SPE SCIENCE TOPICAL COMPILATION

4 5
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCING SCIENCE
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCING SCIENCE
CHAPTER 2: CLASSIFICATION TOPIC 1.1: LABORATORY SAFETY RULES
CHAPTER 3: MATTER
CHAPTER 4: WATER 5
CHAPTER 5: CELL STRUCTURE AND ORGANISATION 1. The diagram shows Osman getting ready to carry out an experiment on mixing an acid
CHAPTER 6: FORCE AND PRESSURE
CHAPTER 7: ENERGY 36 with an alkali. Which safety precaution did Osman forget?
CHAPTER 8: MAGNETISM (SPE/2009/Q1)
CHAPTER 9: DRUGS
CHAPTER 10: GASES 45
CHAPTER 11: TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN HUMANS A. He should wear gloves.
CHAPTER 12: PLANT AND ANIMAL NUTRITION
CHAPTER 13: ELECTRICITY 58 B. He should wear a laboratory coat.
CHAPTER 14: ACIDS AND ALKALIS C. He should wear safety goggles.
CHAPTER 15: REPRODUCTION IN PLANT
CHAPTER 16: REPRODUCTION IN HUMANS 75 D. He should wear a mask.
ANSWER SCHEME TOPICAL COMPILATION
86

107 2. What is the correct procedure for students to follow if a chemical is spilled in the
laboratory?

117 (SPE/2010/Q1)

125 A. Ask to go to the toilet.
B. Run out of the room quickly.

132 C. Splash large amount of water onto the spill.
D. Stand back and inform the teacher of the spill immediately.

142

154 3. When you finish working with chemicals, biological specimens, and other laboratory
substances, always __________.

174 (SPE/2011/Q4)

195 A. treat your hands with skin lotion.

210 B. wash your hands with soap and water.
C. wipe your hands on a towel.

222 D. wipe your hands on your clothes.

236
4. Which of the following is the correct safety rule in the laboratory?

(SPE/2013/Q2)

A. Dispose corrosive liquids and solid into the sink.
B. Point the mouth of test tube away from your friend.
C. Pour the used solutions back into the bottle.
D. Tamper with electrical sockets.

6 7

5. Which of the following is the most appropriate step to take following an accident in 8. A bottle containing kerosene shown in figure below is labeled with a hazard symbol.
the laboratory? What does this symbol represent?
(SPE/2014/Q1) (SPE/2015/Q1)
A. Biohazard.
A. Report to the teacher immediately. B. Explosive.
B. Run to your friends and ask for help. C. Flammable.
C. Run out of the laboratory. D. Radioactive.
D. Sit silently and pretend nothing happened.
9. Most car batteries contain acids which are corrosive. Which of the following symbol
6. Study the diagram in figure below. Which of the following safety precautions should be should be shown on car batteries?
taken by these students when heating some liquid in a test tube? (SPE/2016/Q1)
(SPE/2017/Q2)
10. Figure below shows a glue that is used for fixing broken glass. It has a hazard symbol on it.
A. Cover the mouth of the test tube with a rubber bug. What does the hazard symbol means?
B. Use a wire gauze and tripod stand when heating. (SPE/2017/Q1)
C. Place the workbook near the burner. A. Corrosive.
D. Point away the mouth of the test tube from another B. Explosive.
C. Flammable.
person. D. Toxic.

7. Below are some hazard symbols with its description. Which symbol matches its 11. Figure below shows a plastic bag labelled with a hazard symbol. What does the hazard
description? symbol tell us about the contents of the bag?
(SPE/2013/Q1) (SPE/2018/Q2)
A. They are biohazardous.
Symbol Description B. They are corrosive.
C. They are explosives.
A. Biohazardous substance. D. They are radioactive materials.

B. Corrosive substances.

C. Harmful in small doses

D. Irritating substances

8 9

12. Which of the following items is the best method to put out fire in a person‟s hair or clothes? 5. Figure below shows a Bunsen burner with a yellow flame. What should be done to
(SPE/2018/Q1) change it into a blue flame?
(SPE/2010/Q2)

A. Close the air hole.
B. Open the air hole.
C. Shake the Bunsen burner to mix the gases.
D. Turn on the gas knob.

TOPIC 1.2: HANDLING COMMON LABORATORY APPARATUS 6. Figure below shows a Bunsen burner. The air hole of the Bunsen burner is kept
closed when not heating anything. What is the reason for this?
1. A conical flask can measure volume of liquids accurately. (SPE/2012/Q2)
(SPE/2011/Q42a)
A. The burner will not get overheated.
B. The flame can be easily seen.
C. To get more heat from the flame.
D. To save the amount of gas used.

TRUE / FALSE

7. Which sequence of action is correct for lighting up a Bunsen burner?
(SPE/2009/Q2)

2. A non-luminous flame is yellow in colour. TRUE / FALSE
(SPE/2009/Section B/Q2a)
A. Open the air hole  Light up the match  Turn on the gas knob.

B. Close the air hole  Light up the match  Turn on the gas knob.

C. Light up the match  Turn on the gas knob  Close the air hole.

3. Which of the following is an incorrect sectional drawing of laboratory apparatus? D. Turn on the gas knob  Light up the match  Open the air hole.
(SPE/2011/Q1)

8. Figure below shows steps on how to light a Bunsen burner.

A. B. C. D. T – Close the air hole U – Turn on the gas of the burner V – Light the match
hole
4. Figure below shows some of the apparatus used in the laboratory. Which apparatus is
most suitable for storing chemical solutions like acids and alkalis in the laboratory?
(SPE/2012/Q1)

A. B. C. D. W – Hold the match X – Open the air hole
above the chimney to obtain a blue
hole flame

10 11
TOPIC 1.3.2: TIME
Which of the following sequences is correct for lighting up the Bunsen burner? 1. A stopwatch is used to measure the time for hydrogen gas given off in a reaction as show
(SPE/2013/Q3)
in Figure below.
A. T  X  W  U V
B. T  V  W  U X Figure below shows the stopwatch at the start and at the end of the reaction.
C. U  W  X  V T
D. W  U  V  X T

TOPIC 1.3.1: MASS

1. Which of the following instruments shown in figure below is used to measure mass
accurately?
(SPE/2012/Q4)

Start End

A. B. C. D. How long does it take for all the gas to be given off during the reaction?
(SPE/2013/Q4)

2. Nurhafizah is using a weighing balance to weigh flour for baking cake. Figure below show A. 50 s
the reading before and after the flour is placed on the weighing balance. Calculate the B. 51 s
mass of the flour? C. 52 s
(SPE/2013/Q5) D. 53 s

A. 128 g 2. Hashim uses a stopwatch to measure the time taken for him to run one complete round
B. 134 g at the field track. Figure below shows the stopwatch at the start and end of one
C. 144 g complete round. How long does it take for Hashim to finish one complete round?
D. 158 g (SPE/2017/Q3)

Before After A. 2 hours 6.79 minutes
B. 2 hours 11.11 minutes
C. 2 minutes 11.11 seconds
D. 2 minutes 6.79 seconds

12 13

TOPIC 1.3.3: LENGTH, AREA AND VOLUME 4. Kartini is trying to measure the area of a leaf using the method shown in figure below.
What is the estimated area of the leaf in cm2?
1. Figure below shows the internal diameter of a test tube being measured. What is the (SPE/2011/Q5)
internal diameter of the test tube in mm?
(SPE/2011/Q3) A. 9
B. 10
Internal diameter C. 12
of test tube/mm D. 14
A. 20
B. 19 5. Aminuddin is measuring the area of the shell as shown in figure below. What is the
C. 18 estimated area of the shell?
D. 17 (SPE/2015/Q3)

2. Study figure below carefully. What is the diameter of the spherical steel ball? A. 20 cm2
(SPE/2012/Q5) B. 21 cm2
C. 22 cm2
A. 1.0 cm D. 23 cm2
B. 2.6 cm
C. 4.2 cm 6. Study figure below carefully. Hazirah needs 9 cards to cover the area of the paper in the
D. 5.2 cm figure above. What is the area of the paper?
(SPE/2016/Q2)
Spherical steel ball
A. 205 cm2
3. Figure below shows the initial length of a spring and the length of spring after a mass of B. 215 cm2
100g is attached to it. What is the difference in length caused by the 100g mass? C. 225 cm2
(SPE/2017/Q6) D. 235 cm2

A. 4 cm 7. Study the diagram in figure below. If each square has an area of 4 mm2, what is the
B. 6 cm approximate area enclosed by the leaf in figure above.
C. 8 cm (SPE/2017/Q5)
D. 10 cm
A. 10 mm2
B. 40 mm2
C. 70 mm2
D. 90 mm2

14 15
12. Figure below shows a method to determine the volume of an irregular stone. What is the
8. Figure below shows milk being poured into a measuring cup. Which physical property of
the milk can be measured directly using the cup? volume of the stone?
(SPE/2017/Q6) (SPE/2016/Q3)
A. 20 cm3
A. Area. B. 30 cm3
B. Density. C. 40 cm3
C. Mass. D. 50 cm3
D. Volume.
13. Zahid was asked by his teacher to find the surface area of one of the petals of hibiscus.
9. Figure below shows different types of laboratory apparatus. Which one could be used to He used the method as shown in figure below.
measure accurately the volume of 50 cm3 of water?
(SPE/2010/Q3) Calculate the surface area of the petal. Show how you arrive at your answer.
(SPE/2013/Q43bi)
A. B. C. D. ______________________________________ cm2 [2]

10. Which is the correct sequence to find the volume of a piece of stone? 14. Figure below shows a 25 N brick acting on the box.
(SPE/2010/Q4) (SPE/2010/Q44a)
a) Calculate the volume of the brick. [1]
A. Put the stone into a measuring cylinder and pour some water into it.
B. Pour some water into the measuring cylinder and put the stone into it.
C. Put the stone on a balance and then put the stone into a measuring cylinder.
D. Put the stone into a measuring cylinder and then on a balance.

