InnoSTRE 2020 Conference Book

Sponsor:

INTERNATIONAL ORGANISING COMMITTEE

International Conference on
Innovative Sciences and Technologies for Research and Education

(InnoSTRE) 2020 Special Edition

“1st Global Summit on Viral-immunology and Antiviral Therapy of COVID-19”

PATRON The Right Honourable Datuk Patinggi (Dr) Abang Haji Abdul
Rahman Zohari Bin Tun Datuk Abang Haji Openg
ADVISOR Chief Minister of Sarawak
CHAIR
CO-CHAIR Professor Dato Dr. Jamil Haji Hamali

DEPUTY CHAIR Professor Dr. Firdaus Abdullah
ORGANISING
SECRETARY Mr. Yang Cheng Cheng
ORGANISING Professor Dr. Cao Yunxia
COMMITTEE Professor Dr. Khong Heng Yen

Dr. Robin Chang Yee Hui

Dr. Clotilda Petrus

Professor Dr. Zhang Lei (China)
Professor Dr. Huang Xiaohui (China)
Professor Dr. V Sivaram (India)
Associate Professor Dr. Abang Zainoreen
Abang Abdurahman (Malaysia)
Associate Professor Dr. Haryoto (Indonesia)
Associate Professor Dr. Mohammad Isa Mohamadin (Malaysia)
Associate Professor Dr. Leong Siow Hoo (Malaysia)
Dr. Isabel Fong Lim (Malaysia)

TECHNICAL Dr. Robin Chang Yee Hui (Malaysia)
COMMITTEE Dr. Liew Chin Ying (Malaysia)
Professor Dr. Chan Yuen Fook (Malaysia)
Professor Dr. Pornsak Sriamornsak (Thailand)
Professor Dr. Voon Boo Ho (Malaysia)
Associate Professor Ts. Dr. Noor Najmi Bonnia (Malaysia)
Associate Professor Dr. Kaarthiyainy Supramaniam (Malaysia)

InnoSTRE 2020 SPECIAL EDITION

25 - 26 November 2020, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Samarahan Campus, Sarawak,
Malaysia

1st Global Summit on Viral-immunology
and Antiviral Therapy of COVID-19”

“Innovative Sciences and Technologies for the Sustainability
of future Global Economy in Embracing Post-COVID-19 Challenges”

Editors:
Firdaus Abdullah
Khong Heng Yen
Robin Chang Yee Hui

Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Sarawak

Copyright © 2020 by Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Sarawak
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, copied, stored in any retrieval
system or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording or
other electronic or mechanical methods, except in the case of brief quotations embodied
in critical reviews and certain other non-commercial uses permitted by copyright law. For
permission requests, write to the publisher at the address below:

Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Sarawak,
Kampus Samarahan, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia

Email: [email protected]

Typesetting by Nyotia Nyokat
Cover design by Clemet ak Jimel

Printed in Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
ISBN: 978-967-0828-42-8

ii

Welcome to 1st Special Edition of InnoSTRE 2020
The Special Edition of International Conference on Innovative Sciences and Technologies
for Research and Education (InnoSTRE) 2020 committee wishes to welcome all speakers,
presenters, and participants to this hybrid conference in Kuching City, the state capital of
Sarawak, Malaysia. The InnoSTRE series aims to provide a unique opportunity for
academician, researchers, practitioners, and industrial front-liners with a vast cultural
diversity to meet and share their research findings, including their immense teaching
experiences. We are grateful to those who have contributed to the success of InnoSTRE
series.

iii

Table of Contents

International Organising Committee

Message……………………...………………………………………………………………..... v

The Right Honourable ………………………….... v

Datuk Patinggi (Dr) Abang Haji Abdul Rahman Zohari

Bin Tun Datuk Abang Haji Openg

Emeritus Professor Datuk Ir. Dr. Mohd Azraai Kassim……………………………..vii

Mr. Cheng Guangzhong ………………………………………………………………viii

Professor Dato Dr Jamil Haji Hamali ……………………………………………..... ix

Professor Dr. Firdaus Abdullah ……………………………………………….......... x

Opening Ceremony...............……………………………………………………………...... xi

Program schedule …………………………………………………………………………... xii

List of keynote speakers and topics ………………………………………………………xiv

Parallel sessions topics …………………………………………………………………... xviii

Day 1: 25 Nov 2020 / Wednesday ………………………………………………....xviii

Day 2: 26 Nov 2020 / Thursday …………………………………………………… xxiii

Invited Lecture...……………………………………………………………………………….. 1

Contributed papers …………………………………………………………………………....9

Locol Organising Committee………………………………………………………………… 77

iv

MESSAGE

The Right Honourable
Datuk Patinggi (Dr) Abang Haji Abdul Rahman Zohari
Bin Tun Datuk Abang Haji Openg
Chief Minister of Sarawak

It is an honour and a pleasure for me to address many distinguished international delegates
at The International Conference on Innovative Sciences and Technologies for Research
and Education (InnoSTRE) Special Edition 2020.

I take great pride in welcoming all participants, who are here with us and also those who
are here virtually. I understand that this is a hybrid conference of face-to-face and online
meeting that does not require the participants to gather at one venue which is the trend
now.

I would like to congratulate UiTM Sarawak Branch on the success of organizing this hybrid
international conference during this challenging time. And thank you for all the effort to
bringing this dynamic exposition to Sarawak. I sincerely hope that this hybrid conference
amidst the challenge of the COVID-19 pandemic will succeed in its objective of providing
a platform for academician, researchers, practitioners and industrial frontliners to enrich
their research studies in the very dynamic technological environment of today in order to
augment their respective areas of specialization.

It is very reassuring to note that UiTM is working in tandem with our State and national
objectives to further improve our knowledge and technological innovations. It is worth to
note that knowledge and innovation are the driving force behind economic growth. New
knowledge and innovation have always been perceived as being crucial in helping us to
progress and advance leveraging on technological innovation and competitiveness.
Today’s conference, where experts in their respective field assemble to share and highlight
the latest innovations in science and technology is indicative of the direction ahead for all
of us.

We, in Sarawak are fortunate that we have embarked on a digital transformation journey
in 2017 as part of our Sarawak Digital Economy Strategy (2018-2022) and thankfully are
able to manage the devastating impact of Covid-19 in our daily lives and interactions. The
Sarawak Digital Economy Strategy (2018-2022) saw progress in digitalising the state’s
economy and was also put to the test, successfully addressing most of the issues raised by
the COVID-19 pandemic. As always with any strategy, certain aspects such as digital
sovereignty, interoperability, ease of doing business, cybersecurity, digital readiness and
supporting digital transformation of the private sector should be further strengthened to
accelerate our post COVID-19 Economic Agenda.

We are very proud that the Sarawak state’s digital readiness was recently highlighted when
the Sarawak Disaster Management Committee (SDMC) was awarded the Malaysian

v

Technology Excellence Award by the Singapore Business Review for utilising digital
technology to control the spread of COVID-19 in Sarawak. Advancing into the future,
Sarawak needs to enhance its productivity to remain competitive and at the same time,
create a clean, healthy and resilient environment that will last for generations. This hybrid
conference is one of the many platforms to further deliberate and discuss on current issues
related to Viral-immunology and Antiviral Therapy of COVID-19.
The key players in transformative breakthroughs often are well-trained researchers from
diverse backgrounds who know the right people. The right people are other talented
researchers who can draw on their knowledge of diverse fields to bring fresh perspectives
to solve problems. Mathematics, statistics, and computer science, for example, help
advance discoveries in other scientific fields, while the social sciences provide
information, incentives, and institutions that advance the use of research discoveries in all
the sciences. Hence, this hybrid conference is the best platform for academician,
researchers, practitioners and industrial frontliners to gather and exchange ideas that would
contribute to the advancement of science innovation specifically in Viral-immunology and
Antiviral Therapy of COVID-19.
Finally, I would like to thank all the delegates who are willing to share their expertise with
the international community for our common benefits. I wish all of you a fruitful
deliberation and a successful hybrid conference.
Thank you.

(DATUK PATINGGI (DR) ABANG HAJI ABDUL RAHMAN ZOHARI
BIN TUN DATUK ABANG HAJI OPENG)

vi

MESSAGE FROM THE VICE-CHANCELLOR

As the host of the International Conference on Innovative Sciences and Technologies for
Research and Education (InnoSTRE) Special Edition 2020, I welcome all delegates to this
hybrid conference. First and foremost, I would like to express my appreciation to the Chief
Minister of Sarawak, the Right Honourable Datuk Patinggi (Dr) Abang Haji Abdul
Rahman Zohari bin Tun Datuk Abang Haji Openg for his kind consent to officiate the
opening ceremony.

I am pleased to note that UiTM Sarawak is aggressively accelerating the university’s
international collaborations that can shape mindsets and transform the lives of
communities by focusing on halal product research between UiTM Sarawak, Beijing Wuzi
University and ACEC, as well as herbal and ethnomedicinal research, a collaboration
between UiTM Sarawak, Anhui Medical University and ACEC. Congratulations to
Professor Dato Dr Jamil Haji Hamali and his team who organised and coordinated this
hybrid conference with the theme “Innovative Sciences and Technologies in the
Sustainability of Future Global Economy in Embracing Post COVID-19 Challenges”.

With a focus on Viral Immunology and Anti-Viral therapy of COVID-19, this conference
is a platform for both local and international participants, whether you are an academic or
an industry player, to present your knowledge and latest research findings. Your
innovations in science and technology developments will serve to identify emerging and
future areas of growth and collaboration in embracing post COVID-19 challenges. In times
like these, our responses today can help us recover from this crisis and chart a new path
for the future.

I assure you that UiTM will continue to drive forward science, solutions and solidarity. I
look forward to seeing the benefits from the recommendations presented at this conference
support post-pandemic recovery efforts.

Thank you.

Emeritus Professor Datuk Ir Dr Mohd Azraai Kassim
Universiti Teknologi MARA

vii

MESSAGE

Mr. Cheng Guangzhong
Chinese Consulate-General in Kuching (Malaysia)
the People’s Republic of China

As Chinese Consulate-General in Kuching (Malaysia), I take great pride in welcoming all
the attendees of the International Conference on Innovative Sciences and Technologies for
Research and Education (InnoSTRE) Special Edition 2020.
To the greatest extent, it is an honour for me to express my gratitude to the Chief Minister
of Sarawak, the Right Honourable Datuk Patinggi (Dr) Abang Haji Abdul Rahman Zohari
bin Tun Datuk Abang Haji Openg for his present to perform the opening ceremony.
Malaysia took the lead among ASEAN member states in establishing diplomatic ties with
China, heralding a new chapter of China Malaysia friendship and China-ASEAN relations.
Through joint efforts from both countries, bilateral exchanges have flourished ever since
and have now been upgraded to a comprehensive strategic partnership. Cooperation
between the two countries has yielded fruitful results and continues to enjoy broad
prospects for development. To promote relations, more and more work needs to be done
in boosting educational exchange, tourism, youth exchange and other sectors.
I am grateful to the many experts who have come to share their knowledge during the
conference. I also welcome the many representatives of governments, industry associations
and NGOs who have joined us. I am sure everyone will have fruitful discussion and gain
valuable knowledge during the conference.
I wish this hybrid conference every success and to all the overseas delegates a safe, fruitful
and meaningful conference.

