2019 ELIP Digest

ELIP 2018

Coconut Peel and Slicer Machine (COPESM 5061)

T. Ishak1, a, M. G. M. Afiqazim1, b, H. M. A. Syauqi1, c, J. M. Myra1, d 1
Department of Electrical Engineering, Politeknik Ibrahim Sultan, Johor Bahru, Johor
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Keywords: Coconut peeler; Slicer machine

Abstract. Normally people will open a coconut manually using a knife and it is very dangerous, slow and it requires hard
work. Coconut Peeler and Slicer Machine (COSPESM) is produced by using the PLC self-holding circuit. This machine
is used to neatly trim the side and top of a coconut. It is mainly used by companies that are selling or produce coconut.
But small shops such as personal shops also use this kind of machine to run their business. It is created to help people
who sells coconut for their business. It is to make their work easier and it could overcome any problem such as injuries
during the process of peeling and slicing the coconut manually.

Introduction
A Coconut Peel and Slicer Machine is a product that has been in demands for users nowadays. It is produced by using
the PLC self-holding circuit. This machine is used to neatly trim the side and top of a coconut. It is mainly used by
companies that are selling or produce coconut. But small shops such as personal shops also use this kind of machine to
run their business. It is created to help people who sells coconut for their business. It is to make their work easier and it
could overcome any problem such as injuries during the process of peeling and slicing the coconut manually. Therefore,
‘Coconut Peel and Slicer Machine’ is a great invention because it could make work more efficient and easier for users.
The some previous research from IKS coconut machine that we found. First is the coconut peeler machine and the
coconut trimming machine. By comparing this two machine there are operating with one operating. In addition, for
coconut peeler machine feature is use of motor and the weight is 96kg. Plus peeler machine control by a 1 phase motor.
The process of method that is the usage, the young coconut is placed vertically on a holder and clamped before starting
the process of formation. When young coconuts spinning, workers must control the depth of the blade forming manually
so that most of trimmed green skin. The rotational speed of the fruit can also be adjusted accordingly. This prototype
machine capable of forming young coconuts 95 per hour when the engine rotation speed is limited at 400 rpm.
Beside for coconut trimming machine features is fully auto using a compressor and a 1 phase motor 0.75KW. The
dimension is (330x490x910 mm). The process of method of this machine includes a rack machine, the axis of rotation,
control system, device driver, the stator cylinder, peeling blades and blades, and other blades made of high speed steel,
more durable. The coconut is placed on the axis of rotation, then the start button is pressed, the peeling knives and cutting
blades will start trying to eliminate and reduce skin of the top coconut, then stop the motor and take the coconut. Finally,
you just need to cut the bottom of the coconut it will be good enough.
Moreover by comparing the two machine. IKS coconut machine is to improve this machine. Firstly, the peeling process is
controlled with a 1 phase electric motor. The young coconut is placed vertically on a holder and clamped before starting
the process of formation. After operating the electric motor, the coconut is peeled. After that, the top of the coconut will
be peeled. At the cutting process it will be controlled by pneumatic system.

Previous Work
Young Coconut Diamond Peel Machine - This project was undertaken to design and develop a forming machine of
coconut. The main purpose of the design of this machine is for resizing and removing most of the outer skin of young
green coconut to produce coconut (hexagon) more attractive and easier to cut. This machine is based on the mechanism
of lathe machine comprising a pair of blade and handle up and down to clamp pieces of coconut. During operation,
young coconuts placed vertically on a holder and clamped before starting the process of formation. When young
coconuts spinning, workers must control the depth of the blade forming manually so that most of trimmed green skin.
The rotational speed of the fruit can also be adjusted accordingly. This prototype machine capable of forming young
coconuts 95 per hour when the engine rotation speed is limited at 400 rpm. Fruit damage is around 5% and blades should
be replaced after every 30 coconuts formed as mentioned by J. Trop (2014).

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Bway Coconut Trimming Machine V3.0 - This project was undertaken to design and develop a forming machine of
coconut. The main purpose of the design is Bway coconut trimming machine for resizing and removing most of the outer
skin of young green coconut to produce coconut (hexagonal) more attractive and easier to cut. This machine includes
a rack machine, the axis of rotation, control system, device driver, the stator cylinder, peeling blades and blades, and
other blade made of high speed steel, more durable. Place the coconut on the axis of rotation, then press the start button,
peeling knives and cutting blades will start trying to eliminate and reduce skin oil palm top, then stop the motor and
take the oil. Finally, you just need to cut the bottom of the oil it will be good enough. This machine can peel 5-6 /s. The
machine also uses a voltage of AC 220V / 50Hz, Single Phase and power 0.75KW. In addition, this machine also uses a
speed of up to 181 + -10rpm and finally, this machine uses a system of automatic control program.
By:Jarimopas, B. and Ruttanadat, N. (2007). Development of a young coconut trimming machine. Journal of Food
Engineering 79: 752 – 757.

Methodology
The study to create this machine by conducting a complete past study of existing machines on the market today and most
of the existing machines are now inadequate to safety, hygiene and quality of fruit to be sold and served to customers.
This machine also uses hardware and software. This machine system is guarded by hardware tool, including 12v power
supply (CMPU), wire (2.5, 1.5 mm), timer, relay, 5 / 2wave, motor, compressor and double acting cylinder. In addition,
this machine is designed using the software Fliudsim make a system of internal control, sketch art is used to shape the
design of coconut peel machine and engine slicer. The project is produce base on the observation and literature review
that we made. Usually, the young coconut is opened by using the knife manually and it exposed to the danger that
can cause the injury. Therefore, a young coconut peeling machine is widely used and produced but the machine were
not opened the upper of the young coconut. There are several ways of operation such as manual, semi-automatic and
automatic.
The project that we want to produce is to achieve the objective given. The machine is usually expose to the danger if
not handle with care. This project is produce more safety such as the peeling and opened process is made inside of the
machine and it consist of the flow the waste of the coconut. This is prevent the waste of the young coconut is scattered to
everywhere. As we seen many machine that produced is the waste of the young coconut is scattered. Besides, the process
is occurred outside and poses to the danger.
The system of this project is produce by using the Programmable Logic Control (PLC) and automation. There are
many advantages used the PLC and automation such as high reliability, a wide range of control application, easier to
modification and easy to handle. Besides, this project also used the electro-pneumatic control such as the double acting
cylinder is used to control the system thus its connected to the electrical component.

Product Design
Coconut peel and slice machine used the plc system method in trimming and cutting the coconut easily. In this process,
there are few things that were needed to be operated such as for both trimmers that is the side trimmer and the top
trimmer. Other than that is the process in cutting open the top of the coconut. All of these elements play a major role in
operating the machine. See Figure 1.

Figure 1: Complete flow of Coconut Peel and Slicer Machinet

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Design of Casing

(a) (b) (c)

Figure 2: (a) Front view, (b) Back machine view, (c) Inside machine view

Conclusion
In conclusion, by using the coconut peel and slice machine it will help a lot of people who run any business that involves
coconut. Producing this project is to provide an easier way to peel and slice open a coconut just by a push of a button. It
also reduces the energy of a person when handling a coconut. In the nutshell, hopefully by producing this coconut peel
and slice machine may ease people who uses just their hands and a knife to open a coconut.

References
[1] I. Ibrahim, “Design of A Curry Puff Making Machine,” 2010.
[2] B. Paton, Fundamentals of Digital Electronics. 1998.
[3] “Earliest Logic Gates Were Made,” [Online], 2014. [Online]. Available: http://www.scribd.com/doc/24926600/
HISTORY-the-Earliest-Logic-Gates-Were-Made.

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ELIP 2018

Easy Air Inflator Pump

W. M. R. W. Zulhairi Fikri1, a, A. M. Nuramri1, b, A. Rozieana1, c 1
Department of Electrical Engineering, Polytechnic Ibrahim Sultan, Johor Bahru, Johor

[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Keyword: Arduino; Compressor; Timer; LCD

Abstract: Our project title is Easy Air Inflator Pump (E.A.I.P). Easy Air Inflator Pump is a project for solve tire problem
on the highway actually for vehicle user. The objective for this project is to design a pump that can save time and also can
save energy drivers to pumping tire and it also easily carried anywhere. In chapter two we discuss about the types of the
information product and the operation. There are many different types of product may be more appropriate, but the final
choice depend on the constraints and objectives of this project. Conducted a literature review is the basic for the system
to operation project. In chapter three, we explain about the block diagram. In this project, work using 12V power supply.
Moreover we also put the project circuits are use in project such as power supply circuit, buzzer circuit, compressor as
a pump and their function. Then we write our project circuit operation. Lastly, we hope in the next semester, we will
be making a change to upgrade our project to become better and to provide facilities to user and the objective can be
achieve.

Introduction
EAIP is Easy Air Inflator Pump. This pump is simple and easy to use. It made to solve tire puncture’s problem on the
highway. This pump is safe and efficient way to pump car tires. Besides that, this pump also can use in emergency case
such as puncture at the midnight. The objective for this project is to design a pump that can save time and also can save
energy drivers to pumping tires. This pump also easily carried anywhere. This project used several type of circuit such as
power supply circuit, Arduino, buzzer circuit and compressor as a pump. In this project works using 12V power supply.
Easy air inflator pump a compact design making it to take wherever you travel. It is ideal for car and four-wheel drive.
EAIP operates when the timer is set to compact value depends on pressure needed on tires. After the timer reach the set
value, the buzzer will produce sound and timer will reset automatically.
Easy Air Inflator Pump usually to pump the tire problem such as flat or less air tire using timer. The buzzer will produce
sound to notice that the compressor is stop operate and the timer that display on LCD monitor will reset. The difference
of this project and nowadays is using car socket for operate the compressor. The timer is installed to this project to set up
the limit of pressure in specific time. The DC compressor is used to easy operate using car battery.

t
Nowadays vehicles are very important to humans especially car. Somehow, there are many problem occur that are not
foreseen such as flat tire, less air in tire, zero percentage of battery and broken plug. On this project, we are focusing on
solve the less air tire problem. Thus, the Easy Air Inflator Pump (EAIP) innovation project is able to provide the drivers
from having less air tire problem by pump the tire through compressor by using car socket.
The projects by comprehensive literature review. The main focus areas of literature review are literatures related to
successful applications of Easy Air Inflator Pump. Based on the literature review, a model of EAIP is developed. Next
stage, the circuit of electronic is developed. Repairing on the model will be made to further improve the result. The result
obtained also can be a case study to study the feasibility of producing commercialize the product. EAIP used to pump the
less air tire as default.

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Figure 1: Flowchart of methodology

Product Design

Figure 2: Block diagram control circuit

Setup product

(a) (b)
Conclusion
At the end of this product, we hope our consumer able to accept and use our innovation properly. We hope this innovation
can solve the problem occur when travel in long distance such as less air in the tire or spare tire.
References
[1] M. Mcroberts, Beginning Arduino. Apress, 2010.
[2] B. Paton, Fundamentals of Digital Electronics. 1998.

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ELIP 2018

Hoard Counter

M. Mardiah1, a, A. M. Asri1, b, M. M. Syakirin1, c, W.A. Syazwan1, d 1
Department of Electrical Engineering, Politeknik Ibrahim Sultan, Johor Bahru, Johor
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

[email protected]
Keywords: Coin Sorter, PIC16

Abstract. The Hoard Counter is a design project that operates through PIC interfacing using parallel ports. PIC 16
is used to program the parallel port to be able to manipulate the count of coin. The parallel port was used so that the
program would be able to interact with the circuitry fully. The design will count the coin using limit switch. It has six
limit switch that used for old coin and new coin (50cent, 20cent and 10cent). Electronics, Microprocessors and PIC 16
are the essential courses used as basic for design’s internal structure. In the current economic downturn worsening, they
do not realize that saving money can help them in their future. The mechanical aspect of the design is based on coin
sorter from vending water machine. If coin has been added on The Hoard Counter, the total RM100.00 of coin will be
display on LCD that have on circuit. With the use of PIC 16, the intended operation of the design could be achieved and
successfully.