11. Figure below shows a 100 cm3 beaker containing some coloured liquid. All the liquid is
then poured into the 50 cm3 measuring cylinder. Which level will the coloured liquid reach
in the measuring cylinder?
(SPE/2015/Q2)

b) Calculate the area of the brick in contact with the floor. [1]

16 17

TOPIC 1.3.4: Density 3. Figure below shows a cube of wood. The length on each side is 3 cm and the mass of the
1. Study the diagram below. cube is 16.2 g. Calculate the density of the cube?
(SPE/2009/Q3)
Azim wants to find out the density of the pebble. Which of the following is the correct
series of steps he should take? A. 0.6 g/cm3
(SPE/2017/Q8) B. 1.7 g/cm3
C. 1.8 g/cm3
A. Step M  Step N  Step O  Step L D. 25.2 g/cm3
B. Step N  Step O  Step M  Step L
C. Step N  Step Q  Step L  Step P 4. Figure below shows the steps taken to measure the volume of a stone with a density of
D. Step O  Step N  Step L  Step P 3.5 g/cm3. What is the mass of the stone?
(SPE/2011/Q8)
2. Figure below shows the steps taken to find the density of an iron ball. Which calculation is
suitable to find its density? A. 280 g
(SPE/2013/Q6) B. 28 g
C. 23 g
A. Density = 150 g / 40 cm3 D. 0.04 g
B. Density = (150 – 100) g / 40 cm3
C. Density = 150 g / (40 – 20) cm3 5. Figure below shows the mass of a measuring cylinder taken before and after some liquid
D. Density = (150 – 100) g / (40 – 20) cm3 are poured into it. What is the density of the liquid?
(SPE/2017/Q7)

A. 0.50 g/cm3
B. 0.88 g/cm3
C. 1.14 g/cm3
D. 3.13 g/cm3

6. Figure below shows an electronic balance measuring the mass of a beaker before and
after adding liquid into it. Which of the following best describes the density of the liquid?
(SPE/2018/Q3)

A. 0.75 g/cm3
B. 62.5 g/cm3
C. 84.5 g/cm3
D. 1.35 g/cm3

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10. Figure below shows substances of various densities. Which substance, labeled A, B, C
7. A cube of mass 128 g has a density of 2 g/cm3. What is the length of each side of the
cube? and D has the highest density?
(SPE/2018/Q6) (SPE/2012/Q6)

A. 4 cm 11. A fresh egg will sink to the bottom of a saucepan of water, while a stale egg will rise to
B. 8 cm the surface of the water as shown in figure below. Which of the following best explains the
C. 64 cm behaviour of the stale egg?
D. 256 cm (SPE/2018/Q5)

8. Study the diagram in the figure below. A. Some of the contents of the egg escape which makes it lighter.
B. The density of the egg increases as it goes stale.
Which of the following correctly describes the mass, volume and density of objects P and C. The density of the egg decreases as it goes stale.
Q? D. Some of the egg shell falls off which makes it lighter.
(SPE/2016/Q4)
12. Figure below shows the steps taken to find the density of an iron ball.
Mass of objects P Volume of objects Density of objects P (SPE/2010/Q43b)
and Q P and Q and Q
Same
A. Different Same Different
B. Different Different Same
C. Same Different
D. Same Different
Same

9. The beakers in Figure below contain three different liquids. Which statement about the
densities of the liquids is correct?
(SPE/2015/Q4)

A. Liquid 1 is denser than Liquid 2. Fill in the table below using the figure above. [4]
B. Liquid 2 is denser than Liquid 3.
C. Liquid 3 is denser than Liquid 1. Volume of iron ball
D. Liquid 2 and 3 have the same density. Mass of iron ball
Density of iron ball

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13. (SPE/2014/Q43) c) Table below shows the densities of three different solid blocks.
a) Faiz poured 40 cm3 of water into a measuring cylinder. She then put a steel ball with
a mass of 150 g into the measuring cylinder as shown below. Solid block Density (g/cm3)
Plastic 1.14
0.92
Ice cube 0.35
Wood

Faiz put one of the solid blocks in the table above into the liquids in figure below. The
position of the block is labelled X in figure below.

i) Name the instrument used to measure the mass of the steel ball. [1] i) Is solid block X, plastic, ice cube or wood? Explain why. [3]
_________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
ii) Calculate the volume of the steel ball. Show your working. [2]
ii) The steel ball in question 3a) is now added to the beaker in figure above.
iii) Calculate the density of the steel ball. Show your working. [2] Draw the position of the steel ball in figure above. [1]

14. Figure below shows four different liquids, A, B, C and D placed into several test tubes.
Equal amounts of two different liquids were placed in each tube. The results are shown
below.
(SPE/2017/Q43a)

b) Faiz poured two liquids of different densities into a beaker. Figure below shows the two a) State the physical property of the liquids which causes them to separate into different
layers of liquids. layers when poured into the test tubes. [1]

Explain why the gasoline is on top of the water. [1] ____________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
b) Equal amounts of liquids A, B, C and D were then placed into test tube 5. The liquids

22 23

were separated into four layers. Label the order at which the liquids would appear in 3. Figure shows four different positions of an observer reading the mercury level in a
test tube 5. [1] thermometer. Which position is the correct way to read the mercury in the thermometer?
(SPE/2012/Q3)

TOPIC 1.3.5: TEMPERATURE 4. Figure below shows the level of mercury in a thermometer. What is the reading?
(SPE/2016/Q5)
1. What is the main disadvantage of an alcohol thermometer? A. 52 oC
(SPE/2009/Q4) B. 54 oC
C. 56 oC
A. It cannot measure low temperatures. D. 58 oC
B. It cannot measure high temperature.
C. It is very cheap. 5. One litre of water at 30 oC is mixed with one litre of water at 50 oC.
D. It is poisonous.
What is the expected final temperature of water?
2. Figure below shows a mercury thermometer. What is the temperature shown and state (SPE/2017/Q9)
one limitation of this type of thermometer.
(SPE/2011/Q2)

Temperature Limitation of Thermometer

A. 10oC Thermometer scale is difficult to read.

B. 10oC Cannot measure very high temperatures.

C. 20oC Mercury vaporises easily and wet glass.

D. 20oC Cannot measure very low temperatures.

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6. Which of the following four thermometers would be most suitable for measuring body TOPIC 1.4: GRAPH AND TABLES
temperature?
(SPE/2018/Q7) 1. Rosli was infected with H1N1 virus and his body temperature rose up to 40oC in a few
hours. Which of the following graphs represents this?
(SPE/2010/Q7)

7. Figure below shows a mercury thermometer. 2. Figure below shows graphically the extension of a spring when different loads were
(SPE/2010/Q43a) attached to it. What is the load if the length of the spring is 4 cm?
(SPE/2011/Q11)
I. What is the temperature shown by the thermometer above? [1] A. 20 N
_________________________________________________________________________________ B. 10 N
C. 5 N
II. State TWO advantages and ONE disadvantage of using a mercury thermometer D. 4 N
when compared to an alcohol thermometer. [3]
Advantages: 3. Hot water was poured into the tin can and left to cool to room temperature as shown
1) ______________________________________________________________________________ in figure below. The results were plotted in a graph shown in figure below.
2) ______________________________________________________________________________
Disadvantage: From the graph, find the room temperature at which the experiment was carried out.
________________________________________________________________________________ (SPE/2011/Q21)
A. 100oC
B. 50oC
C. 30oC
D. 20oC

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TITLE: ______________________________________________________________
4. The table below shows the intake of oxygen by some germinating seeds over a period of
time.
(SPE/2009/Section B/ Q8)

Time / hour Oxygen intake / milligrams per hour
5 0.10
10 0.15
15 0.21
20 0.23
25 0.25
30 0.27
35 0.29
40 0.30

a) Plot a graph of the oxygen intake/milligrams per hour against time taken/hours. Give a
title for your graph. [5]

b) What is the shape of the graph? [1]

____________________________________________________________________________________

c) From the graph what is the difference between the oxygen intake at 10 hours and
oxygen intake at 40 hours? [1]

____________________________________________________________________________________

d) From the graph what can you conclude about the relationship between the oxygen
intake and the time taken during the germination of the seeds? [2]

____________________________________________________________________________________

e) Mark the letter X on the graph to show the oxygen intake at 0 hours. [1]

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Title: ___________________________________________________________________
5. Ahmad dropped a ping-pong ball from a tall building. He then recorded the speed of the
ball at various times. His results are shown in the table.
(SPE/2010/Q48)

Time (s) Speed (m/s)
1 9
2 16
3 21
4 26
5 30
6 32
8 33

a) Plot a graph of speed (y-axis) against time. [5]
b) What is the shape of the graph? [1]

____________________________________________________________________________________
c) From the graph, determine the speed of the ping-pong ball at the time equal to 4.5 s.