Thank you.

Mr. Cheng Guangzhong
Chinese Consulate-General in Kuching (Malaysia)
the People’s Republic of China

viii

MESSAGE FROM THE RECTOR

First and foremost, I would like to congratulate the organising
committee of The International Conference on Innovative
Sciences and Technologies for Research and Education
(InnoSTRE) Special Edition 2020 for taking the initiative to
organise this hybrid conference. This conference covers a wide
spectrum of themes related to “Viral- immunology and Antiviral
Therapy of COVID-19”.

On behalf of the organising committee, I sincerely thank the Chief Minister of Sarawak,
the Right Honourable Datuk Patinggi (Dr) Abang Haji Abdul Rahman Zohari Bin Tun
Datuk Abang Haji Openg for graciously accepting the invitation to officiate the opening
of this conference. Universiti Teknologi MARA strongly supports his vision of Sarawak
achieving a digital economy to be on par with the developed countries. UiTM Sarawak
Branch is aggressively accelerating its development in the effort of supporting the
university’s ranking in relevance to Malaysian Research Assessment (MyRA) scores and
activities.

Today, the advancement of economies requires knowledge and innovations to enhance the
quality of education and research. Sarawak is fortunate to embark on a digital
transformation journey three years ago. This has enabled Sarawak to effectively manage
the devastating impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. To date, the COVID-19 cases in
Sarawak is comparatively low as compared to other states. Sarawak government has
effectively come out with several economic stimulus packages to reduce the economic
burden, brought by the COVID-19 outbreak. Hence, in relevance to the current pandemic
situation in Sarawak, this hybrid conference will bring together scholars, international
delegates, professionals and practitioners from various disciplines and countries, promote
research via face-to-face and online presentation within the academic community and,
engage the industry in building relationships, mainly to advance the economy, specifically
in Viral-immunology and Antiviral Therapy of COVID-19. The hybrid conference
highlights the most recent innovations and researches on Viral-immunology and Antiviral
Therapy of COVID-19. These would also provide opportunities for future areas of growth
and collaborations in these exciting fields.

Finally, I sincerely hope that this conference will deliberate and discuss all the different
facets of this exciting topic and come up with recommendations that will lead to a better,
healthier and merrier world. I congratulate you all for your commitment and active
participation and wish you all the success.

Thank you.

Professor Dato Dr. Jamil Hj Hamali
Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Sarawak

ix

MESSAGE FROM THE CHAIR

Assalamu'alaikum warahmatutlahi wabarakatuh and Salam
Sejahtera.
It is my pleasure and honour to welcome great scientists, academicians, young researchers,
delegates, and students to this hybrid gathering of International Conference on Innovative
Sciences and Technologies for Research and Educations Special Edition 2020. In this
hybrid conference, participants are given the option to join either physical or virtual
platform to interact with audiences.
The First Global Summit on Viral-immunology and Antiviral Therapy of COVID-19
conference with the theme Innovative Sciences and Technologies in the Sustainability of
Future Global Economic in Embracing Post COVID-19 Challenges, hopes to provide a
platform for local and international participants from both academic and industrial sectors
to share their extensive knowledge and the most up-to-date research findings.
Thus, this conference will provide the opportunity to highlight the most recent innovation
in science and technology developments. It also helps in identifying the emerging and
future areas of growth and collaboration, in embracing the post-COVID-19 challenges.
I would like to take this opportunity to thank the conference organizing committee for their
excellent teamwork and tireless efforts to ensure the smooth running of the conference.
I would also like to thank all the participants, local and from abroad, for joining this
conference and sharing invaluable experience and ideas.

Professor Dr. Firdaus Abdullah
International Organising Committee
InnoSTRE 2020 Special Edition

x

Opening Ceremony

International Conference on
Innovative Sciences and Technologies for Research and Education

(InnoSTRE) Special Edition 2020

“1st Global Summit on Viral-immunology and Antiviral Therapy of COVID-19”

25 NOVEMBER 2020 (WEDNESDAY)
Dewan Jubli, Universiti Teknologi MARA Sarawak Branch, Samarahan Campus

TIME PROGRAMME
0930
0945 Arrival of Presenters/Participants
1000
Arrival of Invited Guests

Arrival of The Right Honourable Datuk Patinggi (Dr) Abang Haji Abdul
Rahman Zohari bin Tun Datuk Abang Haji Openg
Chief Minister of Sarawak

National Anthem
Doa Recitation

Welcoming Speech by
Professor Dato Dr Jamil Haji Hamali
Rector, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Sarawak

Emeritus Professor Datuk Ir Dr Mohd Azraai Kassim
Vice-Chancellor, Universiti Teknologi MARA

Mr. Cheng Guangzhong
Consul-General of the People’s Republic of China in Kuching (Malaysia)

Opening Speech by
The Right Honourable Datuk Patinggi (Dr) Abang Haji Abdul Rahman
Zohari Bin Tun Datuk Abang Haji Openg
Chief Minister of Sarawak

1115 Launching of Research Institutions:
1200
1. Halal Products Research Institute
(Collaboration among UiTM Sarawak, Beijing Wuzi University and ACEC)
and

2. Herbal and Ethnomedical Research Centre
(Collaboration among UiTM Sarawak, Anhui Medical University and ACEC)

Souvenir Giving and Photo Session

Keynote Lecture by Professor Dr. Cao Yunxia,
President of Anhui Medical University, China
“ASEAN Cooperation in Anti-COVID-19 and Medicine”

Lunch (VVIP and Invited Guests)

xi

Program Schedule

TUESDAY (NOVEMBER 24, 2020)

TIME ACTIVITY VENUE
Dewan Jubli, UiTM KS
1400 - 1600 Early Registration of Conference Participants

WEDNESDAY (NOVEMBER 25, 2020)

TIME ACTIVITY VENUE
Dewan Jubli, UiTM KS
0800 - 0845 Registration

0800 - 0845 Morning Tea and Networking Student Centre, UiTM KS

Chairperson: Associate Professor Dr. Mohammad Isa Mohamadin

0900 - 0930 Keynote Lecture by Professor Dr. Xiong Sidong, Dewan Jubli, UiTM KS
President of Soochow University, China

“International Education and Scientific Research Cooperation
under the Epidemic”

OPENING CEREMONY
Venue: DEWAN JUBLI

0930 – 1200

1115 - 1200 Chairperson: Associate Professor Dr. Corina Joseph Dewan Jubli, UiTM KS

Keynote Lecture by Professor Dr. Cao Yunxia,
President of Anhui Medical University, China
“ASEAN Cooperation in Anti-COVID-19 and Medicine”

1200 - 1345 Lunch and Networking Student Centre/Anjung
Seri, UiTM KS
1400 - 1430 Chairperson: Associate Professor Dr. Margaret Chan
Dewan Jubli, UiTM KS
Keynote Lecture by Professor Dato Dr. Jamil Hj Hamali.
Rector of Universiti Teknologi MARA Sarawak Branch Dewan Jubli, UiTM KS

Halal and COVID-19: Impacts and Possibilities

1430 - 1500 Keynote Lecture by Professor Dr. Cheng Wei,
Vice President of Harbin University of Commerce, China

Experience Sharing of Chinese Medicine in Fighting the
Epidemic, Transforming Clinical Thinking

1515 - 1745 SESSION 1: Parallel Oral Presentation B113-116, B125-128
[1A, 1B, 1C, 1D and 1E]
Student Centre/Anjung
1745 - 1830 Tea Break and Networking Seri, UiTM KS

xii

THURSDAY (NOVEMBER 26, 2020)

TIME ACTIVITY VENUE
Ground Floor, B Block
0800 - 0900 Registration Student Centre/Anjung

0800 - 0845 Morning Tea and Networking Seri, UiTM KS
Dewan Jubli, UiTM KS
0900 - 0930 Chairperson: Professor Dr. Voon Boo Ho
Dewan Jubli, UiTM KS
Keynote Lecture by Professor Dr. Firdaus Abdullah
Deputy Rector (Academic and International Affairs)
Universiti Teknologi MARA Sarawak Branch, Malaysia

Higher Education and COVID-19: Impacts and Responses

0930 - 1000 Keynote Lecture by Professor Dr. Qu Kun
Executive Deputy Director, Office of International Cooperation,
USTC, China

Build A World-Class University, Cultivate Leading Talents in
Science and Technology

1000 - 1030 Chairperson: Associate Professor Dr. Jati Kasuma Dewan Jubli, UiTM KS

Keynote Lecture by Professor Dr. Du Jianhui, Dewan Jubli, UiTM KS
Executive Vice- President of Henan Education Association for
International Exchange, China B113-116, B125-128
Student Centre/Anjung
Coping with the Four Cs in Global Education and Related
Industry Seri, UiTM KS
B113-116, B125-128
1030 - 1100 Keynote Lecture by Assistant Professor Dr Sujinda Sriwattana
Dean, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University,

Thailand

Cooperative Research on Natural Resources

1100 - 1115 Break

1115 - 1245 SESSION 2: Parallel Oral Presentation [2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E]

1245 – 1345 Lunch and Networking

1400 - 1600 SESSION 3: Parallel Oral Presentation [3A, 3B and 3C]

1430 - 1615 FORUM DISCUSSION

Chairperson: Professor Dr. Voon Boo Ho (UiTM, Malaysia) Dewan Jubli, UiTM KS
Dr. Han Bin (Chairman, ACEC, Singapore)

1. International Business and Education Collaboration

Chairperson: Professor Dr. Khong Heng Yen (UiTM, Malaysia) B113
Professor Dr. Zhang Lei (AHMU, China)

2. Medicinal Research and Drug Discovery

CLOSING CEREMONY
Venue: DEWAN JUBLI

1630 – 1730

xiii

Keynote Speaker 1

International Education and Scientific Research Cooperation under the Epidemic

Professor Dr. Xiong Sidong 熊思东
President of Soochow University, China

About the Speaker

Professor Sidong Xiong received his PhD degree in
Microbiology from FuDan University in 1992. He performed his
post-doc training at the French National Institute for Health and
Medical Research (INSERM) followed by a visiting scholar at
University of California-San Diego. He has also served multiple
administration positions, such as the Associated Director of the
Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, Ministry of
Education and Health, Chairman of Immunology Department,
Dean of Fudan College, Vice-Dean of the Graduate School and
Director of Institute for Immunobiology, Fudan University.
Professor Xiong’s research interests are focused on the studies
of anti-infection and anti-tumor immunology, pathogenesis of
autoimmune diseases, and development of novel DNA vaccines.
He has published more than 280 papers in peer-reviewed
journals to date, including Nature Biotechnology, PNAS, Hepatology and Journal of
Immunology. His additional academic contributions include 26 patent applications, as
chief editor or associate editors for 12 academic books and 15 textbooks, and numerous
national or international awards. Professor Xiong is currently a Vice-Chancellor of
SooChow University and Director of the Institute of Biology and Medical Sciences.