Introduction
System of this Hoard Counter is probably the common goods in the market now. The project that we would like to
highlight here is the Hoard Counter. The hoard counter has a different features and functions that are suited to the present
age. In addition, the fund is also equipped with limit switch that allow it to read new and old coin money (50cent, 20cent,
10cent) that was added. Furthermore, the components used do not require high costs. This Hoard Counter uses the
adapter as power supply only. So, if someone is entering paper money the limit switch will not detect the elements.
Hoard Counter as additional function to attract people to save money. Savings can also help us to finance the education
of children so that they have the skills and knowledge that are perfect. So the project that we would like to do is Hoard
Counter where the purpose is to count old and new coin, LCD to display amount of money and finally keypad and
solenoid valve as a security system. Besides that, this Hoard Counter will separate the coin at the different section to
make it easier for the users to take out the coin from the product.

Previous Work
Currently most of the devices can only count the money and not separates the coin to make it easier. For this reason, the
‘Hoard Counter’ is been created to make it easier to the users. In connection with this project, we have made a number of
studies and survey on the schematic, then we finally have found a suitable circuit used for this project.
The security from [1], it must be enter a four digit password. After enter the four digit password, the green light will on.
While if enter wrong password the red light will on and

“PLEASE TRY AGAIN “ will heard from the buzzer. Also [1] can change security password by hold the “#” button
down, both of the green and red lights will flash. Then within 15 second, enter the new 4 digit password, to confirm the
new password press again “#” to store it and light stop flashing. Money Safe - At [1], the device is available to save paper
money, play jewelry, baseball card or playing card. When put paper money at [1], it will automatic scroll into. But it
doesn’t work if the paper money is too old or too soft. Devices [2] is mostly to saving money coin only.
Dimension - From [1], the dimension of this piggy bank is L x W x H: 13.5cm x 12.5cm x 19.5cm. The material made
up by environmental ABS plastic. At [2], the specification of product is L x W x H: 12cm x 12cm x 22cm. Both of this
[1] and [2] have an ideal size of saving box. Supply - At [1], this device operated by use 3 AA batteries. While [2] used
ABS + electronic components and usually a battery can be maintain to use 10 months to 1 year. If the batteries do a
replacement the count will restart to 0.

Methodology
The project design includes the hardware and software system. The detail of the workflow of the project will be discussed
which include the device design and program development. The system will begin reviewed on circuits and methods such
as, the PIC16F877A circuit, limit switch, and LCD display that will be search to develop the system. All the materials
have to be reviewed in the way to know the function of each circuit. The initial construction is done by using the Proteus
Software, for easier testing and modification.

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Figure 1: Workflow of Project for Hardware
All the components will be connected similar to the schematic circuit. In this stage, the circuit has been simulated for
many times to make sure it finally work. After circuit is completely functioned, it will be transferred to the Printed Circuit
Board (PCB). Before that, the circuit will be created using tool in the Proteus which is called ARES. The next stage for
the hardware design was to build the circuit on the PCB board. All the components will be inserted on the board and then
it will be tested to make sure it is function or not. If the circuit does not function, the connection will be checked and the
circuit will be the tested until it works. After that, the circuits will be combined and the functionality will also be tested.
Product Design
There are a few type of circuit that will be combined and included together to create this project. The flow of the system
is when 12V input is inserted, the circuit will work completely and will be set into several part standard. The process is
begin when the coin is inserted, the coin will enter the appropriate hole in the stream and the limit will act as a counter
to count the amount the money. The microcontroller is placed at the receiver place, where it is control the output of LCD
display. The amount of money entered will be displayed on the LCD display. In addition, as security we use solenoid
valve as a lock and keypad to access if the entered password is correct. The coins that have been entered will be divided
into sections where the coins will be segregated according to the type of coin. Moreover, it is can generate power 24
hours a day nonstop. See Figure 2.

Figure 2: Some Part of Structure

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Visualization 3D Product

(a) (b)
Figure 4: (a) Top view and (b) Front view

Figure 5: Real view

Figure 6: Some Part of Structure
Conclusion
We propose this Hoard Counter, in which the approach of count old and new coins 10cent, 20 cent 50 cents. We using
a combination the limits switch and LCD to count any coin and show on LCD display. In addition, by this part we put
solenoid valve and keypad as lock of this product. Other that than, the dimension of structure able be redesign to ensure
the shape and physical more interest. Further, these products are able to assist our community to foster an interest to save
money. The resulting product will be beneficial also in our daily life.
References
[1] B. Paton, Fundamentals of Digital Electronics. 1998.
[2] E. L. Evans, T.C., Gavrilovich, E., Mihai, R.C. and Isbasescu, I., D. Thelen, J. A. Martin, S. M. Allen, and S.
SA, “Patent Application Publication : Electronic Device Having Proxmity Touch Function And Control Method
Thereof,” 2014.

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ELIP 2018

Smart Smoke Detector Using Phone/Gadget Application

M. Rozita1, a, S. M. Syahir1, b, A. M. Firdaus1, c, J. F. Hamimi1, d 1
Department of Electrical Engineering, Polytechnic Ibrahim Sultan, Johor Bahru, Johor
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Keywords: Smoke Sensor; Wireless Connection; Devices Application; Fire Detector

Abstract. According to the National Fire Protection Society website (NFPA), “in 2010, there were 1,300,331,500
fires reported in the United States. This fire resulted in 3120 civilian deaths, 17720 civilian injuries of $ 11.6 billion in
property damage. It is also estimated that in the United States, the bomber department reacts to fire every 24 seconds
“. Looking at this statistic we see that fires in homes and buildings are part of our daily lives. To solve the problem
caused by fires, some security measures have been put into security policies to reduce the number of deaths and losses.
Some of the commonly used security devices today are fire warning systems and smoke detectors. Many homes and
buildings today have fire alarm systems or smoke alarms that warn residents. In the event of fire signals to the building
occupants by sounding a loud enough alarm for everyone in the building to hear and move the goods. This alarm system
only works if the fire alarm can be heard, otherwise nobody near the house or building, fire or smoke in the building
will be destroyed. Another major problem created by fire is that it takes a long time for the fire department to determine
occupied areas and rooms to extinguish the fire. Our project differs from existing systems capable of transmitting data to
smartphones via web (Gmail), indicating live updates of occupied rooms / areas in the house, and rooms burned before
they reach the exact scene.

Introduction
In order to prevent fires from occurring or minimize their impact, accurate and early detection is essential. There are
numerous monitoring and alarm systems available, but they do have various shortcomings. Mobile technologies,
including the global systems for mobile communication and the short-range wireless data connection technology could be
used to monitor and detect fires to prevent fire from occur. It is believe that the incorporation of the proposed system with
current and new homes can results in a much smarter home or properties that can inform their owners or an authority in
case of a fire.
In a first approach smoke, detection instruments are products of safety technology and are used preferably t protects
worker and to ensure plant safety. Smoke detection systems are dedicated to detect dangerous smoke concentrations,
to trigger alarms and as far as possible to activate counter measures, before it can come to a hazardous situation for
employees, assets and environment.

Previous Work
A smoke detector is a device that senses smoke, typically as an indicator of fire. Commercial security devices issue a
signal to a fire alarm control panel as part of a fire alarm system, while household smoke detectors, also known as smoke
alarms, generally issue a local audible or visual alarm from the detector itself. When there is smoke detected, the alarm
will make some noise to attract the nearby people of the existing of fire. Our new smoke detector which is known as
smart smoke detector using phone\gadget. A smart smoke detecting device which is connected to your smartphone or
gadget. It will send you a notification to your email in your smartphone whenever it detect a present of smoke. Generally,
the old smoke detector will sense the smoke by using noise\alarm sound. This sometimes will make people around
become panic. Sometimes, this alarm also came from other factor other than smoke. Which is comes from vandalism
activities especially in school or public place. When our new smart smoke detector are used, it will detect the real fire
from the smoke and automatically send the information that include the location and time to email or message to the
responsible committee.

Methodology
In order to archive the objective of the scope few tasks need to be done for the hardware of the system. For the hardware
of the system there are two parts which have to be considered. They are the smoke sensor and raspberry board. The
methodology is the theoretical analysis of a method or methods. Research is a systematic research to increase the amount
of knowledge, is also a systematic effort and organization life to researching specific issues that need answers. The
methodology used as a guide in a project where each method or way that is attached to a project that dealt with one by
one in order to complete the project. This is intended to reduce errors that might occur in the project. Before the project
can be completed, the various methods or processes that must be followed to ensure that the projects do not have a
problem.

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Figure 1: Flowchart of methodology

Project Design

When the Smoke Alarm is triggered, it will send a signal using the radio transmitter to its receiver, which is connected to
the Raspberry PI. When the Raspberry detects a constant signal for more 10 seconds, it then sends us an email and text
message to telegram.

Conclusion
As the conclusion, we design this project because sometimes, the smoke alarm is often used is sometimes mistaken as
fake alarm. Some people are always being unaware of smoke alarm when they are in a noisy surrounding. When there
is fire, the alarm of the smoke can’t give us the location that involved in fire. This may take some times to identify the
location and it may increase the potential of higher damaged will occur. The objectives of our project is to increase
people’s awareness when there is fire as people nowadays are more aware to their smartphone notification then smoke
alarm. Then, it easier to detect the location of the fire. Lastly, it can prevent the panic and havoc situation as an alarm
through smartphone notification is quieter and more noticeable.

Reference
[1] Mamat Muhammad Yusof, “Flood Monitoring System Using GSM,” Blogspot.com, 2012. [Online]. Available:
http://muhammadyusofmamat89.blogspot.com/?m=1.
[2] J. Hind Bsc, Fire and Gas Detection and Control in the Process Industry. 2009.
[3] C. Dedy and I. McAlpine, Raspberry Pi Cookbook. 2014.

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ELIP 2018

Smart Charger

Z. Faizah1, a, S. Nazurah1, b, W.K. Fazlin1, c, M. Z. F. Silmi1, d
1Department of Electrical Engineering, Polytechnic Ibrahim Sultan, Johor Bahru, Johor
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Keywords: Smart charger; Solar; Rechargeable

Abstract: The goal of this project is to solve the problem for those who like camping or vacation. This smart charger
can operate from solar energy and charge a rechargeable battery. Smart charger has an automatic solar charger controller
circuit to verify the input from the solar panel. The smart charger also has a battery volt indicator circuit to see how much
battery is left. This project is very easy to carry everywhere for specific purposes because it can store 12V supply.

Introduction
During this era of modernization there are many problems that is needed to be solve to cope with the rapid grow of the
world. One of the major problems is the need for electricity [2]. We all know that we can generate electricity in many
ways, but our most common ways to create electricity is to use non-renewable energy sources such as fossil fuel. Further
into the future as the world grow, the demand for electricity will surely increase but the time for fossil fuel to form is
billions of years. If we keep relying on non-renewable sources it will surely cause a major problem.
Renewable energy sources have been found for centuries long for example hydro, geothermal, biomass, wind, and solar
but the uses of renewable energy sources in generating electricity is very low. This is because the energy produce by a
renewable source power plant is far lower than power plant which uses non-renewable sources as to supply electricity to
the consumer with increasing demand for electricity day by day [3]. Although renewable energy source is easy to obtain
than non-renewable source, it still is least favoured by the consumer.

Previous Work
Almost 12 percent of the energy used was due to renewable energy sources, especially biomass [1]. The vast majority
of biomass use is in the oil palm industry. The future in the face of the labour crisis as a result of higher oil prices and
high energy consumption costs is the use of renewable energy. Among the applications of solar energy is to absorb solar
energy and heat in the pore form before converting it into hot steam.
Based on the Michael Davis [2] builds an automatic solar charge controller for 12V battery using the 555 timer IC. It
is a switching circuit controlling the connection between the solar panel output and battery terminals. When the battery
terminal voltage is below the lower limit, the charging process starts, which stops automatically when the battery voltage
reaches the upper limit. The conversion is done using a relay switch.
The smart charging concept described above is used for mobile electronics devices so the charge cycle and release
features may change slightly [4]. Instead of connecting the output to the electric grid is usually not fully charge the
battery in a single journey, but there may be some interruptions in charging periods where the electricity demand in the
grid exceeds the available supply.

Methodology
Smart Charger contains 5 main parts that are solar panel, battery, automatic solar charger controller circuit, battery volt
indicator circuit and 5V regulated power supply circuit. At the beginning we have the solar panel which converts sunlight
into electrical energy and then the electrical energy is then stored in a battery using an automatic solar charger controller
circuit which can be used to regulate the charging of batteries from photovoltaic (PV) Solar Panel. When solar panel
produce enough current and voltage, it will starts charging the battery. The regulator circuit converted 12V supply to 5V
for USB output appliance voltage such as mobile phone charger and so on. The operation of smart charger as shown in
Figure 1.

