68129630-Conversational-Latin-for-Oral-Proficiency-Traupman

300 Conversational Latin

cursor (comput) curs·or |«ris m Danube river Dan»vius amn·is |is m

curtain (on a window or shower) dare aud·e« |¡re ausus sum (semi-
v¡l·um |¿ n; (in a theater) aulae·a deponent)
|«rum npl; draw the curtains v¡la
obd»cere daring aud·¡ns |entis, aud·§x |§cis

curve (in a road, coast) §nfr§ct·us |»s m dark adj obsc»r·us |a |um; as soon as it
got dark pr¿m¿s tenebr¿s
custody cust«di·a |ae f; be held in
custody in cust«di§ hab·eor |¡r¿ dark s after dark d¡ nocte; in the dark
habitus sum; take into custody in per obsc»rum; I’m in the dark (fig)
cust«diam tr§·d« |dere |did¿ |ditus mihi tenebrae sunt

custom m«s, m«ris m darkness tenebr·ae |§rum fpl; darkness
fell tenebrae factae sunt
customer ¡mp·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis
f) darling (terms of endearment) d¡lici·ae
|§rum fpl, corcul·um |¿ n, animul·us
cut (hair) tond·e« |¡re totond¿ t«nsus; |¿ m (·a |ae f), ocell·us |¿ m,
cut and paste (comput) sec§re et volupt·§s |§tis f; my darling (in
gl»tin§re; cut it out! d¡sin§s! (pl: address) m¿ ocelle
d¡sin§tis!); (more emphatic) d¡siste!
(pl: d¡sistite!); cut that out right darn: I don’t give a darn about that
now! supersed¡ ist¿s r¡bus iam; cut (him, them) id (eum, e«s) n«n faci«
the talk! s¡greg§ serm«nem! flocc¿

cute bell·us |a |um, bellul·us |a |um darned: I’ll be darned if … male m¿
sit, s¿ …; I’ll be darned if I ever . . .
cutlery ¿nstr»ment·a |«rum npl esc§ria male m¿ sit s¿ umquam (+ fut indic)

cyberspace cyberspati·um |¿ n dashboard tabul·a |ae f indic§t«ria

D data dat·a |«rum npl

dad, daddy tat·a |ae m database (comput) dat«rum
reposit«ri·um |¿ n
daily adj c«t¿di§n·us |a |um
date di·¡s |¡¿ f; by what date? quam ad
daily adv c«t¿di¡ diem? have a date with s.o.
c«nstit»tum cum aliqu« hab¡re; to
dainty d¡lic§t·us |a |um date adh»c

daisy bell·is |idis f dative adj dat¿v·us |a |um

dance intr salt§re dative s dat¿v·us |¿ m, c§s·us |»s m
dat¿vus
dance s salt§ti·« |«nis f
daughter f¿li·a |ae f
dance band symph«niac·¿ |«rum mpl
salt§ti«nis daughter-in-law nur·us |»s f

dancer salt§·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f) dawn d¿l»cul·um |¿ n; at dawn pr¿m§
l»ce; before dawn antel»cul«
danger per¿cul·um |¿ n; be in danger
(of) per¿clit§r¿ (+ abl) day di·¡s |¡¿ mf; a day, e.g., twice a
day bis (in) di¡; any day now
dangerous per¿cul«s·us |a |um propediem; by day interdi»; day

General Vocabulary 301

after day diem d¡ di¡, in singul«s deal tr (cards) distribu·« |ere |¿ ¶ intr
di¡s; day and night et di¡s et noct¡s; with (topic) tract§re, agere d¡ (+
day off (from school) (ab schol§) abl); (a person) agere cum (+ abl); I
f¡ri§tus di·¡s |¡¿ m; every day will deal with you later t¡cum mihi
c«t¿di¡, in singul«s di¡s; from day to r¡s erit s¡rius
day in di¡s; from that day on ex e«
di¡; just the other day n»per dealer merc·§ns |antis mf, merc§·tor
quidem; one day (on a certain day in |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f); (of cards)
the past) qu«dam di¡; on the day distrib»·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f)
before he departed pr¿di¡ quam
ab¿ret; on the day before the Ides dean dec§n·us |¿ m (·a |ae f)
pr¿di¡ ‡d»s; (on) the following day
poster« di¡; on the third day before dear c§r·us |a |um
the Calends of March ante diem
qu§rtum Kalend§s M§rti§s; the day dearly (intensely) vald¡; (at great
after postr¿di¡; the day after that expense) magn¿
postr¿di¡ eius di¡¿; the day after
tomorrow perendi¡; the day before death mor·s |tis f; condemn s.o. to
pr¿di¡; the day before yesterday death aliquem capitis damn§re; put
nudiustertius [adv]; till late in the s.o. to death supplicium d¡ aliqu«
day ad multum diem; two days after s»m·« |ere s»mps¿ s»mptus
that post diem tertium eius di¡¿;
these days h¿s temporibus death penalty supplici·um |¿ n capitis

daybreak d¿l»cul·um |¿ n; at daybreak death sentence: receive the death
pr¿m§ l»ce; till daybreak in pr¿mam sentence capitis damn§r¿
l»cem
debate s discept§ti·« |«nis f
daycare center n¡piag«gi·um |¿ n
debate tr discept§re d¡ (+ abl)
daydream hall»cin·or |§r¿ |§tus sum
debt aes, aeris n ali¡num; be in debt in
daydreamer hall»cin§t·or |t«ris m, aere ali¡no esse; this has put me in
hall»nic§·tr¿x |tr¿cis f debt hoc mihi aes ali¡num attulit

daylight l»x, l»cis f, di¡s, di¡¿ m; let in decathlon dec§thl·um |¿ n
the daylight diem admitt·« |ere
adm¿s¿ deceitful fall·§x |§cis

DCD digit§lis compactus disc·us |¿ m December m¡ns·is |is m December; in
December m¡nse Decembr¿
dead adj: I’m dead! interi¿! or peri¿!
decency decenti·a |ae f
dead-end street fundul·a |ae f
decent dec·¡ns |entis; do the decent
deaf surd·us |a |um; you’re preaching thing fr»gem facere
to deaf ears ad surd§s aur¡s cant§s
decide c«nstitu·« |ere |¿ c«nstit»tus;
deal s (pact) pacti·« |«nis f; a good deal decide to or not to (of the senate,
of aliquantum (+ gen); it’s a deal also of supreme magistrates) c¡ns·e«
pactam rem hab¡t« (pl: hab¡t«te); |¡re |u¿ (ut or ne + subj)
let’s make a deal pacti«nem
faci§mus decision (a win in sports) praev§lenti·a
|ae f p»nct«rum; make a (wise)
decision (sapienter) d¡cern·« |ere
d¡cr¡v¿ d¡cr¡tus

deck chair sell·a |ae f cubit«ria

302 Conversational Latin

decked out ex«rn§t·us |a |um; why are degree s grad·us |»s m; (diploma)
you all decked out? quam ob rem studi«rum dipl«m·a |atis n; positive
s¿c sub«rn§t·us (-a) es? degree gradus posit¿vus;
comparative degree gradus
declaration d¡n»nti§ti·« |«nis compar§t¿vus; superlative degree
gradus superl§t¿vus
declarative d¡cl§r§t¿v·us |a |um
dejected d¡miss·us |a |um
declension s d¡cl¿n§ti·« |«nis f
delete (comput) d¡l·e« |¡re |¡v¿ |¡tus
decline tr d¡cl¿n§re
delicate d¡lic§t·us |a |um
decree of the senate sen§t»s c«nsult·um
|¿ n; pass a decree of the senate delight d¡lect§re
sen§t»s c«nsultum facere
deliver (a speech) hab¡re; (mail) red·d«
deep freezer arc·a |ae f gel§t«ria |dere |did¿ |itus; the mailman
delivered the letter yesterday
deep red coccine·us |a |um tabell§rius litter§s her¿ reddidit

deep-seated ¿nsit·us |a |um demanding: be demanding multa exig«
exigere ex¡g¿
deer cerv·us |¿ m, cerv·a |ae f
demented d¡m·¡ns |entis
defeat s (mil) cl§d·¡s |is f; (pol) repuls·a
|ae f; a defeat at the polls comiti¿s democracy d¡mocrati·a |ae f
repulsa; defeat in running for the
consulship repulsa c«nsul§t»s; suffer democrat d¡mocrat·a |ae m,
a defeat (pol) repulsam fer« ferre tul¿ d¡mocratri·a |ae f
l§tus; (mil) cl§dem accipere
democratic d¡mocratic·us |a |um
defeat tr super§re, vinc·« |ere v¿c¿ victus
demonstration pr«test§ti·« |«nis f
defective adj viti«s·us |a |um; (gram) popul§ris
d¡fect¿v·us |a |um
demonstrative adj d¡m«nstr§t¿v·us |a
defend d¡fend·« |ere |¿ d¡f¡nsus |um

defendant re·us |¿ m, re·a |ae f denarius d¡n§ri·us |¿ m (worth about
one dollar)
defender (sports) d¡f¡ns·or |«ris m,
d¡f¡nstr·¿x |¿cis f dense d¡ns·us |a |um

defense lawyer d¡f¡ns·or |«ris m, densely populated region regi·« |«nis f
d¡f¡nstr·¿x |¿cis f uberrimae multit»dinis

defensive and offensive alliance dentist medic·us |¿ m dent§rius, medic·a
societ·§s |§tis f ad bellum |ae f dent§ria
d¡fendendum atque ¿nferendum facta
denture prosthes·is |is f dent§lis
defensive and offensive weapons t¡l·a
|«rum npl ad t¡gendum et ad deny ¿nfiti·or |§r¿ |§tus sum
nocendum
depart abs·c¡d« |c¡dere |cess¿ |cessum
define tr d¡f¿n·i« |¿re |¿v¿ |¿tus
department (academic) facult·§s |§tis f;
definite adj f¿n¿t·us |a |um (opp: department of classics litter§rum
¿nf¿n¿tus) classic§rum facult§s

department store pantop«li·um |¿ n

General Vocabulary 303

departure abscess·us |»s m detective inqu¿s¿·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis
f), ind§g§·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f)
depend: it (all) depends on you t«tum
in t¡ positum est; it depends a lot on detergent l«ment·um |¿ n
whether … pl»rimum r¡fert num …
detour circuit·us |»s m; take a detour
deponent s d¡p«n·¡ns |entis n, verb·um viam flect·« |ere flex¿
|¿ n d¡p«n¡ns
develop (character, mind) c«nfirm§re;
deposit money in a bank pec»niam in (improve) excol·« |ere excolu¿
argent§ri§ d¡p«n·« |ere d¡posu¿ excultus
d¡positus
devote oneself to s¡ dare (+ dat)
depressed abiect·us |a |um; be
depressed abiect« anim« esse dew r«s, r«ris m

depression abiecti·« |«nis f anim¿ dial s (of a clock) tabul·a |ae f h«r§ria;
(of a telephone) tabul·a |ae f
deprive: deprive s.o. of aliquem pr¿v§re s¡l¡ct«ria
(+ abl)
dial tr s¡lig·« |ere s¡l¡g¿ s¡l¡ctus ¶ intr
deranged (mind) comm«t·us |a |um; numerum s¡ligere
(person) mente capt·us |a
diaphragm praecordi·a |«rum npl
derive tr (from) d¡riv§re (ab + abl)
diarrhea alv·us |¿ f f»sa (or cita)
desert d¡sert·a |«rum npl
dictaphone dictaph«n·um |¿ n
deserving (of) dign·us |a |um (+ abl)
dictate dict§re
desire cupidit·§s |§tis f
dictation dict§ti·« |«nis f; take
desk m¡ns·a |ae f scr¿pt«ria; (teacher’s dictation dict§ta exscr¿b·« |ere
desk) pulpit·um |¿ n exscr¿ps¿

desktop (comput) (on the screen) in dictator dict§t·or |«ris m
quadr«
dictionary dicti«n§r·ium |¿ n, lexic·on
despair intr (of) d¡sp¡r§re (d¡ + abl) |¿ n

despair s d¡sp¡r§ti·« |«nis f die mor·ior |¿ mortuus sum

desperate d¡sp¡r§t·us |a |um diesel D¿seli§n·us |a |um

desperation d¡sp¡r§ti·« |«nis f diet intr vict»s rati«nem observ§re

despicable d¡spic§t·us |a |um diet s vict»s rati·« |«nis f; be on a diet
vict»s rati«nem observ§re
despise d¡spic·i« |ere d¡spex¿ d¡spectus
difference differenti·a |ae f; difference
dessert bell§ri·a |«rum npl, secunda of opinion diss¡nsi·« |«nis f; how
m¡ns·a |ae f much difference does it make?
quantum interest?; it makes no (a lot
destination loc·us |¿ m d¡stin§tus of) difference to me (you, etc.)
whether … or n¿l (multum) me§
destructive exiti«s·us |a |um (tu§, etc.) interest (or r¡fert) utrum
… an (+ subj); what’s the
detail: go into a matter in detail rem difference anyhow! quid utique
per singula in·e« |¿re |i¿ or |¿v¿; in interest! or quid utique r¡fert?
detail per singula, singul§tim; details
singul·a |«rum npl

304 Conversational Latin

difficult difficil·is |is |e directory (comput) plic§rum ind·ex
|icis m
dig (a garden, well) fod·i« |ere f«d¿
f«ssus; dig a hole through perfodere dirt cheap pr« lut«
(+ acc); dig up s.th. about quicquam
¡ru·« |ere |¿ d¡ (+ abl) dirty (clothes, shoes) immund·us |a
|um; give s.o. a dirty look respic·i«
digest con·coqu« |coquere |cox¿ |coctus |ere respex¿ aliquem minus famili§r¿
vult»; dirty talk serm·« |«nis m
digestion concocti·« |«nis f obsc¡nus

digital digit§l·is |is |e disagree: I strongly disagree with you
vehementer § t¡ dissenti«
digital clock h«rologi·um |¿ n digit§le
disappear ¡van¡sc·« |ere ¡vanu¿;
dignified grav·is |is |e disappear from sight ¡ c«nspect»
auferor auferr¿ abl§tus sum
dignity gravit·§s |§tis f, dignit·§s |§tis f
disappoint frustr·or |§r¿ |§tus sum; I’ll
diligence d¿ligenti·a |ae f not disappoint you n«n fallam
op¿ni«nem tuam
diligent d¿lig·¡ns |entis
disappointment (act) d¡stit»ti·« |«nis f;
dimensions m¡ns»r·a |ae f or m¡ns»r·ae (result) incommod·um |¿ n
|§rum fpl
disapprove of improbr§re
diminutive s d¡min»t¿v·um |¿ n
disarm s.o. aliquem arm¿s exu·« |ere |¿
dine c¡n§re; dine out for¿s c¡n§re |»tus

dining car curr·us |»s m c¡n§t«rius discharge (mil) missi·« |«nis f; get an
honorable discharge honestam
dining couch lect·us |¿ m missi«nem impetr§re; get a
dishonorable discharge missi«nem
dining room tr¿cl¿ni·um |¿ n; (informal) ign«mini«sam accipere
c¡n§ti·« |«nis f
disciplinarian: a strict disciplinarian
dining table m¡ns·a |ae f esc§ria ex§c·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f)
gravissimus (-a) discipl¿nae
dinner c¡n·a |ae f; eat dinner c¡n§re,
c¡nam s»m·« |ere |ps¿ |ptus; have a discipline discipl¿n·a |ae f
roast for dinner assum in c¡n§
hab¡re; over dinner per c¡nam; discotheque discoth¡c·a |ae f
what are you having for dinner?
quid in c¡n§ hab¡bis? discount remissi·« |«nis f; five- (ten-
twenty-) percent discount quin§rum
dinner clothes c¡n§t«ri·a |«rum npl, (d¡n§rum, vic¡sim§rum)
synthes·is |is f cent¡sim§rum remissi«

dinnertime h«r·a |ae f c¡nand¿ discuss disput§re d¡ (+ abl)

dinosaur dinosaur·us |¿ m discussion disput§ti·« |«nis f

diocese dioec¡s·is |is f disease morb·us |¿ m

diphthong s diphthong·us |¿ f disgrace d¡dec·us |oris n, ign«mini·a
|ae f; be a disgrace to d¡decor¿ esse
diploma studi«rum dipl«m·a |atis n; get
a diploma studi«rum dipl«ma
mer·e« |¡re |u¿

directly r¡ct§, per d¿r¡ctum

General Vocabulary 305

(+ dat); that’s a darn disgrace! diving board tabul·a |ae f d¡sult«ria
edepol facinus improbum est!
divorce s d¿vorti·um |¿ n
disgraceful d¡dec«r·us |a |um,
ign«mini«s·us |a |um divorce tr d¿vorti·um facere cum (+ abl)

dish catill·us |¿ m; (open and flat) dizziness vert¿g·« |inis f
patin·a |ae f; (large) l§n·x |cis f;
dishes (including pots and pans) dizzy vert¿gin«s·us |a |um
v§s·a |«rum npl; wash the dishes
v§sa (coquin§t«ria) ¡lu·« |ere |¿ do facere, agere; (the hair) c«m·« |ere
¡l»tus c«mps¿ c«mptus; do in: he has done
me in perdidit m¡; do one’s best
dishonorable d¡dec«r·us |a |um operam d« dare ded¿; do good: it will
do you (a lot of, no) good pr«derit
dishwasher m§chin·a |ae f ¡l»t«ria (multum, nihil) tibi; do right well
r¡ct¡ val¡re; do s.o. in (ruin s.o.)
disk (comput) disc·us |¿ m; floppy disk aliquem pessum dare; I don’t know
discus flex¿bilis what to do quid faciam nesci«; it
won’t do to (+ inf) n«n satis est (+
disk drive (comput) ¿nstr»ment·um |¿ n inf); what else can I do? quid aliud
discul¿s legend¿s faciam?; what more can I do? quid
faciam amplius?; will this do?
diskette (comput) discul·us |¿ m satin(e) est?

dismay c«nstern§ti·« |«nis f doctor medic·us |¿ m (·a |ae f); (as an
academic title) doct·or |«ris m,
dismiss d¿mitt·« |ere d¿m¿s¿ d¿missus doctr·¿x |¿cis f

disposition affect·us |»s m (anim¿) doctorate doct«r§t·us |»s m

diss (slang) negleg·« |ere negl¡x¿ doctor’s degree doct«ris grad·us |»s m
negl¡ctus
documentary document§ri·um |¿ n
distance spati·um |¿ n; its distance
from the sea is three miles abest § dodge the draft m¿litiam subter·fugi«
mar¿ tria m¿lia passuum |fugere |f»g¿

distant longinqu·us |a |um; be distant dog can·is |is m; go to the dogs pessum
from abesse ab (+ abl), dist§re ab (+ e« ¿re |i¿ or |¿v¿
abl)
doing: what’s doing? quid agitur?
distinguished ill»str·is |is |e
doll p»p·a |ae f
distress dol·or |«ris m; (difficulty)
angusti·ae |§rum fpl dollar dollar·us |¿ m, dollari·um |¿ n

district tract·us |»s m, ag·er |r¿ m dolphin delph¿n·us |¿ m

distrust s (of) diff¿denti·a |ae f (+ gen) done for: I’m done for! n»llus sum! or
peri¿!
distrust tr diff¿d·« |ere diff¿sus sum
(semi-deponent) (+ dat) donkey asin·us |¿ m

dive (of a swimmer) praeceps d¡sil·i« door i§nu·a |ae f, «sti·um |¿ n; double
|¿re |u¿; (to submerge) »r¿n·or |§r¿ doors for·¡s |ium fpl; folding doors
|§tus sum valv·ae |§rum fpl; out of doors for¿s

diver »r¿n§·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f)