Keynote Speaker 2

ASEAN CHINA Cooperation in Anti-COVID-19 and Medicine

Professor Dr. Cao Yunxia 曹云霞
President of Anhui Medical University

About the speaker

Professor Dr. Cao Yunxia is currently the Supervisor of
Doctoral Degree students, a Medical Director of Reproductive
Medicine Centre, which is the 1st affiliated Hospital of Anhui
Medical University and the Dean of Department of Obstetrics
and Gynaecology, Anhui Medical University, China. With her
vast experience and knowledge in her field, Professor Cao
has published more than 20 monographs and 150 papers
since 2003. Additionally, she is also a Member of Standing
Committee of Chinese Society of Reproductive Medicine,
Chinese Medical Association, and an expert for evaluation of
Reproductive Medicine Technology, Ministry of Health and
China Medical Award. Being an excellent and scientific
technical worker of the People’s Republic of China, Professor
Dr. Cao Yunxia has been recognized as the Top 100 most
influential women in Hefei City, China.

xiv

Keynote Speaker 3

Halal and COVID-19: Impacts and Possibilities

Professor Dato Dr. Jamil Haji Hamali
Rector of Universiti Teknologi MARA Sarawak Branch

About the Speaker

Professor Dato Dr. Jamil Haji Hamali is the Rector Campus
Director of Universiti Teknologi MARA Sarawak. Formerly, he
was the Dean of the School of Business, UiTM Shah Alam,
Malaysia (the largest business faculty in Malaysia). Years
back, he was also the Deputy Director (Student Affairs) of
UiTM Sarawak. Besides holding numerous administrative
posts, he is actively involved in conducting various seminars
and training specializing in the area of total quality
management, marketing, strategic planning, motivation,
team building, communication, entrepreneurship, leadership,
change management, study skills, problem-solving and
decision making. Participants who have attended his talks
and presentations, highly acknowledged him as a dynamic,
entertaining and inspiring speaker. Among his clients are CELCOM, Bank Utama, Bintulu
Development Authority, Dynamic Seminars, Kuching Waterboard, Customs and Excise,
teacher’s training colleges, youth associations, schools and various government agencies
and departments.

Keynote Speaker 4

Experience Sharing of Chinese Medicine in Fighting the Epidemic,
Transforming Clinical Thinking

Professor Dr. Cheng Wei 程伟
Vice President of Harbin University of Commerce, China

About the Speaker

Prof. Cheng Wei is a Member of the Standing Committee of
the Party Committee, and has engaged himself in various
disciplines, scientific research, and postgraduate education.
He is administering the Graduate School, Research
Department, MBA (MPA) Center, Academic Theory Research
Department, Contact School of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical
Engineering Technology Research Center and School of
Business. His main research directions are on modern
transformation of traditional Chinese medicine and
comparative cultural psychiatry.

xv

Keynote Speaker 5

Higher Education and COVID-19: Impacts and Responses

Professor Dr. Firdaus Abdullah
Deputy Rector (Academic and International Affairs)

Universiti Teknologi MARA Sarawak Branch

About the Speaker

Professor Dr. Firdaus Abdullah is the Deputy Rector
(Academic and International Affairs) at Universiti Teknologi
MARA Sarawak. He obtained his Doctor of Business
Administration (DBA) from the University of South Australia,
MBA and Postgraduate Diploma from Bournemouth
University (UK) as well as Diplôme des Etudes Techniques
Superieures and Diplômeen Gestiondes Entreprises from
Université de Poitiers (France). Having vast experiences in
consultancy and research, covering service quality, customer
satisfaction and loyalty, entrepreneurship, franchising,
strategic planning, socio-economic impact and Islamic
business, his clients include those from both public listed
companies and government ministries, agencies and GLCs.
Besides presenting various papers at international
conferences in the United Kingdom, Australia, Estonia, Sweden, Hong Kong, China,
South Korea, India, Nepal, Singapore, Indonesia, Brunei and Malaysia, Professor Dr.
Firdaus Abdullah is the author of nearly 100 refereed publications, including 21
international journal articles, 70 international conference proceedings and 7 books. He is
currently a visiting professor of Beijing Wuzi University in China.

Keynote Speaker 6

Build A World-Class University, Cultivate Leading Talents in Science and
Technology

Professor Dr. Qu Kun 瞿昆
Executive Deputy Director, Office of International Cooperation, USTC, China

About the Speaker

Professor Qu Kun is a Professor and doctoral supervisor in
the School of Life Sciences of University of Science and
Technology, China. He has engaged himself in
bioinformatics, systems biology, genomics, and genetics for
quite some time. He has published 38 papers in international
academic journals such as New England Journal of Medicine,
Nature, Nature Methods, Nature Biotechnology, Cell, Cell
Stem Cell, Molecular Cell, Developmental Cell, Cell Systems,
Genome Research, Genes and Development and others. In
five years, Google has cited his work more than 1800 times,
with a total impact factor of more than 400 and h-index 19. At
present, he is the reviewer of PNAs, Nature Protocol and
many other journals.

xvi

Keynote Speaker 7

Coping with the Four Cs in Global Education and Related Industry

Professor Dr. Du Jianhui 杜建慧
Executive Vice- President of Henan Education Association for International Exchange

About the Speaker

Professor Du Jianhui, Ph.D., Master’s Supervisor; is the
former Vice-President of Zhongyuan University of
Technology, and is now acting as the Director of the
International Research Center for Logistics Management and
Engineering of Zhongyuan University of Technology, an
evaluation expert of Ministry of Education of China for
Chinese-foreign cooperation of running schools, an Executive
Director of the China Association of Higher Education for
Chinese-Foreign Cooperation of Running Schools, and an
Executive Vice-president of Henan Education Association of
International Exchange. Formerly, she served as an
Executive Director of the National Association of Higher
Education Research in Teaching and Learning, the Deputy
Director of the Expert Committee of Applied Universities of
National Association of Higher Education Research in Teaching and Learning, an advisory
member of the Academic Committee of China Higher Education Reform and Development
Network (Integrated Education Academic Group),an evaluation expert of Ministry of
Education of China for Undergraduate Education Level, and an Executive Director of
China Education Association for International Exchange.

Keynote Speaker 8

Post COVID-19 and International Education Cooperation

Professor Dr. H. Garuda Wiko
Rector of Tanjungpura University

About the Speaker

Prof. Dr. H. Garuda Wiko, S.H., M.Si is the Rector of
Tangjungpura University (Untan) Pontianak for the period of
2019 to 2023. Prof. Garuda holds the title of Professor at the
Untan Law Faculty with great expertise in civil law.His
academic career began when he joined Tanjungpura
University, Pontianak in 1989 as a lecturer at the Faculty of
Law. He was then appointed as the Dean of the Faculty of
Law, Tanjungpura University, Pontianak for 2 term periods
from 2006 - 2010 and 2010-2014.

xvii

Day 1

Day 1: Afternoon Parallel Session 1 / 3.15 – 5.45

Time (min) Speaker and Paper title

B113 Topic: Natural Sciences
3.25 Chair: Prof. Dr. Khong Heng Yen
3.45
4.05 [ID093] Biological Assessments of Musa paradisiaca cv. Sekaki
4.25 20 Florets from Borneo
4.45
5.05 Muhammad Mirza Ariffin, Khong Heng Yen, Nyotia Nyokat, Liew Gee
Moi, Ahmad Sazali Hamzah, Korawinwich Boonpisuttinant

[ID026] Asymmetric Synthesis of (1S,2S)-hydroxy cyclohexene-
1,2,3-triazole derivatives
20
Sufi An-Nur Abd Haris, Siti Sarah Shasuddin, Fazni Susila Abdul Ghani,
Najmah P.S Hassan and Mohd Tajudin Mohd Ali

[ID038] Synthesis of Trans Dihydroxy Nboc Cyclohexene: A Potential
20 Precursor for (-)-Muricatacin Derivatives

Sufi An-Nur Haris, Zurhana Mat Hussin and Mohd Tajudin Mohd Ali

Chair: Dr. Nyotia Nyokat

[ID022] The Isolation of Picrocrocin From Saffron (Azza'faran)
20

Ibtisam Abdul Wahab and Hannis Fadzillah Mohsin

[ID004] The Effect of Unripe Saba Banana Composite Flour on
Acceptance and Physicochemical Characteristics of Biscuits.
20
Mariely Ayu Shareenie, Aisyah Matkhir Afham, Haque Akanda Jahurul,
Mamat Hasmadi and Abdul Hamid Mansoor

[ID002] Secondary Metabolites from Morinda elliptica Leaves and
20 Root Extracts and their Antioxidant Activities

Henry Wakawa, Fasihuddin Badruddin Ahmad, Heng Yen Khong and
Zaini Assim

xviii

B114 Topic: Social and Community
3.15 Chair: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Jennifer Tunga Janang
3.35
3.55 [ID025] Green Campus Sustainability of Higher Learning Institutions
4.15 in Malaysia
20
4.35 Wan Nor Hazimah Wan Azib, Muslim Ismail, Rohazlyn Rosly and Zulkifli
4.55 Mohamed
5.15
[ID027] Final Account Preparation in The Construction Industry:
20 Competencies and Challenges of Quantity Surveyors

Nur Khairina Khairul Hisham and Mohd Khairul Fitri Othman

[ID029] A Study on Undergraduate Chemistry Student Performance
in Basic Organic Chemistry using Organic Chemistry Mapping model
20 (OCM)
Mohd Tajudin Mohd Ali

[ID035] Smart Pipe
20 Muhammad Aizat Bin Ibrahim, Haslinda Binti Abd Rahim, Suzella Binti

Ab Samad, Norazira Binti Mohamad Zin and Malika Bin Abdul Malek

Chair: Dr. Lau Ung Hua

[ID001] Bridging the Gap between the Derivatives and Graph
Sketching in Calculus: An Innovative Game-based Learning
20 Approach
Syah Runniza Ahmad Bakri, Chin Ying Liew, Chee Khium Chen, Moi
Hua Tuh and Siew Ching Ling

[ID028] Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Analysis of Tuned
Mass Damper Mechanism for a Multiple Degree of Freedom
20 Structure
Afham Zulhusmi bin Ahmad, Aminudin bin Abu and Lee Kee Quen

[ID064] University Students’ Perspectives on Open Distance
20 Learning (ODL) Implementation Amidst COVID19

Vloreen Nity Mathew and Ellen Chung

xix

B125 Topic: Engineering and Technologies
3.15
3.45 Chair: Sr. Dr. Ahmad Faiz Abdul Rashid, PQS
4.05
4.25 [Invited] Application of Innovative Agriculture Light Technology of
30 Positive Energy Agriculture in Fig Cultivation
4.45
5.05 Bai Shi Yin
5.25
[ID018] Enhancement of High Strength Concrete (HSC) Performance
20 by Utilizing Nano Wastepaper Sludge Ash (WPSA)

Aidan Newman, Nuradila Izzaty Halim, Muhd Norhasri Muhd Sidek,
Hamidah Mohd Saman and Anizahyati Alisibramulisi

[ID017] Effect of Utilization of Nano POFA on Performance of Self
Consolidating High Performance Concrete (SCHPC)
20
Nuradila Izzaty Halim, Aidan Newman, Muhd Norhasri Muhd Sidek,
Hamidah Mohd Saman and Suliman Nurul Huda

[ID062] Compression Behaviour of Concrete Cylinder with
Confinement of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP)
20
Norsalwa Aisyah Senu, Ruqayyah Ismail, Norlizan Wahid and Hazrina
Ahmad

Chair: Dr. Robin Chang Yee Hui

[ID037] The Potential of Carbon Footprint Reduction of a Mid-Rise
20 Residential Building in Sarawak

