Ngữ Văn 10 (Tập 1)

2. Ldp ddn y cho bdi trinh bdy
Thdi gian danh cho mdt ea nhan phat bieu khdng nhilu nen viec cdn nhdc,

ti'nh toan trinh bay nhfing ndi dung gi, theo each nao, thii tu ra sao, nhan manh
vao y ndo,... can dugc ghi lai mdt each eu the, ro rdng. Chinh vi the, viee lap dan y
la het siie can thiet: mdt mat nd bao dam cho viec trinh bay diing, dii, ham siic vl
ndi dung, mat khac nd giiip chiing ta chii ddng trong liic trinh bay.

Ddn y bdi trinh bay mdt van d l ciing tuong tu nhu dan y ctia mdt bdi van. Anh
(chi) da chpn dugc van d l trinh bay, bay gid can tien hdnh lap dan y. Hay thue
hien mdt sd viec eu the theo nhfing gpi y sau :

- De lam sang td van d l dugc lira chgn, can phdi trinh bay bao nhieu y ?
- Gdc y dd dugc trien khai thanh nhfing y nhd nao ?
- Sap xep cac y theo trinh tu nao cho hgp li ? Y ndo la trpng tam ciia bai

trinh bdy ?
- Chuan bi trudc nhfing cdu chao hdi, ket thuc, chuyen y vd du kien dieu

khien gipng dieu, cti chi khi ndi.

Ill - TRINH BAY

Khi trinh bay, can bdm sdt ddn y da chuan bi vd chti y cdc yeu cau ciia ngdn
ngtr ndi da dugc hpc trong phan Tie'ng Viet. Anh (chi) cd the tham khao mdt
sd ggi y sau :

1. Bat ddu trinh bdy
- Budc len diln dan nhu the ndo ? Gd nen vgi vang, ha'p tap trinh bdy ngay
khdng?
- Chdo cii toa vd tu gidi thieu (neu can) bdng nhung ldi le vd eir ehi nao ?

2. Trinh bdy noi dung chinh
- Bdt dau ndi dung thii nhat nhu the nao ?
- Lam the nao de chuyen y ttr ndi dung nay sang ndi dung khac ?
- Ngudi nghe cd phan iing nhu the nao ? Can dilu ehinh ndi dung, each ndi
va tu the, dieu bd cua minh ra sao ?

3. K6t thuc Vd cim an
- Tdm tdt, nhan manh mdt so y chinh.
- Gam on ngudi nghe.

149

GHI NHO

• KT nang trinh bay mgt van d l la mgt kl nang giao tie'p quan trgng trong
cugc sdng.

• Trudc khi trinh bay, cdn tim hieu trinh do, yeu cau, tam li, sd thich ciia nguai
nghe ; lua chgn ngi dung va lap dan y cho bai trinh bay. Cac buac trinh bay
thuang theo thir tu : chao hdi, tu gidi thieu, lan lugt trinh bay cae ngi dung
da djnh, ket thiic va cam on.

• De trinh bay dat hieu qua, cdn bao dam cac yeu cau eiia giao tiep khau ngtr
v l ngi dung, am thanh lai ndi, cd chi, dieu bg.

IV - LUYEN TAP

1. Dudi day la nhiing cau trich ttr ede bai trinh bay khdc nhau. Hay cho bie't mdi
eau tuong iing vdi phan ndo trong qua trinh trinh bay.
(1) Bdt ddu trinh bdy
(2) Trinh bdy ndi dung ehinh
(3) Chuyen qua ehii d l khac
(4) Tdm tdt va ket thtic ndi dung trinh bay
- Dd xem xet tdt cd ede phuong dn cd the cd, chung ta hdy chuyen sang
phdn tich nhting thudn lpi vd khd khdn cua timg phuong dn...
- Gid chung ta chuyen sang vdn di mdi trudng. Nhu cdc bqn dd biet,
eh ung ta dd tan luc de bdo ddm cdng viee xu li phe thdi...
- Tdi mudn ket thuc bdi ndi bdng cdch nhdc Iqi ddi diiu did niu lin luc
mdddu...
- Gid chung ta hdy di vdo ndi dung chu yeu cua di tdi. Thu nhdt...
- Chdo cdc bqn. Tdi rdt phdn khoi dupc den day phuc vu cdc bqn. Tdi tin Id...
- Chdo cdc bqn. Cdm on cdc bqn dd tdi ddy. Xin tu giai thieu, tdi tin Id...
ldm viec a ca quan.../ Cdng ti...
- Trude khi bdt ddu, cho phep tdi dupc ndi ddi diiu vi bdn thdn. Tdi dd
ldm viec 6 Cdng ti... trong... ndm...
- Gid tdi sdp kit thuc bdi ndi, vd den ddy, tdi mudn mdt ldn nUa luat qua
nhitng diem chinh dd niu...

150

2. Gia dinh dudi day la mdt sd dl tdi trong nhting cudc hdi thdo se dugc td chiic
d trudng. Anh (chi) hay du kien cae y cdn trinh bay cho mdi d l tdi.
a) Net thanh lich trong iing xti hdng ngdy.
b) Nghe thuat gay thien cam.
c) Than tugng ciia tudi hge trd.
d) Gifi gin mdi trudng xanh, sach, dep.
e) An todn giao thdng la hanh phiic ctia mdi ngudi.

3. Chpn mdt trong cdc d l tdi tren de chuan bi vd trinh bdy trudc ldp.

TRA BAI LAM VAN SO 3

Tham khao tiet Trd bdi ldm vdn sd 1.

151

LAP KE HOACH CA NHAN

K^TQUACANOAT-
Ndm dugc each lap ke hoach ca nhan.
Co thdi quen va co kT nang lap ke hoach
ca nhan.

I - SacAN THIET CUA VIEC LAP KE HOACH CA N H A N
Ke hoach cd nhan Id ban du kien ndi dung, each thiic hanh ddng va phan bd

thdi gian de hodn thdnh mdt cdng viec nhd't dinh. Lap dugc ke hoach ca nhan, ta
se hinh dung trudc cdc cdng viec can lam, phan phdi thdi gian hgp li de tranh hi
ddng hoac bd quen, bd sdt cdc cdng viec can lam. Bdi vay, bie't each va cd thdi
quen lap ke hoach cd nhdn la the hien mdt phong cdch lam viec khoa hgc, chu
ddng, bao dam eho cdng viee duge tien hdnh thuan lgi va dat ke't qua.