306 Conversational Latin

doorbell «sti¿ tintin§bul·um |¿ n; ring download (comput) ex r¡te prehen·d«
the doorbell puls§bulum comprim·« |dere |d¿ |sus, ex r¡te exprom·« |ere
|ere compress¿; the doorbell is |ps¿ |ptus
ringing «sti¿ tintin§bulum tinnit
down pat: you have the whole thing
doorknob i§nuae man»bri·um |¿ n down pat «rdine omnem rem ten¡s

door lock claustr·um |¿ n down payment arrab·« |«nis f; make a
down payment of $20 (or pay $20
doorpost post·is |is m down) v¿gint¿ dollar«s arrab«n¿ dare

doorstep l¿m·en |inis n downstairs (direction) deorsum;
(position) in ¿m« tabul§t«; go
doorway «sti·um |¿ n downstairs per sc§l§s d¡scend·« |ere
|¿; he is downstairs in ¿m« tabul§t«
dormitory hospiti·um |¿ n (discipul«rum est
or discipul§rum)
doze off in somnum d¡l§b·or |¿ d¡l§psus
dorsal fin pinn·a |ae f dors§lis sum

dose porti·« |«nis f; small dose draft c«nscr¿b·« |ere c«nscr¿ps¿
portiuncul·a |ae f c«nscr¿ptus

double adj gemin§t·us |a |um: double draft s (mil) d¿l¡ct·us |»s m; hold a
“i” as in “arm§ri¿” “i” littera draft d¿l¡ctum hab¡re
gemin§ta, ut arm§ri¿
draft-dodger qu¿ m¿litiam subterfugit
double s on the double curricul«;
doubles (in tennis) l»d·us |¿ m bis drag tr (comput) trah·« |ere tr§x¿
b¿n«rum tractus; drag out (a war) (bellum)
trahere or pr«d»c·« |ere ¶ intr drag
double home dom·us |»s f duplex on trah·or |¿

double room concl§ve |is n du«rum draw (water) (aquam) haur·i« |¿re haus¿
lect«rum haustus; (lines) (line§s) d»cere; (a
picture) (im§ginem) d¡line§re:
doubt s I have no doubt that … n«n (geometrical figures) form§s
mihi dubium est qu¿n (+ subj) (ge«metric§s) d¡scr¿b·« |ere d¡scr¿ps¿

doubt tr & intr dubit§re drawbridge p«ns, pontis m sublev§bilis

dove palumb·¡s |is f (see bird) drawer locul·us |¿ m, forul·us |¿ m
reciprocus
downcast d¡iect·us |a |um; d¡miss·us |a
|um; be downcast iac·e« |¡re |u¿; dread form¿d§re
with downcast eyes d¡iectus ocul«s
dreadful d¿r·us |a |um
downhearted d¡miss·us |a |um; be
downhearted anim« perculs« esse dress s vest·is |is f muliebris; (ankle-
length) vestis t§l§ris; (Roman) stol·a
downhill adj d¡cl¿v·is |is |e, pr«cl¿v·is |ae f
|is |e; it was all downhill after that
pr«cl¿via omnia erant postilla dress tr indu« induere indu¿ ind»tus,
vest·i« |¿re |¿v¿ or |i¿ |¿tus; dress
downhill adv per d¡cl¿ve; things are oneself, get dressed s¡ induere, s¡
going downhill incl¿n§ta r¡s est vest¿re ¶ intr dress up s¡ ex«rn§re

downhill racing d¡cursi·« |«nis f
simplex

General Vocabulary 307

dress shoes socc·¿ |«rum mpl, soccul·¿ fac!; drop it, please! mitt¡, am§b«!;
|«rum mpl (for women, of different drop off to sleep obdorm¿sc·« |ere;
colors and often decorated with let’s drop the subject missa haec
gems) faci§mus

dressing (on a salad) embamm·a |atis n; drug medic§m·en |inis n; (narcotic)
Caesar (Blue Cheese, French, medic§ment·um |¿ n psychotropicum
Italian, Russian, Thousand Island)
embamma Caesari§num (C§se¿ druggist medic§ment§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae
Caerule¿, Gallicum, Italicum, f), pharmacop«l·a |ae m (·ria |riae f)
Russicum, Mille ‡nsul§rum)
drugstore medic§ment§ri·a |ae f
dressing table m¡ns·a |ae f c«m§t«ria
drum tympan·um |¿ n; play the drum
dressmaker vestific·a |ae f tympanum puls§re

dribble tr (a basketball) repercutit§re drummer tympanist·a |ae m (·ria |riae
f)
dribbling repercuti·« |«nis f
drunk ¡bri·us |a |um
drifter larifug·a |ae m
drunkenness ¡briet·§s |§tis f; (habitual
drill s (tool) terebr·a |ae f; (in school) drunkenness) ¡bri«sit·§s |§tis f
exerciti·um |¿ n; (mil) exercit§ti·«
|«nis f dry cleaner full·« |«nis m

drill tr terebr§re; (students) ¿nstitu·« |ere dry cleaner’s (establishment) full«nic·a
|¿ ¿nstit»tus; (mil) exerc·e« |¡re |u¿ |ae f
|itus
dryer (for hair; for clothes)
drink s p«ti·« |«nis f; drinks p«ti«n·¡s ¿nstr»ment·um |¿ n sicc§t«rium
|um fpl, p«tulent·a |«rum npl (capill«rum; vestium)

drink tr p«t§re duck s an·as |atis f; (as food) anat¿n·a
|ae f; ducks quack anat¡s tetrinniunt
drive s (enthusiasm) studi·um |¿ n; (in a
vehicle) gest§ti·« |«nis f duck tr (in the water) d¡prim·« |ere
d¡press¿ d¡pressus; duck the issue
drive tr (a car, truck, bus) gubern§re, rem ¡v¿t§re ¶ intr caput inclin§re
agere; drive s.o. home aliquem
domum autoc¿n¡t« (or autoraed§) dull heb·es |etis
add»cere; drive s.o. mad aliquem
d¡mentem facere dummy (slang) frut·ex |icis m, b§r·«
|«nis m
driver autoraed§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f),
autoc¿n¡tist·¡s |is mf dumpling off·a |ae f, gl«bul·us |¿ m

driver’s license autoraed§ri¿ dipl«m·a dunce b§r·« |«nis m
|atis n
duped: you’ve been duped good and
drizzle intr it is drizzling l¡niter pluit proper tibi «s est sublitum pl§n¡ et
prob¡
drizzle s pluvi·a |ae f r§ra et min»ta
during inter (+ acc)
drop s (e.g., of rain) gutt·a |ae f
dust tr dust the furniture supellectilem
drop in on (to visit) inv¿s·« |ere |¿; drop d¡ter·ge« |g¡re |s¿ |sus
it! (no more of that!) missa istaec
dustpan vatill·um |¿ n

308 Conversational Latin

DVD digit§lis discul·us |¿ m magn¡- editor red§ct·or |«ris m, red§ctr·¿x |¿cis
toscopicus f; (of a newspaper, magazine) edit·or
t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f); editor in chief
dye ting·« |ere t¿nx¿ t¿nctus red§ctor pr¿nceps m, red§ctr¿x
pr¿nceps f
dying to know: I am dying to know
how you are doing vald¡ ave« sc¿re, educate ¿nstit·u« |uere |u¿ |»tus, ¡rud·i«
quid ag§s |¿re |i¿ |¿tus

E educated ¡rud¿t·us |a |um

each quisque quaeque quodque education ¿nstit»ti·« |«nis f, ¡ruditi·«
|«nis f (Note that ¡d»c§ti« refers to
eager (for) cupid·us |a |um (+ gen) “raising, bringing up” and can apply
to the raising of children as well as
eagle aquil·a |ae f; eagles screech livestock and crops, the training of
aquilae str¿dent the body, etc.)

ear aur·is |is f; (outer) auricul·a |ae f; eel angu¿ll·a |ae f

earlobe lann·a |ae f effeminate eff¡min§t·us |a |um

early (at an early period) m§t»r¡; (too efficiency habilit·§s |§tis f
soon) praem§t»r¡; early in the
morning bene m§ne efficient habil·is |is |e

earrings inaur·¡s |ium fpl effort: it’s (not) worth the effort
pretium operae (n«n) est; make an
earthquake terrae m«t·us |»s m effort to be on time d§ operam ut
tempest¿v¡ ads¿s; you’ve wasted all
earthworm lumbr¿c·us |¿ m your effort omnem operam perdidist¿

east ori·¡ns |entis m; on the east (side) egg «v·um |¿ n (fried fr¿ctum; hard-
ab oriente; to the east in orientem boiled d»rum; soft-boiled apalum;
versus [versus is an adverb] scrambled perm¿xtum)

Easter adj Pasch§l·is |is |e egg on concit§re

Easter s Pasch·a |ae f, Pasch·a |§tis n eggplant melong¡n·a |ae f

eastern orient§l·is |is |e egg white alb»m·en |inis n

eastward in orientem versus [versus is either … or aut … aut
an adverb]
elbow cubit·um |¿ n
easy chair arciselli·um |¿ n t«ment«
fartum elect cre§re; (Roman senators) coöpt§re

easy-going facil·is |is |e elections comiti·a |«rum npl; hold
elections comitia hab¡re
eat ed« ¡sse or edere ¡d¿ ¡sus;
(breakfast, lunch, dinner) s»m·« |ere electric(al) ¡lectric·us |a |um
s»mps¿ s»mptus; eat out for¿s c¡n§re
electrical appliances ¡lectrica
edict ¡dict·um |¿ n ¿nstr»ment·a |«rum npl

edit ¡d« ¡dere ¡did¿ ¡ditus electrical outlet capsul·a |ae f cont§ct»s
¡lectric¿
edition ¡diti·« |«nis f

General Vocabulary 309

electric bulb globul·us |¿ m ¡lectricus embezzle ¡vert·« |ere |¿ ¡versus

electric cord f»nicul·us |¿ m ¡lectricus embezzlement pec»l§t·us |»s m

electric current fluent·um |¿ n embroider ac» ping·« |ere p¿nx¿ pictus
¡lectricum
embroidered (with colors) pict·us |a
electric fan m§chin·a |ae f ventigena |um

electric light l»m·en |inis n ¡lectricum; emerald adj smaragdin·us |a |um
turn off (turn off) the light l»men
accend·« |ere |¿ acc¡nsus (exstingu·« emerald s smaragd·us |¿ m
|ere ext¿nx¿ ext¿nctus)
emigrate ¡migr§re
electric shaver r§s«ri·um |¿ n ¡lectricum
emotion anim¿ m«t·us |»s m; express
electric stove focul·us |¿ m ¡lectricus emotions anim¿ m«t»s exprim·« |ere
express¿ expressus
electric wire f¿l·um |¿ n ¡lectricum
emperor imper§t·or |«ris m; (title
electrician ¡lectridis artif·ex |icis m chosen by Augustus) pr¿nc·eps |ipis
m
electricity ¡lectr·is |idis f
employ (to use) »t·or |¿ »sus sum (+
electronic ¡lectronic·us |a |um abl); (to hire) cond»cere

elegance ¡leganti·a |ae f employee conduct·us |¿ m (·a |ae f),
merc¡n§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f)
elegant ¡leg·§ns |antis
employer (operae) conduc·tor |t«ris m
elementary school litter§rius l»d·us |¿ m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f)

elephant elephant·us |¿ m; elephants employment (act) »s·us |»s m;
trumpet elephant¿ barriunt (occupation) quaest·us |»s m

elevator cellul·a |ae f sc§ns«ria empty (into) s¡ effund·« |ere eff»d¿
eff»sus (in + acc)
eloquent ¡loqu·¡ns |entis
enclitic s enclitic·um |¿ n (ut “-que,”
else: anyone else qu¿v¿s alius; anything “|ve” and, or)
else? aliquid amplius? no one else
n¡m« alius; nothing else nihil aliud; encourage adhort·or |§r¿ |§tus sum
who else is more deserving? quis
alter est dignior hom«? encouragement hort§t·us |»s m,
hort§m·en |inis n
elsewhere alib¿
end s f¿n·is |is m; in the end ab
e-mail s litter·ae |§rum fpl ¡lectronicae; extr¡m«; put an end to a war bell¿
(the system) curs·us |»s m f¿nem facere; toward the end of his
¡lectronicus life tempore extr¡m«; that’s the end
of me §ctum est d¡ m¡
e-mail tr litter§s ¡lectronic§s mittere ad
(+ acc) end f¿n·i« |¿re |¿v¿ |¿tus ¶ intr d¡sin·«
|ere, f¿n·ior |¿r¿ f¿n¿tus sum; (gram)
e-mail address ¿nscr¿pti·« |«nis f (in) termin·or |§r¿ |§tus sum (in +
¡lectronica acc or abl)

embarrass perturb§re ending s (gram) termin§ti·« |«nis f

embarrassed: I am embarrassed by
sum perturb§tus cum (+ abl)

310 Conversational Latin

ending adj (gram) (in) termin§t·us |a eraser (for a blackboard) d¡ters«ri·um
|um (in + acc) |¿ n; (on a pencil) cumm·is |is f
d¡l¡tilis
enemy host·¡s |ium mpl; (personal
enemy) inim¿c·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) erasure lit»r·a |ae f

energetic n§v·us |a |um error err·or |«ris m; (in writing)
mend·um |¿ n, mend·a |ae f, viti·um
enforce the law l¡gem exerc·e« |¡re |u¿ |¿ n; commit (make) an error
|itus mendum admitt·« |ere adm¿s¿
admissus
engine m§chin§ment·um |¿ n, m«tr·um
|¿ n escalator sc§l·ae |§rum fpl m«bil¡s (or
vol»bil¡s)
engineer m§chin§·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x
|tr¿cis f escape s effugi·um |¿ n

engineering m§chin§lis scienti·a |ae f escape tr escape the notice of fall·« |ere
fefell¿ ¶ intr effug·i« |ere eff»g¿
enjoy (good health, company, etc.) »tor
»t¿ »sus sum (+ abl) esophagus gul·a |ae f

enlist mil n«men (of several: n«mina) especially potissimum, praecipu¡
dare
espresso caffe·a |ae f expressa
enough satis; enough and more than
enough satis superque; enough of essay tract§t·us |»s m
this! haec h§ctenus!; enough time
satis temporis esteem s aestim§ti·« |«nis f; hold s.o. in
high (highest) esteem aliquem
enter intr§re; (comput) in «rdin§trum magn¿ (maxim¿) facere
refer« referre retul¿ rel§tus
esteem tr aestim§re
enthusiasm studi·um |¿ n
estranged: become estranged from s.o.
enthusiastic (about) studi«s·us |a |um aliquem § s¡ ali¡n§re
(+ gen)
estuary aestu§ri·um |¿ n
entrance (entering) introit·us |»s m;
(approach) adit·us |»s m; (doorway) Etruria Etr»ri·a |ae f
osti·um |¿ n
Europe Eur«p·a |ae f
envelope invol»cr·um |¿ n epistul§re
European Eur«pae·us |a |um
envious invid·us |a |um; be envious of
invid·e« |¡re inv¿d¿ (+ dat) evasive ambigu·us |a |um

environment circumiect·a |«rum npl even etiam; even today etiamnum; not
even ne … quidem; get even with
envy s invidi·a |ae f s.o. aliquem ulc¿sc·or |¿ ultus sum

envy tr invid·e« |¡re inv¿d¿ inv¿sum (+ evening vesp·er |er¿ m, vesper·a |ae f;
dat) all evening t«t§ vesper§; early in the
evening pr¿m« vesper¿; in the
epilepsy morb·us |¿ m comiti§lis evening vesper¿, vespere; last
evening her¿ vesper¿; on Saturday
equally aequ¡ evening di¡ S§turn¿ vesper¿; this
evening hodi¡ vesper¿; toward
erase ¡r§d·« |ere |¿ ¡r§sus evening sub vesperum; very late in

General Vocabulary 311

the evening pervesper¿; yesterday excite excit§re
evening her¿ vesper¿
excited comm«t·us |a |um, excit§t·us |a
evening wear c¡n§t«ri·a |«rum npl |um

ever umquam excitement anim¿ comm«ti·« |«nis f;
feel excitement excit·or |§r¿
every omn·is |is |e; every day c«t¿di¡; excit§tus sum
every month quot m¡nsibus; every
night per singul§s noct¡s; every now exclamation excl§m§ti·« |«nis f
and then interdum; every year
quotann¿s exclamation point sign·um |¿ n
excl§m§ti«nis
evidence testim«ni·um |¿ n; give
evidence against s.o. testim«nium excuse s exc»s§ti·« |«nis f; (pretext)
d¿cere in aliquem; on what evidence praetext·um |¿ n
will you convict me? qu« m¡ teste
convinc¡s?; this evidence is not excuse tr (pardon) ign«sc·« |ere ign«v¿
admissible hoc testim«nium n«n (+ dat); excuse me ign«sce mihi;
s»mendum est; turn state’s evidence please excuse me obsecr«, mihi
indicium profit·eor |¡r¿ professus ign«sc§s; excuse oneself s¡ exc»s§re
sum
exempt: be exempt from military
evidently manifest¡ service m¿litiae vac§ti«nem hab¡re

exact acc»r§t·us |a |um, ex§ct·us |a |um exemption from military service
m¿litiae vac§ti·« |«nis f
exaggerate: don’t exaggerate
everything! n«l¿ (pl: n«l¿te) omnia in exercise intr s¡ exerc·e« |¡re |u¿
m§ius extollere!
exercise s (written) exerciti·um |¿ n;
exam ex§m·en |inis n, prob§ti·« |«nis f; (practice) exercit§ti·« |«nis f
flunk an exam cad·« |ere cecid¿
c§s»rus in ex§mine; pass an exam exhale exsp¿r§re
ex§men sustin·e« |¡re |u¿; take an
exam ex§men ob·e« |¿re |i¿; tough exhaust ¡miss§ri·um |¿ n
exam ex§men rig«r«sum
expect exspect§re; what do you expect?
examine ex§min§re quid v¿s fier¿?

example exempl·um |¿ n; set a good expense imp¡ns·a |ae f, s»mpt·us |»s m;
example bonum exemplum praeb·e« at my expense me« s»mpt»; at your
|¡re |u¿ own expense pr¿v§t« s»mpt»

excavator m§chin·a |ae f f«ss«ria expensive c§r·us |a |um, preti«s·us |a
|um
except praeter (+ acc); except that nisi
quod (+ indic) experience experienti·a |ae f, »s·us |»s
m
excessive (in) immodic·us |a |um (+ gen
or abl) experienced (in) per¿t·us |a |um (+ gen)

exchange perm»t§re; exchange expert s per¿t·us |¿ m (·a |ae f)
greetings c«nsal»t§re; exchange
prisoners capt¿v«s inter s¡ perm»t§re expert in gn§r·us |a |um (+ gen)

explain expl§n§re, explic§re

explanation expl§n§ti·« |«nis f,
explic§ti·« |«nis f

312 Conversational Latin

express exprim·« |ere express¿ face s faci·¡s |¡¿ f; be face to face with
expressus you praes¡ns praesent¿ tibi esse;
make a face «s d»cere; on the face
expression vult·us |»s m; change one’s of it pr¿m§ faci¡; we can discuss
expression vultum flect·« |ere flex¿ that face to face c«ram id agere
flexus possumus

expressive (eyes) arg»t·us |a |um face tr spect§re; (to withstand, e.g.,
danger) obviam ¿re (+ dat); face
express train tr§m·en |inis n north (south, east, west) spect§re in
rapidissimum (or ad) septentri«n¡s (mer¿diem,
orientem, occidentem)
extend intr (of land, body of water)
tend·« |ere, pr«tend·« |ere, pat·e« fact: as a matter of fact enimv¡r«; in
|¡re; the region extends from … to fact profect«, v¡r«, quidem; the fact
… regi« tendit (or patet) ab (+ abl) that … quod (+ indic); the facts
ad (+ acc); extend over (to cover) speak for themselves r¡s ipsa indicat
obtin·e« |¡re or r¡s pr« s¡ loquitur

extortion violenta ex§cti·« |«nis f faction facti·« |«nis f
pec»ni§rum
factory fabric·a |ae f
extracurricular extra«rdin§ri·us |a |um
faculty «rd·« |inis m profess«rum
eye ocul·us |¿ m; keep an eye on that
guy adserv§ (pl: adserv§te) istum; fail tr fail an exam (test, quiz) in
keep your eyes open cav¡ ex§mine (prob§ti«ne, prob§tiuncul§)
circumspici§s; look me in the eye cad·« |ere cecid¿; words fail me quid
aspicedum contr§ m¡; with eyes d¿cam n«n inveni«
wide open hiantibus ocul¿s
fair aequ·us |a |um; (complexion)
eyeball orb·is |is m ocul¿ candid·us |a |um; (weather) ser¡n·us
|a |um, s»d·us |a |um; fair and
eyebrow supercili·um |¿ n square sine f»c« ac fall§ci¿s; I think
that’s fair id aequ¿ faci«; that’s not
eye doctor medic·us |¿ m ocul§rius, fair of you n«n aequum facis
medic·a |ae f ocul§ria
fairground(s) pr§t·um |¿ n f¡st¿vum
eyeglasses perspicill·a |«rum npl, vitr·a
|«rum npl ocul§ria; wear eyeglasses fairly (in a fair way) aequ¡; (somewhat)
perspicill¿s »t·or |¿ »sus sum aliquantulum; (moderately)
mediocriter
eyelash palpebrae pil·us |¿ m; eyelashes
palpebr§rum pil·¿ |«rum mpl fair-minded aequ·us |a |um

eyelid palpebr·a |ae f fairness aequit·§s |§tis f

eyewitness ocul§tus (-a) test·is |is mf fairy d¿v·a |ae f

F faith fid·¡s |e¿ f; in bad faith d¡ fid¡
mal§; in good faith (ex) bon§ fid¡
fabric (pattern of weaving) text·us |»s m
(coarse crassus; sheer, thin tenuis; faithful fid¡l·is |is |e
thick pinguis)
fake simul§re

faker simul§·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f)

