Let's Log In Computer Science Book 6 Revised (2078).indd

Vedanta LET’S LOG in Computer Science _ Book 6

Desktop

Wallpaper

The background picture of Windows desktop is called desktop background.
It is also called the wallpaper. Desktop wallpaper is the image that fills the
background of computer screen when all programs are closed.

Change the Wallpaper

Right-click your desktop and choose
Personalize.

Select Picture from the Background drop-
down list.

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Vedanta LET’S LOG in Computer Science _ Book 6

Close the Settings window.

Icons

The small labelled pictures present on desktop are called icons. These
icons are used to open specific programs, folders, or documents. Desktop
icons are also called shortcuts. Some commonly found icons are This PC,
Documents, Recycle Bin, etc.

This PC Icon This PC

This PC represents all the hard-disk drives, saved files,
and folders. Using it, we can access all the drives, folders,
and files stored in computer. We double-click on the icons
to open it. We can open drives, folders, and files in it by
double-clicking on their icons.

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Recycle Bin Icon

The Recycle Bin represents all the deleted folders and
files. It acts as a dustbin for our computer. It is used
to store deleted items. We can restore deleted files from
Recycle Bin. However, once a file is deleted from the
Recycle Bin, it cannot be recovered.

Press Shift+Delete to Recycle Bin
remove your file or folder
permanently.

Taskbar

Taskbar is the long horizontal bar present at the bottom of desktop. The
different parts of a taskbar are shown below:

taskbar

Working with files and folders

File

A file is a collection of related information. The icon of file tells us what type
of file it is. All the data in computer is stored in different files. There are
different types of files in computer. Image files, program files, text files, and
music files, are some of the examples.
A file name consists of two parts: file name and extension.
File name can be any name given by the user while the extension is given by
the program that creates the file.

Annapurna.jpg

filename extension

Here, Annapurna is the filename and .jpg is the extension, which is an
image file.

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Vedanta LET’S LOG in Computer Science _ Book 6 Folder

Folder

A folder is a container for storing files and other folders.
A collection of related files can be grouped in a common
folder. A folder within a folder is called a sub-folder.

Creating Folder

To create a new folder on desktop, follow the given steps.
Right click on the blank area of desktop.

A pop-up menu appears.
Select New and Click on Folder

Type in folder name.
Press on Enter.

A new folder is created.

Selecting File and Folder

To select a single file or folder, click on it.

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To select multiple files and folders, click one by one on every file
or folder with Shift key pressed.
To select multiple files and folders that are not placed together,
select the file or folder with Ctrl key pressed.

Opening a File/Folder

To open a file or folder,
double-click on it. The file/
folder opens and you can view
its contents.

Renaming a File or Folder

Right click on the icon of
the target file or folder.
A pop-menu will appear.
Click on Rename.
Type in the new name.
Press on Enter.

Deleting a File or a Folder

Right-click on the file or folder that you want to delete.
A pop-up menu appears. Click Delete option.
or
Select the file or folder.
Press Delete key.

When we delete a folder or file, by
default, windows moves it to the
Recycle Bin. The file/folder remains
in the Recycle Bin unless it is
deleted from there, too.

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Restoring Deleted Files or Folders from Recycle Bin

Restore means bringing back the deleted files or
folders to its original location from Recycle Bin.

Double-click on the Recycle Bin icon
present on desktop.
Right-click on the file or folder you want to
restore.
Click on Restore.

Moving a File or Folder

Cutting and pasting are typical Windows functions. Cutting means moving
something (file, folder, text, image, etc.). Pasting is the action of brining the
cut item in its new location.

To Cut a File or Folder

Right-click on the file
or folder that you want
to move.
A pop-up menu will
appear. Click on Cut.
or
Select the file or folder
that you want to move.
Press Ctrl+X.

Paste the file to a new location.

Open the target folder where you want to move
the file or folder.

Right-click on the blank area.
Click Paste from the pop-up menu.
or

Select the file or folder that you want to move to.
Press on Ctrl+V.

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Copying a File or Folder

Like cutting, copying is also a common function in Windows. Copying creates
a duplicate item.

To Copy a File or Folder

Right-click on the file or folder that you want to move.
A pop-up menu will appear. Click on Copy.
or
Select the file or folder that you want to move.
Press on Ctrl+C.

Paste the File to a New Location

Open the desired folder where you want to copy the file or folder.
Right-click on the blank area.
Click on Paste from the pop-up menu.
or
Select the file or folder that you want to move to.
Press Ctrl+V.

Running Different Programs in Windows

Windows provides many additional apps that help us in performing various
tasks. Some important apps in Windows 10 are as follows:

Calculator

You can perform different arithmetic and scientific calculations with this app.

To Run Calculator

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Press on Windows Key and R at the same time.
Run window appears.
Type ‘calc’ as shown in the figure alongside.
Finally click on OK button.
The Calc app appears on screen.

