Drill Manual A basic guide to the Drill movements of the Boys’ Brigade A Publication of the Boys’ Brigade in Malaysia 2005
Drill Manual PUBLISHED BY THE BOYS’ BRIGADE IN MALAYSIA BRIGED PUTERA MALAYSIA 2005 Compiled and Published by Mr. Joseph Tin Kiew Seng, Brigade Drill Chairman for 2005/2007 The Boys’ Brigade in Malaysia Briged Putera Malaysia First Edition 1986 Second Edition 2000 Third Edition 2005 The Boys’ Brigade in Malaysia 5, Jalan Anak Gasing 6/5 46000 Petaling Jaya Selangor Darul Ehsan, MALAYSIA Tel : 03-7784 4262 Fax : 03-7784 4323 E-mail : [email protected]
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual CONTENTS Page PREFACE iv DRILL AWARDS SYLLABUS Basic Level & Advanced Level v Instructorship Certificate vi CHAPTER 1 – The Purpose and Place of Drill in the BB The Purpose of Drill 1 The Effect on the Member, The Result & The Place of Drill 2 CHAPTER 2 – Definitions & Keys Definitions 3 Keys 4 CHAPTER 3 – Notes to Instructors Teaching Drill 5 The Company Drill Program 7 Advanced Drill 8 Special Activities 8 Simple Drill Theory 9 The Directing Flank 11 Words of Command 12 CHAPTER 4 – Basic Drill Basic Positions – Sedia, Senang diri, Rehatkan diri 15 Dressing & Covering– Lurus ke kanan / kiri lurus, Pandang depan 19 Turnings & Inclinings – Kanan / Kiri / Belakang pusing 23 Falling Out – Keluar Baris / Bersurai 26 Marking Time – Hentak kaki 26 Stepping to the Side – Langkah ke sebelah kanan / kiri / depan / belakang 28 Marching & Halting – Cepat / Perlahan Jalan, Berlari 29 Changing Step – Tukar langkah 35 Turnings & Inclinings (on the march) – Kanan / Kiri / Belakang pusing 36 Wheeling – Ke kiri / kanan – Belok 39 Call for Announcement – Tiga barisan di hadapan saya 40 CHAPTER 5 – Basic Squad Drill Falling-In – Sizing a Squad 41 Open Order & Close Order – Buka / Tutup barisan 44 Changing Direction when in Line – Tukar haluan ke kiri / kanan – Tukar 45 Changing Direction when in Column of Threes – Ke kiri / kanan – Belok 48 Forming Squad – Di sebelah kiri / kanan jadikan – Skuad 48 Marching in Single File – Jadikan satu barisan 51 CHAPTER 6 – Paying Compliments Saluting to the Front – Hormat ke hadapan 53 Saluting on the March – Hormat ke kanan / kiri /hadapan 54 Eyes Right / Left – Pandang kanan / kiri 56 Marching Past 56 Dismissing – Bersurai 56 Reporting & Receiving Awards 57 Caps Off – Buka Topi 59 Rules for Saluting 59 ii
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual CHAPTER 7 – The Company Parade Fall-In 61 Fall-Out & Dismissal 65 Uniform Inspection 67 CHAPTER 8 – Ceremonial Drill Colour Bearer – Basic Positions 69 The Colour Party – Kumpulan Panji-panji 73 Dress Code 75 Company Inspection & Display – Guard of Honour without Colour Party 76 Company Inspection & Display – Guard of Honour with Colour Party 79 Uncasing & Casing the Colour 80 March Past & Guard of Honour 90 Forming Two & Three Ranks – Jadikan dua / tiga barisan 91 Cane Drill 93 CHAPTER 9 – Advanced Drill Definitions 96 Falling-In 97 Positions and Duties of Section Commanders 99 CHAPTER 10 – Advanced Drill Movements A. Company acting as one unit Company in Line Advancing 101 Company in Line Retiring 101 Company in Line Moving to a Flank 101 Company in Line Changing Direction 102 Company in Column of Threes Moving to a Flank in Line 103 Company in Column of Threes Forming Line Facing the Same Direction 103 B. Sections acting independently Company in Line Forming Column of Sections Facing a Flank 104 Company in Line Forming Column of Sections Facing the Same Direction 105 Company in Line Advancing in Column of Sections 106 Company in Column of Threes Forming Column of Sections Facing the Same Direction 107 Company Moving in Column of Threes Forming Column of Sections Facing a Flank 107 Company Moving in Column of Threes Moving to a flank in Column of Sections 108 Company in Column of Sections Forming Line Facing a Flank 109 Company in Column of Sections Forming Line Facing the Same Direction 110 Company in Column of Sections Moving to a Flank in Column of Threes 111 Company Moving in Column of Sections Changing Direction 112 APPENDIX I APPENDIX II APPENDIX III APPENDIX IV APPENDIX V ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual PREFACE This third edition of the Drill Manual, revised and expanded, covers the theory and practical of elementary, basic and advanced Drill movements for the need of officers and Members of The Boys’ Brigade in Malaysia. No book is of any use unless it is read and you should read it carefully and to practice it. This book is also published with the desire to achieve a form of standardization of Drill at the Brigade level. It is possible for Companies to cover all the lessons in this book as suggested in the Drill program planning. However, it should be stressed that the standard of Drill attained is more important than the number of movements performed. The Drill program should be progressive in order to achieve maximum result. Every Company should conduct InterSquad, Inter Company Drill competition at least once a year so as to maintain and upgrade standard, thus giving opportunities for NCOs and Squad Leaders to exercise and develop their leadership. Companies should realize the importance of Drill in BB Training, for discipline is one of the twin pillars of the Brigade and discipline is found on Drill. I hope this edition will prove to be helpful for your Company use. Mr. Joseph Tin Kiew Seng Brigade Drill Chairman 2005/2007 The Boys’ Brigade in Malaysia iv
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual DRILL AWARD SYLLABUS The assessment will be based on personal bearing and smartness, correct detailing and correct words of command. BASIC LEVEL 1. Written or oral examination based on the following sections of the Drill Manual: a) The Purpose and Place of Drill in the BB Chapter 1 b) Definitions Chapter 2 c) Drill Theory Chapter 3 d) Words of Command Chapter 3 e) Method of Instructions Chapter 3 f) Elementary Drill Chapter 4 g) Squad Drill Chapter 5 h) Paying Compliments Chapter 6 i) The Company Parade Chapter 7 2. Practical ability in performing and teaching: a) All elementary Drill movements correctly. b) All Squad Drill movements correctly. c) All commands for the sizing and Company Parade movements correctly. 3. Attendance must be 80% and above. The passing mark is 60%. ADVANCED LEVEL Awarded to Members who hold the Basic award gained in previous session and who have passed the following examinations based on the Drill Manual. 1. Written or oral examination on Drill movements for Colour Party and The Guard of Honour. 2. Written or oral examination on Advanced Drill. 3. Practical abilities in performing and teaching all the Advanced Drill movements correctly: a) Falling In. b) Positions and Duties of Section Commanders. c) Company acting as one unit. d) Sections acting independently. 4. Written or oral examination based on the entire contents of the Drill Manual and the ability to work out the Drill Training Program for the Company. 5. Attendance must be 80% and above. The passing mark is 60%. v
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual INSTRUCTORSHIP CERTIFICATE 1. Awarded to Members and Officers who have obtained several years of teaching Drill in the Senior Section. The person would have to be assessed on the following: 2. Written examination on Basic and Advanced Drill. 3. Practical abilities in performing and teaching Basic and Advanced Drill movements correctly. 4. Designing the Drill Training Program for the Company. 5. Attendance at the Company parade must be at least 80%. The passing mark is 60%. vi
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 1 CHAPTER 1 THE PURPOSE AND PLACE OF DRILL IN THE BOYS’ BRIGADE “Drill is essential to discipline. Discipline is essential for the furtherance of the great object of the BB. Drill has to be of the highest order and efficiency and it is necessary for each Officer to make himself thoroughly proficient in drill… The tightening up of discipline in most Companies will be appreciated by the Boys themselves…” – Captain Arthur Donaldson, 54th (Dalry) Company, 1925 It is important that the real aim of drill in the BB should be realized by all Officers. Drill is not an end in itself, but together with the Religious Instruction and other Company activities, is a means of furthering the BB Object. Nevertheless, the value of drill in the Brigade must not be overlooked or minimized. THE PURPOSE OF DRILL Drill basically has a threefold purpose: 1. TO PROMOTE HABITS OF a) OBEDIENCE AND DISCIPLINE. These habits are essential in the training of members, and they can be almost subconsciously acquired by means of good drill. b) SELF-RESPECT. This is necessary in many ways. Drill and uniform are amongst the finest methods of promoting it. c) SELF CONTROL. Through drill, a member is helped to become master of his/her own eyes, tongue and hands, and eventually his/her whole body, mind and spirit. d) CONCENTRATION. Good drill required absolute concentration, and this can be of great value in later life. e) PHYSICAL BEARING. Although drill is not intended to replace Physical Education and Recreation, it is a valuable help in promoting an erect and upright bearing. 2. TO DEVELOP LEADERSHIP The young NCO often finds it difficult to exercise leadership and gain respect. With the natural leadership, which is encouraged at drill as Squad or Section Commander, discipline can become easier. Drill can also provide a valuable opportunity for the Staff Sergeant or Officer to exercise and develop his leadership, if this opportunity is rightly and wisely used.
