BhasaBagaincha 3

efiff aur} F f – # v]NbfvN] b}
!= tl:a/ x]/L gfd;uF hf8] f ldnfpm M

kf;fª Nxfd' zk] f{
afal' 5/L z]kf{

t]lGhª gf]u{] zk] f{
h'Gsf] tfa]O{
P8dG8 lxnf/L
t]Dafl5/L zk] f{

100

&PsfO st{Jo

cfvF L‰ofn
lbPsf lrqn] s] eg]sf x'g\ <

efiff au} Frf – #

101

efiff aur} F f – # !kf7 >j0fs'df/

zAb / c {y>j0fsd' f/ zfGtg' Clifsf 5f]/f lyP . Clif / ClifkTgL bj' } cGwf
lyP . >j0fs'df/ cfˆgf afa'cfdfsf x/]s OR5f k'¥ofOlbGy ] . pgL
cfdfafa'nfO{ cToGt dfof / cfb/ uy ]{ . hltv/] klg cfdfafa'nfO{
v';L agfpg] ko| Tg uy] { .

afa', xfdL w]/} a9" f
eO;Sof}F . xfdf| ] clGtd

cj:yf eO;Sof ] .
dgc'{ l3 xfdLnfO{
tLyo{ fqf ug{] OR5f 5 .

hf] cf1f Û dftflktf,
d xh/' x¿sf] OR5f
k"/f ug{ tof/ 5 ' .

Clif – tk:of ug{] dfG5]
tLyo{ fqf – wflds{ ofqf

102

cfˆgf afcfdf c6fpg] u/L >j0fs'df/n] Pp6f vkg{ agfP  . vkg{ sf]
Psflt/ afa' / csfl{ t/ cfdfnfO{ /fv/] tLy{ofqfsf nflu lxF8 ] .
af6fdf pgL hËnaf6 kmnkm"n vf]h/] NofO{ afcfdfnfO{ v'jfpFy ] .

afa,' xfdLnfO{ ltvf{
nfUof], kfgL lnP/

cfpm g Û

hf] cf1f Û lktfhL,
d kfgL lnP/
cfOxfN5' .

zAb / c {y >j0fsd' f/ gbLdf ku' ] . pgL
efiff a }u Frf – #3}F6f] 8'afP/ kfgL pefpbF } lyP .
cs:dft\ st}af6 af0f cfP/

sfv] df nfUof] .

P]of ˜˜ afaf ÛÛ d/]F lg Û

vkg{ – sfwF df af;F c8o\ fO{ bj' l} t/ ;fdfg afS] g] ;fwg

cs:dft\ – crfgs af0f – tL/

103

d[un] kfgL vfPsf]
cfjfh eG7fg]/ af0f
xfg]sf] t/ dfG5]nfO{
nfUof] ls Sof xf] <

xg] k'{ ¥of] .

dnfO{ h] eof,] dnfO{ dfkm
e}uf] . a? cln k/ ugx'{ f;]  \ . daf6
d/] f dftflktf dnfO{ 7"nf] uNtL eof ] .
klv{/xg'ePsf] 5 .
pxfFx¿nfO{ kfgL nu]/

lbg'xf]; \ .

efiff aur} F f – # dfGoj/ Û kfgL lng'xf];\ . /fhf kfgL lnP/ uP . pgn]
¿vdl' g al;/xs] f j4[ Clif /

ClifkTgLnfO{ bv]  ] .

ltdL sf] xf} < xfd|f
5f]/f >j0f stf uP <
ltdLn] lsg kfgL lnP/

cfPsf <

zAb / c {y j[4 – a9" f] dfGoj/ – cfb/ ugk'{ g{] dfG5]

104

klxnf kfgL klxnf eGgx' f;] \
vfg'xf;] \ clg clg dfq xfdL
kfgL vfG5fF} .
eg'Fnf .

dfGoj/, daf6 d cof]Wof g/z] bz/y x 'F . dnfO{ dfkm
7"nf] e"n eof ] . ugx{' f];\ dfGoj/ Û l;sf/ vN] b} hfbF f >j0fnfO{
dnfO{ dfkm ug{x' f];\ .
dn} ] du[ nfO{ eg/] af0f af0f nfUof] / pgsf] dT[ o' eof ] .
xfgs] f] lyPF t/
>j0fnfO{ nfu5]  . s] eGof} < >j0fnfO{
af0f nfUof] < /fhf Û
ltdL cToGt kfkL

/x5] f } .

zAb / c {y
efiff a }u Frf – #
/fhfsf s'/f ;g' ]/ Clif / ClifkTgL bj' } d"R5f{ k/] . /fhfn] dfof u/]/
bj' n} fO{ ;D' ;'DofP/ al;/x] . s]xLa]/kl5 pgLx¿ Ao'FltP .

x] /fhf Û h'g k'qzfs] n]
xfdLnfO{ o; cj:yfdf
k¥' ofof], ToxL kq' zf]s
ltdLnfO{ klg k/f];\ .

>fk kfPkl5 /fhf
bM' vL xb'F } b/af/ kms ]{ .

kfkL – kfk ug {] kq' zf]s – 5f]/f] d/s] f] b'Mv

105

z'4 pRrf/0f Clif tLy{ofqf cf1f
af0f du[ AoFl' tP
lbPsf zAb ;g' / eg M
k|oTg >j0f
cofW] of d[To'

efiff aur} F f – # afw] / cleJolQm

!= s;n] s;nfO{ eg]sf] xf] < n]v M
s= hf] cf1f Û dftflktf Û d xh/' sf] OR5f k"/f ug{ tof/ 5' .
v= afa', xfdLnfO{ ltvf{ nfUof], kfgL lnP/ cfpm g .
u= dnfO{ dfkm ug{x' f;] \, daf6 7n" f] uNtL eof] .
3= dfGoj/, kfgL lng'xf;]  \ .
ª= x] /fhf, hg' kq' zfs] n] xfdLnfO{ o; cj:yfdf k¥' ofof,] ToxL

kq' zfs] ltdLnfO{ klg k/f];\ .

@= lbPsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ n]v M
s= >j0fsd' f/sf] :jefj s:tf] lyof] <
v= >j0fs'df/sf afcfdfn] 5f/] fnfO{ s:tf] OR5f atfP <
u= kfgL pefpg nfUbf s] eof] <
3= >j0fs'df/ lrRofPkl5 bz/yn] s] ;f]r] <
ª= /fhfnfO{ Clifn] s] ;/fk lbP <

106

#= 36gfj|md ldnfP/ syf agfpm M efiff au} Frf – #
- _ s= >j0fs'df/ gbLdf kfgL lng uP .
- _ v= Clif / ClifkTgLn] tLyo{ fqf ug{] OR5f JoQm u/] .
- _ u= /fhf bz/y kfgL lnP/ Clif / ClifkTgLsxfF uP .
- _ 3= >j0fs'df/n] afcfdf c6fpg] Pp6f vkg{ agfP .
- _ ª= Clifn] /fhfnfO{ >fk lbP .

cfŠgf cg'ej ;f6f;f6 u/ M
a'afcfdfn] ltdLnfO{ sxfsF xfF 3'dfpg nh} fgx' G' 5 <

?

