Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 8 (Approved by CDC) 251 i. Gauchha Geet Nepali -ufpF5 uLt g]kfnL_ It is a popular patriotic song penned by Madhab Prasad Ghimire, Rastra Kabi. You can listen its MP3 format and practice to sing and play Madal with the help of the given tal notes. 2.4 ! @ # $ % ^ & * ufpF 5 uL t g] kf nL › Hof] ltsf] k+ v p rf nL › ho › ho › x] g] kfn › ;' Gb/ zf Gtla zf n › › In the same pattern, you can practice other stanzas of the song. ii. Observe and practice these sur of Madal by beating both ends one by one. . lw+ tfª lw+ tfª . lw+ tfª lw+ tfª . . lw+ lw+ lw+ lw+ . tfª tfª tfª tfª . . tfª tfª tfª tfª . lw+ lw+ tfª tfª . . lw+ lw+ tfª tfª . lw+ tfª lw+ tfª . . lw+ — lw+ — . tfª — tfª — . . lw+ — tfª — . tfª — lw+ — . . lw+ lw+ tfª — . lw+ tfª lw+ tfª . . kmt\ tfª kmt\ tfª . kmt\ tfª kmt\ tfª . . kmt\ kmt\ kmt\ kmt\ . tfª tfª tfª tfª . . tfª tfª kmt\ kmt\ . kmt\ kmt\ tfª tfª . . kmt\ kmt\ tfª tfª . kmt\ tfª kmt\ tfª . . kmt\ — kmt\ — . tfª — tfª — . . kmt\ — tfª — . tfª — kmt\ — . Repeat all the actions frequently to be well trained.
252 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 8 (Approved by CDC) b. Damphoo -8Dk"m_ Damphoo is an indigenous folk instrument popular in Nepal. This percussion instrument is originated in Tamang community and is the main instrument of rhythm or beat Selo, also known as Tamang Selo. Tamang selo and damphoo have wide usage to celebrate festival, marriage, functions and precious rituals. Damphoo is played by beating with the fingers and palm. The beats of damphoo are Dhum, Pak, Trak, Dhing, etc. a) Please, practice beating damphoo with the help of thumb, index, middle and ring fingers of right hand. Left hand is used to hold the instrument. Let’s play and sing the given tal notes. 2.5 dfqf M . ! @ # $ . % ^ & * . af]n M . w'd\ — kfs w'd\ . w'd\ — kfs w'd\ . tfn lrx'g M • • • • b) Let’s sing the fabulous Tamang selo “Chyangba Hoi Chyangba ........................” in selo beat. The lyrics and notes are also given. Song: Chyangba Hoi Chyangba (Original Song) Lyrics / Music: Gopal Yonjan Vocal: Gyanu Rana & Gopal Yonjan s]6f M Rofª\jf xf]O Rofª\jf, ;'g ;'g xf]O Rofª\jf 8Dkm"n] cfh Sof eG5, hfd\ stf hfd\ hfd\ stf hfd\ hfd\ stf hfd\ hfd\ hfd\ s]6L M d}Rofª xf]O d}Rofª, ;'g ;'g xf]O d}Rofª 8Dkm"n] cfh Sof eG5, w'd\ kfs\ w'd\ w'd\ kfs\ w'd\ w'd\ kfs\ w'd\ w'd\ w'd\ w'd\ Damphoo
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 8 (Approved by CDC) 253 . w w /]+ — . ;f+ w — — . ww ww /]+ — . ;f+ w — — . . Rofª jf xf] O . Rofª jf › › . ;'g ;'g xf] O . Rof« jf › › . . w ;f+lg wlg wk . w wk u — . w —w w k . w —w w k . . 8d' km'n] cf› h› . Sof eg\ 5 › . hfd\ ›s tf hfd\ . hfd\ ›s tf hfd\ . . w —w w k . w w w — . . hfd' ›s tf hfd\ . hfd\ hfd\ hfd\ › . In the same pattern, you can practice other stanzas of the song. c. Harmonium Harmonium is a simple and the easiest instrument to play. It is a major sur baja (instrument) in the eastern music. It is also termed as base instrument and originated in France. Harmonium is popular instrument for classical, modern, gajal and devotional songs and music. Bellows Cover Keys Body Stops (Drone) Stops (Main) Handle Parts of Harmonium
254 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 8 (Approved by CDC) There are three notes in harmonium. They are mandra, madhya and tar saptak (octave). Octave (Saptak) in Harmonium Observe the above octave map of harmonium and state the notes of different saptak in the boxes given below: 2.6 Saptak Notes Madra -db|f_ Madhya -dWo+_ Tar -tf/_ i. Practice the following sur by playing harmonium. 2.7 != ;f — u — u — d — d — /] — /] — ;f — d — — — ;f — — — ;f — /] — d — d — ;f — — — d — u — @= ;f — /] — u — d — /] — — — ;f — — — w — k — ;f — — — u — d — w — d — /] — ;f — u — d — #= ;f /] u d u+ /]+ ;f+ lg /] u d k w lg w k u d w k w d u k lg w lg ;f+ d u /] ;f