General Vocabulary 313

falcon falc·« |«nis m (see bird) farm fund·us |¿ m, r»s, r»ris n; on the
farm r»r¿
fall adj autumn§l·is |is |e
farm animals pec·us |oris n or pecor·a
fall intr cad« cadere cecid¿ c§s»rus; fall |um npl
asleep obdorm¿sc·« |ere; fall
(desperately) in love with (perdit¡) farmer agricol·a |ae m
am§re coep·¿ |isse; fall flat (of a
speech, etc.) fr¿ge« fr¿g¡re; fall for (a farm house v¿ll·a |ae f r»stica
trick) fall·or |¿ (+ abl); fall in love at
first sight »n« aspect» in am«rem farsighted pr«vid·us |a |um
incid·« |ere |¿; fall sick in morbum
incidere fashion cult»s mod·us |¿ m; be in
fashion more fier¿; come into
fall s autumn·us |¿ m fashion in morem ven·i« |¿re v¡n¿;
go out of fashion obsol¡sc·« |ere
false fals·us |a |um obsol¡v¿ obsol¡tum

falsely fals« fast cel·er |eris |ere; be fast asleep art¡
dorm·i« |¿re |¿v¿
family famili·a |ae f; come from a good
family honest« loc« n§t·us |a esse fat ob¡s·us |a |um (opp: gracil·is |is |e)

family name gent¿le n«m·en |inis n fathead (slang) fatu·us |¿ m (·a |ae f)
family tree stirp·s |is f, stemm·a |atis n
famous praecl§r·us |a |um; famous for father pa·ter |tris m; father of the
family paterfamili§s (gen:
inclutus (+ abl), n«bilis (+ abl) patrisfamili§s) m

fan s flabell·um |¿ n; (admirer) faut·or father-in-law soc·er |er¿ m
|«ris m, fautr·¿x |¿cis f; electric fan
m§chinul·a |ae f ventigena fatigue fatig§ti·« |«nis f

fan tr ventil§re fatigued fess·us |a |um

fantastic m¿rific·us |a |um faucet epitoni·um |¿ n; turn on (off) the
faucet epitonium vers§re (revers§re)
far (by far) long¡; as far as I’m
concerned per m¡; by far long¡, fault culp·a |ae f; be at fault in culp§
mult«; far be it from me to say esse; not be at fault extr§ culpam
equidem d¿cere n«lim; far from esse
procul ab (+ abl); how far? quoad,
quo»sque?; (not) far from here faultless ¡mend§t·us |a |um
(haud) procul hinc; far from it!
minim¡!; farthest to the south favor benefici·um |¿ n, gr§ti·a |ae f,
longissim¡ in mer¿diem; so far so gr§t·um |¿ n; accept and return a
good bell¡ adh»c; so far, thus far favor beneficium accipere et reddere;
h§ctenus ask s.o. for a favor gr§tiam ab
aliqu« pet·« |ere pet¿v¿; do s.o. a
faraway (distant) longinqu·us |a |um favor gr§tum alicui facere; do s.o. a
big favor gratissimum alicui facere;
fare vect»r·a |ae f return s.o. a favor gr§tiam alicui
refer« referre retul¿; please do me
farewell val¡ (pl: val¡te) this favor! am§b« t¡, fac (or for a
previous favor: refer) hanc gr§tiam
far-fetched idea conquis¿tum c«nsili·um mihi
|¿ n

314 Conversational Latin

favorable (auspices, circumstances, feeling s¡ns·us |»s m, affect·us |»s m;
gods, wind) secund·us |a |um (feelings esp. with reference to
anger) anim·us |¿ m; his (her)
fax t¡lec«pi·a |ae f feelings were hurt animus eius
saucius erat; hurt s.o.’s feelings
fax machine t¡lec«pi§tr·um |¿ n aliquem offend·« |ere |¿

fear s met·us |»s m; he put the fear of fellow citizen c¿v·is |is mf su·us (|a)
God into them c»r§vit ut ill¿s
I»ppiter ¿r§tus esset; out of fear prae fellow passenger convect·or |«ris m,
met» convectr·¿x |¿cis f

fear tr metu·« |ere |¿, t¿m·e« |¡re |u¿ fellow soldier conm¿lit·« |«nis m

fearful (terrible) d¿r·us |a |um; fearful fellow student condiscipul·us |¿ m (·a
of timid·us |a |um (+ gen) |ae f)

fearless impavid·us |a |um fellow worker soci·us |¿ m (·a |ae f)
operis
feather penn·a |ae f; (soft, downy)
pl»m·a |ae f felon scelest·us |¿ m (·a |ae f)

February m¡ns·is |is m Febru§rius; in felony scel·us |eris n
February m¡nse Febru§ri«
feminine f¡min¿n·us |a |um
feeble imb¡cill·us |a |um
fence saep¿ment·um |¿ n
feebleness imb¡cillit·§s |§tis f
fender luticipul·um |¿ n
feed p§sc·« |ere p§v¿ p§stus
ferry n§v·is |is f tr§iect«ria (or vect«ria)
feel tr (with the hands) tent§re; (hunger,
pain, cold, etc.) sent·i« |¿re s¡ns¿ fetch pet« petere pet¿v¿ (or peti¿) pet¿tus
s¡nsus; feel one’s way viam tent§re;
(fig) caut¡ et cogit§t¡ rem tract§re; fever febr·is |is f; constant fever
feel pain dol«re afficior affic¿ continua febris; high fever magna or
affectus sum ¶ intr because I felt §rd¡ns febris; run a fever febricit§re;
like it quia mihi libitum est; I wasn’t slight fever febrecul·a |ae f
feeling well ego m¡ n«n bell¡
hab¡bam; feel annoyed grav·or |§r¿ few: a few pauc·¿ |ae |a
|§tus sum; feel bad (good)
(physically) s¡ male (bene) hab¡re; fiction f§bul«sa narr§ti·« |«nis f
feel better (physically) melius s¡
hab¡re; melius val·e« |¡re |u¿; feel fiddle fidicul·a |ae f; play the fiddle
down and out ¿nfr§ctum animum fidicul§ can·« |ere cecin¿
ger·« |ere gess¿; feel fine s¡ bene
hab¡re; feel glad laet·or |§r¿ laet§tus fiddlesticks! n»gae!
sum; feel happy gaud·e« |¡re
g§v¿sus sum; How do you feel? ut t¡ fidelity fid¡lit·§s |§tis f
hab¡s?; I feel fine m¡ bene habe«;
bene mihi est; feel really bad about field ag·er |r¿ m; (untilled) camp·us |¿
vald¡ dol·e« |¡re |u¿ d¡ (+ abl); feel m; (of study) discipl¿n·a |ae f
sad maest·us |a |um esse
fierce fer·«x |«cis
feelers: put out feelers to tent§re
figure s: female figure muliebris form·a
|ae f; figure of speech fig»r·a |ae f
«r§ti«nis, trop·us |¿ m

figurative tr§nsl§t·us |a |um;
fig»r§t¿v·us |a |um

General Vocabulary 315

figuratively per tr§nsl§ti«nem, tr§nsl§t¿s s¡d¿; point the finger at s.o. digitum
verb¿s, fig»r§te ad aliquem intend·« |ere |¿; ring
finger digitus §nul§ris; snap the
figure on (rely on) n¿t·or |¿ n¿xus sum or fingers digit¿s concrep·« |§re |u¿
n¿sus sum (+ abl)
finger tr (to handle) attrect§re; (to
figure out exc«git§re inform on) d¡fer« d¡ferre d¡tul¿

figure skating patin§ti·« |«nis f fingernail ungu·is |is m
artifici«sa
finger tip digitus |¿ m pr¿m«ris
file (tool) l¿m·a |ae f; (for receiving
papers) scap·us |¿ m; (comput) finish c«nfic·i« |ere c«nf¡c¿ c«nfectus;
document·um |¿ n; files document·a finish off (to destroy) per·d« |dere
|«rum npl, §ct·a |«rum npl |did¿; (to kill) occ¿d·« |ere -¿ occ¿sus;
finish writing (a book, etc.) absolv·«
fill impl·e« |¡re |¡v¿ |¡tus; fill it up, |ere |¿ absol»tus; put the finishing
please! quaes«, immiss§rium touch to ultimam manum affer«
benz¿n§rium repl¡ t«tum! afferre attul¿ (+ dat)

film taeniol·a |ae f, pellicul·a |ae f; finish line (sports) calx, calcis f, cr¡t·a
documentary film taeniol·a |ae f |ae f
document§ria; movie film taeniola
c¿n¡matographica; photographic fire s incendi·um |¿ n; be on fire §rd·e«
film pellicula ph«tographica; show a |¡re |u¿; catch fire ignem concip·i«
film taeniolam (c¿n¡matographicam) |ere conc¡p¿; put out a fire
exhib·e« |¡re |u¿ |itus incendium exstingu·« |ere exst¿nx¿
exst¿nctus; set on fire incend·« |ere
filter filtr·um |¿ n |¿ inc¡nsus

fin pinn·a |ae f fire tr (to dismiss) §mov·e« |¡re §m«v¿
§m«tus
final ultim·us |a |um, extr¡m·us |a |um
fire alarm sign·um |¿ n monit«rium
finally tandem; (at last) ad extr¡mum incendi¿

find reper·i« |¿re repper¿ repertus fire chief praefect·us |¿ m vigilum

fine adj (outstanding) prae·st§ns |stantis; fire engine s¿ph·« |«nis m
(weather) ser¡n·us |a |um;
everything’s fine r¡ct¡ est; fine! firefighter vig·il |ilis mf; s¿ph«n§ri·us |¿
prob¡!; fine arts art·¡s |ium fpl m (·a |ae f)
¡leganti«r¡s; fine weather ser¡nit·§s
|§tis f; that’s fine bene hoc habet; fireplace foc·us |¿ m
you did fine f¡cist¿ prob¡
fire station stati·« |«nis f vigilum
fine tr fine s.o. mult§re aliquem (+ abl
of the fine) fireworks spect§cul·um |¿ n
pyrotechnicum
finger s digit·us |¿ m; index finger
ind·ex |icis digitus m; little finger firm adj firm·us |a |um
digitus minimus; middle finger
digitus medius; (as an obscene firm s societ·§s |§tis f
gesture) digitus inpud¿cus; not lift a
finger press¿s manibus sed·e« |¡re first (in a series, followed by deinde,
postr¡m«) pr¿mum; at first (§) pr¿m«,
initi«; first of all pr¿mum omnium, in

316 Conversational Latin

pr¿m¿s; for the first time pr¿mum; he flash of lightning fulg·ur |uris n
was the first to enter pr¿mus
intro¿vit flashy speci«s·us |a |um

first-class (masterly) graphic·us |a |um; flat (level) pl§n·us |a |um; (dull, stale,
first-class seat s¡d·¡s |is f pr¿mae e.g., joke) fr¿gid·us |a |um; fall flat
classis (of a speech) fr¿g¡re

fish intr pisc·or |§r¿ |§tus sum; go flatter bland·ior |¿r¿ |¿tus sum (+ dat)
fishing pisc§tum e« ¿re ¿v¿ or i¿
flattering bland·us |a |um
fish s pisc·is |is m; (as food) pisc§t·us
|»s m; catch fish pisc¡s capt§re; flattery blanditi·a |ae f
teeming with fish pisc«s·us |a |um
flatware ¿nstr»ment·a |«rum npl esc§ria
fisherman pisc§t·or |«ris m
flea p»l·ex |icis m
fish food ¡sc·a |ae f pisc§ria
flea market for·um |¿ n r¡rum v¡n§lium
fish hook h§m·us |¿ m
flesh car·« |nis f
fishing s pisc§t·us |»s m; fishing bait
¡sc·a |ae f; fishing line l¿n·um |¿ n flight vol§t·us |»s m
(pisc§t«rium); fishing net r¡t·e |is n
(pisc§t«rium); fishing pole harund·« flirt s d¡sult·or |«ris m, vaga puell·a |ae
|inis f; fishing rod calam·us |¿ m f
(pisc§t«rius); fishing tackle
¿nstr»ment·um |¿ n pisc§t«rium flirt with subbland·ior |¿r¿ (+ dat)

fish market for·um |¿ n pisc§rium flock (of birds, sheep, goats) grex,
gregis m
fish pond pisc¿n·a |ae f
floor (paved) pav¿ment·um |¿ n, sol·um
fishy (smell) pisculent·us |a |um; (fig) |¿ n; (story) tabul§t·um |¿ n,
suspici«s·us |a |um contign§ti·« |«nis f; ground floor
pedepl§n·a |«rum npl; marble floor
fix s be in a fix in angusti¿s vers·or |§r¿ pav¿mentum (or solum) marm«reum;
|§tus sum mosaic floor pav¿mentum (or solum)
tessel§tum; wooden floor tabul§t·um
fix tr (to repair) refic·i« |ere ref¡c¿ |¿ n
refectus; (time, place, limits) statu·«
|ere |u¿ stat»tus floppy disk (comput) discul·us |¿ m
flex¿bilis
flabbergast conturb§re
florescent light tubul·us |¿ m fl«r¡sc¡ns
flabbergasted: we were absolutely
flabbergasted n«s omn¿n« flounder intr volut·or |§r¿ |§tus sum; (in
conturb§b§mur speech) haesit§re

flag s vexill·um |¿ n flounder s (fish) pass·er |eris m

flag tr sign« indic§re flour far¿n·a |ae f

flame (of fire; sweetheart) flamm·a |ae f flow flu·« |ere fl»x¿ fl»xus; flow by
adlu·«, adluere; flow down from
flap the wings §l¿s plaud·« |ere plaus¿ d¡fluere d¡ (+ abl); flow into
plausus ¿nfluere in (+ acc); flow out from
effluere ab (+ abl); flow past
flashlight ¿nstr»ment·um |¿ n mic§ns praeterfluere (+ acc)

General Vocabulary 317

flower (lit & fig) fl«·s |ris m foot p¡s, pedis m; foot of a mountain
r§d·¿x |¿cis m montis; at the foot of
flower shop tabern·a |ae f fl«r§lis the mountain r§d¿ce montis

fluent pr«flu·¡ns |entis football (ball) pedifoll·is |is m; (game)
pedifolli·um |¿ n, pedil»di·um |¿ n;
flunk: flunk a test cad·« |ere cecid¿ kick the (foot)ball pedifollem
c§s»rus in prob§ti«ne puls§re; pass the (foot)ball to
pedifollem tr§nsmittere ad (+ acc);
fluorescent light tubul·us |¿ m l»cifluus play football pedifolle l»dere; play
in the first (second) half in parte
flush the toilet l§tr¿nam pr«lu« pr«luere pri«re (alter§) cert§minis l»dere (see
pr«lu¿ Chapter V)

flute t¿bi·a |ae f football player pedil»s·or |«ris m

fly s musc·a |ae f; a fly buzzes musca foothills r§d¿c·¡s |um mpl montis
bombilat
footnote annot§ti·« |«nis f ¿mae p§ginae
fly tr fly a plane §ëroplanum gubern§re
¶ intr vol§re; (of a passenger) for (during a certain period, expressed
§ëroplan« vehor, veh¿, vectus sum; by acc), e.g., for ten days decem
fly away §vol§re; fly off the handle di¡s; (to denote the appointment of
cito ferv·e« |¡re ferbu¿ definite time) in (+ acc), e.g., he
invited her to dinner for the
fog nebul·a |ae f following day eam ad c¡nam voc§vit
in posterum diem; (because of) ob (+
foggy nebul«s·us |a |um acc); (on behalf of) pr« (+ abl);
(since) nam; as for quod attinet ad (+
fold plic§re; fold up complic§re acc); for all that nec e« s¡tius or
nihil« s¡tius; for nothing gr§t¿s,
folder integ»ment·um |¿ n astrict«rium; gr§tu¿t«; (in vain) frustr§; for that
(comput) coöpercul·um |¿ n matter ade«; for the last three
months in tern«s novissim«s m¡ns¡s;
fond: fond of cupid·us |a |um (+ gen); for the rest of the year in reliquum
be fond of d¿lig·« |ere d¿l¡x¿ ann¿ tempus; for these reasons h¿s
d¿l¡ctus, am§re d¡ caus¿s; to be for (to be in favor
of) fav·e« |¡re f§v¿ (+ dat)
fondness am·or |«ris m
force s v¿s f; by force v¿; large force
font typ·us |¿ m magnae c«piae fpl; small force
exiguae c«piae; be in force (of laws)
food cib·us |¿ m val·e« |¡re |u¿; use force vim
adhib·e« |¡re |u¿ |itus
food processor m§chin·a |ae f
coqu¿n§ria force tr c«g·« |ere co¡g¿ co§ctus

fool stult·us |¿ m, stult·a |ae f; make a forearm bracchi·um |¿ n
fool of l»dific§re; make a fool of
oneself inept·i« |¿re forecast praen»nti§ti·« |«nis f
(tempest§tis)
foolhardy temer§ri·us |a |um

foolish d¡sipi·¡ns |entis

foolishly: act foolishly inept·i« |¿re

foolishness d¡sipienti·a |ae f

318 Conversational Latin

forefathers atav·¿ |«rum mpl; m§i«r·¡s forward (mail, e-mail) d¡fer« d¡ferre
|um mpl d¡tul¿ d¡l§tus

forehand (in tennis) ¿ct·us |»s m forward (sports) oppugn§·tor |t«ris m
d¿r¡ctus (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f)

forehead fr«ns, frontis f foul: commit a foul (sports) poen§liter
ag·« |ere ¡g¿
foreign (of another country) extern·us |a
|um; (coming from abroad) fountain pen graphi·um |¿ n repl¡bile
peregr¿n·us |a |um
fox vulp·¡s |is f; foxes yelp vulp¡s
foreigner peregr¿n·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) ganniunt

forelady pr«c»r§tr·¿x |¿cis f frame of mind §nim·us |¿ m; be in a
good frame of mind bon« §nim«
foreman pr«c»r§t·or |«ris m esse

forest silv·a |ae f frank apert·us |a |um, candid·us |a |um

forget (about) obl¿v¿sc·or |¿ obl¿tus sum frankly apert¡, candid¡
(+ gen); forget about it! ¡ice id ex
anim«! frantic phren¡tic·us |a |um

fork furcill·a |ae f, fuscinul·a |ae f fraternity sod§lit·§s |§tis f alumn«rum

form s form·a |ae f; (of a word) fig»r·a fraud frau·s |dis f
|ae f; the form is either simple, like
“doctus,” or compound, like free l¿b·er |era |erum; free time temp·us
“indoctus” fig»ra est aut simplex, ut |oris n l¿berum, vacuum temp·us
“doctus,” aut composita, ut |oris n; have no free time nihil vacu¿
“indoctus” temporis hab¡re; if you are free s¿
vac§bis
form tr fac·i« |ere f¡c¿ factus; (a plan,
partnership, alliance) in·e« |¿re |i¿ or free-style swimming nat§ti·« |«nis f
|¿v¿ |itus; form an opinion i»dicium l¿bera
facere; form the imperative of the
verb “venire” fac imper§t¿vum freeze tr gel§re ¶ intr gel§r¿
“ven¿re” verb¿
freezer caps·a |ae f fr¿gorifica
format s (comput) form·a |ae f
freezing gelid·us |a |um
format tr (discum) c«nform§re
freezing, freezing mark p»nct·um |¿ n
formerly ante§ glaci§le; three degrees above
freezing tr¡s grad»s supr§ p»nctum
fort castell·um |¿ n glaci§le

fortunate fort»n§t·us |a |um freight train tr§m·en |inis n oner§rium

fortune: tell fortunes hariol·or |§r¿ |§tus French Gallofranc·us |a |um
sum
French fries p«m·a |«rum npl
fortuneteller hariol·us |¿ m, hariol·a (terrestria) fr¿cta
|ae f
fresh rec·¡ns |entis
forum for·um |¿ n
freshman t¿r·« |«nis mf