;f]r / eg M
ltdL 7"nf] ePkl5 cfˆgf aa' fcfdfnfO{ sxfFsxfF 3'dfpg
nh} fG5f} <

>'lt nv] g

lbPsf zAb ;'g / n]v M

dfGoj/ cf1f j4[ ;hfo cToGt
;D' ;D' ofP/ uNtL ltvf{ cs:dft\ OR5f

107

z4' n]vg

kf7 x/] /] z4' agfO{ sf]7fdf n]v M
cGtLd ltyo{ fqf tLvf{
jf0f ldu { ulNt
kflk dfGg]j/ 36} f]

zAbe08f/

!= p:t} cy{ cfpg] zAb vf]h/] nv] M

efiff aur} F f – # cwdL{ cfdf b]xfGt /fhf hldg hËn
tL/ xl/0f a'af cfb]z jg d'lg

hËn – jg lktf –
Clif – d[u –
cf1f – eO' F –
af0f – d[To' –
g/z] – dftf –
kfkL –

@= lbPsf cy;{ uF ldNg] zAb kf7af6 vf]h/] nv] M

pbfx/0f M ;hfo – b08

;fgf] 5fkf| ] –

lgx/' ]/ –

108

Kof; –

sfvL / sDd/dflysf] efu –

Ifdf –

df;'sf nflu hLjhGt' dfg]{ sfd –

e"n –

ax] f]; ePsf] l:ylt –

AoFl' emP –

#= ldNg] zAb /fvL jfSo k/" f u/ M efiff au} Frf – #

kfgL cj:yf uNtL cToGt pefpbF } >j0f

s= xfdf| ] clGtd ============================ eO;Sof] .
v= d ===================== lnP/ cfOxfN5 ' .
u= pgL 3}6F f] 8a' fP/ kfgL ============================ lyP .
3= daf6 7"nf] ================== ========= eof] .
ª= ltdL =========================kfkL /x5] f} .
r= xfd|f 5f/] f ====================================== stf uP <

;d"x sfo{

rf/j6f ;d"xdf a; . ;/f;/, km6fkm6 h:tf b;j6f zAb
;dx" df 5nkmn u/]/ nv]  . tL zAb ko| fu] u//] Ps÷Psj6f
jfSo agfpm . jfSo 7"nf] cIf/ agfP/ rf6{ kk] /df ;f/ . ;an} ]
b]Vg] u/L leQfdf e'mG8o\ fpm . cGo ;dx" n] tL jfSo ldn]
gldn]sf] x/]  . ;ae} Gbf /fd|f cIf/ n]Vg] ;dx" nfO{ awfO{ bp] m .

109

efiff aur} F f – # sfo{d"ns Jofs/0f

!= lbPsf jfSo k9 M
s= >j0fsd' f/ gbLdf ku' ] . pgn] 36}F f] 8a' fP .
>j0fsd' f/ gbLdf k'u] / pgn] 36F} f] 8a' fP .
v= tkfO{+ klxnf eGgx' f;]  \ . xfdL kfgL vfG5f F} .
tkfO+{ klxnf eGg'xf];\ clg xfdL kfgL vfG5fF } .
u= dn} ] d[unfO{ af0f xfg] F . >j0fnfO{ af0f nfUof ] .
dn} ] du[ nfO{ af0f xfgF] t/ >j0fnfO{ af0f nfUof ] .

dflysf] jfSodf ko| f]u ePsf /, clg, t/ ;o+ fh] s x'g\ . To:t}
lsgeg,] To;}n,] tyf, To;kl5, cyjf, gq, klg, ;+ofh] s x'g \ .

;+ofh] sn] bO' 6f jfSo hf]85\ g \ ._

@= ldNg] ;+ofh] s /fv/] b'O{j6f jfSo hf]8 M
s= >j0fs'df/ vk{gsf] Psflt/ aa' fnfO{ afS] y] .
>j0fs'df/ vkg{ sf] csfl]{ t/ cfdfnfO{ afS] y ] . -/, clg_
v= >j0fs'df/n] kmnkmn" vf]h/] NofP . pgn] aa' fcfdfnfO{ v'jfP .

-clg, To;n} ]_
u= bz/yn] du[ nfO{ af0f xfg ] . af0f >j0fnfO{ nfUof] . -/, t/_
3= >j0f kfgL vfH] g uP . pgsf cfdfaa' fnfO{ Kof; nfUof ] .

-To;n} ], lsgeg_]
ª= bz/yn] >j0fs'df/ d/s] f] s'/f ;'gfP . Clifsf kltkTgL dR" 5f{

k/ ] . -To;kl5, lsgeg_]
r= >j0f af0f nfu/] d/] . pgL dg{] lyPgg \ . -cyjf, gq_

110

nv] g cEof; efiff au} Frf – #

cgn' ]vg

lbPsf cg'R5]b h:tfsf] To:t} ;f/ M
>j0fs'df/ cfˆgf cfdfa'afn] eg]sf] dfGy ] . pgLafa'cfdfnfO{
cfb/, ;Tsf/ uy] { . a'afcfdfsf] ;]jfdf nflu/xGy ] . xfdLn] klg
a'afcfdfsf] cfb/ ug'{k5{ . ;j] f ;Tsf/ ug{k' 5{ . dftflktf eg]sf
xfd|f eujfg\ xg' \ . dftflktfn] g} xfdLnfO{ ;+;f/ bv] fPsf x'g\ .
:ofxf/ ;';f/ u/]/ xs' fP{ sf xg'  \ .

l;h{gfTds nv] g

lbPsf a'Fbfsf] cfwf/df jfSo agfpm / syf k"/f u/ M
h:t} M
xl/nfn ;x/ -hfg_' xl/nfn ;x/
uof] .
xl/nfn ;x/ -hfg'_ . pm ;x/df
-3'Dg_'  . p;n] k;ncufl8 s]6L
plePsf] -b]Vg'_  . s]6L /fd|L -xg' '_  .
s]6L /a/af6 ag]sf] -x'g_'  .
xl/nfnn] s]6LnfO{ ;fRF rs} f]
-7fGg_'  . p;n] s6] LnfO{ …d
ltdLl;t lax] u5Ú{' -eGg'_ .

111

efiff aur} F f – # v]Nbfv]Nb}
lbPsf j:t'af6 vkg{ sf] lrq agfpm M

112

*PsfO k|sfk]

cfvF L‰ofn
lrqn] ss] ] b]vfp5F g\ <

efiff au} Frf – #

113

!kf7 es" Dk

– l;l4r/0f >i] 7

efiff aur} F f – # w/] } hgfsf] wg Hofg xflg
u/fpg] eLif0f gfs] ;flg
es" Dkn] cfh u¥of] ghflt
NofO{ oxfF ;Í6 eflF teflF t .

g vfg ldN5 g t ldN5 jf;
k¥of] larNnL slt xf| ; gfz
a;/] ;G' bf klg lrQ ?G5
dgi' odf cfh ljkt\ dxfg\ 5 .

es" Dkn] kLl8tsf] ;xfo
ss] ] u/] x'G5 u/fF} pkfo
kbf{ ljkb\ dflg;sf] lgldQ
x'g] u/fF} hLjgdf kj| Q[  .

zAb / c {y Hofg – z/L/ eLif0f – 8/nfUbf ] e"sDk – e'OrF fnf]

;Í6 – cfkt ghftL – enf] gug,]{ v/fa

kLl8t – bM' lvt, b'Mv kfPsf] xf| ; – 36\bf]

lrQ – dg dg'io – dfG5 ] k|jQ[ – sfddf nfUg'

114

z4' pRrf/0f x|f; larNnL ljkt\
lgldQ dg'io Hofg
lbPsf zAb ;g' / eg M
eLif0f e"sDk
lrQ k|jQ[

af]w / cleJolQm efiff au} Frf – #

!= kf7sf] sljtf no xfn]/ k9 .
lbPsf] sljtf no xfn/] k9 M

d]/f] ;fgf] l;;fsnd cfh stf x/fof]
nV] g yfN5' eg]sf] of] t ;f/} 8/fof]
ux[ sfo{ ug{' 5 sfkL ;a} eg'{ 5
vfl] hb]pm g d/] f] efO d}n] w]/} k9g\ ' 5 .