II - CACH LAP KE HOACH CA N H A N
Gia du, ehiing ta can lap ke hoach dn tap mdn Ngfi van de chuan bi thi bet

hgc ki 1. Hay ldn lugt tie'n hdnh nhfing cdng viec sau :
1. Dgc lai Muc luc a cud'i sach de nam dugc cae bdi Van, Tieng Viet va Lam van da

hpe vd se tiep tuc hodn thanh trong hpc ki I de xdc dinh ndi dung dn tap.
2. Phan bd thdi gian dn tap cae phan mdn Van, Tieng Viet, Lam van va tiep tue

hpe bdi mdi.
3. Viet ndi dung ke hoach thdnh van ban. Khi vie't, can chii y mdt sd diem sau day:

a) The thiie md dau ban ke hoach gdm nhiing gi ? Dugc trinh bay ra sao ?
b) Ndi dung ke hoach gdm may phdn ldn, cac phdn dd dugc trinh bay nhu

the ndo ?
c) Ldi van trinh bay ke hoach cd nhfing dilu gi edn luu y ?

152

GHI NHO.
• Ngoai tieu de, ban ke hoach ca nhan thudng cd hai phdn. Phan I neu hg ten,

nai lam viec, hgc tap ciia nguai viet (nlu lam ke hoach cho rieng minh thi
khdng CO phdn nay). Phan II neu ngi dung cong viec can lam, thdi gian, dja
diim va du kien kit qua dat dugc.
• Lai van can ngdn ggn, can thiet cd the ke bang.

Ill - LUYEN TAP
1. Van bdn dudi day cd phai la mdt ban ke hoach cd nhan hoan ehinh khdng ? Vi sao ?

Sdng
6gia: Ngu day.
6 gid - 6 gid 30: Tqp the due, vi sinh cd nhdn.
6 gia 30-7 gid: An sdng, sdp xip sdch va.
7 gid -11 gid: Di hoe.

Trua
11 gid 30-12 gid: An trua.
12 gid-12 gid30: Nghi trua.

Chieu
14 gid -17 gid: Hpc bdi.
17 gid -18 gid: Chai the thao.
18 gia -18 gid 30: An tdi.

Tdi
18 gid -19 gia 30: Xem vd tuydn.
19 gid 30 - 22 gid 30: Hoc bdi.
22 gid30 - 23 gid: Vi sinh cd nhdn, chudn bi di ngu.

2. Sau day Id ke hoach chuan bi Dai hdi Dodn Thanh nien Gdng san Ho Ghi Minh
cua mdt ban Bi thu Chi doan. Bdn ke hoach nay cdn qua sa sai, anh (chi) hay
trao dpi de giiip ban hoan thien ban ke hoach dd.

153

KE HOACH CHUAN BI DAI H O I
CHI DOAN THANH NIEN C O N G SAN HO CHI MINH
Hp vd tin: Nguyin Thi Thu - Bi thu Chi dodn.
Npi dung cdng viec:
- Vidt du thdo bdo cdo, du kii'n npi dung vd cdch thiic tien hdnh dqi hpi.
- Thdng qua bdo cdo vai Dodn trudng vd xin y kien eua cd chu nhiim.
- Td chiic hpp Ban chdp hdnh Chi dodn md rpng de phdn cdng chudn bidg,i hoi
Then gian: Hodn thdnh truoc khi dai hpi.

3. Mdt ban trong ldp mud'n tham gia khoa ddo tao tin hpe do nha trudng td ehiic.
Sa bd eae cdng viec dugc du kien nhu sau :
- Ghi ten dang ki du khoa hgc.
- Sdp xep thdi gian bieu hgp h de viec hgc nghe khdng anh hudng den
chuong trinh hgc tap chinh khoa.
- Thue hoac nhd mdy vl tinh de luyen tap them.
Anh (chi) hay giiip ban trinh bay ban ke hoach cd nhan cua minh.

154

,DOC THEM

LCfljTHO HAI-CV CUA BA-SO

TIEU DAN

Ma-su-6 Ba-sd (Matsuo Basho, 1644 - 1694) la nha tho
hang dau ciia Nhat Ban. Ong sinh ra d U'e-nd, xii I-ga (nay
la tinh Mi-e) trong mpt gia dinh vo si cap thap. Khoang nam
28 tudi, dng chuyen de'n E-dd (nay la Td-ki-6), sinh sdng va
lam tho hai-cu vdi but hieu la Ba-sd (Ba Tieu). Mudi nam
cudi ddi, Ba-sd lam nhiing cudc du hanh dai di hau khdp da't
nudc, vira di vira vie't du ki va sang tac tho hai-cu. Ong tnit
hoi thd cudi cfing d 0-sa-ka. Tac pham ciia Ba-sd : Du ki
Phai thdn dong noi (1685), Dodn vdn trong ddy (1688), Cdnh
dong hoang (1689), v4o tai chofc^f(1691), va ndi tieng nha't la
Ldi len mien 6-ku (1689)... Ngoai Ba-sd, d Nhat Ban cdn cd
nhieu nha tho hai-cu ndi tieng khac nira nhu : Y. Bu-sdn
(1716 - 1783), K. it-sa (1763 - 1827), M. Si-ki (1867 - 1902),...

So vdi cac the loai tho khac tren the gidi, tho hai-cu cd sd Chan dung thi si Ba-sd
tir vao loai it nha't, chi cd 17 am tie't (hoac hon mpt chiit), (Tranh cua thi sT- hoa si
dupc ngdt ra lam 3 doan theo thii tu thudng la 5 - 7 - 5 am
tiet. Tie'ng Nhat da am tiet, nen 17 am tiet ay thuc ra chi cd Bu-sdn)
may tir. Mdi bai tho hai-cu deu cd mdt tir tho nhat dinh,
thudng chi ghi lai mpt phong canh vdi vai su vat cu the, trong
mdt thdi diem nha't dinh de tir dd khoi gpi len mpt xiic cam,
mdt suy tu nao dd. Thdi diem trong tho dupc xac dinh theo
mtia qua quy tdc sir dung "quy ngir" (ttr chi miia). Tho hai-cu
tham dim tinh than Thien tdng va tinh than van hoa phuong
Ddng ndi chung. Hai-cu thudng the hien con ngudi va van
vat ndm trong md'i quan he khang kbit vdi mpt cai nhin nha't
the hoa. Nhirng hien tupng cua tu nhien nhu am thanh, mau

sdc, anh sang, mui huong,... deu cd su tucmg giao va chuyen hoa lan nhau, Uong mpt quy luat
Idn lao va bi an cua tu nhien. Cam thiic tham mi cua hai-cu cd nhiing net rat rieng, rat cao va
rat tinh te : de cao cai Vdng lang, Don so, U huyen, Mem mai, Nhe nhang,... Ve ngdn ngir, hai-cu
khdng dimg nhieu tinh tir va ttang tir de cu the hoa su vat. Nhu mdt btrc ttanh thuy mac, hai-cu
thudng chi dting nhirng net cham pha, chi gpi chii khdng ta, chira rat nhieu khoang udng cho
tti tudng tupng ciia ngudi dpc. Cimg vdi nghe thuat vudn canh, hoa dao, tra dao, hpi hoa, tieu
thuyet,... tho hai-cu la mdt ddng gdp ldn cua Nhat Ban vao kho tang van hoa nhan loai.

