave with known or unknown persons

according to your culture and tradition?

Etiquette and manners are our ornaments. We should cooperate and live
peacefully in the society.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 97

Unit -5

Our Earth

Lesson 1 Physical Features and Soil
of Nepal

Lesson 2 Climate, Vegetations &
Social Life of Nepal

Lesson 3 Outline Map & Important
Places of Nepal

Lesson 4 Uses of Globe & Map
Lesson 5 Our Neighbouring Countries

Lesson Physical Features and Soil of Nepal

1 Objectives : At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:
know the physical features and different types of soil of Nepal, and
tell about climatic condition and soil according to the physical features.

Nepal is situated in Asia, in the lap of mountains. It is a land-
locked and mountainous country. It is bounded by China from the
north and India from east, south and west. Its total area is 1,47,181
square km.

It is elongated east-west and narrow north-south. Its east-west
average length is 885 km and north-south average width is 193
km. It is diverse in physical features.

There are high mountains in the north, plain land in the south
and hills in the middle. Most of the land is covered by hills and
mountains. The soil differs from region to region.

Note to the teacher: Show students the physical map of Nepal. Discuss about the different
landform existing in our country. Ask students where they come from and how is the climatic
condition there.

Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five 99

Mountain Region: Kumbhakarna

There are high
mountain ranges in the
north of our country.
The important ranges
are Kumbhakarna,
Mahalangur, Rolwaling,
Lamtang, Annapurna,
Dhaulagiri mountain
ranges. There are many
high mountain peaks.

The highest mountain
in the world, Mt Sagarmatha and the third highest mountain, Mt
Kanchanjungha and some other world famous mountain peaks are
located in this region. These peaks are covered by snow throughout
the year. It is very cold there. This region is called Mountain Region
(Himali Pradesh) as there are many himals.

The landform or soil is rocky, hard and very dry. It is not suitable
for growing crops and vegetation. This region occupies about 15%
of total area of Nepal.

Hill Region:

There is hill region in the middle of
our country. Hilly region consists
of many modrately high hills,
bensi, tars and valleys (upatyaka).
This region is comprised of
Mahabharat ranges in the north
and Siwalik (Chure) hill ranges
in the south. Different types of
soils like red soil, dry soil, sandy
soil, black, soil etc are found here.
Generally the soil is suitable for growing fruits and vegetables.
Suntala, jyamir, bhogate, kagati, alaichi, amliso, tea, coffee, etc. are
grown in this region.

100 Social Studies & Creative Arts Book Five