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 2 3. TO ENCOURAGE COMPANY ESPRIT-DE-CORPS This expression had been defined as “Pride in a unit, which makes a member ashamed to bring discredit to it, and makes him/her ready to sacrifice for it.” Drill helps to build up this spirit. It is not an individual activity, in that no Member alone can shine at Drill, but one individual can, however, spoil the whole Drill Squad or the Company. In Drill, there is no personal satisfaction for a Member except the knowledge that he has done his best for the Company – and that is enough. THE EFFECT ON THE MEMBER When it is presented and carried out well, Drill can be attractive to the Member. He can find it interesting, but even when he grows older and this interest may wane a little, he will be prepared to do something he may not really want to, for the sake of the Company. However, it must be realized that the member comes to Drill to be drilled, and these results will never be obtained by just marching round the hall, or by casual and sloppy drill. THE RESULT It is often been proved that a Company which is good at drill is good at most other things. The result can be felt in all Company activities, the general atmosphere and spirit of the Company, and the overall discipline. The result can also be seen in the Bible Class, and Bible Class attendances often go up with the Drill attendance and standard. THE PLACE OF DRILL It must be realized, however, that the success of a Company does not depend just on its Drill Parade, and in view of the fact that many Companies meet only once or twice per week, and there are a great number of other valuable activities to be fitted in, the amount of time spent on Drill may be less than in years gone by. It is, however, the quality of the drill and the ability and enthusiasm of the instructor that really count. Good drill promotes the habits mentioned in the BB Object, loyalty to the Company and the Officer as its leader. That loyalty may then be directed through the habit of reverence, promoted at Bible Class or other religious instruction, to true Christian manliness, and the advancement of Christ’s Kingdom.
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 3 CHAPTER 2 DEFINITIONS ALIGNMENT Any straight line on which a body of Members is formed, or is to form X X RANK Members side by side on the same alignment. INTERVAL The lateral space between Members on the same alignment. DRESSING Taking up alignment correctly. SINGLE FILE A single rank of Members turned to a flank. FRONTAGE The extent of ground covered laterally by any body of Members. SQUAD IN LINE Three ranks of Members, front centre and rear with one pace distance between ranks. SQUAD IN COLUMN OF THREES A squad in line turned to a flank, i.e. threes one behind the other. COVERING The act of one member placing himself directly in rear of member in front. A FILE Members, one behind the other, i.e. a front rank member and the centre and rear rank Members behind him.
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 4 BLANK FILE A file without a centre rank member or without both centre and rear rank Members. It will always be the second file from the left when a squad is initially fallen-in. DEPTH The ground occupied by a body of Members from front to rear. DISTANCE The space between the ranks of a unit measured from the heels of one rank to the heels of the next. GUIDE (MARKER) The member on the directing flank responsible for maintaining step, direction and distance. DIRECTING FLANK The flank by which units march or dress. OUTER FLANK The flank which is not the directing flank. Directing Flank Marker Outer Flank KEYS Company Captain Lieutenant, Warrant Officer, Commander, Instructor Staff Sergeant, Colour Sergeant Major Duty NCO Side Sergeant 1, No.1 Section Commander Side Sergeant 2, No.2 Section Commander Guide (Marker) Members in the front rank, or a general (non-specific) rank Members in the centre rank Members in the rear rank Primer Junior Pre-Junior
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 5 CHAPTER 3 NOTES TO INSTRUCTORS “Troops who march in an irregular and disorderly manner are always in great danger of being defeated.” – Vegetius: De Re Militari: A.D. 378 A. TEACHING DRILL 1. THE INSTRUCTOR All BB Companies use the same Drill Book. Any differences in standard, enthusiasm, etc., can therefore be attributed to different instructors and the ways in which they put across their instruction. To become a first-class Drill instructor, the following points should be borne in mind: a) Be convinced yourself of the value and place of Drill in the BB (Chapter 1). b) Be confident. This will come only with knowledge: you should therefore study and really get to know the Drill Book. c) Be prepared. Don’t leave it to chance, but prepare each Drill period thoroughly. d) Be enthusiastic. Nothing is more infectious than enthusiasm. e) Be smart. Members will follow your example. f) Be interesting. Make Drill progressive and attractive. g) Be sympathetic. Remember that you are primarily teaching Members, and only secondarily teaching Drill. Understand their point of view. 2. HINTS TO INSTRUCTORS a) In all essential details (e.g. words of command) follow the Drill Book exactly. In general explanations etc., put it across in your own way and words, but introduce Members to the standard Drill terminology. Use the sequence: Explanation Tell briefly and clearly what is to be done. Demonstration Show how it should be done. Execution Get the Members to do it. Practice Get them to do it again until they are sure of it. The first two may often be combined, but always remember the importance of demonstration: Members learn much more easily through the eye than ear. Proceed as soon as possible to “Execution” since Members are easily bored by inactivity. You may allow question time after demonstration in case of doubt. However, they seldom or will not ask. NOTE: When Drilling a Squad, stand at Sedia position.
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 6 b) In the early stages, use a simple teaching formation, e.g. c) When explaining or demonstrating any movement, stand the Squad at Rehatkan Diri, and feel free to be informal at this stage, without, of course, losing bearing or dignity. d) In teaching Elementary Drill, encourage the Members to call out the time. Some examples are given in the book; others may be introduced at your discretion. e) Use a progressive sequence where possible, working from the simplest to the more difficult methods of carrying out movements. f) Use both flanks wherever possible, e.g. Changing Direction in line can be carried out in four ways: Front rank in front. Changing direction right. Front rank in front. Changing direction left. Rear rank in front. Changing direction right. Rear rank in front. Changing direction left. Allow every Member to take turns trying out different positions in order to acquire the necessary experience and confidence. g) At all stages, from a new member’s first Drill session onwards, look out for, and correct faults, otherwise wrong habits will be formed, and these are difficult to break. By this means also, the general standard will be raised, and a sense of achievement attained. h) Many Drill training courses are run at local and Brigade level, and a real effort should be made to attend one of these.