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Figure 1: The operation of smart charger

Product Design
A battery volt indicator circuit is function when the switch is ON and can to detect the battery status. The battery status
is simply shown by LED indicator at the front panel of smart charger. The green LED shows for power ON while Yellow
LED is battery charging indicator. The charging process will automatically cut off when the battery voltage reached 14.7
V. The yellow LED indicator also automatically turn off. Smart charger also designs to automatically shut down at night.
At this condition the LED indicator shows both green and yellow LED will turn ON. Refer Figure 3, smart charger is it
will alert user when the polarity of battery was connected to the board incorrectly. The conditions showing orange LED
light up. While the red LED will light up when the fuse is broken. Figure 2 shows overall design of smart charger.

hFigure 2: Design of Smart Charger

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Smart Charger Operation

Figure 3 :(a) LED indicator showing battery status (b) Green LED ON showing right polarity

Conclusion
The smart charger is suitable for home used or can bring anywhere especially for outdoor activity because it used 12V
rechargeable battery which is can charge using o the solar panel. Overall function of smart charger is good but for future
improvement the used of high end rechargeable battery is recommended to ensure can supply voltage for any device for
longer period of time. Other than that, by adding digital display at front panel of smart charger can make user feel easier
to check the percentage of battery left.

References
[1] M. Grover, B. Lohith Kumar, and I. Ramalla, “The Free Energy Generator,” Int. J. Sci. Res. Publ., vol. 4, no.
12, pp. 1–4, 2014.
[2] K.Vignesh, P. Sakthi, A. Pugazhenthi, V. Karthikeyan, and C. Vinothkumar, “Free Energy Bicycle 1,” Int. J.
Innov. Sci. Eng. Technol., vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 714–721, 2015.
[3] S. Gadkari, K. Kolte, M. Jasani, A. Vichare, and S. Beatrice, “Generation of Electricity from Fans,” Int. J.
Comput. Sci. Inf. Technol., vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 3294–3297, 2014.

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MyTASK

M. Syauqi1, a, M. Azwani1, b, N. A. Syahida1, c, J. Norli1, d
1Department of Electrical Engineering, Polytechnic Ibrahim Sultan, Johor Bahru, Johor
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Keywords: Arduino; LCD; Solenoid-lock

Abstract. The most of lecturers are having problems providing a place for collecting and storing assignments that have
been given to students such as End of Chapter and practical reports. This problem will be more severe if one lecturer
has more than one class. This will result in the exchange or mixing of the assignments with other classes. In addition,
the most common among students are usually like to copy or steal other’s assignment. Hence, MYTASK is specially
designed to help lecturers collect and keep the assignments more organized and secure. This product can facilitate
lecturers collecting student assignments more regularly without interfering with the assignments of other classmates.
In addition, this product can also prevent the assignment that have submitted is been steal or copied, this product can
also help lecturers identify students who are not submitting their assignments. This product was created for lecturer use.
MYTASK is a product that has two slot compartments to deliver assignments given by lecturers.

Introduction
Assignment or homework is a set of task assigned to a students by their lecture or teacher to be completed out of the class
time. Common homework or assignment may include a quantity or period of reading to perform. Writing or typing to be
completed, math problem to be solved or others skill to be practice. As a lecturer, the assignment given must be collected
to make sure the assignment checked. The problem that lecturer face are they not have a proper place to collect the
assignment because usually lecturer have plenty class or programme that they teach.
So students have come out an idea that call “MyTASK”. MyTASK is a product that can place assignment or task
systematically. It is because this machine that can be set the time to submit the assignment. For example if the lecturer
set the task must be submit by 4.00 pm, students only can submit the task between that time if students submit the task at
4.01 pm the product cannot be open and students can not submit it.
Features that have in this product. First, this product have 2 slot of compartment. So the lecturer can set 2 task separately
depend on class, subject, or type of task. This product also using Digital screen and keypad. It is to make the lecturer easy
to set the task or set the details. For safety, this product can be lock at the front of this product so that the assignment will
be secured. The product only can be run by lecturer because it have password.

Methodology
Methodology are explain about the aspects that student use is related with methods design of shape of project,
all equipment that students use, and how the way of work to implement this project. For make sure this project is
successfully done , with the systematic steps of procedure must be plan nicely for make sure this project is achieve the
objective and also can be done based on the schedule and plan that students planned.
Figure1 show the flow of methodology. The project starts by performing comprehensive literature review. The main focus
areas of literature review are literature. Related to successfully application of ‘MyTASK’. Based on the literature review,
a model of ‘MyTASK’ for submitting and placed assignment is develop. Next stage, the circuit in “MyTASK’ is develop
.Repairing on the model will be made to further improve the result.

Figure 1: Flow chart of methodology

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Product Design
There are a few type of circuit that will combine and included together to create this product. The circuit are main signal
board of Arduino Uno, 12volt Dc power supply circuit, relay circuit and LCD and keypad circuit. Firstly, from power
supply of 12 volt will connected to Arduino and the output is 5volt. Next, from LCD and keypad, admin will enter and
set the time of submission. Then, relay circuit will operate to control the solenoid motor either to push or pull. ‘MyTASK’
using two power supply of 12volt or two of adapter to make the circuit is more stable. The complete block diagram of
“MyTASK” fan as follow, in figure2:

Figure 2: Complete block diagram of “MyTASK”

Figure 3: Completation of model “MyTASK”
The ways to use this MYTASK are lecturers should enter the password in box A and box B using the correct password.
After that, the lecturer must set the time for the students to submit their assignments within a period of time that the
lecturer has set up as a lecturer at the
time of 24 hour. Once the lecturer sets the time, the slot compartment will open all the time until the time set by the
lecturer has not expired and when it has reached the designated time, the solenoid automatically closes or blocks the slot
so that it cannot be opened. This can alert a student to send their assignments more quickly and at the same time, the
lecturer can identify students who are submitting their assignments on the time.
Conclusion
In conclusion, hoping that the project, named MyTASK, can be accepted by various parties as a project that promotes
future printers because in this sophisticated era there are many competitors where many new inventions have been
created by scientists or from anyone, every creation designed to have certain roles and functions to be applied in daily
affairs. Finally, the MyTASK project was successfully run and implemented. With the success achieved, the project
achieved its objective of building a systematic assignment gathering place, to ensure the assignment was delivered at the
stipulated time and to avoid theft and copy the assignment.
References
[1] E. L. Evans, T.C., Gavrilovich, E., Mihai, R.C. and Isbasescu, I., D. Thelen, J. A. Martin, S. M. Allen, and S.
SA, “Patent Application Publication : Electronic Device Having Proxmity Touch Function And Control Method
Thereof,” 2014.
[2] M. Mcroberts, Beginning Arduino. Apress, 2010.

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ELIP 2018

RFID Based Attendance System

M. S. Surayahani1, a, Y. N. Wei1, b, R. Jeevan1, c
1Department of Electrical Engineering, Polytechnic Ibrahim Sultan, Johor Bahru, Johor.
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Keywords: Radio frequency identification (RFID); MiFare

Abstract. In Politeknik Ibrahim Sultan, Johor, lecturer still used attendance sheet as a system to indicate student
attendance. These give many disadvantages for lecturer and students. This project use to help lecturer in attendance
management for their students. This project called “RFID BASED ATTENDANCE SYSTEM”. This project will function
as same as “touch n go” system where all student need to wave their RFID MiFare metric card through RFID MiFare
reader. Student data will be store temporary in SD Card and this stored data will be checked on laptop through SD Card.
Finally, the database will manage this data and indicate student attendance at that particular day. The important part of
this project is the storage part where this part has major responsibility to take data and transfer data in metric card.

Introduction
Radio-frequency identification (RFID) is a technology that uses radio waves to transfer data from an electronic tag, called
RFID tag or label, attached to an object, through a reader for the purpose of identifying and tracking the object. Radio
frequency identification (RFID) is a matured technology that incorporates the use of electromagnetic or electrostatic
coupling in the radio frequency portion of the electromagnetic spectrum to uniquely identify an object, animal, or
person. RFID chips contain a radio transmitter that emits a coded identification number when queried by a reader device.
Some RFID tags can be read from several meters away and beyond the line of sight of the reader. The application of
bulk reading enables an almost-parallel reading of tags. This small type is incorporated in consumer products, and even
implanted in pets, for identification.
The tag’s information is stored electronically. The RFID tag includes a small RF transmitter which transmits an
encoded radio signal to interrogate the tag, and receiver which receives the message and responds with its identification
information. Some RFID tags do not use a battery. Instead, the tag uses the radio energy transmitted by the reader as
its energy source. The RFID system design includes a method of discriminating several tags that might be within the
range of the RFID reader. RFID can be used in many applications. A tag can be affixed to any object and used to track
and manage inventory, assets, people, etc. For example, it can be affixed to cars, computer equipment, books, mobile
phones, etc. The Healthcare industry has used RFID to reduce counting, looking for things and auditing items. Many
financial institutions use RFID to track key assets and automate compliance. Also with recent advances in social media
RFID is being used to tie the physical world with the virtual world. RFID in Social Media first came to light in 2010 with
Facebook’s annual conference.
RFID is a superior and more efficient way of identifying objects than manual system or use of bar code systems that have
been in use since the 1970s. Furthermore, passive RFID tags (those without a battery) can be read if passed within close
enough proximity to an RFID reader. It is not necessary to “show” the tag to the reader device, as with a bar code. In
other words it does not require line of sight to “see” an RFID tag, the tag can be read inside a case, carton, box or other
container, and unlike barcodes RFID tags can be read hundreds at a time. Bar codes can only be read one at a time.
Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a matured technology that incorporates the use of electromagnetic or
electrostatic coupling in the radio frequency portion of the electromagnetic spectrum to uniquely identify an object,
animal, or person. They are grouped under the automatic identification (Auto-ID) technologies. RFID tags are not an
“improved bar code” as the proponents of the technology would like you to believe. An RFID system consists of three
components which include: an antenna, a transceiver and a transponder (the tag). The antenna and the transceiver
are often incorporated into one reader. The antenna uses radio frequency waves to transmit a signal that activates
the transponder. When activated, the tag transmits data back to the antenna. The RFID can read the tag using Radio
Frequency, meaning that the RFID reader can be read from a distance, right through your clothes, wallet, bags etc. An
RFID tag consists of unique ID for each tag. The RFID technology has been in existence since the early 1920s. This
technology has been used in libraries, museums, race timing, toll collection and contactless payment, tracking of persons
and animals etc.

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Main concept behind Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) based attendance system is to take the attendance of
students in any college or university. RFID MiFare card has to be shown in front of the RFID MiFare reader, then
the attendance of the respective person is noted down in the SD card memory. Most of the educational institution’s
administrators are concerned about student’s attendance. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) based attendance
system is one of the solution to address this problem. This system can be used to allow access for students in college or
university. Its ability to uniquely identify each person based on their RFID MiFare tag type of ID card make the process
of allowing security access easier, faster and secure as compared to conventional method.

Previous work
The use of Radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology in automated electronic environment and for tracking
objects has been widely researched upon by researchers and deployed by various organizations as part of their automation
systems. References [21] and [7] provide examples of a real RFID contact less data link deployments that utilize RFID
technology for object tracking and automated data collection solution. RFID is a technology that uses radio waves to
transfer data from an electronic tag, called RFID tag or label, attached to an object, through a reader for the purpose of
identifying and tracking the object.
In 1945, Leon Theremin invented an espionage tool (for spy activities) for the Soviet Union which retransmitted incident
radio waves with audio frequency information. Sound waves vibrated a diaphragm which slightly altered the shape of
the resonator, which modulated the reflected radio frequency even though this device was covert listening device, not
an identification device or tag, it is considered to be a predecessor of radio frequency identification (RFID) technology
because it was likewise passive, being energized and activated by waves from an outside source. Similar technologies
such as the IFF (identification friend and foe) transponder developed in the United Kingdom, was routinely used by the
allies in the World War 2 to identify aircrafts as friend or foe. Transponders are still used by most powered aircrafts to
this day. Mario .W. Cardullo was the first to have received the United States patent for an active RFID tag with re-
writable memory on January 23, 1973 [4]. In that same year, Charles Walton, a California entrepreneur, received a patent
for a passive transponder used to unlock a door without a key. A card with an embedded transponder communicates a
reader near a door, when the reader detects a valid identification number stored within the tag, the reader unlocks the
door. Walton licensed the technology to Schalge lock of San Francisco, a lock maker and other companies [1].
Time and attendance systems are a major part of today’s human resource systems, take organization towards better
human resource practice, systems and excellence. The implementation of time and attendance system has a lot of
advantages for the people. The kind of system that is implemented depends upon what the organization is trying to
achieve by implementing the system. There are different types of automatic attendance systems; each type of system is
suited to different needs and requirements [9]. Some of the most common types include; biometric attendance system,
magnetic stripe attendance system, barcode attendance system, and RFID attendance system.