[2]
____________________________________________________________________________________
d) Study the graph and predict the speed of the ping-pong ball after 10 s. [1]
____________________________________________________________________________________
e) Explain how you arrived at your answer in part (d). [1]
____________________________________________________________________________________

30 31
a) i) State two variables that are kept the same in the experiment. [2]
6. Ahmad carries out an experiment to find out what will happen to the temperature of
water if different masses of salts are added to it. He takes the following steps shown in __________________________________________________________________________________
Figure below.
(SPE/2015/Q48)

ii) State one variable that is not kept the same in this experiment. [1]

_________________________________________________________________________________

b) Table below shows the temperature at which different masses of salt dissolved in
boiling water.

Mass of 0 10 20 30 40 50 60
salt/g

Boiling 100 101.5 106 107.5 109.0
point/0C

The two temperature readings for 20 g and 30 g masses of salt are shown in Figure
below.

Read the thermometer in Figure below and record the temperature in the above
table. [2]

32 33

c) Using the information in the above table, plot the points of boiling point of water I. to find the boiling point at which 25 g of salt is added to 100 cm3 of water. [1]
against the mass of salt added. The first one has been done for you. [2] _________________________________________________________________________________

Graph of boiling point against mass of salt added II. to find the mass of salt added to water when the boiling point is 108oC. [1]
_________________________________________________________________________________

III. What conclusion can be drawn from the graph? [1]
_________________________________________________________________________________

TOPIC 1.5: SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATIONS

1. Basic science process skills required in carrying out experiments TRUE / FALSE
are: observing, recording, measuring and communicating.
(SPE/2011/Q42b)

2. Lydia did a scientific investigation on diffusion in solids. Figure below shows the steps she
took to carry out her investigation. The steps are not in order.

The correct sequence for scientific investigation is
(SPE/2016/Q8)

A. i  ii  iii  iv  v

B. i  iii  v  iv  ii

C. i  iii  iv  v  ii

D. i  iv  iii  v  ii

d) Use the graph

34 35
5. Saiful set up an experiment in figure below to find out if Material A (paper towel) absorb
3. Murni and her friends carried out an experiment on food test. They placed an unknown
food substance on a tile and added a few drops of iodine solution shown in Figure below. more water than Material B (cloth towel).
After that, they wrote down what they have observed in the experiment in Table below.
He listed all the variables that will affect his experiment below.
Murni The unknown food becomes wet
Nazmi The yellow solution turns blue balck
Aliyah A reaction occurs in the test tube
Amirah The unknown food looks darker

Who wrote the best observation?
(SPE/2015/Q5)

A. Aliyah
B. Amirah
C. Nazmi
D. Murni

4. Shahrul suggested that the solubility of salt is affected by the temperature of water. He Which of the following is a correct choice to ensure his experiment is a fair test?
decided to investigate this further by conducting a scientific investigation. (SPE/2016/Q7)

He wrote down the variable that should be kept constant and the variable that was not
kept constant in his note.

Which descriptions written by Shahrul are correct?
(SPE/2013/Q7)

Variable kept constant Variable not kept constant Variable changed Variables kept constant
A. Amount of salt Temperature of water (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
B. Amount of water Amount of salt A. (i) (i), (iii), (iv), (v)
C. Temperature of water Amount of salt B. (ii) (i), (ii), (iv), (v)
D. Temperature of water Amount of water C. (iii) (i), (ii), (iii), (v)
D. (iv)

36 37

CHAPTER 2: CLASSIFICATION 5. Respiration is one of the seven characteristics of living things. Which of the following best
describes respiration?
TOPIC 2.1: CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS (SPE/2018/Q9)

1. Figure below shows a Mimosa plant. The Mimosa plant closes its leaves when touched. A. Ability to produce new individuals.
This is an example of a characteristic of living things. Which of the following characteristics B. Reaction to changes in the environment.
is correct for the above example? C. The way living things get energy from food.
(SPE/2015/Q6) D. The way that all ling things are of cells.

A. Living things excrete waste. TOPIC 2.2: DIVERSITY AND CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS TRUE / FALSE
B. Living things grow and develop.
C. Living things respires all the time. 1. Spiders have six legs.
D. Living things responds to stimuli. (SPE/2018/Q42c)

2. Study the diagram in figure below. Which of the following best describes the 2. Bacteria and viruses are classified as plants. TRUE / FALSE
characteristics of the living things shown in figure above? (SPE/2012/Q42b)
(SPE/2016/Q6) (SPE/2016/Q42c)

A. Living things can move. 3. Which of the following features cannot be used for classifying animals?
B. Living things reproduce. (SPE/2011/Q15)
C. Living things grow from young to adult stage.
D. Living things need water to stay alive. A. The body temperature of the animal.
B. The nature of the animal‟s skin.
3. Figure below shows how a pupil of the eye dilates when a person steps into a dark C. The eating habits of the animal.
cinema. Which of the following characteristics of living things does this shows? D. The number of animals in the group.
(SPE/2017/Q10)
4. Figure below shows a plant. Use the chart to identify the plant.
A. Living things are made of cells. (SPE/2014/Q4)
B. Living things reproduce.
C. Living things grow and develop.
D. Living things respond to stimuli.

4. Which one of the following processes involves getting rid of toxic products from the body?
(SPE/2018/Q8)

A. Absorption
B. Digestion
C. Excretion
D. Nutrition

38 39

5. Study the leaves in figure below. 7. Diagram below shows three types of extinct animals. Which of the animals could have
been warm-blooded?
Which of the following leaves can be classified under the same group? (SPE/2009/Q5)
(SPE/2016/Q10)
A. Dodo only.
Group A Group B B. Mammoth only.
A. (i) and (ii) (v) and (vii) C. Dodo and mammoth.
B. (i) and (vii) (ii) and (iv) D. Mammoth and dinosaur.
C. (ii) and (iv) (vi) and (vii)
D. (iii) and (v) (iv) and (vii) 8. A group of animals are shown in Figure below. Which animals are mammals?
(SPE/2010/Q15)
6. Study the chart below. In which group (A, B, C or D) does the leaf in figure above belong
to? A. Q, T and U.
(SPE/2017/Q12) B. R, T and W.
C. R, S and V.
D. S and V only.

9. A newly discovered animal, Tipirex, has scales on its body and uses ONLY its lungs to
breathe. What is Tipirex most likely to be classified as?
(SPE/2012/Q9)

A. An amphibian.
B. A fish.
C. A mammal.
D. A reptile.

10. Figure below shows four vertebrate animals. Which two vertebrate belong to the same
group of animal classification?
(SPE/2014/Q3)

A. P and Q.
B. P and S.
C. Q and R.
D. Q and S.

40 41
12. Figure below shows an invertebrate. Identify the invertebrate in figure below by using the
11. Table below describes the physical features of four different animals.
classification key below.
Animal Legs Fur Feathers (SPE/2012/Q10)
(/or ) (/or ) (/or )
P 13. Which of the following consists of invertebrates only?
Q / / / (SPE/2014/Q2)
R
S /

Which of the following charts best represent the animals in Table above?
(SPE/2016/Q9)

42 43
14. Figure below shows organisms collected in a forest.
15. Aida observed organisms X, Y and Y found in her garden. She recorded her observations
in table below.