Friday di·¡s |¡¿ m Veneris

General Vocabulary 319

friend am¿c·us |¿ m, am¿c·a |ae f; she’s fuel m§teri·a |ae f pr«puls«ria
my best friend am¿ca summa mea
est full (of) pl¡n·us |a |um (+ abl or gen);
full moon pl¡nil»ni·um |¿ n, pl¡na
friendly am¿c·us |a |um; in a friendly l»n·a |ae f
way am¿c¡
full-grown adult·us |a |um
friendship am¿citi·a |ae f
full-length (dress) t§l§r·is |is |e
frighten terr·e« |¡re |u¿ |itus
fully adv funditus
fringe fimbri·a |ae f
fun ioc·us |¿ m; he always makes fun
frivolous fr¿vol·us |a |um of me (or pokes fun at me) iste m¡
semper ¡l»dit (or inr¿det); she said it
frog r§n·a |ae f; frogs croak r§nae for fun id per iocum d¿xit; it’s no
coaxant fun if you … n«n i»cundum est s¿ t»
… ; it was pure fun hilaria mera
from prep ab or d¡ or ex (+ abl); from erat; have fun s¡ oblect§re
a to z ab aci§ et ac»; from here hinc;
from there illinc; from where unde function s (gram) potenti·a |ae f

front adj pr¿·or |or |us; (teeth, feet) funeral f»n·us |eris n; attend (or go to)
pr¿m«r·is |is |e a funeral in f»nus ven¿re

front s fr«n·s |tis f; in front § fronte; in funnel ¿nfund¿bul·um |¿ n
front of (position) ante (+ acc), pr«
(+ abl); (in the presence of) coram (+ funny ioc«s·us |a |um, r¿dicul·us |a
abl); front of the classroom prior |um; (humorous) f¡st¿v·us |a |um
par·s |tis f concl§vis schol§ris; front
of the house fr«ns aedium fur coat am¿cul·um |¿ n pellicium

front door ant¿c·um |¿ n fur jacket iacc·a |ae f pellicia

front hall v¡stibul·um |¿ n, fauc·¡s |ium furlough comme§t·us |»s m; be on
fpl furlough in comme§t» esse; end of
the furlough comme§t»s di·¡s |¡¿ m;
front seat s¡d·¡s |is f anterior get a furlough comme§tum
impetr§re
frontier f¿n·is |is m, termin·us |¿ m
furnish a home (an apartment) domum
frost pru¿n·a |ae f (diaetam) supellectile ¿nstru·« |ere
¿nstrux¿ ¿nstructus
frosty pru¿n«s·us |a |um
furniture supell·ex |ectilis f; piece of
frozen rig·¡ns |entis; (food) gel§t·us |a furniture supellectilis par·s |tis f
|um
future fut»r·a |«rum npl, temp·us |oris
fruit p«m·a |«rum npl n fut»rum; for the future in
posterum; in the future posth§c
fruit juice s»c·us |¿ m p«m§rius
G
fruit tree arb·or |oris f p«mifera
gale procell·a |ae f
frustrate fr»str·or |§r¿ |§tus sum
gallon gall·on |«nis m
frustration fr»str§ti·« |«nis f

fry fr¿g·« |ere fr¿x¿ fr¿ctus

frying pan sart§g·« |inis f

320 Conversational Latin

gallop curs·us |»s m cit§tus gather tr cog·« |ere co¡g¿ co§ctus ¶ intr
congreg·or |§r¿ |§tus sum, conven¿re
gallop intr quadruped§re
gearshift iuncti·« |«nis f v¡l«cit§tum
gamble tr gamble away in ale§ per·d«
|dere |did¿ |ditus ¶ intr ale§ l»dere gee! hercle! or edepol!

gambler l»s·or |«ris m, ale§·tor |t«ris m, geez! eu edepol! or eu hercle!
ale§tr·¿x |¿cis f
gender s gen·us |eris n
game (play) l»d·us |¿ m, l»s·us |»s m;
(prey) praed·a |ae f, v¡n§ti·« |«nis f; general dux, ducis m, imper§t·or |«ris m
play a game l»sum l»dere
general: in general fer¡, vulg«
game show spect§cul·um |¿ n l»s«rium
generally pl¡rumque
gang man·us |»s f, grex, gregis m
general store pantop«li·um |¿ n
gangster, gang member praed·« |«nis
m greg§lis generosity l¿ber§lit·§s |§tis f

garage autoc¿n¡t¿ (autoc¿n¡t«rum) generous benefic·us |a |um, l¿ber§l·is
recept§cul·um |¿ n; (repair garage) |is |e
offic¿n·a |ae f repar§t«ria
genitals genit§l·ia |ium npl; (female)
garbage in, garbage out (comput) ex muli¡br·ia |ium npl
quisquili¿s fiunt quisquiliae
genitive s genit¿v·us |¿ m, c§s·us |»s m
garden hort·us |¿ m r»sticus; vegetable genit¿vus
garden hortus (h)olit«rius
gentle cl¡m·¡ns |entis, m¿t·is |is |e
garden hose tubul·us |¿ m horticus
geography ge«graphi·a |ae f
gardener hortul§n·us |¿ m (·a |ae f)
German adj Germ§nic·us |a |um
garlic §li·um |¿ n, alli·um |¿ n
German s Germ§n·us |¿ m, Germ§n·a
garrison praesidi·um |¿ n |ae f

garter periscelis, periscelidis f Germany Germ§ni·a |ae f

gas benz¿n·um |¿ n, gasi·um |¿ n; get gerund s gerundi·um |¿ n
gas benz¿num compar§re; step on
the gas ped§le benz¿n§rium d¡prim·« gerundive s gerund¿v·um |¿ n
|ere d¡press¿; step on the gas! (fig)
mat»r§ (pl: mat»r§te) get tr (to acquire) nanc¿sc·or |¿ nanctus
sum; (to receive) accipere; (by
gas pedal ped§l·e |is n benz¿n§rium asking) impetr§re; (by purchase)
par§re, compar§re; (understand)
gas pump antli·a |ae f benz¿n§ria ten·e« |¡re |u¿; get back repet·« |ere
|¿v¿ |¿tus; recip·i« |ere rec¡p¿
gas station stati·« |«nis f benz¿n§ria receptus; get out (bring forth)
pr«m·« |ere |ps¿ |ptus; get (the
gas stove focul·us |¿ m gaseus business) over and done with
(neg«tium) absolv·« |ere |¿ absol»tus;
gas tank immiss§ri·um |¿ n benz¿n§rium I can’t get him to talk n«n que«
«r§re ut loqu§tur; now get this nunc
gate port·a |ae f; (at airport) adit·us |»s cogn«sce rem ¶ intr (become) fi«
m fier¿ factus sum; get along with

General Vocabulary 321

concorditer congru·« |ere |u¿ cum (+ is the gist of my advice haec
abl); get along well with each other praecept¿ me¿ summa est
(or one another) concorditer inter s¡
congruere; I get along well with give tr d« dare ded¿ datus; (as a gift)
them bene mihi convenit cum ill¿s; d«n§re; give it here! cedo (pl: cette)!
get away (escape) effug·i« |ere [an old imperative; can take a direct
eff»g¿ eff»git»rus; get anywhere object]; give it to ’em! adhib¡! (pl:
(accomplish s.th.) aliquid c«nsequ·or adhibite!); give the plural form of
|¿ c«nsec»tus sum; get carried away gaudium d§ (or d¿c) fig»ram
by or with efferor efferr¿ ¡l§tus sum pl»r§lem “gaudium” n«minis
(+ abl); get even with s.o. for
ulc¿sc·or |¿ ultus sum aliquem quod glad laet·us |a |um; be glad laet·or |§r¿
(+ indic); get off (a bus, plane, ship, |§tus sum; I am glad to hear that
train) ¡gredior ¡gred¿ ¡gressus sum libenter audi« (w. acc + inf)
d¡ (+ abl); get on (a bus, plane, ship,
train) ¿nscend·« |ere |¿ in (+ acc); gladly libenter
get out of my way! d¡ vi§ me§
d¡c¡de (pl: d¡c¡dite)!; get over glass (for drinking) p«cul·um |¿ n
(grief, anger, etc.) super§re; get rid vitreum; hyal·us |¿ m; glasses
of: I want to get rid of that pest (eyeglasses) perspicill·a |«rum npl;
istum molestum §mol¿r¿ vol«; get wear glasses perspicill¿s »t·or |¿ »sus
somewhere aliquid c«nsequ·or |¿ sum; wine glass hyalus v¿n§rius
c«nsec»tus sum; get to (a place)
perven·i« |¿re perv¡n¿ perventum ad glider anemoplan·um |¿ n, v¡lvol·um |¿
or in (+ acc); get up (rise) surg·« n
|ere surr¡x¿; (said of several)
c«nsurgere glisten nit·e« |¡re |u¿

ghost umbr·a |ae f; give up the ghost gloat over exsult§re (+ abl)
animam ¡bull·i« |¿re
globe glob·us |¿ m terr§rum
Gibraltar Calp·¡ |¡s f; strait of
Gibraltar G§d¿t§num fr¡t·um |¿ n gloom maestiti·a |ae f

gift d«n·um |¿ n, m»n·us |eris n, gloomy maest·us |a |um
m»nuscul·um |¿ n; natural gift d«s,
d«tis m (n§t»rae) glove digit§bul·um |¿ n

gifted ingenios·us |a |um glue gl»t·en |inis n

gills branchi·ae |§rum fpl glue gl»tin§re; glue together
congl»tin§re
gin v¿n·um |¿ n i»niperum
glued: I’m glued to my books in libr¿s
gingerbread l¿b·um |¿ n mell¿tum haer·e« |¡re haes¿

giraffe cam¡lopardal·is |is f glum maest·us |a |um, trist·is |is |e;
why so glum? quid t» es tam tristis?
girdle stropp·¿ |«rum mpl
glutton hellu·« |«nis m; be a glutton
girlfriend am¿cul·a |ae f hellu·or |§r¿

gist: the gist of what he said was this: gluttonous ed·§x |§cis
… hanc in sententiam d¿xit: …; this
gluttony ed§cit·§s |§tis f

gnat cul·ex |icis m

322 Conversational Latin

go e« ¿re ¿v¿ or i¿ itum, s¡ agere; go and goldfish hippur·us |¿ m
see whether he has come home or
not ab¿, v¿se redieritne an n«ndum goldmine aur¿fod¿n·a |ae f
domum; go around (of a rumor)
pervag§r¿; go by (to pass) praeter·e« golf pilamalle·us |¿ m; play golf
|¿re |¿v¿; (the rules) serv§re; go down pilamalle« l»dere (see Chapter V)
(fever) conqui¡scit |ere conqui¡vit;
(swelling) s¡ summittit |ere summ¿sit; golf club cl§v·a |ae f; (driver) cl§va
(prices) lax§r¿; (sun) occidere; (ship) agit§t«ria; (iron) cl§va ferrea
merg·or |¿ mersus sum; go for (fetch
a person) add»c·« |ere add»x¿ golf course pilamalle¿ camp·us |¿ m
adductus; (fetch a thing) adfer«
adferre attul¿; at what price do these golfer pilamalle¿ l»s·or |«ris m, l»str·¿x
items go for? quibus preti¿s hae |¿cis f
merc¡s v¡neunt?; I don’t go for
(don’t like) n¿l mor·or |§r¿ |§tus sum golf green §re·a |ae f viridis
(+ acc); I don’t go in for sports
l»d¿s [dat] n«n stud·e« |¡re |u¿; go golf hole scrobicul·us |¿ m
into a matter rem ine« in¿re ini¿ or
in¿v¿; go on pr«c¡d·« |ere pr«cess¿; golf tee gr»mul·us |¿ m
go on! perge (pl: pergite) porr«!; go
to bed dorm¿tum (or cubitum) goner: geez, I’m a goner peri¿ hercle;
[supine] e« ¿re i¿ or ¿v¿ itum; go to hercle, nullus (-a) sum
see v¿s·« |ere |¿; go to the aid of
succurr·« |ere |¿ (+ dat); go on: good adj (also morally) bon·us |a |um;
what’s going on? quid neg«t¿ est? or (esp. moral) prob·us |a |um; (advice)
quid agitur?; what’s going on here? r¡ct·us |a |um; (weather) ser¡n·us |a
quid re¿ h¿c est?; go well: things are |um; be good for pr«sum pr«desse
going fairly well agitur satis; please, pr«fu¿ pr«fut»rus (+ dat); good for
let me go! mitte m¡ s¿s! you! (said in praise) macte virt»te
est«!; good, good! euge, euge!; good
goal port·a |ae f; score a goal (in job! bene (or r¡ct¡) factum!; good
soccer) follem in portam pede Lord! O d¿ bon¿!; good luck to you!
puls§re tibi f¡l¿citer!; good thinking! bene
put§s!; how long is that good for?
goal keeper port§ri·us |¿ m, port§ri·a quam di» val¡bit?; you’re a good
|ae f fellow fr»g¿ [indecl] es; very good!
(when agreeing with s.o.) optim¡
goal line calx, calcis f, cr¡t·a |ae f v¡r«!

goal post p§l·us |¿ m portae good s: do s.o. good alicui pr«sum
pr«desse pr«fu¿ pr«fut»rus
goat cap·er |r¿ m, capr·a |ae f; goats
bleat capr¿ b§lant good and proper pl§n¡ et prob¡

God bless you! tibi d¿ bene faciant; (to goodbye val¡ (pl: val¡te); bene val¡ (pl:
s.o. sneezing) salv¡! or sal»tem! bene val¡te); goodbye and good
luck bene val¡ et bene tibi sit
going: good going! bene factum!
good-for-nothing adj n¡quam [indecl]
gold, golden aure·us |a |um
good-for-nothing s: be a good-for-
nothing nihil hominis esse

good-hearted benevol·¡ns |entis,
benevol·us |a |um

General Vocabulary 323

good-natured facil·is |is |e grandmother avi·a |ae f

goodness (integrity, good behavior) grand piano cl§v¿cordi·um |¿ n §lif«rme
bonit·§s |§tis f
grandson nep·«s |«tis m
goodwill benevolenti·a |ae f
granted est«; granted, he himself is
goose ans·er |eris m; geese cackle nothing est«, ipse nihil est
anser¡s gingriunt (see bird)
grape »v·a |ae f; a bunch of grapes »va
gossip intr garr·i« |¿re
grapevine v¿t·is |is f
gossip s (talk) r»m·or |«ris m (esp. pl.);
(person) f§miger§·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x grasshopper grill·us |¿ m; grasshoppers
|tr¿cis f) chirp grill¿ fritinniunt

govern (a province) praesid·e« |¡re grateful: I am deeply grateful to you
praes¡d¿ (+ acc or dat); govern the tibi gr§tiam habe« maximam
country rem p»blicam gubern§re
gratis gr§t¿s
government regim·en |inis n; r¡s f
p»blica (gen: re¿ p»blicae) [also grave adj grav·is |is |e
written as one word]
grave s sepulcr·um |¿ n
governor praes·es |idis mf, gubern§·tor
|t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f); (of a minor gravy i»s, i»ris n
Roman province) pr«c»r§t·or |«ris m
gravy bowl vascul·um |¿ n i»ris
gown t§l§ris vest·is |is f; (Roman) stol·a
|ae f grease ung·« (ungu«) ungere »nx¿
»nctus
grade s grad·us |»s m, class·is |is f;
(mark or letter for performance) grease job »ncti·« |«nis f autoc¿n¡t¿
not·a |ae f
great magn·us |a |um; that’s great!
grade tr (papers) not§re; (evaluate bene hercle factum!
student’s work) aestim§re
great! Eu!; papae! (expression of
graduate intr dipl«ma adip¿sc·or |¿ surprise and delight)
adeptus sum, grad»s suscip·i« |ere
susc¡p¿ greater m§i·or |or |us

graduate s gradu§t·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) greatest maxim·us |a |um

graft ambit·us |»s m great-grandfather proav·us |¿ m

grain fr»ment·um |¿ n; (a grain) great-grandmother proavi·a |ae f
gr§n·um |¿ n; with a grain of salt great-grandson pronep·«s |«tis m
cum gr§n« salis great-uncle (mother’s side) avuncul·us

grammar s grammatic·a |ae f, ar·s |tis f |¿ m m§ior; (father’s side) patru·us |¿
grammatica; (book) ars, artis f m m§ior

grandchild nep·«s |«tis m, nept·is |is f Greece Graeci·a |ae f

granddaughter nept·is |is f greed av§riti·a |ae f

grandfather av·us |¿ m greedy av§rus |a |um; greedy for av§rus
(+ gen)

Greek adj Graec·us |a |um

324 Conversational Latin

Greek s Graec·us |¿ m (·a |ae f); know guidance counselor c«nsili§t·or |«ris m
(speak, write) Greek Graec¡ sc¿re acad¡micus, c«nsili§tr·¿x |¿cis f
(loqu¿, scr¿bere) acad¡mica

green virid·is |is |e; (unripe) cr»d·us |a guide s dux, ducis mf
|um
guide tr d»c·« |ere d»x¿ ductus
green pepper piper¿t·is |idis f
guidebook lib·er |r¿ m peri¡g¡ticus
gregarious (sociable) congreg§bil·is |is
|e guilty re·us |a |um, s«n·s |tis; be found
guilty noxius d¿i»dic§r¿; be guilty in
grief maer·or |«ris m; feel grief culp§ esse; guilty of noxi·us |a |um
condol¡sc·« |ere condolu¿ (+ abl or gen); punish the guilty
poenam d¡ sontibus exig·« |ere ex¡g¿
grill s cr§ticul·a |ae f ex§ctus; the guilty one s«n·s |tis mf

grill tr super cr§ticulam ass§re guitar cithar·a |ae f Hisp§nica

groan s gemit·us |»s m gulf sin·us |»s m

groan intr gem·« |ere |u¿ |itum gullible cr¡dul·us |a |um

grocer macell§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) gum (of the mouth) ging¿v·a |ae f;
(chewing gum) cumm·is |is f
groceries obs«ni·a |«rum npl, (or) mastic§bilis
obs«ni·um |¿ n
gun sclop¡t·um |¿ n; fire a gun
grocery store macell·um |¿ n, tabern·a sclop¡t§re
|ae f aliment§ria
gym gymnasi·um |¿ n (see Chapter V)
groin ingu·en |inis n
gym instructor exercit§t·or |«ris m,
ground beef bubul·a |ae f conc¿sa exercit§tr·¿x |¿cis f

ground floor pedepl§n·a |«rum npl gymnasium gymnasi·um |¿ n

grow intr grow old sen¡sc·« |ere senu¿; gymnastic gymnastic·us |a |um
grow up iuven¡sc·« |ere iuven¿
gym shoes calce·¿ |«rum mpl gymnic¿
growl (of a dog) ring·or |¿ rictus sum
H
grown-up adj adult·us |a |um
ha-ha-ha! hahahae!
grumble increp§re
habit c«nsuet»d·« |inis f
grumbling increp§ti·« |«nis f
hacker plagi§ri·us |¿ (or effr§ct§ri·us |¿)
grunt intr (of a pig, bear) grunn·i« |¿re m ¡lectronicus
|¿v¿ or |i¿ |¿tum
haddock gad·us |¿ m
grunt s (of a pig, bear) grunn¿t·us |»s m
hail impers v grandin·at |§re
guard s cust·«s |«dis mf
hail s grand·« |inis f
guard tr cust«d·i« |¿re |¿v¿ or |i¿ |¿tus
hailstorm grandin·¡s |um fpl
guest hosp·¡s |itis mf
hair (a single hair or hair collectively)
guest room hospiti·um |¿ n capill·us |¿ m; (hair in locks) cr¿n·is