Microsoft Paint

You can edit or design
graphics with this free
Windows App.
Type "mspaint" in Run
Window to use this app.

Notepad

It is a simple text-editor program.
Type "notepad" in Run Window to
use this app.

On-Screen Keyboard

This app allows you to type without a physical keyboard.

To Run On-Screen Keyboard

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Press Windows Key and
R at the same time.
Run window appears.
Type ‘osk’ as shown in
the figure alongside.
Finally click on OK
button.

The On-Screen Keyboard app appears on screen.

Magnifier

This app is used to magnify (enlarge) the screen.

To Run Magnifier Tool

Press on Windows Key and R at the same time. 59
Run window appears.

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Type ‘magnify’ as shown in the figure alongside.
Finally click on OK button.

The Magnify tool appears on the screen.

Press + or – button to Zoom In or Zoom Out the current screen.

POINTS TO REMEMBER

Windows is the most popular and widely used operating system developed by
Microsoft.
The background picture of Windows desktop is called wallpaper.
The small-labelled pictures present on the desktop are called icons.
The Recycle Bin acts as a dustbin for our computer.
Taskbar is the long horizontal bar present at the bottom of desktop.
A file is a collection of related information.
A folder is a container for storing files and other folders.
Calculator, Notepad, Paint, On-Screen Keyboard, and Magnifier are some
popular apps provided by Windows 10.

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xercise

1. Answer the following questions:

a) Define Operating System. Name any two Operating Systems.
b) What is the main function of an Operating System?
c) Name any two icons that you find on your Desktop.

2. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs).

a) Which is not an Operating System?

i) Windows 10 ii) Linux iii) MS-Word iv. Mac OS

b) Short cut key to paste an item.

i) Ctrl+C ii) Ctrl+X iii) Ctrl+O iv. Ctrl+V

c) ................... contains icons, program or file shortcuts.

i) Desktop ii) Wallpaper iii) This PC iv. Recycle Bin

d) Windows is developed by .............................

i) Microsoft ii) Amazon iii) Google iv. Facebook

e) The small labelled picture present on the desktop is called ……….

i) Recycle Bin ii) icon iii) This PC iv. Wallpaper

f) To run Magnifier tool, we need to type ................. in Run window.

i) magnifier ii) magnify iii) zoom iv. magnified

3. State whether the following statements are True or False:

a) Windows 10 is a GUI based operating system.
b) A folder is a collection of related information.
c) You cannot rename a file.
d) Notepad is capable of doing scientific calculations.
e) The background picture of Windows desktop is called wallpaper.

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4. Complete the crossword given below.

ACROSS Desktop background
3 Small-labelled picture present on the desktop
6 Container for storing files
7

DOWN A long horizontal bar found at the bottom of desktop
1 The first screen of Windows
2 An operating system
4 Collection of related information
5 Recycle Bin acts as a ....... for our computer
8

1 4 2
3
5
6

78

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5. Match the following: Vedanta LET’S LOG in Computer Science _ Book 6

Group "A" Group "B"
a) Zoom in and Zoom Out the screen
i) Notepad

ii) Calculator b) Type without physical keyboard

iii) On-Screen Keyboard c) Edit graphics

iv) Paint d) Simple text-editor

v) Magnifier e) Arithmetic and Scientific calculation

Lab Activities

Activity 1:
Start your computer and wait for the desktop to appear after booting.
Count and write the number of icons on your desktop.
Change the desktop wallpaper.

Activity 2:
Create a folder "Computer Science."
In this folder, create a new Notepad file.
Open the file and write a short note on "Use of Computer." Close this
file.
Copy this file to a new folder "Computer Advantage."

Activity 3:
Run Notepad app.
Run On-Screen Keyboard app.
Type few sentences using On-Screen Keyboard.
Save the file under your name in the folder “Computer Science”.
Close On-Screen Keyboard and Notepad.

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Lesson

7 Typing Tutor

Typing

The method of providing data or text by pressing keys of a keyboard of a
computer system is called typing. Beside computer, there are some other
devices such as a typewriter, cell phone, tablets, or a calculator in which we
type our data or give instruction for processing.

A sample Keyboard

Finger Placement and Letter Keys

Most people want to look at the keyboard as they type. They never become
efficient and fast typists that way. That is why it is important to first learn
finger placement.

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HOME ROW!

The middle row of letter keys is Finger placement on Keyboard
called home row. We place the four
fingers of each hand on home row.
The first (pointer) finger of the left
hand should cover the F key, while
each of the other left-hand fingers
rest on the keys to the left of the F
key. The first finger of the right hand
should cover the J key, while each of
the other right-hand fingers rest on
the keys to the right of the J key.

Another thing to keep in mind is that your goal at first should be to learn
the keys and HOME ROW before you begin to build speed. Accuracy is much
more important for a beginning typist.

Finger Placement Chart Finger placement chart

You have to place your fingers 65
properly to strike keys on the
keyboard. The given chart shows
the appropriate fingers to strike the
particular key on the keyboard.