Organism Observation
X
 6 legs
Y  Body has 3 parts
 1 pair of antennae
Z
 8 legs
 Body has 2 parts
 No antennae

 Many legs
 Body has many segmented parts
 1 pair of antennae

Which of the following is the correct classification group for organisms X, Y and Z?
(SPE/2016/Q11)

The organisms are grouped according to the same common characteristics listed in Table X Y Z
below. A. Annelid Insect Molluscs
B. Arachnid Insect Myriapod
C. Insect Arachnid Myriapod
D. Insect Arachnid Annelid

Organisms Characteristics 16. Yanti saw an Organism X and recorded her observations below.
Group P
- has a muscular foot  The body is divided into two parts.
Group Q - 1 pair of antennae  It has no wings.
- body covered by shell  It has 4 fairs of legs.
Group R
- 6 legs Based on the observations, what is animal X likely to be?
Group S - 1 pair of antennae (SPE/2017/Q11)
- Has 3 parts (head, thorax, abdomen)

- 8 legs
- no antennae
- has segmented body

- more than 8 legs
- 1 pair of antennae
- has segmented body

Which of the following organisms are classified in Group S?
(SPE/2015/Q7)

A. (i), (iv)
B. (iii), (v)
C. (vii), (ix)
D. (ii), (vi), (vii)

44 45
17. Figure below shows two types of fruits X and Y.
CHAPTER 3: MATTER
Fruits X and Y are both simple fruits and can be classified using Figure below.
TOPIC 3.1: MATTER AROUND US

1. Figure below shows the apparatus that can be found in a science laboratory.
(SPE/2016/Q43a)

Use figure above to identify: [2] a) The apparatus in figure above can be used to find the properties of substance R and S
(SPE/2015/Q47d) in figure below.

i. Fruit X: __________________________________________________________________________ State one property of substance R and S which is similar. [1]
________________________________________________________________________________
ii. Fruit Y: __________________________________________________________________________ b) Use the apparatus in figure above to describe briefly how you would confirm that the
property you stated in part a) is similar.
18. Figure below shows a list of plants and animals. Substance R [2]
________________________________________________________________________________
Lizard Eagle Mango Dolphin Crocodile Monkey Substance S [2]
Shark Ferns Sperm Whale Papaya Hibiscus ________________________________________________________________________________

Create the key for the classification of plants and animals listed in figure below. [6]
(SPE/2013/Q43a)

46 TRUE / FALSE 47

TOPIC 3.2: STATES OF MATTER 5. Which of the following sets of properties of matter belongs to gases?
(SPE/2009/Q7)
1. Gases are hard to compress.
(SPE/2018/Q42a) A. No fixed volume, no fixed shape and move in all directions.
B. No fixed volume, fixed shape and move in all directions.
2. Figure below represents three states of water, labeled X, Y and Z. C. Have fixed volume, no fixed shape and do not move.
D. Have fixed volume, fixed shape and do not move.

Which of the following correctly identifies the states of water in figure above? 6. The closed flask shown in figure below contains a compound Q in the solid, liquid and
(SPE/2017/Q13) gaseous states. Which statement is correct?
(SPE/2012/Q24)
XY Z
A. Gaseous Q particles move freely in all directions.
B. Gaseous Q particles vibrate at fixed positions.
C. Liquid Q particles move freely in all directions.
D. Solid Q particles can move freely in the flask.

A. Liquid Gas Solid

B. Liquid Solid Gas 7. Which of the following correctly states the arrangement and movement of gas particles?
(SPE/2014/Q5)
C. Solid Liquid Gas

D. Solid Gas Liquid

3. Which of the following best describes solids? Arrangement Movement
(SPE/2010/Q6) A. Far apart from each other. Move freely in any direction.
B. Far apart from each other. Move by vibrating in fixed position.
A. Have fixed volume, fixed shape and do not flow. C. Packed very close together. Move freely in any direction.
B. Have fixed volume, no fixed shape and do not flow. D. Packed very close together. Move by vibrating in fixed position.
C. No fixed volume, fixed shape and flow in all directions.
D. No fixed volume, no fixed shape and flow in all directions. 8. Which of the following substances contain particles that occupy the whole space of its
container?
4. A student poured all the liquid in a bottle into a measuring cylinder, as shown in figure (SPE/2015/Q8)
below.
A. Chlorine gas.
B. Water.
C. Oil.
D. Wood.

When compared with the liquid in the bottle in figure above, the liquid in the measuring
cylinder has __________.
(SPE/2013/Q8)
A. a different shape and different volume.
B. a different shape but same volume.
C. the same shape but different volume.
D. the same shape and same volume.

48 49
9. SPE/2013/Q44ci, ii & iii)
2. Study figure below carefully. It shows a conical flask filled with water and a crystal of
a) Water can exist in three states. The state of matter of water as an ice cube has been potassium permanganate dropped carefully in it. After a few days, the water in the
drawn in figure below. beaker turned purple. What is the process which causes this observation?
(SPE/2009/Q26)
Draw the arrangement of particles of water and steam in the boxes provided in figure
above. [2] A. Osmosis.
b) Helium gas is used in party balloons as shown below. B. Diffusion.
i) Draw what happens to the party balloon filled with helium after one day. [1] C. Melting.
D. Evaporation.

3. In the experiment shown in figure below, state what is observed when the cover is
removed and explain why this happened.
(SPE/2011/Q34)

ii) What has happened to the helium inside the balloon after one day? [1] Observation Explanation
_________________________________________________________________________________ A. Reddish brown vapour remains at the
Bromine gas molecules are heavy
bottom gas jar. and so remain at the bottom gas
jar.
B. Reddish brown vapour takes a long
time to spread throughout both gas Bromine gas molecules are heavy
jars. and move slower and so take a
longer time to move upwards.
C. Reddish brown vapour spreads
throughout both gas jars very quickly. Bromine gas molecules move at
high speed and are in constant
D. More reddish brown vapour remains random motion.
at the bottom gas jar.
The air molecules occupy the top
TOPIC 3.3: DIFFUSION gas jar and force the bromine gas
molecules to remains at the
1. Diffusion in gases is faster than diffusion in liquids. bottom gas jar.
(SPE/2015/42a)
TRUE / FALSE

50 51
4. Walid carried out an experiment as shown in figure below. Name the process shown in
7. Amirah and Mohammad carried out an experiment to investigate diffusion of three
this experiment. different dyes P, R and Q as shown in figure below. They wanted to find out the time
(SPE/2012/Q26) taken for dyes P, R and Q to diffuse through the liquids.
A. Condensation.
B. Diffusion. Which of the following variables should be kept the same?
C. Evaporation. (SPE/2017/Q14)
D. Sublimation.
Volume of liquid Type of dyes used Shape of container
5. A few drops of food colouring was placed at the bottom of a glass mug containing water. A. / X /
Which diagram shows the appearance of the glass mug after one day? B. X / X
(SPE/2014/Q6) C. / X X
D. / / /
6. Study the experiment in Figure below.
TOPIC 3.4: ELEMENTS, COMPOUNDS AND MIXTURES
Based on the results observed, which of the following conclusions drawn from the two
experiments is correct? 1. Complete the following passage using words provided below. Each word may be used
(SPE/2015/Q9) once, or not at all. [4]
A. Copper (ll) sulfate particles diffused faster in solid than in liquid. (SPE/2011/Q41)
B. Copper (ll) sulfate particles diffused faster in liquid than in solid.
C. Copper (ll) sulfate particles diffused slower in gas than in liquid. mixture boiling evaporation atmosphere
D. Copper (ll) sulfate particles diffused slower in gas than in solid. atoms molecules elements solids
air oxygen condensation sublimation

Matter can exist in the form of ____________________, compounds or mixtures. Matter
can exist in three states: ____________________, liquids and gases. The earth is surrounded
by ____________________ that consists of a mixture of gases. The gas particle consists of
atoms or ____________________ which are far apart and move very fast in random motion.

52 53
2. The Periodic Table is very important in scientific studies. What is shown by the symbols in
6. Which of the following is a correct property of compound?
the Periodic Table? (SPE/2013/Q11)
(SPE/2010/Q10)
A. Compounds. A. They are formed by chemical reactions.
B. Elements. B. They can be broken down by physical methods.
C. Mixtures. C. The constituents are presents in variable amounts.
D. Molecules. D. No new products are formed from their reactions.

3. What do the chemical symbols in the Periodic Table represent? 7. Suryati carried out an investigation to find out whether substances M, N, P and Q are
(SPE/2014/Q7) element, compound or mixture.
A. Compound.
B. Elements. She recorded the following observations:
C. Metals only.
D. Non metals only.  Substances M and P cannot be broken down into anything simpler.
 Substance N consists of substances M and Q but is not chemically combined
4. Figure below shows a periodic table. What are being arranged in the periodic table?
(SPE/2017/Q15) together.
A. Different kinds of compounds.  Substance Q breaks down into substances M and P using chemical methods.
B. Different kinds of elements.
C. Different kinds of minerals. Deduce which of the substances is a compound.
D. Different kinds of mixtures. (SPE/2014/Q8)

5. Which of the following compounds contains three elements? A. M
(SPE/2011/Q13) B. N
A. Calcium carbonate, CaCO3 C. P
B. Nitrogen dioxide, NO2 D. Q
C. Sodium chloride NaCl
D. Water, H2O 8. Which is a mixture of compounds ONLY?
(SPE/2012/Q25)

A. Air.
B. Bronze.
C. Seawater.
D. Water.

9. What happens when elements combine to form mixtures?
(SPE/2015/Q11)

A. A new substance is formed.
B. Chemical reaction occurs.
C. Heat energy is produced.
D. No chemical reaction occurs.

54 55
10. Table below shows the properties of four substances M, N, O and P.
13. Study figure below.

Substance Properties

M Cannot be broken down into simpler substance by chemical methods.

N Consists of M and P which are not chemically bonded.

O Cannot be broken down into simpler substance by chemical methods.

