2 0 2 3 RESEARCH PROFILES & CONSULTANCY PROJECTS Faculty of Civil Engineering UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA 2ND EDITION
TABLE OF CONTENT 01 FORWARD by the Dean of the Faculty of Civil Engineering (FKA) 03 FKA RESEARCH CENTRE & GROUP STRUCTURE 04 NICHE AREA 05 RESEARCH TEAM 06 RESEARCH CENTRE Forensic Engineering (FEC) Construction Research Centre (CRC) Centre of Tropical Geoengineering (Geotropik) Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Water Security (IPASA) Centre for River and Coastal Engineering (CRCE) 1-7 8-13 14 15-28 29-43 02 FORWARD by the Deputy Dean of Research, Innovation and Development I II III IV V
07 RESEARCH GROUP 08 CONSULTATION PROJECT 09 LIST OF CONSULTATION PROJECT Construction Materials Research Group (CMRG) Engineering Seismology and Earthquake Engineering Research (eSEER) Industrialize System (IS) Reliability Engineering and Safety Assessment Research Group (RESA) Steel and Composite Construction Research Group (SCC) Structural Assessment Forensic Engineering (SAFE) UTM GREENPrompt Geotechnic Research Group (GRG) Pavement and Transportation Research Group (PTRG) Waste Recovery (WR) Water & Wastewater Treatment (WWT) Impact & Restoration on Water Bodies (IRWB) Eco-Hydrology (EH) Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) 55-61 62 63-66 67 68-76 77 78-96 97-108 109-116 117 118-120 121-122 123 45-54 124-167 169-176 10 SPECIAL APPERIACITION 177
Assalamualaikum wrm.wbt, It is with great pleasure that I welcome you to the latest edition of FKA Research Profile & Consultancies Project Magazine, showcasing the remarkable achievements and ground-breaking advancements in the field of Civil Engineering. I am honoured to introduce this compilation of scholarly work that embodies the spirit of innovation, collaboration, and dedication pushing the boundaries of knowledge. In this magazine, you will find an array of research and consultancy projects that highlight the diversity and depth of our faculty's expertise. Our faculty members and dedicated researchers have delved into a broad spectrum of topics, ranging from sustainable construction practices and environmental engineering to smart infrastructure and disaster mitigation. These investigations not only expand our understanding of civil engineering principles but also offer practical solutions to positively impact communities worldwide. Moreover, this magazine serves as a testament to the collaborative nature of our faculty. Our researchers actively collaborate with industry partners, government agencies, and international institutions. By forging these meaningful connections, we foster an environment that promotes interdisciplinary research and facilitates the translation of theoretical concepts into tangible applications. I extend my heartfelt appreciation to the faculty members, researchers, and students who have dedicated their time, expertise, and resources to this magazine. Your contributions serve as a testament to our collective pursuit of excellence and our unwavering dedication to advancing civil engineering. Finally, I invite you to delve into the pages of this magazine, immerse yourself in the remarkable research endeavors contained within, and be inspired by the potential of civil engineering to shape a better future. Together, let us continue to drive innovation, and make a lasting impact to the communication and the nation. Prof. Dr. Edy Tonnizam bin Mohamad Dean, Faculty of Civil Engineering Yours Sincerely, (+60)7-553 1581 PROF. DR. EDY TONNIZAM BIN MOHAMAD Dean, Faculty of Civil Engineering FAKULTI KEJURTERAAN AWAM, UTM i
Alhamdulillah, I am grateful to Allah SWT that the Faculty of Civil Engineering (FKA) has successfully produced this Research profile book. It contains all relevant information on various research disciplines at the faculty, representing 14 different research groups. UTM was rewarded and established as a Research University in 2010. Therefore, UTM must comply with the Kementerian Pendidikan Tinggi (KPT) requirement to produce excellent academic data output. The major one is the research component. Research in UTM focuses on five major disciplines viz Frontier Materials, Innovative Engineering, Health and Wellness, Resource Sustainability, and Smart Digital Community. To keep up with the output demand, the task was cascaded to the Faculty of Civil Engineering to coordinate the activities. Sufficient funding and good postgraduate students are among the reasons research flourishes. Currently, 70% of our research funds acquired by the FKA staff are from the public sector, and internal funding is from Research Management Centre (RMC), UTM. In the future, staff must strive for funding from international and private sectors. Thus, recognition, collaboration, and understanding of the staff and the credibility of the faculty are needed to secure research grants. In this second and updated version, information on consultancy works is also included. The involvement of academicians with outside consultancy work helps them a lot in teaching engineering students. By producing this research profile book, more info can be disseminated to visitors, government agencies, and both public and private sectors on various research activities conducted by FKA staff. FKA welcomes cooperation with any interested parties/agencies regarding research and consultancy to work closely with our experts in various disciplines. I want to acknowledge and extend my heartfelt appreciation to all Research Team Members and Research Groups for their involvement in producing this FKA-Research profile book. May this book be beneficial to the faculty and everyone else. Yours truly, PROF. MADYA IR. TS. DR AHMAD SAFUAN A RASHID Deputy Dean (Research, Innovation and Development) (+60)7-553 1581 ASSOC. PROF. IR. TS. DR AHMAD SAFUAN A RASHID Deputy Dean (Research, Innovation and Development) FAKULTI KEJURTERAAN AWAM, UTM ii
FKA RESEARCH CENTRE & GROUP STRUCTURE Multi Discipline Research Group WR Waste Recovery CRCE Centre for River and Coastal Engineering CRC Construction Research Centre CMRG Construction Materials Research Group RESA Reliability Engineering and Safety Assessment Research Group TNCPI RISE ISIIC iii RESEARCH ALLIANCE RESEARCH INSTITUTE TDPI FKA WWT Water & Wastewater Treatment IPASA Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Water Security IRWB Impact & Restoration on Water Bodies EH Eco-Hydrology IWRM Integrated Water Resource Management IS Industrialize System SCC Steel and Composite Construction Research Group UTM GP UTM GreenPrompt FEC Forensic Engineering SAFE Structural Assessment Forensic Engineering e-SEER Engineering Seismology and Earthquake Engineering Research GEOTROPIK Centre of Tropical Geoengineering GRG Geotechnic Research Group PTRG Pavement and Transportation Research Group Single Discipline Research Group Research Institute for Sustainable Environment Institute for Smart Infrastructure and Innovative Construction Deputy Dean (Research, Innovation & Development) Deputy Vice Chancellor (Research & Innovation)
Water Security Geoengineering and Natural Hazards Detail Augmentation in Civil Engineering Smart and Resilient Infrastructure NICHE AREA Transportation Advancement iv
Mdm. Azura Abu Bakar Office Secretary RESEARCH TEAM Assoc. Prof. Ir. Ts. Dr. Ahmad Safuan A Rashid Deputy Dean (Research, Innovation and Development Mdm. Zurina Rosmani Knowledge Management/ Research Consultation Officer Ts. Dr. Mohd Idham Mohd Satar Research Manager V
RESEARCH CENTRES Forensic Engineering (FEC) Construction Research Centre (CRC) Centre of Tropical Geoengineering (Geotropik) Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Water Security (IPASA) Centre for River and Coastal Engineering (CRCE)