@= lbPsf] sljtf k/" f u/ M
e"sDkn] =========================== ;xfo
==================== u/] xG' 5 u/f}F =============
kbf{============dflg;sf] ======================
=================== u/f=}F ================ k|jQ[  .

#= lbPsf kZ| gsf] pQ/ n]v M
s= e"sDkn] s;/L gf]S;fgL u/fp5F <
v= es" Dk cfof] eg] dflg;nfO{ s]s] xG' 5 <

115

efiff aur} F f – # u= es" Dkn] ;Í6 s;/L Nofp5F <
3= e"sDk kLl8tnfO{ s] ug'k{ nf{ <
ª= xfdL hLjgdf s] xg' 'k5{ <

$= kbj|md ldnfO{ n]v M
s= e"sDkn] cfh u¥of] ghftL .
v= k¥of] larNnL slt xf| ; gfzn ] .
u= s]s] u/] xG' 5 u/f}F pkfo .
3= xg' ] u/fF} hLjgdf k|jQ[  .
%= lbPsf x/kmaf6 s] a‰' 5f} < nv] M
g vfg ldN5 g t ldN5 jf;
k¥of] larNnL slt xf| ; gfz ..
^= ltdf| ] ljBfnodf e"sDkaf6 aRgsf nflu ul/g] pkfo

l;sfOPsf] 5 < 5 eg] ss] ] l;sfOPsf] 5 < nv]  .

cfŠgf cg'ej ;f6f;f6 u/ M
ltdLnfO{ slxNo} e"sDk uPsf] yfxf 5 < yfxf 5 eg] e"sDk
hfbF f s:tf] xG' 5 < ;fyLnfO{ eg .

?

;fr] / eg M
e"sDk cfof] eg] ltdL s] u5f{} <

116

>'lt nv] g gf]S;fgL jf; dxfg\
;xfo pkfo dg'io
lbPsf zAb ;g' / nv] M
xflg ghftL
ljkt\ kLl8t

z4' n]vg efiff au} Frf – #

kf7 x/] /] z4' agfO{ sf]7f n]v M
e'sDk le;0f
;s+ 6 dgi" o
lk8Lt lgdLQ
ghflt pkfP
eflteflt u/fF}

zAbe08f/

!= zAbsf] cGTodf ‘gL’ cfpg] cf7j6f zAb nv] M
pbfx/0f M gfS] ;fgL, kfgL,
================ ================ ================ ================
================ ================ ================ ================

117

@= zAb / cy{sf] hf8] f ldnfpm M

larNnL a:g] 7fpF

jf; lahfu]

pkfo lglDt

lgldQ hl' Qm

hLjg ;DklQ

wg lhGbuL

kj| Q[ y/Ly/L

w]/ } ljgfz

efFtLefFtL Hofb}

gfz tTk/

efiff aur} F f – # #= zAbhfnaf6 es" Dk cfpg'cl3 em6k6 emfn] fdf /fVgk' g{] cf7j6f
j:t'sf] gfd kQf nufpm M

sf u hf t k} lw cf}
rf cf} /] l8 rL sF} of]
hf if u rf p rf p
sf lw sf t ;f /L /]
lr p /f p o u l8
s}F of] /L o s}F rL of]
8f o /L 8f k} ;f rf

118

n]vg cEof; efiff au} Frf – #

cgn' ]vg

lbPsf Znfs] h:tfsf] To:t} ;f/ M
e"sDkn] kLl8tsf] ;xfo
s]s] u/] xG' 5 u/fF} pkfo
kbf{ ljkb\ dflg;sf] lgldQ
x'g] u/fF} hLjgdf kj| Q[  .

l;h{gfTds nv] g

kf]:6/ x]/L a'ems] f s/' f kfrF jfSodf n]v M

119

@kf7 ;fyLnfO{ lr7L

ldlt M @)&!÷!@÷%
chod]? @, 88]Nw'/f

Kof/f] ;fyL Zofdnfn,
gd:sf/ Û

efiff aur} F f – # oxfF dnfO{ ;Gr} 5 . ToxfF ltdL klg ;Gr} 5f} eGg] cfZff u/s] f] 5' .
ltdLn] k7fPsf] lr7L kfPF . ltdLn] ltdf| ] ufpdF f ePsf gofF 36gfaf/]
n]v egs] f /x5] f } . nf} ;g' , Ps lbg xfd|f] ufpF glhssf] hËndf uf7] fnfn]
r'/f6] ;NsfP/ ;nfO{sf] sf6F L To;} kmfn]5  . Tof] sf6F Lsf] cfufn] ;'ss] f
kft ;lNsP5g \ . hËnsf] km]bLaf6 ;Ns]sf] cfuf] hËnel/ k}mlnP5 .
;feF mkv cfuf] nfUg ;'? ePsfn] ufpFnx] ¿n] yfxf kfPg5g\ .
ef]lnkN6 laxfg;Dddf t hËn glhss} f 3/df ;dt] cfuf] ;Ns5]  .
ufpeF l/ xNnfvNnf eof ] . ;a} ufpnF ] hDdf eP/ cfuf] lgefpg
yfn ] . cfuf] w/] } kml} nO;ss] fn] ;dod} cfuf] lgefpg ;sg] g \ . w/] } 3/
hn ] . w]/} wg;DklQ gi6 eof ] . uf]7sf ufO{j:t' klg d/] . rf/kfFr
hgfnfO{ t c:ktfn g} egf{ ug{k' ¥of ] . x]/ ;fyL, ;nfO{sf sf6F L,
r'/f6] sf 76' f, ;lNsPsf sf7sf 6s' f| glgefO{ kmfNg xFb' f/] xg] 5 .

;fyL, lr7L n]VbfnV] b} nfdf] klg xg' cfF6\of ] . afsF L s'/f csf]{ lr7Ldf
nv] n'F f . ltdL klg lr7L n]Vb} u/ x} Û

ltdf| ] ;fyL
ljjm| d h}¿

120

k7fpg] kfpg]

ljjmd h}¿ Zofdnfn /fgf yf¿

chod]? @, 88]Nw'/f /}sjf/ %, s~rgk'/

cfzf – OR5f, rfxgf 36gf – cs:dft\ ePsf] ultljlw
zAb / cy{
efiff a }u Frf – #
uf]7fnf] – ufOj{ :t' r/fpg] dflg; k]mbL – kxf8sf] k'5f/

7'6f] – 6'j|mf]

z'4 pRrf/0f ;lNsP5g\ ;DklQ gi6
n]vnF' f afFsL ufO{j:t'
lbPsf zAb ;g' / eg M
sf6F L 36gf

c:ktfn ;nfO{

af]w / cleJolQm chod]? –, @ 88]nw'/f
/s} jf/ –, % s~rgk'/
!= hf]8f ldnfpm M @)&! ÷ !@ ÷ %
lr7L k7fpg ] Zofdnfn /fgf yf¿
lr7L kfpg] ljqmd h¿}
Zofdnfnsf] 7u] fgf
ljj|mdsf] 7u] fgf
lr7L n]lvPsf] ldlt

121

@= 7Ls jfSodf -ü_ / a7] Ls jfSodf -û_ lrXg nufpm M

s= uf]7fnfn] ;nfO{sf] sf6F L To;} kmfn]5 .
v= hËndf ;Nss] f] cfuf] cfkm}F lgEof] .
u= cfuf] nfUg]lalQs} ufpFn]x¿ hDdf eP .
3= ufpnF ]x¿ cfuf] lgefpg yfn ] .
ª= rf/ kfrF hgf dflg;nfO{ c:ktfn egf{ ug{k' /g]  .
r= ;nfOs{ f sf6F L, r/' f6] sf 76' f hxfF kmfn] klg xG' 5 .