Methodology
Data collection is necessary for practically any project or research. We used few methods for collect the data that based
on the research. Group Discussion - The data collection methods for the research we did by group discussion. Besides,
each of us gave their own opinion based on the research. Every opinion that we gave updated and became a research on
our project because there’s an understanding between group members that appreciate each other opinion.
Search in Google and Wikipedia - Google and Wikipedia as popular search engine help us to search some data based
on the equipment that needed to our research. A study about the type of RFID reader to be use in our project held by us.
RFID Mifare Reader is suitable for our project. MIFARE is the NXP Semiconductors owned trademark of a series of
chips widely used in contactless smart cards and proximity cards. The MIFARE name covers proprietary technologies
based upon various levels of the ISO/IEC 14443 Type A 13.56 MHz contactless smart card standard.
Guidance of Supervisor - Our Supervisor gave some ideas how to buy the equipment that needed to the research. Other
than that, she explain the use of the some equipment which used in our project.

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Figure 1.4.1: Flow Chart of RFID Attendance System

Product design
In this only one circuit are used. The circuit is using Arduino Mega2560. The components that used in this project are
Arduino Mega2560, RFID reader RC522, RFID MiFare card, breadboard jumper wires, buzzer, SD card with adapter,
SD card module, LCD display 16x2, variable resistor 10k and power adapter 12V.

Figure 2: Complete flow of RFID based attendance system

Setup Product

(a) (b)
Figure 4: (a) full project (b) circuit

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Conclusion
In this era of technology, RFID systems were widely used in many identification systems. This project only contributes
on small part of the RFID application that can be used to take attendance effectively. Even though much upgraded
technology of identification system used that provide more security such as eye detection identification technology
and thumbprint identification technology, this project still can be used in small institutes, laboratory, schools, and
other related places because this project come with lower price. This project failed to work and further research
is recommended to overcome lacks of attendance management system used now. This project can help lecturer in
maintaining attendance management. If the project success, it will ease lecturer work in management of attendance
talking.

References
[1] C. Costa, “Smart Trolley using Smart Phone and Arduino Harpreet,” J. Electr. Electron. Syst., vol. 6, no. 3,
pp. 1109-010, 2017.
[2] Chaitanya Chilka, “Smart Trolley,” Int. Res. J. India, vol. I, no. VI, p. 4, 2016.
[3] D. Di Paola, D. Naso, A. Milella, G. Cicirelli, and A. Distante, “Multi-sensor surveillance of indoor
environments by an autonomous mobile robot,” 15th Int. Conf. Mechatronics Mach. Vis. Pract. M2VIP’08, pp. 23–28,
2008.

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ELIP 2018

Blind Stick Ultrasonic

M. S. Surayahani1, a, N. Shahira1, b, M. Ridhuan1, c, M. Yusri1, d
1Department of Electrical Engineering, Polytechnic Ibrahim Sultan, Johor Bahru, Johor
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Keywords: Voltage regulator; Crystal oscillator; Buzzer; Ultrasonic sensor

Abstract. Research and Development for affordable and portable assistive devices for the physically challenged. Besides,
it is design to consume less power, portable in size and has an acceptable accurate performance in object distance. This
project aimed at the design and implementation of a detachable unit which acts to augment the functionality of the
existing blind stick, to allow knee-above obstacle detection. So this project can overcome the problem of high market for
visually disabled people.

Introduction
For the smart blind stick, it will be defined as an innovative stick designed for visually disabled people for improved
navigation. We here propose and advanced blind stick that allows visually challenged people to navigate with ease using
advanced technology. The blind stick is integrated with ultrasonic sensors.
Using traditional method, People who are visually impaired face no shortage of problems in Malaysia, where living with
disabilities can be especially challenging. Pedestrians are often forced off of sidewalks that are cluttered with vendors,
animals and other obstacles. And because of the difficulty of moving independently, accessing services is also difficult.
The traditional cane also can’t detect objects higher than the waist.
To solve this kind of problem, this product will be able to detect the barrier. And the device emits ultrasound waves to
detect nearby obstacles and vibrates to warn the user of anyting in its path. Then the ultrasonic sensor it will reflect on a
surface in any shape.

Previous Work
Currently most blind stick built up with different technologies system but can still using a sensor to control the stability
for visually disabled person to maintain the movement of blind stick.
Mooy and Robben (1998) [1] suggest that implicit product properties such as usability are best communicated by
experiencing a product. Because a user experiences the usability of a product after purchasing it (Jokela, 2004; Keinonen,
1998; Nielsen, 2004), for an accurate assessment of the product’s properties it is important to measure the usability of a
product after a user has had sufficient opportunities to experience the product. Bohmann (2000) [2], the accuracy of the
performance was measured in terms of the task completion time and collision rates. The task completion time was the
amount of time from the starting point until reaching a destination. The collision rate was the number of obstacles that the
participant collided with during the navigation task. The most widely used mobility measures for the visually impaired
are walking speed and the number of contacts with obstacles.
Chang and Song (2000) [3], this can also be applied to different situation. When the visually-impaired walk into a new
environment, they will find it difficult to memorize the locations of the object or obstacles. Magori. V and Walker H.,
(1999) [4]”Magori and Walker state that the endurance and accuracy of the sensor is not affected by physical contact.
Comparing with other sensors, the ultrasonic is more accurate”. Han and Hahn (1999) [5] have proven that the distance
and angle measurements of ultrasonic are highly reliable by proving that the relative errors and variances of the
measurements are within a reasonably small range.

Methodology
In implementation stage, project planning is the most important aspects. Proper planning should be emphasized to make
sure the project will be constructed successfully and also to minimize the difficulties while undertaking the project. It is
very important to have this schematic planning and implementation in order to complete the simulation software and the
prototype on time. The methodology of flow chart on Figure 1 shows the overall view for this project.

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Fig 1: Flow of Methodology

We search the idea for our project by looking the problem that visually disable person faced. We started to collect
important information and data about our project using internet and some online article from blog and other sources. We
begin to search some reference to guide us to create and also to understand about the circuit operation for our project.
Moreover, we also choose and using the suitable sensor and components such as Voltage regulator.

Product Design
There are a few circuit that will be combined and included together to create this project.
The buzzer circuit.

Fig 2: Block diagram of Ultrasonic Blind Stick

Design Project

Fig 3: First drawing blind stick

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Setup Product

F\ig 4: Wiring View

Fig 5 . Casing Complete and Complete View
Conclusion
Every project have undertaken its own interests and objectives. Similarly, to his “Blind Stick Ultrasonic” project.
Although many weaknesses in this project had occurred but surely the objective of the project is achieved. The main
purpose of this study is to produce a prototype that can detect objects or obstacles in front of users and feeds warning
back, in the forms of vibration, to users. From the tests carried out on its functions reveal that the developed prototype
which is named Smart-Cane has achieved its objectives. This study would recommend that a power supply meter reading
can be installed to monitor its power status. An alarm system also can be incorporated for use in a situation of very
congested areas and replace PVC with steel so that it will be more durable and robust.

Reference
[1] C. C. Chang and K. T. Song, “Ultrasonic sensor data integration and its application to environment perception,”
J. Robot. Syst., vol. 13, no. 10, pp. 663–677, 1996.
[2] D. Caicedo and A. Pandharipande, “Ultrasonic Array Sensor for Indoor Presence Detection,” in 20th European
Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO 2012), 2012, pp. 175–179.
[3] E. L. Evans, T.C., Gavrilovich, E., Mihai, R.C. and Isbasescu, I., D. Thelen, J. A. Martin, S. M. Allen, and S.
SA, “Patent Application Publication : Electronic Device Having Proxmity Touch Function And Control Method
Thereof,” 2014.

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ELIP 2018

System Delivery with GSM

R.Mas’ud1, a, S. M. F. S. Drus1, b, A. A. D. M. Azam1, c, M. I. M. Zulhazmi1, d 1
Department of Electrical Engineering, Polytechnic Ibrahim Sultan, Johor Bahru, Johor
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Keywords: PhpMyAdmin; XAMPP Control Panel; Laptop; GSM; Distance

Abstract. This project is based on the modification of the tracking system using ‘tracking’ to the system to obtain the
information using ‘GSM’. The objective of this project is to improve the system and to make the system user-friendly
and to can know the moment of time for items delivery at user’s home and to test the ‘System Delivery Using GSM’. The
study was conducted with the user will receiving the estimated time information on the phone screen in SMS form. The
survey space is focused on about 15 KM from the service delivery department.

Introduction
Nowadays, many Malaysians to buy and order items in the internet or in other words “Online”. So with this, delivery
services such as Gdex, Poslaju used to send an item to the customer. We see that the current system is not efficient
because the property owner has to go to the goods delivery service office because often there is no home at the time
the postman wants to deliver the items. The absence of this home is because customers do not know when the items
will arrive. So, we want to upgrade existing system to be more efficient and advanced in line with the era of circulation
towards the vision of 2020.
As we know, it’s now a technology era that can search for materials on the internet for free where we need to find a way
or method of a program or software to install on a pc or laptop such as software, examples of program programs and
install programs others. With this convenience, we are using our best to complete this “Delivery with GSM” project.
To become a developed nation, the use of high technology should be in line with the time passage. With this high
technology it can also provide a lot of goodness or convenience to today’s IT-savvy society. This research is to facilitate
users to use goods delivery services. The project begins with a comprehensive literary study. The main focus area of
system Delivery with GSM literature is to apply high technology today.

Previous Work
Where did the postal system come from? Post Malaysia began as early as the 1800s with the establishment of the first
postal service in the Straits Settlements (Penang, Melaka and Singapore) and by the beginning of the 20th century, postal
services covered all Malaya. The letters were then delivered by mail conveyor or special messenger. Compared to paid
post stamps, service charges are collected when the letters are sent to the post office. Receipts will be provided for mailed
papers. However, this system changed when Indian stamps had crown prints and stamps of the printed and printed senks
Straits in 1867. The first paid post stamps were introduced in 1901. It started as a mail delivery channel, newspaper and
business documents, services the post then grew into a double service provider. It started trading in parcel, registration,
insurance, money order (Postal and Postal Postage) and investment funds (Post Office Bank Savings). The postal service,
then known as the Postal Service Department, also began to assume various services for government agencies. It starts
with collecting electricity bills, dog license sales, pension payments, television license sales and so on.
After independence in 1957, Malaysia began its active participation in international organizations to keep pace with
social and economic development. Among others, he became a member of the Universal Postal Union (UPU) on January
17, 1958, a part of which Malaysia became a dynamic member until today. As the country moved into the 21st century,
postal service in Malaysia, better known as Pos Malaysia Berhad strives to meet the changing demands and needs
of customers’ market and behavior. Earlier in 1992, Pos Malaysia Berhad made history by making major changes in
line with business freedom. With freedom, there is also a greater challenge. Faced with competitive competition, Pos
Malaysia Berhad commenced its journey by strengthening its operations through segregation of businesses comprising
four major Strategic Business units called PosMel, PosLaju, PosNiaga and PosLogistik.

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Methodology
As we know in most freight forwarding companies using online tracking number system. This causes the user to know
the tracking number to identify the destination of the item. The system is also a burden to the user as it should use the
internet. However it is a problem for people who do not use the internet and this does not get information about the status
of the destination or time for the item to be delivered.

Fig. 1: Block Diagram

This project uses a PhpMyAdmin server by using XAMPP Control Panel to enable the server. Notepad ++ used to create
coding as well as PhpMyAdmin server is also where the data base is created and stored sender and receiver information.
Personal Computer (PC) is also used to display the recipient’s information and to connect to google map. Finally, Global
System for Mobile communication (GSM) is used to send short messages that display the estimated time the recipient
will arrive.