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Left Hand Right Hand

L R MI I I I MR L

QWE R T Y U I O P

A S DFGH J KL ;

Z X C V B NM , . /

L – Little Finger R – Ring Finger
M – Middle Finger I – Index Finger

Note: Use the “Thumb” of the right hand to press on Space bar, and use your “Little
Finger” on the right hand to press on apostrophe key and Enter key.

POINTS TO REMEMBER

Whenever a finger is not typing another character, it should return to its home
row position.

Keyboard Vocabulary

Shift Key : Press shift at the same time you are pressing on
any other key and you get a new character. For
instance, press on shift at the same time you press
on a letter and it capitalizes the letter. Press on
shift at the same time you press on a number and
you get a “%” or “$”.

Tab Key : Just like a typewriter, the tab key helps you indent
your text.

Function Keys : F1 to F12. They are used to do some particular
tasks. For example, F1 key is used to bring up a
help menu.

Enter Key : One of the uses of this key is to go down to a new
line when typing text.

CTRL Key : Control key is used in conjunction with another
key to initiate a certain action. For example,
CTRL+S is used to save a file.

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ALT Key Vedanta LET’S LOG in Computer Science _ Book 6

Caps Lock : It is also used in combination with other keys to
do something. For instance, ALT+F usually opens
Num Lock the File menu.
Space Bar
Backspace : Press on it once and when you type the letters,
Delete they are all capitalized. Press on it again and the
Print Screen letters will go back to lower case.

: The Num Lock key toggles the numeric keypad on
and off.

: It is used to enter a blank space between sentences
while typing text.

: This key removes the character to the left of the
cursor.

: Pressing on this key removes the character to the
right of the cursor.

: The Print Screen button sends a copy of your
monitor’s screen to the “clipboard”, ready to be
pasted onto another program.

Typing skill

Learning keyboard is not easy. It
takes a lot of self-discipline and
patience. Sometimes, it takes weeks
to show just small improvements. If
you look at keyboarding as a skill
that can be mastered with a lot of
practice you will do fine.

You will develop speed and accuracy
through practice. You have to type
at a good speed without making
mistakes.

Magic behind keyboarding

There really is no "magic" or secret about good typing ability. It just takes
time and a lot of practice. However, there are some important things that
help us in the process:

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Keyboarding Tips and Rules

1. Use the correct finger to strike each key.
2. Do not look at your hands while typing (Make sure the keyboard

reaches to memory).
3. Sit up straight and feet flat on the floor.
4. Keep home row fingers touching home row keys even in a difficult

reach.

Why are the keys all mixed up?

The reason for all the keys to be mixed up was to speed up
typing while slowing down the typist. True, history shows
that Christopher Latham Sholes in 1872 invented the
machine called the "Type-Writer." Sholes had developed
his machine for convenience still, we faced with a huge
problem: the keys jammed if the typist went too fast.
Sholes tried for months to fix this problem. Finally, in
desperation, Sholes took a step that still remains today
with our keyboard. Sholes redesigned the layout of the
letters on the keyboard to force the typist to slow down.
We call his layout "QWERTY" keyboard (after the first six
letters of the typewriter's second row).

Ergonomics Sitting posture

Ergonomics is the science concerned with
designing safe and comfortable machines for
humans. Following these rules increases your
speed and accuracy at computer. It also helps your
body to cope with long sessions at the keyboard.

Check out the 7 tips for better posture:

1. Line up top of monitor with top of your head.
2. Position screen at arm’s length.
3. Relax shoulders.

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4. Bend elbows at 90°.
5. Keep Wrists straight.
6. Line up hips, shoulders, and ears vertically.
7. Place hips far back in chair, bent at 90°.

Some popular typing software:

1. Rapid Typing Tutor
2. Tux Typing
3. Kiran's Typing Tutor

You can use any one of them to develop your typing skill with speed
and accuracy.

Teachers Use any typing tutor application in practical session to teach typing.
Notes

Exercise

1. Answer the following questions:

a) Why are the keys all mixed up?
b) What are letters associated with the home row keys?
c) Who invented the Typewriter and when?
d) List five of the seven tips for better posture/technique at the computer.
e) What is the magic rule behind good typing ability?
f) List four keyboarding tips and rules.
g) Draw the finger chart for typing.

2. Choose the correct answer:

a) The key ‘F’ is pressed by ………………… finger.

i) Left Index ii) Right Index iii) Left Middle iv) Right Middle

b) The key ‘P’ is pressed by ………………… finger.

i) Left Ring ii) Right Ring iii) Left Index iv) Right Index

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c) The key ‘X’ is pressed by ………………… finger.

i) Left Index ii) Right Index iii) Left Middle iv) Left Ring
iv) Left Ring
d) The key ‘E’ is pressed by ………………… finger. iv) Right Middle

i) Left Index ii) Right Index iii) Left Middle

e) The key ‘H’ is pressed by ………………… finger.

i) Left Index ii) Right Index iii) Left Middle

3. State “True” or “False” for the below key sequences.

a) QWERY : ...........................................................................................

b) ZXCVB : ...........................................................................................

c) LKJH : ...........................................................................................

d) POIUY : ...........................................................................................

e) ASDFH : ...........................................................................................