P Can be broken down into M and O by chemical methods. Identify the above substances.
(SPE/2013/Q10)
Which of the following correctly represents the properties above? W X
(SPE/2017/Q16) V Element Mixture
A. Compound Mixture Element
M N O P B. Compound Compound Mixture
A. Element Element Compound Mixture C. Element Element Compound
B. Element Compound Mixture D. Mixture
C. Element Mixture Element Compound
D. Element Mixture Element Element
Compound

14. Figure below shows a mixture of three substances.

11. Study the diagrams of gas particles below. Which diagram represents a compound?
(SPE/2009/Q19)

Which of the following substances represent the mixtures in figure above?
(SPE/2017/Q17)

12. Which of the following diagrams shows a mixture of two elements?
(SPE/2011/Q30)

56 57

15. Study the particles in W, X, Y and Z in figure below. Which of the following best describes 17. A group of students investigate the properties of compounds and mixtures by carrying
the particle arrangements in the figure? out two experiment, Experiment l and ll in figure below
(SPE/2018/Q10) (SPE/2016/Q43b)

W X Y Z
A. compound compound element mixture
B. compound mixture mixture
C. mixture element compound compound
D. mixture element compound mixture
element

16. One of the components separated by fractional distillation of crude oil is kerosene. When a) Describe a laboratory safety precaution that should be taken by the students at
kerosene burns, carbon dioxide and water is produced. Step 4? [1]

State whether the following substances are element, compound or mixture. [3] _____________________________________________________________________________________
(SPE/2014/Q44d)
b) Give the word equation for the reaction in Experiment ll. [1]

_____________________________________________________________________________________

c) Give two observations in the experiment which shows that the properties of compounds
are different from mixtures. [2]

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

a) Crude oil __________________________________________________________________

b) Carbon dioxide __________________________________________________________________

c) Water __________________________________________________________________

58 59

CHAPTER 4: WATER 5. Which of the following is true about boiling and evaporation of water?
(SPE/2012/Q7)

TOPIC 4.1: STATES OF WATER TRUE / FALSE Evaporation Boiling
Takes place at all temperature
1. When water evaporates, the temperature of water is 100oC. A. Takes place at all
(SPE/2014/Q42e) temperature Takes place at 100oC

2. Diagram below shows a water cycle in nature. Name the processes that take place at X B. Takes place at all Takes place at 100oC
and Y. temperature
(SPE/2009/Q6) Takes place when water is
C. Takes place at room heated all the time
X Y temperature only
A. Condensation Evaporation
B. Evaporation Freezing D. Takes place on hot days
C. Evaporation Condensation only
D. Evaporation Evaporation
6. Pure water changes its states at different temperatures. Which one of the following is
correct?
(SPE/2013/Q9)

3. Study figure below carefully. It shows the process of distillation of salt water. What is the Melting point/oC Boiling point/oC Freezing point/oC
temperature shown by the thermometer when the salt water is boiling? A. 0 0 100
(SPE/2010/Q8) B. 100 0 0
C. 0 0
A. 98oC D. 100 100 100
B. 99oC 0
C. 100oC
D. 101oC

4. Figure below shows the change in states of water. Name the process labeled B and D. 7. Figure below shows the three states of water represented by diagrams X, Y and Z. Which
(SPE/2010/Q11) changes occur during condensation?
(SPE/2014/Q9)
Process B Process D
A. Freezing Evaporation A. X to Y.
B. Freezing Condensation B. X to Z.
C. Melting Condensation C. Y to X.
D. Melting Boiling D. Z to X.

60 61
8. Study the experiment in figure below.
10. Which of the following diagrams represents the process of melting ice?
(SPE/2018/Q12)

At the start of the experiment, the beaker is empty. After 30 minutes, the beaker is filled TOPIC 4.2: WATER AS A SOLVENT
with water. Which of the following explains the presence of water in the beaker?
(SPE/2015/Q10) 1. A solute is a substance that dissolves in a solvent to form a solution. TRUE / FALSE
(SPE/2011/Q42e)
A. Water vapour is absorbed directly into the beaker from the glass bowl.
B. Water vapour condenses to water droplets on the plastic and fall into the beaker. 2. Figure below shows an experiment on dissolving salt in water. Which of the following
C. Water vapour melts into water droplets on the plastic and fall into the beaker. could increase the solubility of salt in water?
D. Water vapour in the glass bowl rises up and fall directly into the beaker. (SPE/2010/Q12)

9. Azizah left a bottle of water outside her house. Figure below shows what happened to the A. Decreasing the temperature of water.
volume of water at 7.00 am, 12.00 pm and 7.00 pm. B. Increasing the temperature of water.
C. Stirring the mixture fast.
Why is the volume of water decreasing from 7.00 am to 7.00 pm? D. Using a larger container.
(SPE/2016/Q12)
3. Which of the following is the solute in carbonated (fizzy) drinks?
A. Water particles near the surface gain heat energy and evaporate to form water (SPE/2014/Q10)
vapour.
A. Carbon dioxide.
B. Water particles near the surface gain heat energy and evaporate to form ice. B. Oxygen.
C. Water particles near the surface gain heat energy and condenses to form water C. Hydrogen.
D. Nitrogen.
vapour.
D. Water particles near the surface gain heat energy and condenses to form steam.

62 63

4. Carbon dioxide dissolves in water to make carbonated drinks. Which of the following 2. Figure below shows how a mixture of sodium chloride and calcium carbonate in water
correctly describes water and carbon dioxide? is separated.
(SPE/2016/Q13)

Carbon dioxide Water
A solvent
A. A solute A solute
B. A solvent A solution
C. A solute A solute
D. A solution

5. Salt and sugar can dissolve in water. Which of the following correctly describes salt, sugar Use the labelled diagrams and the helping words to complete the following passage.
and water? Each word may be used once or not at all. [5]
(SPE/2018/Q13) (SPE/2012/Q41)

Salt Sugar Water evaporation filtration distillation filtrate
A. solute solute solution residue insoluble soluble element
B. solute solute solvent compound boiled melted separated
C. solution solute solute
D. solvent solution solute Sodium chloride solution passes through the filter paper and this solution is known as a
____________________. Calcium carbonate is left behind on the filter paper and it is
TOPIC 4.3: SEPARATION TECHNIQUES known as a ____________________. From this experiment, we can conclude that sodium
chloride is ____________________ in water and calcium carbonate is ____________________
1. A mixture of inks can be separated by filtration. in water. This method of separation is known as _____________________.
(SPE/2010/Q42a)
TRUE / FALSE

3. Which of the following apparatus are used to separate salt from water?
(SPE/2016/Q14)

64 65

A. (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) 6. M is a mixture of substance X, Y and Z. The mixture is separated using the steps shown in
B. (i), (ii), (iv), (v) figure below.
C. (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
D. (iii), (iv), (v) (vi)

4. Which of the following sequences is the simplest method used to obtain pure salt from a
mixture of salt, iron filings and sand?
(SPE/2010/Q5)

A. Add mixture to water and stir  Filter the mixture  Evaporate the filtrate.
B. Add water and stir  Evaporate the mixture.
C. Add water and stir  Use a magnet to attract the iron filings  Evaporate the mixture.
D. Use a magnet to remove the iron filings  Add water to the remaining mixture

and stir  Filter the mixture  Evaporate the filtrate.
5. Daud wanted to separate a mixture of sand, salt and iron filings. He wrote down the

steps shown in figure below to separate the mixture. However, Daud‟s descriptions of
the steps are not in order.

Which of the following is the correct identity of X, Y and Z?
(SPE/2015/Q12)

X Y Z
Salt Sand
A. Iron filings Sand Iron filings
B. Salt Salt Iron filings
C. Sand Iron filings Salt
D. Sand

The correct order should be __________. R 7. Iron filing, sulfur powder and salt are accidentally mixed together in the laboratory. The
(SPE/2014/Q12) S following steps are used to separate the three components. The steps are not in order.
O i. Place the filter paper into the funnel and pour the mixture of sulfur and salt solution
A. Steps O  P  Q  O through the filter paper and funnel.
B. Steps P  Q  R  ii. Use a magnet to separate the iron from the sulfur and salt.
C. Steps Q  P  R  iii. Stir the mixture. The distilled water will dissolve the salt.
D. Steps R  Q  P  iv. Place the salt solution in an evaporating dish and heat the salt solution.
v. Add distilled water into the mixture.

66 67

Which of the following shows the correct sequence of steps? 10. Figure below shows some laboratory apparatus. Which of the above are needed to
(SPE/2018/Q11) produce and collect pure water from seawater?
(SPE/2018/Q14)
A. ii v  iii i  iv
B. ii i v  iv  iii A. 1 and 5
C. iii  ii  iv v i B. 1, 2 and 4
D. v  iii I  ii  iv C. 1, 4 and 5
D. 3 and 5
8. Which of the following sequences is the correct method to separate a mixture of ethanol
(alcohol), water and sand into its separate components? 11. Ali carried out a chromatography experiment using a coloured dye and the result is
(SPE/2011/Q9) shown in below. How many different colours are present in the coloured dye?
(SPE/2009/Q8)
A. Evaporate the ethanol  Filter the mixture of sand and water.
B. Evaporate the water  Filter the mixture of ethanol and sand. A. 2
C. Filter the mixture  Distil the mixture of ethanol and water. B. 3
D. Filter the mixture  Evaporate the ethanol in a beaker. C. 4
D. 5
9. Study figure below carefully. It shows the distillation process of muddy water.
12. Figure below shows a chromatogram obtained from a police investigation. Which suspect
A, B, C or D is most likely to have been at the crime scene?
(SPE/2010/Q14)

Which one of the following processes and changes of states take place at part X and Y?
(SPE/2011/Q10)

X Y

Process Changes of Process Changes of
state state

A. Boiling Liquid  Gas Condensation Gas  Liquid 13. Figure below shows a clothing factory dumping waste water containing toxic dyes into
the river. Azmi collected some water samples from the river and wanted to prove that the
B. Boiling Gas  Liquid Condensation Liquid  Gas dyes are harmful. Which method could he use to separate the dyes into different colours?
(SPE/2011/Q14)
C. Condensation Gas  Liquid Boiling Liquid  Gas
A. Chromatography.
D. Condensation Liquid  Gas Boiling Gas  Liquid B. Crystallisation.
C. Distillation.
D. Filtration.

