Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 101 iv) Fainting -a]xf]z x'g'_ Faint is a brief loss of consciousness caused by a temporary reduction of the blood flow to the brain. Fainting may be a reaction to pain, exhaustion, warmness and lack of food or emotional stress. When a person faints, the pulse rate becomes very slow. However, the rate soon picks up and returns to normal. A casualty who has fainted usually makes a rapid and complete recovery. First Aid i. Keep the casualty at open space comfortably to have plenty fresh air. First Aid to the casualty of fainting ii. Advise the casualty to lie down. Kneel down, raise the legs and support the ankles on your shoulders. This helps to improve the blood flow to the brain. iii. As the casualty recovers, reassure to sit up gradually. If s / he faint again advise to lie down and raise and support legs until recovers fully. iv. If the situation starts to become worse, do not delay to take or send to the nearby hospital or health center.
102 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) v) Snake Bite -;k{ b+z_ Snake bite is a major health problem in Nepal. It is a crucial health problem in Tarai region. Every year more than ten thousands snake bites cases are found in Nepal. Among them, more than 200 people have been losing their lives due to poisonous snake bite. It is merely seen in summer and rainy season. Cobra Karait All the snakes are not poisonous. Only some snakes are poisonous. Two poisonous snakes are commonly found in Tarai region of Nepal. They are cobra and karait. Karait is sixteen times poisonous than cobra. It is mostly found in Nepal, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Bhutan and Myanmar. Cobra is also seen in lower part of hilly region. Their bites supply the very strong venom to our body that may cause instant death. Snake venom instantly stops the heart-beat and breathing of the victim. But provision of right treatment against snake-bite easily saves the life. Anti snake venom is given to the victim of poisonous snake. This vaccine is available at the hospitals of Terai region and others. Safety Measures We can adopt the following safety measures against the snake bite. i. Clear the bushes, weeds and dirt around the home because snakes may hide there. ii. Maintain the sanitation around the home because poor sanitation increases the rats and snakes.
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 103 iii. Destroy the hole and creeks around the home. iv. Walk with the shoes and work with gum boot in the field. v. Maintain the proper lighting system around the home. vi. Use the torch light while walking at night. vii. Do not agitate the snakes by throwing stones, pebbles and wooden pieces. Identification of snake bites First Aid i. Help the victim to lie down and reassure to keep calm and still. ii. Gently wash the wound and pat dry with clean swab (cloth). iii. Lightly compress the limb above the wound with a roller bandage. Use the triangular bandages to immobilize the affected area. iv. If the victim becomes unconscious, open the airway and check breathing, be prepared to give rescue breaths (artificial respiration) and chest compressions if necessary. v. Take or send the victim to the nearby hospital as soon as possible. Do not do the followings: Do not apply any type of tourniquet, it may cause the numb of affected area. Do not cut (slash) the wound with knife or blade or scissors, it may cause the excessive bleeding and worsening of the bite.
104 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) Do not attempt to suck out the venom; it may take the life of the sucker. 3.3 Design a manual for the first aid service of snake bite and keep in the book corner of your classroom or academic block. 3.4. Road Accident (RTA) and Prevention The road traffic accident is one of the major health problems in Nepal. The rate of accidents and its casualty has been increasing in the country. Any one may fall in the road accidents. It hurts physically and mentally. The hurts may be minor or complicated. All the users of road must follow the traffic rules and regulations to prevent road accidents and for the safe travel. Prevention of Road Accident Pedestrians must used the footpath. Use the zebra-crossing, sub-way and overhead bridge to cross the road. A road in Kathmandu
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 105 Use the helmet on cycle and motorcycle. Use the seat-belt in vehicles. Limit the speed and give the signal to change the side and lane and to park. Use the parking zone carefully. Admire the traffic light and signals given by traffic police. Avoid the using of mobile phone while driving. No drinking while driving. First Aid for the injured of RTA The following first aid techniques can be applied at the spot to the casualty: i. Clear the crowd of people around the spot. ii. Rescue the casualty from the trapping of vehicles and others. iii. Keep the casualty at recovery place and encourage him \ her iv. Stop the bleeding if occurs. v. Check the vital signs i.e. breathe, pulse, heartbeat, etc. If unconscious provide the artificial respiration to the casualty. vi. Inform the police and ambulance to take or send to the hospital or health post. Key Points: First aid is an immediate aid or treatment to the victim on the spot after the accidents. Injuries to soft tissues or parts around bones are commonly called sprain. Only one Subway of Nepal at Bhotahity, Kathmandu