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 7 3. QUALITIES OF A GOOD COMMANDER a) Clarity & Volume: The Squad should be able to hear the timer's voice loudly and clearly regardless of the size of the Squad. It is practical to situate a timer in the middle of a Squad or have two timers situated at each end of a large Squad. b) Constancy: The timer must give constant timings according to the required time, pace and regulation pause. Inconsistent timing will only serve to confuse the Squad. c) Sharpness: Just as good commands lead to good Drill, sharp and accurate timing will also allow the Squad to perform better Drill. Timing during instruction: When a Drill is first taught to a Squad, the whole Squad should be made to call out the time loudly and clearly. This is for two reasons: Every member has the timing for the Drill fixed in his head. The Squad learns to act together. Timing of Marching Pace: It has been noticed that different Companies have different styles of timing marching pace. It is imperative that the timing for quick time is in compliance with the BBM Drill Standard which is "Left, Right, Left, Right, Left, Right, Left" or "Left, (pause), Left, (pause), Left, Right, Left", where the pace is 120 times per minute. During parades, the timing for marching pace is usually given by the bass drum of the band. B. THE COMPANY DRILL PROGRAMME Before the commencement of each session, the Drill program for each week should be carefully planned. It is not good enough to leave this to chance, or to prepare each week’s program on the way to the Company parade ground! Each new session will bring new Members, and their Drill training should be considered one of the most important aspects of their training. It is essential that new Members should not be rushed through their Elementary Drill, and transfer to the Senior Drill Squad too soon. Even in small Companies, first year Members should be kept together as a separate Drill Squad for at least three months, and in most cases, a full year/session. This enables them to fully understand and be competent in their Basic Drill, before joining in the more advanced and combined movements carried out by the older Members. For the new Members, the Elementary Drill section of this book should be steadily worked through over the first period of about three months, other talks, competitions, quizzes, etc, being added to maintain interest. A weekly Drill period of 30 minutes should be sufficient provided the lessons are taught properly and accurately. Each period should consist of three parts:- 1. Revision of previous week’s movements. 2. Teaching of new materials. 3. Practice, coordinating the new material with the old.
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 8 All Companies are required to undertake Basic Drill, and should allow sufficient time to reach a good standard. Companies should aim to progress to Advanced Drill once the principles of Basic Drill have been understood and mastered by the Members. (Refer to Appendix IV) C. ADVANCED DRILL This is purely and simply a logical and progressive step forward from Basic Drill, and is not as difficult as some people imagine! All Drill instructors should study the Advanced Drill section of this book, and when they fully understand it, should consider its introduction to the Company at least on certain Drill evenings. Apart from the obvious point of providing additional material to prevent the Members from becoming bored, the main advantage of Advanced Drill is that it makes a great deal of use of NCOs and Seniors, in the commanding of individual sections into which the Company is divided. Not all the movements should be covered in one session. A few simple ones can be selected the first year, and others added in later years, thus again adding to the interest and ensuring progression. D. SPECIAL ACTIVITIES Different ways of carrying out BB Drill can be worked out, and an occasional use of some of these will be great help in stimulating the Members’ interest, and maintaining as high as possible a standard in Drill. Drill instructors will no doubt be able to think of ideas for themselves, and anything which adds to the enthusiasm of the Members, and enables them to get the most out of their Drill, without cutting across the basic material in this Drill Book is worth including. The following examples may be of interest to indicate the sort of things which can be done. i) Inter-Squad Drill Competitions Introduce once or twice a year. Two or three weeks before the competition day, NCOs are allowed to Drill their own Squads. On the competition day, a simply Squad Drill paper (e.g. in single rank) is carried out by each Squad, and an Officer from a neighbouring Company may be invited to judge. ii) Sequence Drill A Squad works to a set sequence of movements, memorized by each member, and carried out without commands. iii) Drill Down Contest Members should not respond/react to wrong commands. It is a training ground to test their alertness and concentration to words of commands given by a commander.
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 9 E. SIMPLE DRILL THEORY As in any other subject, before the real practical aspects can be appreciated, a certain amount of simple theory must be understood. The following should be carefully studied by an instructor before taking Drill at any stage, and this elementary theory should be introduced gradually to the Members. 4. Basic Foundations of Drill There are two fundamental things concerning every Drill movement: FORMATION The particular arrangement of Members in the Squad. DIRECTION The way which the Squad is facing. a) FORMATION There are two basic formations in Squad Drill: i) LINE ii) COLUMN OF THREES b) DIRECTION A Squad may be moved in four different ways: i) “Skuad akan mara, dari kanan, cepat – JALAN” *This command can be used only once, from the halt, only for Squad in line facing front. Normally, the preliminary will be dropped in one alignment Drill. ii) “Skuad akan menghadap ke belakang, ke belakang – PUSING. Dari kiri, cepat – JALAN” *If the Squad were to turn about again on the march, the following command shall be used: “Skuad akan menghadap ke hadapan, ke belakang – PUSING. Dari kanan.” iii) “Bergerak ke kanan, bertiga-tiga, ke kanan – PUSING. Dari kiri, cepat – JALAN” iv) “Bergerak ke kiri, bertiga-tiga, ke kiri – PUSING. Dari kanan, cepat – JALAN” *The command line “bertiga-tiga” is only applicable for a Squad of three ranks. The alternative command for any number of ranks shall be: “Bergerak ke kiri / kanan, dalam ___ barisan, ke kiri / kanan – PUSING. Dari kanan / kiri, cepat – JALAN” These commands are always used irrespective of the particular formation in which the Squad is at any time. Members should be taught that the first part of the command (the Preliminary Caution) is merely a means of warning them which way they are to be turned. NOTE: The appropriate directing flank must always be given immediately prior to the command “Cepat – JALAN”.
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 10 All Drill is based on these two foundations, and the instructor and Members should at all times be aware of the formation and direction concerned. Drill consists of maintaining or changing one or both of these two foundations, as will be seen from the following examples. i) Maintain formation: maintain direction Start Finish “Skuad akan mara, dari kanan, cepat – JALAN” ii) Maintain formation: change direction Start Finish “Tukar haluan ke kanan dan berhenti – TUKAR. Cepat – JALAN” iii) Change formation: maintain direction Start Finish “Dan berhenti di sebelah kiri, jadikan – SKUAD. Cepat – JALAN” iv) Change formation: change direction Start Finish “Bergerak ke kanan, bertiga-tiga, ke kanan – PUSING”
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 11 F. THE DIRECTING FLANK The directing flank – “the flank by which units march or dress” – is usually determined by the Marker (No.1 of the front rank), and it is therefore essential for the instructor to know which member occupies this position. The Following diagrams illustrate the various alternatives: DARI KANAN DARI KIRI DARI KANAN DARI KIRI In the course of Drill movements, therefore, there may be frequent changes of the directing flank, and the words “Dari kiri/kanan” must be included in the command, to let the Members know by which flank to dress. NOTE: The only exception to this rule occurs when changing direction to the outer flank on the march. Obviously, it is advisable to temporarily change the directing flank to the other flank before giving the rest of the command. Examples: i) “Dari kanan, tukar haluan ke kanan, ke kanan – BELOK” *This command only applies for Squad in Column formation. ii) “Dari kiri, tukar haluan ke kiri dan berhenti – TUKAR” In all these cases, as soon as the particular movement is completed, the original directing flank is restored by giving the command “Dari kiri/kanan”.
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 12 G. WORDS OF COMMAND Good Drill is impossible unless clear and correct words of command are given. 5. Whilst a more informal approach may be used during detail explanation, the Sedia position should always be adopted when giving a command. 6. Commands should be given clearly and sufficiently loud. There is no need to shout as loudly as possible. 7. All words of command consists of three parts: PRELIMINARY - which prepares the Members for the movement to be (Introductory) performed. CAUTION - which tells the Members what to do. EXECUTIVE - which tells them when to do it. Example: Ke Kanan Pusing (Right Turn) Preliminary - “Bergerak ke kanan, bertiga-tiga,” Caution - “ke kanan – ” Executive - “PUSING” The caution should be given deliberately and clearly, which can be extended (dragged) when necessary. The executive should be given in a short sharp tone to encourage a smart and immediate response. A slightly higher pitch should also be used for the executive. 8. Certain one-word commands like “SEDIA”, “GERAK”, “PUSING”, “MAJU”, “JALAN”, “HENTI”, and “BILANG”, are not hyphenated and should be given as though they were mono-syllabic (one syllabi). 9. “SEMULA” (As you were) is a command that enables a Squad to resume its previous position when it has acted incorrectly to a command. 10. “SKUAD” (Squad) should only be used as an executive command to bring a Squad from the position of “Rehatkan Diri” to “Senang Diri” and the “Jadikan – SKUAD” (Forming Squad). In any other cases, it shall remain as a preliminary including teaching by the numbers, e.g. “Skuad – SATU”, “Skuad – HENTI”, “Skuad akan menghadap ke hadapan / belakang, ke belakang – PUSING” and “Skuad – SEDIA”.