68 69
14. Which is the correct method to separate coloured dyes?
17. Study figure on apparatus used for separating substances in the laboratory.
(SPE/2012/Q8) (SPE/2013/Q44)
A. Chromatography.
B. Distillation. a) Which apparatus set-up in figure above is used to
C. Evaporation. i) separate a mixture of salt and sand? [1] ________________________________
D. Filtration. ii) obtain pure water from sea water?[1] ________________________________

15. A sample of ink was compared with four different dyes using chromatography. The results b) Name the process to
are shown in figure below. Which two dyes does this ink contain?
(SPE/2014/Q11) i) obtain pure water from sea water. [1] ________________________________
A. 1 and 2.
B. 1 and 4. ii) separate salt from salt solution. [1] ________________________________
C. 2 and 3.
D. 2 and 4. 18. The health department is investigating whether a factory is using food dyes which are
banned by the government. Dye Y and Z are the banned food dyes. Should the factory
16. Ali added two spoonfuls of chalk powder to 50 cm3 of water in a beaker. After stirring, be found guilty of using any of the banned dyes, the factory will be fined a sum of $5000.
he left the mixture to stand for 10 minutes as shown in figure below.
(SPE/2011/Q43a) The scientist carries out an experiment in figure below to find out if the factory has been
using the banned food dyes. The steps shown are not in order.
a) What changes, if any, will he observe in the beaker? [1] (SPE/2015/Q43)
____________________________________________________________________________________

b) Explain your observation in part a). [1]
____________________________________________________________________________________

c) Suggest a way to get back the chalk powder. [1]
____________________________________________________________________________________

70 71
What is the scientific name for describing a chromatography paper that is filled with
a) Arrange the steps in the correct order. [1] different coloured spots? [1]
____________________________________________________________________________________
Steps   c) Based on the results,
i) Identify all the food dye(s) present in the sample? [1]
b) Figure below shows the results of the experiment.
__________________________________________________________________________________
ii) do you think the factory‟s company will be fined $5000? Why? [2]

__________________________________________________________________________________
d) The dye in food is made from a mixture of compounds. Based on the results in figure

above, which food dye(s) is made up of more than one compound? [1]
____________________________________________________________________________________
19. Figure below shows a mixture of salts and sand.
(SPE/2017/Q43b & c)

Saiful uses the apparatus in figure below to separate the mixtures.

The steps below describe his technique of separating the sand from salt, but they are not
in the correct order.

72 73

A Collect sand on the filter paper. Step 4: ____________________________________________________________________________
B Pour the mixture of salt and sand into a beaker. ____________________________________________________________________________
C Pour the salt solution from the conical flask into an evaporating dish.
D Add distilled water to the beaker. The water will dissolve the salt in the mixture. Stir Step 5: ____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
well with a glass rod.
E Heat the evaporating dish with a Bunsen burner until all the water has evaporated, b) Explain why the line is drawn in pencil and not in ink? [1]
____________________________________________________________________________________
leaving behind the salt.
F Place the filter paper into the funnel. Pour the mixture of sand and salt solution c) When should the student remove the chromatogram from the boiling tube? [1]
____________________________________________________________________________________
through the filter paper and funnel.
d) Another Year 7 student wants to find which coloured dyes have been mixed together
a) Write the correct order in the boxes. The first one has been done for you [5] to make dye X. She separates a sample of dye X and samples of coloured dyes using
paper chromatography. Her results are shown in the figure below.
BStep 
i. Which colour is present in dye X? [1]
b) Liza carelessly picked up the evaporating dish from Step E. She suffered a mild burn on ______________________________________________________________________________
her hand. Describe a first aid treatment for this burn. [1]
ii. Which coloured dye contains a substance not present in any other coloured
_____________________________________________________________________________________ dyes? [1]
______________________________________________________________________________
20. The following list of materials:

Chromatography paper Alcohol Ruler Split cork
Boiling tube Coloured ink Pencil Dropper

Figure below shows a diagram of these materials set up for paper chromatography.
(SPE/2018/Q45)

a) Outline the steps that a Year 7 students could use to set up
the apparatus as shown in figure. Step 1 has been done for
you. [4]

Step 1: Use a pencil to draw the baseline across the
chromatography paper.

Step 2: _____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

Step 3: ____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

74 75

TOPIC 4.4: USES AND CONSERVATION OF WATER CHAPTER 5: CELL STRUCTURE AND ORGANISATION

1. Which of the following is the correct way of conserving water? TOPIC 5.1: BASIC MICROSCOPY AND SCIENTIFIC DRAWING SKILLS
(SPE/2013/Q12)
1. Andy wanted to find out if there are living things in drain water. Which instrument or
apparatus should he use?
(SPE/2009/Q12)

A. Magnifying glass.
B. Light microscope.
C. Scanning electron microscope.
D. Telescope.

2. Munah examines a biology specimen under a microscope. The objective lens has a
magnification of X40 and the eye piece lens is X10. What is the magnification of the
image of the specimen?
(SPE/2010/Q23)

A. X40
B. X100
C. X160
D. X400

3. The following are steps on how to use a light microscope.
W – Adjust high power lens to get a sharp image.
X – Adjust the mirror so that light is reflected onto the slides.
Y – Place the slide on the stage band hold it with clips.
Z – Turn the small adjustment knob to obtain a clear image.

Which of the following sequences is correct for using the microscope?
(SPE/2011/Q6)

A. W  X Y Z

B. Z Y X W

C. Y  X Z W

D. X  Y WZ

76 77

4. Which of the following is the correct function of parts labelled X and Y in figure below? 6. Figure below show the steps of preparing a slide of onion cells for observation under a
(SPE/2013/Q13) microscope. The steps are not in order.

X Y
Increase magnification of
A. Adjust the focus for sharper objective lenses
image Adjust the focus for sharper image

B. Increase magnification of Reflects light into microscope
objectives lenses
Increase or decrease
C. Increase or decrease magnification of viewing
magnification of viewing

D. Reflects light into microscope

The correct steps for preparing the slide is
(SPE/2015/Q14)

5. Figure below shows a light microscope. I  iii  iv
 iv  ii i
A. ii  iii  ii i
B. iii  iii I  ii
C. iv
D. iv

Which part of the microscope is used for focusing a sharper image?
(SPE/2014/Q13)

78 79
8. Figure below shows a diagram of a wolf spider.
7. Minah used her scientific drawing skills to draw and label her diagram based on her
observation of a real flower shown in figure below.

Which of the following best represents a scientific drawing of the wolf spider in figure above.
(SPE/2017/Q18)

Which of the following best represents a scientific diagram of the flower?
(SPE/2016/Q15)

TOPIC 5.2: MAIN STRUCTURES OF ANIMAL AND PLANT CELLS

1. Figure below shows a plant cell. Which part of a plant does this cell come from and why?
(SPE/2010/Q18)

The cell comes from Reason

A. Leaf It contains chloroplasts.

B. Stem It has a thick cell wall.

C. Flower It has a large nucleus.

D. Root It has a large vacuole.

80 81

2. Figure below shows a transparent grid with squares of size 1 cm2 on top of a leaf. Estimate 6. Two scientists, Scientist A and Scientist B, discover a mystery cell shown in figure below.
the area of the leaf that contains the pigment chlorophyll. Scientist A believes that the mystery cell is an animal cell and Scientist B believes that it is
(SPE/2018/Q4) a plant cell.

A. 1 cm2
B. 3 cm2
C. 6 cm2
D. 9 cm2

3. A plant cell is shown below. Which structures in the plant cell are not present in an animal What is the reason for Scientist A to believe it is an animal cell and Scientist B to believe it
cell?
(SPE/2009/Q13) is a plant cell?

A. Structure W, X and Y. (SPE/2016/Q17)
B. Structure X, Y and Z.
C. Structure W, Y and Z. Reason
D. Structure W, X and Z.
Scientist A Scientist B

A. Mystery cell has cell membrane Mystery cell has cell wall
B. Mystery cell has cell membrane Mystery cell has chloroplast
C. Mystery cell has chloroplast Mystery cell has cell wall
D. Mystery cell has cell wall Mystery cell has chloroplast

4. Which of the function given for the plant cell structure is correct? 7. Emilia took some cells from a plant and an animal. She labeled the cells J, K, L and M. She
(SPE/2012/Q15) observed them under a microscope and recorded her observations in table below.