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 8 (Approved by CDC) 255 ii. Practice Aama poem to sing and play harmonium penned by Siddhicharan Shrestha, Yug Kabi. ! @ # $ % ^ & * cf df lt dL hGd lbg] d nfO{ cf df lt dL k|f0f lbg] d nfO{ cf df ltdL af]6 d km"n To; sf] xf] bfg ltd}| hlt 5 d] /f] › cf df5 ltd|f] dlx df c kf / l; l4Gg uf P klg af/ af / x/ bd axfO{ s g k|]d wf /f lbg 5\of} dnfO{ slt sf] ; xf /f In the same pattern, you can practice other stanzas of the poem. iii. Practice playing a Nepalese super hit song -ldld{/] ;fFemdf l;dl;d] kfgL=====_ from Nepali movie Bansuri. Song -zAb_ M ldld{/] ;fFemdf l;dl;d] kfgL===== Scale : G Major, Beat (Tal): Samal, Music -;+uLt_: Ranjit Gajmer Vocal -:j/_: Udit Narayan Jha & Aasha Bhosle, hL ˜ ;f :yfoL tfn – ;dn • u+ ud u+ u+d u d k lg w k k k u+ u+d u+/] ;f+lg w k k k ;f+w ;f+w kd ud ) w w;f+ w w;f+ dw kd u — u d k lg/] w w;f+ wk wd u d k lg w k k k cGt/f u d k lg u d k lg w lg ;f /] u+ d+ u+ ;f+ ;f+ ;f+lg w k ;f+ ;f+ ;f+ u+ w w k d /] /] ;f+ — u u d k — /] u /];f+ u+ d u+ ;f+ u+ d u+ ;f+ d — u — /] ;f+ ;f+ — /] /] ;f+ — /] /] ;f+ — In the same pattern, you can practice other antara of the song.
256 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 8 (Approved by CDC) Key Points A scale in music is a sequence of notes played in ascending or descending order with a specific interval structure. There are numerous folk instruments that can be widely used for the sur and talin Nepali music. Madal is a major folk instrument of tal (beat). Damphoo is an indigenous folk instrument popular in Nepal and originated in Tamang community and is the main instrument for Tamang Selo. Harmonium is a simple and the easiest instrument to play and is a major sur baja (instrument) in the eastern music. A. Choose the right options from the alternatives and put the tick mark inside the brackets (MCQ). 1. How many notes are in major scale? Seven ( ) Eight ( ) Ten ( ) 2. The sound of the minor scale can evoke ________, oddness and suspense. romance ( ) sadness ( ) aggression ( ) 3. Name the sound which is soothing to ear and musical, known as _________ Taal ( ) script ( ) swaras/sur ( ) 4. What is the name of instrument that is significant for sur and tal? Madal ( ) Guitar ( ) Key-board ( ) 5. Kaharawa is a beat of six ( ) / seven ( ) / eight ( ). 6. Samala beat is famous in _____________ dance. Karkha ( ) maruni ( ) kaura ( ) 7. The beats of ____________ are Ti, Tang, Na and Pak -tL, tf+u, gf / kfs_. madal ( ) tabala ( ) tyamko ( )
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 8 (Approved by CDC) 257 B. Write short answers to the following questions. 1. Define scale of music. 2. What is a major scale? Define. 3. Write the clear definition of minor scale. 4. Mention the types of musical instruments. 5. What is the minor scale formula? Write. 6. What is sur in music? Write. 7. Clarify the meaning of tal in music. 8. Write any four sur baja (instruments). 9. Write any four tal baja (instruments). 10. Write any two folk musical instruments for sur and tal. 11. Which folk instrument is played in Tamang selo and dance? C. Write long answers to the following questions. 1. What is madal? Write about it in detail. 2. Introduce folk instrument damphoo in your words. 3. What is a harmonium? Explain. 4. Draw a well labeled diagram of harmonium. 5. Explain the theme of class song of Grade 8. Project Work Please observe the photo given alongside and write a couple of paragraphs about this folk musical instrument of Nepal.