#= tflnsfaf6 ^ j6f jfSo agfpm M

vfg]s'/f / sk8f hN5g\ .

hËndf ufOj{ :t' d5{g\ .
3/df
uf7] df cfunfuL xF'bf r/fr?' ËLsf ar/] f 89/] d5g{  \ .
jghËn ljgfz xG' 5 .

efiff aur} F f – # 3/x¿ hN5g\ .

dflg;nfO{ ;dt] kf]N5 .

$= lbPsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ n]v M
s= ljjm| dn] lr7Ldf sg' 36gfsf] af/d] f n]vs] f 5g\ <
v= hËndf s;/L cfuf] kml} nP5 <
u= ufpFnx] ¿n] cfuf] nfu]sf] lsg yfxf kfPgg\ <
3= ufpFnn] ] lsg cfuf] lgefpg ;s]gg\ <
ª= cfunfuLn] ubf{ ufpFdf ss] ] eof] <

%= cfunfuL xg' glbg s]–s] pkfo ckgfpgk' 5{ <

122

?

;fr] / egM
ltdLn] st} cfunfuL ePsf] b]Vof} eg] s] u5f}{ <

>'lt nv] g

lbPsf zAb ;g' / nv] M
;Gr} cfzf lr7L 36gf sfF6L
kmb] L a]n'sf cfuf] ;DklQ 7'6f

z4' nv] g efiff au} Frf – #

kf7 x]/]/ z'4 agfO{ sf7] fdf n]v M

;fly sflF 6

kml] b ef]nLkN6

ufOj:t' afls

ufp ;"?

;DkQL aLxfg

123

zAbe08f/

!= afs;af6 p:t} cy{ cfpg] zAb vf]h/] n]v M cf/fd}

6j' m| f] xl:k6n en] f an] f ;fFem kq

h:t} M ;Gr} – cf/fd}
kft –
a]n'sf –
;do –
hDdf –
c:ktfn –
76' f] –

efiff aur} F f – # @= ldNg] zAb /fvL vfnL 7fpF e/ M

6]lnkmf]g PDa'n]G; bdsn kx| /L sfF6L

s= ;nfO{ sf]/]/ ============================= hyfefjL kmfNg'xF'b}g .
v= cfunfuL ePdf ================= af6 va/ ug'{k5{ .
u= ====================== afn] fP/ cfuf] lgefpg'k5{ .
3= cfuf]n] kf]n]df ====================== df /fvL c:ktfn nh} fg'k5{ .
ª= cfuf] lgefpg ==================== sf] ;xfotf lngk' 5 { .

#= kf7af6 cGtdf bL3{ Osf/ - L_ nfus] f kfrF j6f zAb vf]h/]
n]v M

h:t} M kfgL

124

sfo{d"ns Jofs/0f

!= s= lbPsf jfSo k9 M
c= ufpeF l/ xNnfvNnf eof ] . ufpFel/ xNnfvNnf xg' ]5 .
cf= ;a} ufpnF ] hDdf eP . ;a} ufpFn] hDdf x'g5] g \ .
O= ufpnF n] ] cfuf] lgefP . ufpFnn] ] cfuf] lgefpg] 5g \ .
O{= ltdLn] lr7L k7fof } . ltdL lr7L k7fpg] 5f } .

v= dflysf jfSo /ª ldNg] sf]7fdf ;f/ M

=============================== =============================== efiff au} Frf – #
=============================== ===============================
=============================== ===============================
=============================== ===============================

-oL et" sfnsf jfSo x'g_\ -oL eljiot\ sfnsf jfSo
x'g\_

@= et" sfnsf jfSonfO{ eljiot\ sfndf abn M
s= hËndf cfuf] nfUof ] .
v= 3/df ;dt] cfuf] k}mlnof ] .
u= w/] } wg;DklQ gi6 eof] .
3= ltdLn] lr7L k7fof} .
ª= lr7L nfdf] eof] .

125

efiff aur} F f – # n]vg cEof;

cgn' v] g

lbPsf] cgR' 5]b h:tfsf] To:t} ;f/ M
e"sDk, af9L, klx/f], cflb k|fsl[ ts k|sfk] x'g \ . kf| s[lts k|sfk] n]
dflg;nfO{ ;Í6df kf5{ . e"sDk cfof] eg] wghgsf] gfz x'G5 .
k|fs[lts k|sfk] x¿ yfxf lbP/ cfpFbg} g\ . ks| f]k crfgs cfpg] xg' fn]
xfdL ;wF} rgfvf] x'g'k5{ . xfdLn] ks| fk] af6 kLl8t ePsf dflg;nfO{
;xof]u ug'{k5{ . ks| fk] af6 aRg] pkfo hflg/fVgk' 5{  . cfunfuLn] ljklQ
lgDTofp5F  . xfdLn] hyfefjL cfuf] rnfpg'x'bF g}  . ;s;] Dd ljklQ
cfpg lbgx' Fb' }g . olb cfOxfNof] eg] t'?Gt kx| /LnfO{ va/ ugk{' 5{ .

l;h{gfTds n]vg

lrq x]/L kfrF jfSo n]v M

126

;d"x sfo{ efiff au} Frf – #
rf/j6f ;d"xdf a; . cfˆgf] ;d"xsf] k|ltlglw 5fg .
kf7af6 n], nfO{, af6, sf], sf, df ko| fu] ePsf jfSo l6k .
k|Tos] ;dx" sf kl| tlglw cufl8 hfpm . cfˆgf] ;dx" n]
l6ks] f jfSo k9/] sIffdf ;'gfpm . cfˆg} ;dx" df kms { . ca n,]
nfO{, af6 sf,] df ljelQm k|of]u u//] Pp6f syf agfpm . syf
agfO;s]kl5 k|To]s ;dx" sf] Ps hgf cufl8 hfpm . cfˆgf] ;d"xn]
tof/ kf/s] f] syf k9/] ;'gfpm . ;aeGbf /fdf| ] syf 5fg . k|yd /
låtLo 56' o\ fpm . k|yd / låtLo xg' n] fO{ ;an} ] awfO b]pm .