106 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) A fracture is a break or crack in a bone. Fracture is normally two types: Open and Closed fracture. An electric shock passes the electric current into our body. Faint is a brief loss of consciousness caused by a temporary reduction of the blood flow to the brain. Snake bite is a major community health problem in Nepal. Anti snake venom is given to the victim. The technique RICE (Rest, Ice / Cooling, Compression and Elevation) is applied for the victim of sprain. The first aid box is a box that is used to store the first aid kits. If the first aid kit is not available at the accidents spot then we must use locally available materials. The road traffic accident is one of the major health problems in Nepal. A. Choose and circle (O) the best options from the given alternatives. 1. First aid is an _____________________ to the victim on the spot after the accidents. a) Immediate treatment b) Planned treatment 2. What is called breaking of bone? a) Fracture b) Sprain 3. An electric shock is very dangerous because __________________ a) It causes death within a second b) It passes the electricity 4. A brief loss of consciousness of body is termed as a) Fainting b) Heart attack 6. Which snake is sixteen times poisonous than cobra? a) Karait b) Python 7. What is the vaccine that is used against poisonous snake bite? a) Anti-snake venom b) IPV
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 107 B. Write short answer of the following questions. (1) What is first aid? Define. (2) What is first aid box? (3) Define sprain. (4) What are the preventive measures to sprain? (5) What is fracture? Define. (6) What is the meaning of RICE? (7) What are the types of fracture? State. (8) Show the differences between open and closed fracture. (9) What are the causes of electric shock? Write. (10) Define fainting. (11) Name two poisonous snakes that are found in Tarai. (12) Why should we discard the use of any type of tourniquet in first aid of snake bite? Give reason. (13) What is the meaning of road accident? Write. C. Write long answer of the following questions. (1) Enlist any ten first aid kits. (2) What are the preventive measures to sprain? (3) What are the first aid methods to sprain? Write. (4) Write the first aid to open fracture. (5) Write down the preventive measures against electric shock. (6) Write down the rescue procedures to casualty of electric shock. (7) What is the first aid to casualty of electric shock? (8) What are the first aids to a fainted person? Write. (9) What are safety measures against snake bite? (10) What are the first aids against snake bite? (11) What are the first aids for the casualty of the road accident? (12) What are the precautions in first aid of snake bite? (13) What are the methods to prevent the road accident? Write.
108 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) Project Work a) Create some slogans against road accidents. Write them in the chart or card board papers and display in your class or school among the friends. b) Make a list of Ambulance Service Providers of your community or rural / municipality. Mention their contact address and telephone numbers also. Enrich Your Power! White cross for First Aid The internationally accepted symbol for the first aid is white cross on a green background. Please, remember these Hotline Numbers for Emergency Service inside the country. Name of Service Provider Hotline Numbers English Nepali Nepal Police Hotline Service g]kfn k|x/L x6nfOg ;]jf 100 Armed Police Force (APF) Nepal Hotline Service ;z:q k|x/L an g]kfn x6nfOg ;]jf 1114 Nepal Red cross Society Hotline Service g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6L x6nfOg ;]jf 1130
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 109 Sexual and 5 Reproductive Health Unit COURSE CONTENTS: Lesson Topics 1 Sex Identification and Orientation 2 Sexual Harassment 3 Menstruation, Stigma and Health Estimated Teaching Hours: 6 Hours (Working Hours)
110 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) Lesson 1 Sexual and Reproductive Health 1.1. Introduction Sexual and reproductive health is an integral part of human health. Our sexual and reproductive organs must be healthy and well to acquire a good health. Our genital organs need proper hygiene and care otherwise they may infect and disturb our body and life. Sexual and reproductive health concerns the maintaining and promotion of our sexual organs in natural ways. We must be free from any kind of hesitation and shame to clean and treat the sexual organs. 1.2. Sex Identification and Orientation Sex is a natural identification of an individual. It is a biological appearance of human being. It gives the sexual identification as male and female. Sex orientation indicates the homosexual. Initially, it is said as a sexual disorder. It is believed that sex orientation is also an unnatural sexual activity of human being. This was the wrong concept. This is very common and minor sexual behaviour in the western society. Simply, we can say that homosexual is a relationship between two same (homo) sexes. The females having such relationship are termed as lesbian while males are gay. Third sex also includes in sex orientation. 1.3. Sexual Harassment and Safe Way Sexual harassment is a common but serious problem in young stage. Mainly, school girl and young lady / woman are being the victim of sexual harassment. It can be observed in public transportation, park, Gender Sign
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 111 cinema hall, working station and classrooms. Though, the reports reveal that people of both sexes and all age groups may be victim of sexual harassment. The attempt to touch the sensitive parts of the lady / woman (sometimes even boy / man), writing text, sending video / audio and displaying items having sex sense promote the sexual harassment. The bulling, teasing, prank and embrace with sexual intention are also considered as sex abuse. Moreover, the physical assault with bad intention is a form of sexual harassment. There may be mishandling of phone, gadgets, internet and social sites for the abuse. The extreme sexual harassment may lead to the sex crime and acid attack. A mobile phone user The children and lady/woman should feel secure wherever they are. The sexual harassment must be discouraged in the community and dare to report on time if you feel insecure. There must be open discussion on safeguarding and sexual harassment. The sexual harassment causes physical, mental and social problems in the life of the victim. Safe Ways from Sexual Harassment The child, young lady and woman should be aware about the activity of nearby people. The young lady and woman should be alert before sharing their personal contact number, e-mail Id and ID of social site.