155

VAN BAN Da't khdch mudi miia suong
1. vl tham que ngodnh lai
2. E-dd la cd huong'''.
3.
4. Ghim dd quyen hdt
5. oKinhdd
6. ma nhd Kinh dd'^'.
7.
8. Le tido ndng hoi
tan tien tay tdc me
lan suong thu'^'.

Tieng vugn hii nao n l
hay tieng tie bi bd rai**' than khdc ?
gid mua thu tai te.

Mua ddng giang day ttdi
chii khi eon tham udc
cd mdt chiec do toi.

Ttr bdn phuang ttdi xa
cdnh hoa dao la ta
ggn sdng hd Bi-oa'^'.

vdng lang u ttam
tham sdu vao da
tie'ng ve ngam'^'.

Nam benh gifia eude lang du
mdng hdn cdn phieu bat
nhfing canh ddng hoang vu''^'.

DOAN LE GIANG dich

(1) Que Ba-sd d Mi-e, dng len E-dd (Td-ki-d ngay nay) d dupc mudi nSm mdi ve tham lai qu6.
Nhung di rdi lai thay nhd E-dd, thay fi-dd than thiet nhu que huong minh.

(2) Ba-sd d Kinh dd (Ki-d-td) thdi tt^ (1666 - 1672), rdi chuyen den E-dd. Hai muoi nam sau dng
ttd 1^ Ki-d-td, nghe tieng chim dd quyen hdt ma viet nen bai tho nay.

(3) Ba-sd ve que, me da mai. Ngudi anh dua cho dng di vat cdn lai cua me la mdt md tdc bac.
(4) Ngay xua, ngudi ndng dan Nhat Bin rat ngheo, vao nhirng nam ddi k6m, cd khi ngudi ta phii

bd con vao rimg vi khdng nudi ndi.
(5) Ho Bi-oa (Ti Ba hd): hd Idn nhat Nhat Ban, ttdng gidng nhu hinh cay dan ti ba, rat dep, ndm b

trung tam tinh Si-ga, gan que cua Ba-sd.
(6) Bai tho cd Uen tirdng Id la, the hien su tuong giao mau nhiem giua cam giac, am thanh va

vat the.
(7) Day la bai tho Ba-sd lam trudc khi mat.

156

HirOTNG D A N DOC THEM

1. Tmh cam than thiet cua nhd tho vdi thdnh phd E-dd vd ndi nilm hodi cam
vl Kinh dd Ki-6-td dep de day ki niem dugc the hien qua cac bai 1 vd 2 nhu
the nao ?

2. Tinh cam ciia tdc gia dd'i vdi me, vdi mdt em be bi bd roi the hien trong cac
bai 3, 4 nhu the ndo ? Hinh dnh trong cdc bai tha dd mo hd, md do ra sao ?

3. Qua bai 5, anh (chi) cam nhan duge ve dep gi trong tdm hdn nhd tho ?
4. Mdi tuong giao gifia cdc su vat hien tugng trong vfi tru dugc the hien nhu the

ndo ttong cac bai 6, 7 ? Hinh tugng tha dep, thti vi d chd ndo ?
5. Khat vgng dugc sd'ng, duge tiep tuc lang du cua Ba-sd duge the hien nhu the

nao trong bai 8 ?
6*. Tim "quy ngii" vd cdm thiic tham ml vl cdi Vdng lang, Don sa, U huyin trong

cae bdi 6, 7, 8.

157

(^DOQOCCTTHHEEMM.^ LAU H O A N G HAC THOI HIEU

LCQU {Hodng Hqc ldu)

TIEU DAN

Thdi Hieu (704 - 754) que d Bien Chau (nay la thanh phd Khai Phong, tinh Ha Nam,
Trung Qudc). Duong thdi, Thdi Hieu rat ndi tie'ng ; nay tho ciia dng chi cdn lai hon 40 bai.
Trong do, Ldu Hodng Hoc dugc coi la mdt trong nhirng bai tho hay nhat thdi Dudng.

Ldu Hoang Hac ngay nay tai tinh Ho Bdc, Trung Qudc
158

Phiin dm Tich nhan di thtra hoang hac khii,
Thii dia khdng du Hoang Hac lau.
Hoang hac nha't khir bat phuc phan,
Bach van thien tdi khdng du du.
Tinh xuyen lich lich Han Duong thu,
Phuang thao the the Anh Vfi chdu.
Nhat md huong quan ha xii thi ?
Yen ba giang thugng sii nhan sau.

Dich nghia Ngudi xua da cuoi hac vang bay di'^^
Noi day ehi edn tra lai lau Hoang Hac.
Hac vang mdt khi da bay di, khdng bao gid trd lai.
May trdng ngdn nam edn bay choi voi.
Hang cay dat Han Duong'^) phan chie'u ro mdn mdt

tten ddng sdng tanh,
Tren bai Anh Vu'^' cd thom mon mdn xanh tuoi.
Chilu tdi [tu hdi] dau la que huong ?
Khdi vd sdng tren sdng khien cho ngudi budn.

Dich tha

Ban dich thii nhd't:

Hqc vdng ai cudi di ddu,
Md day Hodng Hqc riing ldu cdn tra.

Hqc vdng di mdt tU xua,
Nghin ndm mdy trdng bdy gid cdn bay.

Hdn Duong sdng tanh cdy bdy,
Bdi xaAnh Vu xanh ddy cd non.

Qui huang khudt bdng hodng hdn,
Trin sdng khdi sdng cho budn long ai ?

TAN DA dich
{ThaDudng, tap I, Sdd)

(1) Truyen thuyet ndi rdng, xua Phi Van Vi tir mdt mdm niii ben sdng Trudng Giang cudi hac vang
len tien. Ngudi ddi sau gpi mdm nui nay la Hoang Hac Co va dung lau Hoang Hac de ki niem
su tich ay.

(2) Hdn Duang: mdt dia diem ben sdng Trudng Giang.
(3) Anh Vu : ten mpt cai cdn tren sdng Trudng Giang.

159

Ban dich thti hai:

Ai cudi hqc vdng di mdt hut,
Tro ldu Hodng Hqc chdn ndy thdi!
Hqc vdng mdt da di, di biit,
Mdy trdng ngdn ndm bay choi vai.
Sdng tqnh Hdn Duong cdy sdng Ung,
Cd therm Anh Vu bdi xanh ngdi.
Hodng hdn vi dd, qui ddu td ?
Khdi sdng trin sdng ndo dq ngudi.

KHUOWG H O U DIJNG dich
{Tha Duong, tap l.skd)

HU^G DAN DOC THEM

1. Nhan d l bai tha Id Lau Hodng Hqc nhung ngodi su xac dinh vi tri ciia lau
Hodng Hac d "noi day", toan bai khdng ndi gi vl "lau" ca. Vay thi dung y eua
tdc gid la gi ?