Cell structure Function Cell J Cell Cell wall Chloroplast Nucleus Cytoplasm
A. Cell wall Gives support and maintains shape of cell Cell K membrane
B. Chloroplast Contains cell sap made of dissolved materials Cell L / / / /
C. Nucleus Controls materials moving in and out of cell Cell M / X X / /
D. Vacuole Stores food made during photosynthesis X X X /
/ / / / /

/

/

5. Which one of the following is found in ALL plant and animal cells? Which of the groups correctly represent animal and plant cells?
(SPE/2011/Q7) (SPE/2017/Q19)

A. Cell wall Animal cells Plant cells
B. Cytoplasm Cell L and M
C. Nucleus A. Cell J and K Cell K and M
D. Vacuole B. Cell J and M Cell J and M
C. Cell K and L Cell J and M
D. Cell L and M

82 83

8. Three samples of cells were observed under the microscope and the results were TOPIC 5.3: ORGANISATION OF CELLS IN HUMANS

recorded in table below.

Cell 1 Cell 2 Cell 3 1. Cells of the same kind that do the same work are grouped together to form TRUE / FALSE
a tissue.
Nucleus / / / (SPE/2017/Q42e)

Cell wall / X /

Cytoplasm / / /

Chloroplast X X / 2. An organ is a group of similar cells that work together. TRUE / FALSE
(SPE/2009/Section B Q2b)
Cell membrane / / / (SPE/2016/Q42b)

/ = present X = absent 3. A „system‟ is the part of an organism that carries out a certain function. TRUE / FALSE
(SPE/2012/Q42a)
Which of the following classification is correct?
(SPE/2018/Q15) 4. The diagrams below shows the different level of cell organization in an animal body.
Which of the following shows a tissue?
Animal cell Plant cell (SPE/2015/Q13)
3 only
A. 1 and 2 2 only
B. 1 and 3 1 and 3
C. 2 only 1 and 2
D. 3 only

9. Figure a shows a diagram of cell membrane of a plant cell taken from a green leaf. A. B. C. D.
Figure b shows a complete structure of an animal cell. 5. Figure below shows different levels of organization of cells in a human.
(SPE/2014/Q47d)

a) On figure a, draw and label two structures which are found in plant cells but not in Which of the following is the correct level organization of the cells?
animal cells. [2] (SPE/2016/Q16)

b) State one similarity between plant cells and animal cells. [1] A. (i)  (ii)  (iii)  (iv)
B. (i)  (iii)  (ii)  (iv)
______________________________________________________________________________ C. (i)  (iii)  (iv)  (ii)
D. (i)  (iv)  (iii)  (ii)

84 85
9. Figure below represents a human organ system responsible for the movement of blood.
6. Figure below shows the different levels of cell organization in a human but they are not in
the correct order. Name the human system in figure below?
(SPE/2015/Q15)
Which of the following correctly identifies the levels of cell organization in the figure? A. Digestive system.
(SPE/2018/Q16) B. Respiratory system.
C. Reproductive system.
1 2 3 4 D. Transport system.
A. organ cell system tissue
B. organ tissue system cell 10. Study the diagram in figure below. Which two systems of the human body are
C. system cell organ tissue represented in figure above?
D. system tissue organ cell (SPE/2017/Q28)
A. Digestive and transport systems.
7. Figure below shows two structures S and T found in the human body. What type of B. Reproductive and digestive systems.
structures are S and T? C. Reproductive and respiratory systems.
(SPE/2014/Q14) D. Respiratory and transport systems.

S T 11. The diagrams in figure below show the systems present inside a human being.
A. Organ Organ
B. Organ System Name the system labelled A, B and C above. [3]
C. System Organ (SPE/2013/Q45)
D. System System
A - _____________________________________________________________________
8. Which of the following represents the breathing system of the human being? B - _____________________________________________________________________
(SPE/2012/Q17) C - _____________________________________________________________________

86 87
4. Study the experiment in figure below.
CHAPTER 6: FORCE AND PRESSURE

TOPIC 6.1: FORCES

1. Figure below shows the weight of the same astronaut on earth and on the moon. Explain
the difference in his weight.
(SPE/2018/Q18)

To ensure a fair test, which of the following variables should stay the same throughout the
experiment?
(SPE/2015/Q16)

A. The force of gravity on the moon is equal to that on earth. Mass of wooden block Type of spring balance Type of surface
B. The force of gravity on the moon is lesser than that on earth. A. / / /
C. The force of gravity on the moon is more than that on earth. B. X X /
D. The force of gravity on the moon is zero. C. / / X
D. X / X
2. An astronaut carried out an experiment on the surface of the moon by dropping a
screwdriver and a piece of tissue paper from the same height and at the same place. it Key: / = Yes X = No
was observed that both objects reached the moon‟s surface at the same time. What is
the explanation for this observation? 5. Malik carried out an experiment to find out how different surfaces A, B, C and D affect
(SPE/2009/Q9) the distance moved by a 200 g wooden block. The same amount of force was applied to
the wooden block as indicated by the arrow. Which of the surfaces below produces the
A. There is no friction because the moon has no atmosphere. most friction?
B. The screwdriver and tissue paper have the same weight in a vacuum. (SPE/2016/Q19)
C. The screwdriver and tissue paper have the same mass on the moon.
D. There is no gravity on the moon.

3. Figure below shows Azim pushing a box on the floor.
What type of force R is acting in the opposite direction on the box?
(SPE/2011/Q16)

A. Friction.
B. Gravity.
C. Magnetic.
D. Turning.

88 89

6. Snails produce mucus to help them along the ground. How does the mucus help snails When we stretch a rubber band, it becomes longer and thinner. This shows that forces
move? can change the _____________________ or size of an object. Forces can also change the
(SPE/2018/Q17) ____________________ of an object, e.g. a ball being stopped by a player. Slowing down a
car by pressing the brake makes use of a force called friction. The force of friction is
A. Mucus leaves a trail on the ground. higher between ____________________ surfaces as compared to smooth ones. Friction also
B. Mucus lowers the temperature of the ground. converts kinetic energy into ____________________ energy. Oil can be used to reduce
C. Mucus reduces friction. friction between moving parts in a machine. This is called ____________________.
D. Mucus reduces the snail‟s mass
3. Which of the following is NOT an effect of a force?
7. Figure below shows a person moving a 50 kg box up a ramp. (SPE/2012/Q11)
(SPE/2013/Q46a)
A. Changes the direction of a moving object.
a) In which diagram would you have to apply more force to move the box? [1] B. Changes the mass of an object.
_____________________________________________________________________________ C. Changes the shape of the object.
D. Changes the speed of the object.
b) Give a reason for your answer. [1]
_____________________________________________________________________________ 4. Which property of the ball remains unchanged when a boy kicks a ball?
(SPE/2014/Q15)
TOPIC 6.2: EFFECTS OF FORCES TRUE / FALSE
A. Mass of the ball.
1. Forces can change the mass of an object. B. Shape of the ball.
(SPE/2010/Q42d) C. Size of the ball.
D. Speed of the ball.
2. Use words from the following list to complete the passage below. Each word may be
used once, or not at all. [5] 5. One of the effects of forces is changing the direction of a moving object. Study the list
(SPE/2009/Section B Q1) below:

direction heat lubrication mass rough I Change the shape of an object
II Change the speed of a moving object
shape speed motion potential III Change the mass of an object
IV Stop a moving object

Which items in the list are also the effects of forces on an object?
(SPE/2016/Q18)

A. I, II, III and IV
B. I, II and III only
C. I, II and IV only
D. I and II only

90 91
TOPIC 6.4: WORK DONE
6. A ball is rolling towards the right. A force is applied on the ball in the opposite direction as 1. In which of the following situations, is work done?
shown in figure below. Which of the following effects could happen to the ball?
(SPE/2017/Q20) (SPE/2013/Q14)

i. It stops moving completely. 2. Weightlifting involves a number of different stages. At which stage is no work done?
ii. It rolls backwards (to the left). (SPE/2014/Q16)
iii. It rolls forward at a slower speed.
iv. It rolls forward at a faster speed.

A. (i) (ii)
B. (ii) (iii)
C. (i) (ii) (iii)
D. (ii) (iii) (iv)

TOPIC 6.3: MEASUREMENT OF FORCES

1. A student puts a block of wood on a table as shown on figure below. She wants to
measure the force needed to move the block to the left.

Which one of the following instruments should be used?
(SPE/2018/Q19)

2. Figure below shows two identical blocks of wood, P and Q. Two sets of forces are applied 3. Anita picked up two boxes from the floor up to a height of 50 cm as shown below.
to move the blocks of wood. Calculate the work done by Anita if each box weighs 10 N.
(SPE/2009/Q15)
In which direction will P and Q move?
(SPE/2012/Q12) A. 5 J
B. 10 J
A. Both P and Q will move to the right. C. 500 J
B. P will move to the right while Q will move to the left. D. 1000 J
C. P will move to the right while Q will not move.
D. P will not move while Q will move to the right.