Nurdiyanah Yaman and Ahmad Faiz Abd Rashid

[ID045] Exploring Fire Protection System Application in Timber
Longhouse Architecture
20
Ku Mohammad Asyraf Ku Azir, Eunice Harika Clarence and Mohd
Khairul Fitri Othman

[ID048] Implementation of Industrialised Building System in Malaysia
20 over Five Decades

Siti Rashidah Mohd Nasir, Abdul Munir Zulkifli and Norhayati Jaafar

xx

B127 Topic: Social and Community
3.15 Chair: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Hasmah Mohidin
3.35
3.55 [ID032] The Impact of Employee Commitment and Satisfaction on
4.15 Training Effectiveness

4.35 20 Rumaizah Che Md Nor, Norlina Mohamed Noor, Sueb Ibrahim, Nor
4.55 Hannah Shahirah Shahril Anwar and Muhammad Akmal Mohamad
5.15 Azlan

[ID039] Constraints of Paddy Production Among Smallholding
Farmers in Samarahan
20
Zubaidah Yusop, Ahmad Shahir Abd Aziz, Abdul Rahman Saili,
Rumaizah Che Md Nor and Siti Sahmsiah Sahmat

[ID041] Sustainable Livelihood Strategies and Potential Socio-

Economic Development Activities in Kampung Kesindu, Simunjan
20

Evie Sendi Ibil, Shariffah Zatil Hidayah Bt Syed Jamaludin, Noraziah
Wahi and Roseline Anak Ikau

[ID040] Sistem Pengurusan Islami Berteraskan Konsep 5M Mampu

20 Mewujudkan Kelestarian Pendidikan Mampan Di Institusi Pengajian
Tinggi Malaysia

Zanirah Mustafa, Mohd Nazri Mat Zin and Noraini Junoh

Chair: Dr. Clotilda Petrus

[ID033] Nursing Students’ Perceived Effective Clinical Teachers’
Behaviors
20
Squiter Macroy Wilsom Mukan, Dorothy Kulai and Rumaizah Haji Che
Md Nor

[ID034] Parents' Involvement in the Use of the Internet Among
20 Children During Movement Control Order (MCO)

Zuriani Ahmad Zukarnain, Mimi Zazira Hashim, Norrini Mohammad and
Farah Ahlami Mansor

[ID042] Exploring the Sustainable Retirement Village Concept in
20 Malaysian Context: An Initial Review

Ruth Lua Ejau, Farah Ajlaa Julaihi, Syamimi Liyana Amat Rais and
Asmah Alia Mohamad Bohari

xxi

B128 Topic: Medical and Health Sciences
3.15 Chair: Dr. Siti Nor Ain bt. Seri Masran
3.35
3.55 [ID023] Depression, Anxiety and Stress with possible sources of
4.15
20 stressors among Quantity Surveying Students in a Private University
4.35 in Malaysia
4.55
5.15 Ooi Kean Thong

[ID024] Post-COVID-19 Challenges: A Novel Approach to Promote
Mental Health using Original Music and Pulse-Based Narration in
20 Progressive Muscle Relaxation

Valerie Ross and Abid Amir

[ID030] The Understanding of Breast Self-Examination (BSE) among
the Nursing Undergraduate student in the Public University
20
Khairil Ami, Siti Hussein, Norazilah Khalip, Norizan Masri, Nooraziah
Jalil and Haliza Abdul Rahman

[ID052] Assessment of Hand Hygiene Practices among UNIMAS
Medical and Nursing Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Are
20 Your Hands Clean?
Nur Aqilah Anis Julaihi, Azmira Abdullah, Javer Jimbau, Sofia
Mohammad Adib Abdullah, Stephanie Isabelle Ating and Isabel Lim
Fong

Chair: Dr. Isabel Fong Lim

[ID036] COVID-19 Antibody Surveillance Among Healthcare Workers
20 in a Non-COVID designated Cardiology Centre

Hwei Sung Ling

[ID031] Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccination: The Parent’s
20 Knowledge and Practice

Siti Hussein, Nuraina Mardia Mohd Noor, Mastura Amira Kamarudin and
Rosnita Hashim

[ID057] Malaysian Nurses’ Knowledge and Practice Towards
Prevention of Surgical Site Infection
20
Fatimah Sham, Nur Azira Abdul Raji, Mohd Fitri Omar, Zulkarnain
Hasan, Muhammad Khairi Patahorahman and Yogarani Supramaaniam

xxii

Day 2

Day 2: Morning Parallel Session 2 / 11.15 – 12.55

Time (min) Speaker and Paper title

B113 Topic: Natural Sciences
11.15
11.35 Chair: Prof. Dr. Chew Keng Sheng
11.55
[ID051] In-Vitro Study of Antioxidant Activity and Anticancer
12.15 Properties of Clinacanthus nutans Extracts
12.35 20
Joyce Hui Yie Phung, Isabel Lim Fong, Heng Yen Khong and Weng Kit
Ban

[ID053] Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Different Solvent
Extracts of Clinacanthus nutans
20
Weng Kit Ban, Isabel Lim Fong, Heng Yen Khong, Joyce Hui Yie Phung
and Muhammad Mirza Ariffin

[ID054] Antimicrobial Stewardship: Awareness and Prevalence of
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in A Rural Community
20 of Kota Samarahan
Zi Yun Lim, Imelda Bintang Ali, Noor Syamimi Mortadza, Mohd. Afif
Izzuddin Tony, Isabel Lim Fong and Helmy Hazmi

[ID075] Antimicrobial Assessment of Crude Extract of Epidermal
Mucus from Hybrid Climbing Perch (Anabas testudineus) on
20 Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio alginolyticus
Aiman Shafiq Zahari, Ruhil Hayati Hamdan, Ain Auzureen Mat Zin,
Maizan Mohamed, Tan Li Peng, Nora Faten Afifah Mohamad and
Sharifah Raina Manaf

[ID065] Feasibility Study on Underutilised Sago Waste Biochar as
Soil Amendment on Sweet Corn (Zea mays) on Mineral Soil
20 Suraiya Mahdian, Hasmah Mohidin, Sulaiman Man, Azizu Soteh Ali,
Kevin Dinggun Kanang, Mickler Mamat Samuel, Joeghea Bubun Jabris
Naong and Sharon Petery

xxiii

B114 Topic: Social and Community
11.15 Chair: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Leong Siow Hoo
11.35
11.55 [ID044] A Research on the Connotation and Realization Path of
12.15 20 University’s Labour Education in the New Era
12.35
Zhang Jun Li and Kimberley Lau Yih Long

[ID046] Online Learning: A Post COVID-19 Alternative Pedagogy for
20 University Students

Sandra Sim, Hannah Sim and Cheng-Sim Quah

[ID050] Exploring the Effectiveness of Integrated Online Distance
Learning Ecosystem
20
Anderson Ngelambong, Hashim Fadzil Ariffin, Nur'Hidayah Che Ahmat,
Irina Mohd Akhir and Johanna Adlin Ahmad

[ID056] The Needs for Clinical Practice Module for Nursing Students

20 Suzana Yusof, Nurul Hidayah Mustaffa Kamal Bashah, Anis Nabila
Othman, Fatimah Sham, Norhafizatul Akma Shohor, Sofee Mohamed
Akhlak and Dorothy Kulai

[ID060] Quality of Work Life Among Public Hospital Nurses in
Sarawak, Malaysia
20
Frannelya Francis, Fatimah Sham, Azniah Alias, Siti Munirah Abdul
Wahab, Suzana Yusof and Hasmah Johan

B125 Topic: Social and Community
11.15 Chair: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sandra Sim Phek Lin
11.35
11.55 [ID070] University Students’ Online Learning Satisfaction and
12.15 20 Intention to Continue using Online Learning During COVID-19
12.35
Ellen Chung and Vloreen Nity Mathew

[ID020] A Case Study on Effectiveness of Peer Tutoring Program on
Students’ Academic Performance for Engineering Course
20
Fei Ha Chiew, Clotilda Petrus, Siti Zaidah Othman, Joe Davylyn Nyuin
and Ung Hua Lau

[ID068] High-Value TVET: Development of Industry-Led Engineering
20 Technology Curriculum

Rudy Tawie and Tan Hing Kwong

[ID069] Overcoming COVID-19 Challenges in Higher Education via
20 Asynchronous Learning

Ellen Chung

[ID063] The Factors of Obesity Among Children in Malaysia
20 Fauziah Deraman, Raihanah Mohd Mokhtar, Nurul Asyiqin Mustafa and

Noralisa Ismail

xxiv

B127 Topic: Social and Community
11.15 Chair: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Juferi Idris
11.35
11.55 [ID043] Status of Sarawak Fisheries: Challenges and Way Forward
20 Wen Chiat Lee, K. Kuperan Viswanathan, Thalany Kamri and Siew King
12.15
12.35 Ting

[ID058] Perceptions from industrial perspectives on the stormwater
management practices in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah
20
Awang Nasrizal Awang Ali, Grace Agnes Justin, Nurmin Bolong and
Nazaruddin Abdul Taha

[ID067] Trends in Enrollment of Diploma in Engineering Students at
20 UiTMCS Before and After the Spread of COVID-19 Pandemic

Rudy Tawie, Nurul Najihah Mad Rosni, Maureen Neging and Chiew Fei
Ha

Topic: Sciences and Technologies

[ID059] Effect of Combination of Slow Release Fertilizer and EFB
20 Compost on Immature Oil Palm in Coastal Sandy Soil

Siraj Munir Bin Mohammad and Margaret Chan Kit Yok

[ID055] Development of E-Scooter Tracking and Anti-Theft System
20 Using Open Source IoT Platforms

Mohd Yazid Mohd Anas Khan

B128 Topic: Social and Community
11.15
11.35 Chair: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ling Siew Eng

11.55 [ID066] Service Excellence Attitudes for Sustainability
12.15 20

Boo Ho Voon, Joshua Ern Hua Voon and Ai Kiat Teo

[ID071] Student Portfolio Implementation in Reflecting Program
Outcome at Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
20 Pulau Pinang Malaysia
Clotilda Petrus, Ruqayyah Ismail, Caroline Marajan, Bahardin Baharom
and Fariz Aswan Ahmad Zakwan

[ID072] The Development of Assessment Coversheet Integrating
20 OBE for Documentation in Quality Management System

Caroline Marajan, Caroline Peter Diman, Clotilda Petrus, Maureen
Neging, Siti Zaidah Othman and Rudy Tawie

[ID047] Assessing Psychomotor Domain in Civil Engineering Design
20 Project During Pandemic

Fei Ha Chiew and Beatrice Christianus Bidaun

xxv

12.35 [ID079] Cultural Heritage Conservation of Iban Longhouse Homestay
20

Catherine Pangkas and Thalany Kamri

Day 2: Afternoon Parallel Session 2 / 2.00 – 4.00

Time (min) Speaker and Paper title
B113
2.00 Topic: Social and Community
2.20 Chair: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Kudip Singh
2.40
3.00 [ID073] Managing Service Operations Through Total Operations
20 Management in Service (TOMS) Framework
3.20
3.40 Abg Hamizam Abg Mohar, Firdaus Abdullah and Boo Ho Voon

[ID074] Validating Cultural Landscape in a Non-Homogenous
20 Population

Ida Izumi Abdollah, Firdaus Abdullah and Boo Ho Voon

[ID078] Factor That Influence Sarawak Local Authorities
20 Performance

Siti Mardinah Abdul Hamid, Jamil Hamali and Firdaus Abdullah

[ID076] E-learning as a Way to Teach During the COVID-19
Pandemic
20
Obsatar Sinaga, Mohd Haizam, Eka Angga, Rima Rachmawati and

Suskim Riantani

[ID077] Earthquake Detection Named SeGUT D-001 Widyatama
University’s Innovation
20
Udin Komarudin, Martoni Martoni, Nia Nuraeni, Marisa Hirary, Adhita
Prasetia and Heru Santoso

[ID096] Consequences of Generation Z into mobile addiction among
20 indigenous in rural area at Sungai Asap, Belaga, Sarawak.