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 13 It should not be used freely as cautions before every other command: it should be incorrect to say “Skuad, dari kanan – BILANG” or “Skuad, senang – DIRI” or “Skuad, cepat – JALAN” 11. “AWAS” (Watch the front) is not a command. However, it is usually used by the Commander to call his Squad to get ready for movement from “Rehatkan Diri” to “Senang Diri”. Example: “AWAS” – Rehatkan Diri position “SKUAD” – Senang Diri position 12. A standard length pause should always be made between the end of the caution and the executive. The length of the pause should be :- At the halt or in quick time – one pace in a quick time. In slow time – one pace in slow time. Below are examples of commands given in quick time (as a guide): 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. TIMING LEFT RIGHT LEFT RIGHT COMMANDS --- PUSING KE KANAN (PAUSE) TUKAR (PAUSE) LANGKAH CEPAT JALAN (PAUSE) CEPAT JALAN SKUAD (PAUSE) HENTI TUKAR (PAUSE) HALUAN TUKAR KE KIRI DI JADIKAN SEBELAH (PAUSE) KANAN SKUAD (PAUSE) PANDANG (PAUSE) KANAN --- BERJALAN TUKAR (PAUSE) LANGKAH TUKAR MASA LANGKAH All commands on the march must be given on the correct foot, e.g. Members Henti with their right foot (marking time) and therefore the command is also given on this foot. All other commands follow from these, e.g. Changing Direction when in Line. The detailed footwork carried out by Members in the Squad commences with a right turn on right incline, and the command “…ke kanan – TUKAR” (Right – FORM) is therefore given on the same foot as for the right turn, i.e. the left foot. (Refer to Appendix I and Appendix II)
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 14 13. The Check Pace When commands are given while the Squad is on the move (or marking time), the Squad will take an extra pace before proceeding with the new movement. This extra pace is called the “check pace” and allows the Squad to prepare for the movement. When teaching recruits, it will be helpful to halt them on the check pace before carrying on with the new movement so that they realize the importance of the check pace. NOTE: There will be no check pace for all movements in slow time except for “Marching Off from Slow Mark Time” (No.27 of Chapter 4). 14. Lifting the leg and stamping In most Drill movements, there is the necessity for “stamping” e.g. Sedia from Senang Diri, Dressing, Stepping to the side, Henti, Changing step, etc. This is done by lifting the leg (right or left as the case may be) until the thigh is horizontal, with the foot being horizontal with the ground, keeping the rest of the body straight as at the position of attention. The foot is then driven to the ground, the heel and the toe striking the ground at the same time. There should not be a pause between lifting the leg and stamping; both movements are done in one count. 15. Timing and Pauses (for turnings at the halt only) – In between each movement, there is a pause of one count. That is, each movement consists of three counts, the first being on the execution of the movement itself. (Refer to Appendix II) ONE TWO THREE Execution Pause Execution (first movement) (second movement) Example: “Ke kanan – PUSING” (Right turn) ONE TWO THREE Movement: TURN Pause STAMP with left foot Timing: SATU DUA SATU 16. Timing for counting – The timing for counting the pause is such that there will be 40 movements (120 counts/minute). 17. No turnings (right, left or about) while marking time.
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 15 Common faults: a) A strained position, restricting breathing. b) Bending forward and allowing the body to sag. c) Arms not straight and close to the side. d) Bending the hands at the wrists. e) Unsteadiness. f) Roving eyes g) Mouth not closed. h) Body not square to the front. i) Heels not together; feet not proper angle. Figure 4.1b Clenched fist CHAPTER 4 BASIC DRILL “Maintain discipline and caution above all things, and be on the alert to obey the word of command. It is both the noblest and the safest thing for a great army to be visibly animated by one spirit.” – Archidamus of Sparta, 431 B.C. A. BASIC POSITIONS 1. Sedia a) Heels together and in line; feet turned out at an angle of 30 degrees; legs straight; body erect and square to the front; b) arms hanging easily and as straight as the natural bend of the arm will allow; wrists straight [Figure 4.1a], c) hands clenched, knuckles outside; thumbs to the front, close to the fore-finger [Figure 4.1b], and immediately behind the seams of the trousers; d) head and eyes facing the front; the back of the neck touching the collar; e) eyes looking just above their own level; mouth closed; the weight of the body equally balanced on both feet. This position is of readiness in expectation for further commands. Figure 4.1a Sedia (Side) (Front) The thumb pointing straight with the forefinger in line with the thumb followed by enclosing the thumb. Sedia
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 16 2. Senang Diri The position of the body remains the same as in the position of Sedia, except that: a) the feet are placed *12 inches apart (measured from the centre of one heel to the centre of the other). The feet are turned out at an angle of 30 degrees. Senang Diri 12” b) The weight of the body rests equally on the both feet [Figure 4.2]. c) Place the hands behind the back, arms straight and pushed down as far as the body will allow without bending backwards. Place the right hand on the left hand, both palms facing outwards, with the thumbs interlocked and the fingers kept straight and close together. Figure 4.2 Senang Diri (Side) (Front) (Back) *When drilling the smaller Members, it is recommended that this distance (12 inches) be reduced to about 9 or 10 inches, depending on their heights. This command can be given irregardless of the direction the Squad is facing. Common faults: a) Feet not at proper angle and distance apart. b) Arms not straight and close to the body. c) Fingers not kept together.
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 17 Common faults: a) Tendency to be too relaxed and sluggish. b) Turning around, adjusting uniform, etc without a given order. c) Moving the feet. d) Bending the wrists. e) Elbows not in line with shoulders. f) Fingers not kept closed together. 3. Rehatkan Diri The position is the same as for Senang Diri except that the elbows are now bent so that the hands reach the belt [Figure 4.3]. (Back) Figure 4.3 Rehatkan Diri (Side) (Front) NOTE: The Rehatkan Diri position is for the Members to relax while still remaining smart and steady. Only with an order from the instructor or commander may they move their hands, adjust uniforms, etc., but they must not move their feet. This is to prevent loss of dressing. 4. Senang Diri daripada Rehatkan Diri Command: “SKUAD” At this command, the arms are instantly straightened and the Senang Diri position resumed. Common faults: a) Failure to straighten arms quickly and smartly. b) Moving the rest of the body.