112 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) The people especially young lady and woman should be alert while sharing, taking and recording their personal / group photo, video and activity. The child, young lady and woman should take the actions if they feel insecure and report to the authorized unit / agency. The people should be known about the sexual harassment and its negative effects. 1.1 Organize an intra-class oratory on the topic of “Sexual harassment, an evil act”. You can co-ordinate with your school’s co-curricular department for the program. 1.4. Menstruation, Stigma and Reproductive Health a. Menstruation The menstruation is a simple biological process of female body. It is essential to clean and maintain the uterus of female. The menstruation starts with adolescence stage of girls. It may take place at the age of 9-11 years. Menstruation is a regular bleeding process through vagina due to damage of inner wall of uterus. The bleeding occurs about 4-5 days. The time duration between two menstruation periods is about one month (28 days). The first case of Menstruation Process / Period A Slogan for Public Awareness
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 113 menstruation is called menarche. This process continues up to the age of 45 -50 years and menopause takes place. b. Stigma and Superstitions There are several stigma associated with menstruation in the community. The culture, religion, social practice and little knowledge have the roles in the existence of stigma and superstitions. The isolation, untouchability, making Chhaugoth (shed), avoiding fruits, milk (especially cow milk and products), egg, meat and drinking of water are some serious practices during the menstruation. It is believed that these malpractices protect us from the evil in the family and personal life. The god and goddess can be happy with them. So, kitchen, bedroom, well, taps, store, school and temple are restricted zones for the menstruated woman. Their belongings are also rejected to use in the family. They are compared as jutho / chhoieko (It means wretch). It is a highly conservative and rude thought which is responsible for the stress. The Chhaugoth or Chhaupadi is a life threaten and uncivilized social turmoil. c. Impact on Reproductive Health The stigmas are deteriorating the sexual and reproductive health of a menstruated girl / woman. The poor hygiene, unsafe isolation, lack of water, rest and nutrition are causing the infection, venereal diseases and cervical problems. It blocks the natural growth and development of fast growing girls. A girl’s question against social stigma of Menstruation / Period
114 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 1.5. Adolescents Friendly Sexual and Reproductive Health service The adolescents may have numerous issues that regard sexual and reproductive health. These issues are extremely sensitive and private matters. The socio-cultural background plays the crucial role to share and manage such sexual issues. The sexual curiosity, unwanted pregnancy, abortion and STIs are included in sexual and reproductive issues. The female adolescents may be more serious and panic. The health institutions such as hospital, health post, etc., medical persons and health workers should pay the right attention to assure the adolescents medical services. The adolescents should feel comfort to visit the health institutions and health workers. It is a common duty to maintain the privacy and they must have friendly atmosphere to share their problems. Key Points: Sexual and reproductive health is an integral part of human health. Sex is a natural identification of an individual which is a biological appearance. Sex orientation is a new term to homosexual. Sexual harassment is a common but serious problem in young stage. The girl and woman of all age groups is being the victim of sexual harassment. The menstruation starts with adolescence stage of girls. The attempt to touch the sensitive parts of the lady / woman (sometimes even boy / man), writing text, sending video / audio and displaying items having sex sense is a sexual harassment. The culture, religion, social practice and little knowledge have the roles in the existence of stigma. The formation of peer groups and health clubs are the medium to mobilize the youth force for the health campaign and public awareness. Counseling
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 115 A. Multiple choice questions. (1) What is the normal interval between two menstruations? 28 days ( ) 30 days ( ) 31days ( ) 26 days ( ) (2) Which of the following is a sex abuse? Eye contact ( ) Hand shake ( ) Bulling ( ) Taking photo ( ) (3) The end of menstruation is known as ..................................... . Menarche ( ) Menopause ( ) Conception ( ) Collapse ( ) (4) The safe sexual behaviours are required for the prevention of ......................... . Rape ( ) Infertility ( ) Pregnancy ( ) STD ( ) B. Complete the following statements with the missing words. (1) The abortion at unauthorized health institution is a kind of .................... . (2) The Chhaugoth / Chhaupadi is a life threaten and uncivilized social ........................... . (3) The menstruation may take place at the age of ...................... to ....................... years. (4) The adolescents can form ............................ and health club for the health campaign and public awareness. (5) The bulling, teasing, prank and embrace with sexual intention refer to ........................... . C. Write short answer of the following questions. (1) Define sexual and reproductive health. (2) Define sex orientation.