Augustine Freedy Minggu

B114 Topic: Social and Community
2.00 Chair: Dr. Kuan Siaw Vui
2.20
[ID010] Acceptance of Students’ Attendance System Application
20 (QR Code): UiTM Here

Adib Sarkawi, Aiza Johari, Ketty Chachil and Muhammad Fikri
Othman

[ID080] Resident support for Sustainable Cultural Heritage Tourism
development in Sarawak: Perceived Tourism Benefits and QOL
20 perspectives
Ida Anak Ingko

xxvi

[ID087] Comparative Study on PO Attainment in Soil Engineering

2.40 Course During COVID-19 Pandemic at Faculty of Civil Engineering,
20 Sarawak Branch

Farah Hafifee Ahmad and Lannie Francis

3.00 [ID086] Programme Outcomes Assessment for E-Learning
20 Laboratory Based Engineering Course During COVID-19 Pandemic

Lannie Francis and Farah Hafifee Binti Ahmad Ahmad

3.20 [ID091] The Theory and Practice of Aging Housing Transformation in
20 China and Abroad: A Mini Review

Zhang Jun Li and Khong Heng Yen

[ID095] Project Manager Competency Towards Quality Performance

3.40 of Highway Construction
20

Abu Bakar Ahmat, Jati Kasuma Ali and Mohamad Ezad Hafez Mohd

Pahroraji

B125 Topic: Social and Community
2.00 Chair: Dr. Abdul Jabbar Abdullah
2.20
2.40 [ID081] Place Attachment towards Destination Image and Pro
3.00 20 Tourism Behaviour
3.20
3.40 Sherrymina Kichin and Jati Kasuma

[ID082] Identifying community involvement in sustaining Community-
20 based Tourism (CBT) among the Ibans Community in Sarawak

Francesca Enchang and Jati Kasuma Ali

[ID083] Big Data Analytics Capabilities Drive Firm Performance
20 Mediated by Dynamic Capabilities.

Maklen Ali, Jati Kasuma Ali and Yasmin Kamall Khan

[ID084] Altruism as Motivational Factor Leads of Individual Social
20 Entrepreneur in Business Sustainability

Aloh Elis, Jati Kasuma Ali and Norlina Mohamed Noor

[ID085] Systematic Literature Review on the Relationship between
20 Islamic Spiritual Intelligence and Business Success

Awang Moslem Awang Annuar and Jati Kasuma Ali

[ID090] The Spread of the Typical Costume of Han Nationality in
Modern Times
20
Ding Mengshu, Qistina Donna Lee Abdullah and Salmiah bt Abdul
Hamid

xxvii

Invited Lecture

Coping with the Four Cs in Global Education and Related Industry
Professor Dr. Jianhui, Du

Executive Vice-President of Henan Education Association for International Exchange,
China

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought immense impact on global economy and social life.
The governments, societies and people must face the challenges it has brought about.
With the closedown of boarders of countries and cities, the mobility of people and goods
slows down, which impacts the economic, social activities and education. The COVID-19
pandemic has changed people’s mindset for consumption and behavior and caused the
flourishing of some business and declining of others. It calls for us in different sectors to
cope with this unavoidable situation. In this paper, the four Cs: challenges, chances,
changes and collaborations are discussed and analyzed in a global education perspective
with the data analysis of the challenges in education sector and the employability in
industry, the chances for the wide application of educational technology and the related
industry, the concern of changes in education policies and regulations, and the reform of
teaching and learning through the use of new methodologies, the merging of digital and
information platforms with education, and the collaboration between educational
institutions and hi-tech companies in course development and laboratory construction.
The possible solutions are discussed, and suggestions are made for further research and
discussion. The challenges are there, but chances always come along with them. Making
positive changes is the only way to overcome the difficulties and create opportunities for
development. In the digital and information technology dominated world, educational
resources are no longer local or territorial, but boundaryless and internationally obtainable
with the internet. The application of technologies such as AR and VR to the education and
industry training will bring great changes in the form and contents of teaching and learning,
as well as the educational systems. There are also great opportunities for the industry
sector to contribute to the education and gain benefit from it.

1

Invited Lecture

Application of Innovative Positive Energy Agriculture Light Technology in Fig
Cultivation

Bai Shi Yin

Bai Shi Yin Organisation
57 Kaki Bukit View Kaki Bukit Tech Park 2 Singapore 415977

[email protected]

Abstract

In the process of a long-term practical research, Bai Shi Yin has astonishingly discovered
that Er Shu Zi , which is a negative force, is the primary reason causing the decline in
adaptability; prevalence of pest and disease infestations; and low quality, low yield of
agricultural crops. Upheavals of Er Shu Zi, had been recorded in BCE 581 (nearly 2600
years ago) in the Chinese Annals Zuozhuan • Chenggong Shi Nian. The principle behind
Positive Energy Agriculture is the application of Guang Li Liang Aggregated of Wisdom-
Light Technology in Light- transmuting Er Shu Zi negative force. With the principle of plant
cultivation through the application of Wisdom-Light waves to generate vibration stimulus
in changing the ecological environment and plant ecological genetics, the re-Engineering
of agro-ecosystem and sustainable development is realised. The experimentations were
conducted at Beijing Fig Experimental Research Base in China. After 6 months of
laborious work, it was found that fig trees applied with Guang Li Liang Aggregated Plant
Nourishments grew robustly, were tall and straight; self-supporting; and possessed
optimal branches, with heights 1-1.2 m taller than the bent trees planted at the same time
but without the application. The fruits were bigger, brighter in colour, non-splitting and of
the good quality devoid of pest and disease infestations. Therefore, it is imperative to
accelerate the transformation of agriculture into Positive Energy Agriculture and enhance
the resilience of crops. This ground-breaking technology brings great innovations to
agriculture.

Keywords: Positive Energy, Er Shu Zi, Guang Li Liang Aggregated, Light-transmuting,
Innovative Agriculture Light Technology, Sustainable Development

1.0 INTRODUCTION

This study is based on the affirming and verification of the application of Bai Shi Yin
Innovative Agriculture Light Technology in enhancing the growth of plants, improving the
quality and yield of produce, and reducing pest and disease infestations through this non-
polluting technology, which forms the basis for a sustainable development in agriculture.
In this study, the focus is on its application in fig cultivation on an Experimental Research
Base in Beijing, China.

Bai Shi Yin Innovative Agriculture Light Technology, developed by Bai Shi Yin of Bai
Shi Yin Organisation, Singapore, is established on the application of Light in agriculture,
with Light as the positive energy and negative energy, being the primary root cause for
the majority of pest and disease infestations, as well as poor growth and low yields.
Negative energy, or negative force, is rooted in the Er Shu Zi Culture, with Er Shu Zi as
the primary source of the negative energy causing human sufferings and the disasters of

2

the Earth. Bai Shi Yin unravelled the nearly 2600-year-old mystery (BCE 581) surrounding
the upheaval-disturbance of Er Shu Zi , long recorded in Zuozhuan • Chenggong Shi Nian,
utilising positive energy, or the power of Guang Li Liang Aggregated, to Light-transmute
Er Shu Zi . This is synonymous with Light-transmuting the life-threatening Sheng Ming Fu
Xin Xi Zuo Luan (upheaval-disturbance of negative entities) and destructive Sheng Ming
Fu Qi Chang Gan Rao (overwhelming interference of negative energy fields. Bai Shi Yin
instituted the Er Shu Zi Culture into a systematised discourse involving science and
theory, establishing a unique discipline of Oriental Science in resolving many problems.

The crystallisation and the core results of the research entail the following: Guang Li
Liang Aggregated Light-transmuting Er Shu Zi negative force; the Light Study Formula of
Light + Water = Light; A∞ + B∞ = A∞∞ Light Formula where A∞ represents infinite Light,
B∞ represents infinite types of carrying medium of Light, and A∞∞ represents the
combination of infinite Light with infinite types of carrying medium of Light.

Bai Shi Yin is a Vice President of International Green Economy Association and has
been awarded with International Woman Scientist Award; Eminent Scientist Lifetime
Achievements Award; and Most Responsible Social-preneur-Agriculture. Her
Organisation has been awarded with Agricultural Innovation and Invention Award of the
Malaysian Ministry of Agriculture; Standing Council Unit of International Green Economy
Association; and International Agricultural Contribution Outstanding Award

2.0 METHODS

2.1 Location

This study on fig plants is carried out through the co-operational efforts between Bai
Shi Yin Innovative Agriculture Light Technology Fig Base and Beijing Jiudu Sunshine
Agricultural Development Co., Ltd. at Guang Li Liang Aggregated Fig Research Base.
Situated in Shunyi District in Beijing, the Research Base is the non-polluting, sustainable
development practical research base of Bai Shi Yin Organisation and it is located at
Beijing Jiudu Sunshine Agricultural Development Fig Picking Orchard.

2.2 Experimental

The Base is firstly, Light-transmuted. This means the removal of any residual negative
energy of the land to be used. Light-transmuting is carried out using Guang Li Liang
Aggregated 549 Light Stickers affixed to either Guang Li Liang Aggregated bottles or to
any bottles of normal clean water. The sprinkling or spraying of the water over the land is
then carried out before the planting of the figs. Thereafter, it is applied on a weekly basis
or as desired.

Next, the figs are planted as normal. No chemical fertilisers or pesticides are used. The
Base is divided into two sections with similar growing environment and cultivational
techniques, except that one section is with the application of Bai Shi Yin Innovative
Agriculture Light Technology. Specifically, for comparison purpose, Figure 1 shows that
the left side is without the application of the Technology.

The application of Bai Shi Yin Innovative Agriculture Light Technology entails the
regular application on a weekly basis or any other intervals of Guang Li Liang Aggregated.
For the other aspects of the Technology application, the person responsible for the Fig
Experimental Base uses one sheet of 549 Light Sticker, folded and buried into the ground
between 2 fig plants in each row at the section, where the Technology is applied.

3

Additionally, 549 Light-derived Nourishments are applied as one would when using
regular fertilisers.

During the first season, the fig trees were observed over 6 months.

3.0 RESULTS

In the first season in 2017, the fig plants applied with Innovative Agriculture Light
Technology had tall, straight, and sturdy stems and branches. Unlike the plants that were
not applied with the Technology, they did not have curvy branches and the woody
structures were solid. Additionally, they were some 1-1.2 m taller (Figure 1). The fruits
were larger, with no visible splits and were more vibrant in colour, indicating high quality
produce.

In the second season in 2018, the leaves of the fig trees applied with the Technology
were much larger and were shiny. Fruits were larger and regular in shape, with sweetly
textured flesh (Figure 2). Each plant could produce about 300 fruits, much more than the
plants that were not applied with the Technology (Figure 3).