Practical Exercise

A) Open WordPad/Notepad and type the given texts 10 times using
appropriate fingers.

1. Home Row Exercise

Exercise 1A:
asdfg hjkl; asdfg hjkl; ;lkjh gfdsa asdfg hjkl; ;lkjh gfdsa ;lkjh gfdsa

Exercise 1B:
ah had lag slag ah had lag slag ah had ah had lag slag

Exercise 1C:
hash flash ask has hash flash ask has hash hash flash ask hash

Exercise 1D:
dash gash lash dash gash lash dash gash lash dash gash lash

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Exercise 1E:
glass alfalfa adds glass alfalfa adds glass alfalfa adds glass alfalfa

2. Top/QWERT Row Exercise

Exercise 2A:
qwert yuiop qwert yuiop ; poiuy trewq poiuy trewq qwert yuiop
qwert

Exercise 2B:
till quail tight yell; will those feat lake hash till quail tight yell;
will

Exercise 2C:
wire this flay queue; there rail sale gypsy is wire this flay queue;
there

Exercise 2D:
usher wake yaw tide; quash their light rash that usher wake yaw
tide;

Exercise 2E:
tale trash slide day; take urge wages wake typist tale trash slide
day;

3. Bottom/ZXCVB Row Exercise

Exercise 3A:
zxcvb nm,./ zxcvb nm,./ /.,mn bvcxz /.,mn bvcxz zxcvb nm,./ zxcvb

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Exercise 3B:
by, zip wean trying stump shrink rice ping/ mail by, zip wean
trying

Exercise 3C:
daring. choke bishop. admit twine sultan, sing/ roman daring.
choke

Exercise 3D:
vilest turbot, track snick scoot revoke. rein/ paving vilest turbot,
track

Exercise 3E:
Office. Meat. Lean. Hiking. Feline. Decay. Clash. Bright. Office.
Meat.

B) Type the given paragraphs with appropriate placement of finger on
the key board of your computer .

Directions:

Practice keying each sentence separately at least two times. Then, check
your time taken to type the entire paragraph. Repeat the paragraph trying
to increase speed with each typing.

PARAGRAPH 1
When shopping for the best price during a sale, look for the best deal.
After deciding what you want versus what you need, look through each
department carefully to see what's available. The best policy is to shop
for the best price. After seeing what you want during the sale, you need
to give the cashier your money. Be sure to give some thought to looking
through the return policy on sale items.

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PARAGRAPH 2
Before the meeting, take your plan further. Above all, being received
well matters. Check how further work will be received before the
meeting. Take time to plan and check details. Being ready ranks above
how you look.

PARAGRAPH 3
For the next three days, we shall present what I feel is a necessary
subject. Here and in the future, let me express what I feel shall be
necessary to survive. As we have seen in days past and as we will see
in the future, the next three items I will present here will be of great
significance.

PARAGRAPH 4
Remember, prior to the day of the conference, every participant must
complete every area of the registration form. Every form must be sorted
by last name and entered into a database. Therefore, we must have a
way to accurately complete registration. Because some people have the
same last name, it is essential that the form is complete. On the last
day of the conference, place your participation verification form into
the appropriate box on your way out the door. Be sure that all required
information is turned in, because without it you will not receive credit.

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Lesson Introduction to
Word Processor
8

You always get a question paper in your exam. You know how your question
is typed and printed on a sheet of paper. We use word processing application
to type and print the question.

Word Processing

The process of writing, editing, and production of documents, letters and
books using a special type of computer program is called Word Processing.

Word Processor

The special type of computer program used for word processing is called
Word Processor. Some popular examples of Word Processor are Microsoft
Word, Google Docs, Libre Office Writer, etc.

Microsoft Word Google docs Libre Office Writer

MS-Word

MS (Microsoft): Word is a popular Word Processor
developed by Microsoft Corporation. It was first
released in 1983 under the name Multi-Tool Word
for Xenix systems. MS-Word has useful features
and tools introduced to produce professionally
created documents.

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Features of MS-Word

We can prepare letters, notices, exam questions, project work reports,
books, newsletters, etc.
We can edit the text.
We can format the text.
We can cut, copy, and paste the required text on it.
MS-Word provides the bullets and numbering features.
We can save, open, and print the document.

How to Open MS-Word

1. On Windows desktop, click on the Search Windows icon.
2. Find the Windows Search Box.
3. In the search box, type word.
4. Click on the Word 2016 (or other version) option in the search

results.