General Vocabulary 325

|is m; com·a ae f; (long, flowing distribu·« |ere |¿ distrib»tus; hand
hair) caesari·¡s |¡¿ f; layer the hair out the papers chart§s distribuere
comam in grad»s frang·« |ere fr¡g¿
fr§ctus; long hair (left uncut) capill¿ handbag bulg·a |ae f; (of leather)
pr«miss¿; split hairs cavill§r¿ p¡rul·a |ae f cori§cea

hairbrush p¡nicul·us |¿ m com§t«rius hand brake suffl§m·en |inis n manu§le

haircut t«ns·us |»s m, t«ns»r·a |ae f; get handcuff tr manic§s inic·i« |ere ini¡c¿
a haircut facere ut capillus tonde§tur iniectus (+ dat)

hairdo c«mpt·us |»s m handcuffs spl manic·ae |§rum fpl

hairdresser «rn§tr·¿x |¿cis f, t«nstr·¿x handkerchief m»cinni·um |¿ n,
|¿cis f s»d§ri·um |¿ n

hair drier fav«ni·us |¿ m handle s man»bri·um |¿ n

hairpin ac·us |»s f com§t«ria handle tr tract§re

hair style c«mpt·us |»s m handlebars man»bri·um |¿ n

hale and hearty salv·us et valid·us |a hand luggage sarcinul·ae |§rum fpl
|um manu§l¡s

half-time (sports) d¿midium temp·us handsome pulch·er |ra |rum, speci«s·us
|oris n |a |um

hall (large room) oec·us |¿ m handwriting ch¿rograph·um |¿ n

hallway ambul§cr·um |¿ n hang: hang around with frequ¡ns
adesse »n§ cum (+ abl); hang down
halter capistr·um |¿ n d¡pend·e« |¡re |¿; hang out with
mor·or |§r¿ |§tus sum cum (+ abl);
ham pern·a |ae f; smoked ham perna you can just go and hang yourself!
f»m«sa ¿ d¿r¡cte in maximam malam cr»cem!

hamburger b»bul·a |ae f conc¿sa hangar recept§cul·um |¿ n §ëroplan¿

hammer malle·us |¿ m happen f¿« fier¿ factus sum, accid·« |ere
|¿; happen to conting·« |ere contig¿
ham sandwich pastill·um |¿ n pern§ (+ dat); I just happened to spot him
fartum forte eum c«nspex¿; what
happened? quid factum est?
hamstring popl·es |itis m
happiness be§tit»d·« |inis f
hand s man·us |»s f; (of a clock) ind·ex
|icis m; have one’s hands full happy be§t·us |a |um, laet·us |a |um
satag·« |ere sat¡g¿; hands off! aufer
man»s!; on the other hand contr§; harbor port·us |»s m
sit on one’s hands (doing nothing)
compress¿s manibus sed·e« |¡re s¡d¿ hard (to the touch) d»r·us |a |um;
(difficult) difficil·is |is |e (with abl of
hand tr hand in tr§·d« |dere |did¿ the supine); hard on inim¿c·us |a
|ditus; hand me that food porrige |um (+ dat), d»r·us |a |um in (+ acc);
mihi illum cibum; hand it over! cedo hard work op·us |eris n arduum;
(pl: cette)! [an old imperative; can hard to please difficil·is |is |e; he
take a direct object]; hand out was hard on me in m¡ d»rus erat;

326 Conversational Latin

it’s hard to do, but I’ll try just the d¡nunti§re; have it your way! est« ut
same difficile fact» est, sed con§bor lubet!; have to do: what do you
nihil« s¡tius; take this hard hoc have to do with her? quid re¿ tibi est
d»rum accipere, hoc aegr¡ fer« ferre cum ill§?; have to say: this I have to
tul¿ say haec habe« d¿cere.

hardback or hardcover book lib·er |r¿ hawk accipi·ter |tris m; hawks caw
m l¿n« cont¡ctus accipitr¡s cr«citant (see bird)

hard drive (comput) d»ra stati·« |«nis f hay f¡n·um |¿ n; make hay f¡num sec·«
|§re |u¿ |tus; make hay while the
hardware ferr§ment·a |«rum npl; sun shines! occ§si«nem amplectere!;
(comput) appar§t·us |»s m carpe diem!
comput§tr§lis
hayloft f¡n¿l·ia |ium npl
hardware store tabern·a |ae f ferr§ria
hazelnut avell§n·a |ae f
hard-working lab«ri«s·us |a |um
head s cap·ut |itis n; back of the head
harmonica harmonic·a |ae f ¿nfl§til·is occipiti·um |¿ n; be a head taller
than t«t« vertice supr§ (+ acc) esse;
harp harp·a |ae f; play the harp harp§ come into one’s head in buccam
l»dere ven¿re [lit: come into one’s cheek];
from head to foot § capite »sque ad
harp on the same theme cantil¡nam calcem; head of state r¡ct·or |«ris m
eandem can·« |ere cecin¿ c¿vit§tis; put heads together capita
c«nfer« c«nferre contul¿; top of the
harsh sev¡r·us |a |um; harsh toward head vert·ex |icis m
d»r·us |a |um in (+ acc)
head tr (a committee, etc.) prae·sum
harshness d»riti·a |ae f |esse |fu¿ (+ dat) ¶ intr head east ad
orientem tend·« |ere tetend¿; head
harvest s (reaping) mess·is |is f; (the for pet·« |ere |¿v¿ |¿tus
crops themselves) pr«vent·us |»s m
head-first prae·ceps |cipitis
harvest tr met·« |ere messu¿ messus
heading titul·us |¿ m
hat petas·us |¿ m (with broad brim)
headlight (autoc¿n¡t¿) lumin§r·e |is n;
hate s odi·um |¿ n turn on (turn off) the bright (dim)
lights l»min§ria praecandentia
hate tr «d¿ «disse (defect v) (candentia) accend·« |ere |¿
(exstingu·« |ere exst¿nx¿)
hateful «di«s·us |a |um
headmaster scholae r¡ct·or |«ris m
hatred (of, toward) odi·um |¿ n (in +
acc) headmistress scholae r¡ctr·¿x |¿cis f

haughty ¡l§t·us |a |um, superb·us |a headquarters (mil) praet«ri·um |¿ n; (of
|um a business) s¡d·¡s |is f

haul off to prison rap·i« |ere |u¿ |tus in headway: make headway pr«fic·i« |ere
carcerem pr«f¡c¿; make no headway nihil
pr«ficere; we are making some
have (possess) hab·e« |¡re |u¿ |itus; headway, I hope ut sp¡r«,
(e.g., dinner) s»m·« |ere |ps¿ |ptus;
(a sickness) lab«r§re (+ abl); have a
tough time of it vald¡ lab«r§re; have
it in for s.o. alicui per¿culum

General Vocabulary 327

pr«ficimus aliquantum take to one’s heels s¡ conicere in
ped¡s
heal tr s§n§re ¶ intr s§n¡sc·« |ere
heifer iuvenc·us |¿ m (·a |ae f)
health (good or bad) val¡t»d·« |inis f;
bad health adversa (or mala, gravis, height: to be of average height stat»r§
¿nfirma) val¡t»d«; bad health prope i»st§ esse
suddenly hit me mala val¡t»d« m¡
repent¡ inv§sit; for reasons of bad helicopter helicopter·um |¿ n; be taken
health val¡t»dinis caus§; good by helicopter to per helicopterum
health bona (or firma, commoda, tr§ns·vehor |veh¿ |vectus sum; fly a
prospera) val¡t»d«; here’s to your helicopter helicopterum gubern§re;
health! tibi salutem prop¿n«!; bene fly in a helicopter helicopter« vehor
tibi!; in sound health valid·us |a veh¿ vectus sum
|um
hell: go to hell! ¿ (pl: ¿te) in malam
healthy s§n·us |a |um, salv·us |a |um crucem!; I’m going to catch hell
hab¡b« conv¿cium; where the hell
hear aud·i« |¿re |¿v¿ or -i¿ |¿tus; (to find are you? ubinam, malum, es?
out about) cogn«sc·« |ere cogn«v¿
cognitus hello! salv¡! (pl: salv¡te)!; salvus (-a)
s¿s! (pl: salv¿ (-ae) s¿tis)!; hello
hearing (sense) aud¿t·us |»s m; (legal) there! eho istic!; Terentia says hello
cogniti·« |«nis f; hold a hearing to you Terentia tibi sal»tem d¿cit
cogniti«nem hab¡re
helmet (of leather) gale·a |ae f; (of
heart cor, cordis n; from the heart ex metal) cass·is |idis f
anim«; heart and soul t«t« pectore;
my heart was in my throat anima help s auxili·um |¿ n
mihi in n§s« erat [lit: my breath was
in my nose]; take to heart cord¿ help tr iuv·« |§re i»v¿ i»tus, succurr·«
hab¡re |ere |¿ succursum (+ dat)

heartache c»r·a |ae f, cordoli·um |¿ n helpless in·ops |opis

heaven: for heaven’s sake obsecr« [lit: helplessness inopi·a |ae f
I pray]; heavens! edepol! heavens
above! O d¿ immort§l¡s!; heaven hem limb·us |¿ m
forbid! d¿ melius faxint!; I’m in
seventh heaven digit« caelum hem interj ehem!
atting«; in heaven’s name! per
fort»n§s! hen gall¿n·a |ae f (see bird)

heck: give s.o. heck aliquem verb¿s henpecked ux«rius
mal¿s obi»rg§re; heck no! minim¡
v¡r« hercle!; who the heck are herd (of cattle, swine) grex, gregis m;
they? qu¿, malum, ist¿ sunt? (of oxen and large animals)
arment·um |¿ n
heehaw intr rud·« |ere |¿v¿ |¿tum
here h¿c; here and now d¡praesenti§rum
heehaw s rud¿t·us |»s m [adv]; here I am! Ecce m¡! here
with it! cedo! (pl: cette!) (can take
heel cal·x |cis f; (of a shoe) fulment·um an accusative object, e.g.: Here with
|¿ n; (slang) nequam hom·« |inis mf; that book! cedo istum librum!)

heroin hero¿n·um |¿ n; use heroin
hero¿n« »tor »t¿ »sus sum

328 Conversational Latin

hey heus!; hey you, I’m talking to you! with them? concord§b§sne cum
heus t», tibi ego d¿c«! ill¿s?; hit s.o. for a loan fer¿re
aliquem m»tu« argent«
hi! salv¡ (pl: salv¡te)
hmmm interj hem
hide s cori·um |¿ n; be after s.o.’s hide
corium alic»ius pet·« |ere pet¿v¿; risk hoarse rauc·us |a |um
one’s own hide cori« su« l»dere;
save one’s own hide corium serv§re hockey l»d·us |¿ m hocc¡ius, als»legi·a
|ae f; field hockey l»dus hocc¡ius
high adj alt·us |a |um; (rank) ampl·us |a campestris; ice hockey l»dus
|um; (opinion, price) magn·us |a hocc¡ius glaci§lis; play hockey
|um; (fever) §rd·¡ns |entis; (note) hocc¡i« (or als»legi§) l»dere (see
ac»t·us |a |um ; (on alchohol, drugs) Chapter V)
ebri·us |a |um; be high on drugs §
medic§ment¿s psychotropic¿s hockey player als»leg§ri·us |¿ m (·a
inebri§re; high blood pressure |ae f)
hypert«ni·a |ae f
hockey puck disc·us |¿ m
high adv to aim high magn§s r¡s
appet·« |ere |¿v¿ hockey stick ped·um |¿ n, ferul·a |ae f
repanda
high jump salt·us |»s m in altum
hog s»s, suis mf; hogs oink s»¡s
highrise (building) multiz«ni·um |¿ n grunniunt

high school schol·a |ae f superior hogwash: that’s hogwash! quisquilia!

highway str§t·a |ae f autoc¿n¡tica hold tr ten·e« |¡re |u¿ |tus; (contain)
cap·i« |ere c¡p¿; (an office) ger·« |ere
hijack tr v¿ abd»cere gess¿ gestus; (a meeting) hab¡re;
hold it! (stop!) ast§!; hold it please!
hijacking abducti·« |«nis f §eria man¡ obsecr«!; hold s.o. in high
(highest) esteem aliquem magn¿
hike intr ambul§re (maxim¿) facere; hold up (detain)
d¡tin·e« |¡re |u¿, imped·i« |¿re |¿v¿
hike s ambul§ti·« |«nis f |¿tus; what held you up? quid t¡
imped¿vit? ¶ intr hold out d»r§re
hill coll·is |is m
hole in the wall (shabby lodgings)
hilly cl¿v«s·us |a |um stabul·um |¿ n

hip cox·a |ae f, coxend·ix |icis f holiday f¡ri·ae |§rum fpl; (from school)
di·¡s |¡¿ m f¡ri§tus; today is a
hippie antic«nformist·a |ae m (·ria holiday hodi¡ f¡ri§s agimus
|riae f)
holiness s§nctit·§s |§tis f
hippopotamus hippopotam·us |¿ m
holy s§nct·us |a |um
hiss intr s¿bil§re
home dom·us |»s f; (direction) domum;
hiss s s¿bil·us |¿ m at home dom¿; at your home dom¿
tuae, apud t¡; from home dom«; to
historian historic·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) my home ad m¡

history histori·a |ae f

hit s (in baseball) puls·us |»s m

hit tr (to strike) ¿c·« |ere |¿ ictus; (a
baseball) puls§re; did you hit it off

General Vocabulary 329

home appliance ¿nstr»ment·um |¿ n hope intr sp¡r§re; hope that sp¡r§re (+
domesticum ¡lectricum; home acc & inf)
appliances ¡lectrica dom»s »t¡nsil·ia
|ium npl hope s sp¡s, spe¿ f; give up hope
d¡sp¡r§re
home front: on the home front and on
the war front dom¿ et m¿litiae hopefully ut sp¡r« [as I hope]

homely ¿nspeci«s·us |a |um hopeless d¡sp¡r§t·us |a |um

home page (comput) p§gin·a |ae f hopper l§bell·um |¿ n intimum, sell·a
domestica |ae f famili§rica

home plate bas·is |is f summa (or horizontal bar ferr·um |¿ n tr§nsversum
domestica)
hormone horm«n·um |¿ n
home run circuit·us |»s m basium; hit a
home run circuitum basium facere horn b»cin·a |ae f; blow the horn
b»cin§ clang·« |ere
homesick: be homesick ex d¡s¿deri«
lab«r§re; I am homesick for m¡ hornet cr§br·« |«nis m
d¡s¿derium tenet (+ gen)
horrible horribil·is |is |e
homework p¡ns·um |¿ n domesticum;
(written) praescr¿pt·um |¿ n hors d’euveres pr«muls·is |idis f
domesticum
horse equ·us |¿ m
homicide homic¿di·um |¿ n
horsefly tab§n·us |¿ m; horseflies buzz
honest prob·us |a |um; (speaking the tab§n¿ bombilant
truth) v¡r·§x |§cis; honest to God
pr« deum fidem hose (for watering) tubul·us |¿ m;
rubber hose tubulus cummeus
honestly: tell me honestly d¿c bon§ fide
hospital val¡t»din§ri·um |¿ n
honey mel, mellis n; (terms of
endearment) melill·a |ae f, mel n, hostage obs·es |idis mf
melcul·um |¿ n
hostess hospit·a |ae f
honor hon«r§re
hot (of a person, sun, water, bath, day)
honorable honest·us |a |um calid·us |a |um (opp: fr¿gid·us |a
|um); (boiling hot) fervid·us |a |um;
honorably honest¡ (sultry) aestu«s·us |a |um; (spicey)
acer, acris, acre; be hot cal·e« |¡re
hood ploxen·um |¿ n |u¿; become hot cal¡sc·« |ere; be
uncomfortably hot aestu§re; hot
hoodlum grass§t·or |«ris m weather aest·us |»s m; it is hot
today hodi¡ cal¡tur
hoof ungul·a |ae f
hot dog hill·a |ae cal¡ns (gen: hillae
hooky: play hooky ¿nsci¿s parentibus § calentis) f
schol§ abesse
hot pants brevissimae br§·cae |§rum fpl
hoot intr (of owls) b»bul§re f¡min¿nae

hoot s I don’t give a hoot about him hot-tempered ¿r§cund·us |a |um
eum flocc¿ n«n faci«
hotel d¡vers«ri·um |¿ n; stay at a hotel
in d¡vers«ri« mor·or |§r¿ |§tus sum

330 Conversational Latin

hotel manager d¡vers«ri¿ d¿r¡c·tor |t«ris hum intr murmur§re; (of bees)
m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f) bombil§re

hotplate disc·us |¿ m coct«rius hum s murm·ur |uris m; (of bees)
bomb·us |¿ m
hound s.o. (coll) aliquem c«nsect·or |§r¿
|§tus sum human being hom·« |inis mf

hour h«r·a |ae f; a half hour s¡mih«r·a humane h»m§n·us |a |um
|ae f; an hour and a half
s¡squih«r·a |ae f; a quarter of an humid »mid·us |a |um
hour quadr·§ns |antis m h«rae; every
hour singul¿s h«r¿s; from hour to humor s f¡st¿vit·§s |§tis f
hour in h«r§s; three quarters of an
hour d«dr·§ns |antis m h«rae humor tr humor s.o. alicui m«rem ger«
gerere gess¿
hourly in h«r§s
humorous f¡st¿v·us |a |um
house dom·us |»s f, aed·¡s |ium fpl
humorously f¡st¿v¡
house arrest cust«di·a |ae f l¿bera
hump gibb·er |eris m
how (in what way) qu«modo, qu« pact«;
(chiefly after verbs of hearing, hunger fam·¡s |is f
telling, etc.) ut (+ subj); (to what
degree) quam; how are you? (how hung jury: be acquitted by a hung
are you doing?) quid agis? (pl: quid jury sententi¿s paribus absolv·or |¿
agitis?); ut val¡s? (pl: ut val¡tis?); absol»tus sum
how come? qu¿ fit? or qu¿ istuc?
how far quo»sque; how far is … hungry adj ¡suri·¡ns |entis
from quantum distat (or abest) … ab
(+ abl); how goes it? quid fit?; how hunt (also go hunting) v¡n·or |§r¿ |§tus
long quamdi», quo»sque; how long sum (see Chapter V)
ago? quam pr¿dem? or quam
d»dum?; how many quot [indecl]; hunting v¡n§t·us |»s m
how many times quoti¡ns, quoti¡s;
how much quant·us |a |um; how hunting dog can·is |is m v¡n§ticus
much did you sell it for? quant¿ hoc
v¡nit?; how much is this? quant¿ hoc hunting gear ¿nstr»ment·um |¿ n
c«nstat?; how much does it cost? id v¡n§t«rium
quant¿ c«nstat?; how often quoti¡ns;
how old are you? quot ann«s n§t·us hurray! euax!
(-a) es?; how so? quid ita?;
(whatever made you say that?) hurricane ing¡ns procell·a |ae f
qu¿dum?; how soon? quam mox?;
how’s that? (What did you say?) hurry intr proper§re; hurry up! m§t»r§!
qu¿dum? or quid iam? (pl: m§t»r§te!)

however autem hurry s: be in a hurry proper§re,
fest¿n§re; but I’m in a hurry at
hug complect·or |¿ complexus sum; hug proper«; what’s your hurry? quid
each other inter s¡ complect¿ fest¿n§s?