FORENSIC ENGINEERING CENTRE (FEC) Failure Investigation Vibration Based Damage Detection Materials Characterization Safety in Construction Concrete Strengthening Method Structural Health Monitoring Concrete Technology Structural Assessment & Rehabilitation Artificial Neural Network For further details, please contact: ABOUT FEC: NICHE AREA FAP Ts Dr. Izni Syahrizal Ibrahim (Director) Precast Concrete Design & Construction AP Ts Ir. Dr. Ma Chau Khun (Deputy Director) Structural Retrofitting AP Ir. Dr. Mohd Azreen Mohd Ariffin (Research Fellow) Civil Engineering Material Ir. Dr. Noor Nabilah binti Sarbini (Research Fellow) Building Condition Assessment Dr. Khairul Hazman Padil (Associate Research Fellow) Dynamic Analysis & Vibration Nur Fatimah Marwar (Research Officer) Structural Assessment and Forensic Engineering (SAFE) (Associate Research Group) Civil Engineering Testing Unit (CETU) Associate Laboratory COLLABORATORS: FLAGSHIP PROJECT Structural Assessment Forensic Engineering Centre (FEC) was established in February 2015 to be a centre of knowledge management in issues related to forensic engineering. FEC is an interdisciplinary academic service centre for research and development, consultancy and graduate and professional training in forensic study on building and infrastructure related areas and covers not only Civil and Structural Engineering but also, Environmental, Mechanical, Chemical and Electrical Engineering. https://fec.utm.my Health Monitoring Material Assessment & Testing GROUP MEMBERS Head of Research Group ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR TS DR. IZNI SYAHRIZAL IBRAHIM Dept. of Structure & Materials Faculty of Civil Engineering UTM Email: [email protected] 1
Vibration Monitoring FORENSIC ENGINEERING CENTRE (FEC) PROJECT DESCRIPTION Vibration monitoring test was carried out at two (2) different floor levels at the factory. Cracks were found on some of the slab panels, and material testing had been previously conducted and reported. The investigation was then continued to monitor the vibration of the building due to the movement of heavy machinery https://fec.utm.my Forensic Investigation Method (3-Storey Building Slab Panel Crack, Pasir Gudang, Johor, 2022) OBJECTIVES To monitor the vibrational value of the steady state vibration on each floor of the building. To identify the vertical vibration peak velocity during the operational time of the factory. To compare the recorded velocity with the allowable velocity provided by the Department of Environment (DoE), Malaysia. 1. 2. 3. The vibration test shows that the highest peak velocity was recorded at 1.73 mm/s and 1.22 mm/s at FF1 for Slab 1 and Slab 2, respectively, which were below the allowable safe limit of 3 mm/s. The vibration test shows that the highest peak velocity was recorded at 1.06 mm/s and 2.25 mm/s at FF2 for Slab 1 and Slab 2, respectively, which were below the allowable safe limit of 3 mm/s. The vibration test shows that the highest peak velocity was recorded at 7.24 mm/s and 5.39 mm/s at FF2 when they are under heavy machinery operational load for Slab 1 and Slab 2, respectively, which were higher than the allowable safe limit of 3 mm/s. 1. 2. 3. FINDINGS Time domain data for the velocity of all sensors HYPOTHESIS OF FAILURE This is to check any excessive vibration excited on the building that may contribute to the cracking on the slab panels. The main aim of the test is to monitor and identify the vibrational value (vertical vibration peak velocity) during operational time. For enquiries: FORENSIC ENGINEERING CENTRE, Block D04, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Tel: +607-5531931, email: [email protected], http://fec.utm.my Time domain data for the acceleration of all sensors Comparison between recorded velocity and allowable safe limit CONCLUSION The hypothesis is proven accurate 2
Vibration Based Damage Detection FORENSIC ENGINEERING CENTRE (FEC) BACKGROUND OF THE INCIDENCE The integrity assessment involves conducting numerical analyses and field operational modal analysis by using the properties of the girder with plinth as the baseline data. This assessment is based on the properties of the U-girder with plinth obtained by using vibration-based techniques. https://fec.utm.my Forensic Case Study (Girder Chipping, Klang, Selangor, 2022) HYPHOTHESIS OF FAILURE This work was carried out due to the concrete chipping incidents at one of U-girders that have undergone a hacking process for the purpose of plinth removal. Since the hacking process has also involved another 13 units of U-girder at the same location, structural integrity assessment needs to be done to find out the changes of stiffness of the 13 units of U-girder in comparison with the undamaged condition. 7172L to be removed and replaced. 7273L to undergo a detail inspection and recalculation of the structural capacity based on data obtained from tests to confirm the further action (retrofit or replace). 6970L,7071L,7374L,7475L,7576L,7677L,7778L,7980L, 8081L and 8182L require retrofitting to install its original dynamic characteristics (stiffness). 7879L is intact, no retrofitting required. Any visible cracks need to be repaired. Structural dynamic test should be redone for the retrofitted girders to confirm the original stiffnesses are restored. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. SUGGESTION 1st mode (12.02 Hz) INVESTIGATION FLOW The work includes on-site structural dynamic test (modal test) to determine the natural frequencies and mode shape of the affected U-girders, modal analysis, and numerical analysis, to determine the stiffness changes of the affected U-girders in comparison of undamaged condition of the Ugirder (baseline). For enquiries: FORENSIC ENGINEERING CENTRE, Block D04, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Tel: +607-5531931, email: [email protected], http://fec.utm.my Frequency Response Function FINDINGS Girder 7172L experienced significant stiffness reduction (-24.53%) indicating that the girder is in damaged condition. Girder 7273L also show obvious reduction in stiffness value which may be due to accumulation of microcracks on the girder. Girders 7374L and 7475L experience slight above the acceptable range of natural frequency shift with slight reduction of stiffness (5.68% and 7.72%) 6970L, 7071L, 7576L, 7677L, 7778L, 7980L, 8081L, 8182L are experiencing natural frequency shifts within the acceptable range (<5%) with minor structural stiffness. Girder 7879L is consider as undamaged girder 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 3rd mode (29.13 Hz) 3
Structural Retrofit using the Pre-tensioned Stiffened Steel Angles FORENSIC ENGINEERING CENTRE (FEC) PROJECT DESCRIPTION The pre-tensioned stiffened steel angles retrofit technique was proposed to retrofit the important structures component, i.e., beam-column joint. This retrofit technique was aimed to transform the failure mode from the joint shear failure to beam failure and enhance the seismic behaviours. https://fec.utm.my Research and Innovation (Researcher : Assoc. Prof. Ir. Ts Dr. Ma Chau Khun) HYPHOTHESIS OF FAILURE This proposed pre-tensioned stiffened steel angles able to transform the joint shear failure to beam failure. Two types of beam failure will be formed with different sizes of pre-tensioned steel angles used, i.e., small steel angles will resulted beam flexural failure while large steel angles will resulted beam shear failure mode. Load-displacement Envelope Curve of the tested beam-column joints. OBJECTIVES To investigate the applicability of using pretensioned stiffened steel angles for retrofitting deficient beam-column joints under cyclic load to transform the joint shear failure to beam failure. To assess the seismic behaviours in terms of load-carrying capacity, stiffness degradation, ductility, energy dissipation capacity, and joint shear distortion after retrofitting the deficient beam-column joint. To compare the effect of pre-tensioned stiffened steel angles sizes on the beam failure mode. 1. 2. 3. For enquiries: FORENSIC ENGINEERING CENTRE, Block D04, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Tel: +607-5531931, email: [email protected], http://fec.utm.my b. Large Pre-tensioned Stiffened Steel Angles FINDINGS The pre-tensioned stiffened steel angles successfully transformed the joint shear failure mode to beam failure mode. The seismic behaviours of the retrofitted deficient beam-column joints were enhanced. The ductility and energy dissipation capacity of the small pre-tensioned stiffened steel angles was enhanced by 135% and 296%,respectively as compared with control beam-column joint. The large stiffened steel angles resulted beam shear failure mode with mainly enhance the load-carrying capacity while small stiffened steel angles resulted beam flexural failure mode with significantly enhance the ductility and energy dissipation capacity. 1. 2. 3. a. Control c. Large Pre-tensioned Stiffened Steel Angles CONCLUSION The hypothesis is proven accurate 4