Click here to run MS-Word

Windows Search Box
Search Window

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Alternative method to run MS-Word

1. Press on Windows Key and R at the same time. Run window appears.
2. Type ‘winword’ as shown in the figure alongside.
3. Finally click on OK button.

MS-Word Window

Title Bar Maximize Button

Home Tab Minimize Button

File Menu

Font Group
Working Area

Microsoft Word Screen

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Some important parts of MS Word Screen

Title Bar : It is at the top of the screen. It displays the name
of your document.

File Menu : It is at the top left side of the screen. On clicking
on this button, you can use several commands
such as New, Open, Save, Print, etc.

Ribbon : It is found just below the title bar. It has several
tabs such as Home, Insert, etc.

Home Tab : It contains several groups such as Font, Paragraph,
etc.

Working Area : It is the place where you type, edit and format
your text.

Start typing the given paragraph in a new document

Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world. Its height is 8,848 meters above the sea level.
Mount Everest aƩracts many climbers: some of them are highly experienced mountaineers. There
are two main climbing routes: one approaching the summit from the southeast in Nepal (known as
the "standard route") and the other from the north in Tibet, China.

Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world. Its height is 8,848 meters above the sea level.
Mount Everest aƩracts many climbers: some of them are highly experienced mountaineers. There
are two main climbing routes: one approaching the summit from the southeast in Nepal (known as
the "standard route") and the other from the north in Tibet, China.

Selecting and Editing Text

After typing the text on a document, you might want to change a certain
part of your document. The process of making changes in the document is
called editing.

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Selecting Text

To do any type of editing work, you have to select the required text. You can
select text, paragraph, or whole document by using mouse or keyboard
shortcuts.

Using a Mouse Method
Click and Drag mouse over the target text
Selection Double Click on the required word
a block of text Triple Click anywhere on the paragraph
Single word
Single paragraph

Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world. Its height is 8,848 meters above the sea level.
Mount Everest aƩracts many climbers: some of them are highly experienced mountaineers. There
are two main climbing routes: one approaching the summit from the southeast in Nepal (known as
the "standard route") and the other from the north in Tibet, China.

Using Keyboard Shortcuts Method
Shift + Right Arrow
Selection Shift + Left Arrow
One character to the right Shift + Home
One character to the left Shift + End
From current position to the beginning of the line Shift + Ctrl + Right Arrow
From current position to the end of the line Shift + Ctrl + Left Arrow
One word to the right Ctrl + A
One word to the left
Whole Document

Using Mouse and Keyboard

Selection Method
Vertical block of document Alt + Mouse Drag
a sentence Ctrl + Click

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Copy, Cut and Paste

Copy : Creating a duplicate of selected
text.

Cut : Removing of selected text to
move somewhere.

Paste : Place the copied or cut text at
desired location.

Step 1 : Select the text that has Clipboard Group
Step 2 to be copied or moved.
Step 3 Keyboard Shortcuts:
Step 4 : From the Clipboard Copy = Ctrl + C
group in Home tab, Cut = Ctrl + X
click on Copy/Cut button. Paste = Ctrl + V

: Bring the insertion point
(cursor) at the desired
place.

: From the Clipboard
group in Home tab, click
on Paste button.

Formatting Text

What is formatting?

Formatting is the process of arranging the text in a document in such
way so that it looks attractive and easily readable. Microsoft provides many
features to format characters, paragraphs, and pages.

Font Size

Font List

Font colour

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Changing the font, font size, and font color

Step 1 : Select the target text.
Step 2 : To change Font,
Choose the desired font from Font list of Font Group in Home tab.

Step 3 : To change Font Size,
Choose the appropriate font size from the drop down arrow of Font Size.

Step 4 : To change Font Color,
Choose the appropriate font colour from the drop down arrow of Font Color.

Keyboard Shortcuts:
Increase font size : Ctrl + Shift + >

Decrease font size : Ctrl + Shift + <

Making the text bold, italicing, and underlining

These commands are used to give emphasis to some texts of your document.

Bold : Making a text darker

Italic : Slanting text at an angle

Underline : Giving a line beneath the text

Step 1 : Select the required text.

Step 2 : Select B for the Bold from Font group on Home
tab.

Select I for the Italic Keyboard Shortcuts:
from Font group on Bold – Ctrl + B
Home tab.
Select U for Underline Italic – Ctrl + I
from Font group on
Home tab. Underline – Ctrl + U

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Bold, Italic and
Underline

Bold Italic Underline

Bold, Italic and Underline

Using Undo and Redo Command

Sometimes you want to cancel the last action done. For this, you can use the
Undo command. If you want to reverse the action of Undo command, you
can use the Redo command.

For Undo: For Redo:

Click on Undo button. Click on Redo button
or or

Press Ctrl + Z Press Ctrl + Y

Highlighting Text Text Highlight Colour

You can highlight the target text of your document by
placing a colored transparent rectangle over it.

Step 1 : From the Font group on Home tab,
click on Text Highlight Color
drop-down arrow.