2. Ta't cd canh diu dep, sao lai "khien ngudi budn" ?

3. Gd ngudi cho rdng ed the nit gpn bdi tha nay thdnh mdt cau "Tich nhan khii...
su (kun) nhdn sau" (ngudi xua da di... khien ngudi (nay) budn). Lai cd ngudi
eho rdng: "Bai tha 56 chfi thi 55 chfi trudc la budc chuan bi cho mdt chii "sau"
dau xud'ng, ket dpng ttong tam". Anh (chi) nhat tri vdi y kien nao ? Vi sao ?

4. Hpc thudc bdi tha (phan phien dm vd dieh tha).

160

liaJ.DDOOCCTTHHEEMM^. l i O l O A N CUA N G U O I VUOfNG XUOfNG LINH
PHONG KHUi '
{Khue odn)

TIEU DAN

Vuong Xuong Linh (698 ? - 757), tu la Thieu Ba, que d Trudng An (nay la thanh phd Tay An,
tinh Thiem Tay, Trung Qudc). Ong la mpt ttong nhirng nha tho ndi tie'ng thdi Thinh Dudng.
ThoVuong Xuong Linh hien cdn 186 bai, ttong dd dac sdc nhat la tho that ngdn myet cii (tii tuyet).

Tho Vuong Xuong Linh thudng de cap de'n cupc sdng cua tudng si noi bien cuong, ndi oan
hdn cua ngudi cung nii, ndi li sau bi$t han cua ngudi thieu phu khue cac, tinh bdng hiru chan
thanh, trong sang..., ve de tai nao ciing cd nhiing kiet tac. Phong each tho Vuong Xuong Linh
trong tteo, tinh te, thanh tan, dugc ngudi ddi rat ham md.

VAN BAN Khue trung thieu phu bat tri sau,
Xudn nhat ngung trang thudng thuy ldu.
Phiin dm Hdt kien mach dau duong liiu sac,
Hdi giao phu te mich phong hau.
Dich nghia
Ngudi dan bd tre noi phdng khue khdng biet budn,
Ngdy xuan trang diem ldng ldy, budc len ldu dep.
Chgt thay sdc [xudn] eiia cay duong hlu'^' dau dudng,
Hdi ban da de chdng di [tdng quan lap cdng, lam quan]

kiem tudc hau'^'!

(1) Phdng khue : phdng cua phu nir quy tdc ngay xua, cOng dting de chi phdng cua phu nir
ndi chung.

(2) Mdu duang liiu : mau cua mua xuan va tudi tre, gpi len khat vpng hanh phuc. Xua d
Trung Qudc, mdi khi chia tay, ngudi d l^i be mdt canh duong lifiu tang cho ngudi ra di de bieu
thi ndi niem luu luyen. Hinh anh "canh duong li6u", "mau duong liiu" hay ddng tac "be ligu"...
vi the da trd thanh hinh inh udc le, tuong trung cho su li biet. 6 day, ngudi thieu phu thay mau
duong lifiu ma nhd de'n ngudi chdng dang ra tran de "tim kiem tudc hau".

(3) Kiem tudc hdu : thdi phong kien, be tdi lap dupc cdng ldn (thudng la chien cdng) thi dupc
vua phong tudc hau. O day, ngudi chdng di tim kiem tudc hau cd nghia la di ra Iran lap cdng
de dupc phong tudc hau. Khue odn dupc sang tac vao thdi thinh vupng cua nha Dudng,
cac cudc chien tranh phan ldn la de md mang bd cdi (chang han : ngudi linh trong bai Binh
xa hdnh (Bai ca ice tran) cua Dd Phii da ndi: "Ngoai bien mau chdy thanh bien do - Md cdi
nha vua y chua bd"...).

e.NGirvAN 10/1-A 161

Dich tha
Ban dich thti nhd't

Tre trung ndng biet chi sdu,
Ngdy xudn trang diem lin ldu ngdm gucmg.

Nhdc trdng ve liiu bin dudng,
"Phong hdu", nghi dqi, xui chdng kiem chi I

TANDAdich,
{Tha Duong, tap 1, Sdd)

Ban dich thii hai:

Thieu phu phdng khui chdng biet sdu,
Ngdy xudn chdi chudt, budc lin ldu.
Ddu dudng choi thdy mdu duang liiu,
Hdi de chdng di kiem tudc hdu.

NGUYfiN KHAC PHI dich
(Cd tiiam khio ban dich cua TRAN TRONG SAN,

ThaDudng, quyen I, Bdc Dau, Sai Gdn, 1966)

HUlOrNGDAN DOC THEM

1. Anh (ehi) cd nhan xet gi vl nghe thuat cau tii cua bai tha the hien qua qua trinh
chuyen bien tam ttang cua ngudi khue phu ?

2. Vi sao khi thay "mdu ducmg Ulu" nang lai hdi han vi da de chong di kiem
tudc hau ?

3. Vi sao chi vdi 28 chfi, bai Khui odn lai dugc coi la bai tha tieu bieu cho tinh than
phan dd'i chien ttanh phi nghia ciia con ngudi thdi Dudng ?

4. Hgc thudc bai tha (phan phien dm va dich tha).

1 cp

6.NG0 VAN 10/1-B

jO/OpOCCTTHHEEMM^. K H E C H I M K E U VUPNG DUY

LCQj {Dieu minh gidn)

TIEU D A N

Vuong Duy (701 - 761) tir la Ma Cat, que d da't Ki, Thai Nguyen (nay thudc tinh Son Tay,
Tmng Qudc). Tuy sudt ddi lam quan nhung Vuong Duy thudng sd'ng nhu mdt an si. Ong siing
tin dao Phat, tho mang dam y vi Thien nen ngudi ddi gpi dng la "Thi Phat".

Vuong Duy cung vdi Manh Hao Nhien la dai bieu ciia phai tho son thuy (tho lay thien
nhien lam de tai) thdi Thinh Dudng. Tho Vuong Duy hien cdn hon 400 bai, vdi phong each
tinh te, trang nha. Vuong Duy cdn la mdt nhac si, mdt nha thu phap, dac biet la mot hoa si
ndi tieng. Nha thoTd Ddng Pha thdi Tdng ndi rdng: "Thudng thirc tho Ma Cat, thay trong tho
cd hoa, xem hoa Ma Cat, thay trong hoa cd tho".

VAN BAN Nhan nhan que hoa lae,
Phiin dm Da tinh xudn son khdng.
Nguyet xuat kinh son dieu,
Dich nghia Thdi minh tai gian trung.

Ngudi nhan, hoa que rung,
Dem yen tInh, non xudn vang khdng.
Trang len lam chim mil giat minh,
Thinh thoang cat tieng keu trong khe sud'i.

163

Dich tha
Ban dieh thii nhd't;

Ngudi nhdn hoa que nhe rai.
Dim xudn ldng ngdt trdi doi vdng tanh.