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 18 Common faults: a) Bending the arms. b) Arms not taking the shortest route, thus leaving the sides with a “flapping” impression. c) Bending the body when moving d) Moving the wrong foot. e) Kicking back with left leg. f) Failure to raise the left leg to the correct level. 5. Sedia daripada Senang Diri Command: “Skuad – SEDIA” 5.1 Teaching by numbers a) “Sedia dengan nombor, skuad – SATU” The left leg is raised until the thigh is horizontal. The foot keeps horizontal with the ground. The arms are pulled to the side of the body by the shortest route; hands clenched. The body is now kept at the position of attention with exception of the left leg. b) “Skuad – DUA” Drive the left foot to the ground, the ball and the heel reaching the ground at the same time, to complete the position of attention. 5.2 Teaching by judging the time Timing: NOTE: The above two movements are done as one in quick time. There should be no pause between them. 6. Senang Diri daripada Sedia Command: “Senang – DIRI” 6.1 Teaching by numbers a) “Senang diri dengan nombor, skuad – SATU” The left leg is raised until the thigh is horizontal. The foot keeps horizontal with the ground. The arms remain at the side. b) “Skuad – DUA” Drive the left leg to the ground 12 inches from the right foot and the hands are placed behind the back, taking the shortest route, to resume the Senang Diri position. 6.2 Teaching by judging the time The movement is the same as for standing to Sedia, but this time the left foot is driven to the ground 12 inches from the right foot and immediately place the hands behind the back, taking the shortest route, to resume the Senang Diri position. SATU DUA Lift left leg and arms to the sides Stamps left foot on ground
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 19 Common faults: a) Same as for “Sedia daripada Senang Diri” b) Feet not at correct distance and angle. c) Movement of arms not done quickly and smartly. NOTE: The movements are done as one in quick time. There should be no pause between them. 7. Rehatkan Diri daripada Senang Diri Command: “Rehatkan – DIRI” Pull the hands up to the belt, thus bending the elbows on the fourth count. i.e. SATU, DUA, TIGA, EMPAT (REHAT) Common faults: a) Not pulling the hands quickly and smartly. b) Moving the rest of the body. NOTE: As this is the command with which the instructor or commander allows his Members to relax, there is a tendency for him to give it in a casual manner. This should not be the case. This command, as with all other commands, must be given correctly and smartly in proper manner. Movements from Senang Diri to Rehatkan Diri should also be done smartly instead of a sloppy manner. B. DRESSING and COVERING 8. Dressing Command: “Lurus ke kanan / kiri – LURUS” 8.1 Teaching by numbers a) “Lurus dengan nombor, ke kanan lurus – SATU” The marker (Penanda) stands fast. All except the right hand file Members will turn their heads to the right. In addition, the front rank Members (except the marker) extend their right arms in line with shoulders, hands clenched with the back of the hands upwards. The arm should horizontal and the knuckles just touching the shoulder of the Member on the right [Figure 4.4a & 4.5]. Figure 4.4a Right arm raised to the side, in line with shoulders
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 20 The right-hand Members of the centre and rear ranks raise their right arms in the same way but in front, so that the knuckles will just fail to touch the shoulder of the Member in front [Figure 4.4b]. Figure 4.4b Right arm raised to the front b) “Skuad – DUA” The marker stands fast. The rest will raise their left legs until the thighs are horizontal [Figure 4.11a], then drive the left feet to the ground and followed with the right legs in the same manner. Then the right hand file Members adjust their distances while the front rank Members adjust their intervals correctly. The rest will correct their dressing and covering with quick and short steps accordingly. A Member is in line with the rest of the Members on his right if he, while standing erect, can see only just the cheek of the immediate (next) Member on his right. He should also be in line with the Member in front. This is called covering (Refer to Chapter 2) and is done by quickly glancing, through the corners of his eyes, to the front while still keeping head turned to the right. Figure 4.5 Full-arm Interval NOTE: For left dress, heads turn to the left and the right legs will lift up first followed by the left legs in the same manner. This time, the left-hand Member of the front rank stand fast and Members behind him raise their left arms. Then correct dressing with quick and short steps. Common faults: a) Body not upright and square to the front. b) Arm bent and not horizontal; not in the same plane as the body, or not in line with shoulders. c) Shuffling and unnecessary movement.
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 21 c) “Pandang – DEPAN” Turn the heads to the front smartly and quickly and at the same time drop the arms to the side. Common faults: a) Turning head and dropping arm sluggishly. b) Slapping the side when dropping arm. 8.2 Teaching by judging the time Movement a) (turning the head) and b) (stamping left-right / hentak SATU, DUA) are done together with the correct pauses between, on the command: “Lurus ke kanan – LURUS” Action: Turn Stamp Left-Right Timing: SATU (PAUSE), DUA-TIGA, SATU, DUA (1 whole beat) (1 whole beat) (1.5 whole beat) Movement c) is only done on the second command: “Pandang – DEPAN” NOTE: On no account should the arms be bent. If space does not permit full-arm intervals, the Squad may be dressed at half-arm length interval [Figure 4.6a] with the command “Lurus separuh ke kanan – LURUS”, where the front rank Members will bend their arms at the elbows, and rest the fists in front of the chest and dress in the usual way. However, right-hand Members of the centre and rear ranks raise their right arms, and not bend them, so that the knuckles will just fail to touch the shoulder of the Member in front [Figure 4.4b]. To ensure good dressings, the upper arms must remain in line with shoulders even if the fists cannot reach the chest [Figure 4.6b]. Figure 4.6b Upper arm in line with shoulders Figure 4.6a Half-arm interval
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 22 If the Members’ intervals are smaller than a full-arm’s length before the execution of the Lurus (Dress), the front rank Member will raise their arms behind the backs of the Members on their right/left [Figure 4.7a] and then correct the interval on the second movement. This also applies for half-arm interval dressings where the elbows will be placed behind the backs of the Members on their right/left [Figure 4.7b]. Figure 4.7a Arm placed behind Figure 4.7b Elbow placed behind Arms (or elbows, for half-intervals) should never be raised higher or lower than their own shoulders’ height. When dressing to a taller Member, raise the arm to your own shoulders’ height and keep it at its full length, not bending it [Figure 4.8a]. Similarly, when dressing to a shorter Member, raise the arm fully so that the tip of the fore-finger is just above the shorter Member’s shoulder [Figure 4.8b], not over it. By doing so, the correct intervals are achieved. Figure 4.8a Figure 4.8b Dressing to a taller Member Dressing to a shorter Member Dressing can also be done from the centre, for proving Squad (e.g. “Lurus ke dalam – LURUS”). The right and left arms will be raised and the heads turned to the right and left respectively followed by the second movement.
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 23 Common faults: a) Body not straight and square to the new direction. b) Weight not to the right foot. c) Swinging of arms. d) Left foot not in proper position so that on bringing in the right foot, the angle formed is less than 30 degrees. e) Unsteadiness. C. TURNINGS and INCLININGS (At the Halt) 9. Turning to the Left or Right Command: “Ke kiri / kanan – PUSING” 9.1 Teaching by numbers a) “Berpusing dengan nombor, ke kiri pusing – SATU” Turn to the left, through an angle of 90 degrees on the left heel and right toe, keeping the knees straight and the weight of the body on the left foot [Figure 4.9a]. Keep the body straight and the arms by the side as in Sedia. The left foot should be flat on the ground and the right heel slightly raised; the right leg to the rear [Figure 4.9b]. Figure 4.9b Right heel slightly raised (Close-up view) Figure 4.9a Left turn b) “Skuad – DUA” The right leg is raised until the thigh is horizontal and the right foot driven to the ground so that the Sedia position is resumed in the new direction. 9.2 Teaching by judging the time a) Command: “Ke kiri – PUSING” The two movements are done together with the correct pauses in between. Before After 0 degrees 90 degrees to the left Common faults: a) Bending the body. b) Not raising the right foot high enough. c) Feet not in proper position. d) Turned through less than 90 degrees.
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 24 b) Command: “Ke kanan – PUSING” The movements are the same as for turning to the left, expect in the opposite, turning to the right through 90 degrees on the right heel and the left toe, and stamping with the left foot. Timing: (Refer to Chapter 3 No. 15 on page 14) 10. Turning about (to the back) Command: “Ke belakang – PUSING” 10.1 Teaching by numbers a) “Berpusing dengan nombor, ke belakang pusing – SATU” Turn in the same way as for Ke Kanan Pusing (Right Turn) in the clockwise direction, but this time through an angle of 180 degrees so that the left leg is twisted behind the right leg [Figure 4.10], with the right foot flat on the ground and the left heel slightly raised. The pauses between the movements remain the same. (Side, close-up view) Figure 4.10 About turn (Back, close-up view) Common faults: a) Turning counter-clockwise. b) Body not erect throughout. c) Unsteadiness. d) Tendency to bring in the left foot in the shortest way without first lifting the left leg until the thigh is horizontal.
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 25 b) “Skuad – DUA” The left leg is raised until the thigh is horizontal and the left foot driven to the ground so that the Sedia position is resumed in the new direction. 10.2 Teaching by judging the time Command: “Ke belakang – PUSING” The two movements are done together with the correct pauses in between. Timing: (Refer to Chapter 3 No. 15 on page 14) 11. Inclining to the Right or Left (Half-turns) Command: “Separuh ke kiri / kanan – PUSING” Turn through an angle of 45 degrees in the same way as for the Left/Right Turn. The dressing in Separuh ke kanan (Right Incline) position is such that the right shoulder of each Member is directly behind the centre of the back of the Member originally on his right and his left shoulder is in line with the centre of the back of the Member originally in front, in the case of the centre and rear ranks. NOTE: Before attempting to do Ke Belakang Pusing (About Turn) and Separuh Ke Kiri/Kanan (Left/Right Incline) by judging the time, the Squad should first be taught by numbers in the same way as for Ke Kanan Pusing (Right Turn). Before During After 0 degrees 180 degrees turn Stamp with left foot Before After 0 degrees 45 degrees to the right Common faults: a) Bending the body. b) Not raising the left foot high enough. c) Feet not in proper position. d) Turned through less than 180 degrees.