hurt tr noc·e« |¡re |u¿ (+ dat) ¶ intr
dol·e« |¡re |u¿; hurt a lot
vehementer dol¡re

husband mar¿t·us |¿ m

General Vocabulary 331

hygiene hygi¡n·¡ |¡s f; practice idiot fatu·us |¿ m (·a |ae f)
hygyiene hygi¡n¡n exerc·e« |¡re |u¿
|itus if s¿; if only utinam (+ subj)

hygienic hygi¡nic·us |a |um iffy (slang) dubi·us |a |um

hypertext adj hypertextu§l·is |is |e ignoramus nesapi·us |¿ m, nesapi·a |ae f

hypertext s hypertext·us |»s m ignorance ¿nscienti·a |ae f

hypocrite simul§t·or |«ris m, simul§tr·¿x ignorant ¿nsc¿t·us |a |um; (unlearned)
|¿cis f indoct·us |a |um

hypocritical co§ct·us |a |um, simul§t·us ill (used of body and mind) ae·ger |gra
|a |um |rum; (used of body only) aegr«t·us
|a |um; be ill aegr«t§re; fall ill in
I morbum incid·« incidere incid¿

ice glaci·¡s |¡¿ f; turn to ice glaci§r¿ ill health (adversa) val¡t»d·« |inis f; for
reasons of ill health val¡t»dinis
ice cream gelidum cr¡m·um |¿ n caus§

ice hockey (see hockey) illiterate illitter§t·us |a |um

ice rink stadi·«n |¿ n glaciale ill-mannered male m«r§t·us |a |um

ice-skate intr patin§re illness morb·us |¿ m, (mala) val¡t»d·«
|inis f; serious illness gravis val¡t»d«
iceskate s patin·us |¿ m
illogical absurd·us |a |um
ice-skater patin§t·or |«ris m, patin§tr·¿x
|¿cis f ills mal·a |«rum npl

ice-skating patin§ti·« |«nis f (see imagine im§gin·or |§r¿ |§tus sum
Chapter V)
immature imm§t»r·us |a |um
icicle st¿ri·a |ae f
immaturity imm§t»rit·§s |§tis f
icon (comput) ¿c«n, ¿conis f
immediately statim, continu«, extempl«
icy glaci§l·is |is |e
immoderate immodic·us |a |um
idea c«nsili·um |¿ n, cogniti·« |«nis f;
you’re full of ideas pl¡nus (-a) immodest impud¿c·us |a |um
c«nsili¿ es
impartial aequ·us |a |um, incorrupt·us
ideal exempl·ar |§ris n |a |um et inte·ger |gra |grum

identical identic·us |a |um, ¿dem et p§r impatient: be impatient with in¿qu«
anim« fer« ferre tul¿ (+ acc)
identification identific§ti·« |«nis f
impatiently in¿qu« anim«
identify identific§re
imperative adj imper§t¿v·us |a |um;
identity identit·§s |§tis f imperative mood mod·us |¿ m
imper§t¿vus
idiom fig»r·a |ae f, propriet·§s |§tis f
linguae (Lat¿nae or Anglicae) imperfect tense s temp·us |oris n
praeteritum imperfectum
idiomatic expressions quae linguae
Lat¿nae (or Anglicae) propria sunt imperial imperi§l·is |is |e

332 Conversational Latin

impersonal adj impers«n§l·is |is |e indeclinable ind¡cl¿n§bil·is |is |e

impetuous fervid·us |a |um indeed profect«, quidem, v¡r«

impolite inurb§n·us |a |um indefinite ¿nf¿n¿t·us |a |um (opp: f¿n¿tus)

importance: it is of the greatest impo- indicate tr signific§re
rtance to me that … permagn¿ me§
interest (+ acc & inf); indicative indic§t¿v·us |a |um; in the
indicative mood mod« indic§t¿v«
important magn·us |a |um; consider it
important id magn¿ aestim§re; it is indict s.o. aliquem re·um (-am) facere
(very) important to me (you) that
magn¿ (maxim¡) me§ (tu§) interest (+ indifference fr¿g·us |oris n
acc & inf); it’s not all that
important tant¿ n«n est indigestion cr»dit·§s |§tis f

impress commov·e« |¡re comm«v¿ indignant indign§bund·us |a |um
comm«tus
inept inept·us |a |um
impression: make a deep impression
on maxim¡ commov·e« |¡re inexpensive v¿l·is |is |e
comm«v¿ (+ acc)
inexperienced (in) inexpert·us |a |um
improper indec·¡ns |entis (ab + abl or in + acc or adversus +
acc)
improve tr ¡mend§re ¶ intr mel·ior |ior
|ius f¿« fier¿ factus sum; (in studies) infamous ¿nf§m·is |is |e
pr«fic·i« |ere pr«f¡c¿
infancy ¿nfanti·a |ae f
improvement pr«fect·us |»s m
infant ¿nf§ns, ¿nfantis mf
imprudent impr»d·¡ns |entis
infantry pedit§t·us |»s m
impulse anim¿ impet·us |»s m
infantryman ped·es |itis m
in prep in (+ abl); (in the writings of)
apud (+ acc); in all ex t«t« infatuated: be infatuated with s.o.
aliquem efflictim am§re
in adv (motion) intr«; (rest or motion)
intus; is your father in? estne pater infer: I infer from what you say that
intus? … ex verb¿s tu¿s collig« (+ acc &
inf)
inappropriate inept·us |a |um
infinitive s ¿nf¿n¿t¿v·um |¿ n
incisors dent¡s mpl pr¿m«r¡s
infirmary val¡t»din§ri·um |¿ n
include contin·e« |¡re |u¿
inflame ¿nflamm§re
incorrect viti«s·us |a |um
inflammation ¿nflamm§ti·« |«nis f
incorrectly viti«s¡
inflect tr d¡cl¿n§re
increase tr aug·e« |¡re aux¿ auctus ¶
intr cr¡sc·« |ere cr¡v¿ inflection s d¡cl¿n§ti·« |«nis f

incredible incr¡dibil·is |is |e influence gr§ti·a |ae f; have a lot of
(more, little, no) influence on
indecent indec·¡ns |entis multum (plus, paulum, nihil) posse
apud (+ acc)
indecisive ambigu·us |a |um
influential gr§ti«s·us |a |um

General Vocabulary 333

inform: inform s.o. about aliquem instead of pr« (+ abl)
certi«rem facere d¡ (+ abl)
instruct ¿nstitu·« |ere |¿ ¿nstit»tus;
informant ind·ex |icis mf instruct s.o. in s.th. ¿nstruere
aliquem aliqu«
information indici·um |¿ n
instruction (teaching) ¿nstit»ti·« |«nis f;
ingenious artifici«s·us |a |um instructions praecept·a |«rum npl;
(orders to do something) mand§t·a
initiative: on my own initiative me§ |«rum npl
sponte
instructor praecept·or |«ris m,
injustice ini»stiti·a |ae f praeceptr·¿x |¿cis f

ink §tr§ment·um |¿ n insurance cauti·« |«nis f, ass¡c»r§ti·«
|«nis f; car insurance ass¡c»r§ti«
inland adj interi·or |or |us; inland seas vehicul§ria; casualty insurance
mar·ia |ium npl interi«ra ass¡c»r§ti« indemnit§tis; health
insurance ass¡c»r§ti« val¡tudin§ria;
inland adv intus; towns inland from insurance company societ·§s |§tis f
Tarentum oppida per continentem § v¿tae cauti«n¿ exercendae; life
Tarent« insurance pr« v¿t§ cauti«, v¿tae
ass¡c»r§ti«
in-law aff¿n·is |is mf
integrity integrit·§s |§tis f
inn caup«n·a |ae f
intellect intellect·us |»s m
inning (of baseball) miss·us |»s m
intelligence intellegenti·a |ae f
innkeeper caup·« |«nis m
intelligent intelleg·¡ns |entis
innocence innocenti·a |ae f
intend d¡stin§re; in anim« esse (+ dat of
innocent (of) innoc·¡ns |entis (+ gen) the subject); I intended to set out
straight for home erat mihi in anim«
innumerable innumer·us |a |um r¡ct§ profic¿sc¿ domum

input (comput) (dat«rum) init·us |»s m; intense (emotions) grand·is |is |e
input and output (dat«rum) initus
exitusque intensive pronoun s pr«n«m·en |inis n
intenti«nis (ut “ipse” himself)
inquisitive c»ri«s·us |a |um
intentions: with the best intentions
insane ¿ns§n·us |a |um optim« anim« »t¡ns

insanity ¿ns§nit·§s |§tis f interchange coniuncti·« |«nis f vi§rum

insect ¿nsect·um |¿ n interest s interest (in) studi·um |¿ n (+
gen); (fin) faen·us |oris n, »s»r·a |ae
insensitive d»r·us |a |um f; compound interest anatocism·us
|¿ m; have an interest in painting
insensitivity d»riti·a |ae f studium pinguend¿ hab¡re; increase
(lower) interest »s»ram aug·e« |¡re
inside: go inside! ¿ (pl: ¿te) intus! aux¿ (minu·« |ere |¿); lend money at
interest pec»niam faenor¿ dare; rate
insincere ¿nsinc¡r·us |a |um

install (comput) ¿nstru·« |ere ¿nstrux¿
¿nstructus

installment p¡nsi·« |«nis f; pay in five
installments qu¿nque p¡nsi«nibus
solv·« |ere |¿ sol»tus

334 Conversational Latin

of interest »s»r·ae |§rum fpl; 3 interviewer interrog§·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x
percent (4 percent, 5 percent, 6 |tr¿cis f)
percent, 12 percent) interest per
annum quadrant¡s (trient¡s, intestines intest¿n·a |«rum npl
qu¿nc»nc¡s, s¡miss¡s cent¡simae)
»s»rae; pay interest on »s»ram intransitive adj intr§nsit¿v·us |a |um
pend·o |ere pepend¿ (+ dat); simple
interest perpetuum faen·us; take an introduce (e.g., a custom) introd»cere;
interest in something studi« alic»ius (a person) (to) tr§d·« |ere |id¿ |itus
ten¡r¿ (+ dat)

interest tr ten·e« |¡re |u¿; sports don’t introductory intr«duct«ri·us |a |um
interest me l»d¿ m¡ n«n tenent
invade inv§d·« |ere inv§s¿ inv§sus in (+
interested: children are interested in acc), cum exercit» ingred·ior |¿
games l¿ber¿ l»d¿s tenentur; I am ingressus sum
interested in music m»sicae [dat]
stude«; I am interested in that id invest colloc§re
mihi c»rae est; I am not the least bit
interested in the races circ¡nsibus investigate invest¿g§re
n¡ levissim¡ quidem teneor
investigator invest¿g§·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x
interesting (in appearance) speci«s·us |tr¿cis f)
|a |um; that book is interesting ille
liber m¡ tenet investment pec»niae colloc§ti·« |«nis f

interfere in s¡ interp«n·« |ere interposu¿ invite inv¿t§re; (esp. to dinner) voc§re
(+ dat)
involve implic§re; be involved in
interior adj interi·or |or |us vers·or |§r¿ |§tus sum in (+ abl)

interior s: in the interior in Ireland Hiberni·a |ae f
mediterr§ne«, intus; toward the
interior intus Irish adj Hibernic·us |a |um

interjection s interiecti·« |«nis f (ut iron tr prem·« |ere press¿ pressus,
“heus t»!” hey you!) (ferr«) l¡vig§re

international law i»s, i»ris n gentium irregular adj inaequ§l·is |is |e; an
irregular verb inaequ§le verbum (ut
internet adj interr¡ti§l·is |is |e “vol«,” I want)

internet s interr¡t·e |is n irregularly adv inaequ§liter; “duo” is
irregularly declined “duo”
interrogate interrog§re inaequ§liter d¡cl¿n§tur

interrupt interpell§re; don’t interrupt irresponsible inoffici«s·us |a |um
me! n«l¿ (pl: n«l¿te) m¡ interpell§re!
(or mihi obloqu¿!) irritable ¿r§cund·us |a |um

intersection compit·um |¿ n, irritate exasper§re
quadrivi·um |¿ n
is est; is that so? itane est?
interview colloqui·um |¿ n
interrog§t«rium island ¿nsul·a |ae f

isthmus isthm·us |¿ m (f)

it id, eius

Italy Itali·a |ae f

General Vocabulary 335

itch intr pr»r·i« |¿re; (fig) gest·i« |¿re; jog tol»tim cursit§re
I’m just itching to gesti« quidem (+
inf) joint articul·us |¿ m

item of merchandise merx, mercis f joke intr ioc·or |§r¿ |§tus sum; all
joking aside ioc« rem«t«; now
its eius you’re joking ioc§ris nunc t»

J joke s ioc·us |¿ m; as a joke per iocum

jacket iacc·a |ae f; (of leather) iacc·a jokingly per iocum or inter iocum
|ae f scortea
jot down annot§re, d¡not§re
jail carc·er |eris m
journal comment§ri·¿ |«rum mpl
jailer cust«di§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) periodic¿

jam bacc§rum cond¿t»r·a |ae f; be in a journalism diurn§ria ar·s |tis f
jam in angusti¿s vers·or |§r¿ |§tus
sum journalist diurn§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f)

January m¡ns·is |is m I§nu§rius; in joy gaudi·um |¿ n; feel joy gaud·e« |¡re
January m¡nse I§nu§ri« g§v¿sus sum

jaw mal·ae |§rum fpl joystick (comput) vectul·us |¿ m

jawbone maxill·a |ae f judge i»d·ex |icis m; sit as judge (hold
court) i»s d¿cere
jealous invid·us |a |um; be jealous of
invid·e« |¡re inv¿d¿ (+ dat) judgment i»dici·»m |¿ n; against my
better judgment adversum ingenium
jealousy invidi·a |ae f meum; in my judgment me« i»dici«

jeans br§c·ae |§rum fpl Genu¡ns¡s judicial i»dici§l·is |is |e; judicial
system rati·« |«nis f i»dici§lis
jello sorbill·um |¿ n concr¡tum
judo luct·a |ae f i»d«ica
jelly cil·on (also quil·on) |¿ n
juice succ·us |¿ m
jerk (slang) larv·a |ae f
July m¡ns·is |is m I»lius; in July m¡nse
jet plane §ëroplan·um |¿ n I»li«
pyrauloc¿n¡ticum
jump sal·i« |¿re |u¿ or |i¿; jump down
jewel gemm·a |ae f d¡sil¿re; jump for joy exsult§re;
jump rope ad f»nem sal¿re
jeweler aurif·ex |icis m
June m¡ns·is |is m I»nius; in June
jewelry store gemm§ri·a |ae f m¡nse I»ni«

jitters scr»pul·us |¿ m; give s.o. the junior iuni·or |«ris m
jitters alicui scr»pulum inic·i« |ere
ini¡c¿ junk scr»t·a |«rum npl

job (piece of work) op·us |eris n; (as a juror i»d·ex |icis m
means of livelihood) quaest·us |»s m;
good job! r¡ct¡ factum!; it’s a big jury c«nsili·um |¿ n; i»dic·¡s |um mpl
job but … magnum opus est sed
tamen … just adj i»st·us |a |um

just adv modo; just about (pretty well,
virtually) propemodum; just a

336 Conversational Latin

moment ago modo; just as cum kid tr l»dere, l»dific§re, ioc·or |§r¿ |§tus
maxim¡: just as I was writing that sum; don’t kid me n¡ m¡ l»d§s;
cum haec maxim¡ scr¿berem; just you’re kidding! l»dis m¡!
before (an event) sub (+ acc); just in
time tempor¿; just now modo; just kidney r¡n, r¡nis m
then tunc maxime; just the other
day modo; just the same (anyhow) kidney bean phas¡l·us |¿ m(f)
tamen or nihil« s¡tius; just when
cum maxim¡; just what? quidnam?; kill occ¿d·« |ere |¿ occ¿sus, nec§re; kill
just who? quisnam? time tempus fall·« |ere fefell¿;
you’re killing me! m¡ ¡nic§s!
justice i»stiti·a |ae f
kilometer ch¿liometr·um |¿ n
justly i»st¡
kind adj (to, toward) benevol·us |a |um
jut out see project (erg§ + acc)

K kind s (type) gen·us |eris n; what kind
of person is … ? qu§lis hom« est
kangaroo halmat»r·us |¿ m …?

karate luct·a |ae f car§tica kindergarten paedotroph¡·um |¿ n

keen-scented sag§cissim·us |a |um kind-hearted benevol·us |a |um,
benign·us |a |um
keep (retain) ten·e« |¡re |u¿ |tus;
(confine) contin·e« |¡re |u¿ kindness benevolentia |ae f; (kind deed)
contentus; am I keeping you? num benefici·um |¿ n; show kindness to
d¡tine« t¡?; keep a stiff upper lip! s.o. benevolentiam alicui praest·«
fac ut anim« fort¿ s¿s!; keep this to |§re praestit¿
yourself haec t» t¡cum hab¡t«; keep
your cool! comp¡sce mentem!; keep kiss s «scul·um |¿ n, su§vi·um |¿ n;
one’s eyes on ocul«s intent§re in (+ (passionate) b§si·um |¿ n
acc); what kept you? quid tenuit
qu« minus ven¿r¡s? kiss tr «scul§r¿, su§vi§r¿, su§vium dare
(+ dat), b§si§re
ketchup ketsup·um |¿ n
kitchen cul¿n·a |ae f
key cl§v·is |is m; (of a typewriter or
computer) pl¡ctr·um |¿ n, malleol·us kitchen knife cul·ter |tr¿ m coqu¿n§ris
|¿ m; (on the keyboard) malleol·us |¿
m; hit the key malleolum puls§re; kitchen utensils ¿nstr»ment·a |«rum npl
room key cl§v·is |is f concl§vis coquin§t«ria

keyboard (of a typewriter or computer) knapsack saccip¡ri·um |¿ n dorsu§le
pl¡ctrologi·um |¿ n, «rd·« |inis m
pl¡ctr«rum; (of a piano or organ) knee gen·» |»s n
cl§viat»r·a |ae f
kneecap patell·a |ae f
kick tr (a ball) pede puls§re; kick the
bucket animam ¡bull·i« |¿re |i¿ knife cult·er |r¿ m; (small knife)
cultell·us |¿ m
kid s (coll) frust·um |¿ n puer¿ or puellae
knock down d¡ic·i« |ere d¡i¡c¿ d¡iectus;
(in boxing) stern·« |ere str§v¿ str§tus;
knock out c«nsternere, pr«flig§re

knock it off! parce! (pl: parcite!)