The fig plants that were not applied with 549 Light-derived Nourishments had much
smaller stems with curvy branches and could not remain upright without support. The fruits
took a longer time to ripen and the quality and taste were not as ideal, with a sourish taste.
Additionally, the flesh of the fruit turned black easily.

The left row of plants, The right row are fig
used for comparison plants cultivated under
purpose, represents similar conditions but
the section where fig with the application of
plants are cultivated Innovative Agriculture
normally. Light Technology. The
plants are significantly
sturdier, with the
heights of 1-1.2 m
taller.

Fig. 1 Comparison of fig plants with and without the application of the technology

4

Fig. 2 For the fig plants applied with the Technology in the second season, the fruits are
larger and regular in shape, with sweetly textured flesh.

Fig. 3 Each fig tree can bear about 300 fruits, much more than the plants without the
application of the Technology.

Another point worth noting is that although no pesticides were used, there were no pest
infestations, especially of the plants applied with 549 Light Stickers and 549 Light-derived
Nourishments. In the third season in 2019, to reaffirm the quality of the figs grown using
Innovative Agriculture Light Technology, the figs grown at the Research Base had
competed in the 2019 China National Fig Competition. Jiudu Sunlight Agriculture
Development Co. Ltd., Beijing, and 549 Fig Orchard were awarded the Green-eco China-
Finding the Nation’s Best Quality Fig Cultivation Finals Champion; Best Food Safety Gold
Award; Best Technology Innovation Award; and etc. for a total of eight awards.

4.0 DISCUSSIONS

The basis of application of the Innovative Agriculture Light Technology in agriculture
relates to the environment, which is the agricultural ecosystem. The aim of humans when
developing ecological agriculture is to regulate the flow of light energy flow in the

5

ecosystem, in order to improve the utilisation rate of light energy. The agricultural
technique of Bai Shi Yin Innovative Agriculture Light Technology is changing the Light-
transmuting of negative energy into positive energy, and Light-transmuting Er Shu Zi
negative force into positive force. In doing so, the re-Engineering of the agricultural
ecosystem is realised, thereby attaining the availability of nourishing green products.

The re-Engineering and improvement of agricultural ecology systems should be
implemented through 6 approaches (Figure 4). The first fundamental issue is the mindset
of the farmers. After that, the focuses are on the health of farmers, environment
management, soil optimisation, and the application of 549 Light-derived Plant
Nourishments and Pest Light-transmuting Agent, with a view to prevent the use of toxic
products to achieve the basis of a natural balance in the ecology.

Fig. 4 The 6 aspects for re-Engineering and improvement of the agricultural ecosystem
1) Reverting to farmers’ mindset, the importance of virtue of “A requiting heart of

gratitude is the key to success”; and the need to requite family members for their
contributions, to the country and to society ae inculcated. The key aspects are
protecting the environment; soil; water; and having a loving heart, is the best
nourishment for plants.
2) As for the health of farmers, Trio of Three Treasures are applied, comprising firstly,
the Three Treasures of Life, which are the 8+6 Energy Exchange Formula,
consuming a bottle of Guang Li Liang Aggregated a day and the 121 Light-
transmuting of the environment. The second set consists of Three Treasures, viz.,
the Three Treasures of Merits and the principle that is in giving that one receives,
with profound merits, as the enabler of blessings. The third set is the Three
Treasures of Nourishing in which the principles of cleansing, sustaining, regulating,
and building resistance are advocated.
3) It is Light-transmuting, focusing on the importance of Light-transmuting that is
placed on soil optimisation, water sources and air. This clears the land of negative
energy as the fundamental basis, especially to start with the cultivation of
agricultural plants. In a long term, it is also the backbone of environment
management for sustainable development in agriculture.

6

4) On soil optimisation, the process involves Light-transmuting the Er Shu Zi, that is
impacting the growth of plants, converting the Er Shu Zi negative energy to positive
energy to attain high-quality, high- yielding produce. The key to this is the application
of Light-derived nourishments, and 549 Light Stickers, both of which are applied
incisively for effective results.

5) 549 Light-derived Nourishment, which is without agricultural residues and does
not contain chemical fertilisers, is the most suitable choice. It is of natural fertilisers,
fundamentally enhances fertility, while Light-transmuting Er Shu Zi at the same time.

6) The primary root cause of low yields in agriculture is based on the key research of
Er Shu Zi, which was long recorded in Zuozhuan ∙ Chenggong Shi Nian of our noble
Chinese Traditional Culture. Moreover, Er Shu Zi is the source of low yields in
agriculture where the energy can be divided into positive energy and negative
energy. Er Shu Zi is the typical form of negative energy, and negative force. When
the land is full of Er Shu Zi, it does not promote the growth of grass, let alone other
plants. It is found that Er Shu Zi is the cause for 69-73% of pest infestations. With
Er Shu Zi manifests as pest infestations, the agricultural produce is impacted and in
serious cases, the land does not even support the growth of grass. The application
of the eco-friendly Pest and Disease Light-transmuting Agent is advocated, in which
the Light transmutes the dark entities of pests, Light- transmuting pest and disease
infestations, while promoting the growth of plants, luxuriant foliage and abundant
fruiting.

Prior to the planting of agricultural crops, there is a need to have a continued and
sustained Light-transmuting of the land after the initial Light-transmuting. Due to the
uncountable Er Shu Zi that is present in the air, the collective Er Shu Zi is ubiquitous
and pervasive.

5.0 SUMMARY

In the 21st Century, Light-derived Nourishments and the unprecedented Guang Li
Liang Agriculture are connections that constitute the health and happiness of mankind,
and the restitution of the glory and splendour of the Earth.

In agriculture, the approach is predicated based on the interplay of positive energy and
negative energy of the land. Positive energy is exemplified in Guang Li Liang Aggregated,
which is also Light and the backbone of Bai Shi Yin Innovative Agriculture Light
Technology. Negative energy is Er Shu Zi, causing untold calamities to mankind and the
Earth. It is found in the inter-transformation of energy through the process of Light-
transmuting Er Shu Zi by Guang Li Liang Aggregated, and the improvement and
optimisation of the soil ecosystem that can be attained by the Light-transmuting of the
degree of Er Shu Zi negativity in the soil, in which will result in high-quality, high-yielding
fruit produce without agricultural residues.

Based on the earlier discourse, there are 6 key advantages of Innovative Agriculture
Light Technology application. The most important benefits among them are the potentials
of being sustainable, developable, and universal. The remaining 6 key advantages are
the reduction of pest and disease infestations, negative effects, crisis of staff shortages;
reduction of pollution to soil, environment and the air; being safe, secure and healthful;
being easy to learn, to understand, and to apply; and giving high- quality, high- yield and
high- efficiency.

7

3 Assuring Qualities: Safe; Secure; Healthful
3 “Easy”: Easy to learn; Easy to understand; Easy to Apply
3 Highs: High Quality; High Yield; High Efficiency
3 Capable Potentialities: Sustainable; Developable; Universal
3 “Less”: Less Pollution of Water and Soil; the Air; the Environment
3 Reductions: Reduce Pest and Disease Infestations; Reduce Negative Effects;

Reduce Staff Shortage

Fig. 5 Six Key Advantages of Bai Shi Yin Innovative Agriculture Light Technology

Through the experiential research processes, Bai Shi Yin Innovative Agriculture Light
Technology can resolve the primary root cause of the serious low yields in agriculture.
The simplest method is to resolve and Light-transmute Er Shu Zi ’s upheaval-disturbance,
changing Light-transmuting negative energy into positive energy, and Light-transmuting
negative force into positive force. The re-Engineering of the agricultural ecosystem is
realised, thereby reducing pest and disease infestations; improving product quality;
optimising the soil environment; protecting the environment; enabling the healthy and
rapid growth of agricultural crops, and thus, improving the agro-ecological environment
and realising the future of sustainable agricultural development.

Acknowledgements
Our gratitude to everyone who had supported this research, especially Li Shu Jiu, General
Manager of Beijing Jiudu Sunshine Agricultural Development Co., Ltd.

References
Bai S.Y. (2015). Bai Shi Yin Guang Li Liang Wisdom-Light Technology Application ·
Research · Achievements: Bai Shi Yin Guang Li Liang Ke Ji Yan Jiu Yuan.
Bai S. Y. (2016). Bai Shi Yin Guang Li Liang Agriculture Application, Achievements,
Testimonies: Bai Shi Yin Guang Li Liang Ke Ji Yan Jiu Yuan.
Bai S. Y. (2015). Wisdom-Light Aphorisms Vol 1: Bai Shi Yin Guang Li Liang Ke Ji Yan
Jiu Yuan. Bai S. Y. (2018). Wisdom-Light Aphorisms Vol 2: Bai Shi Yin Guang Li Liang
Ke Ji Yan Jiu Yuan.

8

Contributed Papers

ID001

Bridging the Gap between the Derivatives and Graph Sketching in Calculus: An
Innovative Game-based Learning Approach

Syah Runniza Ahmad Bakri1 *, Chin Ying Liew1, Chee Khium Chen1, Moi Hua Tuh1,
Siew Ching Ling1

1Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
Sarawak Branch, Sarawak, Malaysia

*Corresponding author: [email protected]

Keywords: Visualization; Calculus; Graph sketching; Game-based learning; Embodied
learning

1.0 Introduction

Sketching the graph of mathematical functions through the interpretation using
derivatives is a challenging task for undergraduate students who enroll for the first level
of calculus course. Before graph plotting, students are required to perform a thorough
function analysis using the concepts learned in differentiation. They are then expected to
solicit the results obtained, i) slope at a point on the curve, ii) direction of the function, iii)
the relative extrema, iv) concavity of the function, v) inflection points vi) horizontal and
vertical asymptotes for the graph of a function and vii) concept of the limits, to sketch the
graph. Nevertheless, the students face great difficulties in achieving this goal; fail to relate
the information obtained in the analysis and representing the given function graphically.
Their performance is thus negatively affected eventually. To overcome this cognitive gap,
an innovative board game named Graph Puzzle (GP) is developed. It is intended to
function as a manipulative to facilitate students in comprehending the inter-related
algebraic, symbolic, and graphic representation of a function under the applications of
derivatives, forming the corresponding procedural and conceptual knowledge. This study
aims to evaluate the effectiveness of GP via interventions integrated within the level one
calculus instructions in a local public university. Specifically, this study intends to
investigate the effect of GP on students’ performance in obtaining the sketch of polynomial
and rational functions.

There is a need to close the gap in relating the graph of a function and its derivatives
through a game-based learning education tool innovated by incorporating five main
elements. First, it should provide an environment for embodied learning that involves
meaningful learning through interaction between learners’ physical body and their physical
world (Duijzer et al., 2019; Oudgenoeg-Paz et al., 2016; Tall, 2013). Second, it enables
visualization of abstract concept and relate the results of derivatives obtained procedurally
(Borji et al., 2018; Mendezabal and Tindowen, 2018; Orhun, 2012). Third, it engages
hands-on activities that involves active mental or cognitive engagement (Rohaenah et al.,
2019; Rondina, 2019). Fourth, it grabs hold of the technological advancement with
optimum didactical nature (Hong and Thomas, 2015). Lastly, it blends in the games and
play element (Smith and Golding, 2018; Morrison and Secker, 2017). Consequently, GP
is developed based on these five elements for a game-based learning approach,

9

comprising the aspects of competition, engagement, and immediate rewards. It is an
education board game cum teaching and learning aid to assist students in overcoming the
gap of comprehending the relationship between the results they obtained from the
analysis of a function via derivatives and the graph sketching of this function.

