International Joint-Postgraduate Colloquium on Multidisciplinary Research Held on 14th December 2023 298 identified. In terms of study design, all researchers employed a non-interventional approach, primarily focused on describing and observing the relationship or trends between occupational stress and sleep quality. These study designs offer the advantage of large sample sizes and robust descriptive information. However, due to the absence of controlled experiments, causal relationships cannot be established. Therefore, investigating causality represents a crucial gap that researchers should address in future studies. Healthcare professionals emerged as the most extensively studied group, which could be attributed to the convenience sampling facilitated by researchers based in hospitals. Notably, a greater emphasis was placed on Asian studies within this domain, evidenced by the highest number of relevant research articles. However, considering the physiological and social variations among workers across continents and regions, it is imperative to supplement the existing body of research with studies conducted in other locations. All studies employed subjective scales to measure occupational stress and sleep quality, which is understandable considering the subjective nature of these aspects. However, it is worth noting that objective measurement tools can complement these scales. Table 2. Occupation, location, study design and instrument in the literatures Research design Description Occupation Nurse=10, doctor=3, blue-collar=6, white-collar worker=5, not specific=14 Location Asia=24, Europe=11, Others=3 Study design cross-sectional study=32, longitudinal study=6 Instrument (occupational stress) Job Content Questionnaire=4, Occupational Stress Inventory=3, Perceived Stress Scale=3, Others=28 Instrument (sleep quality) PSQI=29, others=9 RESEARCH FINDING The Out of all the studies, only three reported no significant association between occupational stress and sleep quality, whereas the remaining studies demonstrated a negative association. Out of the 35 studies displaying a significant negative association, 15 studies addressed dimensions of occupational stress, while 12 studies focused on dimensions of sleep quality. Sleep disturbances and daytime dysfunction were the most frequently cited factors pertaining to sleep quality, with each dimension mentioned in three studies, both of which are dimensions captured by the PSQI. Given the absence of uniformity in measuring occupational stress and the diverse range of occupational categories, the factors associated with occupational stress exhibited a relatively dispersed nature. As mentioned earlier, the studies included in this systematic literature review utilized subjective assessment methods, leading to the determination of occupational stress and sleep quality dimensions based on the employed scales. The PSQI consists of seven dimensions, namely subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping medication, and daytime dysfunction. Among these dimensions, sleep disturbances and daytime dysfunction were frequently found to be correlated with occupational stress. On the other hand, the division of dimensions related to occupational stress varied across studies and could be broadly categorized as job demands, work environment, psychological aspects of work, and job rewards. While an overall negative association between occupational stress and sleep quality exists, drawing definitive conclusions at more specific
International Joint-Postgraduate Colloquium on Multidisciplinary Research Held on 14th December 2023 299 dimensions is challenging. This challenge arises due to the variations in stress sources and subjective stress perceptions among different occupations [6,7]. Therefore, when the study population does not consist of specific occupations, researchers should consider the type of work as a variable. Currently, studies primarily focus on exploring the dimensions of occupational stress among nurses or doctors, while investigations into other professions generally identify associations only at the overall level of occupational stress. Conducting more detailed studies on other professions would be a valuable area for future research. It would be meaningful to examine the association between occupational stress and sleep quality in different occupations, particularly among underrepresented groups. However, it is not sufficient to solely verify the negative association; further confirmation of the specific dimensions involved and exploration of the causal relationship between them are required. 4. CONCLUSION The conclusion of this systematic review examines the research designs and findings of quantitative studies conducted between 2011 and 2022 that investigate the association between occupational stress and sleep quality. Cross-sectional studies were the most frequently employed method, and all studies utilized subjective scales to assess occupational stress and sleep quality. The findings consistently demonstrated a negative association between occupational stress and sleep quality, which was observed across various industries, countries, and regions. However, regarding specific dimensions, no definitive statistical conclusion could be drawn. The studies also identified several other factors that impact occupational stress or sleep quality, including genetics, psychological factors, diseases, and lifestyle habits. Based on these findings, we offer suggestions for future research in this field: 1. Consider incorporating objective measures in addition to subjective scales to assess occupational stress and sleep quality. 2. Conduct controlled experiments to establish the causal relationship between occupational stress and sleep quality. 3. Direct attention towards occupational groups that have not been extensively studied. 4. Explore the associations between different dimensions of occupational stress and sleep quality, as well as the influence of mediating and moderating variables. REFERENCES 1. Nakao M (2010). Work-related stress and psychosomatic medicine. BioPsychoSocial Medicine, 4:4. 2. Davies ACL (2022). Stress at Work: Individuals or Structures? Industrial Law Journal, 51:403–34. 3. Dávila Morán RC, Sánchez Soto JM, López Gómez HE, Espinoza Camus FC, Palomino Quispe JF, Castro Llaja L, et al (2023). Work Stress as a Consequence of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review. Sustainability,15:4701 4. Park S, Jang MK (2019). Associations Between Workplace Exercise Interventions and Job Stress Reduction: A Systematic Review. Workplace Health Saf, 67:592–601. 5. Kageyama T, Nishikido N, Kobayashi T, Kurokawa Y, Kaneko T, Kabuto M (1998). Selfreported sleep quality, job stress, and daytime autonomic activities assessed in terms of shortterm heart rate variability among male white-collar workers. Ind Health, 36:263–72. 6. Goktas O, Tekin O, Sencan I (2011). Attitudes to the challenges of life among different occupation groups. Turk J Med Sci, 41:1051–7.
International Joint-Postgraduate Colloquium on Multidisciplinary Research Held on 14th December 2023 300 7. Zhong F, Yano E, Lan Y, Wang M, Wang Z, Wang X (2006). Mental ability and psychological work performance in Chinese workers. Ind Health, 44:598–603.