Trdng lin, chim nui gidt minh,
Tii'ng kiu thung thdng dua quanh khe doi.

NGO TAT TO dich
{ThaDudng, tap I, Sdd)

Ban dich thii hai:

Ngudi nhdn hoa que rung.
Dim xudn nui vdng teo.
Trdng lin chim nui hdi.
Dual khe chdc chdc kiu.

TUONG NHU dich
{ThaDuong, tap \, Sdd)

HU^G DAN Dpc THEM

1. Cay que cdnh la sum se nhung hoa rat nhd. Nhd tha cam nhan dugc hoa que
roi. Chi tiet ay eho thay dilu gi vl canh dem xudn va tam hdn thi si ?

2. Md'i quan he giiia dpng va Unh, hinh vd dm duge the hien nhu the nao ttong
bai tha?

164

CAC HiNH THVC KET CAU
CUA VAN BAN THUYET MINH

KET QUA CAN OAT -
• Ndm duge cac hinh thirc kit eau eiia van ban

thuyet minh.
• Xay dung dugc ket eau cho van ban phii hgp

vai ddi tuang thuyet minh.
V^

Van thuyet minh nhdm gidi thieu, trinh bdy chinh xde, khdch quan vl ca'u tao,
tinh chat, quan he, gid tri,... cua mdt su vat, hien tugng, mdt van dl thudc tu
nhien, xa hdi va con ngudi. Gd nhilu loai van ban thuyet minh. Gd loai chii yeu
trinh bay, gidi thieu nhu thuyet minh mdt tac pham, mdt di tich lich sii, mdt
phuang phap. Lai cd loai thien vl mieu ta su vat, hien tugng vdi nhiing hinh anh
sinh ddng, giau tinh hinh tugng. Dudi day chii yeu ndi vl loai van ban thuye't
minh thien vl trinh bay, gidi thieu.

I - KET CAU CUA VAN BAN THUYET MINH
Ket cau van bdn la su td chiic, sdp xep cac thdnh td ciia van ban thanh mdt don

vi thdng nha't, hodn chinh, cd y nghia. Ngudi viet cd the chgn cac hinh thtic ket
cau khac nhau nhung dti cdch nao cfing phai phu hpp vdi md'i lien he ben trong
cua cdc ddi tugng, quan he giua dd'i tugng vdi mdi trudng xung quanh vd qua trinh
nhan thiie eua con ngudi.

Dpc cdc van ban sau va thuc hien nhfing yeu cau neu d dudi.

165

H O I T H O I COM THI 6 DONG VAN

6 xa Dong Thdp huyen Dan Phugng cd lang Dong Van ben ddng sdng Day.
Nhan ddn sinh sd'ng bdng cay liia, ttdng mau va cd nghl dan lat ro ra. Hdng nam,
cti den ngdy rdm thdng gieng, ldng Dong Van thudng md hdi rude nudc, hdt cheo
vd thdi cam thi. Hdi thdi cam thi d day cd nhieu net ddc ddo vl quy trinh lay liia
cfing nhu each nd'u, dam mdu sdc hai hudc dan gian.

Ngudi du thi dugc tuyen chgn ttr cac xdm trong lang. Bdt dau vao hdi thi, ttdng
chieng diem ba hdi, cac ddi hinh du thi xep hang trang nghiem lam ll dang huong
trudc cira dinh de tudng nhd vi thanh hodng lang ed cdng ciiu dan, dp qudc. Hdi
thi bdt dau bdng viec lay liia tten ngpn cay chudi eao. Khi tieng ttdng hieu vtra diit,
bdn thanh nien ciia bdn dpi nhanh thoan thodt leo len than cay chudi rat tton vi
da bdi ma. Gd ngudi leo len, tut xudng, lai leo len,... Gd ngudi phai bd cudc, ngudi
khdc lai leo len, quang canh het siie vui nhdn. Khi lay dugc nen hucmg mang
xud'ng, ban td chue phdt cho ba que diem cham vao huong chdy thanh ngpn lua.
Ngudi ttong dpi vdt mdnh tte gia thdnh nhiing dua bdng cham lua va dot vdo
nhfing ngpn dude. Trong khi dd, ngudi ttong nhdm du thi nhanh tay gia thdc, gian
sang thdnh gao, lay nudc va bdt dau thdi com. Nhfing ndi com nho nhd tteo dudi
nhiing cdnh eong hinh cdnh cung dugc cdm rat kheo leo ttr day lung udn ve trudc
mat. Tay cam can, tay cam dude dung dua cho dnh lira bap bfmg. Gde dpi thdi
com dan xen nhau udn lugn tten san dinh ttong su cd vfi ndng nhiet cua ngudi
xem hdi.

Khoang sau mdt gid ruoi, nhiing ndi com lan lupt dugc dem trinh trudc cua
dinh. Ban gidm khao md ndi com cham theo ba tieu chuan : gao ttdng, com deo
vd khdng cd com chay. Gac ndi com dugc danh sd iing vdi ngudi du thi de giii hi
mat vdi ban gian;i khao. Cudc thi nao cfing hdi hop vd viec giat giai da trd thanh
nilm tu hao khd cd gi sdnh ndi ddi vdi dan lang.

Hdi thdi com thi d Ddng Van la sinh boat van hod cd truyin dugc bdt
ngudn ttr cdc cudc tray quan ddnh giac ctia ngudi Viet co ben ddng sdng Day
xua. Hdi thi la dip trai trang trong lang dua tai khoe manh, thdng minh khi lay
liia, la dip gai ldng the hien ban tay kheo leo de cd com deo tiep binh luomg.
Hdi cdn vang len nhfing trdn cudi hdn nhien, sang khoai eiia ngudi ndng dan
sau nhfing ngay lao ddng met nhpc. Vdi nhfing net dae sdc ciia minh, hdi thoi
com thi Ddng Van da gdp phan gifi gin va phat huy nhfing net dep cd truyen
trong sinh boat van hod hien dai hdm nay.

{Theo Minh Nhuong)

166

BUOI PHUC TRACH

Tren cdc miin hoa trai nudc ta, cd bdn loai budi ndi tieng : budi
Doan Hung d Phii Thp, budi do Me Linh d Vinh Phiic, budi Long Thdnh
d Ddng Nai vd budi Phiic Trach d Ha Tinh. Ngudi sanh nhin hinh dang
qud da cd the biet dugc budi vung ndo. Neu dting la budi Phiic Trach thi
qua khdng trdn, dinh qua khdng dd ra, ddng hoi det dau cudng vd dau
num. Vd anh dnh mdu vdng min, khdng bi rd. Ndng tren ldng ban tay,
vd tham vao da mdt cam giac mdt me va thoang thoang huong thom.
Ghi dung ngdn tay trd an nhe vao vd, xung quanh noi an mau vd sdng
len va h ti hien ra mdt ldp tinh dau ma hd thodng mui huong diu diu,...