Concrete Repair Technique using Pre-tensioned Steel Straps Confinement FORENSIC ENGINEERING CENTRE (FEC) https://fec.utm.my For enquiries: FORENSIC ENGINEERING CENTRE, Block D04, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Tel: +607-5531931, email: [email protected], http://fec.utm.my Steel strapping confinement (a) Steel straps; (b) Confined specimens; (c) Tensioner HSC columns failed in brittle and sudden manner, however, applying SSTT, the columns were failed in more ductile manner as it improves the deformability of both short and slender HSC column. The typical failure mode of repaired HSC indicates that the confined HSC failed at the rupture of steel straps resulting immediate loss of confining pressure. Such failure mode is not associated with the variation of confining volumetric ratio or pre-damaged level. Damaged degree is an important factor and needed to be considered in estimating the ultimate strength and strain of repaired concrete. In general, it was found that the ultimate strength reduced with the increase of concrete damaged degree. Whilst the ultimate strain increased with damaged degree. Pre-tensioning steel straps confinement increase the rigidity concrete damaged at pre-damaged levels 50%. 1. 2. 3. 4. PROJECT DESCRIPTION The current study extends the state-of-art of confining works using steel straps to repair and rehabilitate damaged high strength concrete (HSC) columns. The specimens were preloaded to damage the cylinders to simulate the situations where concrete was damaged at 50% of axial load capacity. The damaged specimens were repaired using surface grouts and pre-tensioned steel straps. The specimens were confined with different spacing and confinement layers of steel straps to test the efficiency of concrete repairing. Research and Innovation (Researcher : Assoc. Prof. Ir. Ts Dr. Ma Chau Khun) HYPHOTHESIS OF FAILURE All of the specimens failed after the steel straps at approximately mid height of the specimen. All specimens failed in the same manner with disregard of pre-damaged levels. At ultimate load, minor concrete crushing and disintegration can be observed at approximately mid-span the repaired columns. The columns still remained intact after the failure. Steel strapping has prevented the columns from crushing and collapsing. The typical failure mode of repaired HSC indicates that the confined HSC failed at the rupture of steel straps resulting immediate loss of confining pressure. OBJECTIVES To determine the pre-tensioned confinement effects in improving axial strain and axial stress capacity of HSC cylinder specimens. To assess the pre-damage level effects on the axial stress-strain behaviour of confined HSC columns with pre-tensioned confinement effects. To assess the suitability of implement pretensioned steel straps techniques on repairing HSC columns. 1. 2. 3. APPROACH The damaged columns are repaired using surface grouts and are confined externally with steel straps. This method utilises the concept of strengthening concrete by confinement into the repair of concrete column. The strengthening of concrete column is done by restricting the lateral dilation of concrete column. 1. 2. 3. FINDINGS PRODUCT FEATURES Applied externally to repair damaged concrete. Effective for high strength concrete. Achieve higher strength and ductility. Cheaper as compared to other repair technique. Customisable spacing and layers. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. BENEFITS Improves the strength and ductility. Prevent sudden failure. Effective for high strength concrete. Low cost to repair. 1. 2. 3. 4. CONCLUSION The hypothesis is proven accurate Compression setup 5
FORENSIC ENGINEERING CENTRE (FEC) https://fec.utm.my For enquiries: FORENSIC ENGINEERING CENTRE, Block D04, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Tel: +607-5531931, email: [email protected], http://fec.utm.my ABOUT THIS SEMINAR In this seminar, the compendiums of case studies will be presented by experienced speakers who are practicing engineers and academicians from different areas in forensic civil engineering investigation. These include failure criteria, assessment, reporting, monitoring, maintenance, repair techniques in civil engineering structures. To enhance participants' understanding of the case study or technology presented, a demonstration or hands-on session will be included. WHO SHOULD ATTEND THIS SEMINAR? Engineers frequently deal with old & aging structures. These need competency in dealing issues with structural failure, rehabilitation and maintenance. Furthermore, due to rapid urbanization which consequently causes failure in construction, civil and structural engineers must remain vigilant on safety, quality, life cycle of the structure and sustainability. OBJECTIVES Provide a venue for information exchange amongst persons with in-depth knowledge and experience in domains linked to forensic engineering; Expose both domestic and international civil engineers to the newest forensic engineering technology Emphasize the knowledge of UTM and FEC in the industry and vice versa iForCES was organized to 1. 2. 3. This seminar is intended for engineers, consultants, managers, and technical professionals from both the public and private sectors. Academics and students from higher education institutions are also welcome. WHY THIS SEMINAR IS IMPORTANT? Activity (Seminar) International Forensic Engineering Seminar (iForCES) 6
FORENSIC ENGINEERING CENTRE (FEC) https://fec.utm.my For enquiries: FORENSIC ENGINEERING CENTRE, Block D04, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Tel: +607-5531931, email: [email protected], http://fec.utm.my ABOUT THIS PRODUCT Ensure the building is safe to occupy, Determine the defects, hazards, and failure of the building, Monitor the building asset conditions, Prevent building collapses, Recommend effective repair and rehabilitation works. The product is used to monitor the structural health of a building by: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Activity (Seminar) NOVELTY OF PRODUCT The concept is developed based on the gap on the necessity of automated data management process to inspect building with damaged. Device systematic process Fast data analysis system Report promising results 1. 2. 3. HIGHLIGHTS Need : The safety and protection of the occupants should always come first. Approach : Evaluate & monitor the structural health of building. Benefit : A Good Building Inspection Today, Keeps the Doctors Away. Competition : The invention offer a systematic inspection process and recommend repair works & cost to the stakeholders. This product is a tool to be used in the stages of mitigation, prevention, and readiness to avert significant disasters brought on by building failure and damages as a result of a lack of building monitoring. 1. 2. 3. 4. ADVANTAGES OF PRODUCT (Researcher : Ir. Dr. Noor Nabilah Sarbini) PRODUCT FEATURES Building Damage Inspection System 7
SMART BIO-CONCRETE INDIGENOUS BACTERIA TO PROLONG CONCRETE LIFESPAN (IP/PT/2018/0738) PRODUCT FEATURES •Locally isolated bacteria to self-heal concrete cracks. •Fast crack healing process (0.5 mg/day of microbial calcium carbonate generated). •Heal cracks width up to 0.4 mm. •Stable induced microbial calcium carbonate formation in cracks. •Cheaper production cost (Urea Hydrolysis). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PRODUCT : Team Members: 1.AP. Dr. Suhaimi Abu Bakar 2.AP Dr Shafinaz Shahir 3.Dr Hassan Amer Ali Alghaifi 4.Dr Ahmad Razin Zainal Abidin 5.Dr Nor Hasanah Abdul Shukor Lim 6.Prof. Mahmood Md Tahir 7.Prof. Dr Norhazilan Md Noor 8.AP Ir Dr. Shek Poi Ngian 9.AP Dr Arizu Sulaiman 10. Prof. Ir Dr Rosli Mohamad Zin 11. Prof. Dr Muhd Zaimi Abd Majid 12. Dr Abdullah Zawawi Awang 13. Dr Nur Hafizah Abd Khalid 14. Siti Asma Abd Latif PI : AP DR Abdul Rahman Mohd Sam 8