International Joint-Postgraduate Colloquium on Multidisciplinary Research Held on 14th December 2023 301 MATE SIZE ATTRIBUTES OF THE ORANGE MUD CRAB SCYLLA OLIVACEA IN THE BAY OF BENGAL, BANGLADESH Rashedal Islam 1,3,*, Sukree Hajisamae2 , Siriporn Pradit1 1 Marine and Coastal Resources Institute, Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand 2 Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani 94000, Thailand 3 Department of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patauakhali 8602, Bangladesh *Corresponding author: Rashedal Islam, email: [email protected] ABSTRACT This experiment was carried out to explore the mate size relationship of orange mud crab Scylla olivacea from wild habitats of the Bay of Bengal in July-August, 2023. Overall, 29 pairs of mud crabs were collected from three intertidal mangrove habitats viz., Char Nizam, Miazi Char and Nijhum Dwip. The estimated size range of carapace width (CW) with average and standard deviation (±SE) for males and females were 7.3-10.5 cm (9.0 ± 0.1 cm) and 6.1-9.7 cm (7.8 ± 0.2 cm), respectively. While for males were 5.2-7.3 cm (6.3 ± 0.1 cm) and females were 4.2-6.9 cm (5.5 ± 0.1 cm) of carapace length (CL), respectively. However, the percentage of males CW and CL were larger than females (CW = 82.8%, CL = 86.2%) even though the lower percentage of males was smaller than females (CW = 17.2%, CL = 6.9%), and 6.9% similar sex sizes were found only by CL record. A significant poor correlation (p<0.001) was found between body weight (BW) (r 2 = 0.0334, p<0.001), carapace width (CW) (r 2 = 0.0087, p<0.001), carapace length (CL) (r 2 = 0.0377, p<0.001), and internal carapace width (ICW) (r 2 = 0.0006, p<0.001) of mating partners. Additionally, highly significant variations (T-test, p<0.001) were shown in BW, CW, CL, and ICW of mating pairs between the two sexes. Moreover, the highest-level incidents of males (37.9%) on 8.5-9.0 cm since the females (34.5%) on 7.5-8.0 cm size classes based on CW were noticed. Therefore, the key results of this study will be essential aspects of controlling the aquaculture industry and sustainability of S. olivacea mud crab species. Keywords: Mating, Scylla oilvacea, Mangrove, Bay of Bengal, Correlation 1. INTRODUCTION The mud crab of the genus Scylla is common throughout the Indo-Pacific region and ranges from the mud flats of littoral zones and parts of the supralittoral and intertidal zones of mangrove forests(Keenan et al., 1998). Scylla spp. is also a valuable component of artisanal fisheries in most countries in the region (Le Vay 1998). These crabs are highly valued and provide an important source of income for small-scale fishers throughout this region (Ikhwanuddin et al. 2011; Yalin 1994). Crustaceans have special morphological characteristics and engage appendages to build their burrows in the ground, therefore, the structure of the burrow could be different as every species have variation in morphology and behavior (Faulkes 2013; (Ishizaki, M. Ogura, et al. 2023). The behavior of animals representing their habitat and burrow are interrelated with surrounding the environmental condition, and consequently, a one-sided study of burrows except environment would not cover the full knowledge of ecology (Ishizaki et al. 2023). Erosion, deposition, and bioturbation of the sandy beach due to climate issues (e.g., season and tide) is the better choice to study bioturbation which contributes to changing the environment (Ansell et al. 1972; Seike 2008, 2009; Seike & Nara 2008);
International Joint-Postgraduate Colloquium on Multidisciplinary Research Held on 14th December 2023 302 In the context of ecology and population dynamics of crabs, their burrows play an important role (Leoville et al. 2021). Burrows provide shelter during their critical stage of the life cycle (resting, molting, and reproduction) and reduce their predation from aerial, terrestrial, and aquatic predators during the exposed period (Warren,1990; Chan et al.,2006; Turner 2000; Faulkes 2013; Mirera, 2017b,(Leoville et al. 2021)) and store food and water in critical instant moment of their physiological condition (Dittmann, 1996, (Leoville et al. 2021). These above issues suggest that the distribution of burrows in mangrove habitats is not randomized as crabs need periodical movement in burrows, and hence, they keep a certain distance to make burrow due to their feeding activity (Hill, 1978 (Leoville et al. 2021) 2. OBJECTIVES 1. To explore the mate size of the orange mud crab Scylla olivacea in the Bay of Bengal 2.1.RESEARCH QUESTION 1. What is the size class of mating sex of Scylla olivacea mud crab in the Bay of Bengal? 2. Does male and female Scylla olivacea mud crab size vary in choosing their mate in the wild mangrove Islands of the Bay of Bengal? 3.RESULTS 4.CONCLUSION Mostly males are larger size than females in their pairs moreover, the highest-level incidents of males (37.9%) on 8.5-9.0 cm since the females (34.5%) on 7.5-8.0 cm size classes based on CW were noticed. y = 0.8829x-0.129 R² = 0.0087 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 CW (Male) CW (Female) Correlation matting pair (CW vs CW) y = 0.7273x-0.03 R² = 0.0006 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 CL (Male) CL (Female) Correlation matting pair (CL vs CL) y = 0.8609x-0.117 R² = 0.0077 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 ICW (Male) ICW (Female) Correlation matting pair (ICW vs ICW) y = 0.208x + 1.4573 R² = 0.0334 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2 2.4 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 BW (Male) BW (Female) Correlation matting pair (BW vs BW) Figure 1 Coreelation analysis of male and females (CW, CL, ICW and BW)
International Joint-Postgraduate Colloquium on Multidisciplinary Research Held on 14th December 2023 303 However, the findings of this study will be important aspects for the aquaculture industry and the management of S. olivacea mud crab species. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The author is grateful to “PSU-TUYF Charitable Trust Fund under the project of Sustainable utilization of mud crab; some aspects on the ecology, biology and fisheries of four mud crab species (Scylla spp.) in Thailand” for both research and scholarship funding. REFERENCES 1. Ikhwanuddin, M., G. Azmie, H. M. Juariah, M. Z. Zakaria, and M. A. Ambak. 2011. “Biological Information and Population Features of Mud Crab, Genus Scylla from Mangrove Areas of Sarawak, Malaysia.” Fisheries Research 108(2–3):299–306. doi: 10.1016/j.fishres.2011.01.001. 2. Ishizaki, Y. ,., M. Ogura, C. Takahashi, M. Kaneko, A. Imura, and Y. ,. Shiino. 2023. “Burrow Morphology of Ghost Crab Ocypode Stimpsoni on Ikarashi Beach, Niigata, Japan.” Plankton and Benthos Research 18(1):1–12. doi: 10.3800/pbr.18.1. 3. Keenan, Clive P., Peter J. F. Davie, and David L. Mann. 1998. “A Revision of the Genus Scylla de Haan, 1833 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Portunidae).” Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 46(1):217– 45. 4. Leoville, Alexandre, Raphaël Lagarde, Henri Grondin, Laëtitia Faivre, Elisa Rasoanirina, and Nils Teichert. 2021. “Influence of Environmental Conditions on the Distribution of Burrows of the Mud Crab, Scylla Serrata, in a Fringing Mangrove Ecosystem.” Regional Studies in Marine Science 43. doi: 10.1016/j.rsma.2021.101684. 5. Le Vay, L. ,. 1998. “Ecology and Stock Assessment of Scylla Spp. .” Pp. 14–16 in In: Proceedings of the International Forum on the Culture of Portunid Crabs , Boracay, Philippines. 6. Yalin, S. 1994. “Present Status of Mangrove Crab, Scylla Serrata (Forskal) Culture in China.” NAGA, ICLARM Q. 17(1):28–29.