Flowchart

Fig. 2: Flow of System

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Conclusion
At the end of this study we find that this study is able to improve the system and make the system user-friendly.
Additionally, we also find that this system can facilitate users of goods services to be ready to take things. In fact, we find
that this system can also make it easier for users to know when things are important to their home.

Reference
[1] Mamat Muhammad Yusof, “Flood Monitoring System Using GSM,” Blogspot.com, 2012. [Online]. Available:
http://muhammadyusofmamat89.blogspot.com/?m=1.
[2] E. L. Evans, T.C., Gavrilovich, E., Mihai, R.C. and Isbasescu, I., D. Thelen, J. A. Martin, S. M. Allen, and S.
SA, “Patent Application Publication : Electronic Device Having Proxmity Touch Function And Control Method
Thereof,” 2014.

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ELIP 2018

IKS Potatoes

M. Khairi1, a, M. R. Fauzan1, b, N. Aisyah1, c, K. Rahmah1, d
1Department of Electrical Engineering, Polytechnic Ibrahim Sultan, Johor Bahru, Johor
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Keywords: Peeling Machines; Dicing Machines; Washing Machines

Abstract. The IKS machine introduced a new alternatives to peel and cut the potatoes. It was designed to overcome the
problem faced by workers during the process of making curry puff fillings. The machine operates manually by using a
separate peeling and dicing potato’s machine. The objective of this project is to provide Small and Medium Industrial
(SMI) workers to peel and dice the potatoes by using two separate machines. Commonly, they manually peel the
potatoes by using a knife. It will take a longer time to finish peeling and dicing the potatoes, if in large quantities. So, the
production rate will be limited. Normally, potatoes were cut in cubes, so it was difficult for them to have the exact size.
Besides, the maximum number of potatoes that can be peeled by IKS machine are 10 potatoes in 5 minutes. Next process,
the potatoes will be cut in dice by using a square blade. The machine was operated by electrical rotary motor, DC motor,
mechanical timer, threaded rod, relay and.

Introduction
Curry puff is a small pie consisting of curry with chicken and potatoes in a deep-fried or baked pastry shell. The curry is
quite thick to prevent it from oozing out of the snack. A common snack in Southeast Asia, the curry puff is one of several
“puff” type pastries with different fillings, though now it is by far the most common. Other common varieties include
sardines and onions or sweet fillings such as yam. The study has shown one of the sources of foods rich in antioxidants
in the human diet is potatoes. Most of the research related to Small and Medium Industries (SMI) who is operates a curry
puff fillings such as potatoes. The curry puff filling become the main thing of this machines. It is because potatoes need
to cut into dice shape. This machines consist with square blades so the worker can have an exact size of potatoes. Besides
that, it is complicated of large amount of curry puff in production. Plus, they need a lot of manpower in finishing peeling
and dicing the potatoes. Otherwise it will take a longer time. So, the production rate will be limited.
The features of peeler machines for weight is 5Kg and dice machines is. Besides, the types of component that use in the
machines is electrical rotary motor and threaded rod control by DC motor. Furthermore, speed of electrical rotary motor
is 1350 rotation per minutes (rpm) and speed of DC motor is 100 rpm. Plus, the duration during peeling is 5 minute for
10 potatoes. At dicing machines, the potatoes will be cut in dice using a square blade and it will control by threaded rod.
Plus, dice size is 12mm per square.
The concept operation of IKS potatoes machines is semi auto. The component that will be using in machine is electrical
rotary motor, threaded rod, square shape blades, mechanical timer, DC motor, power supply and relay switch. Firstly, at
peeler process the potatoes will be insert into peeler machines with maximum 10 potatoes at a time and water will fill
manually. Then, peeler machines will rotate directly or forward and reverse the electric rotary motor. Moreover, electric
rotary motor function to rotate the peeler machines when turning the mechanical timer. Furthermore, mechanical timer
has two phase turning, with is the first turning, the machine will be direct motion and the second turning, the machine
will move at the specified time and move forward and backward. It will completely peel the potatoes in 5 minutes. Then,
after finished the water will flow down the hose.
Then, potatoes will be place to dicing machines. At the dice process, it will control by threaded rod and dice the potatoes
with square shape blades. Next, DC motor will rotate the threaded rod when switch relay is ON. Threaded rod will extend
and move the potatoes forward to the blades and dice the potatoes. When, switch is OFF threaded rod stay at the position
and ON the switch again threaded rod will retract.

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Previous Work
The conventional methods preparation of curry puff filling have been done. The time taken to finish peeling and dicing is
2 hours for 1 Kg of potatoes. Firstly, it need to peel the potatoes skins. During the peeling process it take about 30 minute
to finish. Then, cut the potatoes in dice shape. It also take 30 minute to finish. After that, the potatoes has been cut into
dice need to soaked. It take about 20 until 30 minutes. Next, the curry puff is ready to making. From the preparation, it
take a long time from peeling until dicing the potatoes. Furthermore, by comparison the conventional method with IKS
Potatoes machines is the time that has been taken during the process.
Next the comparison of machines ready made in market with IKS Potatoes machines. Firstly is cost. The costing of
machines in market is expensive compared to IKS Potatoes machines is affordable especially for Small and Medium
Industrial. Next, the weight of machines. The weight of machines in market is heavy and big. The material made of
stainless steel compared to IKS Potatoes machines is portable and light. The material made of plastic. The peeler
machines by the recycle materials. From a mini washing machine that was broken and has been doing an innovation to
another useful things which is potatoes peeler machine. Plus, it easy to handle and manage.

Methodology
Figure 1 shows the flow of methodology. The project starts by performing comprehensive literature review. The main
focus areas of literature review are related to successful applications of IKS Potatoes machines. Based on the literature
review, a model of IKS Potatoes machines is developed. Next stage, the circuit of power supply is developed. Repairing
on the model will be made to further improve the result. The result is obtained it can be a case study to study the
feasibility of producing commercialize the product.
The method of PCB production of Power supply has been taken. Firstly draw circuit inside the livewire software. Make
sure the connection of the circuit is correct so, the circuit can run properly. The circuit connection or component will
damage if draw or sketch the circuit not correctly. Then convert the circuit has been draw from Livewire to PCB layout.
Preparing the transparent paper and print the circuit on the transparent paper. For UV exposure process, attach the PCB
onto frame without space for light through it. Then, distance between the light bulb and the PCB is approximately 10 cm
thus resulting an 8 min exposure time.

Fig. 1. Flow of methodology

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Prepare the developer solution, developer mixed with water in a plastic container. Use about 1-2 cm of water, just to
cover the PCB. Mix it very well together until the developer completely dissolves. After 8 minutes, remove board from
the exposure unit and peeled it away from the glass panel and place it inside the developer. Prepared earlier of Ferric
Chloride, mixed one of these bags with 0.5 l of water. Then etches the solution on the boards in 10 to 15 minutes. After
15 minutes, the etching solution on the board is almost complete, only a small area of copper remaining. Remove the
board from the Ferric Chloride solution and wash it under running water.
A continuity test is the checking on the electric circuit to see if the current is flows. A continuity test is performed by
placing a small voltage across the chosen path. Clean the photo- resist layer from the copper tracks. Next can seen the
place where the board has been clean with acetone is brighter. After a complete clean with acetone and another washing
with water. The board is now ready to be drilled and keep drill bit sharp and to obtain perfect holes the driller should
be running at high RPM. Feed the solder onto the interface between the pad and lead. Flux from the solder wire is only
active for about one second maximum after melting onto the joint as it is slowly burned off by heat. The finishing all
soldering are neat and clear.

Product Design
1) Peeler Machine - Peeling process to peel potatoes with maximum 10 potatoes in 5 minutes.

a)Front view b)Top view c) Side view
2) Dice Machine Fig. 2: Peeler machine

a)Side view b)Front view c)Top view
Fig. 3: Dice machine

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Conclusion
In conclusion, the process of peeling and dicing potatoes is ease. We using electric rotary motor for peeling and square
blades for dicing the potatoes. Indirectly, it will help the Small and Medium Industrial to save time of peeling and
dicing of potatoes. The maximum number of potatoes that can be peeled by IKS machine are 10 potatoes in 5 minutes.
Moreover, it will ensure

the potatoes will cut in dice shape by using the square blades so the worker can have a exact size of potatoes.

Reference
[1] I. Ibrahim, “Design of A Curry Puff Making Machine,” 2010.
[2] B. Paton, Fundamentals of Digital Electronics. 1998.
[3] “Earliest Logic Gates Were Made,” [Online], 2014. [Online]. Available: http://www.scribd.com/
doc/24926600/HISTORY-the-Earliest-Logic-Gates-Were-Made.

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Easy Compost Bin (ECB)

M. Aidil1, a, M. Syafiq1, b, M. Dinie1, c, J. Norazlina1, d1
Department of Electrical Engineering, Polytechnic Ibrahim Sultan, Johor Bahru Johor
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Keywords :

Abstract. Easy Compost Bin Project is the project which is purpose for society to make the compost without used
more energy to do. This idea come when see the wasted food which is increase every day and it is hard to dispose it. In
addition, society nowadays they don’t know the process to make the compost. They also don’t know from wasted food
can make the compost. With this project, it can help the society to know and do the compost in at home.

Introduction
In Malaysia, the total of wasted food is 15 000 metric ton in a day from each house. All the data is from the Solid Waste
Corporation Management (SWCorp). The Chairman of SWCorp said each house spent average RM900 in a month for
food. In this case, the Malaysia Netizen are so many food that are wasted with throw the wasted food in 16 680 ton in a
day. In general, the compost activity it can be said new to society. It can be seen that not of all are do the compost activity
less knowledge about the compost. They do not know the wasted food can do the compost. The compost also can used in
agriculture activity at home or garden. The compost are so good to use because it does not have the chemical ingredient
which is not good in healthy.
In this content for produced something that can be useful from the demand of user in nowadays. The Easy Compost
Bin is equipped with grinder system to grind the wasted food to make it small. After that, it also have timer system to
record the period of compost. Lastly, this product have the space for catalyst or known as Bio-Catalyst. Bio-Catalyst is
not produce from chemical but, it also have bacteria that can help the compost process. It also can help to reduce the air
pollution that come from the wasted food.

Previous work
Garbage is considered dirty and disgusting to some people. But, it the different opinion to other some people. Why they
think like that? Of course the opinion can’t be denied if with have the evidence. Garbage which is the wasted food can
be produce to the organic product and compost. Actually the garbage can be utilize if we separate between the organic
garbage and non-organic garbage. The organic garbage which is can be dispose and not smell. While the garbage non-
organic cannot be dispose such as plastic material, iron and paper.
According to web www.bonushijau.com.my , compost divided into two types which is Aerobic compost and anaerobic
compost. Aerobic compost take a few months to composting and change it to compost. It also contain smell like decay
material and it exposed to pests because the process composting is located in open area. While Anaerobic Compost is the
process that not need oxygen to composting the organic substance. The period of Process Anaerobic Compost is taken in
7 days to composting all new organic substances is Bio- Catalyst. Anaerobic compost also save from pests and don’t have
smell because the process happen in the close container.
In our project, we use the Anaerobic Compost which is it use new organic substance to composting process in the
container. The new substance is the Bio-Catalyst. Bio-Catalyst can help to short the period of the composting process.
It also increase the productivity the period of composting from wasted food to the compost. This process have done by
the people long time ago. But, we upgraded it to the automatic Anaerobic Process which is have the grinder machine,
automatic feeder, and the timer circuit. The grinder machine for grind the wasted food into small size. The automatic
feeder is for sprinkle the Bio-Catalyst powder and the timer circuit for tell that if reach the 7 days, the buzzer wile ring.

Methodology
As we know that the compost process is make from the wasted food. Wasted food is come from each house. The wasted
food must in dry condition to do the composting and the wet wasted food can’t be use for compost. As we know the
composting process take time until 2 weeks, but in our composting is take only 7 days.
This paper presents a new project which is make the compost process in automatic way without use more energy. Before
this to do the compost only in manual way which is put the wasted food and catalyst into the container and wait it until
it finish. But in our project can increase the quantity of compost and take short time. Firstly, put the wasted food into the
input which is the grinder machine. The machine will grind the wasted food into small size. Then, the automatic feeder
will spin and the catalyst will sprinkle into the compost container. Before that, set the timer into 3 days which is wasted
food can put into the Easy Compost Bin. After 3 days, set the timer into 7 days which is the compost is already to use and
the buzzer will ring.