PRODUCT FEATURES •New concept of construction system where no traditional columns and beams are needed. •50 percent faster and 30 percent cheaper as compared to the conventional reinforced concrete construction method. •Offer green construction approach and guaranteed the quality of the building •Suitable for low to medium cost housing and public building. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PRODUCT : Team Members: 1.PROF IR DR MAHMOOD MD TAHIR 2.AP DR ABDUL RAHMAN MOHD SAM 3.AP DR ARIZU SULAIMAN 4.TS DR EEYDZAH AMINUDIN 5.TS DR NOR HASANAH ABDUL SHUKOR LIM 6.DR AIN NAADIA MAZLAN 7.SITI ASMA ABD LATIF 8.MUHAMMAD ADAM MAHMOOD PI : AP IR DR SHEK Poi Ngian PRE-FABRICATED LOAD BEARING WALL PANELLING (PFWP) FOR INDUSTRIALIZED BUILDING CONSTRUCTION (PI 2020007188) 9
PRODUCT FEATURES •New concept of construction system where no traditional columns and beams are needed. •Produced by pressed method where the proposed mixture of the block is pressed with a compression machine. •Eliminate the burning process of brick and no formwork is required. •30 – 50 % cheaper compared than traditional methods. INTERLOCKING HOLLOW BLOCK SYSTEM (IHBS) WITH LOCAL ADDITIVES MATERIALS (PI 2020007189) BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PRODUCT : Team Members: 1.PROF IR DR MAHMOOD MD TAHIR 2.AP DR ABDUL RAHMAN MOHD SAM 3.PROF DR NORHAZILAN MD NOOR 4.AP DR ARIZU SULAIMAN 5.TS DR EEYDZAH AMINUDIN 6.TS DR NOR HASANAH ABDUL SHUKOR LIM 7.DR AIN NAADIA MAZLAN 8.SITI ASMA ABD LATIF 9.GERALD SUNDARAJ 10.MARIA ZURA M.ZAIN 11.SYED HAMED NAGUIB SYED AZMI PI : AP IR DR SHEK Poi Ngian 10
PRODUCT FEATURES -Low Carbon Concrete. -Use more than 80% of waste from oil palm industries in producing nanobiomass concrete. -Reduce the use of cement in concrete thus reduce the CO2 in atmosphere. -High strength (>80MPa) (2030kg/m3). -Medium strength (>30MPa) (1250kg/m3). -Low strength (>7MPa) (1090kg/m3). PALM ECO-CRETE (MY-171721-A) BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PRODUCT : Team Members: 1.Prof Mohd Warid Hussin 2.Prof. Mahmood Md Tahir 3.AP Dr Abdul Rahman Mohd Sam 4.Dr Abdullah Zawawi Awang 5.Dr Nur Hafizah Abd Khalid 6.Dr Mostafa Samadi 7.Dr Nur Farhayu Ariffin PI :Nor Hasanah Abdul Shukor Lim NOVELTY -Recycle and reuse large amount of waste from Palm Oil Industries. -Treatment of waste material in producing nano-biomass concrete. -Using high volume (>60%) Oil Palm Boiler Ash (OPBA). . 11
PRODUCT FEATURES -Low Carbon Concrete. -Use more than 80% of waste from oil palm industries in producing nanobiomass concrete. -Reduce the use of cement in concrete thus reduce the CO2 in atmosphere. -High strength (>80MPa) (2030kg/m3). -Medium strength (>30MPa) (1250kg/m3). -Low strength (>7MPa) (1090kg/m3). ECO LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE PANEL (IP/PT/2018/0574) BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PRODUCT : Team Members: 1.Prof. Mahmood Md Tahir 2.Prof. Mohd Warid Hussin 3.AP Dr Abdul Rahman Mohd Sam 4.AP Ir Dr. Shek Poi Ngian 5.AP Dr Arizu Sulaiman 6.Dr Nur Farhayu Ariffin 7.Dr Hamidun Mohd Noh 8.Dr Ain Naadia Mazlan 9.Dr Abdullah Zawawi Awang 10.Dr Nur Hafizah Abd Khalid 11. Dr EeydzahAminudin 12. Siti Asma Abdul Latif 13. Tan Shea Qin PI :Nor Hasanah Abdul Shukor Lim NOVELTY 12
Carbon Footprint Calculator for Malaysia Green Highway Index project is government project in cooperate with Lambaga Lebuhraya Malaysia (LLM) and UTM for CO2 and GHGs (direct and indirect) assessment over the full cycle of highway. The life cycle assessment (LCA) of CO2 includes design, construction, operation and maintenance phrases. The project promotes sustainable design and construction activities of the green highway which include Construction Management Plan, Air Pollutant Control, Innovation, Noise Mitigation Control, Equipment and Machineries Efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PRODUCT : Team Members: 1.Prof Ir Dr Rosli Mohamad Zin 2.AP Dr Rozana Zakaria 3.Prof Dr Zainura Zainon Noor 4.Prof Dr Mohd Rosli Hainin 5.AP Dr Abdul Rahman Mohd Sam 6.AP Dr Shek Poi Ngian 7.Dr NorhasanahShukor Lim 8.Mr Che Muhammad Fatihi Hafifi Che Wahid 9.Mr Muhammad Rozaid Ramli 10.Ms Monh Neardey 11.Mdm Fatimah Zahra Zakaria 12.Mdm Siti Asma Abd Latif 13.Mr Shahrir Amir (LLM) 14.Ms Suhayya Rofik (LLM) 15.Dr Rohaya Abdullah (LLM) 16.Dr NadzrolFadzillah Ahmad (LLM) PI :TS DR Eeydzah Aminudin SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT CARBON FOOTPRINT CALCULATOR FOR MALAYSIA GREEN HIGHWAY INDEX (IP/PT/2018/0574) PRODUCT FEATURES 13
Geological & Geophysical Exploration Geotechnical Engineering Services Tropical Soil, Rock & Subsurface Interaction Evaluation Excavation, Foundation, Slope Analysis Geomatics & Geospatial Information System (GIS) Groundwater Exploration (Rock Aquifer) Geoenvironment & Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Geohazard Assessment Quarrying & Mining Services Sustainability & Natural Resources Assessment Instrumentation & Monitoring Analysis Highway Pavement Engineering BRIEF DESCRIPTION Assoc. Prof. Sr. Dr. Tajul Ariffin Musa Geoinformation, GPS/GNSS networkbased positioning and atmospheric study Dr. Dayang Zulaika Abang Hasbollah Centre of Tropical Geoengineering (GEOTROPIK), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Email: [email protected] | [email protected] Phone: 011-63493588 | 07-5531766 Dr. Dayang Zulaika Abang Hasbollah Geology, Sedimentology, Carbon Sequestration OUR SERVICES CENTRE OF TROPICAL GEOENGINEERING (GEOTROPIK) GEOTROPIK is a service-based research centre that addresses tropical geoengineering issues in terms of academic and research knowledge by engaging with experts from industries and government agencies to benefit the community. NICHE AREA Tropical Geoengineering FLAGSHIP PROJECT Groundwater Exploration at UTM Geophysical characterization of tropically weathered rock mass for excavation purpose Study on Palu Donggala Earthquake Kerja pembaikan cerun di Kulai Pembangunan Mersing Geopark Underground utility surveying and mapping Research | Consulting | Advisory | Testing | Knowledge Sharing | Training Prof. Ts. Dr. Edy Tonnizam Mohamad Geology, Tropical Rock Engineering, Excavation, Quarrying and Rock Blasting, and Geoenvironment Prof. Ir. Dr. Azman Kassim Slope Engineering, Unsaturated Soil Mechanics, Soil Properties and Soil Modeling Assoc. Prof. Ir. Ts. Dr. Ahmad Safuan A Rashid Geotechnical and Ground Improvement Prof. Ir. Dr. Ramli Nazir Geotechnical Engineering (Foundations, Ground Improvement and Geotechnical Forensics Engineering) Dr. Wan Anom Wan Aris Geoinformati on, GPS/GNSS networkbased positioning Prof. Dr. Mohd Rosli Hainin Pavement Materials, Design, Construction and Rehabilitation For further details, please contact: Director of Research Centre 14
01 Rainfall data is an important element in water planning. However, due to installation and operational costs, rainfall monitoring stations are only installed at few selected places limiting the availability of capturing the high spatiotemporal variability of rainfall. One solution to this paucity is to provide a platform to the community to contribute by playing their role as citizen scientist in monitoring rainfall event in their vicinity using RainCrowd. RainCrowd is a crowd-based citizen science tool to monitor, collect and crowdsource rainfall occurrence and reporting. RainCrowd can supplement and validate the existing rain gauge networks and allow both quantitative and qualitative data collection, particularly in regions where otherwise no data would be available. It also allows the community to collect qualitative data and enable them to subjectively perceive the rainfall event and other climate parameters (extreme rainfall, wind, lightning, thunder, cloud cover), in addition to reporting observable incident and damage (e.g. flood, landslide, murky river) due to rainfall. This information is not able to be captured by the existing rain gauge and other measuring tools, hence, provides valuable data to the existing data collection system. CROWD-BASED RAINFALL OBSERVATION IN JOHOR RIVER BASIN, MALAYSIA INTRODUCTION CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY AND WATER SECURITY (IPASA) Zulfaqar Sa'adi (Postdoctoral Researcher) Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Water Security (IPASA), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia [email protected] OBJECTIVES 02 To train local community as citizen scientist in monitoring and collecting quantitative and qualitative rainfall data. APPROACH 03 To use RainCrowd as supplementary tool in rainfall monitoring. Self-train as Citizen Scientist RainCrowd Rainfall Data Collection Group Discussion at WhatsApp Group Quantitative & Qualitative Data To validate the rainfall event between Assessment RainCrowd and rain gauges across the river basin Data Validation Results & Mappings 15