vN] bfvN] b}
bdsn s'g af6f] uof] eg] cfuf] nfu]sf] 7fpFdf l56f] k'U5 <

127

efiff aur} F f – # (PsfO jftfj/0f

cfvF L‰ofn
lrqaf6 s] a‰' of} < eg M

128

!kf7 nfebfos ufs] L

– ljgo s;h"

gk] fnsf] s'g} 7fpFdf uf]a]|ls/fsf] ufpF lyof ] . ufa] ]|ls/fn] cfk"mnfO{
…uf]sLÚ eGy ] . uf]sLx¿ slxns] fxLF cfk;df n8fOF uy]{ . pgLx¿sf
xft nfdf / df]6f ;gf;f h:tf x'Gy ] . To;n} ] pgLx¿nfO{ emu8f
ug{ ;lhnf] xG' Yof] . an] fan] fdf ljbz] af6 cfPsf dflg;n]
uf]sLnfO{ cfˆgf] b]z nh} fGy ] . ljbz] df /dfOnf] xG' 5 eg/] ;a}
uf]sLx¿ ljb]z hfg pT;'s x'Gy ] . ufs] Lx¿sf] ufpF dnvfbsf] glhs}
lyof] . uf]sLx¿ uf]7sf] uf]a/ vfGy ] . pgLx¿ uf]a/sf] 8Nnf agfP/
ns' fpg klg n}hfGy] . uf]a/sf] 8NnfnfO{ kfy] L uf]sLn] c7F \ofP/
/fVyL  . efn] uf]sLn] To;nfO{ k5fl8sf nfdf v§' fn] ws]NYof ] . sdnf]
e'OF jf df6f] e]§fPkl5 efn] ufs] Ln] uf]a/sf] 8NnfnfO{ /fVYof ] .
efn]n] 8Nnfdl' gsf] df6f] vGYof ] . kfy] L 8Nnfdfly a;/] xl] //xGyL .
la:tf/} ufa] /sf] 8Nnf] df6fd] l' g k'l/GYof]  . df6f]leqsf] uf]a/sf] 8Nnfdf
kf]yLn] w]/} k'mn kfyL { . k'mnaf6 nfef{ lg:sGy] . nfef{x¿ ToxL
uf]a/ vfP/ xs' {Gy ] .

Ps lbgsf] s/' f xf] . Pp6f ufs] LnfO{ ljb]z hfg dg nfUof] . pm
;Nnfx lng csf{] ufpF uof] . csf]{ ufpsF f] Pp6f ufs] L ljb]zaf6

ufa] |]ls/f – ufa] /df a:g] / uf]a/ vfg] ls/f
;gf;f] – tftf] ef8F f] RofKg] ;fwg pT;'s – sx] L ug{ xtfl/Psf]
dnvfb – ufa] / kmflng] 7fpF nfef{ – k'mnaf6 lg:sg] ;fgf] ls/f

129
zAb / c {y
efiff a }u Frf – #

efiff aur} F f – # ev/{ kms{s] f] lyof] . p;n] k/b]z hfg
nfu]sf] ufs] LnfO{ eGof,] æltdL ljb]z
ghfpm . ljbz] Ln] xfdLnfO{ sfddf
nufP/ w]/} kmfObf lnG5g \ . xfdLn] cfˆg}
bz] df sfd ug{'k5{ .Æ æljb]zdf xfdLnfO{
s] sfd nufpF5g\ <Æ ljbz] hfg nfus] f] ufs] Ln] ;f]Wof ] .

csf]{ ufs] Ln] hjfkm lbof,] æxfd|f] kv,{ ;fr] / eg M
sfd t ufa] /sf 8Nnf df6f]dl' g ca ljb]z hfg nfus] f] ufs] Ln] s] unf{ <
k'¥ofpg] g} xf] .Æ ljb]z hfg nfus] f] ufs] Ln] ;fW] of,] æxfd|f] sfdaf6
ljbz] Ln] s;/L kmfObf lnG5g\ t <Æ csfn]{ ] eGof,] æcfˆgf] b]zsf]
jftfj/0f hf]ufP/ kmfObf lnG5g\ lg ÛÆ k|Zg ;f]Wg] uf]sL csfs{ f]
s'/f ;g' /] lhNn k¥of ] . p;n] km]l/ ;f]Wof], æd}n] t ltdLn] egs] f] s'/}
a'lemgF  .Æ csf{] uf]sLn] eGof,] ænf} ;'g Û xfdL ufa] / vfG5f} F . c3fPkl5
afsF L uf]a/ 8Nnf kf//] vfN8fd] f uf8\5f} F . To;n} ] uf]a/df a:g] leFmuf
km}lng kfpbF g} g\ .Æ æP ÛÛ ˜˜Æ cfZro{ dfGb} ljb]z hfg nfus] f]
uf]sLn] eGof] . csf{] ufs] Ln] kml] / eGof],æcsf]{ s'/f klg 5 .Æ æs]
s/' f <Æ p;n] ;fW] of ] . æufa] /nfO{ xfdL dn agfpbF f /x]5fF} / df6f]
dlnnf] kfbf{ /x5] fF} . To;n] af6] la?jfnfO{ dn xF'bf] /x]5Æ csf{]
ufs] Ln] pQ/ lbof] . æcf]xf] Û xfdL t jftfj/0f hfu] fpg] sfd kf]
ubf{ /x]5fF} t .Æ ljb]z hfg nfu]sf] uf]sLn] eGof ] . csf]{ uf]sLn] km]l/
eGof], æTolt dfq sxfF xf] / < ufa] /af6 ldy]g eGg] Uof; lg:sG5 .

zAb / c {y dlnnf] – k|z:t pAhgL xg' ] dxŒjk0" f{ – pkofu] L, cfjZos

jftfj/0f – cfk"m jl/kl/sf] ks| l[ t -kl/jz] _ cfZro{ – 5Ss

130

To;n] kY[ jLnfO{ tftf] agfp5F  . xfdLn]
ufa] /sf 8NnfnfO{ df6fd] 'lg uf8k] l5
ldy]g Uof; lgl:sb}g . To;n} ] jftfj/0f
w/] } tfTg klg kfpbF }g .Æ p;sf] s/' f
;'gk] l5 ljbz] hfg nfu]sf] uf]sLn] eGof]
æaNn s/' f a'e]mF, ca d klg ljbz] hfGg F . a? xfd|} b]zsf] jftfj/0f
hf]ufpF5 ' .Æ cfkm" n] jftfj/0f hfu] fpg ;Sg] s'/f yfxf kfP/ ufs] L
dVv k¥of] / cfˆgf] 3/lt/ kmls{of] .

Uof; – xfjf
zAb / c {y
efiff a }u Frf – #
z'4 pRrf/0f n8fOF ev/{ vfN8f]
Uof; lemuF f cfZro{
lbPsf zAb ;g' / eg M
ufa] |l] s/f dnvfb
dVv k[YjL

af]w / cleJolQm
!= ldNbf] pQ/df 7Ls -ü_ lrgf] nufpm M
s= kfy] L uf]sLn] k'mn sxfF kfyL{ <
c= df6fdf - _ cf= eO' dF f - _ O= ufa] /sf] 8Nnfdf - _

131

efiff aur} F f – # v= nfef{x¿ sxfFsf] uf]a/ vfP/ x'sG{ y] <
c= df6f]dl' gsf] uf]a/ - _ cf= df6fd] flysf] uf]a/ - _
O= dnvfbsf] uf]a/ - _
u= uf]sLsf] sfd s] xf] <
c= cfk;df emu8f ug{] - _
cf= uf]a/sf 8Nnf df6fd] 'lg k'¥ofpg] - _ O= ljb]z hfg] - _
3= ufa] / uf8\of] eg] s] x'G5 <
c= ldyg] Uof; lg:sbF }g - _ cf= uf]sLn] vfg kfpbF g} - _
O= ljbz] hfg kfObF }g - _

@= 7Ls jfSo dfq sfkLdf ;f/ M
s= uf]a|l] s/fn] cfkm" nfO{ …uf]al]| s/fÚ eGy] .
uf]a|]ls/fn] cfk"mnfO{ …uf]sLÚ eGy ] .
v= uf]sLsf xft nfdf, df6] f / ;gf;f h:tf xG' y ] .
ufs] Lsf xft nn' f / sdhf/] xG' y] .
u= uf]al|] s/fx¿ 3fF; vfGy ] .
ufa] l]| s/fx¿ uf]a/ vfGy] .
3= kfy] L uf]sLn] df6f]leqsf] uf]a/sf] 8Nnfdf k'mn kfyL{ .
kfy] L ufs] Ln] df6f]aflx/sf] ufa] /sf] 8Nnfdf k'mn kfyL{ .
ª= uf]sLn] jftfj/0f hfu] fpg e"ldsf vN] b}g .
ufs] Ln] jftfj/0f hfu] fpg e"ldsf v]N5 .

#= lbPsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ n]v M
s= ufa] ]l| s/fnfO{ emu8f ug{ sn] ] ;lhnf] agfpFYof] <

132

v= uf]sLx¿ ufa] /nfO{ ss] ] uy{] < efiff au} Frf – #
u= uf]sLn] ufa] /sf 8Nnf s;/L ns' fpFy] <
3= ljbz] af6 kmss{] f] ufs] Ln] csfn{] fO{ lsg ljbz] ghfpm egs] f] xf] <
ª= ljb]zLn] ufs] Laf6 s;/L kmfObf lnGy] <

$= 36gfsf] j|md ldnfP/ syf agfpm M
s= ljbz] af6 kmss{] f] ufs] Ln] …xfdLn] cfˆg} bz] df sfd ugk{' 5Ú{ eGof ] .
v= Pp6f ufs] LnfO{ ljb]z hfg dg nfUof] .
u= ljbz] hfg nfus] f] ufs] Lsf s/' f ;g' /] csfn{] ] ljbz] hfGgF eGof ] .
3= ljbz] af6 kmss{] f] uf]sLn] jftfj/0f hf]ufpg uf]sLn] s;/L

;xofu] u5{g\ eGg] atfof] .
ª= ljb]zaf6 kms]{sf] ufs] Ln] egs] f] csf{] ufs] Ln] a'em] g .

%= ufa] l| s/f h:t} jftfj/0f hfu] fpg] c¿ ls/fsf] af/d] f ltdLnfO{ yfxf
5 < yfxf 5 eg] tL ls/fn] s;/L jftfj/0f hfu] fp5F g\ < nv]  .

;d"x sfo{
tLgj6f ;d"xdf a; . kf7sf] klxnf] / bf];f| ] cg'R5b] k9 .
pQm cgR' 5]baf6 k|Zg agfpm . ltdLx¿ …g]kfnsf] s'g 7fpdF f
uf]sLsf] ufpF lyof] <Ú …g]kfnsf] s'g 7fpFdf s;sf] ufpF lyof] <Ú
h:tf kZ| g agfpg ;S5f} . kl| tlglw cufl8 hfpm . cfˆgf]
;d"xn] agfPsf k|Zg k9/] sIffdf ;'gfpm . hg' ;d"xn] w/] } kZ| g
agfpF5, ToxL ;dx" nfO{ ljh]tf 3f]if0ff u/ . c¿n] tfnL ahfP/
:jfut u/ .

133

efiff aur} F f – # ?

;f]r / egM
xfdLnfO{ ufs] Ln] h:t} uF8\ofn} f / ;k{n] s;/L kmfObf
k'¥ofpF5g\ <

>l' t n]vg
lbPsf zAb ;g' / n]v M

pT;s' ljb]z uf]a/ jftfj/0f af6] la?jf
leFmuf dxŒj k[YjL Uof; nfef{

z4' n]vg
kf7 x/] /] z'4 agfO{ sf7] fdf nv] M
lab]z aftfj/0f
l´uf jgfpbf
1f; jf]6la?jf
;hLnf ] kfl] y
ufj] / hafkm

134

zAbe08f/

!= kf7af6 p:t} cy{ cfpg] zAb vfh] ]/ n]v M

pbfx/0f M ljbz] – k/b]z

hfu?s ;dfP/

pQ/ w/tL

n8fO F g/d

xfjf cfjZos

kl/jz]

@= 5o\ f;ld; kfl/Psf cIf/ ldnfO{ zAb agfpm M efiff au} Frf – #

pbfx/0f M ;kcf – cfk;
dsnf] – p6fP –
xNnf; – dsf –
yLkf] – /v{e –
/auf] – YjLk[ –

#= cy;{ uF ldNg] zAb kf7af6 vfh] ]/ n]v M

s= jl/kl/sf] kl/jz] ================== v= ufa] /df a:g] ls/f ======
u= ufOe{ }F;Lsf] lb;f=================== 3= pQ/ =======
ª= ufO{j:t' afF Wg] 7fpF ============= r= /d0fLo =======
5= c08f ================================ h= hldg =========
em= /fi6« ================================ `= emu8f ========
6= ls/fsf] km' naf6 lg:sg] ;fgf] ls/f==========
7= kmfObf=========

135

efiff aur} F f – # sfod{ "ns Jofs/0f

!= lbPsf jfSo k9 M
s= uf]sL n8fOF uYof ]{ . uf]sLx¿ n8fOF uy] { .
v= ufs] L ljbz] hfg pT;s' xG' Yof ] . ufs] Lx¿ ljbz] hfg pT;s' xG' y ] .

@= dflysf jfSo /ª ldNg] sf7] fdf ;f/ M

=============================== ===============================

=============================== ===============================

oL Ps jrg ae' mfpg] jfSo oL ax' jrg a'emfpg] jfSo
x'g \ . x'g \ .

#= ax' jrgsf jfSonfO{ Ps jrgdf abn M
s= ufs] Lx¿ uf]a/ vfGy] .
=================================================================================
v= dflg;x¿n] ufs] LnfO{ cfˆgf] bz] n}hfGy] .
=================================================================================
u= km' naf6 nfefx{ ¿ lg:sGy] .
=================================================================================
3= uf]sLx¿ csf{] ufpF hfGy] .
=================================================================================
ª= nfef{x¿ uf]a/ vfP/ x'sG{ y ] .
=================================================================================

136

$= lbPsf jfSo k9 M efiff au} Frf – #
s= dn} ] t ltdLn] eg]sf] s/' } al' emgF .
v= xfdL jftfj/0f hf]ufpg] sfd kf] ubf{ /x]5fF} t .
u= ljb]zLn] cfˆgf] bz] sf] jftfj/0f hf]ufP/ kmfObf lnG5g\ lg Û
3= xfd|f] sfd t ufa] /sf 8Nnf df6f]dl' g k'¥ofpg] g} xf ] .
dflysf jfSodf k|of]u ePsf t, kf,] lg, g} lgkft x'g \ .

%= ldNg] lgkft /fvL jfSo k/" f u/ M

t kf] lg g}

s= uf]sLx¿nfO{ ======== ljb]zLn] cfˆgf] b]z klg n}hfGy] .
v= uf]sLn] klg jftfj/0f hfu] fpFbf /x5] g\ ============ .
u= ljbz] af6 kms{s] f] uf]sLn] ==== csf]{ uf]sLnfO{ ;Demfof] .
3= …ufs] LÚ egs] f ====== ufa] ]l| s/f====== /x5] g \ .

nv] g cEof;

cgn' ]vg

lbPsf] cgR' 5b] h:tfsf] To:t} sfkLdf ;f/ M
o; ;+;f/df ljleGg ks| f/sf hLj 5g \ . ;a} hLjn] dflg;nfO{ xflg
k¥' ofpFbg} g \ . sltko hLjn] dflg;nfO{ ;xofu] klg u5{g \ . o:tf
hLjdWo] ufa] l]| s/f klg Ps xf ] . ufa] ]|ls/fn] jftfj/0f :jR5 /fVg ;xofu]
u5 { . df6f] dlnnf] agfpF5 . dflg;sf] hLjgnfO{ ;lhnf] agfp5F  .