258 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 8 (Approved by CDC) DANCE AND ACTING 13 Unit COURSE CONTENTS: Lesson Topics 1 Dance 2 Acting Estimated Teaching Hours: 6 Hours (Working Hours)
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 8 (Approved by CDC) 259 LESSON 1 DANCE / NRITYA 1.1. Introduction The dance (In Nepali: Nritya / Naach) is a rhythmic movement of human body. It is based on sur and tal. It is an expression of feelings through gesture of limbs and face. The sur, tal, instruments and music make the dance extraordinary and impress people. The people of all age groups can enjoy dancing. In the eastern culture, dance can be performed in two forms: Tandab and Lasya. The Tandab dance is merely performed by male while Lasya by female. The Tandab dance is an expression of bravery, daring, excitement, aggression and anger, although, Lasya is a performance of love, affection, romance and calmness. The dance as well as act can be performed in the stage and theatre (Rangamanch). Forms of Laysa 1.2. Classification of Dance There is wide variety of dance. The cultural, religious, ethnic and territorial diversities bring the different flavors in dance. Mainly, there are two classes of dance. They are discussed below: a) Traditional Dance Nepal is a multicultural nation. It has more than 126 languages and 62 castes (Janajati) such as Gurung, Magar, Newar, Tharu, Limbu, Rajbanshi,
260 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 8 (Approved by CDC) Jhangad, etc. and small ethnic groups within its small territory. It has a lot of dances with traditional songs and music. People having diverse ethnic and cultural backgrounds; perform their dances (traditional) on various occasions. The traditional dances are prevailing since ancient period to current time. There are two types of traditional dance: Classical and Folk dances. i) Classical Dance A classical dance form is characterized by grace and accuracy of movement and by elaborate formal gestures, steps, and poses. It is a theatrical presentation of group or solo dancing to a musical accompaniment, usually with costume and scenic effects. It is believed that most of the classical dance forms originated in the temples. Ghatu, Sorathi, Maruni, Deuda, Dhan, Chandi, Hanuman and Mayur are examples of classical dances. The classical dances of Rana Tharu and Gurung Community to celebrate Hori and Lhosar (L to R) Please, make a discussion covering the performance, costumes, jewelries, song and played instruments associated with classical dance. Also play the video via cell phone or internet in the classroom and enjoy. 1.1 Dance at Sonam Lhosar
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 8 (Approved by CDC) 261 ii) Folk Dance A popular dance considered as a part of the tradition of a particular people or area is known as folk dance. These dances are performed according to classical music and Nepalese folk dances are based on the folk songs, lore, music, custom, rituals and festivals. They have their own language, rhythm and genre since ancient time. A folk dance is a dance developed by people that reflects the life of a certain country or territory. The folk dance, generally, a type of dance that is a vernacular, usually recreational, expression of a past or present culture. These dances are comparatively easy to show. Deuda Naach, Dhan Nach, Chandi Naach, Mayur Nanch, Lakhe Dance, Bhairabh Nach, Kartikya Nach and dances at Teej and Tihar are examples of folk dances. Folk Dance (Mayur) and Teej Dance (L to R) i. Please, form different groups of your class mates and show the performance on any folk dance and folk or dohoree song as per your choice. You can also record your activity for the library purpose. ii. You can organize a competition in your school to fetch the competitive skill of dance. Teej festival, Tihar, Asar Pandhra and welcome program to the new comers are the better platforms for your competition. 1.2 b) Modern Dance A style of theatrical dancing that is not as restricted as classical dance and movements are expressive of feelings is known as modern dance. The