International Joint-Postgraduate Colloquium on Multidisciplinary Research Held on 14th December 2023 304 THE EFFECT OF PICTURE ENTROPY ON WORD MEMORY (TAKING ENGLISH WORD MEMORY FOR CHINESE SPEAKERS AS AN EXAMPLE) Cui Qi School of Languages, Literacies & Translation, Universiti Sains Malaysia,11800 USM Penang. [email protected] ABSTRACTS Our research focuses on the application of image entropy in the field of word memory teaching. We will use multiple models in our research to reasonably generate pictures with different image entropy gradients. The basic data of these models will be referred to interdisciplinary multimodal language libraries, such as the pictographic word memory database of 100 words and Jesse Snedeker's children's visual text resources. In addition, we will combine the work of Dr. K. Rejtz, Holmqvist and others to explore the details of quantification, such as the strict control of variables, in the entropy analysis procedure. In the later automation process, we will use web crawlers to comprehensively analyze English words, and I will simulate the representation of multimodal image entropy as comprehensively as possible within the scope of compound academic ethics. At the same time, we will also use open-source models such as Netlogo to add a cyclical dimension to the word comprehension changes of the research sample (science university students). In this experiment, we will fit the linear graphs of multiple image entropy, and conduct more correlated data analysis on the basis of the visual field of image information theory by previous related researchers. This will comprehensively consider quantitative means such as contextual learning, adaptive learning, and multimodal transportation. To evaluate the ways in which image entropy affects learners' vocabulary cognition and what different word memory characteristics are reflected. Considering the limitations of the data model and population capacity, as well as the constraints of the experimental cycle, the adaptive application of this study still needs to be quantitatively tracked for a longer period of time. We expect the implications of these findings to extend to a sense of intersection between visual cognition and language acquisition interested educators, curriculum developers, and researchers, and participate in narrow simulations of entropy models 1.0 INTRODUCTION Image entropy is a concept derived from Computer Science and is used to measure the amount of information, or uncertainty, in an image(What Does Entropy Mean in This Context?, n.d.-b) In the context of images, entropy is often used to analyze the complexity or richness of the information contained within High entropy images have a wide range of pixel values and features, indicating a complex image with a lot of information. Conversely, low entropy images are more uniform and straightforward, indicating less information content (How to Measure Entropy in Images with Python. (2023b, April 29). Uni Matrix Zero). In computer science, image entropy has a wide range of applications. It is used in image compression, where the entropy of an image can help determine the optimal way to compress the image without losing
International Joint-Postgraduate Colloquium on Multidisciplinary Research Held on 14th December 2023 305 too much information[ In image segmentation, image entropy can identify regions with high information content, enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of segmentation algorithms(How to Measure Entropy in Images With Python, 2023d) Image entropy is also used in target recognition, information security, and image classification and search (Special Issue "Machine Learning and Entropy Based Methods for Biomedical Data Analytics and Modeling"). The concept of image entropy has also been introduced into word memory. Research has found that entropy can explain the difficulty of recalling word sequences.(Melin et al., 2022) This is because entropy measures the level of uncertainty or randomness in a dataset, and this concept can be applied to the recall of word sequences. High entropy word sequences, which have a high level of uncertainty, are more difficult to recall than low entropy word sequences(Melin et al., 2022). Moreover, studies have shown that there is a range of entropy values, not too low and not too high, in which associative memory registers have a satisfactory performance.(Pineda et al., 2021) This suggests that a moderate amount of entropy may be beneficial for memory recall. This is because when the entropy is too low, the cue must be very precise to match an object within the memory, but when it does, the selection is most likely right. Conversely, if the entropy is too high, most cues will match an object within the memory, but the selection will often be wrong(Pineda & Morales, 2023). In conclusion, image entropy is a powerful tool in both computer science and cognitive science. It provides a measure of the information content in images and word sequences, and can help improve the efficiency of image processing tasks and the recall of word sequences. 2.0 MATERIAL AND METHOD This study mainly focuses on the following research objects: It is a quantitatively analyzed image entropy that based on the calculation formula of information entropy. We have introduced new elements from X1 to X6, i.e. Hoe (homophonic element) to Rte (root element), and the expression of this model can be understood as: A fundamental property based on entropy, i.e. if two random variables are independent, the entropy of their joint distribution is the sum of their respective entropies. 。 (Entropy and Information Theory, ee.stanford.edu,2023). In each calculation of the gradient value of the entropy of an image, we introduce these six elements: hoe (homophonic element), ase (associative element), rte (root element), dre (derived element), vie (visual memory element), and Tye (typography element) Among the variables introduced in this study: X ₕ ₒ ₑ and Xᵥᵢₑ in Substituting it gives us the following formula:
International Joint-Postgraduate Colloquium on Multidisciplinary Research Held on 14th December 2023 306 2.1 Kosubtitle In a questionnaire survey, we focused on the six elements from multimodal word memory reading practices, of which the homophonic elements came from the database of Wanziwang Company (word memory assisted by Chinese homophony), ase from the generative language memory model of language model companies such as Openai (put the reader's five words that need to be learned in a sentence to generate high-density language learning entropy), DRE from the scallop word database (provide derived words to strengthen comprehensive memory), VIE comes from the 100-word chop word database (pictogram word database and picture word database) (Rui Ma Manoel and Cortes Mendez,2023). By calculating the information entropy of all features, we can get a value for a different variable that affects the uncertainty of word memory. The key assumption of this study is that each variable is independently distributed and reflected in English teaching practice, that is, the homophonic elements borrowed by students learning A word through a certain visual information and the visual memory elements do not interact with each other. (Entropy and Information Theory, ee.stanford.edu,2023). In this study, the Ebbinghaus Curve adapted to the study samples will be optimized based on the adaptive forgetting curve of spaced repetition language learning, and the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of information entropy will be simulated by simulating the python algorithm, and its solution with the modified Ebbinghaus forgetting curve will be found： H(x)=EX=(x) in order to Find the high-frequency intersection area (Curve Fitting with PythonMachine Learning Mastery.com，2021). 2.2 Kosubtitle The derivative is obtained by the cumulative distribution function of the previous picture entropy:H(X’), It is used for a weighted analysis of these six database sources and to build a data with objective capacity, i.e., an automated Python program for controlled experiments and data reference with test subjects (university students) as described in Abstract. The experiment will draw on Anderson's method of establishing a relevant cross-language transcription database, and transcribe the dynamic data of the learning situation of the experimental subjects through their interpretation of individual words under the teaching of picture entropy. (Anderson et al., 2018) The linear graph quantification of image entropy will be analyzed more personally and socially on the basis of the above-mentioned practice in the visual field of image information theory, that is, the recognition process of image entropy cannot stop at the sample analysis and computer programming research of big data, but should be supplemented in the field of qualitative research. 2.3 kosubtitle Through Agent-Based Modeling (ABM), NetLogo is used to build an agent-based model, focusing on the introduction of a learning mechanism based on the image entropy model, setting personalized learning arrangements for individuals, and continuously observing in a relatively stable time period, adjusting the experimental parameters, and finally striving to
International Joint-Postgraduate Colloquium on Multidisciplinary Research Held on 14th December 2023 307 objectively evaluate the effect of students' word memory through image entropy and the big data report of the large companies participating in this research, and analyze the evolution of users' word memory in social networks. (Tseng & Nguyen, 2020b). 3.0 APPENDICES This table is generated by Python as a function image of quantized entropy, and it is used to calculate the calculation of a given probability (0 to 1 describes not remembered and memorized), where the 0.5 result is based on a smaller capacity test and is used as a reference only. Taking this 0.5 as an example, if the sum of the entropic elements of the hoe exceeds this element, it is not conducive to memory. Reflecting on the teaching practice, word learners also find it difficult to adapt to the word memory with the participation of too many picture entropy elements. Table a This table is generated by Python as an inverse function image that quantifies the six image entropy elements, which is used to calculate the specific position of these elements in word forgetting. We can judge the specific impact of the six elements on the forgetting rate through the interval of these six elements. Again, the data for this graph is also based on a small sample of data and is for reference only. Reflected in teaching practice, DRE (derived element) has a higher effect on deepening memory as a higher level of learning for learners to strengthen memory. Hoe (homophonic elements), although easy to understand, are only effective in the early stages of forgetting, which is a small part of the overall memory cycle, so memorizing words through homophony alone is not necessarily a perfect word memory strategy Table b