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Step 2 : Select highlight color of your choice.
Step 3 : Select the target text you want to highlight.

Highlighted Text

Superscript and Subscript

Superscript : It reduces the size of the selected text and raises
above the normal line.

Example : 12th Bhadra. Here, 'th' after the number 12 is a superscript.

Subscript : It reduces the size of the selected text and lowers
below the normal line.
Example :
H 0. Here, the digit '2' is a Keyboard Shortcuts:
Step 1 : su2bscript. Superscript: Ctrl + +
Step 2 : Select the required text. Subscript : Ctrl + =
From the Font group on Home Underline : Ctrl + U
tab, click on Superscript or
Subscript button as required.

2. Click the Subscript button

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WordArt

WordArt is a text-styling tool of MS Word. It allows users to create stylized
text with various special effects like outlines, shapes, textures, and many
other designs.

Inserting a WordArt

Step 1 : Place the insertion point where you want the WordArt.

Step 2 : Click on Insert tab

Step 3 : From the Text group on Insert tab, click on Insert WordArt
drop-down arrow.

Step 4 : Select a WordArt style. The placeholder text "Your text here"
appears with the text highlighted.

Step 5 : Enter your own text to replace the placeholder text.

Format Painter

This command is used to copy the format (not text), which you have already
applied to another text.

Step 1 : Select the text to copy its Keyboard Shortcuts:
Step 2 : format. Copy Format : Shift + Ctrl + C
From the Clipboard Paste Format : Shift + Ctrl + V
group on Home tab, click
on Format Painter. The
mouse pointer changes to Format Painter icon.

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Step 3 : Select the target text on which you want to apply the copied
format.

Note: Press Esc key or again click on Format Painter button to exit.

2 1

Click on Format Painter Select text

Laxmi Prasad Devkota (12 November 1909- 14
September 1959) was a Nepali poet. Honoured
with the title of Maha Kavi in Nepali literature, he
is known as the poet with the golden heart.

Bhanubhakta Acharya

Laxmi Prasad Devkota (12 November 1909- 14
September 1959) was a Nepali poet. Honoured
with the title of Maha Kavi in Nepali literature, he
is known as the poet with the golden heart.

Select the desired text 3

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Grow/Shrink Font

Grow Font command increases the size of font by one point and Shrink
Font command decreases the size of font by one point.

Step 1 : Select the target text.

Step 2 : From the Font Group
on Home Tab, click on
Grow Font or Shrink Grow Font Shrink Font
Font as required.

Bullets and Numbering

Bullets and Numbering tools are useful while you are typing a list of items.

Monitor i) Monitor
Keyboard ii) Keyboard
Mouse iii) Mouse
Printer iv) Printer

List with Bullets List with Numbering

Creating a list with Bullets

Step 1 : Type a list and select it.

Step 2 : From the Paragraph group on Home tab, click on
Bullets drop-down arrow.

Step 3 : Select the of your choice bullet.

Now, the selected bullets are applied to the list.

Step 2

Step 3 85
Step 1

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Creating a list with Numbers

Step 1 : Type a list and select it.

Step 2 : From the Paragraph group on Home tab, click on
Numbering drop-down arrow.

Step 3 : Select the desired numbering.

Now, the selected numbering is applied to the list.

Step 2

Step 1

Step 3

Saving a New Document

Sometimes, you need to save your document to use in future. Follow the
given steps to save your document.

Step 1 : Click on File menu.
Step 2 : Click on Save option from the list.
While saving a
Step 3 : document for the
first time, the
Save As backstage
window appears.
Click on Browse
button. A Save As
window appears.

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Step 5 : Choose Drive and Folder where you want to save the
Step 6 : document.
Type file name in File Name text box.
Click on Save.
The extension of MS-Word file is docx.

Closing a Document

Follow the given steps to close your
word document:

Step 1 : Click on File menu.
Step 2 : Click on Close.

Note: When you try closing a document without saving, MS-Word displays a
message box if you would like to save the file.

Opening a saved Document

Follow the given steps to open any saved
document:

Step 1 : Click on File menu and then
Open option.
Step 2 :
The Open backstage window Keyboard Shortcuts:
Step 3 : will appear. To save a document : Ctrl + S
Step 4 : Click on the Recent document To open a document : Ctrl + O
or Click on Browse button.

The Open dialog box appears. To print a document : Ctrl + P

Choose the required file.

Click on Open.

Previewing and Printing a Document

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When you are ready for printing your Word document, it is a good practice
to preview the document before you send for final printing.

Follow the given steps to see the preview:

Step 1 : Open the document for which you want to see the preview.
Step 2 : Click on File menu and then Print option.

A preview of the document is displayed on the right side.
Use the scroll bar to see other part of the document.
Step 3 : Press on Esc key to go to the actual content of the document.

Printing a Document

After previewing document, you can print your document. Make sure your
computer is connected to a printer.