RAINCROWD - CITIZEN SCIENCE RAINFALL MONITORING CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY AND WATER SECURITY (IPASA) 04 OUTPUT 05 Suitable for all community level. Dual language. Continuous education. Continuous rainfall monitoring. Quantitative & qualitative data interpretation by citizen scientist. Subjective perception of rainfall. Real-time reporting. Spatial and Temporal Mapping. Rain gauge and flood validation. Features and Benefits CONCLUSION RainCrowd is a potential data collection approach in water planning. It will be tested through citizen scientists project to be implemented in communities and schools at Johor River Basin, Johor. RainCrowd application is a promising approach to complement the existing observation networks to obtain both quantitative and qualitative rainfall data and is expected to improve rainfall data availability. 16
CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY AND WATER SECURITY (IPASA) Founded in 1994, Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Water Security (IPASA) was formerly known as the Institute of Environmental and Water Resource Management. With research fellows from various disciplines, IPASA have the relevant expertise to carry out transdisciplinary and integrated research, innovation and consultation towards finding pragmatic solutions for real-world problems related to environment and water. Our team of engineers, hydrologist, scientists and social scientists deliver these solutions through the application of advanced knowledge and leading-edge technologies to industries, public agencies and communities. Our efforts are built around our main activities: CENTRE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY AND WATER SECURITY (IPASA) ABOUT Prof. Ts. Dr. Zainura Zainon Noor (Director) [email protected] RDCI Training and Short Course Knowledge Portal Policy Development & Enhancement RESEARCH, CONSULTANCY & SERVICES Our primary focus is working with numerous stakeholders while integrating our diverse environmental-related expertise to conduct impactful research and provide consultancy services towards improving environmental quality and achieving the sustainable development goals (SDGs). The current research areas include environmental impact assessment (EIA), climate change impact, green technology, life cycle assessment (LCA), carbon footprint, water and wastewater treatment technology, integrated water resources management, urban runoff management, waste recovery and water reuse. In these projects, we are working with local and international collaborators from various countries including Japan, Taiwan, United Kingdom, Colombia, Sweden, Denmark, Indonesia, Cambodia and India. 17
CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY AND WATER SECURITY (IPASA) IPASA's laboratory provides analytical services on water quality characteristics. The commonly analyzed water quality parameters are in accordance with the DOE requirements. Our lab is in the process of obtaining accreditation from the Department of Standards Malaysia. LABORATORY SERVICES ACTIVITIES & EVENTS Rapid industrialization has created various emerging problems associated with costly environmental degradation and depletion of resources. We believe that the scenario today demands using knowledge to bring about change in searching for new ways for wealth without costings the earth. This is the challenge of the balance. Our aim is to raise these concerns, participate in seeking answers and transforming them into policy and practice. We do this by communicating our knowledge through publications, workshops, trainings, seminars and conferences. 18
KEY CONTACT Facebook Website CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY AND WATER SECURITY (IPASA) AREAS OF EXPERTISE Climate Change Water Footprint Carbon Footprint Water Quality Management COLLABORATORS Dr. Juhaizah Talib@Harun (Research Officer) [email protected] Dr. Salmiati (Lab Manager) [email protected] Siti Hanna Elias (Assistant Engineer) [email protected] Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Waste Recovery & Water Reuse Integrated Water Resources Management Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Waste & Wastewater Treatment Technology Urban Runoff Management 19
CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY AND WATER SECURITY (IPASA) Water Security and Sustainable Development Hub, funded by UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) through the Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF), is a significant international and interdisciplinary endeavour, bringing together leading researchers from United Kingdom, Ethiopia, Colombia, India, and Malaysia to tackle water security issues with a transformative system approach. It is a 5-year project that begins in 2019 and will end in 2024. Malaysia Collaboratory, comprised of Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Water Security (IPASA), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia and Newcastle University Medicine Malaysia (NUMed), is one of the Water Collaboratories established by the Hub in Malaysia. Using Johor River basin as the study area, the project aims at assisting the water related agencies in realizing integrated management of the river basin. WATER SECURITY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT HUB What is Water Security and Sustainable Development Hub? Prof. Dr. Azmi Aris (Director) Research Institute for Sustainable Environment (RISE) Universiti Teknologi Malaysia [email protected] 20
CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY AND WATER SECURITY (IPASA) THE JOHOR RIVER BASIN WATER QUALITY RESEARCH VALUE RESEARCH GOVERNANCE RESEARCH HYDROLOGICAL RESEARCH COLLABORATORY'S APPROACH TO TACKLE WATER SECURITY IN JOHOR RIVER BASIN Water quality sampling Water quality modelling Database management system Citizen Scientist Program Educational Programme Monthly webinars Community based Programmes Virtual Coffee Talks Action Plans Water Sensitive Planning MYRIBASIN Index Water Demand Study Hydrological monitoring Hydrology and climate change modeling Flood/drought assessment and modeling Land use change impact assessment 21
CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY AND WATER SECURITY (IPASA) STUDY ON DETERMINATION OF TOTAL MAXIMUM DAILY LOAD (TMDL) FOR SKUDAI RIVER HIGH IMPACT PROJECT IPASA TOAL MAXIMUM DAILY LOAD (TMDL) CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION FRAMEWORK To collate, provide, and analyze data, information, and issues in order to provide CC adaptation framework on water sectors. To prepare, a comprehensive report of climate change adaptation framework on water sectors. This study awarded by the National Water Research Institute Malaysia (NAHRIM) to the Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Water Security (IPASA), UTM. The adaptation strategy comprises three main sub-fields under water-related disaster. They are flood, drought, and water pollution. Important priorities identified are water management, flood control structures, reliable early warning system and weather forecast, preparedness and response, resiliency, water quality, ecosystem and biodiversity, and health impacts. The study objectives are: Badan Kawal Selia Air Johor (BAKAJ) has appointed the Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Water Security (IPASA) UTM to carry out total maximum daily load (TMDL) study for Skudai River. The study area covers the upstream of Sultan Ismail Water Treatment Plant (SIWTP) with a total area of 136 km2. The ultimate objective is to determine a pollutant reduction target to improve the water quality of Skudai River to Class II of NWQS. A total of 7 stations were located at the main Skudai River (denoted by SS), and 14 stations were located at the tributaries of Skudai River (denoted by ST). Overall approach of the study used various tools including GIS, hydrological modelling and water quality modelling using QUAL2K software. The main findings showed that NH3-N concentration has to be reduced by 95% at all STs, while for BODs, minimal reduction by only 10% was sufficient to ensure the critical STs can meet the Class II NWQS. With this reduction, the BODs and NH3-N concentration at intake point of SIWTP can be reduced to 2.7 mg/L, and 0.29 mg/L, respectively, met with the intended Class II of NWQS. Most of the information was gathered through Focus Group Discussion (FGD) by identifying related issues and strategy at five stages, namely knowledge, management, implementation, gaps, and what's next. The study outlined 36 strategies as summarised in Table below. The full report can be accessed at www.kasa.gov.my/resources / Climate-ChangeAdaptation-Framework-forWater-Sectors.pdf 22
CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY AND WATER SECURITY (IPASA) The Environmental Performance Index (EPI) provides a data-driven summary of the state of sustainability around the world. The EPI ranks 180 countries on climate change performance, environmental health, and ecosystem vitality. EPI indicators provide a way to spot problems, set targets, track trends, understand outcomes, and identify best policy practices. Good data and factbased analysis can also help government officials refine their policy agendas, facilitate communications with key stakeholders, and maximize the return on environmental investments. HIGH IMPACT PROJECT IPASA ENVIRONMENT PERFOMANCE INDEX MALAYSIA ADAPTATION INDEX (MAIN) WHAT IS EPI? Malaysia is the first countries in Southeast Asia to develop its own EPI since 2010, stemming from a group of researchers from Teknologi Malaysia Universiti (UTM) together with Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (NRE). MALAYSIA EPI (MYEPI) Highlights current environmental problems and high priority issues; Tracks pollution control and natural resource management trends at the state and federal levels; Identifies where ineffective efforts can be halted and funding redeployed; Facilitates benchmarking and offers decision-making guidance; Malaysia EPI measures the states' performance based on three core policy objectives of high-priority environmental issues, namely protection of human health from environmental harm, protection of ecosystems and socioeconomic sustainability. MyEPI can be used as an instrument to: Malaysia Adaptation Index (MAIN) is a program developed to analyze vulnerability and readiness of each state in Malaysia towards climate change. MAIN can be utilized by the public and private sectors in taking adaptive actions to address possible impacts of climate change. INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVES To assess the vulnerability and readiness of the states in Malaysia in facing the possible impacts of climate change. To serve as a source of reference for public and private sectors in policy and decision making process towards adapting the impacts of climate change. MAIN FRAMEWORK The MAIN program formulated and calculated vulnerability and readiness scores which was then aggregated to yield adaptation indices for states in Malaysia. Prior to this process, relevant secondary data was transformed into indicators that have been identified via series of engagements with Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) from various departments and agencies including IPASA. RESULT MAIN scores can be accessed from the Ministry of Energy & Natural Resources (KETSA)'s website at: https://bda.ketsa .gov.my/ 23
CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY AND WATER SECURITY (IPASA) INTRODUCTION 03 APPLICATION AND BENEFIT 05 BIOELECTROCHEMICAL MEMBRANE REACTOR (BEMR) Prof. Ts. Dr. Zainura Zainon Noor (Director) Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Water Security (IPASA) [email protected] R.S.Ibrahim, Z. Z. Noor*, N.H, Baharuddin, S. M. Daud, R.S. Abdul Aziz, A. Aris, N. S. Ahmad Mutamim ASSESSMENT OF BIOLECTROCHEMICAL MEMBRANE REACTOR (BEMR) FOR ELECTRICITY GENERATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND MEMBRANE FOULING MITIGATION 02 NEEDS High energy consumption in MBR and traditional Wastewater Treatment Plant. Low effluent quality of wastewater by MFC. Activated sludge sewage treatment plant accounts for about 30-80% of total plant electricity demand. BEMR SET UP 04 01 BEMR is a hybrid reactor which integrates membrane bioreactor (MBR) and microbial fuel cell (MFC) in one process. Graphite felt as anode electrode and carbon cloth act as cathode electrode whereby flat sheet PVDF membrane used as a filtration material. BEMR is designed to overcome the issue of high energy process in which this hybrid reactor has the potential of generating electricity while efficiently treating the wastewater. For recovering of energy from wastewater process. For the need of wastewater towards producing high quality effluent at low operational cost. POTENTIAL MARKET ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This work was financially supported by the Universiti Teknologi Malaysia and Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia under Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS) with VOT project number 4F835 and Prototype Development Research Grant Scheme with VOT project number 4L951. 24
06 CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY AND WATER SECURITY (IPASA) BIOELCTROCHEMICAL MEMBRANE REACTOR (BEMR) NOVELTY BEMR is custom-designed to produce highquality effluent, generate electricity, and mitigate bio-fouling through new configuration and materials. 07 PRODUCT FEATURES Graphite as an anode electrode and carbon cloth as a cathode. PVDF membrane as filtration materials. Consists of anoxic and aerobic process. PRODUCT FEATURES This study demonstrates a new strategy to mitigate membrane fouling of MBR by properly utilizing the generated electricity. The BEMR also exhibited high COD and NH4-N removal efficiencies, good antifouling performances, and enabled good effluent quality. Thus, this BEMR system has the potential to replace the conventional biological wastewater treatment system. 06 25
CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY AND WATER SECURITY (IPASA) FLOATING WETLAND SYSTEM FOR RIVER WATER CONSERVATION 26
CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY AND WATER SECURITY (IPASA) APPLICATION OF BIOGRANULATION TECHNOLOGY IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT Prof. Dr. Azmi Aris (Director) Research Institute for Sustainable Environment (RISE) Universiti Teknologi Malaysia [email protected] Maria Nuid, Aimi D. Jaren, Angel C.E. We What is Biogranulation Technology? Biogranulation technology is a biological process that utilises microorganisms in the form of biogranules. Biogranules are dense microbial consortiums that consist of several bacterial species. These bacteria are responsible for different tasks in degrading multiple pollutants including nutrients, heavy metals and complex organic substances in various wastewater types. They have been tested and applied in treating wastewaters such as high strength ammonium wastewater, abattoir wastewater, fishing canning effluent, POME, textile wastewater, soy sauce wastewater, rubber, livestock, domestic wastewater. Large size and high density Settling velocity : 30 to 130 m/hr Sludge volume Index (SVI) : 25-5.0 mL/g Consist of Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) within the granules which strengthen the granular structure and provides protection shield against shock loading and toxic compound. : 7-10 m/hr for bioflocs) : (>80 mL/g for bioflocs) BIOGRANULES CHARACTERISTICS APPLICATION OF STATIC MIXER IN BIOGRANULATION TECHNOLOGY FOR SEWAGE TREATMENT Static mixer (SM) aims at reducing energy requirement for hydrodynamic shear force needed in biogranulation system. 27
CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY AND WATER SECURITY (IPASA) ADVANTAGES Small footprint (reduced by 75%*). Excellent biomass settleability. High biomass concentration. Withstand toxicity and shock loading. Low operational cost (reduced by 25%*). Biogranulation technology is a promising treatment alternative for various type of wastewater. Superior properties of biogranules such as high settleability, high biomass retention and high tolerance to withstand shock load can guarantee an efficient wastewater treatment process, as compared to the conventional activated sludge processes. Acknowledgement The work is supported by Ministry of Education, Malaysia for supporting this study under the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS/1/2018/TK10/UTM/01/2) and the Research Excellence Consortium Scheme [JPT (BKPI)1000/016/018/25 (56) ]. CONCLUSION ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 28
INTEGRATED RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT(IRBM) SUNGAI SEDELI BESAR, JOHOR BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT: CLIENT : JABATAN KERJA RAYA MALAYSIA CENTRE FOR RIVER AND COASTAL ENGINEERING ( CRCE) River Basin Management Unit (RBMU) 47, Sungai Sedeli Besar is a river basin in the eastern region of Johor state in Peninsular Malaysia. It is located in the district of Kota Tinggi. The catchment area of RBMU 47 is about 1425 km2. It consists of 52 basins with the biggest basin is Sungai Sedeli besar. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) was entitled as a sub-consultant for field data collection and hydrology study. One of the objectives in this study was to describe issue related to sedimentation at the estuary of Sungai Sedeli Besar. This study discusses the sedimentation occurred at the river mouth based on the cross-section survey conducted and bathymetric data. Sampling location was obtained at selected points along Sungai Sedeli Besar where it can be accessed easily and safely. RESEARCH GROUP INFO •Assoc. Prof. Ir. Ts. Dr. Mohamad Hidayat Jamal •Dr. Erwan Hafizi Kasiman •Dr. Shamila Azman •Dr. Zulkiflee Ibrahim •Dr. Mazlin Jumain •Kamarul AzlanMohd Nasir •Dr. Myzairah Hamdzah •Daeng Siti Maimunah Ishak •Nor Suhaila Rahim Head of Research Group GROUP MEMBERS : PROJECT LEADER Assoc. Prof. Ir. Ts. Dr. Mohamad Hidayat Jamal Figure 1: Location of the bed sampling 29
Five sampling for bed and bank sediment were collected along the river channel of Sungai Sedeli Besar to establish sediment size distribution of the riverbed (Figure 1). There were seven evenly spaced sampling points in cross-section from left bank to right bank of Sungai Sedeli Besar by referring to DID’s Guideline for River Sediment Data Collection and Analysis. However, the spacing between measuring points differs for one cross-section to the other and depends on the river width. All bed sediment samples were sent to a private laboratory for conducting dry density and hydrometer analysis. Based on the analysis conducted, the ranges of average sediment size between 0.008 mm and 0.045 mm showed that Sungai Sedeli Besar bed was silted up with clay layer except sand layer at S4. It is found that the average sediment size highly contained of clay and silt content along Sungai Sedeli Besar towards downstream. These extensive datasets on bed sediment distributions will be used in the InfoWorks ICM for sediment transport modelling. Figure 3 shows the riverbed profile surveyed. CENTRE FOR RIVER AND COASTAL ENGINEERING ( CRCE) Figure 2: Riverbed profile surveyed. (i) Depth and (ii) Bed sampling Figure 3: Riverbed profiles S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 "Five sampling for bed and bank sediment were collected along the river channel of Sungai Sedeli Besar" 30
NUMERICAL MODEL STUDY ON THE PHYSICAL MODEL OF RINGLET RESERVOIR, CAMERON HIGHLANDS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT: CLIENT : NATIONAL WATER RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF MALAYSIA (NAHRIM) & TNB RESEARCH SDN. BHD CENTRE FOR RIVER AND COASTAL ENGINEERING ( CRCE) Physical model of Ringlet Reservoir is an alternative study for investigating sediment removal efficiency proposed at Hydraulic and Instrumentation Laboratory in National Water Research Institute of Malaysia (NAHRIM), with a geometric scale of 1:30. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) was engaged by NAHRIM to develop a physical and numerical model of Ringlet Reservoir. The main objectives of the research are to predicting the flow velocities and assesses the effectiveness of groynes as a control mitigation structure in changes of the water depth, velocity and sediment transport. This study mainly focusing at the Habu end (Figure 1). A two-dimensional HEC-RAS and threedimensional FLOW-3D were adapted to numerically simulate the hydrodynamics of annual recurrence interval 100-years for existing and with groynes conditions. The latter simulation was concentrated on the sediment plume at the Habu end. The numerical models were calibrated and validated with experimental data collected. RESEARCH GROUP INFO •Assoc. Prof. Ir. Ts. Dr. Mohamad Hidayat Jamal •Assoc. Prof. Dr.Mushairry Mustafar •Assoc. Prof. Dr.Zulhilmi Ismail •Prof. Dr. Ahmad Khairi Abd. Wahab •Sr. Ts. Dr.Radzuan Sa’ari •Dr. MohdRidzaMohdHaniffah •Dr. Ilya Khairanis Othman •Dr. Noraliani Alias •Dr. Nor Eliza Alias •Dr. Erwan Hafizi Kasiman •Dr. Zulkiflee Ibrahim •Dr. Mazlin Jumain •Daeng Siti Maimunah Ishak •Nor Suhaila Rahim •Nur Athirah Mohamad GROUP MEMBERS : Head of Research Group Assoc. Prof. Ir. Ts. Dr. Mohamad Hidayat Jamal The water depth throughout the domain is not constant and varies quite significantly due to variation in the bathymetry. The experimental results from existing condition showed high flow velocity occurred in the narrow section and slowing down at the wider section at Habu end (Figure 2(i)). Conversely, velocity simulation from the HEC-RAS showed the same pattern as experiment but at lower magnitudes, see Figure 3(i). With groynes installed, the flow pattern changes significantly, see Figures 2(ii) and 3(ii). It is found that sediment was deposited nearly at the similar location for both experiment and FLOW-3D simulation (Figure 4). HABU END Ringlet Reservoir HEC-RAS Figure 1 31
CENTRE FOR RIVER AND COASTAL ENGINEERING ( CRCE) Figure 2: Velocity contour experimentally simulated. (i) Existing condition and (ii) With groynes Figure 3: Velocity contour simulated in HEC-RAS. (i) Existing condition and (ii) With groynes Figure 4: Sediment transport. (i) Experiment and (ii) FLOW-3D 32
PHYSICAL MODEL EXPERIMENT OF BREAKWATER SYSTEM BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT: CLIENT : NATIONAL WATER RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF MALAYSIA (NAHRIM) CENTRE FOR RIVER AND COASTAL ENGINEERING ( CRCE) Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) was collaborated with National Water Research Institute of Malaysia (NAHRIM) in design and construct physical models of Setiu river mouth. The physical models experiment cover two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) testing phase of a breakwater designed for Sungai Setiu river mouth. The main aim of 2D experiment is to observe the effect on the breakwater stability, damage and overtopping (Figure 1). Meanwhile, on the 3D experiment the main aims is to observe the wave attack, propagation and intrusion although effect on the breakwater stability and damage also monitored (Figure 2). The 2D breakwater cross-sections were tested at scale of 1:20 in a wave flume while the 3D model breakwater was tested at scale of 1:60 in a port and harbour basin, both in Hydraulic and Instrumentation Laboratory (MHI Lab) at National Hydraulics Research Institute Malaysia (NAHRIM). The 2D breakwater cross-sections were tested in ARI 100 years+20% (overload) sea state while 3D breakwater model was tested for three (3) sea states (ARI 30, 100 years and overload) and at various water levels. RESEARCH GROUP INFO •Assoc. Prof. Ir. Ts. Dr. Mohamad Hidayat Jamal •Dr. MohdRidzaMohdHaniffah •Dr. Ilya Khairanis Othman •Dr. Erwan Hafizi Kasiman •Daeng Siti Maimunah Ishak •Nor Suhaila Rahim •Nur Athirah Mohamad •Lavine Wong GROUP MEMBERS : Head of Research Group Assoc. Prof. Ir. Ts. Dr. Mohamad Hidayat Jamal "Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) was collaborated with National Water Research Institute of Malaysia (NAHRIM)" 33