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 26 D. FALLING OUT 12. Command: “Keluar – BARIS” The Squad will turn to the right and march off 3 paces, breaking off. The movements (three, in this case: turning, stamping, marching) are done with the correct pauses in between them. Action: Timing: NOTE: This command marks a break in the drill parade and is not the end of it. Therefore, the Squad will not leave the parade ground but await further instructions. Marching off 3 paces does not followed by halting. This also applies in Dismissal (Bersurai) (Refer to Chapter 6 No.6 on page 56) E. MARKING TIME (At the Halt) This movement can be done irregardless of the direction the Squad is facing. 13. Quick Mark Time Command: “Hentak kaki, cepat – HENTAK” From Sedia position, lift the left leg until the thigh is horizontal, letting loose from kneebelow, foot is horizontal with the ground [Figure 4.11]. Return the foot to the ground, toe-cap first without stamping and lift the right leg until the thigh is horizontal. Continue marking time without swinging the arms or moving the rest of the body. When halted, the Squad or each individual must not move from the original spot. Figure 4.11a Figure 4.11b Hentak Kaki (Inclined view) Thigh lifted 90 degrees Turn Pause Stamp Pause March SATU DUA SATU (Hentak) DUA-TIGA (one beat) SATU, DUA, TIGA (Kiri, kanan, kiri) Common faults: a) Body not erect and steady. b) Stamping. c) Drifting forward, backward or sideways. d) Increasing or decreasing the rate of marking time. e) Looking down.
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 27 14. Slow Mark Time Command: “Hentak kaki, perlahan – HENTAK” Same as for quick time but done in slow time, placing feet lightly back on ground on every count, toe-cap first without stamping and not suspending (hanging) the thighs in between counts. 15. Double Mark Time Command: “Hentak kaki, berlari – HENTAK” Same as for quick time but done in double time and placing both hands in front of the chest as soon as the first left foot hits the ground [Figure 4.12] and will be placed that way as long as movements are done in double time. Figure 4.12 Berlari Hentak 16. Halting (from quick/slow/double mark time) Command: “Skuad – HENTI” Given as the right foot hits the ground during mark time. Halt with 2 quick time stamps on both feet to the ground and resume the Sedia position. Timing: (1.5 whole beat) NOTE: 4 counts for halting in DOUBLE mark time, and hands returned to the sides on the final stamp. 17. Changing step (while quick/slow/double mark time) This step is to regain the correct timing while marking time. Take 2 paces with the same foot and carry on marking time. “ – HENTI” SATU DUA Right Left – Stamp, Right – Stamp
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 28 Hentak Kaki (marking time) allows a Squad to remain in the same place without halting and should never be used as a means of punishment for the Squad. NOTE: After giving the executive command “– MAJU”, the order for the directing flank must follow (for quick/slow/double time). Thus: “Maju ke hadapan – MAJU. Dari kanan / kiri” For double time, the procedure is the same, with hands remained on the chest. F. STEPPING to the SIDE, FRONT and BACK. These movements allow a Squad to be moved to the side, front or back up to a maximum of 8 paces without marching. 18. To the Side Command: “ langkah ke sebelah kanan – GERAK” Lift the right leg until the thigh is horizontal and stamp down 12 inches to the right of the left foot (measured from the centre of one heel to the centre of the other), still forming an angle of 30 degrees. Immediately do the same with the left leg and stamp the left foot just to the left of the right foot to resume Sedia position. Repeat for as many times as ordered. Timing: When moving to the left, the same procedure is used, but this time the left foot is first brought to the left and the right foot closed in. 19. To the Front or Back Command: “ langkah ke hadapan / belakang – GERAK” Take the required number of paces forward (or back) without swinging the arms, each pace being 30 inches. Then act as follows: a) For odd-number paces: Complete the number of paces. Then lift the right leg and stamp to Sedia. b) For even-number paces: Complete the number of paces. Then lift the left leg and stamp to Sedia. SATU DUA DUA TIGA DUA DUA DUA TIGA TIGA…… Right Left (Pause) 1 count (Pause) 1 count Right Left (Pause) 1 count (Pause) 1 count Right…… Common faults: a) Looking down. b) Body not erect. c) Swing of arms. d) Not lifting the leg until the thigh is horizontal before stamping.
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 29 G. MARCHING and HALTING NOTE: All pace distances (in inches) are measured from heel to heel. 20. Quick Time March (120 paces/minute) Command: “Cepat – JALAN” Figure 4.13 Cepat Jalan (Front) (Side) 20.1 Teaching by numbers a) “Berjalan dengan nombor, cepat jalan – SATU” Starting with the left foot, take a pace forward of *27 inches bending the left knee only slightly to allow the foot to clear the ground. At the same time, swing the right arm forward until it is horizontal, thumb upwards [Figure 4.1b], and the left arm as far back as it will go, without bending at the elbows and wrists. Keep the right knee braced. The left foot is driven to the ground heel first [Figure 4.13]. Foot diagrams: L R Feet lifted when thigh is horizontal or just off the ground in slow march Feet not moving from position or stamped on the ground. 27” Common Faults: a) Body not erect. b) Arms bent at elbows and wrists. c) Not swinging arms straight in front and back. d) Looking down. e) Not striking the ground with the heel first (shuffling)
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 30 b) “Skuad –DUA” Immediately bring the right foot forward in the same way, this time swinging the left arm to the front and the right arm back. Continue with the left foot again, then the right, and so on. NOTE: *The distance of 27 inches may be reduced to 21 inches (langkah pendek) in Drilling the smaller Members. When teaching recruits, it is best to carry out the movements step by step in 100 paces per minute, calling out “Left” then “Right” then “Left” again and checking them each time. 20.2 Teaching by judging time When marching in quick time, Squad Members shall call out the timing “Kiri, kanan, kiri, kanan, kiri” as soon as the command is given. 21. Halting in Quick Time Command: “Skuad – HENTI” The command is given as the left foot reaches the ground. Teaching by numbers (from the march) a) “Berhenti dengan nombor, henti – SATU” Take a check pace of 27 inches with the right foot; left heel slightly raised both arms swung. b) “Skuad – DUA” (Lifting and stamping both legs) Take a half pace (15 inches) with the left foot, slightly clear from the ground still swinging the arms. Raise the left leg and right arm until they are horizontal, with the left arm swung back as far as it can go. Stamp 6 inches further than the right foot with the left foot and bring both arms to the side. Immediately raise the right leg until the thigh is horizontal [Figure 4.11a] and stamp with the foot next to the left foot, heels together and in line, resuming Sedia position. Timing: “ – HENTI” CHECK SATU DUA Left Right Left (Stamp), Right (Stamp) (1.5 whole beat) Common faults: a) Not swinging arms to the correct levels. b) Not lifting the left and right legs high enough. c) Last pace with the right foot not done with the correct timing. d) Bending the body when halting. e) Body weight not balanced evenly on both feet on completion.
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 31 22. Marching in Slow Time (60 paces/minute) Command: “Perlahan – JALAN” a) The left foot is brought forward about half pace at the same angle as it was at Sedia position; the foot is horizontal and just above the ground [Figure 4.14]. b) The full pace of 27 inches is completed by bringing the foot down, toe first, at the correct pace distance. The weight of the body now rests on the left leg. The right knee is slightly bent and the right heel raised. c) The right foot is then brought forward in the same way. This process continues with the right, then the left, and so on. Timing: “– JALAN” DUA-TIGA (1 whole beat) KIRI DUA-TIGA (1 whole beat) (1 whole beat) (from “Sedia”) Left foot out Full pace then shoot right foot out KANAN DUA-TIGA (1 whole beat) (1 whole beat) Full pace then shoot left foot out Figure 4.14 Perlahan Jalan (Close-up view) NOTE: For all movements done in slow march, arms are to be kept at the side as in Sedia position and not swung at all. Common faults: a) Looking down b) Leaning back. c) Foot reaching the ground toe first. d) Shuffling.