116 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) (3) Define menstruation. (4) What is sex? Define in your own words. (5) What is sexual harassment? Define. (6) Write any two impacts of stigma of menstruation against sexual and reproductive health. D. Write long answer of the following questions. (1) Write about the importance of sexual and reproductive health. (2) Enlist some safe sexual behaviours for the personal well being. (3) Mention the ideas to discourage sexual harassment. (4) “The stigma and practices on menstruation must be corrected in every household and community”. Explain this statement. (5) Write about the adolescents friendly sexual and reproductive health services in the context of our community. (6) Write any four ways to be safe from the sexual harassment. Project Work There are several practices in the case of menarche in our society. What practices are followed in your family toward menarche? Prepare a report covering merits and demerits of those practices and discuss in your class. Observe the adjoining figure and prepare an article with your view covering the cause and preventive measures of this social issue in the context of Nepalese society and family. (Note: This copied cartoon figure was published on Himal Nepali Weekly, 14-20 Jestha, 2074)
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 117 Estimated Teaching Hours: 32 Hours (Working Hours) PART 2 PHYSICAL EDUCATION
118 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) Physical Exercise and Drill 6 Unit COURSE CONTENTS: Lesson Topics 1 Physical Exercise 2 Drill Estimated Teaching Hours: 6 Hours (Working Hours)
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 119 Lesson 1 Physical Exercise (Kasarat) 1.1. Introduction Physical exercise is a basic work to all individuals. It creates physical and mental fitness in our life. There are various types of physical exercises for our fitness. These are designed for the fitness and best performance of each and every parts of human body. The physical exercises and diet are similar components. The physical exercise of limbs, abdomen, backbone, neck, sole and ankle are highly important for the fitness and sound health. Some physical exercises are illustrated with their steps. 1. Abdominal Exercise Please, regard the following steps to set this exercise: i. Stand in attention position and depart your legs. ii. Put your hands at waist and down the body forward. iii. Raise your body and stretch head backward. iv. Raise your body and keep in vertical mode. v. Repeat the steps I to IV up to 5 to 7 times. Abdominal Exercise
120 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 1.1 Practice the abdominal exercise in your daily life. The morning time is best for the session. 2. Ankle Exercise To do this exercise, please follow these steps. i. Start with your left leg. ii. Rotate or shake the leg side to side or forward to backward. iii. Continue up to 20 times. iv. Change the leg and repeat the first three steps. 3. Lunge: Exercise for Thigh/Leg To do this exercise, please follow these steps. i. Start by standing up tall. ii. Step forward with one foot until your leg reaches a 90-degree angle. iii. Lift your front lunging leg to return to the starting position. iv. Repeat 10 to 12 times on one leg, or switch off between legs until you have totalled 10 to 12 times per leg. Ankle Exercise Steps for Lunges
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 121 1.2 Please follow the steps of lunge as exercise of thigh and leg to get the fitness. You can practice in group or individually. 4. Exercise of Sole To do this exercise, please follow these steps. i. Sit up straight in a chair, with the feet flat on the floor. ii. Place a golf / tennis ball or another small, hard ball, on the floor next to the feet. iii. Lay one foot on the ball and move it around, pressing down as hard as is comfortable. The ball should be massaging the bottom of the foot. iv. Continue for 2 minutes, then repeat using the other foot. v. A frozen bottle of water can be a soothing alternative if no suitable balls are available. Note: Rolling a golf / tennis ball under the foot can help relieve discomfort in the arch and ease pain associated with plantar fasciitis. 5. Exercise of Backbone To do this exercise, please follow these steps. i. Stand in attention position. ii. Bend your body to front side and touch the ground by the fingers. iii. Stand in attention position. Toe / Sole Exercise by rolling tennis ball
122 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) Steps of Backbone Exercise iv. Put your hands at the waist and look to the sky. v. Stand in attention position. vi. Repeat all the above steps I to V up to five times. 1.2 Warm-up Exercise This exercise prepares our body for various activities physically and mentally. This exercise completely leads our body to motion from the state of rest. It increases our activeness and mobility that requires exercises. Push up, set up, whirl the body in the air, etc are some examples of warm up exercises. These exercises should be rehearsal before starting the sports. They protect the athletes from the injury. A. Write short answer of the following questions. (1) What is physical exercise? Define. (2) Write an importance of physical exercise. (3) Write the name of any two physical exercise. (4) What is warm up exercise? Define. A cartoon
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 123 Lesson 2 Drill 2.1. Introduction Drill (Kawaz in Nepali) is one of the major parts of military life. Now a day, it is also a part of physical activity for school children and scout. Drill is an action to perform collective tasks in disciplinary ways. It is performed by troops. Nepali Army, Nepal Police and Armed Police Force (APF) Nepal exhibit drill to celebrate democracy day, republic day, military day, police day and other nationwide ceremony at Tundikhel, Kathmandu and public can watch. Your school may also organize drill to celebrate parents’ day, annual sports meet and national days. Drill / Parade in an Annual Sports Meet of a school Drill adjusts us in group and enhances our social behaviours. Drill is instructed and commanded by a Drill Commander. We learned and practiced about drill without using of any musical instrument in standard VI. We learn and practice by using drum or drum set in this standard.
124 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) The players or students must exhibit their drill by following the rhythm of drum. The typical Nepali musical instrument Madal can be also used in drill. The use of drum or Madal makes the drill attractive. Madal (L) and Drum (R) Drill adjusts us in group and enhances our social behaviours. Drill is instructed and commanded by a Drill Commander. There are three stages to perform Drill. They are: i) Instruction: It is an overall briefing of drill actions and its performance. It is initiated by the Drill Commander. ii) Command: It is given by the Drill Commander to start all the drill actions. iii) Action: It is a presentation of drill actions on the ground. 2.2. Drill Commands Let’s learn about some drill commands and go for action. 1. Cover Up 2. Stand at Ease 3. Attention 4. Right Turn 5. Left Turn 6. About Turn 7. Mark / March Time 8. Halt 9. Forward March 10. Eyes Right 11. Eyes Front 12. Dismiss 13. Disperse
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 125 1. Cover Up It helps to manage the students on the ground. You may be familiar about it because it is also a regular event of your school’s assembly. All the students must stand in line in ascending order. It makes their drill very stunning. It can perform in the beginning and interval of the drill as need. There are some steps to perform cover up. A group of school boys performing cover up i. The leader of each line puts the both hands at the waist. ii. Stretch your hands forward but never touch the front friend. iii. Both hands must be parallel with each other and to the ground. Both palms face the ground. iv. Straight your body and see on the head of the front friend. 2. Attention Attention is a first action to all the drills. The body becomes straight up in attention. On the commander’s command, we must keep our both hands on the side line of body with fists. The heels are joined and formed 30º angles. Eyes-sight must be straight to the head of the front friend. Close your mouth and take full breath.