Vd budi Phfic Trach mdng chfi khdng ddy nhu nhilu loai budi khdc.
Gam con dao sdc, gpt nhe, mdu hdng ddo trdi len min mdng nhu ma cd
gdi day thi. Gpt sdu vao mdt chut nfia, edi mdu hdng ddo ay cdng dam
hon, cang ddm thdm hon. Cudi eung, dl mfii dao len dinh qua rach dpc
xudng miii chia thanh nhilu phan diu dan, rdi dung tay bde,... Nhfing
miii budi hien ra mdt mau hdng quyen ru. Tdch ra tiing mtii, tep budi
chen chiic nhau mpng len day dp huong vi ha'p dan,... DI nhien la vi ciia
nd khdng cay the, khdng chua nhung cfing khdng ngpt dam, md ngpt
thanh. Gang an cang thich. An nhilu khdng chdn.

Chang may ai dung budi cho ngudi dm an, ma thudng ddng cam. Ay
the ma d Ha Tinh, ngudi ta cd mua cho duge budi Phiic Trach khi trong
nhd cd ngudi dm dau... Gia nua tuoi tdc, ngudi met mdi, mieng khd,
dugc an mtii budi Phiic Trach cam thay tinh tao, dl chiu,... Trong khdng
chiin chdng Phap vd chd'ng MI, thuong binh duge uu tien danh phan
budi. Gd cd gai vugt mil hang chue ki-ld-met ehi edt mang cho dugc
may qua budi den mdt tram qudn y. Gdc anh bd ddi qua lang, nghi chdn
dudi gdc da, may ba me ganh nudc che xanh va mang budi ra tiep. Vi
ngpt thanh ciia budi lam tieu tan ndi met nhpc tren dudng hdnh qudn.

Trude Gach mang thang Tdm, loai qua nay ed dem ban d Hdng Kdng
va theo Viet kilu sang Pa-ri dugc ngudi Phdp ua thich. Nam 1938 trong
mdt cudc thi "Hoa thom qua ngpt", budi Phiic Trach dugc tang dao sdc
vd kem theo mdt sd tiln thudng. Ban gidm khao xep vdo hang "Qua
ngon xir Ddng Duong".

(Vd van True, tap chi Tia sdng, sd Xuan 1998)

167

Yeu cau:
a) Xac dinh dd'i tugng va miic dich thuyet minh cua ttmg van ban.
b) Tim eae y chinh tao thanh ndi dung thuyet minh cua ttmg van bdn.
c) Phdn tieh cdch sdp xep cac y ttong ttmg van ban. Giai thich ca sd cua each

sdp xep ay.

d) Neu cae hinh thiic ket cau chu yeu eua van ban thuyet minh.

GHI NHO .

Khi viet bai van thuyet minh, ed the lua chgn nhilu hinh thirc ket cau
khac nhau :

- Theo trinh tu thdi gian : trinh bay su vat theo qua trinh hinh thanh, van ddng
va phat triln.

- Theo trinh tu khong gian : trinh bay su vat theo td chirc vdn cd ciia nd (ben
tren ben dudi, ben trong ben ngoai hoac theo trinh t u quan sat).

- Theo trinh tu logic : trinh bay su vat theo eae mdi quan he khdc nhau
(nguyen nhan - ket qua, chung - rigng, liet ke cac mat, cae phuang dien,...).

- Theo trinh tu hdn hgp : tnnh bay su vat vdi su ket hgp n h i l u trinh tu
khac nhau.

ir-LUYEN TAP

1. Ne'u can thuyet minh bai Td long {Thudt hodi) ciia Pham Ngfi Lao, anh (ehi)
dinh chgn hinh thiic ket ca'u nao ?

2. Neu phai thuyet minh mdt di tich, mdt thdng canh cua dat nudc thi anh (chi)
se gidi thieu nhiing ndi dung nao ? Sdp xep chiing ra sao ?

168

LAP DAN Y BAI VAN THUYET M I N H

KET QUA CAN OAT-
Van dung nhirng kien thirc da hpc v l van thuyet
minh va kT nang lap dan y de lap dugc dan y
cho mgt bai van thuyet minh cd de tai gan gui,
quen thuge.
^

I - DAN Y BAI VAN THUYET MINH

1. Hay nhac lai bd cue ba phan eiia mdt bai ldm van vd nhiem vu eiia mdi phdn.
2. Bd cue ba phan cua mdt bdi ldm van ed phti hpp vdi dae diem eiia van thuyet

minh khdng ? Vi sao ?
3. So vdi phan md bdi va phdn ket bdi ciia mdt bdi van tu su thi phdn md bdi vd

phan ket bdi cua mdt bdi van thuyet minh cd nhiing diem tuong ddng vd khdc
biet ndo ?
4. cac trinh tu sdp xep y (cho phdn than bai) ke dudi day cd phti hpp vdi yeu cau
ctia mdt bdi van thuyet minh khdng ? Vi sao ?
- Trinh tu thdi gian (ttr trudc den nay,...).
- Trinh tu khdng gian (ttr gan de'n xa, ttr trong ra ngodi, ttr tren xudng dudi,...).
- Trinh tu nhan thtic eiia con ngudi (ttr quen den la, ttr d l tha'y den khd thay,...).
- Trinh tu chiing minh - phan bde (hoac phan bac - chiing minh).

II - LAP DAN Y BAI VAN THUYET M I N H
Anh (chi) duge giao viet mdt bai van thuyet minh de gidi thieu vol ngudi dgc

ve mdt danh nhdn van hod, mdt tac gia van hpc hoac mdt nhd khoa hpc ma anh
(chi) yeu thich va da tim hieu kl.

De ed the hodn thdnh td't nhiem vu dd, anh (ehi) hay lan lugt lam nhfing
cdng viec sau day:

169

Xac djnh de tai
Anil (ehi) se viet bdi thuyet minh de gidi thieu vl ai nhdm dam bdo dugc cac
yeu eau neu d dl bai:

- Dd la mdt danh nhan van hod.

- Dd Id ngudi ma anh (ehi) yeu thich va da tim hieu kl.

Chdng ban, cd the tim vd xdc dinh d l tai theo nhiing hudng sau :
- Nam 2005 la nam mang ten nhd bdc hpe Anh-xtanh. Cd the tim hieu de viet

bdi vl nha khoa hpe vT dai nay.
- Anh (chi) da vi yeu thieh ma tun hieu ki vl eude ddi va su nghiep van chuang

eua cac van nhan, hay vie't bdi gidi thieu mdt ttong nhiing van nhdn dd.

Lap ddn y

a) Md bai: Hay suy nghi xem, anh (chi) can lam gi de :

- Neu dugc de tdi bdi viet (gidi thieu vl danh nhan ndo, tde gia, hoac nhd khoa
hge nao).

- Cho ngudi dgc nhan ra kieu van ban cua bai lam (thuyet minh ehii khdng
phai mieu ta, tir su, bieu cam hay nghi luan).