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Figure 1: Flow of methodology

Figure 1 shows the flow of methodology. The first stage is choosing the title of project. After that, we send the proposal
to the supervisor but not accepted and we did it again until it will accepted. Then, we start the project and make the
circuit and estimated the cost of project. We find the information of project with do the questionnaire to the student and
lecturer of JKE student of Polytechnic Ibrahim Sultan. We also do the interview with the SWCorp Company to get the
information. Then we sketch the project and make the casing of project. Lastly, we test the circuit. The Easy Compost
Bin is the way to do the automatic compost without using more energy. It also can make more people easy to do the
compost. It also have the Bio-Catalyst to make the composting process.

Product Design
The Complete flow of portable fan as follows first the Power Supply which is have AC and DC. AC for the circuit and
DC for the grinder machine. After that the power supply will go to the grinder machine and the circuit. Then, the digital
RI sensor will be ON and the feeder motor will be activated. The LCD display will show the days of compost process.
While the timer circuit for recorded the time until it reach 7 days. The buzzer and LED will ON when the timer reach
until 7 days.

Figure 2: Complete flow of Easy Compost Bin

Figure 3: Sketch the holder of container

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Figure 4: Final sketch the model.

Result of Product

Figure 5: The result of compost after 7 day and product design for (ECB)

Conclusion
We propose the Easy Compost Bin which is the automatic compost process using combination of grinder machine and
the automatic feeder. The grinder machine which is for grind the wasted food into the smaller size. While the automatic
feeder for sprinkle the Bio- Catalyst with automatic. This project use the less energy to people to do the compost. It also
easy to use and to do the compost.

Reference
[1] “Sink-Guard Food Waste Disposer,” PT ADDON CADIAC ALFA, 2012. [Online]. Available: https://
www.sinkgard.com/.
[2] “Tapak pelupusan sampah di malaysia, tenat,” The Borneo Post, 2011. [Online]. Available:
www.theborneopost.com/.../114-tapak-pelupusan-sampah-di-malaysia-tenat/.

131

ELIP 2018

Home Safety Using GSM and Bluetooth

S. M. Fairuz1, a, Z. F. Nabila1, b, A. N. Hani1, c, P. Shasithran1, d, M. H. N. Hafizah1, e 1
Department of Electrical Engineering, Politeknik Ibrahim Sultan, Johor

[email protected], [email protected] [email protected], [email protected]
[email protected]

Keywords: Home safety; GSM; Bluetooth; Security system

Abstract. This report presents the design and application of a home security monitoring system comprising a
combination of sensor, Bluetooth and Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). The project is to design
a smart home security system that allows the system to function when homeowners are not at home. This project
uses GSM wireless technology. The system uses micro controller and GSM network that interconnect with computer
language. The software used is Arduino Software, Integrated Development Environment. Sensors used in this system are
PIR sensors and Door Magnetic sensors. In addition, Bluetooth is also used to establish connections between the phone
and the circuit. First, users need to install applications that have been downloaded in Google Drive. After installing the
application, the user begins to connect the application that has been installed via the phone with Bluetooth. Using this
app, users need to enter both the password and the second phone number into the application. It needs to be fixed into the
user’s phone. After setting the password and phone number, the user can activate sensors using the phone. Sensor sensor
sensor door is placed at the door. It works when the door is open when the magnet is pulled away from the magnetic
door sensor placed on the door. The data will be sent to GSM and within seconds GSM will make calls to users. After the
call, the buzzer will sound and the LED will light up when the magnetic door sensor is far apart. In addition, the second
sensor is PIR sensor, which works to detect objects. This system has been successfully designed where it works to detect
the intrusion either through a pinyu or a window. Three analyzes have been conducted based on the range of detection
and coverage of GSM technology. As a result, the GSM-based security system has been successfully designed and
functioning.

Introduction
“Home Safety Using GSM and Bluetooth” is a system designed using sensors and magnetic locks to protect residential
security. This sensor detects if there is a movement or someone tries to open your door. This data will be sent to mobile
using a pre-installed application in the phone and the user can enable and enable sensors using the app. After this sensor
detects something, the user’s phone gets a call from Arduino. After the call, the buzzer will sound and the LED will light
up. With this system, we will realize how important our home security is.

Previous Works
In today’s technological advances, many products and goods are produced to help facilitate community activities and
facilitate the task. One is the product that carries the sale of goods automatically. The obvious example is the “Smart
Home Security System” which is a tool that uses a communication system to control all the equipment connected to the
installed system. The “Smart Home Security System” was created in 2015 by Panasonic Sdn Bhd. The development of
the Smart Home Security System is evolving over time. “Smart Home Security System” works very easily, with all Smart
Home devices communicating with each other using Ultra Low Energy (ULE) wireless standards that cannot be seen by
the product consumer electronics. Based on the product described as “Smart Home Security System”. The same system
can also be used to produce a product that can help keep home security while reducing the massive criminal case. This
“Alert System” product uses the same concept as “Smart Home Security System” where it uses additional motion sensor
and magnetic lock in this product.

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Product Design

Figure 1: Block Diagram circuit movement
Figure 2: (a) Top view (b) Side view (c) Front view (d) Isometric view

Figure 3 Final Projects

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Final Projects Design

Conclusion
In conclusion, this project focuses on less developed housing areas in terms of safety. This is because of the lack of
security in the housing area. Therefore, every homeowner should care about their home security. Therefore, out of this
problem, we decided to create this project.

Reference
[1] Mamat Muhammad Yusof, “Flood Monitoring System Using GSM,” Blogspot.com, 2012. [Online].
Available: http://muhammadyusofmamat89.blogspot.com/?m=1.
[2] M. Mcroberts, Beginning Arduino. Apress, 2010.

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ELIP 2018

Smart Mice Control

Z. N. Ainniesafina1, a, H. Dahlan1, b, A. F. Rosli1, c
1Department of Electrical Engineering, Politeknik Ibrahim Sultan, Johor Bahru, Johor

[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Keywords: Solar panel; Reuse energy; Battery; Sensor; Arduino; Pest repelled

Abstract. This project presents the improved electronic pest repelled with automatic frequency variation. The project is
aimed at developing a device that is capable of emitting ultrasonic energy of varied frequencies. These frequencies do
affect the auditory senses of pests such as rodents, avian and nocturnal insects by making them uncomfortable in their
abode. However these frequencies do not affect the hearing ability of man. The unit will be tested with three groups of
white foot mice (Peromyscus leucopus) and a female house mouse muscular which all the respond will be recorded from
a distance of up to fifteen (15) meters from the source. The device can be utilized by both small and large scale farmers
for the purpose of repelling pests. The performance of the device could be greatly improved with little modifications, for
instance, using microcontrollers and ultrasonic sensors to transmit the ultrasonic sound in a special band of frequency.

Introduction
Agriculture sector is very importance to produce human needs and as an income but every crop is an enemy especially
pest. Pest like mice is the main enemies of the plant. Pest will damage the plant and can cause losses to farmers.
Previously the farmers use the poison and traps to reduce damage to crop but that will involve high costs. The use
of poison and traps is also very dangerous because not safe for other animals and also dangerous for human and
environment. So, the Smart Mice Control is designed to disperse pest using high ultrasonic frequency. High ultrasonic
frequency is produce to repel the mice in range of 30 – 50 kHz pests are repelled by ultrasonic frequency in the range
of 30 - 50 kHz. The noise is too high-pitched to be heard by humans or pets like cats or dog but the noise may disturb
hamsters too. At first, all pests are going to get rid of. Unfortunately, all pests do not react at the same ultrasonic
frequency. While some pests get repelled at 35 kHz, some others get repelled at 38 to 40 kHz. Thus to increase the
effectiveness, frequency of ultrasonic oscillator has to be continuously varied between certain limits.
This Smart Mice Control is small electronic devices that plug into an electrical outlet. These devices either plug into
electrical outlets or use batteries to produce the high-frequency sound waves that these devices claim to work as a pest
repellent. This project is kinder than traps, safer than poisons, and completely inaudible to people and non-rodent pets.
This electronic animal sound frequency solution is ideal where it consumes green living and avoids pollution. Unlike
traps and poisons, electronic solution will not harm the animals or the environment yet very efficient to use at home.

Previous Work
Usually pest repelled is used manually by installing on socket plug. However, we improved electronic pest repelled with
automatic frequency variation. The project is aimed at developing a device that is capable of emitting ultrasonic energy
of varied frequencies. It is known that this Smart Mice Control is to repel the mice away from our areas. High ultrasonic
frequency is produce to repel the mice in range of 30 to 50 kHz, pest are repelled by ultrasonic frequency in the range 30
to 50 kHz. Pest like a mice can be heard frequency 2 to 50 kHz and the noise can be disturb the mice. We know the mice
do not like noise [1]. The noise is to high-pitched to be heard by human or pets like cats or dogs but the noise may disturb
hamster too. We know human can be heard 20 to 20 kHz [2]. The use of pesticides is very dangerous and can cause harm
to other animals and damage the environment. Examples, with usage pesticides like a Petrokum Brodifakum will cause
not only the mice that will be affected but the livestock will also be affected if consuming it [3]. Usually pests like mice
will be disturbed by noise, it is a best way to substitute usage of poisons and traps because the use this product is more
environmentally friendly and harmless. The products are can reduce the cost of poison usage, can produce a healthy
plants without poison usage and can improve the safety of environment without use of poison [4].

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Methodology

Figure 1: Flow of methodology.
Agriculture sector is very importance to produce human needs and as an income but every crop is an enemy especially
pest. Pest like mice are the main enemies of the plant. Pest will damage the plant and can cause losses to farmers.
Previously the farmers use the poison and traps to reduce damage to crop but that will involve high costs.
The use of poison and traps is also very dangerous because not safe for other animals and also dangerous for human and
environment. So, the Smart Mice Control is designed to disperse pest using high ultrasonic frequency. The pest especially
mice are repelled by ultrasonic frequency in the range 30 to 50 kHz. Figure 1 shows the flow of methodology.

Figure 2: Block diagram.

Figure 3: Circuit diagram.

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By using this module, frequency of emission of ultrasonic sound is continuously varied step by step automatically. Five
stages of variation were used. First stage is PIR sensor as input. Then we use Arduino as processor. We use Arduino Uno
type for this project. After that, power inverter is use to convert current from DC to AC. We use solar panel for power
supply. Relay we use as switch for the output. First stage is PIR sensors, PIR sensors allow you to sense motion, almost
always used to detect whether a human has moved in or out of the sensors range. In this situation we use it to detect a rat.
Next stage is Arduino. Arduino is use as microcontroller. It controls all the activity of the project. We have to install the
coding that we made to run it.

Third stage is power inverter. In this stage we use power inverter to convert current DC to AC from solar. This inverter is
connected to rat repelled, it is power supply for the rat repelled. This smart mice control also can be used at night. We use
battery 12v as power supply at night. It will charged during the day. Next stage is we use relay. A relay is an electrically
operated switch. This relay is connected with Arduino. Arduino will control the relay based on PIR sensor. If there is
movement on the sensor, the relay will be on. Last stage is rat repelled. This repelled use ultrasound to interrupt the rat.
Ultrasound is a frequency of sound too high to be heard by humans but it will disturb rodents. This rat repelled is safer
than poison or another rat trap.

Design Review

Figure 4: Circuit design of Smart Mice Control.

Project Design

Figure 6: Sketch of Smart Mice Control.

Conclusion
We recommend smart mice control, where the re-energy approach utilizes solar energy to generate electricity. The output
voltage is used to charge the battery through the power electronics controller. Indirectly, it will help farmer farmers save
energy and money. Additionally, by using smart mice control, it helps in saving costs, helping the environment from
being contaminated and reducing the use of pesticides and traps that will kill other animals.

Reference
[1] M. Grover, B. Lohith Kumar, and I. Ramalla, “The Free Energy Generator,” Int. J. Sci. Res. Publ., vol. 4, no.
12, pp. 1–4, 2014.
[2] M. W. Degefa and S. T. Teferi, “Energy recovery from exhaust air of textile industry,” Int. J. Renew. Sustain.
Energy, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 82–86, 2014.
[3] S. Gadkari, K. Kolte, M. Jasani, A. Vichare, and S. Beatrice, “Generation of Electricity from Fans,” Int. J.
Comput. Sci. Inf. Technol., vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 3294–3297, 2014.
[4] W. Mahesh, T. Sachin, G. Vishal, and M. Pawar, “Study of Electricity Generated By Ceiling Fan & Car
Wheel,” Int. J. Sci. Technol. Manag., vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 764–769, 2016.