126 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 3. Stand at Ease You may be familiar about this command. You get a chance for regular practice in your school assembly. There are some steps to perform Stand at Ease. i. Stand in attention position. ii. Raise your left foot about 15 to 20 cm above the ground then slam or knock the ground quickly and keep on the left side 28 to 30 cm away from the right foot. iii. Keep your both hands at backside over the belt area and overlapped the both palm crossing the thumbs. iv. Step ii and iii must practice simultaneously. v. Make your body up right and keep the both arms on the backside. vi. Hold this position until attention command is given. Stand at Ease (front view) Stand at Ease (back view) 2.1 Observe the morning assembly of your school and write about cover up, attention, stand at ease and mark time in short. You can also discuss among friends before writing. 4. Right Turn Right turn is a turn of 90° to the right. A 90° turn to the right is done by rotating on the right heel. The left leg is then brought up to be parallel to the ground and slammed into the ground in the position of
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 127 attention. This motion is done at a particular fixed point in attention position. The trunk must be straight up. But there is no motion of hands they must be kept at side line of the body. 5. Left Turn Left turn is a turn of 90 º to the left. A 90° turn to the left is done by rotation on the left heel. The right leg is then brought up to be parallel to the ground and slammed down into attention. This motion is done at a particular fixed point in attention position. The trunk must be straight up. But there is no motion of hands they must be kept at the side line of the body. Steps of Left Turn 6. About Turn About turn is a turn of 180 º to the right to face the opposite direction. A 180° turn to the right is done as an exaggerated version of the right turn. A 180° turn to the right is done by rotating on the right heel. The left leg is then brought up to be parallel to the ground and slammed into the ground in the position of attention. This motion is done at a
128 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) particular fixed point maintaining attention position. The trunk must be straight up. But there is no gesture of hands they must be kept at the side line of the body. Steps of About Turn 2.2 Make the groups of 5 to 7 friends. Stand in a file separately and practice the left, right and about turn. 7. Mark Time It is also said March Time. This is essentially a stationary march with the knees coming up parallel to the ground or the foot dangling (hanging) six inches off of the ground. It starts from attention position. On the commander’s command, the students start with the left leg followed by the right. The thigh should be lifted coming parallel to the ground. Students can count Left Right Left Right………….. along with gestures of the left and right legs. It can go for sometimes until the Halt given by the commander.
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 129 8. Halt It is rest for the March. This command is given by the commander while the right leg is lifted. Students shout Check after this command and knock the ground by the right leg. They further shout 1 and 2 and come on attention position by knocking the left and the right legs on the spot or ground. 9. Forward March This command is given while students or team in Mark Time to move some steps ahead. On the command of the commander, students lift the left leg and right hand swings in air along with movement of left leg. Then the right leg lifts and left hand swings in air along with the right leg. On the commands of Halt, mark leader /commander shouts Check and students count 1 and 2 to rest on the left leg after stepping some steps. A group of students is performing Forward March 10. Eyes Right This command is given in March time or stand at ease position. It is a kind of honour or salute to the special guests or VIP of the ceremony.
130 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) The commander orders the Eyes Right command after crossing a fixed line in March time. The steps to perform Eyes Right i. On the command, students turn their neck to the right side and make parallel to the right shoulder. This continues up to the command of Eyes Right. ii. On the command of Eyes Right, the commander makes the flag lower and turns towards the right side striking in air. The flag rod must be parallel to the ground. Both eyes must be parallel to the flag and watch the guests or VIP. The left arm must be attached to the body. iii. The rest of the students must turn their sight to the guests or VIP. The trunk must be straight up and both hands must be swing in air along with March of foot. Eyes Right is going on till next command. A group of students is performing Forward March
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 131 11. Eyes Front This command is a termination of Eyes Right. The commander orders when s/he and all the students of team cross the end line of Eyes Right. The commander lifts up the flag and turns his eyes-sight and neck to front. Similarly, other students also turn their eyes-sight and neck to front. The commanders lead them to dismiss on the ground. A group of students is performing Eyes Front 2.3 Use the house flags and organize a demo for the various drill commands under the supervision of game teacher or scout co-coordinator. 12. Dismiss All the students assemble at their original place after performing Eyes front. The command dismiss is given to terminate all drills. The commander gives the command of dismiss. Dismiss is a command that formally shut down the drills.
132 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 13. Disperse / Fall -out Students disperse to their particular place along with rhythm of drum and given instructions. A scene of Disperse after March Pass A. Write short answer of the following questions. (1) What is drill? Write. (2) What are the basic commands of drill? Write. (3) What is about turn? Define. (4) What is halt? Define. (5) Write short notes on: i) Forward March ii) Disperse B. Write long answer of the following questions. (1) Write the advantages of drill. (2) What are the procedures to attention? Write.