International Joint-Postgraduate Colloquium on Multidisciplinary Research Held on 14th December 2023 308 This table is generated by Python as an inverse function image to quantify the six image entropy elements, and it is used to calculate the memory strength retention rate and the amount of change over time for different entropy elements. With limited experimental data, purple is relatively close to Vie (visual element) and can be arranged for memory tasks over a longer period of time. For example, with limited experimental data, and the tendency of blue lines to approach Tye (typographic elements) many times, it is necessary to increase the number of repetitions in the early stage of memory. In the actual word teaching activities, the school classroom will arrange to read and memorize the words in the textbook in the morning and evening and urge students to consult the dictionary repeatedly, which often achieves considerable memory results (due to the limited data sample size, the lines of the five colors do not have a one-to-one corresponding entropy element, so further research is needed) Table c 4.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The search sense inference drawn from the teaching practice is that these six elements will reasonably improve the visual entropy of language learners (this experiment took native Chinese speakers as a sample) in visual cognition in this experiment Still choose to ignore the part of the word memory elements that can improve the entropy density and require a high cognitive foundation (for example, the language elements of the language universal solution king company need to have a cognitive foundation for other language families such as Latin roots), and the traditional emoji elements of platforms such as Youtube (which require the corresponding cultural background of the reader, and are easy to cause a waste of cognitive costs for language learners, that is, the English vocabulary memory mode of some emojis will make it difficult for learners to understand In addition, in the analysis of the company's database in this experiment, limited by the source of the data sample, it may be affected by complex business interests, and attention should be paid to identifying the reasonable range of data based on the data users and metadata disclosed and provided by the company, and through tabular survey and Python data screening of these companies' English learning software. Finally, there will be complex elemental relationships in actual second language learning (taking English as an example), which may differ from the independence of the entropy of information words in the ideal state, but due to the choices in actual learning, the learners' image entropy elements are quite different (for example, the learners who choose to memorize the dictionary are exposed to Tye (typographic elements) are
International Joint-Postgraduate Colloquium on Multidisciplinary Research Held on 14th December 2023 309 much larger than other elements), so the other elements in this case will have less impact on the elements of Tye. Therefore, the error of the study is still within acceptable limits. 5.0 CONCLUSION The research mainly focuses on the application of image entropy in the field of word memory teaching, and uses multiple models to simulate images with different image entropy gradients (mainly based on the previous six image entropy elements: 100 Words Chop Pictogram Learning Page (Vie) size: 160mm×77mm 100 Words Chop Picture Learning Page (Vie) size: 160mm×77mm Wan Ci Wang Homophonic Learning Page (Hoe) size: 160mm×77mm Collins Dictionary Learning Page (Tye) Size: 184mm×32mm Oxford Advanced EnglishChinese Dictionary (Tye) Size: 215mm×145mm Scallop Word Learning Page (Rte, Dre) Size: 160mm×77mm Chatgbt Word and Sentence Generation Instruction (Ase) Size: 160mm×77mm iFLYTEK Word Pen (None) Size: 3.7inch People's Education Edition 12th Grade English Textbook (None) size: 210mm×297mm Although the research has not yet been fully completed, further data are still needed, and our idea has been preliminarily implemented, that is, the six picture entropy elements can improve learners' visual memory of words, and the efficiency of Never type tutorials and word pens in word memory is at a low level, but in actual teaching, it often becomes the main means for most learners to acquire words because of the high repetitive memory requirements of educators for dictionaries and textbooks in the classroom, and has considerable memory results. In the following work, we will continue to track the six pictorial entropy elements and the learner's population tracking for a longer period of time (at least one Abin Loth memory cycle), and try to draw more general conclusions. 、 As mentioned in Abstracts, we hope that the experiment will extend to educators, curriculum developers, and researchers who are interested in the intersection of visual cognition and language acquisition, and who are involved in the narrow simulation of entropy models If you have an idea or a resource for experimentation, I would cordially invite you to contact my agency email for further collaboration. 6.0 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I am currently pursuing a degree in English for professional at USM University and am actively connecting with computer science labs and related research resources, and if all goes well, I will spend the first semester of 2024 on weekends or holidays to visit relevant university research institutes in Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong or South Korea for further support. In addition, this study will be pursued after the completion of experimental data analysis and all scientific research objectives. Computational Linguistics) and other computational linguistics associations for further evaluation and recommendations. The research is done at their own expense, and the participants will participate voluntarily in accordance with the ethical principles of the social science.
International Joint-Postgraduate Colloquium on Multidisciplinary Research Held on 14th December 2023 310 REFERENCES 1. Haryadi, S. (2019). Implementation of Harmony in Gradation Concept to Improve Shannon’s Information Entropy Formula. Implementation of Harmony in Gradation Concept to Improve 2. Shannon’s Information Entropy Formula. https://doi.org/10.1109/tssa48701.2019.8985497 3. Rui Ma Manoel and Cortes Mendez.(2023) https://www.classcentral.com/report/chinaenglish-learning-apps/ 4. Jeon, J., & Manmatha, R. (2004). Using maximum entropy for automatic image annotation. In 5. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (pp. 24–32). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540- 27814-6_7 6. Anderson, C., Tresoldi, T., Chacon, T. C., Fehn, A., Walworth, M., Forkel, R., & List, J. (2018). A cross-linguistic database of phonetic transcription systems. Yearbook of Poznan Linguistic Meeting, 4(1), 21–53. https://doi.org/10.2478/yplm-2018-0002 7. Tseng, S., & Nguyen, T. S. (2020b). Agent-Based modeling of rumor propagation using expected integrated mean squared error optimal design. Applied System Innovation, 3(4), 48. https://doi.org/10.3390/asi3040048 8. https://stackoverflow.com/questions/40596026/what-does-entropy-mean-in-thiscontext 9. https://unimatrixz.com/blog/latent-space-image-quality-with-entropy/ 10. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-86270-7 11. https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/7/934 12. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-36761-6
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International Joint-Postgraduate Colloquium on Multidisciplinary Research Held on 14th December 2023 312 INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND EDUCATIONAL COLLABORATION THROUGH THE GLOBE PROGRAM Krisanadej Jaroensutasinee1, Mullica Jaroensutasinee2 1Center of Excellence for Ecoinformatics, School of Science,Walailak University, Thailand, [email protected] 2Center of Excellence for Ecoinformatics, School of Science,Walailak University, Thailand, [email protected] ABSTRACT GLE (GLOBE Learning Expedition) has been implemented in many locations in Thailand by the Center of Excellence for Ecoinformatics, Walailak University that can provide a platform for interdisciplinary research. Study sites vary from almost all regions of Thailand from the South (Satun, Phuket) to the North (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai). Many publications are produced and presented in both national and international conferences. Students enjoy these natural and environmental activities and the projects have been funded by schools for more than 10 years. Keywords: GLOBE Learning Expedition; STEM education; Ecoinformatics; Collaboration through Internet Technology INTRODUCTION The GLOBE Program, launched and funded by NASA (the National Aeronautics and Space Administration) in the United States, is a worldwide science and education initiative designed to promote environmental awareness and facilitate scientific cooperation among students, teachers, and scientists globally. Operating under the acronym GLOBE (Global Learning and Observations to Benefit the Environment), the program encourages hands-on, experiential learning by motivating participants to gather and exchange environmental data. (Overview 2023) The inception of the GLOBE (Global Learning and Observations to Benefit the Environment) program took place on Earth Day, April 22, 1995. This globally recognized initiative represents an international science and education program designed to engage both students and the wider public in meaningful contributions to scientific knowledge. By actively involving participants in data collection and the scientific process, the GLOBE program offers a unique opportunity for individuals to make substantive contributions to our understanding of Earth's intricate systems. Through these collective efforts, participants play a vital role in generating valuable information that contributes to the ongoing exploration and comprehension of the Earth's complex environmental dynamics. GLOBE is inherently interdisciplinary, strategically designed to comprehensively explore Earth as a dynamic system. By integrating protocols from the realms of Hydrology, Atmosphere, Pedosphere, and Biosphere, GLOBE seamlessly weaves together diverse scientific disciplines. This integration is facilitated through the use of advanced Internet technologies, which serve as the connective tissue linking various domains of study. Spatially, GLOBE transcends geographical boundaries, fostering participation from diverse regions worldwide. Leveraging the power of the Internet, the initiative creates a global network that transcends physical distances. This not only enables a more comprehensive understanding of Earth's complexities but also promotes inclusivity by encouraging contributions from different corners of the globe.