262 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 8 (Approved by CDC) modern dance is a broad genre of the western stage concert or theatrical dance which includes dance styles such as ballet, folk, ethnic, religious, and social dancing. A free expressive style of dancing developed in the early 20th century as a reaction to classical ballet (dance). The modern dance is usually performed in theme of choreography in the concert and stage show. It demands professionalism for the perfection. Hip Hop, Free Style, Ballroom Dance, Belly Dancing, Breakdown Dance, Zumba and Jazz Dance are some examples of modern dance. The modern Dance Performance: Hip Hop and Zumba (L to R) Please select your favorite modern dance and attempt to show for the audience and make them rocking in any formal session of the school or theater. 1.3 1.3. Gesture (Mudra) In dance and drama, mudra is speaking via gestures in order to convey outer events or things visually. Mudra is to convey inner feelings in the classical dance and dramatic arts. Hands and feet are used to clearly communicate specific ideas, events, actions, or creatures and emotions. Sometimes, single or both hands can be used in gesture. Mudra Nritya (Dance)
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 8 (Approved by CDC) 263 Mudra, primarily, is understood as an inscriptive form that follows the linguistic parameters, expressing symbolic meaning through systematically codified patterns of the dancer’s hands. Double Hand Gesture Single Hand Gesture a) Anga, Upanga and Pratyanga in Dance To perform dance, we should also learn about anga, upanga and pratyanga. Anga is a movement of head, body, hands and feet in dance. Eye, eye brow, eye lash, eye ball and cheek flap to assist anga. They are termed as upanga. The use of small and short organs e.g., palm, finger, wrist, knee, belly, etc. is also significant to perform dance classically. They are categorized as pratyanga of dance.
264 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 8 (Approved by CDC) Please, look at the activities (mudras) in the adjoining image and attempt to practice them. Also shoot your practices and prepare a video and display in the class. 1.4 1.4. Folk Dance The folk dance is an integral part of Nepalese society and living style. We have so many amazing and classical dances in different communities. Kaura, Sorathi, Dhan, Selo, Laththi, Jhyaure, Balan, Khyali, Hudkeli, etc. are few examples of folk dance. Among them, a short introduction of Jhyaure dance is given below. a) Jhyaure Dance -e\mofp/]_ Jhyaure dance is one of the best folk songs and dances popular in the western part of Nepal. This folk dance is popular in marriage, festival, religious function, rice planting season and cattle grazing. Basically, Jhyaure is the culture of Gurung and Magar communities. It is mostly very popular among young girls and boys. In the dance first, the rhythm/ song plays slowly but in second and third round the rhythm and song go very fast. The Jhyaure dance is based on Jhyaure song and bhaka (genre). The song and dances are really fun and entertaining. Madal is the tal (beat) instrument Jhyaure Folk Dance
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 8 (Approved by CDC) 265 used in Jhyaure folk dance. The tal (beat) may vary as per tradition and places. It can be performed beat of 6 and 8 counts (Chha or Aathmatra). The costumes and jewelries (alankar) are different for both girls and boys. The girls wear chaubandi cholo / ghaleki, phariya, patuki, tikmala, dhago (to make chulthi), pote, tilahari, chyapte sun, naugedi, sirphool, bulanki and so on. The boys dress in daura-suruwal / bhangra / dhoti, patuki, dhaka topi, khukuri at waist, kusume / jaalirumal in hand, waist coat and others. Their looks become really prideful. These jewelries (alankar) are famous as kingkini -lsªls0fL_. a. Please collect the Jhyaure song of different beat (tal) and bhaka and perform the dance. b. Please, practice Jhyaure dance in the beat (six) of madal and tali of tin- tin count (3/3). lw —tL . gf wL gf . X O (X= tfnL O= vfnL) c. Please collect a folk song that is mostly popular in your community and practice the dance. You can collect folk song of any language and community. 1.5 Key Points The dance (Nritya / Naach) is a rhythmic movement of human body that is based on sur-tal. In the eastern culture, dance can be performed in two forms: Tandab and Lasya. The cultural, religious, ethnic and territorial diversities bring the different flavors in dance. The classical dance is a theatrical presentation of group or solo dancing to a musical accompaniment, usually with costume and scenic effects. The folk dances are performed according to classical music and Nepalese folk dances are based on the folk songs, lore, music, custom, rituals and festivals. A style of theatrical dancing that is not as restricted as classical dance and movements are expressive of feelings is known as modern dance. In dance and drama, mudra is speaking via gestures in order to convey outer events or things visually.