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 133 Athletics and 7 Adventure Activities Unit COURSE CONTENTS: Lesson Topics 1 Middle Distance Race, High Jump and ShotPut 2 Common Relay Race 3 Adventure Activities in Water and Jungle Estimated Teaching Hours: 6 Hours (Working Hours)
134 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) Lesson 1 Athletics 1.1. Introduction Athletics is a foundation for all types of sports. Athletics includes the events of walking, running, jumping and throwing. These are the basic forms of sports. Athletics strengthens muscle, skeleton and vital process of the body. It makes the human body dynamics and flexible. 1.2. Events of Athletics A. Middle Distance Running (Track Event) Middle distance running is longer than sprint. This running covers the races of distance 800 to 3000 meter. In general, 800 meter race, 1000 meter race, 1200 meter race, 1500 meter race and 3000 meter race are popular for the this race. Middle distance running is played in round track. It consists of four single tracks. Athlete must run on his / her track up to half of the distance (rounds). They can change their track after covering half distance and can run freely in any track to finish the race. In this unit, we practice the middle distance race of the following measurements. These races commence with crouch start. i. 800 meter distance ii. 1000 meter distance iii. 1200 meter distance iv. 1500 meter distance Nepali woman athletes in SAG (Kathmandu)
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 135 A Round Track for Middle Race The main commands to perform the middle distance race / running associated with crouch start are as: i) On Your Mark The runners have to move up to the starting line and stand behind the starting line with one foot in the front in this command. The runners should keep their foot on the block if it is available. ii) Set / Get Set The runners place their body on the front foot and keep the two hands in the just opposite directions i.e. if the left foot is in front the right hand will be front and vice-versa. On Your Mark Set
136 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) iii) GO The runners spring forward as fast as they can to cross the end line. The command can give orally or by using whistle or pistol. 1.1 Simple short distance running of 100, 200 and 400 meter are easy to practice. Use the school ground or open space for the running. The sprint of 100, 200 and 400 meter are effective for the middle distance race. Please, set up a schedule and practice. The fitness exercises are also beneficial for the athlete. B. High Jump (Field Event) Required Materials whistle, two calibrated vertical bar, cross bar or ribbon and sand pit or sponge mat High Jump means jumping to a height or crossing point or bar. It is a part of athletics. It makes our bones and muscles of hands and legs strong. It also improves our abdomen and digestive system. The steps to perform high jump: i. Approach Approach is the first step of high jump. It includes 7 to 9 steps running up to jumping mark near the cross bar. The competitor can jump with an angle of 35 to 45º from the jumping mark toward the sand pit. Sponge Mat Go
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 137 ii. Take-Off Take off is the second step of high jump. It should be taken generally about one meter ahead of the cross bar. Thrust is given by bending the body slightly and pushing up the weight. iii. Flight / Glide It is a third step of high jump between the cross bar and ground. Flight over the cross-bar (Technique: Fosbury Flop) iv. Clearance Clearance is the fourth step of high jump that leads the jumper to cross the bar or ribbon. v. Landing It is the final step of high jump. The jumper grounds on the land safely. C. Techniques in High Jump There are several techniques for high jump. Eastern cut off, western roll, Fosbury flop, scissors technique, etc. are some fabulous techniques in high jump. Fosbury Flop is currently the most commonly used technique in the high jump event.
138 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) a. Western Roll Western roll a technique of high jumping in which the leg farthest from the bar lifts first, the jumper's side is to the bar as the body passes over it, and a three-point landing is made on the take-off leg. The jumper crosses the bar, facing it, with side (front / back) of the body. Western Roll b. Eastern Cut-off The eastern cut-off is a variant / alternative of the "scissors" high jump style. This enables the jumper to clear a higher bar than with the traditional scissors style, while still landing on the feet. This enables the jumper to clear a higher bar than with the traditional scissors style, while still landing on the feet. 1.2 Dig a sand pit and practice the skills eastern cut off and western roll of high jump in the pit of the ground. You can also watch the video in You Tube channel for the visual learning. Eastern Cut-off
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 139 C. Shot-Put (Field Event) A metallic ball (shot) is used in shot-put. Its weight is 8 pounds (3.6 kg). We can use a stone ball of the same weight. It is played in a circle of inside diameter of 2.1 meter. i. Basic Skills and Practices There are some basic skills for shot-put. Holding the Shot a. Holding the Shot Let’s do the following actions to hold the shot. Hold the shot at the bottom and place the thumb and little finger each side of the shot. Place the shot under the chin and touching the neck. Keep the throwing arm elbow high and the arm parallel to the floor. Stand on the balls of your feet with your knees bent and nonthrowing shoulder pointing towards the throwing area. b. Neck Placement Raise the shot above your head. Lower the shot straight down until it is under your jaw. c. Throwing Basically, the final skill in a shot put is throwing or putting the shot. Skill, accuracy and power are the three main things that are required for a better shot in the track.