92 93
9. What is the work done when a forklift raises a 400 N object through a height of 2 m, as
4. Fathin lifted two dumb bells 80 cm above the floor as shown in figure below. Calculate
the work done by Fathin? shown in figure below?
(SPE/2010/Q22) (SPE/2018/Q20)
A. 200 J
A. 10 joules. B. 402 J
B. 64 joules. C. 602 J
C. 640 joules. D. 800 J
D. 1280 joules.
10. Figure below shows an athlete whose body weighs 750 N running up a flight of stairs of 15
5. Figure below shows Zainal carrying a sack of „Beras Laila‟ weighing 100N up a flight of steps.
stairs. Calculate the work done by Zainal if his body weight is 550N? (SPE/2009/Section B Q4a i and ii)
(SPE/2011/Q23) a) Calculate the work done by the athlete to run to the top. [2]

A. 9750 joules. b) What is the work done by the athlete if he climbed just one step of the stairs? [2]
B. 8250 joules.
C. 7800 joules. 11. Figure below shows Wafi pushing a shopping trolley up a ramp. Calculate the work done
D. 6600 joules. by Wafi. [2]
(SPE/2010/Q44bi)
6. Figure below shows a 500 N athlete runs up a hill through a height of 5 metres in 50
seconds. Calculate the work done in reaching the top of the hill.
(SPE/2013/Q15)

A. 500 / 50 = 10 Nm
B. 500 / 5 = 100 Nm
C. 500 X 5 = 2500 Nm
D. 500 X 50 = 25000 Nm

7. Adnan weighs 500N. He climbs up the escalator and reach the first floor in 25 seconds.
Calculate the work done by Adnan.
(SPE/2015/Q17)

A. 0 J
B. 5000 J
C. 7500 J
D. 125 000 J

8. A worker lifted a 5 kg concrete block into a lorry of height of 1.5 m in 3 minutes. Next he
lifted a 20 kg concrete block into a lorry at the same height (1.5 m) and time (3 minutes)
as shown in figure below. Which of the following is correct?
(SPE/2016/Q20)

A. The work done is the same for both blocks.
B. The work done is less for the 5 kg block
C. The work done is less for the 20 kg block.
D. The work done is more for the 5 kg block.

94 95
12. A conveyor belt connected to an electric motor is used to load sacks of rice on to a lorry
3. What are the SI units for Force, Energy and Pressure?
at a rate of 5000 N per minute. The conveyor belt is moving at a constant speed. (SPE/2011/Q18)
Calculate the work done by the electric motor in moving the sacks of rice from the
bottom to the top of the conveyor belt at constant speed. [2] Force Energy Pressure
(SPE/2011/Q45a & b) A. Watt Pascal Joule
B. Joule Watt
13. An electric motor is used to raise a 500 N block through a height of 3 metres in 10 seconds C. Newton Joule Newton
as shown in figure below. Calculate the work done in raising the 500 N block. [2] D. Pascal Newton Pascal
(SPE/2012/Q44b) Watt

4. Diagram below shows a block of metal with a round bottom base which was left on the
floor on sides labeled A, B, C and D in turn. On which side, will the block of metal exert the
highest pressure on the floor?
(SPE/2009/Q11)

TOPIC 6.5: PRESSURE

1. Pressure is the force per unit area. TRUE / FALSE 5. Figure below shows a block of wood placed on soft sand, first in horizontal position 1, then
(SPE/2010/Q42b) in vertical position 2. Which of the following correctly compare the force and pressure at
position 1 and 2?
2. Complete the following passage by using the helping words provided. You may use the (SPE/2013/Q16)
word once, more than once or none at all. [5]
(SPE/2015/Q41) Force Pressure
A. Different Different
force increase sinking pascal B. Different
C. Same Same
damage distance decrease energy D. Same Different

Pressure is defined as ____________________ per unit area. The SI unit of pressure is newton Same
per square metre or ____________________. A force of 18 N acting over an area of 6 m2
causes a pressure of 3 N/m3. If the same force of 18N acts on an area of 3m2, the pressure
will ____________________. It is for this reason the bulldozer have a large surface area to
prevent it from ____________________ easily into the mud or sand. In comparison to a lady‟s
shoe with a high heel, which have a very small area will produce a high pressure thus will
____________________ the floor.

96 97
6. Study the diagram below. 10. Study figure below carefully. Rizal and Ahmad are going for a walk on beaches covered

Why do high heel shoes damage the floor more than the by thick soft sands. Rizal is wearing a pair of boots. Ahmad is wearing his boots on „sand
sport shoes? shoe‟.
(SPE/2016/Q21) (SPE/2009/Section B Q4b)

A. High heel has smaller surface area and produce more pressure. Who will be able to walk more easily on the soft sand? Explain your answer. [2]
B. High heel has smaller surface area and produce less pressure. _______________________________________________________________________________________
C. High heel has larger surface area and produce more pressure. _______________________________________________________________________________________
D. High heel has larger surface area and produce less pressure. 11. Figure below shows a 25 N block acting on the box.
(SPE/2010/Q44a)
7. An A-shaped object is placed in four different positions on a table. Which one of the
positions above does the object exert the greatest amount of pressure in its resting a) Name the type of force acting on the box. [1]
surface? ______________________________________________
(SPE/2018/Q21)
b) Calculate the volume of the brick. [1]
8. A brick weighing 25N is placed on the ground as shown in figure below. Which of the
following calculations to find the pressure (in N/cm2) exerted by the brick on the ground is c) Calculate the area of the brick in contact with the floor. [1]
correct?
(SPE/2011/Q19) d) Calculate the pressure exerted by the brick on the floor. [2]

A. 25/10 X 5
B. 25/20 X 10
C. 25 X 5/20
D. 25 X 10/5

9. Which of the following wooden blocks exerts the greatest pressure on the ground?
(SPE/2014/Q17)

98 99
_____________________________________________________________________________
QUESTIONS ON GRAPH

1. A group of students did an experiment to investigate the stretching of a spring by setting
up the apparatus as shown in figure below. A spring is hung from a wooden rod with a
load attached to the lower end of the spring.
(SPE/2012/Q48)

a) On the diagram, mark:

i) the length, l, of the spring. [1]

ii) the position of the ruler used to measure the length, l. [1]

iii) the position of your eye to find the reading for the bottom of the spring. [1]
b) The students varied the loads and measured the length, l, of the stretched spring. The

readings of the length, l, and the loads, F, are recorded in the table.

l/cm F/N

7.6 1.0

11.5 2.0

15.0 3.0

18.7 4.0

22.8 5.0

26.8 6.0

Plot the graph of length, l, on the y-axis against the load, F, on the x-axis. [5]

c) Use your graph to find the value of the length, l, for a load of 2.5 N. [1]

_____________________________________________________________________________
d) From the graph plotted, it can be concluded that: [1]

_____________________________________________________________________________

100 101

2. Figure below shows two cyclists. Cyclist A and B moving along a track. The distance
travelled by both was measured every 2 seconds.
(SPE/2014/Q48)

The data collected for cyclist B is presented in Table below.

Distance 0 10 20 30 40 50
10
travelled / m

Time / s 02 4 6 8

a) Draw a graph of distance travelled against time of cyclist B using the graph paper
below. [3]
The graph for cyclist A has been done for you.

b) Use the graph to determine the:
i) distance travelled by each cyclist in 5 seconds: [2]
Cyclist A: ____________________ Cyclist B: ____________________
ii) the time taken to travel a distance of 62 m by cyclist A. [1]
____________________________________________________________________________
iii) expected time taken to travel a distance of 54 m by cyclist B. [1]
____________________________________________________________________________
iV) which cyclist travelled furthest in 7 s? [1]
____________________________________________________________________________

c) i) Name the force between the tyres and the track that stops the bicycle from skidding.
[1]
____________________________________________________________________________

ii) Give one disadvantage of the force you name in c) i). [1]
____________________________________________________________________________

102 103
force is used to move a 500 g wooden block at 1.5 m over the rough plank.
3. a) Figure below shows the apparatus used by a group of students to investigate the work i) Is the work done on a rough plank greater or less than the work done on a smooth
done produced when a 500g wooden block is pulled over at different distances on the
same type of plank. plank? [1]
(SPE/2017/Q48) __________________________________________________________________________________
ii) Explain why. [1]
__________________________________________________________________________________

A force of 3 N is used to pull the wooded block at various distances.
i. State one variable that are kept the same in this experiment. [1]

_________________________________________________________________________________
ii. State one variable that is not kept the same in this experiment. [1]

_________________________________________________________________________________
b) Table below shows the force used to move a 500 g wooden block at different distances.

Force used (N) 3 333
Distance moved (m) 0.5 1.5 2.5 3.5
Work done (J) 1.5 4.5 (i) ______ (ii) ______

Calculate the work done for bi) and ii). [2]
c) i) Using the information in Table above, plot a graph of work done (y-axis) against

distance (x-axis) on the provided graph paper. [3]
ii) Use the graph to find the work done at a distance of 3 m. [1]

__________________________________________________________________________________
d) The students replaced the plank with another plank that has a rough surface. A 5 N