International Joint-Postgraduate Colloquium on Multidisciplinary Research Held on 14th December 2023 313 Educationally, GLOBE is a collaborative platform that brings together students, educators, teachers, and local experts in tandem with scientists. Through the connectivity afforded by the Internet, GLOBE transforms traditional educational paradigms by facilitating global collaborations. This dynamic interaction not only enriches the learning experience but also cultivates a sense of shared responsibility for our planet among participants. In essence, GLOBE serves as a beacon of interdisciplinary exploration, transcending spatial limitations and educational boundaries to foster a holistic understanding of Earth's intricate systems. Highlighting the crucial aspect of sustaining data quality over an extended period and across a global participant base, GLOBE has developed a robust system since its establishment in 1995. This system incorporates meticulously designed protocols comprising field guides, lab guides, calibration guides, and engaging learning activities. These protocols serve as the foundation for training new members, ensuring a standardized approach to data collection. To facilitate widespread training, GLOBE offers diverse training formats, including online modules and certified workshops. Upon successful completion of protocol training, participants attain various levels of GLOBE certifications, progressing from students to teachers, trainers, and ultimately achieving the status of master trainers. This tiered certification system not only enhances the proficiency of individual participants but also contributes to the overall reliability and credibility of the long-term data collected by GLOBE across the global network of contributors. Figure 1. The GLOBE program interactive data visualization web page. (Visualization 2023) GLOBE Publication Link (2023) provides comprehensive lists of publications related to GLOBE that includes student benefits from implementing GLOBE in the classroom. MATERIALS AND METHODS The GLOBE Program serves as a dynamic platform that cultivates collaborative interdisciplinary research and educational endeavors among participating countries worldwide. Within this framework, we have launched a series of engaging student initiatives known as the GLOBE Learning Expedition (GLE). Over the course of the last decades, we have implemented and refined GLE concepts, providing students with opportunities to elevate their proficiency in a spectrum of disciplines.
International Joint-Postgraduate Colloquium on Multidisciplinary Research Held on 14th December 2023 314 Through GLE, students not only delve into mathematics, computer science, and traditional scientific methodologies but also gain hands-on experience in programming, analytical thinking, research planning, and the intricacies of data collection, encompassing both manual techniques and cutting-edge Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. The program goes beyond conventional boundaries by incorporating data computation, including the application of machine learning algorithms. Participating students are equipped with the skills to produce comprehensive research data reports and deliver impactful research presentations. This multifaceted approach ensures that GLE not only enhances academic knowledge but also hones practical skills essential for navigating the complexities of the modern research landscape. The research encompassed a diverse array of ecosystems, offering a broad spectrum of study areas that included forests, beaches, coral reefs, rivers, and banks. These sites were strategically chosen across multiple locations, namely Satun, Phuket, Krabi, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Surat Thani, Chumphorn, Phetchaburi (Kaeng Krachan Dam), Nakhon Nayok, Nan, Lampang, Nakhon Phanom, Chiang Mai, and Chiang Rai. Notably, these locations, often referred to as "study sites," double as popular tourist attractions, making them pertinent for addressing research inquiries related to tourism. The training sessions also integrated social media skill sets, encompassing proficiency in photo and videography, adept story creation, effective social media sharing strategies, adept social media networking, and the cultivation of critical thinking abilities. Example 1 Phuket In 2022, we conducted the GLE training program for Samsen Wittaya School, a distinguished school in Bangkok. The expedition was carried out in Phuket where various interdisciplinary student activities were conducted and the whole cycle of inquiry based learning was implemented. Example 2 Petchaburi Also, at the time of writing (28 November - 1st December) we will operate a GLE for Chonprathan Wittaya school, also located in Bangkok. The expedition will be in Petchaburi around Kaeng Krachan Dam. The training program encompassed a diverse array of topics, delving into cutting-edge applications of technology and ecological studies. Participants engaged in the exploration of drone technology, its applications ranging from mosquito control to the examination of forest fire prevention and climate change through the analysis of remote sensing data. The focus extended to the study of aquatic biodiversity, utilizing it as an ecological indicator for establishing water quality criteria. An additional facet of the program involved investigating the diversity and abundance of mosquito larval predators. The study was conducted in the captivating landscape surrounding Kaeng Krachan Dam in Phetchaburi, providing a rich and dynamic environment for hands-on learning experiences. To complement these scientific endeavors, participants were equipped with essential social media skills. This included proficiency in photo and videography, the art of storytelling, social media sharing, networking, and the cultivation of critical thinking in the digital sphere. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Participating students have demonstrated significant improvements in their proficiency across a wide range of interdisciplinary fields, encompassing Mathematics, Computer Science, and various scientific disciplines such as Physics, Chemistry, Marine Sciences, and Geology. Their enhanced capabilities extend to the acquisition of essential 21st-century skills, including programming, data analysis, research planning, data collection (both manual and IoT-based), data computation techniques encompassing machine learning, effective research data reporting, and compelling research presentations.