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Step 2 : Click on File menu and then Print option.
Step 3 : A preview window appears.
Apply necessary Settings, if required.
Click on Print button to print your document.

POINTS TO REMEMBER

Ribbon contains several tabs such as Home, Insert, etc.
Working area is the place where you type, edit, and format your text.
Highlighting text means placing a colored transparent rectangle over it.
Superscript reduces the size of the selected text and raises it above the normal
line.
Subscript reduces the size of the selected text and lowers it below the normal
line.
The special type of computer program used for word processing is called
Word Processor.
The process of making changes in the document is called editing.
Formatting is the process of arranging the text in a document in such way so
that it looks attractive and easily readable.
Undo command allows us to cancel the last action done.
Redo command reverses the action of Undo command.
WordArt is a text-styling tool of MS-Word.
Format Painter is used to copy the format (not text).

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Exercise

1. Answer the following questions:

a) Define Word Processing.
b) What is Word Processor? Give some examples of it.
c) Write down any three features of MS-Word.
d) Write down the process of saving your document in MS-Word in steps.
e) What is formatting and editing?

2. Tick (√) the correct option (MCQ's):

a) The WordArt button is present on the ...................................... tab.

(i) Layout (ii) Design (iii) Home (iv) Insert

b) Keyboard shortcut for Undo command is ...................................... .

(i) Ctrl+V (ii) Ctrl+X (iii) Ctrl+Z (iv) Ctrl+U

c) ...................................... contains several tabs such as Home, Insert, etc.

(i) Dialog Box (ii) Ribbon (iii) Window (iv) Group

d) Making changes in the document is ...................................... .

(i) formatting (ii) editing (iii) processing (iv) highlighting

e) ...................................... reduces the font size and raises the text above the
normal line.

(i) Superscript (ii) Subscript (iii) Grow Font (iv) Shrink Font

3. State whether the following statements are True or False:

a) Subscript reduces the size and lowers the text below the normal line.
b) Grow Font command increases the size of font by one point.
c) Title bar is located at the bottom of MS-Word window.
d) Keyboard shortcut to copy format only is Shift+Ctrl+C.
e) Redo command allows us to cancel the last action done.

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4. Match the icons to their names.

Group A Group B

(a) (i) Format Painter

(b) (ii) Undo

(c) (iii) Grow Font

(d) (iv) Copy

(e) (v) Text Highlighting

(f) (vi) MS-Word

5. Write down the keyboard shortcuts for the following tasks.

a) Undo : .................................................................

b) Cut : .................................................................

c) Select One character to the right : .................................................................

d) Select a whole document : .................................................................

e) Increase font size : .................................................................

f) Underline : .................................................................

g) Superscript : .................................................................

h) Print a document : .................................................................

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6. Complete the crossword given below.

ACROSS
1 Lowers the text below the normal line
7 Contains several tabs in MS-Word window
8 Text-styling tool

DOWN
2 Creating duplicate of selected text
3 Name of tab that contains Text group
4 Reverses the action of UNDO command
5 Command to type in Run window to run MS-Word
6 Process of making changes in the document

1 23

4

5

67

8

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Lab Activities

A) Type the given text in Microsoft Word.

Computer Keyboard Mouse CPU
H SO (a+b)2 a3+3a2b+3ab2+b3 Fe O

24 23

B) Type the following text in MS-Word.

Rara Lake is the biggest and deepest fresh water lake in the Himalayas in Nepal.
It is the main feature of Rara National Park, located in Jumla and Mugu Districts.
In September 2007, it was declared a Ramsar site, covering 1,583 ha (6.11 sq. mi)
including the surrounding wetland. Rara Lake lies at an altitude of 2,990 m (9,810
ft) above the sea level. It has a water surface of 10.8 km2 (4.2 sq. mi), a maximum
depth of 167 m (548 ft.). It is 5.1 km (3.2 mi) long and 2.7 km (1.7 mi) wide.

Now:
a) Erase the words 'fresh water' from first line.
b) Make 'Rara Lake' bold.
c) Underline all the numeric value in the above text.
d) Save the document in D: drive titled "Rara Lake"

C) Type the following paragraph in MS-Word.

The Cows and the Tiger

Four cows lived in a forest near a meadow. They were good friends and did everything
together. They grazed together and stayed together, because of which no tigers or
lions were able to kill them for food.

But one day, the friends fought and each cow went to graze in a different direction.
A tiger and a lion saw this and decided that it was the perfect opportunity to kill the
cows. They hid in the bushes, surprised the cows, and killed them all, one by one.

Moral

Unity is strength.

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Now:
a) Format the heading "The Cows and the Tiger" with suitable font size and colour.

Apply bold format and underline it.
b) Change the font size of first paragraph.
c) Change the font style of second paragraph.
d) Apply suitable formatting options to the Moral part of the above story.
e) Save the document.

D) Type the name of SAARC countries and apply suitable bullets or
numbering.