140 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 1.3 Take a light shot and practice the basic skills or shot-put techniques. You can practice alone or in a group as per your choice. ii. Procedures Stand in a line and throw the ball inside the circle turn-wise. It is not allowed to cross the circle. Measure the distance covered by shot with the help of measuring tape and record it. The longest distance wins the competition. A thrower can get the chance maximum three times to throw the shot. 1.4 Please, set up a team and practice to throw the shot and keep the records formally. Compare all and discuss for the improvement. Key Points: These are the basic forms of sports. Athletics strengthens muscle, skeleton and vital process of the body. Middle distance covers the races of distance 800 to 3000 meter. Middle distance running is played in round track. High jump means jumping to a height or crossing point or bar. The scissors technique is one of the oldest but fabulous techniques for the jumpers. Shot Put is played in a circle that has inside diameter of 2.1 meter (normal size). Eastern cut off, western roll, Fosbury flop, scissors technique, etc. are some fabulous techniques in high jump. The basic techniques for shot-put are holding the shot, placement of neck and throwing. Shot-put Area
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 141 A. Complete the following statements with the missing words. (1) .................................. covers the races of distance 800 to 1500 meter. (2) .................................. is the first step of high jump. (3) Landing is the ..................................of high jump. (4) The weight of shot is .................................. (5) The scissors technique involves the .................................. jumping over the bar upright. B. Write short answer of the following questions. (1) Define middle distance race. (2) List out the steps of middle distance race. (3) What is high jump? Define. (4) Write the advantages of High Jump. (5) What are the steps of High Jump? List out all. (6) Write short notes on a) Shot –Put b) Eastern cut off of high jump (7) Name the common techniques of shot-put. Dick Fosbury, (born March 6, 1947, Portland, Oregon, U.S.), American high jumper who revolutionized the sport by replacing the traditional approach to jumping with an innovative backward style that became known as the “Fosbury flop.” Dick Fosbury was the champion of 1968 Olympic and the flop involves an approach from almost straight ahead, then twisting on takeoff and going over headfirst with the back to the bar. Fact File
142 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) Lesson 2 Common Relay Game 2.1. Introduction A game played between two or more than two groups by passing anything from one to another is called a relay race or game. This is most interesting relay game. It provides lot of entertainment and feeling of competition to the learners. It also helps for the development of physical, mental and social aspects of an individual. There are different forms of relay race. Among them, we practice the following two fantastic relay games only. i. Crossing Over Relay ii. Carrying a Friend Relay i) Crossing Over Relay We can play this relay by following these steps: a. Divide the whole class into two groups equally. b. Draw a marginal line. Make the clear marks at the running zone for each student’s line. The players must cross the marks. c. Make the line of students behind the marginal line. d. Start to run and bend down as per signal given. The first players get the chance to go and join at the back of respective lines after his / her turn. In the same way, the seconds, thirds and others get the chance to play until the last players get the chance. The groups or lines which finishes up first to cross over the marks will be declared as winner. Graphic Icon of Relay
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 143 ii) Carrying a Friend Relay Make the groups of students having equal number of players. Now set the pairs of students of each group. Then, draw a marginal line at the ground having different paths with equal distance. All the pairs of all groups should stand behind the marginal line in the lines. S/he carries his partner on the back and runs to the turning points and come back. This pair will join at the last of own line after coming back. The second, third and last pair continue the same process to finish the game. The group which finishes the relay at first will be declared as relay winner. 2.1 Please, build up different relay teams and go to the school’s play ground for the practicing of crossing over and carrying a friend relay. Key Points: A game played between two or more than two groups by passing anything from one to another is called a relay race. Crossing over and carrying a friend relay is common relay race. Relay race helps for the development of physical, mental and social aspects of an individual. A. Write short answer of the following questions. (1) Define relay race / game. (2) Write short notes on: a) Crossing over relay b) Carrying a friend relay Carrying a friend for the Relay
144 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) Lesson 3 Adventure Activities in Water and Jungle 3.1. An Introduction to Adventure Activity The adventure activities bring bunches of happiness and great experience in the life. People are being crazy for the adventure activities. These activities directly deal with human passion, emotion, love and dare towards society, topography and nature. The trekking, cycling, rafting, paragliding, rock climbing, kayak, horse riding, hunting honey bee, bungee, zip flier, sky diving and jungle safari are some adventurous activities. There are large number of adventurous destinations in the country. 3.2. Adventure Activity in Water and Jungle The water body and jungle of Nepal possess the great potentiality for the adventure activities. Swimming (river), rafting, boating, kayaking and jungle safari / trekking are few activities for the adventure. i) Rafting Rafting is an act, sport or travelling on river water with the help of a boat. It is a kind of water sport. Nepal’s rivers are best destination for the rafting. These rivers are popular for the white-water rafting as well as kayaking. The ferocious river over crashing waves and swirling rapids are really thrilling for the rafting trip with beautiful side scenes. A group of tourists in trekking Rafting at Kali Gandaki