International Joint-Postgraduate Colloquium on Multidisciplinary Research Held on 14th December 2023 315 A significant portion of student research papers have been presented at conferences of national and international stature. Thailand boasts a well-established network known as GLOBE Thailand, which plays a pivotal role in fostering a vibrant research environment among students. This network organizes annual GLOBE meetings, providing a platform for showcasing the most exceptional research endeavors. Through this rigorous evaluation process, GLOBE Thailand carefully selects the top-tier papers to receive funding for participation in prestigious international arenas such as Stockholm Junior Water Prizes (Stockholm Junior Water Prize 2023) and GLOBE The International Virtual Science Symposium (IVSS 2023). This invaluable support empowers young researchers to represent Thailand on the global stage, showcasing their groundbreaking contributions to the scientific and educational community. 4. CONCLUSION GLE lays the foundation for interdisciplinary research that encompasses a multitude of dimensions. Firstly, the spatial and temporal dimensions enable data collection from diverse locations and time, facilitating comparative analysis and novel insights. Secondly, integrating and analyzing data from various disciplines can lead to groundbreaking discoveries. Finally, collaborations among students, educators, scientists, local experts, and businesses foster dynamic and fruitful partnerships that benefit all participants, especially students. Figure 4. An example of student research articles produced at the end of one of our GLE. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We are deeply grateful for the ongoing financial assistance provided by Samsen Wittaya School and Chonpratan Wittaya School.
International Joint-Postgraduate Colloquium on Multidisciplinary Research Held on 14th December 2023 316 REFERENCES 1. IVSS, (2023). International Virtual Science Symposium. https://www.globe.gov/newsevents/meetings_symposia/virtual-conferences 2. Overview, (2023). The GLOBE Program Overview. https://www.globe.gov/about/learn/programoverview. 3. Publications. (2023). Publications and Presentations. https://observer.globe.gov/publications. 4. Stockholm Junior Water Prize. (2023). Stockholm Junior Water Prize. https://siwi.org/stockholmjunior-water-prize/ 5. Visualization. (2023). GLOBE Visualization System. https://vis.globe.gov/GLOBE/#a.
International Joint-Postgraduate Colloquium on Multidisciplinary Research Held on 14th December 2023 317 ART IN HEALTH: APPLICATION OF ANGKLUNG ART-BASED INTERVENTION TO THE ELDERLY IN MALAYSIA Muhammad Asyraf Mohd Bakri1 , Kamal Sabran1 1 Department of New Media Design and Technology, School of The Arts, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia ABSTRACT Angklung is played as a group-musical, but this musical instrument is preferred through entertainment purposes but has not yet been explored as a health tool in Malaysia. This study aims to find out the benefits of angklung musical instruments for the elderly. There are several objectives, among which is to identify the potential of angklung for the elderly; identify intervention methods in terms of activities and effects of angklung noise on the elderly; to analyze the effects of angklung art-based intervention on the elderly. This study uses a qualitative method, which has 2 parts. First is a literature review through secondary sources, internet sources, reading materials, and interviews with expert doctors, musicians and angklung makers. While the second part of the primary source is from observation, interviews of caregivers and seniors were taken before and after the intervention with the presence of 11 residents and 7 caregivers including nurses and physiotherapists on October 31, 2022. The participants were taken through purposive sampling at the Shalis Care Center, Kelantan. Data is analyzed based on research results from reading materials, internet sources, interviews, and observations. The data results found Angklung as a suitable medium therapy for the elderly, in Malaysia. The characteristics of angklung that have a quiet, simple, light, and pleasant sound and help to restore the Quality of Life in terms of psychomotor, behavioral, and cognitive functions of the elderly. In conclusion, angklung musical instruments can provide well-being to the elderly. Keywords: Angklung, Elderly, Art-based intervention, Quality of Life
International Joint-Postgraduate Colloquium on Multidisciplinary Research Held on 14th December 2023 318 EXPLORING THE FACTORS BEHIND FEMALE HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE GRADUATES’ SELECTION OF NON-STEM SUBJECTS FOR HIGHER STUDIES Saraf Afra Salsabil Email : [email protected] ABSTRACTS Worldwide Science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) disciplines are dominated by male students. Research showed that female students of Bangladesh tend to drop out of STEM background studies while gradually enrolling in higher education; however, there are no specific research findings on why female students change their areas of higher studies. This research was conducted to explore the factors which influence female high school science graduates to select non-STEM disciplines in higher education. A mixed-method research methodology was adopted to study the factors. At first, a survey was conducted which revealed female students’ lower tendency to get a chance in STEM disciplines; however, they have a higher tendency than males to choose non-STEM even after getting a chance in a STEM discipline. To find out the factors preventing females from choosing STEM, interview participants were chosen opportunistically from the survey respondents. Thematic analysis brought out that female students were affected by the nature of science teaching-learning they receive in the classrooms, social and family influences on females’ STEM involvement, gender representation in STEM around their surroundings and decision-making dilemmas regarding subject selection in universities which have been explained with two frameworks- Gender Filtration Model and Social Cognitive Career Theory. Recommendations have been derived for science curriculum, science teaching-learning process, teacher education, and policies in secondary and higher-secondary in Bangladesh as these stages are pathways for genderinclusive STEM higher education for the students. Keywords: “non-STEM discipline”, “higher education”, “gender ratio”, “science teachinglearning”, “gender-inclusive STEM education”
International Joint-Postgraduate Colloquium on Multidisciplinary Research Held on 14th December 2023 319 ALIBABA COMPANY'S MARKETING STRATEGY ANALYSIS Su Yue Email : [email protected] In general, Alibaba, as one of the largest e-commerce enterprises in the world, continues to expand globally and continuously improve its competitiveness. Their success requires advanced technology and services, corresponding marketing strategies, and in-depth research and understanding of different markets. Alibaba has played an important role in promoting and leading the e-commerce industry after the epidemic, bringing more convenience and choices to consumers.Alibaba is a very successful enterprise, but it faces many challenges and problems in its future development. By strengthening product quality and service quality, managing third-party businesses, strengthening data security, technological innovation, and fulfilling social responsibilities, Alibaba can better respond to challenges and problems, and achieve the goal of more sustainable development.On the basis of the two strategic priorities of user first and AI driven, Alibaba will add strategic types of businesses in the future: technology-driven Internet platform business, AI-driven technology business, and third, global business network.In the future, Globalization is also one of the future development directions of Alibaba. Alibaba will continue to penetrate into the global market, export Chinese manufacturing and Chinese services in a platform model, and strengthen cooperation with global partners to promote the development of global digital economy and digital transformation.With the continuous progress of technology and the continuous change of the market, Alibaba will continue to play an important role in the global competition and make greater contribution to the development of the e-commerce industry.