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ELIP 2018

Alcohol Sensor with Engine Locking

S. M. Hidayat1, a, Z. M. N. Azmi1, b, A. H. Arfah1, c
1Department of Electrical Engineering, Politeknik Ibrahim Sultan, Johor Bahru, Johor

[email protected]

Keywords: Alcohol sensor, PIC18f458, Motor, LCD

Abstract. Nowadays, it has been accepted fact that major part of the accidents are due to the uneven interruption,
inappropriate driving by the drivers. It is very undesirable situation which is true. So, a system has been proposed to
automatically lock the vehicle’s engine with the use of PIC18F458, if any alcoholic person tries to drive the car. Also, the
potential if the device will depend on the availability of the functional components as well as the capacity of motor used.
This could be implemented by comparing various factors along with the consumption of energy source. This project also
designed by keeping in mind the accidental death caused on the road because of the consumption of alcohol by the driver.
The whole system can be employed in any steering wheel equipment motor vehicles. The system which made as compact
possible, senses the alcohol molecules presents in the specific range and if found, it will fail the attempt of the driver to
start the engine. Pushing the envelope and considering the actuality of the situation where the driver may not be able to
drive.

Introduction
We usually come across drink and driving cases where drunk drivers crash their cars under the influence of alcohol
causing damage to property and life. So here we propose an innovative system to eliminate such cases. Our proposed
system would be constantly monitoring the driver breath by placing it on the driver wheel or somewhere the driver’s
breath can be constantly monitored by it. So if a driver is drunk and tries to drive the system detects alcohol presence in
driver’s breath and locks the engine so that the vehicle fails to start. In another case if the driver is not drunk while he
starts the vehicle and engine is started but if the driver drinks while driving the sensor still detects alcohol in his breath
and stops the engine so that the car would not accelerate any further and driver can steer it to roadside. As the news said
from The Sun Online, A drunk driver died after he came barreling down the New Klang Valley Expressway, grazing
another car before crashing into a road divider. No one else was injured in the 1am incident yesterday, said Shah Alam
OCPD Asst Comm Azisman Alias, who added that the 30-year-old driver died at the scene along KM9.1 of the highway.

Previous Work
The project [1] use the alcohol sensor to provide analog output. This analog output is now providing to the
microcontroller for further processing. Based on the input, the microcontroller calculates the percentage of alcohol and
displays the same on an LCD display. It also sounds an alarm if the amount of alcohol exceeds a particular amount. Thus,
it measure amount of alcohol and then display percentage of alcohol. This project is improvised by adding the engine
locking. When the alcohol is measured above the limits, the engine automatically stops working. The reset button was
added for more users friendly. When the user pushes the reset button, the engine can be start again. But if the sensor
senses the alcohol, the engine automatically stops again from working. The project [2] use the AT89S52 microcontroller.
The input for the Microcontroller is identified by the alcohol detector sensor through the breath of a human.
The levels of alcohol measured by the sensor and compared with the set-in limits. If the set limit of consumption of
alcohol is less than the alcohol consumed by the person, the system of activating relay is initiated which is activates the
automatic lock on the vehicle, i.e. stops the motor rotation if it is in running state or it is unable to start. The system will
lock the engine and at the same time it will automatically give a buzzer sound. From this, the accidents can be avoided
by the buzzer on driver’s car. Software program for the system developed in C++. For our project, we changed the
microcontroller. The microcontroller was changed into PIC18F458 microcontroller because it is easier to understanding
and to make this project. The buzzer and the sensor also connect to the microcontroller.

Methodology
To get the alcohol content reading, the users’ simply have to inhale and exhale like usual. From here, the machine utilizes
the vapors in users’ breath to calculate an estimation of the level of alcohol in a person’s system. This simple approach is
due to the fact that alcohol is not digested by the body and is merely absorbed through different parts. As a result, traces
of the material can still be identified minutes after drinking, making it possible for the sensor to calculate an accurate
number

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Figure 1: Flow of methodology

Firstly, Port A initialize as input because Port A is connected to alcohol sensor. While Port B is initialized as output. Then,
when the sensor sense alcohol is over the limit, the warning will appeared to the LCD Display. The engine will receive
the input and automatically the engine will turn off. But, the drivers can push the reset button to restart the engine. If the
sensor sense the alcohol, the engine will automatically off again. Then, if the sensor not sense the alcohol, the input will
also appeared to the LCD Display. Then, the engine will turn on as usual.

Figure 3: Circuit diagram.

Project Design

Figure 4: Model of project

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Conclusion
In this project, a real time model that can automatically lock the engine when a drunken drivers tries to drive a car is
developed. Nowadays, car accidents are mostly seen. By fitting this alcohol sensor into the car, the life of the drivers can
be save and also the remaining passengers. This project is very simple application. However the life time of the project is
high. It has low or zero maintenance cost and low power consumption.
This project is developed design to efficiently check drunken driver. By implementing this design a safe car journey is
possible decreasing the accident rate due to drinking. By implementing this design, drunken drivers can be controlled
so are the accidents due to drunken driving. Government must enforce laws to install such circuit in every car and must
regulate all car companies to preinstall such mechanism while manufacturing the car itself. If this project is achieved the
deaths due to drunken drivers can be brought to minimum level.

Reference
[1] “Drunk driver killed in accident,” The Star, 2015. [Online]. Available: https://www.thestar.com.my/news/
nation/2015/02/04/drunk-driver-killed-in-accident/.
[2] T. Agarwal, “Automatic Engine Locking System Through Alcohol Detection For Drunken Drivers,” Edgefx
Technologies Pvt Ltd., 2016. [Online]. Available: https://www.edgefx.in/automatic-engine-locking-system-through-
alcohol-detection-for-drunken-drivers/.

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ELIP 2018

Solar Pet Feeder

Z. N. Ainniesafina1, a, M. A. Ariff1, b, A. R. Aidah1, c1
Department of Electrical Engineering, Politeknik Ibrahim Sultan, Johor Bahru, Johor

[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Keyword: Solar panel; Arduino mega 2560; Servo motor; LCD module display; Lead acid battery; Controller
voltage; Keypad; Real time clock

Abstract. This product is designed and constructed to create a modern technologically and innovative product to
facilitate the pet owners to feed their pets more easily and wisely. Besides, this product is also designed to make
research on how to feed the pets correctly at the right time and the quantity of meals for each dish given. Moreover, the
construction of Solar Pet Feeder is can controlling the amount of pet meals automatically without any supervision of the
owner. Research for this product is made by doing some previous study to develop a Solar Pet Feeder and finding the
causes source of the problem that has been faced by the pet owners. In this case, the uses of solar energy and Arduino
Mega are the main components in moving a Solar Pet Feeder. The uses of solar energy in this product is the main power
source for activating the movement of the Arduino so then the other components that connected to the Arduino can work
and function.

Introduction
Pets are domestic animals or be domesticated animals for friends, shelters as well as entertainment and people are usually
preserve the animals at home such as cats, dogs, rabbits, hamsters and so on. Having a pet means that the owners of
pets should be responsible for the welfare of the pet. The pet owners’ should be responsible for ensuring the animals is
in healthy, visible clean and cheerful. In this modern and high-tech era, most pet owners’ are using the technology in
animals guarding.
Technology can be defined as knowledge that devoted for creating tools, processing actions and extraction of objects,
besides it used to solve various problems in human life. Technology can be classified as a product, process or
organization. In addition, it is applied almost in everything that humans do in their lives. For example, technology can
be used both at work and home to facilitate human’s life. The combination of solar panel and Arduino Mega (2560) can
produce a single product which is Solar Pet Feeder. This product is sought to help and ease the burden the owner of the
pet to feed their animals. It is because taking care of pets is the owner’s responsibility and it takes time in managing the
nutrition of pets. This product is be also able to gives the facilities to the owners by helping the owner gives food easily
and wisely. In addition, the product of Solar Pet Feeder also can helps the owner of the pet to always use the electrical
power in thrifty manners and familiarize themselves with the uses of natural resources and not wasting the electrical
power in daily use. This product gets energy from the solar, where the solar panel will absorbing the source from the sun
to produce the electrical energy. Besides, among other components that will make this product function and be able to
work is Servo Motor. The servo is used to drop down the food at a predetermined time, where it will be controlled by an
Arduino Mega.

Previous Work
The product of Solar Pet Feeder has the features that can helps and solve the problem of pet keepers’ in feeding their
pets compared to the previous products that have been in the market. Although the previous product, for example the
Durable Lovely Plastic Pet Feeder product looks easy to use and simple design, but still can’t fulfill the user’s features
and desires. Furthermore, the Solar Pet Feeder product uses solar energy, it is characterized by eco-green technology and
saving the energy consumption. Besides, this product is also able to accommodate the storage of food without need to be
refilled repeatedly because of its large capacity for 5kg and the pet’s food last longer compared to the other product. Solar
Pet Feeder also can control the way of an animal nutrition because the serving time for the pet meals can be changed or
set by the owner himself.
Among the advantages of this product compared to other products on the market, it is be able to move automatically
without supervision from the owner. It because, the owner of the pet doesn’t have to work hard on safe-guarding their
pet’s meal because the Solar Pet Feeder will serve the food to the animal at the right time and the supposed meal their pet
takes in a day. Furthermore, this product is also an environmentally friendly and affordable product, plus it is very easy
and safely used for all groups. As a conclusion, the Solar Pet Feeder is designed specifically to solve the problems most
often faced by animal keepers’ where they have to feed their pets when they are busy and far away from home for a long
period. The studies of this product have done by make some research on the pet’s nutrition.

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Methodology
The methodology part will include an explanation of the details of the methodology used to make this project a complete
and functioning properly. Many method or findings from this field mainly generated in journals for other to take
advantage and improve for future research. The method used to archive the objectives of the project that will achieve a
perfect result.
There are several types of circuits to be combined and included together to create this project. The circuit is the keyboard,
LCD display, servo, solar panel, controller voltage and Arduino Mega. The complete flow of Solar Pet Feeder as
follows, the supply of solar panels through the controller voltage is used to limit the over voltage and display if there
are problems and current flows for the batery to charge. Then stream current to arduino mega. The keyboard is a set of
buttons arranged in blocks or “pads” that bear numbers, symbols or alphabetical characters. from the keypad, time will be
displayed on the LCD. After the set time, the servo will move according to the set timer.

Figure 1: Flow Chart of Data Analysis
Product Design
There are a few type of circuit that will be combined and included together to create this project. The circuits are Solar
Panel, Battery 12V, Controller Divider, Arduino Mega (2560), Keypad, LCD Display and Servo. The Complete flow of
portable fan as follows; first, the supply of solar panel through the controller voltage is used to limit the over-voltage and
display if there are problems and current flow for the battery charging. Then, the current form the controller divider will
flow to activate the Arduino Mega. Keypad which is act as an input for Arduino is used to insert time of the pet’s meals.
From the keypad, time will displayed on the LCD that has been set by the owner of the pet. Finally, the servo itself will
make a movement according to the set timer.

Figure 2: Complete flow chart of Solar Pet Feeder

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Product design is intended to give a full picture in the form of 3 dimension to show a true picture of the product.

Figure 3: Design of Solar Pet feeder

Conclusion
We propose a Solar Pet Feeder, in which the approach of reuse energy we using a solar panel to generate an electricity.
The output voltage from solar panel is used for charging the battery through controller divider. Besides, it will helps
the pet owners to feed their pet more easily and smartly yet saving time and facilities of pet owner’s work. Besides, can
control the amount of pet’s food where it can give a right quantity at the correct times by using the automatically manner.
Indirectly, it will be help middle class people to save energy and money. Besides, Moreover, with reuse the energy from
waste, it would help in saves the resources and would help the environment from being polluted.

References
[1] K.Vignesh, P. Sakthi, A. Pugazhenthi, V. Karthikeyan, and C. Vinothkumar, “Free Energy Bicycle 1,” Int. J.
Innov. Sci. Eng. Technol., vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 714–721, 2015.
[2] S. Gadkari, K. Kolte, M. Jasani, A. Vichare, and S. Beatrice, “Generation of Electricity from Fans,” Int. J.
Comput. Sci. Inf. Technol., vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 3294–3297, 2014.