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 32 23. Halting in Slow Time (from the march) Command: “Skuad – HENTI” The command is given as the right foot reaches the ground. Teaching by numbers a) “Henti dengan nombor, henti – SATU” The left foot is brought 6 inches to the front of the right foot at the same angle as it was at Sedia and just above the ground [Figure 4.14b]. b) “Skuad – DUA” Lift the left foot until the thigh is horizontal to the ground [Figure 4.11a] and stamp down in quick time 6 inches further than the right foot; follow by the right foot to resume Sedia position. Timing: 24. Marching and Halting in Double Time (180 paces/minute) Command: “Sedia untuk *berlari, dari kanan / kiri, cepat – LARI” *On the command “berlari”, place the hands up on the chest, clenched with thumbs upwards [Figure 4.15], bending the elbows, and run, beginning with the left foot, taking wide steps of 40 inches. Halting is the same as for quick time, but done in double time, the arms being returned to the sides immediately on the final stamp. Figure 4.15 Both hands on chest 25. Marching Off from Quick Mark Time Command: “Maju ke hadapan – MAJU” Command is given as the left foot reaches the ground. Stamp with the right foot so that the instep is 6 inches behind the left heel. Take a pace forward with the left foot and continue marching, swinging the arms. “ – HENTI” SATU DUA Right Left (Stamp), Right (Stamp) (1.5 whole beat) Common faults: a) Same as for “Halting in Quick Time” from b) to e) (Refer to page 30) b) Not halting in quick time.
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 33 26. Marking Time from Quick March Command: “Hentak kaki – HENTAK” Command is given as the right foot reaches the ground. Take a check pace with the left foot. Take another pace, with the right foot without dragging it on the ground, finishing about 6 inches behind the left foot. At the same time, bring the arms smartly to the side. Timing: CHECK IN KIRI KANAN KIRI Marking time on the same spot 27. Marching Off from Slow Mark Time Command: “Maju ke hadapan – MAJU” Same as for quick time, command is given as the left foot reaches the ground except that there is no arm swinging. The check pace is also the stamp with the right foot which will be followed by shooting out the left foot to resume the slow march. 28. Marking Time from Slow March Command: “Hentak kaki – HENTAK” Same as for quick time, command is given as the right foot reaches the ground finishing with the left foot 6 inches further than the right foot. Lift the left foot and marking time is carried out from there. Timing: NOTE: There is no turning about (Ke Belakang Pusing) when marking time (Hentak Kaki). The word Cepat / Perlahan / Berlari is only given to mark time from the halt. 29. Breaking into Slow Time from Quick Time Command: “Tukar langkah jalan perlahan, perlahan – JALAN” The command is given as the left foot reaches the ground, then: a) take a check pace with the right foot. “ – HENTAK” (Start slow mark time) Right Left
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 34 b) then lift the left leg and stamp down 6 inches further than the right foot followed with the right foot in the same manner and stamp down in line with the left foot. At the same time bring the arms smartly to the side. c) movements a) and b) are done in quick time. d) Bring the left foot forward as in slow march immediately after b) and commence in slow time. Timing: 30. Breaking into Quick Time from Slow Time Command: “Tukar langkah jalan cepat, cepat – JALAN” Command is given as the right foot reaches the ground, bring the left foot to the point where the middle of left foot (6 inches) in line with the side front of the right foot, subsequently march off with the left foot in quick time, swinging the arms in doing so. Carry on marching in quick time. 31. Breaking into Double Time from Quick Time Command: “Tukar langkah berlari – LARI” Command is given as the right foot reaches the ground. On the next pace, take a check pace of 40 inches, bending the left knee in doing so. At the same time, bring the hands up to the chest [Figure 4.14] as in the double march. Continue running, taking wide steps of 40 inches. Timing: 32. Breaking into Quick Time from Double Time Command: “Tukar langkah jalan cepat, cepat – JALAN” Given as the right foot reaches the ground and take 2 more paces in double time. On the second pace, i.e. right foot, bring the arms to the sides. Start marching in quick time with the next pace, i.e. left foot, swinging the arms. NOTE: A Squad should not be made to break into double time from slow time, or vice versa. “ – JALAN” CHECK SATU DUA Dua-Tiga Left Right Left (Stamp) Right (Stamp) & shoot left foot out “ – LARI” CHECK IN, KIRI, KANAN, KIRI… Right Left hands up to the chest (Running)
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 35 H. CHANGING STEP (On the March) 33. Command: “Tukar langkah semasa berjalan, TUKAR LANGKAH” Changing step enables a Squad or an individual to regain correct step when this has been lost. 33.1 In Quick Time Command is given as the right foot reaches the ground, then: a) lift the left foot with arms swung and stamp down 6 inches further than the right foot. b) lift the right leg until the thigh is horizontal and return the arms to the side. Drive the right foot to the ground so that, on impact, the instep is 6 inches behind the left heel. Immediately step off a full pace with the left foot, swinging the arms accordingly. c) carry on marching Timing: KIRI–KANAN (1.5 whole beat) Common fault: Not returning the arms to the side on movement b). 33.2 In Slow Time Command is given as the right foot reaches the ground with the left foot finishing 6 inches in front of the right foot, and the method of changing step is the same as for quick time, by lifting the left foot until the thigh is horizontal to the ground and stamp down in quick time followed with the right foot and then carry on marching in slow time. Timing: KIRI–KANAN (1.5 whole beat) Common fault: Not stamping down with the left and right leg and shooting forward the left foot all in the duration of one pace (in quick time) NOTE: Change steps for both quick time and slow time shall be carried out 2 times consecutively.
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 36 I. TURNINGS and INCLININGS (On the March) 34. Turning to the Left Command: “Ke kiri – PUSING” 34.1 In Quick Time Command is given as the right foot reaches the ground Teaching by numbers (from the march) a) “Berpusing dengan nombor, ke kiri pusing – SATU” Take a check pace with the left foot with arms swung out. b) “Skuad – DUA” Lift the right leg until the thigh is horizontal and bring arms to side. The body and lifted leg should still face the same original direction. c) “Skuad – TIGA” Stamp the right foot in 45 degrees to the left and turn the whole body through 90 degrees to the left with the left foot in the new direction with arms swung out NOTE: In actual quick march, movements c) and d) are done in 1 pace duration Timing: 34.2 In Slow Time Command is given as the left foot reaches the ground then: a) finish with the right foot 6 inches further than the left foot. Immediately lift the right leg until the thigh is horizontal and drive the foot to the ground in the new direction. At the same time, turn the whole body through 90 degrees to the left. b) Take a pace forward with the left foot in the new direction. Continue slow march. Timing: “ – PUSING” CHECK (Turn) Right Left Left foot out instantly after right foot stamps “ – PUSING” (Turn) Left Left foot out instantly after right foot stamps
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 37 35. Turning to the Right Command: “Ke kanan – PUSING” 35.1 In Quick Time Command is given as the left foot reaches the ground. The rest is the same as for turning to the left, except done in the opposite: a) Take a check pace with the right foot. b) Stamp with the left foot in 45 degrees to the right and immediately march off, commencing with the right foot. 35.2 In Slow Time Command is given as the right foot reaches the ground, then: a) finish with the left foot 6 inches further than the right foot. Immediately lift the left leg until the thigh is horizontal and drive the left foot to the ground 45 degrees to the right. At the same time, turn the whole body through 90 degrees to the right. b) Take a pace forward with the right foot in the new direction. Continue slow march. NOTE: In slow time, there should be stamping and no arm swinging. 36. Turning About (to the back) Command: “Ke belakang –PUSING” Figure 4.16 Movement b) 36.1 In Quick Time Given as the right foot reaches the ground then: a) take a check pace with the left foot. b) Take another pace with the right, bringing the foot in with the heel behind the left foot without dragging it on the ground, keeping the shoulders square to the front [Figure 4.16], and return the arms to the sides. c) Turn the body 90 degrees to the right. At the same time, lift the left leg until the thigh is horizontal and drive the foot down in the new direction. d) Turn the body a further 90 degrees to the right; lift the right leg and drive the foot down in the new direction so that the instep is behind the left heel. e) Raise the left leg and stamp to attention so that the instep is 6 inches behind the right heel. f) Shoot forward the right foot, swinging the arms, and continue marching. NOTE: In counting time, each of the movements a) to f) will be done in 1 pace’s count.