137

efiff aur} F f – # l;h{gfTds n]vg

lbPsf a'Fbfaf6 Pp6f syf agfpm M
– Psk6s ;o" { / xfjfsf] aLrdf emu8f xg' ,'
– ;"o{n] cfk"mnfO{ 7"nf] eGg,'
– xfjfn] klg cfkm" nfO{ 7n" f] eGg',
– ;"o{ / xfjfn] afhL yfKg,'
– ;o" n{ ] ;8sdf lxFl8/x]sf] a6'jfnfO{ b]Vg',
– pgn] h;n] a6'jfn] cf9] ]sf] asf{] p8fpg ;S5 pxL 7"nf] x'G5

eGg,'
– xfjf klg To;df ;xdt xg' ',
– ;'?df xfjf a:] ;/L rNg,'
– a6'jfn] asf]{ p8n\ f eg/] a;] /L RofKg,'
– xfjf yfsk] l5 ;"os{ f] kfnf] cfpg,'
– ;o" { a];/L rls{g,'
– a6'jfnfO{ udL{ xg' ' / cf]9s] f] asf{] lems]/ eO' dF f /fVg',
– ;o" n{ ] afhL lhTg,'
– xfjf cfˆgf] 3/ hfg',

yk cEof;

syf k9L ;fl] wPsf] k|Zgsf] pQ/ nv] M
Psk6s /fhf csa/ / dGqL jL/an 3'Db} lyP . csa/ r/' f]6
vfFbg} y] . jL/an r'/f6] vfGy ] . jL/ann] r/' f6] vfPsf] csa/nfO{
dg kb}{gYof ] . 3D' b} hfFbf ltgLx¿n] ;t' L{ af/Ldf rl//x]sf] uwf
b]v ] .

138

uwfn] ;t' L{ 5f8] ]/ 3fF; vfFb} lyof] . csa/n] eg], æx]/ jL/an, efiff au} Frf – #
uwfn] klg ;'tL{ vfFb}g .Æ jL/ann] pQ/ lbP, æxf] ;/sf/, uwfx¿
;t' L{ vfbF }gg \ .Æ
k|Zgx¿ M
s= csa/nfO{ s] dg kbg}{ Yof] <
v= uwfn] s] vfbF } lyof] <
u= jL/ann] lbPsf] pQ/n] s] cy{ lbG5 <

vN] bfv]Nb}
lrqsf] klxnf] cIf/ vfnL 7fpdF f nv] / gofF zAb kQf nufpm M

139

!)PsfO oftfoftsf
;fwgx¿

cfvF L‰ofn

Pp6f ljzi] ftf ldNg] ;jf/L ;fwg;Fu hf8] f ldnfpm . ltgLx¿df sg'
ljz]iftf ldN5 < eg M

efiff aur} F f – #

140

!kf7 3f8] f

– bfdf]b/ k'8f;g} L ‘lszf/] ’

s'bLsb' L lx8F \5' d t ;a n]sa]F;L
pwF f] pFef] u/L lxF85\ ' g'gt]n vk] L
dflg;sf] ;fyL d t /y tfGg ;S5'
;w}F x'G5' hfuF l/nf] ta]nfdf a:5' .

lx8F g\ ;s] lx8F ltdL g;s] d af]S5'
ltdLnfO{ af]sLaf]sL d t 6fk 7fS] 5'
dn} ] lhtF] ;;+ f/sf 7n" f7"nf o4'
o4' rflxF /fdf| ] xf]Og aGg'k5{ a4'  .
zAb / c {y
efiff a }u Frf – #
cFWof/f] xf;] \, pHofnf] xf;] \, gf£5' 8f8F fsf8F f
;Dd dfq lxF8g\ ] xf]Og kG5fpF5' sfF8f
dVv k5'{ ltdL dnfO{ lbG5f} eg] bfgf
lbPgf} t 5bF } 5 lg 3f;F k/fn vfgf .

d/] f klg x'G5g\ bfh} ltd|} h:tf aRrf
5n5fd gu/]/} sfd u5{g\ ;Rrf

a]F;L – kxf8sf] kmb] L o4' – n8fOF

v]kL – vf]k]/, cf;] f/ k;f/ u/]/ bfgf – ufO{j:t'nfO{ lbg] cGg

/y – 3f8] fn] tfGg] rf/ kfª\u]| ;jf/L;fwg 6fk – 3f]8fsf] v/'

5n5fd – em' Sofpg] sfd ;Rrf – ;fFrf], h:tf] x'gk' g{] p:t}

141

zAb / c {yxfdf| afh]a/fh' t lx8F \y] r/Lr/L
nufdn] afFWof} dnfO{ aGwgdf kf/L .

kf6g / vse{ l/ rg{ kfP xG' Yof]
;a}nfO{ v';L kf/L dg{ kfP x'GYof] .

a/fh' – xh'/afsf af
kf6g – cUnfcUnf kxf8sf aLrdf ePsf] ;Dd 3f;F ] d}bg
aGwg – afWF g] sfd
vs{ – ufO{j:t' r/fpg afFemf] /flvPsf] hUuf

z4' pRrf/0f

lbPsf zAb ;'g / eg M

efiff aur} F f – # sb' L a;]F L ;w}F ;+;f/ cWF of/f]

8fF8fsf8F f afWF of} ;Rrf aGwg vs{

afw] / cleJolQm

!= kf7sf] sljtf no xfn]/ k9 .

@= lbPsf kZ| gsf] pQ/ eg M
s= 3f8] f stfstf sb'F 5\ <
v= 3f8] f sxfF a:5 <
u= 3f]8fn] ss] ] vfG5 <

142

3= 3f]8fsf aRrf s;/L sfd u5g{ \ < efiff au} Frf – #
ª= 3f8] f sxfFsxfF r5{ <

#= lbPsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ n]v M
s= 3f]8fn] ss] ] sfd u5{ <
v= 3f]8fn] s] ug{ rfxs] f] 5 <
u= 3f8] fn] slxns] lxn] sfd u5{ <
3= 3f8] fsf afa' a/fh] s] uy]{ <

$= kbj|md ldnfP/ nv] M
pbfx/0f M lx8F g\ ;s] lxF8 ltdL, g;s] d af]S5' .
ltdL lx8F \g ;s] lxF8, g;s] d af]S5' .
s= ltdLnfO{ afs] Lafs] L d t 6fk 7f]S5' .
v= d/] f klg x'G5g\ bfh} ltd}| h:tf aRrf .
u= 5n5fd gu/]/} sfd u5{g\ ;Rrf .
3= s'bLs'bL lxF85\ ' d t ;a n]s a];F L .
ª= xfdf| afha] /fh' t lx8F \y] r/Lr/L .

%= lbPsf x/kmaf6 s] a‰' of} < n]v M
d}n] lhtF] ;;+ f/sf 7"nf7"nf o4'
o4' rflxF /fd|f] xf]Og aGg'k5{ a4'

?