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ELIP 2018

Postbox Detector (PD)

A. Adibah1, a, A. S. Rosli1, b, A. M. Syazwan1, c1
Department of Electrical Engineering, Politeknik Ibrahim Sultan, Johor Bahru, Johor
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Keywords: Postbox detector; Sensor; GSM module.

Abstract. This system presents a low cost, less time consuming, safe and effective implementation of Postbox Detector
through the wireless sensor networks which makes the use obstacle sensor. A special device, called GSM Module is
realized and design for this purpose. Obstacle sensors has IR transmitter and IR receiver.IR transmitter transmit the rays.
When the rays fall on to the object then it gets reflected to IR receiver, it results that the object is detected. In existing
system user is notified by sending a text message through a SIM card from the GSM Module. The paper illustrates the
description of this device, the android devices which receives the notification .This system reduces the human efforts. The
final aim is to minimize the human efforts, reduce cost as well as power failure.

Introduction
Nowadays, there are many people that need facility in their daily life. For this era globalization there are many new
technology that can help people to do something that can improve their daily life. When people go back from work with
tired condition especially who live in flat, they just only need to be rest. So they become difficult to check their letter in
postbox at ground every day. This situation can make people need a new Postbox Detector that functionally to detect their
letter that has been sent immediately and get SMS from their devices. So this can make people easy to know when their
letter sent into the postbox. So this initiative for them to save energy to not check their letter in postbox frequently.
Next, normal postbox are only used to store letter that postman sent. So, if people not check their letter every day, maybe
they cannot know the important letter that has been sent to their postbox. So, this is inconvenience for them. This Postbox
Detector is needed people in Malaysia especially who live in flat house. This product can help them to facilitate their
daily life and a little bit can improve facility of flat house.

Previous Work
Postbox Detector is the new and the latest technology that have been involved from recent times. The use of letter box are
largely find in government post box, courier system, and home letter box system in societies. Such letter box are used to
post the letter. In this Postbox Detector system it involves five parties: the admin who has the highest authority. The area
manager, pick-upper, operator and user. The area manager is given different areas. Pick-upper and operator are under area
manager. Pick-upper is supposed to pick up the letters from the letter box and operator installs the letter box on the GSM
Module. Obstacle sensors has IR transmitter and IR receiver. IR transmitter transmit the rays. When the rays fall on to the
object then it gets reflected to IR receiver, it results that the object is detected. Then the notification is send to user using
cellular network. The smart phone is used to receive the notification from the GSM.

Methodology
Postbox Detector is actually an indication system, it shows indications whenever there arrives letter in the letter box.
It works using on the concept of Obstacle detection. In this arrangement IR Transmitter and IR Receiver are placed
near to each other, whenever any obstacle (i.e. Letter) comes in front of the obstacle sensor the rays gets reflected and
thus we get the output as HIGH, thus the letter have been detected in the postbox. Thus the letter have been detected in
the postbox. In the days of technology postman still comes to our flat house to deliver the letters, courier and parcels.
Because the things courier and parcels cannot be sent via email and by any other electronic media. So to get notification
of letter delivery in our mail box here we design a Postbox Detector that provides notification of delivery of letters in our
mail box through the message to our smart phone our GSM mobiles. This system uses IR pair that is used to sense the
incoming letter in the letter box and a GSM module is used to send message to our phone. LED is configured to indicate
that letter box is empty or not. When any person insert letter in the letter box, IR sensor sense the obstacle that is letter
and then Arduino send the command to GSM module to send notification message to the certain phone number. Than we
can collect the letter if possible otherwise after some time. When we collect letters we have to press the reset button that
clears the entries of letters.

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Figure 1: Flow of methodology

Product Design
In the system we implemented a Postbox Detector, in which obstacle sensor (IR sensor) is used to detect the object
(letter). Otherwise, we also use Led to notify user that had a letter or not in their postbox. GSM Module is used to notify
user that letter is arrived. The user mobile is used to receive the notification. GSM module is used to send the notification
through message.

Figure 2: Block diagram

Figure 3: Sketching of product

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Figure 4: Outside view and inside view

Conclusion
Nowadays, the technology and science is in progress day by day new technologies are invented and new things are
created by human. In this system we have studied a Postbox Detector that notify the letter is received in the postbox.
In our daily life it is not possible for us to check the letter box we proposed this system that the system notifies the user
by sending message that letter is arrived. In this paper we conclude that science is non stoppable, new things arrive and
growth of smart system.

References
[1] B. Buttarazzi, G. Troiani, W. Liguori, and M. Basili, “Smart Sensor Box: A Real Implementation of Devices
Network for Structural Health Monitoring,” in IEEE 11th International Conference on Signal-Image Technology &
Internet-Based Systems (SITIS), 2015, pp. 816–823.
[2] S. Mufti and ; Muhammad Naveed Alam, “Real-time obstacle avoidance and Path planning of a self-
navigated autonomous biped robot using RugBat sonar sensors and modular digital image processing,” in IEEE
International Conference of Robotics and Artificial Intelligence, 2012, pp. 75–80.

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ELIP 2018

Flood Detection System

A. M. Zulhairie1, a, R. M. D. Afif1, b, A. H. Arfah1, c1
Department of Electrical Engineering, Politeknik Ibrahim Sultan, Johor Bahru, Johor

[email protected]

Keywords: Arduino; GSM; 3 flood sensor; Relay; Buzzer

Abstract. This system mainly builds using Arduino Uno. 3 water level sensors is used to detect the flood level. The flood
sensor is attached to the wall also with the water level sensor. But the water level sensor is attached with specific range
from the floor. For Sensor 1, its detect flood at 8cm height, Sensor 2 at 10cm height and Sensor 3 at 12cm height from the
floor. Lastly, this system also consist GSM to send warning message to the owner house if they absent from home.

Introduction
Flood is a natural phenomenon where many events occur in our country. Due to flood, many lives and equipment are
damaged. With this problem, we have created a Flood Detection System. This device is built to detect flood in home in
case owner house is absent. We design a code program using Programming Language C. This tool has 3 level when the
sensor detect flood for the first and second level, the led will light up and send message using GSM modem. For the third
level, the led will light up, buzzer will ring and send a message danger to the phone. At the third level also the relay will
work to cut the electricity which has been generate from plug switch to prevent the risk of short circuit.

Previous Work
During the raining season, commonly flood phenomenon with occur because of the non-stop heavy rain. Despite of this
phenomenon, Flood Detection System has been invented. The first idea is inspired from [1]. The system they used is
microcontroller as the main device that operates the project. This project used Arduino Uno instead of microcontroller
because Arduino is not to complex compare to the microcontroller. For the second idea, we inspired from [2]. The author
makes a project of flood monitoring system. The author used battery as their power supply. They also used Arduino
Atmega 328P and float switch. The different between these projects is we using Arduino Uno and copper water sensor
which is lower cost.

Methodology
The project design includes hardware and software system. The detail of the workflow of the project will be discussed
with device program. This project is flood detection system with SMS and relay function.

Figure 1: Flow of methodology

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Firstly, we initial water sensor A0, A1 and A3. Next, GSM pin 1 and pin 0 and also buzzer. After that, we declare water
sensor as input, GSM as output and buzzer as output. When sensor detects the flood, level 1 will send SMS and buzzer
off. For level 2, sensor detect flood and then send SMS using GSM, buzzer off. Lastly, level 3 will send SMS, buzzer
will on and relay on to cut the electricity.

Figure 2: Circuit Diagram

Project Design

Figure 3: Picture Project

Conclusion
In the end of this project, the development of our Flood Detection System is finish designed with Arduino and GSM.
Then, the circuit of the project has to build by using the Proteus. Next, the connection similar to the circuit that we is
construct which the water sensor is replaced with pushbutton and GSM replaced with LED. The coding at the project
is done and a demo circuit that similar to the concept of original Flood Detection System project is developed when the
pushbutton (in replace of water sensor) is push, LED will lights up (replace for GSM) to warn about the water is rising
and for the level 3, LED will lights on and buzzer will turn on the electricity from the power source will be cut-off after
the warning message have been sent. For the future work, the pushbutton and LED will change to the real component
which is GSM and Water Sensor. The program and code it into the Arduino will be written about the sending warning
message to the receiver. Then, by doing this project the flood can be detect through this devices and the early actions can
be taken to prevent severe causalities occurs to flood phenomenon.

References
[1] C. C. Chan, “The State of the Art of Electric, Hybrid, and Fuel Cell Vehicles,” Fellow IEEE, vol. 95, no. 4, pp.
704–718, 2007.
[2] M. Mcroberts, Beginning Arduino. Apress, 2010.

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Smart Bag

N. H. Shahadan1, a, S. A. Noel1, b, N. S. Ann1, c1
Department of Electrical and Electronic, Politeknik Ibrahim Sultan, Johor Bahru, Johor

[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Keywords: Force Sensor; Renewable Energy; Posture; Weight;

Abstract: Smart Bag is an intelligent system used for notification of children backbone’s health especially their
backbone health. This smart system alerts about the incorrect postures of the body and helps to balance the weight over
both shoulders. Besides that, this system also eco-friendly user as the power supplies for this system is from renewable
energy. A force sensing resistor (FSR 402) is used to allow the detection of physical pressure at both shoulders and
lumbar vertebrate. The device exhibit a decrease in resistance with increase in force applied to the surface of the sensor.
The imbalance weight over both shoulders will activate the buzzer and notifies the user to balance the weight. Besides
that, the solar charger circuit is used for backup power as renewable energy. The solar panel will generate electricity
from sunlight.

Introduction
Growing numbers of children are developing irreversible back deformities because of the weight of the bags they carry
to school, experts warned yesterday [1]. Half of all children suffer back pain by the age of 14 and doctors are reporting
a rise in cases of spinal abnormalities in pupils, including disfiguring curvatures known as scoliosis. Pupils routinely
carry bags filled with heavy books, laptops, sports kit and packed lunches, which may weigh as much as two stone [2].
Overloaded school bags that are up to double the size of those carried ten years ago are contributing to the surge, it is
feared.
A children risk long-term and ultimately permanent damage if they regularly carry more than 15 percent of their body
weight over their shoulders [3]. Many youngsters are carrying as much as 20 percent or 25 percent of their weight to
and from school. Therefore, studies are needed to make sure the children carries their equipment to school with less load
in their bag by notifying them a precaution or alert [4]. This study is important to reduce the back pain, spine damages,
muscle spasms or any other disease related to the spine.
This research is to develop smart bag by placing a force sensor at the both strap of the bag to measure the force at the
shoulder and use solar panel for backup power. The project starts by performing comprehensive literature review. The
main focus areas of literature review are literature’s related to successful applications of smart bag at market.

Previous Work
The interaction with Smart Bag is a novel idea that uses RFID Technology for packing our items smartly. Radio
Frequency Identification (RFID) uses a reader to get information from a tag attached to the item. By adopting this
technique, a Smart Bag is formulated. Entities which are utilized in building a smart bag are RFID receiver, Keypad,
microcontroller, LCD, Voice IC, GPS, GSM. List of items and its count can be given by using keypad. Items are hooked
up with RFID tags. Communication circuits comprise of microcontroller and RFID receiver in which message passing,
reading of item is done.
The functional sample demonstrates that the user can check its contents at a glance. Items intended for the Smart Bag
are RFID-tagged. The bag is retrofitted with an Arduino Uno microcontroller board enhanced with an RFID-reader and a
Bluetooth module. Items detected by the RFID-reader are reported to the mobile device via Bluetooth. The mobile device
runs a specifically developed software app with the dynamic packing list. As a result, items are automatically checked
on and off the list Via Bluetooth the Smart Bag is connected with a mobile device that runs a mobile app to track the
inventory.
Smart School Bag is an intelligent system presented to assist pupil in their timetable management and also to assure their
security. The main part of smart school bag is the minicomputer and the sensors, which collect the real time data, are
embedded into the minicomputer. The school bag maintains the list of books and according to that day’s timetable and
notifies the user if any book is missing. The teacher can also make necessary changes or even update the schedule. The
Panic Button in the system assures the safety and security of the child. If the child feels insecure he/she can press the
button, which in turn alerts the parents so that they can act accordingly.

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