2.0 Methodology

In this study, intervention with GP was implemented in an Introduction to Calculus or
the first level calculus course for students enrolled in the computer science, applied
science, and Engineering undergraduate programmes. GP was introduced after the
students learned the topic of using derivatives in function analysis for the sketching of the
function graph. The students were enrolled to different groups by the faculty and were
taught by the lecturers who are also the authors of GP. Typical course delivery and
practices are carried out for the students in a control group where the students discuss
typical problems in a group of two to four persons for the tutorial session. GP is introduced
for the students in a treatment group where the students manipulate GP in a group of two
to four persons for the tutorial class. In both groups, the lecturers act as facilitator during
the tutorial sessions and provide timely feedback whenever needed.

3.0 Results and discussion

A quasi-experimental design with pre-test-post-test, control and treatment groups was
used in this study. The respondents involved were 84 students taking Calculus 1 course
from three faculties i.e. Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of
Applied Sciences, and Faculty of Civil Engineering. Randomly selected students were
categorized into two groups i.e. control (38 students) and treatment (46 students). In this
study, students under the treatment group received the GP intervention during tutorial
session, in which GP is used as a manipulative in the topic of function analysis and graph
sketching using derivatives in a group of 2 to 4, while the control group had their tutorial
session by discussing typical problems, without GP. Pre-test was given to both control
and treatment groups before the implementation of GP for the treatment group. Students
were required to answer two parts of questions i.e. questions on polynomial and questions
on rational functions. The post-test was administered four weeks after GP was introduced.
Questions for the post-test are the same as in pre-test, with the sequence shuffled.
Therefore, the level of difficulties remains the same in order to ensure the reliability and
validity of the self-developed pre- and post-test as well as the rubric.

4.0 Conclusion

Comparison between the performances for pre- and post-tests of both experimental
and control groups were made subjected to one-way ANCOVA. Analysis results reveal a
significant difference between pre and post-test score in solving polynomial functions,
while for rational function questions, both groups have shown similar ability which resulted
in insignificant effect. From this standpoint, it is shown that GP has the potential to serve
as a solution to the difficulties faced on graph sketching in calculus, particularly when
dealing with polynomial functions.

10

ID002

Secondary Metabolites from Morinda elliptica Leaves and Root Extracts and their
Antioxidant Activities

Wakawa Henry Yusufu1, Fasihuddin bin Badruddin Ahmad2, Zaini bin Assim2,
Khong Heng Yen3*

1Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Science Modibbo Adama University of
Technology Yola, Jimeta Adamawa State Nigeria.

2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Resources Science and Technology,
Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, Malaysia

3Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Sarawak,
Sarawak, Malaysia.

*Corresponding author: [email protected]

Keywords: Morinda elliptica, second metabolites, root bark extract. leaves extract,
antioxidant activity

1.0 Introduction

The plant Morinda elliptica, locally called “Mengkudu kecil” in Malay, is used for
medicinal purposes by the people in Malaysia. The secondary metabolites in M. elliptica
is scarcely investigated. Hence, this study aimed to isolate bioactive compounds from the
M. elliptica extracts and evaluate their antioxidant activity.

2.0 Methodology

The air-dried root bark was pulverized to powder and the leaves were grinded to
powdered form after drying at room temperature. These dried powdered samples were
subjected to serial extraction using four different solvents in the order of increasing polarity
to yield hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts. The isolation and
purification of dichloromethane fraction of the root bark extract and leaves extract used
different chromatographic methods, including column chromatography and radial
chromatography (Chromatotron), which led to a total of five metabolites. The structures
were elucidated using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Fourier Transform Infrared
Spectroscopy and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis. The pure
compounds isolated from the root bark extract include benzaldehyde (1), 2-hydroxy-1-
methoxyanthracene-9,10-quinone (2), dehydroabietic acid (3) and 3-(4-ethoxy-3-methoxy
phenyl)-1-phenylprop-2-en-1-one (4) while methyl cinnamate (5) was successfully
isolated from the leaves extract. Compound (1), (2), (3) and (4) were being reported
the first time from the root bark extract of M. elliptica. Leaves and root extracts of M.
elliptica were screened for free radical scavenging activities, using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-
hydrazil (DPPH) with ascorbic acid as the standard reference.

11

3.0 Results and discussion

The DPPH assay revealed dichloromethane and methanol fractions of the leaves
extract demonstrated strong activities with IC50 values of 35.60 μg/mL and 86.00
μg/mL, respectively which was comparable with ascorbic acid (IC50 value of 64.93 μg/mL).
The hexane and ethyl acetate extracts exhibited weak antioxidant activities. For the plant
root, dichloromethane and methanol fractions showed antioxidant activities which was
observed to be strong with IC50 values of 52.08 μg/ml and 42.70 μg/mL, respectively,
compared to that of ascorbic acid (IC50 value of 66.47 μg/mL). Hexane and ethyl acetate
fractions showed weak antioxidant activities.

4.0 Conclusion

The results of study indicate that dichloromethane and methanol fractions of
M. elliptica exhibited strong antioxidant properties. This study showed that M. elliptica has
a beneficial effect considering the virtue of its antioxidant properties. These isolated
compounds (1)-(4) were reported for the first time in the root bark extract of M. elliptica
and contributed to the chemotaxonomic importance of M. elliptica. Dehydroabietic acid (3)
which is claimed to be a key to active compounds in treating acute stroke, epilepsy,
asthma, hypertension, gastric hypermotility, and psychoses, has further added to the
medicinal value of M. elliptica. It is suggested to validate its efficacy in this plant. Research
should be encouraged to explore the vast potential of this plant

ID020

A Case Study on Effectiveness of Peer Tutoring Programme on Students’
Academic Performance for Engineering Course

Fei Ha Chiew1*, Clotilda Petrus2, Siti Zaidah Othman3, Joe Davylyn Nyuin4,
Ung Hua Lau5

1,2,3,4Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sarawak Branch,
Sarawak, Malaysia

5Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
Sarawak Branch, Sarawak, Malaysia

*Corresponding author: [email protected]

Keywords: Intervention; Peer tutoring; Higher education; Fundamental Engineering
courses; Academic performance

1.0 Introduction

Basic Solid Mechanics is one of the courses with high failure rates taught in the Faculty
of Civil Engineering at Universiti Teknologi MARA Sarawak Campus. Failure rates of the
course range from 20% to 50% from the academic semester June-October 2015 to
academic semester March-June 2019. Past studies showed that one of the most common
and effective interventions in universities and higher institutions that involve students
helping other students to ensure the success of students is peer tutoring. Peer tutoring is

12

an economically and educationally effective intervention for students with weaker
academic achievements. A tutor is a senior student in the same faculty who has passed
the course with a good grade and is trained in tutoring strategies. In a peer tutoring
programme, a tutor supports and directs the learning processes through active
questioning and explaining during tutoring class, while the tutee is a junior student
receiving help and guidance from the tutor. Therefore, in the Faculty of Civil Engineering
at Universiti Teknologi MARA Sarawak Campus, peer tutoring has been adopted as an
intervention programme, especially for courses with failure rates greater than 20%.
However, the effectiveness of such programmes has never been studied. This study
investigated the effectiveness of a peer tutoring programme that was implemented for
Basic Solid Mechanics course, as an intervention programme to improve students’
performance in the course. Peer tutoring is used in this study because this method is
suitable to be implemented to improve the students’ understanding in a particular course.

2.0 Methodology

This study employed quasi-experimental design. Students who were currently
registered under the course were invited to participate in the programme on voluntary
basis. From a total of 46 students who have registered for the course, 36 students
expressed their willingness to participate in the peer tutoring programme. Therefore, all
36 students were accepted to participate in the programme and were taken as the
experimental group. The remaining 10 students who declined the invitation were taken as
the control group in this study. Thus, there were unequal sample sizes for the two groups,
and was considered as the limitation of this study. Both experimental and control groups
shared the same two instructors in their normal lecture and tutorial classes.

3.0 Results and discussion

Before the programme, the instructors had identified the common students’
weaknesses and selected topics to be covered during the intervention programme. A set
of solid mechanics problems was prepared by the instructors. There were two specific
chapters being covered in this intervention programme namely, from the topic of: (1) linear
stresses and strain systems; and (2) stresses, deflection, and the influence lines of
statically determinate beams. All participants (i.e., both experimental and control group)
were required to answer an entry test before the intervention programme. During the
intervention programme, the students in the experimental group were divided into small
groups with a maximum of 5 members. Each small group was tutored by a senior student,
which was chosen from a group of students who have passed the course with minimum
grade B. Each small experimental group commenced the learning activities by solving the
given solid mechanics problems, facilitated by their respective tutors. The learning
activities through this peer tutoring programme were carried out in an active and well-
guided learning process. Tutees were free to ask questions and answer the problems
given at their own pace. Additional facilitations were also provided by the instructors who
were overseeing the whole activities during the programme. After the programme, both
experimental and control groups were asked to answer an exit test. This exit test was
given to determine the improvement in the level of understanding and problems solving
skills on the two chosen topics. Participants of the experimental group were also asked to
fill in their feedback about the programme in a simple online survey after the programme.

13

4.0 Conclusion

Comparison between the performances for entry and exit tests of both experimental
and control groups were made. Analyses showed an increase in the percentage of
students that passed the exit test from the experimental group. The average marks for the
experimental group in the exit test had also increased, compared to their marks in the
entry test. A Mann-Whitney U test conducted had indicated a significant difference
between the gain scores of the experimental group and control group. A further meta-
analysis revealed a large effect size, signaling the practical significance of the results. The
responses from the respondents of the online survey generally reflected that the
respondents were happy and satisfied with the programme. The findings from this study
demonstrated the effectiveness of the peer tutoring intervention programme on the
students’ performances of the course. Future study can be planned for a pure
experimental design, to achieve a more desirable balance in the sample sizes for the
experimental group and control group.

ID043

Status of Sarawak Fisheries: Challenges and Way Forward

Wen Chiat Lee1, K. Kuperan Viswanathan2, Thalany Kamri1 and Siew King Ting1

1Faculty of Business Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sarawak Branch,
Sarawak, Malaysia

2Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia,
Kedah, Malaysia

*Corresponding author: [email protected]

Keywords: Sustainable fisheries development; Aquaculture; Fishermen Associations
Sarawak; COVID-19

1.0 Introduction

Sarawak is an important fishing state with a long coastline within the Federation of
Malaysia. The state is very strategic as it is in the Island of Borneo with a long border with
Indonesia. The Exclusive Economic Zone in Malaysia is about 160,000 km2 (Department
of Marine Fisheries Sarawak, 2018). The Department of Fisheries Malaysia found out that
there are significant opportunities for Sarawak to explore the deep-water fisheries,
especially small pelagics. However, at current, the harvest of demersal fish is at the
optimum level. Sarawak is accounted for about 10.6 percent of total fishers in Malaysia.
Of these 13,537 fishers in Sarawak, 11,255 are local fishers and 2,282 are foreign fishers.
The foreign fishers consist of 1,410 Indonesian fishers, 461 Thai fishers and 411 other
foreign fishers. The biomass in Sarawak waters is 1,273,081 metric tonnes and the
potential yield of fish is at 582,809 metric tonnes per year. In this paper, the key issues
relate to Sarawak fisheries such as illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing, and
the effect of Coronavirus (COVID-19) and also, the importance of fisher associations to
combat poverty among fishers. The ways to overcome these issues and to move forward
the development of fisheries of Sarawak are also highlighted here.