International Joint-Postgraduate Colloquium on Multidisciplinary Research Held on 14th December 2023 320 ENTREPRENEURIAL LEADERSHIP AND HRM INVESTMENT: THE ROLE OF INDUSTRY CLIMATE Tipsuda Sattayarak, Sansanee Teeparuksapun, Waraporn Niyomdecha and Chantharat Julnual Doctor of Philosophy in Management, Prince of Songkla University, Thailand [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT In the business world, there is a popular phrase “our people are our greatest asset…”. It reflects on how human resource plays an important role for company success. However, few studies clarify the link between company investment on HRM and the mechanism behind CEO’s decision toward HRM investment. Therefore, this study focuses on relationship between entrepreneurial leadership and firm’s HRM investment via the moderating role of industry climate for HRM investment and the mediating role of company’s capability in HRM investment. Data collected from an online survey of 157 business owners in Thailand using structural equation modeling analysis shows that entrepreneurial leadership has an influence on firm investment in HRM through capability for HRM investment. Moreover, entrepreneurial leadership has a stronger effect on firm investment in HRM when industry climate for HRM Investment is high. Consistent with resource-based view and strategic choice theory, the results suggests that business owners with entrepreneurial leadership realize the importance of human resource as contributed to firm’s competitive advantage, so they will invest in HRM more. However, business owners will consider the industry climate and investment capability in order to make investment decision over HRM. Keywords: Entrepreneurial Leadership, Capability for HRM Investment, Industry Climate for HRM Investment, Firm Investment in HRM, Resource-based view, Strategic Choice
International Joint-Postgraduate Colloquium on Multidisciplinary Research Held on 14th December 2023 321 THE INFLUENCE OF MULTIPLE SOURCES OF PERFORMANCE PRESSURE ON STRESS AND TURNOVER INTENTIONS AMONG ACADEMIC STAFF IN HIGHER EDUCATION IN THAILAND Methawat Phutornpukdee1 , Nuttigan Somnuk2 , Pirasinee Chaikuntaveechot 3 Thanathkorn Boonyathanathaghij 4 , Luksika Wonganan5 , Wisanupong Potipiroon 6 1 Department of Business Administration, Nakhon si Thammarat Rajabhat University, [email protected] 2 Department of Business Administration, Nakhon si Thammarat Rajabhat University, [email protected] 3 Department of Business Administration, Songkla Rajabhat University, [email protected] 4 Ph.D. Student Faculty of Management Science, Prince of songkla University, [email protected] 5 Ph.D. Student Faculty of Management Science, Prince of songkla University, [email protected] 6 Faculty of Management Science, Prince of Songkla University, [email protected] ABSTRACT Academic personnel are an important driving force in the success of higher education. This study aims to examine the effects of two forms of performance pressure, namely, universityimposed performance pressure and self-imposed performance pressure on perceived stress, work engagement and turnover intentions among academic personnel in universities in Thailand. Survey data were collected via online questionnaire from 243 academic staff via multiple platforms. Results from structural equation modeling (SEM) indicates that both forms of performance pressure had positive effects on stress and turnover intentions and negative effects on work engagement. Stress emerged as a significant mediator in these relationships. Furthermore, it was found that self-imposed pressure moderated the effect of universityimposed pressure, such that those with low self-imposed pressure were more likely to be more strongly affected by university-imposed pressure. These results suggest that although selfimposed pressure directly leads to stress, those who regularly pressure themselves are less likely to be affected by the requirements imposed by their university. These results highlight the complex relationships of different forms of performance pressure and their effects on academic personnels job attitudes. Keywords: Job Stress; Work Engagement; Performance Pressure; Self-imposed Pressure, Turnover Intention
International Joint-Postgraduate Colloquium on Multidisciplinary Research Held on 14th December 2023 322 PEMIKIRAN SIDDIQ FADHIL: ANTARA TUNTUTAN GERAKAN DAN POLITIK ISLAM DI MALAYSIA Ramdani bin Abd Karim Email : [email protected] ABSTRAK Kajian ini adalah sebahagian daripada penelitian terhadap pemikiran politik Siddiq Fadhil (1947-2021) yang ikonik di luar kerangka kegiatan gerakan dakwah yang didokong sepanjang hayatnya. Berteraskan elemen budaya timur khususnya orang Melayu, Siddiq memberikan kesegaran kepada citra keMelayuan tentang nilai bangsa yang mencirikan luhur budi dalam tradisi masyarakat Nusantara. Menerusi percontohan sikap saling menghormati, berimbang akal, sopan dan santun serta saling bekerjasama, Siddiq mengangkat tema Melayu sebagai salah satu karektor utama mengagendakan gerakan dakwah berakar umbi kepada kefahaman Islam. Sikap toleran beliau dicerna melalui tindakan dengan nada dan kelunakan berbahasa Melayu dengan dialek nusantara yang cukup menggambarkan penguasaan dan kehalusan seni berbahasa yang mengarah kepada kepada akhlak Melayu dan Islam. Penekanan Siddiq terhadap dakwah dinyatakan dengan sangat jelas dalam bait-bait penulisannya. Watak beliau seiring dengan peranan manusia sebagai hamba yang bertuhankan Allah SWT yang beribadah kepada-Nya mahupun hanya sebagai makhluk sosial yang hidup bermasyarakat. Penegasan dan pemberatan terhadap sikap, akhlak dan maruah manusia dianjurkan Siddiq antaranya adalah dengan sentiasa menjunjung nilai manusiawi sebagai tatacara mengurus kehidupan dan bukan berpaksi kepada habuan yang dianggap fatamorgana. Habuan menerusi anugerah, pangkat, harta benda atau pengiktirafan manusia kepada manusia adalah khayalan yang memberi kesenangan sementara. Sebaliknya akhlak dan maruah menurut beliau membentuk perwatakan manusia yang terpimpin. Justeru, umat bertanggungjawab untuk memurnikan akhlak dan meletakkan nilai yang tinggi terhadap manusia di mana hakikat itu membentuk makhluk (manusia) untuk saling menghormati dan dihormati. Tentunya persekitaran turut memberi kesan kepada aspek positif dan negatif walaupun pada hakikatnya manusia dilahirkan dengan fitrah yang suci. Demikian, akhlak membentuk moral yang punya upaya memberi inspirasi kepada manusia untuk terlibat dalam tingkah laku konstruktif yang menguntungkan masyarakat seluruhnya dan menjadikan kehidupan lebih aman, damai, dan Sejahtera. Siddiq memberi penekanan yang luas terhadap pembentukan akhlak meskipun kebanyakan hipotesis awalnya menjurus kepada tema dakwah dan siasah (politik) . Menerusi penekunan wacana dan kupasan yang dianjurkan, beliau amat menekan kepada asas akhlak dan maruah yang diunjur dan dikembangkan kepada nilai Islam menerusi gerakan, tindakan, dakwah dan politik seperti tamsilan beliau dalam Ucapan Dasar Presiden ABIM yang diilhamkan seperti berikut:
International Joint-Postgraduate Colloquium on Multidisciplinary Research Held on 14th December 2023 323 Membawa manusia mengabdikan diri seutuh dan setulus kepada Allah SWT, mengabdi dalam erti yang tulen dan seluas-luasnya tunduk kepada ajaran samawi, dengan mengambil “Manhaj Rabbaniyy” sebagai tata hidup yang melandasi dan mendominasi segala aspek kehidupan, iaitu meliputi perkaraperkara berikut: iaitu Pembinaan Sahsiah Islam, Pembinaan Keluarga Islam, Pembinaan Ummah Islam, Pembinaan Negara Islam, Pembinaan Dunia Islam dan Pembinaan Khalifah Islam. (Siddiq 1989). Mencermati enam elemen yang dipautkan Siddiq, perkara pertama yang diilhamkan beliau adalah soal pembinaan sahsiah Islam yang dirumuskan sebagai jati diri untuk membina peribadi dan peradaban berakhlak, berbudi bahasa dan berbudi pekerti yang baik (Fatimi dan Mohd. Zamani 2006). Tidak terhenti sekadar itu, akhlak terus diwacanakan oleh tokoh-tokoh besar termasuklah antaranya Almarhum Ustaz Fadhil Noor yang berpandangan bahawa proses membina negara harus berasas kepada akhlak dan sistem nilai yang tinggi berpaksi kepada sistem kepercayaan yang benar dan perlu dikembangkan (Suhaimi Latip, 2015). Mengarah kepada usaha pembinaan watak akhlak manusia, pemikiran Siddiq dilanjutkan dalam siri-siri pengajian akademik, syarahan umum, ucapan dasar, monograf dan kertas kerja yang dihasilkan secara ilmiah menerusi perbincangan dan kuliah-kuliah awam.