General Vocabulary 337

know sci« sc¿re sc¿v¿ sc¿tus; (to be ship) in terram ¡gredior |¿ ¡gressus
familiar with a person or place) sum; (of a plane) deorsum appellere;
n«v·¿ |isse (defective verb); get to (of a bird) (on) ¿ns¿d·« |ere ¿ns¡d¿ (+
know n«sc·« |ere n«v¿ n«tus; he dat)
thinks he knows better than I do
c¡nset s¡ pl»s sapere quam m¡; I’m land s terr·a |ae f; (a piece of land)
dying to know how you are doing ag·er |r¿ m
quid ag§s, vald¡ ave« sc¿re; know for
sure certum (or cert«) sc¿re; know landing (of a plane) appuls·us |»s m;
how to sc¿re (+ inf); let me know (on stairs) sc§l§ri·um |¿ n
what you are doing m¡ velim
certi«rem faci§s, quid ag§s; let me landscape regi«nis form·a |ae f
know where you are facit« ut sciam
ubi s¿s; not know nesc·i« |¿re language lingu·a |ae f, serm·« |«nis m;
the Latin language lingua Lat¿na,
knowledge scienti·a |ae f; (acquisition serm« Lat¿nus
of knowledge) cogniti·« |«nis f;
without the knowledge of clam (+ language lab offic¿n·a |ae f loqu¡l§ris
abl); without your knowledge clam
v«b¿s lap gremi·um |¿ n

known n«t·us |a |um; make known laptop (comput) comput§trul·um |¿ n
palam facere; well known port§bile
n«tissim·us |a |um
lark alaud·a |ae f (see bird)
knuckle articul·us |¿ m digit¿
last adj ultim·us |a |um; (in line)
knucklehead b§r·« |«nis m novissim·us |a |um; (immediately
preceding) proxim·us |a |um; (adj
L used where English uses an adv)
novissim·us |a |um, e.g., Cicero
label pittaci·um |¿ n spoke last Cicer« novissimus loc»tus
est; at last d¡mum; last night her¿
laborer oper§ri·us |¿ m, oper§ri·a |ae f vesper¿, proxim§ nocte; the night
before last superi«re nocte
lacrosse l»d·us |¿ m lacrossensis; play
lacrosse l»d« lacross¡ns¿ l»dere last intr d»r§re, perd»r§re

lacrosse stick (or crosse) croci·a |ae f; late adj s¡r·us |a |um
cradle the stick crociam agit§re
late adv s¡r«; all too late imm« iam
ladle tr»ll·a |ae f s¡r«; too late s¡rius; very late
s¡rissim¡
lagoon st§gn·um |¿ n
lately n»per
lake lac·us |»s m
later poste§; a little later poste§
lamb agn·us |¿ m, agn·a |ae f; (as food) aliquant«; postpone till later dif·fer«
agn¿n·a |ae f; lambs bleat agn¿ |ferre distul¿ d¿l§tus in aliud tempus
b§lant
latest: at latest summum; perhaps
lamp lucern·a |ae f tomorrow, at latest the day after
that fortasse cr§s, summum perendi¡
land intr (of a ship) (ad terram) appell·«
|ere appul¿; (of a passenger on a Latin (to know, read, teach, speak,
understand, write) Lat¿n¡; are you
learning Latin? discisne Lat¿n¡?;

338 Conversational Latin

did you forget Latin? esne obl¿tus lawyer i»risper¿t·us |¿ m (·a |ae f);
(|a) L§t¿n¡?; do you know Latin? defense lawyer advoc§t·us |¿ m (·a
n«st¿ne Lat¿n¡?; do you know how |ae f); trial lawyer causidic·us |¿ m
to speak Latin? sc¿sne Lat¿n¡ loqu¿?; (·a |ae f)
do you read Latin easily? legisne
Lat¿n¡ facile?; do you speak Latin lay (to place) p«n·« |ere posu¿ positus;
(fluently)? loquerisne Lat¿n¡ (bricks) stru·« |ere |x¿ |ctus; (eggs)
(pr«fluenter)?; do you teach Latin? par·i« |ere peper¿; lay a finger on
doc¡sne Lat¿n¡?; do you understand s.o. aliquem »n« digit« atting·« |ere
Latin? intellegisne Lat¿n¡?; first- attig¿; lay it on the line d¿r¡ctum
year Latin pr¿mus Lat¿nit§tis ann·us loquor, loqu¿ loc»tus sum; lay off!
|¿ m; since when have you been d¡sine (pl: d¡sinite) tandem!
learning Latin? ex qu« tempore
Lat¿n¡ didicist¿?; where did you layer the hair comam in grad»s frang·«
study Latin? ubi Lat¿ne studuist¿?; |ere fr¡g¿ fr§ctus
who is able to write Latin? quis
Lat¿ne scr¿bere potest? layover commor§ti·« |«nis f

Latin teacher Lat¿nit§tis magistr·a |ae f laziness ign§vi·a |ae f
or magist·er |r¿ m
lazy ign§v·us |a |um, pi·ger |gra |grum
Latium Lati·um |¿ n (district in which
Rome lies) lead d»c·« |ere d»x¿ ductus; all roads
lead to Rome omn¡s viae R«mam
laugh r¿d·e« |¡re r¿s¿; I laughed till I d»cunt
cried r¿s¿ »sque ad lacrim§s; laugh at
r¿d¡re leader pr¿nc·eps |ipis m

laundry full«nic·a |ae f, offic¿n·a |ae f lead pencil stil·us |¿ m plumb§tus,
lav§t«ria; (dirty clothes) lavand§ri·a graphi·um |¿ n
|«rum npl
learn disc·« |ere didic¿; learn by heart
lavender lavandul§ce·us |a |um ¡discere; learn thoroughly
perdiscere
law l¡x, l¡gis f; (divine law) fas n
(indecl); (denoting the entire body of learned doct·us |a |um, ¡rud¿t·us |a |um
law) i»s, i»ris n; against the law
contr§ i»s; (against a specific law) learner disc·¡ns |entis mf
contr§ l¡gem; by law l¡ge; break the
law l¡gem viol§re; in accordance leash s cingul·um |¿ n
with the law l¡ge
leash tr (a dog) (canem) cingul« allig§re
lawfully l¡gitim¡
least minim¡; at least utique, saltem
lawn pr§tul·um |¿ n; mow the lawn
pr§tulum resec§re leather adj ex cori«; (for
weatherproofing) scorte·us |a |um;
lawnmower herbisectr·um |¿ n leather raincoat scorte·a paenul·a
|ae f
lawsuit l¿·s |tis f; bring (or file) a
lawsuit against s.o. l¿tem alicui leather s cori·um |¿ n
intend·« |ere |¿
leave (depart) disc¡d·« |ere discess¿
discess»rus; (office) ab·e« |¿re |i¿ (+
abl); leave it up to s.o. to … alicui
mand§re ut (+ subj); leave me alone!
omitte (pl: omittite) m¡!; leave no

General Vocabulary 339

stone unturned null« loc« d¡sum me go! mitte (pl: mittite) m¡!; let me
d¡esse d¡fu¿ know fac (pl: facite) ut sciam; let me
see licet (ut) videam; let s.o. down
leave of absence comme§t·us |»s m alicui d¡sum d¡esse d¡fu¿, d¡fici·«
|ere d¡f¡c¿ (+ dat); let’s go e§mus;
lecherous lib¿din«s·us |a |um let up (of rain, snow) d¡tum¡scit |ere

lectern l¡ct«ri·um |¿ n letter s epistul·a |ae f, litter·ae |§rum
fpl; (of the alphabet) litter·a |ae f;
lecture §cro§s·is |is f; (explicating an letters form syllables litterae faciunt
author) prael¡cti·« |«nis f; give a syllab§s
lecture §cro§sin facere, serm«nem
hab¡re letter opener ¡nsicul·us |¿ m epistul§ris

lecture hall aud¿t«ri·um |¿ n lettuce lact»c·a |ae f

left sinist·er |ra |rum, laev·us |a |um; on leukemia leukaemi·a |ae f
the left § sinistr§; (to the) left
sinistr«rsum level s (instrument) l¿br·a |ae f (aqu§ria);
be on a level with s.o. par esse alicu¿
leftovers (from a meal) reliqui·ae |§rum
fpl lever vect·is |is m

leg cr»s, cr»ris n librarian biblioth¡c§ri·us m (·a |ae f)

legal l¡gitim·us |a |um, secundum l¡gem library biblioth¡c·a |ae f
or l¡g¡s
license (to drive) dipl«m·a |atis n
legally l¡gitim¡, l¡ge or l¡gibus gubern§ti«nis

legislation l¡gisl§ti·« |«nis f license plate not§cul·um |¿ n autoc¿n¡t¿

legislator l¡gisl§t·or |«ris m (in Roman lie intr (be lying down) iac·e« |¡re |u¿;
government, a proposer of a bill) (in bed) cub·« |§re |u¿; (be situated)
sit·us |a |um esse; (tell a lie)
leisure time «ti·um |¿ n, temp·us |oris n ment·ior |¿r¿ ment¿tus sum; lie down
vacuum (to rest) d¡cumb·« |ere d¡cubu¿; lie
in the direction of verg·« |ere ad (+
lemon citre·um |¿ n acc)

lemonade l¿mon§t·a |ae f lie s fals·um |¿ n, mend§ci·um |¿ n; tell a
lie mend§cium d¿cere
length longit»d·« |inis f; in length in
longit»dinem lieutenant locumten·¡ns |entis mf

lengthen tr pr«d»c·« |ere pr«d»x¿ life v¿t·a |ae f; but such is life sed v¿ta
pr«ductus (opp: corripere) fert; it’s not a question of life or
death n«n capitis r¡s agitur; lead the
lengthwise per longit»dinem life of Riley v¿tam Chiam ger·« |ere
gess¿; on my life! ita v¿vam!
lens l¡ns, lentis f optica
life imprisonment: give s.o. life
lentil l¡n·s |tis f imprisonment aliquem damn§re
carcer¿ quoad v¿vat
leopard pard·us |¿ m
lift weights libr§menta toll·« |ere sustul¿
lesson l¡cti·« |«nis f, praecept·um |¿ n subl§tus

let permitt·« |ere perm¿s¿ permissus; let
fall d¡mitt·« |ere d¡m¿s¿ d¡missus;
let fly ¡mitt·« |ere ¡m¿s¿ ¡missus; let

340 Conversational Latin

ligament lig§m·en |inis n linen adj l¿ne·us |a |um; linen cloth
saban·um |¿ n
light adj make light of in lev¿ hab¡re
linen s linteum |¿ n, l¿n·um |¿ n
light s l»m·en |inis (¡lectricum) n; turn
on (off) the light l»men accend·« linesman (sports) i»d·ex |icis m
|ere |¿ acc¡nsus (exped·i« |¿re |¿v¿) l¿ne§rius

light bulb globul·us |¿ m ¡lectricus link s (comput) c«nex·us |»s m

lighter ignit§bul·um |¿ n link tr (comput) c«nect·« |ere c«nexu¿
c«nexus
lightning intr it is lightning fulget
fulg¡re fulsit, fulgur§re linker (comput) c«nectr·um |¿ n

lightning s fulm·en |inis n; be struck linking (comput) c«nexi·« |«nis f
by lightning fulmine (or ¡ cael«)
¿cor ¿c¿ ictus sum lion le·« |«nis m, leaen·a |ae f; lions
roar le«n¡s r»giunt
lightning bug musc·a |ae f ignifera
lip labr·um |¿ n; lower lip labrum
like adj simil·is |is |e (+ gen or, more ¿nferius; upper lip labrum superius;
rarely, dat); he said something like keep a stiff upper lip fac, ut anim«
this haec fer¡ d¿xit; that’s more like fort¿ s¿s
it propemodum est
list numer·us |¿ m; (e-mail list) grex,
like tr (care for) c»r§re; I’d like to gregis m (interr¡ti§lis)
velim (+ inf); I’d like you to come
velim (ut) veni§s; I like s.th. (best) list owner (comput) gregis moder§·tor
aliquid mihi (potissimum) placet; I |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f)
like summer aest§s mihi placet; I
like the city urbs m¡ d¡lectat; I like listless d¡s·es |idis
this hoc mihi placet; I like to do this
m¡ iuvat hoc facere; I like to watch liter l¿tr·a |ae f
the races libenter circ¡ns¡s spect«;
stay if you like man¡ s¿ tib¿ plac¡bit literal adj propri·us |a |um (opp:
tr§nsl§t¿vus)
likely v¡r¿simil·is |is |e; it is more
likely that … v¡r¿similius est (acc + literally adv propri¡, ad verbum (opp:
inf); most likely she will come fig»r§t¡)
proximum est ut veniat (or
v¡r¿simillim¡ est eam vent»ram esse) litter lect¿c·a |ae f

line l¿ne·a |ae f; (of prose or poetry) little adv paulum; a little paululum; a
vers·us |»s m; draw a line with a little bigger paul« amplior
ruler l¿neam per r¡gulam d»cere;
drop me a line when you have time little adj parv·us |a |um; for a little
scr¿be aliquid litter§rum quand« while paulisper; little brother
vac§s; form a long line longum fr§tercul·us |¿ m; little sister
agmen facere; in a straight line per sororcul·a |ae f
d¿r¡ctum, r¡ct§; he’s feeding you a
line verba tibi iste dat; lay it on the live (be alive) v¿v·« |ere v¿x¿ v¿ctum;
line d¿r¡ctum loquor loqu¿ loc»tus (reside) habit§re; live it up
sum pergraec·or |§r¿; live near, (in the
case of a river) live on the banks of
accol·« |ere |u¿ accultum; live on
(e.g., a venison) vesc·or |¿ (+ abl);

General Vocabulary 341

you’re living on borrowed time d¡ lonely s«l·us |a |um
lucr« v¿vis (pl: v¿vitis)
long adj long·us |a |um, pr«duct·us |a
live adj v¿v·us |a |um |um (opp: brevis, correptus); a vowel
is long by nature or by position
liveliness alacrit·§s |§tis f voc§lis est longa n§t»r§ aut positi«ne;
fifteen miles long qu¿ndecim m¿lia
lively ala·cer |cris |cre passuum (often written: p.) in
longit»dinem or qu¿ndecim m¿lia
liver iec·ur |oris n passuum in longit»dinem pat¡ns

livestock pec·us |oris n long adv di»; (for a) long time now
iamd»dum; how long quam di»; how
living s make a living quaestum facere much longer quamdi» etiam; it
or v¿ctum quaerit§re would take too long to … longum
erat (+ inf); long ago pr¿dem; long
living room sess«ri·um |¿ n, synoeci·um after (before) mult« post (ante);
|¿ n longer di»tius; too long di»tius,
nimium di»
lizard lacert·us |¿ m, lacert·a |ae f
long-distance number numer·us |¿ m
loaded (with money) c«pi«s·us |a |um; longinquus
(drunk) madid·us |a |um
long for d¡s¿der§re
loaf intr cess§re
longing (for) d¡s¿deri·um |¿ n (+ gen)
loaf of bread p§n·is |is m
long jump (sports) salt·us |»s m in
loan argent·um ¿ n m»tuum; may I hit longum
you for a loan? licetne t¡ m»tu«
fer¿re? long-sleeved manic§t·us |a |um

lobster astac·us |¿ m long-winded long·us |a |um

local number numer·us |¿ m loc§lis look aspic·i« |ere aspex¿ aspectus;
(appear, seem) videor vid¡r¿ v¿sus
local train tr§m·en |inis n comm»ne sum; it looks that way to me ita
mihi vid¡tur; look! ecce!; look after
located sit·us |a |um c»r§re; look around circumspicere;
look at ¿nspic·i« |ere ¿nspex¿
locket capsell·a |ae f; wear a locket ¿nspectus; look down on (despise)
around the neck capsellam d¡ d¡spect§re; look for qaer·« |ere
cerv¿ce ger·« |ere gess¿ gestus; (worn quaes¿v¿ quaes¿tus: aha, the very
by boys, of leather, silver or gold) person I was looking for! attat,
bull·a |ae f; wearing a locket quem quaer¡bam!; look forward to
bull§t·us |a |um exspect§re; look here, you! eho t»!;
look into ¿nspicere; (examine)
lock up occl»·d« |dere |s¿ |sus; (in perscr»t§r¿; look like vid·eor |¡r¿
prison) in carcerem comping·« |ere v¿sus sum similis (+ dat or gen); I
comp¡g¿ comp§ctus don’t know what he (or she) looks
like qu§ sit faci¡, nesci«; look out of
locust l«cust·a |ae f; locusts chirp the window ex fenestr§ pr«spicere;
l«custae str¿dent

log in intr (comput) in·e« |¿re |¿v¿ or |i¿

log out intr (comput) ex·e« |¿re |iv¿ or
|i¿

loneliness s«lit»d·« |inis f

342 Conversational Latin

look over (someone) contempl§re; (a low intr (of cattle) m»g·i« |¿re |¿v¿ or |i¿
book, essay) perleg·« |ere perl¡g¿;
look someone in the eye aliquem low adj I am low on (e.g., paper)
r¡ct¿s ocul¿s intu·eor |¡r¿ intuitus (charta) mihi d¡est; in a low voice
sum; look up (a reference) inqu¿r·« summiss§ v«ce; run low d¡fic·i« |ere
|ere inqu¿s¿v¿ inqu¿s¿tus in (+ acc); d¡f¡c¿
look up at suspicere; look up to (out
of respect) suspicere low-born ign«bil·is |is |e

look-out: keep a careful look-out lower jaw mand¿bul·a |ae f
omnia circumspect§re
loyal fid¡l·is |is |e, f¿d·us |a |um;
look-out man ind·ex |icis m remain loyal in fid¡ man·e« |¡re
m§ns¿
loose (not tight) lax·us |a |um; (morally)
dissol»t·us |a |um loyalty fid¡lit·§s |§tis f

loose-leaf folder coll¡ct«ri·um |¿ n lube job, lubrication »ncti·« |«nis f
autoc¿n¡t¿
loose-leaf tablet c«dicill·us ¿ m
chart§rum luck fort»n·a |ae f; good luck! f¡l¿citer!

lop-sided inaequ§l·is |is |e luckily f¡l¿citer

lose (mostly unintentionally) §mitt·« |ere lucky f¡l·¿x |¿cis, fort»n§t·us |a |um
§m¿s¿ §missus; (mostly blamably)
per·d« |dere |did¿ |ditus luggage v§s·a |«rum npl; sarcin·ae
|§rum fpl; piece of luggage sarcin·a
loud adj magn·us |a |um, cl§r·us |a |um |ae f; (small) sarcinul·a |ae f

loud adv magn§ voce, cl§r¡ luggage rack retin§cul·um |¿ n sarcin§le

loudmouth cl§m§t·or |«ris m, cl§m§tr·¿x luggage tag pittaci·um |¿ n sarcin§le
|¿cis f
lump s t»bercul·um |¿ n
loudspeaker megaph«n·um |¿ n
lump tr lump s.o. together with
louse p¡dicul·us |¿ m aliquem acc»d·« |ere (+ dat)

lousy foed·us |a |um; (weather) spurc·us lunch prandi·um |¿ n; eat lunch
|a |um; feel lousy s¡ male hab¡re prand·e« |¡re prand¿; have lunch
prandium s»m·« |ere s»mps¿ s»mptus
lovable am§bil·is |is |e
lung pulm·« |«nis m
love s am·or |«ris m (followed by erga or
in + acc, or by gen, if the object is lust cupidit·§s |§tis f; (sexual desire)
not a person); fall in love at first lib¿d·« |inis f
sight »n« aspect» in am«rem incid·«
|ere |¿ lying falsiloqu·us |a |um

love tr am§re lyre lyr·a |ae f

lover am§t·or |«ris m, am§tr·¿x |¿cis f M

love seat biselli·um |¿ n (t«ment« macaroni past·a |ae f tubul§ta
fartum)
machine m§chin·a |ae f
loving am·§ns |antis
machinery m§chin§le ¿nstr»ment·um
|¿ n

General Vocabulary 343

machinist m§chin§t·or |«ris m make the mouth water ad sal¿vam
facere; make up (a story) excogit§re;
mackerel scomb·er |r¿ m make up with s.o. in gr§tiam cum
aliqu« red·e« |¿re |i¿
mad (insane) ¿ns§n·us |a |um; (angry)
¿r§t·us |a |um; be mad about (be malaria mal§ri·a |ae f
madly in love with) d¡per·i« |¿re |i¿
(+ acc); go mad mente ali¡n§r¿; I’m mall for·um |¿ n subt¡gul§neum
mad at you tibi susc¡nse« or ego tibi
¿r§tus sum man vir, vir¿ m

madam domin·a |ae f manage c»r§re; (e.g., a bank) moder·or
|§r¿ |§tus sum; (esp. on a large scale)
magazine comment§ri·¿ |«rum mpl administr§re; if you can manage it s¿
periodic¿ im§gine¿ id c«nficere poteris

magic s magica ar·s |tis f; practice manager moder§t·or |«ris m,
magic magic§s art¡s exerc·e« |¡re |u¿ moder§tr·¿x |¿cis f

magic, magical adj magic·us |a |um; do mane i»b·a |ae f
magic tricks praest¿gi·or |§r¿
manuscript manuscr¿pt·um |¿ n
magician mag·us |¿ m, mag·a |ae f
many mult·¿ |ae |a
magistracy magistr§t·us |»s m
map chart·a |ae f geographica; map of
magistrate magistr§t·us |»s m the world orb·is |is m terr§rum
p¿ctus
magnetic magn¡tic·us |a |um
march intr iter facere
maid ancill·a |ae f, famul·a |ae f
March s m¡ns·is |is m M§rtius; in
mail s epistul·ae |§rum fpl, r¡s (r¡rum) March m¡nse M§rti«
fpl cursu§l¡s; (postal system) curs·us
|»s m p»blicus; (comput) litter·ae margarine margar¿n·um |¿ n
|§rum fpl ¡lectronicae, epistul·a |ae f
¡lectronica; deliver mail r¡s marijuana cannab·is |is f; smoke
cursu§l¡s red·d« |dere |did¿ |ditus; marijuana f»mum cannabis s»g·«
forward mail r¡s cursu§l¡s d¡fer« |ere s»x¿
d¡ferre d¡tul¿ d¡l§tus; stack of mail
multiiugae litterae fpl marine m¿l·es |itis m classicus; the
marines classi§ri·¿ |«rum mpl
mail tr d« dare ded¿ datus; I mailed the
letter yesterday litter§s her¿ ded¿ mark tr (draw or make a mark on
anything) not§re; (set down mentally)
mailbox capsul·a |ae f tabell§ria d¡sign§re; mark my words animum
intende (pl: intendite) in dicta mea
mailman tabell§ri·us |¿ m
mason fa·ber |br¿ m lapid§rius
mainland contin·¡ns |entis f
mast m§l·us |¿ m
main road vi·a |ae f pr¿ncip§lis
master’s degree grad·us |»s m
major in operam pr¿m§riam (cuidam magistr§lis
discipl¿nae) dare
match r§ment·um |¿ n flammiferum;
make believe that adsimul§re quasi (+ (sports) cert§m·en |inis n
subj), simul§re (+ acc w. inf); make
fun of l»dific§re, ¡l»d·« |ere ¡l»s¿; mathematics mathematic·a |ae f