CENTRE FOR RIVER AND COASTAL ENGINEERING ( CRCE) Figure 1: 2D wave flume setup Damage criteria for granite armour layer are following CIRIA, CUR, CETMEF (2007) and Van der Meer et al. (1995) while the overtopping limits for the structural design are following CEM (2011). The armour layer stabilities in both 2D and 3D models were considered as “no damage” or “acceptable damage”. Therefore, no optimisation tests were required. Overall overtopping discharges during 2D model tests were either zero or less than 1/l/m. Lastly, overall percentage reduction between intrusion wave height and incident wave height were more than 50% indicated that the rubblemound breakwater tested was effectively reduce wave energy inside the navigational area behind the breakwater. Figure 2: 3D wave basin setup 34
THE ROLE OF SEDIMENT SOURCE ON EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION AT COASTAL ZONE FOR POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE SHORELINE PROTECTION AND PRESERVATION SYSTEM BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT: CLIENT : NATIONAL WATER RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF MALAYSIA (NAHRIM) & TNB RESEARCH SDN. BHD CENTRE FOR RIVER AND COASTAL ENGINEERING ( CRCE) Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) was collaborated with National Water Research Institute of Malaysia (NAHRIM) for field data collection and numerical modelling works. This study identified suitable location followed by data collection on site and hydrodynamic model development to analyse the cause of erosion and sedimentation at the proposed study area. The study area is the shoreline at along Tanjong Sedili. The length of the coastline is about 10 km North of Tanjung Sedili and 10 km South of Tanjung Sedili. The main focus is on the river mouth of Sungai Sedeli Besar and the bay of Teluk Mahkota where famous beach called Jason Bay located. At the river mouth of Sungai Sedeli Besar, the main problem is severe sedimentation that causing navigation problem especially during low tide where the water depth can become less than 1.0 m. RESEARCH GROUP INFO •Assoc. Prof. Ir. Ts. Dr. Mohamad Hidayat Jamal •Assoc. Prof. Dr.Zulhilmi Ismail •Prof. Dr. Ahmad Khairi Abd. Wahab •Sr. Ts. Dr.Radzuan Sa’ari •Dr. MohdRidzaMohdHaniffah •Dr. Ilya Khairanis Othman •Dr. Erwan Hafizi Kasiman •Dr. Shamila Azman •Dr. Noraliani Alias •Dr. Zulkiflee Ibrahim •Dr. Mazlin Jumain •Daeng Siti Maimunah Ishak •Nor Suhaila Rahim •Dr. Abdul Haslim Abdul Shukor Lim •Lavine Wong GROUP MEMBERS : Head of Research Group Assoc. Prof. Ir. Ts. Dr. Mohamad Hidayat Jamal 35
CENTRE FOR RIVER AND COASTAL ENGINEERING ( CRCE) Figure 1: Current vector diagrams. (i) Flood tide and (ii) Ebb tide The hydrodynamic simulation output from TELEMAC 2D model is displayed in the form of currents vectors that have been extracted at a particular time step, see Figure 1. The model calibration/validation was achieved by comparing current speeds and directions at Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) station within the model domain. The calibration and validation were carried out by adjusting the bottom friction, tidal and velocity coefficient in the model to ensure close agreements between the observed and modelled values. The water level and current values were used mainly for model calibration covering both spring and neap tides from 29th September 2020 to 12th October 2020. The calibration and validation curves for water level, current speed and direction is shown in Figures 2(i), 2(ii) and 2(iii), respectively. Figure 2: Calibration and validation curves. (i) Water level, (ii) Current speed and (iii) Current direction 36
KAJIAN ALAM SEKITAR DAN KAJIAN HIDRAULIK BAGI PEMBINAAN BENTENG PEMECAH OMBAK AKIBAT HAKISAN PANTAI DI KOMPLEKS RAKAN MUDA SUKAN AIR ROMPIN (KRAMSAR), PAHANG BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT: CLIENT : DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE MALAYSIA (DID) CENTRE FOR RIVER AND COASTAL ENGINEERING ( CRCE) UKRAMSAR is located near the river mouth of Sg. Rompin. This area suffered serious coastal erosion and has caused significant damage to KRAMSAR facilities. The erosion will continuously occur if preventive measures for coastal protection are not implemented. Therefore, the hydraulics and environmental studies throughout this project will determine the impact due to the proposed coastal protection structure to the coastal area. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) was entitled as a subconsultant for hydraulic and environmental studies. RESEARCH GROUP INFO •Assoc. Prof. Ir. Ts. Dr. Mohamad Hidayat Jamal •Dr. Shamila Azman •Dr. Mohd Hafiz Puteh •Assoc. Prof. Dr. Johan Sohaili •Prof. Dr. Ahmad Khairi Abd. Wahab GROUP MEMBERS : Head of Research Group Assoc. Prof. Ir. Ts. Dr. Mohamad Hidayat Jamal 37
CENTRE FOR RIVER AND COASTAL ENGINEERING ( CRCE) Figure 1: Current vector diagrams. (i) Flood tide and (ii) Ebb tide The hydraulic was performed using MIKE 21 model package. In a typical coastal setting, the inputs are tides, waves and wind. Waves data was obtained from the United Kingdom Meteorological Office (UKMO) from Year 1992 to 2012 (20 years). Data for currents were provided at three locations in the study area using Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) that measured from 25th May to 10th June 2021. Tidal information was obtained from two nearest stations which are Teluk Tekek and Tg. Gelang, extracted from Tide Table 2021. Typical plots of the water level and current patterns around the project area during flood and ebb flows are as shown in Figures 1(i) and 1(ii). 38
CENTRE FOR RIVER AND COASTAL ENGINEERING ( CRCE) Figure 2: Monitoring of ambient air; (i) PM10 and PM2.5 and (ii) CO, SO2, NO2, O3. (iii) Noise and (iv) Vibration at most sensitive receptor. Environmental study involves providing input or tools in the future planning and environmental management of the proposed project development. The proposed project is located at the shoreline of KRAMSAR within Kampung Pantai Bernas. Environmental monitoring and socioeconomic studies were carried out on 20th to 21st September 2021 and 4th to 6th October 2021. A monitoring programme on selected environmental parameters such as air quality, noise level, water quality, social study and ecology were collected. Figure 2 and Figure 3 show the sampling conducted in the study area. i ii iii iv 39
Some significant impacts are expected to arise during the construction stage e.g., dust, noise and air pollution hence mitigation and abatement measures need to be conducted to minimise the impacts. Therefore, this project is estimated to be viable and can be implemented in an environmentally sustainable manner with acceptable environmental impacts and risks. Figure 3: Fishing vessel and some specimens caught during the survey CENTRE FOR RIVER AND COASTAL ENGINEERING ( CRCE) 40
KAJIAN SEMULA RANCANGAN JOHOR BARAT BAGI DAERAH BATU PAHAT, JOHOR BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT: CLIENT : JURUTERA PERUNDING ZAINAL & MOHAMAD SDN. BHD. CENTRE FOR RIVER AND COASTAL ENGINEERING ( CRCE) Batu Pahat district is located on the west of Johor and facing the Straits of Malacca. The length of coastline at the District of Batu Pahat is about 64 km from North (at Parit Lubok) to South (at Sungai Tampok). One of the strategies in Western Johor Project report is engineering development strategy for overcoming inland and coastal flooding problems, coastal erosion and transportation connections problems. To overcome that, bunds were constructed along the coast and tidal gates were also installed for rivers debouching to the sea. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) was entitled as a subconsultant for field data collection and hydraulic study. In short, one of the objectives for this coastal study are to assess and provide mitigation measures for the coastal bund. RESEARCH GROUP INFO •Assoc. Prof. Ir. Ts. Dr. Mohamad Hidayat Jamal •Dr. Ilya Khairanis Othman •Daeng Siti Maimunah Ishak •Nor Suhaila Rahim GROUP MEMBERS : Head of Research Group Assoc. Prof. Ir. Ts. Dr. Mohamad Hidayat Jamal Figure 1: Coastal bunds in Zone 4 41