International Joint-Postgraduate Colloquium on Multidisciplinary Research Held on 14th December 2023 324 A QUALITATIVE STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF PHOTOVOICE ON HIV/AIDS STIGMA AMONG USM STUDENTS Wan Azuan Wan Ali1,2*, Azlinda Azman1,2, Pramjit Singh Jamir Singh1,2 1 Social Work Programme, School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia 2 AIDS Action and Research Group (AARG), School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia *Corresponding author’s e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT The stigma related to HIV/AIDS continues to be a major obstacle to prevention, treatment, and support activities, particularly among university students, who are typically at a critical point in their personal and social development. The purpose of this project is to look into the potential of Photovoice, a participatory research approach that combines photography and storytelling, to reduce HIV/AIDS stigma among university students. A qualitative study design was used, including a purposive sample of university students from various backgrounds. A total of 15 participants were involved in a Photovoice intervention and were required to capture photos that represented their perceptions, experiences, and issues around HIV/AIDS stigma. Participants then participated in led group conversations to share their images and narratives. Thematic analysis of participant-generated pictures and tales demonstrated that Photovoice has a complex influence on eliminating HIV/AIDS stigma. Increased awareness, empathy, and understanding of the issues experienced by those living with HIV/AIDS were key themes, as was the identification of common beliefs that perpetuate stigma. Participants felt a greater sense of personal responsibility in eliminating stigma and a willingness to contribute to the creation of a more friendly and inclusive academic environment. Photovoice appears to be a promising strategy for reducing HIV/AIDS stigma among university students by encouraging participation and reflection. The strategy not only engages participants in meaningful discourse but also allows for a visual representation of their points of view, perhaps resulting in a more profound and long-lasting influence. Integrating Photovoice into instructional programmes and awareness campaigns may help to create a more stigma-free campus culture, promoting stronger HIV/AIDS preventive and support measures in the long run. Keywords: HIV/AIDS stigma, Photovoice, university students, participatory research, qualitative study.
International Joint-Postgraduate Colloquium on Multidisciplinary Research Held on 14th December 2023 325 SEPARATION TECHNOLOGY USING STIMULI RESPONSIVE POLYMERIC HYDROGELS FOR SUSTAINABLE FUTURE Eva Oktavia Ningrum Faculty of Vocational Studies, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember ITS ABSTRACT Water and energy are essential to solving problems related to sustainability, the economy, improving living conditions and health, and avoiding hunger in many parts of the world. Climate change and environmental conditions also play a fundamental role in the availability of water resources and influence market factors. Access to drinking and economic water is difficult in many parts of the world. The problem is the pollutants present in the waters. Desalination has emerged as a promising method of producing fresh water. Nonetheless, preparing materials and brine waste produced during desalination may cause environmental pollution, which makes the entire process unsustainable and not environmentally friendly. Separation of pollutants using thermosensitive gels is reversible, has a low cost, and minimizes the generation of highly concentrated secondary waste. The presentation provides a comprehensive outlook of the recent efforts based on greener approaches used for separation technology using stimuli-responsive polymers and gels, which pave the way towards achieving sustainable and eco-friendly processes. Moreover, the potential use of polymer hydrogel adsorbents for alternating solutions for the selective recovery of rare metals or heavy metals from industrial wastewater and the recovery of several ions from geothermal wastes is presented. Additionally, the performance of anionic polymer as a flocculant in the flocculation–coagulation of sugarcane juice from the sugar factory will be described.
International Joint-Postgraduate Colloquium on Multidisciplinary Research Held on 14th December 2023 326 THE IMPORTANCE OF A MULTIDISCIPLINARY AND INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH TO DEVELOP RESEARCH AND KNOWLEDGE IN THE INDUSTRIAL ERA 4.0 Shine Pintor Siolemba Patiro Universitas Terbuka ABSTRACT In the current era, all the problems faced by humans cannot be solved with only one scientific discipline. Solutions must be multidisciplinary which can only be done through collaboration. Society experiences rapid, progressive social change, and often shows disintegrative symptoms. Rapid social change covers various areas of life, and problems for all social institutions, such as: industry, economy, government, associations and education. Beside that, the rapid development of world technology and civilization is directly proportional to the complexity of the problems which it causes. The problems which are facing the world today are global problems that require different handling from those that have been done before. Those are multi-sectoral problems and are related to each other. These complex problems can no longer be solved using just one discipline or approach, but by combining various scientific disciplines. There are four main issues regarding problems that are often discussed and require a multisectoral approach, namely: 1) Human aggression; 2) Harmonious distribution of resources; 3) Development of an anthropocentric worldview; and 4) Realization of human potential and empowerment through education. Therefore, knowing and understanding these things, the world of education is highly recommended to implement multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary collaborative education in order to gain knowledge that supports the development of science and its application in life both as individual beings and social beings as well. Keywords: multidisciplinary; interdisciplinary; collaboration; multisectoral
International Joint-Postgraduate Colloquium on Multidisciplinary Research Held on 14th December 2023 327 MEASURING THE NETWORK CAPACITY UTILIZATION, ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL INEFFICIENCY OF GLOBAL AIRLINES Kok Fong See School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia ABSTRACT While several studies have utilized carbon emissions to analyze airline performance, to the best of our knowledge, there have been limited studies simultaneously examining airline capacity utilization, energy consumption, and carbon emissions. The sample of this study comprises 33 global airlines in 2018. Our proposed model extends the two-stage network data envelopment analysis (DEA) model by adding a capacity utilization metric in a nonconvex metafrontier framework. The results show that there is no performance difference between alliance and nonalliance airline groups in terms of environmental and network capacity efficiencies. Two-thirds of the selected airlines operate inefficiently in terms of environmental efficiency, while 15 selected airlines experience inefficiencies in network capacity utilization. To reach the technology frontier, these airlines are required to scale their variable input to enhance their capacity outputs and mitigate carbon emissions. The results can serve as a guide for industry players and regulators to detect inefficiencies in the overall potential maximum capacity and the production technology constraints that affect energy consumption and carbon emissions.