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 145 Kaligandaki, Trishuli, Sunkoshi, Karnali, Seti, Bheri, Marshyandi and Bhotekoshi are the most popular rivers of the country for the rafting. 2.2 Please, manage the logistics for the rafting. Build a team of your friends and manage your trip for the rafting. Do not forget to co-ordinate with your family, school and rescue team of Nepali Army and Armed Police Force Nepal. Also write a story of your wonderful trip and experiences. ii) River Swimming The swimming in river water is a challenging and risky activity. This challenge and risk of Nepal’s river can lure the large number of crazy swimmers around the world. Kaligandaki, Trishuli, Karnali, Bhotekoshi, Indrawati, Bagmati, etc. have the beautiful surroundings and current water for the swimming. These rivers have the natural diving stations and depth for the swimming. 2.3 Do you have an experience of river swimming? If you have, please, write a couple of paragraphs and share among your friends in the classroom. i) River Boating The boating in river is another attraction for the adventure in Nepal. There are so many beautiful rivers and streams for the boating in the countryside. The traditional boats are used in rivers and lakes of Nepal. Narayani, Rapti, Phewa Lake, Begnas Diving into the river water River boating
146 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) Lake, Ghodaghodi Lake, Kulekhani (Indrasarobar), etc. are popular destinations for the boating. ii) Jungle Safari / Trail The protected jungle of Nepal can provide the opportunities for the jungle safari and trail. The national parks and community forest are promoting the jungle safari for the tourists. The wild lives such as onehorned rhino, royal bengal tiger, reptiles and birds etc. assure the possibility of wide range of jungle safari. The jungle safari includes jeep and elephant riding facilities. Chitawan national park, Bardiya national park, Shuklaphanta national park, Barandabhar and Baghmara community forest (Chitawan) are the best for the jungle safari in Nepal. The tropical forest of these protected zones is the best habitat for the wild lives. Shuklaphanta National Park and Safari Trail 2.4 Please, manage the logistics for the jungle safari or trail. Build a team of your friends and manage your trip for the jungle safari or trail. Do not forget to co-ordinate with your family, school and rescue team of Nepali Army and Armed Police force Nepal. Also write a story of your wonderful jungle safari or trail and experiences.
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 147 3.3. Possibilities of Adventure Activity in Water and Jungle Nepal has the largest and medium level rivers. The current water, natural beauty and landscape of the rivers have the great attraction for the rafting, boating, swimming and kayaking. Bagmati, Rapti, Koshi, Narayani, Karnali and their tributaries can provide the wide range of adventure activity in all seasons. They can be best destinations for the water tourism. Jungle Safari Jungle safari and tropical forest of Tarai are synonyms for the adventure activity. The huge and dense protected forest and wild lives have the strong connection for the adventure. The large number of internal and foreign tourists have the ecstasy to visit the forest and wild lives of Nepal. Chitawan, Parsa, Banke, Bardiya and Shuklaphanta national parks are the icon for the jungle safari. The hotel, lodge, restaurant and home stay are available at the destinations for the food and lodging. They can serve the visitors and tourists with modern facilities and local dishes. The camp fire is also possible at the local area.
148 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 3.4. Advantages of Adventure Activities The adventure activities assure the life time experiences. These activities are icons for love and passion toward the nature and dare. These are beneficial in every angle of life. i. It is a best platform to learn in nature and society. ii. It is a great source of valuable moment for the people of having busy life. iii. It is an interaction to understand the geography and ecology. iv. It gives the boundless memorable experiences in personal life. v. It promotes the tourism sector and creates the wide range of opportunities. Key Points: The adventure activities bring bunches of happiness and great experience in the life. There are large numbers of adventurous destinations in the country. The trekking must be safe and it should not cause any casualty. The adventure activities are a great source of valuable moment for the people of having busy life. Rafting is an act, sport or travelling on river water with the help of boat. It is a kind of water sport. The national parks and community forest are promoting the jungle safari for the tourists. The boating in river is another attraction for the adventure in Nepal. The swimming in river water is a challenging and risky activity. The current water, natural beauty and landscape of the rivers have the great attraction for the rafting, boating, swimming and kayaking.
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) 149 A. Choose the best option and tick inside the bracket. (1) Which of the following river is best for the rafting? Trishuli ( ) Kamala ( ) Babai ( ) (2) The forests of Nepal have the tremendous attraction for the ................. Hunting ( ) Poaching ( ) Jungle safari ( ) (3) Which of the following river is best for the river swimming? Chuchche Khola ( ) Bhotekoshi ( ) Indrasarowar ( ) (4) The river boating is an activity to achieve the experience of ................. Fishing ( ) Water travel ( ) Water adventure ( ) B. Write short answer of the following questions. (1) Write a short introduction to adventure activity. (2) What is rafting? Define. (3) Write short notes on: a. Boating b. River Swimming c. Jungle Safari (4) Write about the possibilities of jungle safari and boating in the context of Nepal. (5) Write the advantages of adventure activity. Collect the photos and short video of different adventurous activities and display in the classroom.
150 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 7 (Approved by CDC) Sports 8 Unit COURSE CONTENTS: Lesson Topics 1 Volleyball: Basic Skill 2 Football: Basic Skill 3 Basketball: Basic Skill 4 Cricket: Basic Skill 5 Kabaddi: Basic Skill 6 Kho Kho: Basic Skill (Note: Any four games can be played from this group.) Estimated Teaching Hours: 14 Hours (Working Hours)