- Thu hiit sir ehii y eua ngudi dpc dd'i vdi d l tai (thay dupc dd la mdt danh
nhdn, mdt tdc gid, mdt nhd khoa hpe,... rat can duge tim hieu, rat can
bietro).

b) Than bdi

- Tim y, chpn y : Can cung cap cho ngudi dpc nhfing tri thtic ndo ? Nhfing tri
thtrc ay cd chuan xdc, khoa hpe vd dii de gidi thieu ro danh nhan hay tdc gia,
nhd khoa hpe,... duge gidi thieu khdng ?

- Sdp xip y: Can bd tri cdc y da tim duge theo he thdng ndo de ed the gidi thieu
duge ranh mach vd ttdi chdy ?

Chang han, anh (chi) da quyet dinh viet bai thuye't minh de gidi thieu danh
nhan Chu Van An, mdt ngudi thay tai diic ven toan. Anh (ehi) thay cd the {hay
khdng the) chpn each sdp xep y ndo ttong cac each dudi day:

- Cdch thU nhdt: Ldn lugt thuyet minh vl cudc ddi va su nghiep cua Chu Van
An qua eae giai doan:
+ Thdi ki day hge d que nhd.
+ Thdi ki lam quan.
+ Thai ki ttr quan vl d an tai mil Phugng Son.

170

- Cdch thu hai : Lan lugt thuyet minh vl than the vd su nghiep eiia
Ghu Van An:
+ Cudc ddi Ghu Van An ttr khi sinh ra cho tdi khi qua ddi.
+ Su nghiep eiia Ghu Van An : tam guong sang vl tdi nang vd due dp.

c) Ket bai: Anh (ehi) can ldm gi de :
- Trd lai dugc Ae tdi cua bdi thuyet minh.
- Lim lai nhiing suy nghi va cam xiic lau bin trong ldng ddc gia.

GHI NHO ,

Oe viec lap dan y eho bai van thuyet minh dat ket qua td't, can phai :
- Ndm virng eae kien thirc v l dan y va kT nang lap dan y.
- Cd day dii nhirng tri thirc can thiet va chuan xac ve de tai cdn thuyet minh.
- Tim duge each sdp xep nhirng tri thire dd thanh mdt he thdng hgp li, chat che.

Ill - LUYEN TAP

Lap dan y cho cac bai van thuyet minh sau:
1. Gidi thi^u mdt tdc gia van hpc.
2. Gidi thieu mdt tam guong hpe tdt.
3. Gidi thieu mdt phong ttao ciia trudng (hoac ctia ldp) minh.
4. Trinh bay mdt quy trinh san xuat (hoac cdc bude eiia mdt qua trinh hpc tap).

171

mOOC THEM

CHU VAN AN - NHA SU PHAM MAU MUC

[...] Ghu Van An ten chfi la Linh Triet, ten hieu'" la Tilu An, ngudi lang
Van Thdn, xa Quang Liet, huyen Thanh Dam (nay la huyen Thanh Tri, Ha Npi),
sinh nam Nham Thin (1292) vd mat nam Ganh Tud't (1370).

Ghu van An ttr hdi cdn tre da ndi tieng la mdt ngudi cuong true, sua minh trong
sach, gifi tiet thao, khdng cau danh lpi, ehi d nhd dpc sach. Sau khi thi dd Thai hpc
sinh, dng khdng ra lam quan, ma trd vl md trudng day hpc d que nha. Hpc trd
nhilu noi tim den theo hpe rat ddng. Trong sd mdn de'^' ctia dng cd rat nhilu
ngudi thanh dat, thi dd, lam quan to trong ttilu nhu Pham Su Manh, Le Qudt,...
Tinh nghiem nghi, tu edeh thanh eao va hpe van sdu rdng lam cho danh tidng cua
dng ngdy cdng lan xa, hpe trd den theo hpc ngay cang nhilu va cd du cac loai.
Tuong truyin ttong so dd cd ca Than nudc theo hpc, sau giiip dan trtr ban ban.

Den ddi vua Tran Minh Tdng, dng dugc mdi vao lam tu nghiep'^^ d Qudc Tu
Gidm de day thai tir hgc. Qng da cung vdi Mac Dinh Ghi, Pham Su Manh, Nguyin
Trung Ngan tham gia vdo cdng viee cdng ed ttilu dinh liie dd dang di vao con
dudng sUy thodi. Den ddi Du Tdng, chinh su cang thdi ndt, bgn gian than noi len
khdp noi. Ghu Van An nhilu ldn can ngan Du Tdng khdng duge, ben dang sd xin
chem bay ke ninh than diu la ngudi quyin the dugc vua yeu. Dd la Thdt trdm so
ndi tieng trong lich su. Nha vua khdng nghe, dng ben tteo mfi bd quan vl d an tai
mil Phugng Son thudc lang Kiet Ddc, huyen Chi Linh, tinh Hdi Duong, lay hieu la
Tilu An (ngudi d an di hai cui). Sau dng mat tai dd.

Theo thu tieh cii thi Ghu Van An viet nhilu sach, dng da de lai cho ddi sau cac
tde pham : Qudc ngu thi tap bdng chfi Ndm vd Tiiu An thi tap bang chfi Hdn. Qng
cdn viet mdt cudn sdch gian udc vl TU thu nhan d l TU thu thuyet uoc. Theo mdt
tdi Ueu nghien cfhi gan day thi Ghu Van An cdn la mdt nhd Ddng y da bien soan
quyen Yhpc yeu gidn tap chU di biin gdm nhfing li ludn ca ban vl chfia tri b$nh
bang Ddng y. Khi dng mat, vua Tran da danh cho dng mdt vinh du ldn bac nhat

(1) Ten hieu : ngudi cd hpc ngay xua ngoai ten thudng gpi cdn cd ten chir (tu) trang trpng hon ;
lai cdn cd ten hieu, la each xung gpi (thudng la tu xung) de td ban tinh, thien hudng cua ngirdi
mang ten. Hieu Tiiu An d day bay td chi hirdng.

(2) Mon de: hpc trd ciia mdt bac thay.
(3) Tu nghiep: chiic quem day hpc.

172

dd'i vdi mdt tri thiie Id dugc thd d Van Mieu. Vua cdn ban tang ten thuy'" cho dng
la Van Trinh. Ngo The Vinh, mdt van nhan ndi tieng the ki XDC trong bdi van bia d
den Phugng Son da giai thich nghia hai chfi "Van Trinh" nhu sau : "Van, diic chi
bieu da ; Trinh, diic ehi chinh ed da" {Vdn la bieu hien b l ngodi (thuan nha't) cua
diic ; Trinh la su chinh ttue, kien dinh ctia diie). Ten thuy nhu vdy nhdm bieu
duong mdt ngudi da ket hpp dugc hai mat cua dao dtrc : ben ngoai thuan nha,
hien hod vdi ben trong chi'nh true, kien dinh. Trong lich sii giao due nude nha, dng
ciing gianh dugc dia vi eao quy bdc nhat, xiing dang diing dau cdc nhd gido ttr xua
tdi nay. Qng da vugt qua nguang ngudi ldm thdy gido gidi cua mpt ddi de dat tdi
ngudi ldm thdy gido gidi cua mudn ddi nhu Phan Huy Chti da nggi ca dng : "Hgc
nghiep thuan tuy, tiet thao'^' cuong thugng, lang nho nudc Viet trudc sau chi cd
minh dng, cae dng khdc khdng the so sdnh dugc".