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Lesson Introduction to
Spreadsheet
9

A spreadsheet is known as a paper sheet which has a set of rows and columns
that make a grid and allows user to save, sort, and manage data in a tabular
form. It is also known as a worksheet. A grid of 5 rows and 3 columns is
given below:

Column 1 Column 2 Column 3

Row 1 Cell Row
Row 2 Column
Row 3
Row 4
Row 5

Showing rows, column and cell in spreadsheet.

Rows are horizontal in nature and Columns are vertical. The intersection
of a row and a column makes a Cell. In the above figure, the dotted orange
rectangle indicates a row, the blue indicates a column, and the red portion
indicates a cell.

Uses of Spreadsheet

Used to save and sort data in the form of row and column
Used in calculations
Used to draw chart and graph
Used to analyse the data

Electronic Spreadsheet Microsoft Excel Libre Office Google Sheet

It is a tool made of rows and columns
containing the numeric value. It can
solve all kinds of numeric problems like
equation, graph, addition, subtraction,
etc.

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The first electronic spreadsheet was developed in 1978 and was called
VisiCalc. In 1983, Lotus Development Corporation developed another
spreadsheet software called Lotus 1-2-3 for the IBM PC. Microsoft Excel
is the most popular spreadsheet software.

Microsoft Excel

Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet and worksheet MS Excel
application developed by Microsoft Corporation.
Excel is a part of the Microsoft Office suite. The first
version of Excel was released for the Mac in 1985 and
the first Windows version was released in November
1987.

Features of MS-Excel

It allows us to do calculations using different formulae.
It allows us to create charts using effects like shading, text effects,
color and 3D effects.
It allows us to organize and manage large amount of data. This data
can be listed, sorted, or filtered.
It helps us to work with large amount of data from different worksheets.

How to Open MS-Excel

Step 1 : On the Windows desktop, click on Search Windows icon.

Step 2 : Find Windows Search Box.

Step 3 : In the search box, type excel.

Step 4 : Click on Excel 2016 (or other version) option in the search
results.

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Windows Search Box

Click here to run MS-Excel

Alternative method to run MS-Excel

Step 1 : Press on Windows Key and R at the same time. Run window
appears.
Step 2 : Type ‘excel’ as shown in the figure above.
Step 3 : Finally, click on OK button.

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MS-Excel Window

1

2 4 5
3 7

6

1 File Tab : MS- Excel Window

2 Name Box : This tab appears on the upper-left corner.
3 Active Cell : Click on this button displays a menu to
4 Formula Bar : create a new file, open a file, save a file, etc.
This shows the name (reference) of active
5 Column Heading : cell.
6 Row Heading : A cell that is selected is called the active cell.
7 Sheet Tab : It has a dark border around it.
This is the place in the worksheet where you
enter the formula. It also displays the value
entered in the excel cell.
It is an alphabetic value. It is a column name.
It is a numeric value. It is a row number.
It is used to add/delete sheet or switch from
one sheet to another.

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Commonly Used Terms in Spreadsheet

Workbook : The file that is used in the spreadsheet is
known as a workbook. Workbooks are made
up of worksheets or spreadsheets.

Worksheet : Worksheet refers to the row and column
matrix sheet. It is used to list, organise
and calculate data.

Rows and Columns : The horizontal lines of cells are called rows.
The vertical lines on cells are called columns.

Cell : Cell is the smallest unit of the spreadsheet.
Intersection of a row and a column is called
a cell. A cell can contain a numeric value, a
formula, or a text entry. To refer to a cell,
enter the column letter followed by the row
number.

For example: D7 is the intersection of column
D and row 7.

Entering Data in a Cell

To enter data into cells, follow the steps given below:

Click on a cell where you want to enter data.
This is the active cell.
The arrow keys on the keyboard can also be
used to move from cell to cell.
Suppose you want to enter ‘Rabina” in column A, row 2 (cell A2), and the
number 87 in the cell B2.

Proceed as follows:
Step 1 : Click on the cell A2.
Step 2 : Type ‘Rabina’ and Press on Enter.
Step 3 : Click on the cell B2.
Step 4 : Type 87 and press on Enter.

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Data Types

You can enter various kinds of data in a cell. There are two types of data:
Numbers and Text

Numbers:

It can be a whole number (example: 45, –67) or a decimal number (example:
456.3, 4.5). You can do addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division
with such numbers.

Text:

It can be a single character (example: G, c) or a group of characters (example:
Ram, Sunday, Nepal). It also supports alphanumeric values, such as A30,
SE89, etc.

Formula
Text Number

Saving a Workbook

You need to save your workbook to use in the future. Follow the given steps
to save your document.

Step 1 : Click on File menu.
Step 2 : Click on Save option from the list.
While saving a workbook for the first time, Save As backstage
window appears.

Step 3 : Click on Browse button. A Save As window appear.
Step 4 : Choose Drive and Folder where you want to save the
document.

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