266 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 8 (Approved by CDC) To perform dance, we should also learn about anga, upanga and pratyanga. Jhyaure dance is one of the best folk song and dance popular in the western part of Nepal. The Jhyaure dance is based on Jhyaure song and bhaka (genre). A. Write the appropriate single word to represent the following statements. 1. An expression of bravery, daring, excitement, aggression and anger in dance: _________________________________________________________ . 2. The place to perform dance and act: _________________________________________________________ . 3. The dance that is shown in folk and dohoree song: _________________________________________________________ . 4. The organs eye, eye-brow, eye-lash, eye-ball and cheek are: _________________________________________________________ . 5. Ghatu, Sorathi and Maruni are examples of ________________________ . B. Write short answers to the following questions. 1. What is dance? Define. 2. Give any two examples of folk dance. 3. Give any two examples of modern dance. 4. What are the main classes of dance? Write. 5. Define mudra in dance. 6. Write the role of mudra in dance. 7. What is classical dance? Define. 8. State the meaning of anga. 9. What is pratyanga? Write. 10. Name any tal instrument used in folk dance. C. Write long answers to the following questions. 1. Introduce Tandab and Lasya of dance in detail. 2. Describe folk dance. 3. What is classical dance? Explain. 4. What are the costumes and jewelries used in Jhyaure dance? Mention all of them.
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 8 (Approved by CDC) 267 Please observe the photo given alongside and enlist the name of mudras. 1. ................................................................................................................. 2. ................................................................................................................. 3. ................................................................................................................. 4. ................................................................................................................. 5. ................................................................................................................. 6. .................................................................................................................
268 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 8 (Approved by CDC) LESSON 2 ACTING 2.1. Introduction Acting (in Nepali: Abhinaya) is an expression of anything, event and situation in the artistic way. The actor implies speech, gesture, face and bodily activities for the expression. The speech and facial expression as well as feelings are super in acting. It is also knowledge of art. Acting provides fun or entertainment and transfers social message. The concept of acting (Abhinaya) has its origin from Bharat Muni’s Natya Shastra. Acting is an art of expression. Abhi is a Sanskrit word and means “leading an audience towards” the experience (bhava) of a sentiment (ras). The play or drama, comedy show, music video and cinema are the traditional and modern forms of acting. The acting is also an aspect of tradition, art and culture of the society and country. Legendary Nepalese Artists: Rajesh Hamal Super Star, and MaHa Jodi and (L to R) 2.2. Type of Acting Acting can be divided into four categories according to the Natya Shastra:
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 8 (Approved by CDC) 269 a) Verbal Acting (Wachik Abhinaya) It is the representation of the act through verbal demonstration of literature forms like Kavya (poetry), Natya (act), comedy, etc. b) Body Acting (Aangik Abhinaya) The representation of the act using different parts of the body is Aangik Abhinaya. The hands and legs are most common for the body acting. c) Costumes and Physical Decorations (Aaharya Abhinaya) Aaharya Abhinaya means presenting a character before the audience through the use of costumes, make-up and ornaments. It also includes use of sound, light and stage art (Nepathya). Aaharya Abhinaya plays a significant part in the classical form of dancing. Aaharya Abhinaya Verbal and Body Acting