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 38 Timing: CHECK IN SATU DUA TIGA MAJU Left Right Left –Stamp Right –Stamp Left – Stamp Right [Figure 4.16] 36.2 In slow time Command is given as the right foot reaches the ground, finishing with the left foot 6 inches further than the right foot. Then lifting and stamping legs in slow time without suspending the thighs, in correct pauses in between as follows: Timing: “ – PUSING” SATU – DIAM DUA – DIAM TIGA – DIAM Right Left – Stamp Right – Stamp Left – Stamp [Figure 4.17a] [Figure 4.17b] with right foot out [Figure 4.17c] Figure 4.17a Figure 4.17b Figure 4.17c Left stamp Right stamp Left stamp, right foot out
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 39 37. Inclining to the Right or Left Command: “Berjalan menyerong, separuh ke kanan / kiri – PUSING” The method is the same as for the full turn except that the body is now turned to an angle of 45 degrees. However, the left foot that is driven to the ground will maintain in the original direction. Example: “Berjalan menyerong, separuh ke kanan – PUSING” Timing: J. WHEELING (On the March – as an individual) 38. Command: “Ke kiri / kanan – BELOK” The command can be given on any pace on the march. At the command, continue to march through 90 degrees on a quarter circle of radius 24 inches. He must shorten his pace (but not the rate of marching) towards the given direction. Arms should be fully swung (except in slow or double march). Example: “Ke kanan – BELOK” CHECK (Turn) Right Right foot out after left foot stamps
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 40 K. CALL for ANNOUNCEMENT Forming Squad in fastest possible way not for the purpose of Drill, but for announcements and urgent assembly. Not necessarily in the position of tallest on the right and shortest on the left. Teaching Guide Step 1: “Rehatkan – DIRI” (all will stand in Rehatkan Diri position) Step 2: “SKUAD” (Senang Diri position) Step 3: “Apabila dapat hukuman “*Tiga barisan di hadapan saya – GERAK’, skuad hendaklah bersedia, berlari, berbaris dalam *tiga barisan di hadapan, di tengah-tengah, di mana saya menghadap. Fahamkah skuad?” (an instruction from Commander) *The number of lines (barisan) varies on the size of the Members you want to assemble. Step 4: “Faham, TUAN / PUAN” (Members’ response) Step 5: “*Tiga barisan di hadapan saya – GERAK” Actual Commanding Step 1: “Rehatkan – DIRI” Step 2: “SKUAD” Step 3: “*Tiga barisan di hadapan saya – GERAK” Immediately command is given on Step No.3, Members will take the quickest means to assemble facing the Commander in Sedia position. Before: After:
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 41 CHAPTER 5 SQUAD DRILL “The [soldiers] must learn to keep their ranks, to obey words of command, and signals by drum and trumpet, and to observe good order, whether they halt, advance, retreat, are upon a march, or engaged with an enemy.” – Niccolo Machiavelli: Arte della Guerra, 1520 The Members should not be pre–arranged prior to Falling In. A. FALLING IN (By sizing) There are two ways of sizing a Squad of three ranks: 1. Tallest on the Flanks, Shortest in the Centre Command: The Squad stands in Rehatkan Diri position. “SKUAD” Timing: (Hop/Satu) The Squad comes to Senang Diri position. “Tanda – PENANDA” Timing: (Satu, Dua), DuaTiga, Jalan… (Check, Satu, Dua), Dua-Tiga, (Hop/Satu) The marker (penanda), usually the tallest person in the Squad comes to Sedia position, and after a pause equal to two paces in quick time, marches out *15 paces and **halts in front of, and two paces (or more) away from the Commander (who is *18 paces away from the Squad) and resume Senang Diri position. *This number may be reduced if there is not enough space. **all halting includes a check pace followed by stamping twice in quick time. NOTE: The Commander may adjust himself discretionally after the marker halts. “Yang tinggi ke kanan, rendah ke kiri, dalam satu barisan – PARAS” Timing: (Satu, Dua), DuaTiga, Jalan … (Check, Satu, Dua), Dua-Tiga, (Satu, pause, Dua-Tiga, Satu, Dua) The remainder of the Squad (including the marker) comes to Sedia position, and after a pause equal to 2 paces in quick time, march *15 paces towards the marker, *halt, and arrange themselves according to their height, in single rank, tallest on the right, shortest on the left. Dressing in close formation (no intervals between Members) is taken up by the right, and the position of attention is maintained. “Pandang – DEPAN” Timing: (Hop/Satu) All heads turn to the front smartly and sharply. “Dari kanan – BILANG” Members number off sharply in even time and tone from right to left, the right hand Member calling out “SATU”, the next “DUA” and so on. Heads and eyes are kept steady to the front.
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 42 Alternative Command: “Dari kanan, berdua – BILANG” The Squad will number in the same way except in twos, i.e. “SATU”, “DUA”, “SATU”, “DUA”, etc. This is much easier and faster than the above method. NOTE: If an error is made in the numbering, the command “SEMULA” is given, and the last correct number is called out by the instructor or the Commander. The Member with this number calls out his number again and the numbering continues down the line. “Nombor ganjil satu langkah ke hadapan, nombor genap satu langkah ke belakang – GERAK” The odd (ganjil) numbers take 1 *step forward and the even (genap) numbers 1 step backward. *each step should be at a pace of 30 inches. “Orang yang di sebelah kanan sekali diam, nombor ganjil ke kanan, nombor genap ke kiri, barisan kanan dan kiri – PUSING” The odd numbers except the marker (No.1) turn right while the even numbers turn left. “Jadikan tiga barisan, cepat – JALAN” Except the marker, all the Members march off, the even numbers wheeling to the right through 180 degrees and following the rear Member of the odd numbers. No.3 halts 1 pace behind No.1 and No.5 halts 1 pace behind No.3. No.7 halts at short interval to the left of No.1, No.9 halts 1 pace behind No.7 and so on. Each Member will halt one by one, not together. As each Member reaches his position, he halts facing the flank, pauses and waits for the Member at the rear rank to halt. The rear rank Member of each file will then call up “HOP” when they have taken the position and the three Members in that file will turn to the front together in correct timing. If there were to be only one Member at the last file, then he shall turn to the front on his own.
The Boys’ Brigade Drill Manual 43 Dressing and Covering: “Lurus ke kanan – LURUS” OR The Squad will act as in Basic Drill to correct their dressing and covering. The front rank Members will adjust and determine the intervals, and the distances by the right hand file Members. Members in the centre and rear ranks cover their front rank Members, still keeping their heads turned to the right, by glancing at the corner of their eyes, also correcting their alignment in their respective ranks. A blank file is always the second file from the left. (Refer to the diagrams on the left) The commander will determine suitable Members of the centre and rear ranks to complete the left hand file. “Pandang – DEPAN” The Squad will respond to the command “Pandang – DEPAN” after the dressing has been properly taken up, all heads to the right, except the right hand file, by turning their heads to the front together. At the same time, Members of the front rank and right hand file, except the marker, will return their arms to the side silently. NOTE: A Squad can be dressed by the left; Members looking to the left, and extending their left arms, then stamp “RIGHT, LEFT”. When a Squad is on the move or marking time, dressing and covering are automatically corrected without any command and without the arms being raised, by glancing at the corner of their eyes and not turning heads at all. After the command “HENTI”, and so long as the Squad remains stationary, dressing is carried out only on the appropriate command. 2. Tallest on the Right, Shortest on the Left Movements are the same as for No.1 up to “Dari kanan – BILANG”. Then proceed as follows: “Orang yang di sebelah kanan sekali diam, yang lain, ke kanan – PUSING” All Members except the marker, turns to the right forming a single file. “Jadikan tiga barisan, cepat – JALAN” The Squad will carry out the movement in the same way, but this time, No.2 takes position behind No.1, No.3 behind No.2, No.4 on the left of No.1 and so on. When the Squad is formed, dressing shall be corrected with the appropriate commands.