Ngdy nay, de tudng nhd tdi dao diic va su nghiep eda dng, nhdn dan Thii dd da
lay ten dng de dat ten cho mdt dudng phd vd mdt trudng trung hpc ldn cua
Ha Ndi. Dd la phd Chu Van An va Trudng Trung hpe phd thdng Chu Van An.

{Theo Dang Kim Ngpc, Vdn hod Viet Nam,
NXB Van hoa Van nghe - Trung uong, Ha Ndi, 1959)

(1) T§n thuy: ten dat cho ngudi chei nhdm bieu thi tinh chai, hanh vi liic cdn sdng.
(2) Tiet thdo : khi tiei vimg vang, khdng chiu khuai phuc.

173

MUC LUC

Ldi ndi dau

Tuan Ten bai Trang
1
• Tdng quan van hpc Viet Nam 5
• Hoat ddng giao tiep bdng ngdn ngfi 14

2 • Khdi quat van hpe dan gian Viet Nam 16
• Hoat ddng giao tiep bdng ngdn ngii (tiep theo) 20
• Van bdn 23
• Viet bdi lam van sd 1 (bai lam d nha) 26

3 • Chii'n thdng Mtao Mxdy (trich Ddm Sdn - su thi Tay Nguyen) 30

• Van ban (tiep theo) 37

4 • Truyin An Duong Vuong vd Mi Chdu - Trpng Thuy 39
• Lap dan y bai van tu su 44

5 • Uy-lit-xa trd vi (trich O-di-xi - su thi Hi Lap) 47
• Trd bdi lam van so 1 53

6 • Ra-ma bupc tpi (trich Ra-ma-ya-na - su thi An Dp) 55
• Chpn str viec, chi tiet tieu bieu ttong bdi van ttr su 61

7 • Tdm Cdm : 65
• Mieu ta va bieu cam ttong bdi van tu su 73

8 • Tam dqi con gd 78
• Nhung nd phdi bdng hai mdy 80
• Viet bdi lam van so 2 81

9 • Ca dao than than, yeu thuong tinh nghIa 82
• Dac diem ciia ngdn ngfi ndi va ngdn ngfi viet 86

10 • Ca dao hdi hudc 90

• Dpc them: Ldi tiin dqn (trich Tiin dqn nguai yiu - truyen tha

ddn tdc Thai) 93

• Luyen tap viet doan van tu su 97

11 • Qn tap van hpe dan gian Viet Nam 100
• Tra bai ldm van sd 2 103

174

MUC LUC

Tuan Ten bai Trang
12
13 • Khai qudt van hpc Viet Nam ttr the ki X den hit the ki XDC 104
14 • Phong cdch ngdn ngfi sinh boat 113
15 115
• Td ldng (Thudt hodi) 117
16 • Cdnh ngdy he (Bdo kinh cdnh gidi - bdi 43) 120
17 • Tdm tdt van ban tu su (dua theo nhan vat ehinh) 123
• Viet bdi lam van sd 3 (bdi lam d nhd) 125
18 128
• Phong each ngdn ngfi 5inh boat (tiep theo) 131
• Nhdn
• Dpc Tieu Thanh ki (Ddc Tieu Thanh ki) 135

• Thuc hdnh phep tu ttr an du vd hodn du 138
140
• Dpc them: 142
143
- Van nudc (Qud'c td) .?.
145
- Cdo binh, bdo mpi ngudi (Cdo tat thi chiing) 148
151
- HUng trd vi (Quy hiing) 152

• Tqi ldu Hodng Hqc tiin Mqnh Hqo Nhiin di Qudng Ldng 155
158
(Hodng Hac lau tdng Manh Hao Nhien chi Quang Lang) 161
163
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• Trinh bay mdt van dl 165
• Tra bdi lam van so 3 169

• Lap ke hoach cd nhan 175
• Dpc them:

- Tha hai-cu eua Ba-sd
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- Ndi odn cua nguai phdng khue (Khue odn)
- Khe chim kiu (Dieu minh gian)

• Gde hinh thtic kit ed'u ciia van ban thuyet minh
• Lap ddn y bdi van thuyet minh

Chiu trdch nhiem xudt bdn: Chu tich HDQT kiem Tdng Giam ddc NGO TRAN AI
Phd Tdng Giam ddc kiem Tdng bidn tap NGtJYfiN QUY THAO

Bien tap ldn ddu : NGUYfiN THI NGOC KHANH - PHAM KIM CHUNG
Bien tap tdi bdn: NGUYfiN THI HOANG YEN
Bien tap mi thudt: TA THANH TUNG

Thiet kesdch: NGUYfiN THANH LONG
Trinh bdy bia: NGUYfiN BICH LA

Siia bdn in : NGUYEN THI HOANG YEN
Che bdn : CONG TY CO PHAN THifiT KE VA PHAT HANH SACH GIAO DIJC

Bia sach cd sir dung tranh ciia hoa si Nguyin Tu Nghiem.

NGUrVAN 10-TAPMOT

Ma sd: CHOllTO

In 35.000 ban, (Q010) khd 17x24cm, tai Nha In Ha Ndi - Cdng ty
Sach Ha Ndi. 67 Phd Disc Chfnh - Ba Oinh - Ha Ndi. Sd In: 142.
Sd xuat ban: 01-2010/CXB/556-1485/GD. In xong va nop li/u
chieu thang 1 nam2010.

HUAN CHUONG HO CHI MINH QUALITY
CROWN

VUONG MIEN KIM CUONG
CHAT LUpNG QUOC TE

7\ SSAACH GIAO KHOA LCfP 10

1.T0ANHOC 8.TINHOC10

• DAISOlO«HiNHHOC10 9. CONG NGHE 10

2. VAT Li 10 10. G I A O D U C C O N G D A N 10

3. HOAHOCIO 11. GIAO DUG Q U 6 C PHONG - A N NINH 10

4. SINHHOC10 12. NGOAI NGli

5. NGO" VAN 10 (tap mot, tap hai) • TIENG ANH 10 •T|£NGPHAP10
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• UCHSCriO.OIALl'lO
• NGOAI NGU (TIENG ANH 10, TIENG PHAP 10,

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9 3 4 9 8 0 "0 0 5 5 6 9 Gia: 7.200d