270 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 8 (Approved by CDC) As an example, we can take an idea of a traditional character. The traditional character of Lord Krishna is portrayed using a yellow silk dhoti also known as Peetambar, a crown (mukut), a necklace and a flute. This attire (dress) helps to depict the character more effectively. Along with the attire, sound is also used to strengthen the portrayal of the character. Aaharya Abhinaya is of two types: i. Natyadharmi: It is the act which is presented in a distinct style and within the limits of its format. ii. Lokdharmi: This type of act is not bound by anything, but happens through the natural movement of the body. d) Holy or Pious (Satwik Abhinaya) The act when the body and soul synchronize with each other is called Satwik Abhinaya. The facial expressions, feelings, tear, sweat etc. are the characters for this acting. 1. Please select any one of the traditional characters e.g., Ram - Laxman, Sita, King Janak, Raban, Hanuman, etc. and show your acting. Also record your acting for the future purpose. 2. Please, choose any historical characters and perform your acting. King Prithvi Narayan Shah, Janga Bahadur Rana (prime minister), Bhimsen Thapa (prime minister), Bhanu Bhakta Acharya (Aadikabi), etc. may be suitable characters. 3. Write a content / script and show the standup comedy in the stage or auditorium hall of your school. 2.1 Key Points The concept of acting (Abhinaya) has its origin from Bharat Muni’s Natya Shastra. Abhi is a Sanskrit word and means “leading an audience towards” the experience (bhava) of a sentiment (ras).
Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 8 (Approved by CDC) 271 Acting is an art of expression. Acting (Abhinaya) can be divided into four categories according to the Natya Shastra, Wachik Abhinaya, Aangik Abhinaya, Aaharya Abhinaya and Satwik Abhinaya. Aaharya Abhinaya plays a significant part in the classical form of dancing. A. State whether the following statements are true or false. 1. Aaharya Abhinaya includes the use of sound, light and stage art (Nepathya). 2. The hands and legs are most common for the Aangik Abhinaya (acting). 3. The play or drama, comedy show, music video and cinema are the traditional and modern forms of acting. B. Write short answers to the following questions. 1. What is acting? Define. 2. What are two classes of Aaharya Abhinaya? Write. 3. State the characteristics of Satwik Abhinaya. C. Write a long answer to the following question. 1. What are the various types of acting? Classify and explain them. Project Work Write the contents or scripts on the topic of food safety and hand wash. Perform the story dramatically on the stage or in the classroom. -Best of Luck-
272 Health, Physical Education & Creative Arts - Book 8 (Approved by CDC) Specification Grid Subject: HEALTH, PHYSICAL AND CREATIVE ART Class : 6 - 8 Full Mark : 50 Question Structure and Marks S.N. Unit Hour Teching Hour Marks Knowledge Theory Experiment Capacity Total Questions Number Total Weightage Total Mark Very Short Type Ques. Short Type Ques. Long Ques. Very Short Type Ques. Short Type Ques. Long Ques. Very Short Type Ques. Short Type Ques. Long Ques. Very Short Type Ques. Short Type Ques. Long Ques. Very Short Type Ques. Short Type Ques. Long Ques. Very Short Type Ques. Short Type Ques. Long Ques. 1 Human Body 5 4 4 4 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 4 3 6 8 12 26 2 Commnity Health and Mental Health 8 7 7 3 Nutrition and Food Safety 5 4 4 4 Disease, Safety and First Aid 8 7 7 5 Sexual and Reproductive Health 6 2 4 6 Physical Exercise and Drill 6 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 3 1 2 6 4 12 7 Atheletics and Expedition Activities 6 2 2 8 Sports 14 5 6 9 Yog 6 2 2 10 Introduction to Art, Line Graph and Color 10 4 4 2 1 1 1 1 2 3 1 2 6 4 12 11 Print, Clay work and Collage 6 2 2 12 Singing and Playing Instruments 10 3 4 13 Dance and Acting 6 2 2 Total 96 48 50 8 1 2 3 2 3 2 3 1 10 10 5 10 20 20 50