344 Conversational Latin

matter intr it doesn’t matter to me means: by all means! maxim¡!, immo!;
nihil ad m¡ pertinet; what does that by fair means r¡ct¡; by means of
matter to me (you, us)? quid id me§ render by abl or per (+ acc); by no
(tu§, n«b¿s) r¡fert? means haudqu§quam

matter s r¡s, re¿ f; for that matter ade«; meanwhile interim
no matter how… quamv¿s (+ subj);
what on earth’s the matter? measles morbili·i |«rum mpl
quidnam est?; what’s the matter
with you? quid est t¡cum? or quid measure intr pat·e« |¡re |u¿, collig·«
istuc est re¿? |ere coll¡g¿; measuring ten miles in
circumference pat¡ns (or collig¡ns)
mattress culcit·a |ae f; air mattress decem m¿lia passuum circuit»
culcita ¿nfl§tilis
meat car·« |nis f
May m¡ns·is |is m M§ius; in May
m¡nse M§i« meatball globul·us |¿ m carneus

may: I (you, etc.) may mihi (tibi, etc.) meat grinder m§chin·a |ae f carn§rium
licet; may I leave? licetne mihi
ab¿re? or licetne mihi (ut) abeam? meat tray fercul·um |¿ carn§ri·um m
(Note: in short phrases the ut is often
omitted) mechanic mechanicus opif·ex |icis m

maybe fortasse medal nomism·a |atis n; gold (silver,
bronze) medal nomisma aureum
mayonnaise liqu§m·en |inis n (argenteum, aereum)
Mag«nicum
medical practice medic¿n·a |ae f
mayor praefect·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) urb¿
medication medic§ment·um |¿ n
meadow pr§t·um |¿ n
medicine medic¿n·a |ae f, medic§m·en
meal cib·us |¿ m |inis n; practice medicine
medic¿nam exerc·e« |¡re |u¿
mean tr signific§re; (intend) vol« velle
volu¿; do you know whom I mean? Mediterranean Sea internum mar·e |is
sc¿sne quem d¿cam?; do you mean n, Tuscum mare, Tyrrh¡num mare
me? m¡ne v¿s? yes, you t¡; do you
really mean it? aisne v¡r«? Yes, I meet tr & intr con·veni« |ven¿re |v¡n¿
do ai«; how do you mean that? qu¿ |ventus
istuc v¿s?; now you know what I
mean sc¿s iam quid loquar; what meeting congress·us |»s m
does this mean? quid hoc sibi vult?;
what do you mean? quid tibi v¿s?; megaphone megaph«n·um |¿ n
what do you mean by that? quid
istuc est verb¿?; what I mean is (in melt tr dissol·v« |vere |v¿ |»tus ¶ intr
correcting a misunderstanding) at liqu¡sc·« |ere
enim
member (of the body) membr·um |¿ n;
meaning s signific§ti·« |«nis f; basic (of an organization) sod§l·is |is mf
meaning pr¿nceps signific§ti«
memorize ¡disc·« |ere ¡didic¿

memory memori·a |ae f; commit to
memory memoriae mand§re; have a
good memory bon§ memori§ esse; if
my memory serves me right s¿ ego

General Vocabulary 345

satis commemin¿; in memory of in microwave oven furn·us |¿ m und§rum
memoriam (+ gen) brevium

mend (clothes) sarc·i« |¿re sars¿ sartus middle class «rd·« |inis m medius; (in
Rome) equit·¡s |um mpl
mention s menti·« |«nis f; since
mention has been made of money middle school schol·a |ae f media
quoniam numm«rum menti« facta est
midget n§n·us |¿ m, n§n·a |ae f
mention tr I don’t want to mention
him by name eum n«l« n«min§re; midnight media no·x, |ctis f; around
not to mention ut n«n (or nihil) midnight medi§ circiter nocte; at
d¿cam d¡ (+ abl); not to mention the midnight (d¡) medi§ nocte; before
fact that … ut mittam quod (+ indic) midnight ante mediam noctem

menu cib«rum ind·ex |icis m, cib«rum midwife obstetr·¿x |¿cis f
tabell·a |ae f; (comput) iuss«rum
tabell·a |ae f migraine h¡micr§ni·a |ae f; have a
migraine headache dol·e« |¡re |u¿
merchandise v¡n§lici·a |«rum npl, ab h¡micr§ni§
merc·¡s |ium fpl
mild cl¡m·¡ns |entis, m¿t·is |is |e
merchant merc§t·or |«ris m; (in a
market) macell§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) mile mille pass·»s |uum mpl; two miles
duo m¿lia npl passuum
mermaid nymph·a |ae f mar¿na
military m¿lit§r·is |is |e; military age
merrily hilar¡, f¡st¿v¡ aet·§s |§tis f m¿lit§ris; military
service m¿liti·a |ae f; enter military
merry hilar·is |is |e, hilar·us |a |um; service m¿litiam in¿re; perform
Merry Christmas! Faustum ac military service m¿lit§re; the
F¡l¿cem Chr¿st¿ N§t§lem (tibi military m¿liti·a |ae f
exopt«)! Fausta F¡sta N§t§licia
Chr¿st¿ (tibi exopt«)! milk s lac lactis n

merry-go-round circumvect§bul·um |¿ milk tr mul·ge« |g¡re |s¿ |sus or |ctus
n
mince: without mincing words sine
mess (dirt) squ§l·or |«ris m; (confusion) f»c« ac fall§ci¿s
turb·a |ae f; geez, what a mess! eu
edepol r¡s turbulent§s!; make a mess mind tr (look after) c»r§re, tu·eor |¡r¿
of it turb§s conci·e« |¡re conc¿v¿ tuitus sum; (regard) respic·i« |ere
conc¿tus respex¿ respectus; (object to) aegr¡
(or molest¡) fer« ferre tul¿ l§tus; I
message n»nti·us |¿ m don’t mind if you stay n«n lab«r« s¿
man¡s; if you don’t mind s¿ tibi
metal metall·um |¿ n molestum n«n est; s¿ tibi vid¡tur;
mind my words auscult§ (pl:
meter (unit of measure, verse) metr·um auscult§te) dict¿s me¿s!; mind one’s
|¿ n own business neg«tium suum ag«
agere ¡g¿; never mind! sine! (pl:
meticulous acc»r§t·us |a |um sinite!); never mind what he says
mitte (pl: mittite) quod d¿cit
microphone microph«n·um |¿ n

microscope microscopi·um |¿ n

346 Conversational Latin

mind s m¡n·s |tis f, anim·us |¿ m; be in misbehave s¡ male (or indec«r¡) ger·«
one’s right mind apud s¡ esse; |ere gess¿
change one’s mind sententiam
m»t§re; come to mind in mentem miserable mis·er |era |erum
ven¿re; enter my mind mihi in
mentem ven¿re; have in mind to in misery miseri·a |ae f
anim« hab¡re (+ inf); he’s out of his
mind ali¡n§tus est § s¡; I made up misquote ali¿s verb¿s p«n·« |ere posu¿
my mind to leave constitu¿ hinc positus
ab¿re or certum est mihi hinc ab¿re; I
was out of my mind when … miss (feel the want of) d¡s¿der§re; (pass
d¡sipi¡bam mentis cum … ; it by without noticing) praeter·mitt«
slipped my mind to write to you |mittere |m¿s¿; miss the mark
f»git m¡ ad t¡ scr¿bere; of sound d¡stin§t« aberr§re
mind comp·os |otis mentis; set your
mind at ease hab¡ animum l¡nem et missile miss¿l·e |is n
tranquillum; what’s on your mind?
quid tibi in anim« est? mist nebul·a |ae f

mine s metall·um |¿ n, fod¿n·a |ae f; mistake err·or |«ris m, err§t·um |¿ n;
coal mine fod¿n·a |ae f carb«n§ria; (esp. in writing) mend·um |¿ n; by
gold mine aurifod¿n·a |ae f; gold mistake impr»d¡ns, perperam; make
(lead, iron, copper, silver, tin) mine a mistake err§re; you’re making a
metallum aur¿ (plumb¿, ferr¿, cupr¿, big mistake err§s pervers¡ or
argent¿, plumb¿ alb¿); mine shaft vehementer err§s
fod¿nae pute·us |¿ m
mistaken (idea) fals·us |a |um; unless I
mine tr effod·i« |ere eff«d¿ eff«ssus am mistaken nisi fallor

miner metall§ri·us |¿ m, f«ss·or |«ris m misty nebul«s·us |a |um

mineral water aqu·a |ae f miner§lis mixed salad comm¿xta ac¡t§ri·a |«rum
npl
miniskirt castul·a |ae f brevissima (or
d¡curt§ta) mixer m§chin·a |ae f m¿xt«ria

minister (eccl) minis·ter |tr¿ m (·tra mobile home domuncul·a |ae f
|trae f), p§st·or |«ris m subrot§ta; (trailer home)
habit§cul·um |¿ n remulc§tum
minute min»t·a, |ae f; any minute now
iam iamque; in a minute m«ment« model exempl·ar |§ris n; (of clothes)
temporis; the minute I saw you vestiment«rum m«nst§tr·¿x |¿cis f (or
extempl« ubi ego t¡ v¿d¿; this minute m«nstr§t·or |«ris m)
(right now) iam; (immediately)
§ct»tum; wait a minute man¡ dum modem (comput) tr§nsmodul§tr·um |¿ n

mirror specul·um |¿ n; look at oneself moderate (of persons) moder§t·us |a
in the mirror s¡ in specul« intu·eor |um; (of things) modic·us |a |um; of
|¡r¿; look into the mirror in moderate size modic·us |a |um
speculum ¿nspic·i« |ere ¿nspex¿
¿nspectus modest modest·us |a |um

modesty modesti·a |ae f

modify tr adicior adic¿ adiectus sum (+
dat); which noun does “bonus”
modify? cui n«min¿ “bonus”
adicitur?

General Vocabulary 347

modifying adj adiect·us |a |um (+ dat) read” modus subi»nct¿vus, ut “cum
legam”
molars dent¡s mpl mol§r¡s
moose alc·¡s |is f
mole talp·a |ae f
moped autobirotul·a |ae f
mom mamm·a |ae f
more adj pl»s, pl»ris n; pl»r·¡s |ium mf
moment moment·um |¿ n temporis; at pl; (denoting greater extent of space
any moment omnibus moment¿s; at or time; also number) amplius; more
the very moment ips« tempore; at (things) pl»r·a |ium npl; but more
the very same moment p»nct« of this another time sed d¡ h«c ali§s
temporis e«dem; for a moment pl»ribus; more money, strength,
paulisper; in a moment (i.e., power pl»s pec»niae, virium,
presently) statim; just a moment ago potentiae
modo
more adv magis; more or less magis
Monday di·¡s |¡¿ m L»nae minusve; more than magis quam;
more (less) than … years old m§ior
money argent·um |¿ n, pec»ni·a |ae f, (minor) … ann«s n§t·us |a |um
numm·¿ |«rum mpl; (of paper)
mon¡t·a |ae f chart§cea moreover praetere§

money belt ventr§l·e |is n; (of cloth) morning m§t»t¿n·um |¿ n, temp·us |oris
z«n·a |ae f n m§t»t¿num; early in the morning
bene m§ne, mult« m§ne; from
money order (numm§rium) mand§t·um morning till evening § m§ne »sque
|¿ n cursu§le ad vesperam; good morning! salv¡!;
in the morning m§ne; sleep all
monitor (comput) monit«ri·um |¿ n, morning t«tum m§ne dorm¿re; the
caps·a |ae f comput§tr§lis next morning m§ne postr¿di¡; this
morning hodi¡ m§ne
monkey s¿mi·us |¿ m, s¿mi·a |ae f; (as
term of abuse) you monkey! s¿mia!; mortar har¡n§t·um |¿ n
monkeys chatter s¿mi¿ str¿dent
mortgage s hypoth¡c·a |ae f; pay off a
monopoly monop«li·um |¿ n; play mortgage hypoth¡cam l¿ber§re; take
monopoly monop«li« l»dere out a mortgage hypoth¡cam oblig§re

monosyllable s monosyllab·a |ae f mortgage tr hypoth¡c§ oblig§re

month m¡ns·is |is m mosquito cul·ex |icis m

monument monument·um |¿ n most adj pler¿que, pleraeque, pleraque;
most people pler¿que or pler¿que
moo m»g·i« |¿re |¿v¿ or |i¿ homin¡s

mood affect·us |»s m anim¿, anim·us |¿ most adv (with verbs) maxim¡; (with
m; (gram) mod·us |¿ m; be in a good adjs and advs, expressed by the
mood bonum animum hab¡re; get superlative degree); (in the case of
over one’s mood animum super§re; an adj in |ius maxim¡ + positive)
imperative mood, e.g., “read!”
modus imper§t¿vus, ut “lege!”; mostly (for the most part, principally)
indicative mood, e.g., “I read” maximam partem; (generally)
modus indic§t¿vus, ut “leg«”; pl¡rumque
subjunctive mood, e.g., “although I

348 Conversational Latin

motel d¡vers«ri·um |¿ n vehicul§rium mouse (animal) m»s, m»ris m; (comput)
m»s, m»ris m, m»scul·us |¿ m; mice
moth blatt·a |ae f squeak m»r¡s mintriunt

mother m§·ter |tris f mouse clicker (comput) m»ris
puls§bul·um |¿ n
mother-in-law socr·us |»s f
mouth «s, «ris n; (of a river) «sti·um |¿
motherless m§tre orb·us |a |um n; I had better keep my mouth shut
taceam optimum est; shut your
motherly m§tern·us |a |um mouth! obser§ «s tuum!

motion m«t·us |»s m; (parl) sententi·a mouthful bucc·a |ae f
|ae f; approve a motion sententiam
comprob§re; make a motion move tr mov·e« |¡re m«v¿ m«tus ¶ intr
regarding refer« referre rettul¿ mov¡r¿, s¡ mov¡re; (to change
rel§tus d¡ (+ abl); on my motion m¡ residence) migr§re
referente; oppose a motion
sententiae [dat] obsist·« |ere obstit¿ movie taeniol·a |ae f c¿n¡matographica,
f§bul·a |ae f c¿n¡matographica; go to
motivate concit§re see (watch) a movie taeniolam
c¿n¡matographicam v¿s·« |ere |¿;
motivation (for) rati·« |«nis f (+ gen); show a movie taeniolam
incit§ment·um |¿ n; motivation to c¿n¡matographicam exhib·e« |¡re |u¿
study incit§mentum studiend¿ |itus (see Chapter V)

motive caus·a |ae f, rati·« |«nis f; what movie camera m§chinul·a |ae f
was his motive in coming? Cuius re¿ c¿n¡matographica
caus§ v¡nerat?; he had a strong
motive magna rati« e¿ erat movie projector pr«iect«ri·um |¿ n
c¿n¡matographicum
motor m«t«ri·um |¿ n, m«tr·um |¿ n
movie screen linte·um |¿ n l§t¡ extentum
motor boat scaph·a |ae f automat§ria
movie theater c¿n¡mat¡·um |¿ n; go the
motorcycle autobirot·a |ae f movie theater (or to the movies) in
c¿n¡mat¡um e« ¿re ¿v¿
motorcylist autobirot§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae
f) movies im§gin·¡s |um fpl movent¡s

motorist autoraed§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f), mow the lawn gr§men (or pr§tulum)
autoc¿n¡tist·¡s |ae mf resec« |§re |u¿ |tus

motor oil ole·um |¿ n m«t«ri¿ muffin scribl¿t·a |ae f

mountain m«n·s |tis m mug s (cup) pocul·um |¿ n

mountain chain mont·¡s |ium mpl mug tr mulc§re
perpetu¿
mugger percuss·or |«ris m
mountain climbing asc¡nsi·« |«nis f
montium (see Chapter V) muggy aestu«s·us |a |um

mountainous montu«s·us |a |um, mulberry m«r·um |¿ n
mont§n·us |a |um
mule m»l·us |¿ m, m»l·a |ae f; mules
mourn tr & intr l»g·e« |¡re l»x¿ l»ctus bray m»l¿ rudunt

mourning maer·or |«ris m; (outward mull over aestu§re in (+ abl)
expression of grief) l»ct·us |»s m

General Vocabulary 349

mumps par«t¿t·is |idis f mythological m£thologic·us |a |um

municipality m»nicipi·um |¿ n mythology m£thologi·a |ae f

murder s nex, necis f (passive in sense N
while caed¡s is active in sense); (by
hacking or striking) caed·¡s |is f, nag tr obiurgit§re
occ¿si·« |«nis f
nail clav·us |¿ m; (of a finger, toe)
murder tr (by wicked and cruel means) ungu·is |is m; cut the nails ungu¡s
nec§re; (violently and ruthlessly) resec·« |§re |u¿ |tus; drive in a nail
tr»c¿d§re; (by hacking or striking) cl§vum f¿g·« |ere f¿x¿ f¿xus; you hit
caed·« |ere cec¿d¿ caesus; murder a the nail on the head t» rem ac»
song canticum lacer§re tetigist¿

murderer nec§t·or |«ris m, homic¿d·a nail tr (to) cl§v« (or cl§v¿s) c«nf¿g·«
|ae mf; (of a father, mother, or near |ere c«nf¿x¿ c«nf¿ctus (+ dat of that to
relative) parric¿d·a |ae mf which); to nail (boards) together
(tabul§s) inter s¡ cl§v¿s c«nf¿gere
murderess nec§tr·¿x |¿cis f
name s n«m·en |inis n; Varr« by name
muscle m»scul·us |¿ m; pull a muscle n«mine Varr«
m»sculum distorqu·e« |¡re distors¿
distortus name tr n«min§re; (enumerate)
nuncup§re
muscle-bound m»scul¿s c«ntrict·us |a
|um nap brevis somn·us ¿ m; take a nap
brevem somnum capere
muscular m»scul«s·us |a |um
napkin mapp·a |ae f, mappul·a |ae f
museum m»s¡·um |¿ n
narcotic medic§ment·um |¿ n
mushroom fung·us |¿ m; (a choice kind) psychotropium
b«l¡t·us |¿ m
narrow angust·us |a |um, tenu·is |is |e
music m»sic·a |ae f
narrow-minded angust·us |a |um; be
musical m»sic·us |a |um; musical narrow-minded angust¿ anim¿ esse
instrument ¿nstr»ment·um |¿ n
m»sicum; musical note not·a |ae f narrow-mindedness angusti·ae |§rum
m»sic§lis fpl (pectoris)

musician m»sic·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) nasty (foul) foed·us |a |um; (mean)
turpis |is |e
must: I (you) must go mihi (tibi)
eundum est nation g¡n·s |tis f

mustache subi·um |¿ n natural secundum n§t»ram; (unaffected)
incomposit·us |a |um, simpl·ex |icis
mustard sin§p·is |is f
naturally n§t»r§liter; (of course) nempe,
mutter muss§re utpote; (unaffectedly) simpliciter

mutual m»tu·us |a |um nature n§t»r·a |ae f; (physical world)
n§t»ra r¡rum; (of a person)
my me·us |a |um ingeni·um |¿ n

my oh my! vae miser« (-ae) mihi!

myth m£th·os |¿ m