;fr] / eg M
dflg;n] 3f8] fnfO{ aGwgdf lsg kf/]sf] xfn] f <

143

efiff aur} F f – # >'lt n]vg
lbPsf kª\lQm ;'g / n]v M
cFWof/f] xf;] \, pHofnf] xf;] ,\ gf£5,' 8f8F fsf8F f
;Dd dfq lxF8\g] xf]Og kG5fpF5' sfF8f .

z'4 n]vg
lbPsf zAb kf7 x]//] z4' agfO{ sfkLdf n]v M
lx85\ ' ;w}
sf8f pwf]
pef ] kG5fp5'
afWof} cWof/f]
8f8f hful/nf]

zAbe08f/
!= kf7af6 cfsf/ -f_ nfus] f b;j6f zAb vf]h]/ n]v M
pbfx/0f M 3f]8f, ;fyL

144

@= ;d"xdf gldNg] zAbdf ufn] f] 3/] f nufpm M

s= df6] / ;fOsn 6o\ fS;L 3f8] f
v= kfª\u|f as]| 6fk kfpbfgL
u= 3fF; sf8F f k/fn bfgf
3= kf6g vs { ufpF a];F L
ª= 8fF8f 3fF; sfF8f vfgf

#= lbPsf zAb /fvL jfSo k"/f u/ M tan] f

k/fn dVv ;fyL aGwg efiff au} Frf – #

s= 3f]8f dflg;sf] ================= xf] .
v= 3f]8f ================= df a:5 .
u= 3f]8fn] 3fF; ================= vfG5 .
3= 3f8] f bfgf vfg kfpbF f ================ k5 { .
ª= dflg;n] 3f]8fnfO{ ================= df kf/] .

n]vg cEof;

cg'n]vg

kf7sf] t;] f| ] Znf]s h:tfsf] To:t} ;f/ .

145

efiff aur} F f – # l;h{gfTds nv] g

lrqdf /Ë e/ / lrqsf af/d] f kfFr jfSo nv]

!= ========================================================================
@= ========================================================================
#= ========================================================================
$= ========================================================================
%= ========================================================================

146

@kf7 ;fOsn

d ;fOsn x' F . ddfly
r9]/ dfG5]x¿ Ps 7fpaF f6
csf{] 7fpFdf hfG5g\ . dn} ]
dfG5n] fO{ ofqf ug{ ;lhnf]
agfPsf] 5 ' . d oftfoftsf
c¿ ;fwgeGbf a9L
k|of]u xG' 5' . d]/f bO' {j6f
kfª\uf| 5g \ . d]/f kfª\u|f
df]6/sf h:tf df]6f 5}gg\ . d]/f b'O{j6f kfªu\ |feGbf dfly aLrsf]
efudf l;6 5 . dnfO{ dfG5]n] ToxL l;6df a;/] u'8fp5F g\ . ddfly
b'O{ hgf dfG5] c6fpF5g \ . d s]6fs]6Lsf nflu tLgkfª\u]| ag]sf] 5 ' .

d]/f bO' {j6f kfª\u|fnfO{ kmnfdsf] 8G8Ln] hf8] ]sf] 5 . d]/f]
XoflG8ndf bO' j{ 6f as|] 5g \ . d]/f] afofFlt/sf] a|]sn] k5fl8sf]
kfªu\ |f] /f]S5 . d/] f] bfoflF t/sf] as|] n] cufl8sf] kfªu\ |f] /f]S5 .
bfoflF t/sf] as]| glhs} Pp6f 3G6L klg /flvPsf] 5 . 3G6L ahfPkl5
cufl8 lx8F g\ ] dfG5n] ] af6f] 5f]l8lbG5g \ .

d/] f kfªu\ f| sf] aLrdf b'j}lt/ kg{] u/L kfpbfgL /flvPsf] 5 . dfG5]n]
zAb / c {y
efiff a }u Frf – #
ofqf – ed| 0f, Ps 7fpaF f6 csf]{ 7fpFdf hfg] sfd

oftfoft – ;jf/L ;fwg ;fwg – cfjZos ;fdfg

XoflG8n – ;fOsnsf] cufl8 /x]sf] ;dfTg] efu

147

uf]8fn] ToxL kfpbfgL 3'dfP/ dnfO{ u'8fpF5g\ . kfpbfgLsf]
aLrb]lv kl5Nnf] kfª\uf| sf] w'/f;Dd kmnfdsf] l;jm| L hf]l8Psf] 5 .
d]/f kfª\u|fnfO{ w/' fn] c8\ofpF5  . d]/f kfªu\ f| c8\ofpg l:6nsf] rSsf
/flvPsf] 5 . rSsfdf l:6nsf 5:] sfx¿ klg 5g \ . ltgnfO{ …ltNnLÚ
elgG5 . 5:] sfnfO{ klg kfª\u|fsf] w'/fl;t hfl] 8Psf] 5 .

dnfO{ s'g} OGwg rflxFbg}  . d wj' fF kmflNbg F . d k|b"if0fdQ' m 5 ' .
d 7"nf7"nf 9'Ëf / vfN8f ePsf] 7fpdF f u8' \g ;lSbg F . dnfO{ ;Dd
k/s] f] af6fd] f u8' \g ;lhnf] nfU5 . l/S;f, df6] /;fOsn, :s'6/ d/] f
ljsl;t ¿k x'g\ . dnfO{ ljZjel/sf dfG5]n] k|of]u u/]sf 5g\ .
d g]kfnsf] t/fO{ If]qdf a9L u'8\5' . dnfO{ ;g\ !*#( df Dofs
ldngn] hGdfPsf xg' \ . pgL :s6NofG8sf gful/s lyP .

efiff aur} F f – # zAb / c {y kfpbfgL – uf8] f /fVg] 7fpF OGwg – zlQm pTkfbg ug{] j:t'
k|b"if0f – kmfx] f/] dn} f km}nfpg ] ;Dd – ;dy/
ljsl;t – ljsf; ePsf ] gful/s – hgtf

z'4 pRrf/0f

lbPsf zAb ;'g / eg M

oftfoft ko| fu] kfªu\ f| 8G8L k|b"if0f
If]q ljZj l;j|mL Dofs ldng s]Gb|

148

afw] / cleJolQm

!= hf]8f ldnfpm M k5fl8sf] kfª\u|f /f]Sg]
cufl8sf] kfª\uf| /fS] g]
bfofF as]| kfªu\ |f c8o\ fpg]
afofF as|] ;fOsn u'8fpg]
kfpbfgL u'8\g ;lhnf] kfg]{
l:6nsf] rSsf
kmnfdsf] 8G8L cufl8sf] / k5fl8sf] kfª\uf| hf8] g\ ]

kmnfdsf] l;j|mL

@= 7Ls eP -ü_ lrXg / a7] Ls eP -û_ lrXg nufpm M efiff au} Frf – #

s= ;fOsnsf kfª\u|f df]6/sf h:tf x'G5g\ .
v= 3G6L ahfPkl5 cufl8 lxF8g\ n] ] af6f] 5fl] 8lbG5g \ .
u= ;fOsnnfO{ /f]Sg l;j|mLsf] ko| f]u ul/G5 .
3= dflg;n] kfpbfgLdf uf]8f /fv]/ ;fOsn u8' fpF5g\ .

ª= ;fOsn rnfpg OGwg rflxG5 .

#= ldNg] pQ/ 5fgL n]v M

s= ;fOsnn] s] ug{ ;lhnf] agfPsf] 5 <

c= ofqf ug { cf= vn] vN] g O= ;fdfg af]Sg

v= ;fOsndf slt hgf c6fpF5g\ <

c= b'O { cf= tLg O= rf/

u= dfG5]n] ;fOsn /f]Sg ss] f] ko| f]u u5{g\ <

c= a]|s cf= kfpbfgL O= XoflG8n

3= dflg;n] ;fOsn s;/L u'8fp5F g\ <

c= kfpbfgLdf uf8] f /fv/]

cf= a|]s nufP/ O= 3G6L ahfP/

149