14

2.0 Findings and discussion

Sarawak rivers and waters are rich with fisheries resources, thus attracting illegal
fishers. The number of illegal foreign fishing vessels in Sarawak waters has increased
significantly from 2 vessels in year 2014 to 57 vessels in year 2018 (Malaysian Maritime
Enforcement Agency, 2018a, 2018b). The coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) breakout in
March 2020 in Malaysia has caused fear among the general public. The announcement
of lockdown (movement control order) from 18th March 2020 onwards by the Malaysian
government has caused disruption of supply chains. The public, including the fishers are
restricted from travelling far due to movement control order announced by the Sarawak
government. Many fishers face difficulties in selling their catch, because the fishers
cannot sell them at the fish market. This resulted in a fall in the income and welfare of the
fishers.

The Fishermen Associations in Sarawak are heavily dependent on the government for
support and financial resources. Fisher Associations of Sarawak have received grants
such as processing facilities grant and Education Assistance Fund from the Fisheries
Development Authority, an agency under Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-based Industry.
For example, the Fisher Association received RM30,000 grant to upgrade the ‘belacan’
processing facilities in Buntal and another RM6,070 for Education Assistance Funding for
the Buntal Fishers’ Children in year 2020 (Dawum, 2019).

Three suggestions are given to improve the fisheries sector in Sarawak. The first
suggestion is the transformation from marine capture fisheries to aquaculture fisheries.
The state government can provide incentives to train aquaculture farmers and allocate
funding to Department of Fisheries, to conduct short courses and equip the fishers with
skills to perform aquaculture activities. Aquaculture is an alternative solution to marine
capture fisheries as a result of the depletion of fisheries resources from the seas and the
encroachment of illegal fishing vessels.

The second suggestion is to enhance and develop functional fishers’ associations in
Sarawak. Functional Fisher Associations are important as they aid the small scale and
unorganized fishers to become organized and solve the marketing and technological
problems, as well as to process their catch into fisheries products such as fish sauce and
fish crackers, in which will increase the fishers’ income. Universities and community
service officers from agricultural education departments, researchers and fisheries
scientists can communicate with the fishers to understand the fishers’ problems at the
ground level and offer solutions to the fishers’ problems.

3.0 Conclusion

To develop Sarawak’s fisheries, many agencies and organisations need to play their
roles. The universities can assist the Sarawak Fisheries Development Authority to help
the fishers improve themselves by developing the functions of Fisher Associations and
educating the fishers with skills and latest technology to increase productivity. Moreover,
the fishers must also be appreciated by the people of Sarawak by recognizing their
contribution to food production and food security of Sarawak. With all the efforts, Sarawak
fisheries sector can be developed further in a sustainable way.

15

ID047

Assessing Psychomotor Domain in Civil Engineering Design Project
During Pandemic

Fei Ha Chiew1*, Beatrice Christianus Bidaun1, Rudy Tawie Joseph Sipi1

1Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sarawak Branch,
Sarawak, Malaysia

*Corresponding author: [email protected]

Keywords: Assessment; Psychomotor domain; Practical skills; Challenges; Pandemic

1.0 Introduction

Due to the sudden COVID-19 outbreak in Malaysia, all higher education institutions in
Malaysia were forced to transform their initial face-to-face (F2F) teaching and learning to
open and distance learning (ODL) since March 2020. All assessments, including
psychomotor domain assessments were conducted using online platforms. Past studies
often question the effectiveness in assessing psychomotor skills in ODL. The objective of
the paper is to study the effectiveness of learning psychomotor skills online in Civil
Engineering Design Project during pandemic. This paper discusses the challenges faced
in assessing psychomotor domain in Civil Engineering Design Project, during the
pandemic and the immediate actions that were taken during the semester to ensure that
all learning outcomes are achieved. It is important to ensure that all teaching activities and
assessments conducted via online mode, satisfy the requirements of both Malaysian
Qualification Framework (MQF) and Engineering Technology Accreditation Council
(ETAC).

In Civil Engineering Design Project, students are given a project of a two-story
reinforced concrete building. Students were given a set of architectural drawings of a two-
story reinforced concrete building and were taught to use Engineering software to conduct
structural analysis and design for structural elements of the building. The students’
practical skills require them to use Engineering software to perform structural analysis and
design for structural elements of their reinforced concrete buildings, and to draw structural
detailing for the structural elements, by using drawing software which are associated with
psychomotor domain.

Few challenges were faced in the delivery and assessment of psychomotor domain of
the course: (i) accessibility of Engineering software, (ii) internet connectivity and students’
accessibility and (iii) lack of F2F learning interactions. Both lecturers and students of the
course were not able to access the initial licensed Engineering software (i.e., ESTEEM)
from outside campus. They had to apply for free educational licenses of new structural
Engineering software (i.e., PROKON). The lecturers had to learn to use the PROKON
structural element design modules in a short period of time before they can teach the
students. Apart from that, many students in rural areas were facing poor internet
connectivity problem. Therefore, online meetings were recorded and uploaded in Google
Classroom. This way, students who were not able to join the online class can download
and watch the demonstration video later. Some students who came from traditional
instructor-centered educational background were not used to the lack of F2F interactions

16

in ODL. They could easily lose their motivation when they were not able to communicate
with their lecturers and classmates. Thus, the lecturers tried to monitor the students’
progress and motivate them from time to time.

2.0 Methodology

As the initial Engineering software was not accessible, new evaluation rubrics need to
be created to suit the new Engineering software. The evaluation rubrics for assessing
psychomotor domain in Civil Engineering Design Project were based on the Simpson’s
psychomotor domain taxonomy. The students are required to achieve level P4 (i.e.,
mechanism) for CO1, i.e., to be able to construct Civil Engineering design projects in
accordance with relevant codes of practice, and level P5 (i.e., complex overt response)
for CO2, i.e., to be able to utilize appropriate techniques in Civil Engineering design project
within the scope and limitations. Two evaluation rubrics were developed, i.e., one rubric
for one course outcome. These two rubrics were revised to suit the PROKON Engineering
software that was used during the pandemic. In designing the new evaluation rubrics, the
activities for each CO with the related practical skills were identified. The practical skills
were then mapped to the psychomotor domain. The marks obtained for each student in
performing all the activities in each rubric were then totaled up and converted to marks
upon 100% in order to get student’s attainment of the respective CO and PO of the course.
For this course, students’ attainment of CO1 is also their attainment of PO4, because the
assessment assigned for both CO1 and PO4 is the same. Similarly, the students’
attainment of CO2 is like their attainment of PO5.

3.0 Results and discussion

The students’ attainment in psychomotor skills is assessed by the students’ grades for
a particular CO or PO, whether they have achieved the key performance indicator (KPI)
set by the Faculty of Civil Engineering UiTM (i.e., 50%). For the attainment of CO1, 87.5%
of the total students were able to achieve the KPI, with 31.2% of the total students
managed to get 80% and above (i.e., grade A and A+). For the attainment of CO2, 90.63%
of the total students were able to achieve the KPI, where 21.88% of students scored 80%
and above (i.e., grade A and A+). These results have reflected that most students were
able to learn the relevant practical skills required in the course via ODL. Even though the
performances of the current semester students in terms of CO1 and CO2 attainments are
not as good as the previous semester (F2F classes), learning psychomotor skills using
software can be done via ODL with regular online meetings, recordings of meetings,
demonstration video and online materials.

In order to get feedbacks from the students on their experiences of learning
psychomotor skills online, a short online questionnaire was distributed at the end of the
semester. From the responses of the students, it is found that some students are not
confident in their abilities to identify and key-in loadings, conduct structural analysis and
identify critical forces during practical test. These few skills are related to their
understanding on the calculation of loadings and the effects of the loadings to the
structure. Therefore, more efforts should be implemented to reinforce the students’
understanding of these topics and learning of practical skills in these parts of the project.
Apart from that, more examples on software use should be demonstrated and explained
during online meetings in order to enhance the students’ understanding of the software
interface.

17

4.0 Conclusion

If learning a software in the course is to be conducted as ODL in the future, the
lecturers must bear in mind that the students from rural areas have limited internet
coverage. Both lecturers and students need to adapt to the new mode of communication
using technology and online digital platforms, and equip themselves with adequate
devices, in order to ensure that the teaching and learning process can be delivered and
the semester can continue smoothly. Future work to test the new evaluation rubrics of the
course is recommended. Apart from that, the lecturers will need to continuously learn and
improve their online teaching methods for better communications and delivery

and improve the effectiveness of online assessment in future semesters.

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ID051

In-Vitro Study of Antioxidant Activity and Anticancer Properties
of Clinacanthus nutans Extracts

Joyce Phung Hui Yie1, Isabel Fong Lim1*, Ban Weng Kit1, Khong Heng Yen2

1Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences,
Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, Malaysia

2Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Sarawak,
Sarawak, Malaysia

*Corresponding author: [email protected]

Keywords: Clinacanthus nutans; colorectal cancer; anticancer; antioxidants; phenolic;
flavonoid

1.0 Introduction

Clinacanthus nutans (CN) from the Acanthaceae family, also known as Sabah Snake
Grass in English and ‘Belalai Gajah’ in Malay, is a medicinal plant widely used in Thailand
and Malaysia. CN is commonly used as treatment of inflammation, cancer, and Herpes
virus infections. Moreover, an increasing body of evidence showed that raised level of
intracellular free radicals such as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) was
closely related to tumorigenesis and triggered initiation and progression of cancer
(Wiseman and Halliwell 1996; Kamiya 2003; Shi et al. 2012). Hence, it is important in
bioprospecting traditional herbs as an alternative cancer treatment because many
molecular targeted drugs had been reported to cause side effects. Although there are
several researchers who studied on the antioxidant and anticancer properties of CN on
various types of cancers, there are only a few studies on the comparison of different
polarity solvents and duration to effectively extract CN. Furthermore, the reports on the
suppression of CN extracts on colorectal cancer cell lines with dose- and time-dependent
manner are very limited.

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2.0 Methodology

This study was aimed to determine the antioxidant activity and to compare between
the different polarities of solvents and duration of extraction on CN leaves. This study was
also hoped to assess the anticancer properties of CN leaves extracts with dose- and time-
dependent manner on human colorectal cancer cell lines, HCT116, and HT29.

In this study, dried CN leaves were ground and extracted in solvents of different
polarities; methanol, chloroform, and acetone at two durations (30 minutes and 24 hours).
These different extracts were assessed for total phenolic content, flavonoid content, and
antioxidant activity. The total phenolic content was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu
colorimetric assay as described by Baba and Malik (2015) with slight modification and
gallic acid was used as standard. The total flavonoid content was measured using the
aluminium chloride colorimetric method, adapted from Chan et al. (2012) with minor
modification and quercetin used as the standard. The antioxidant activity was evaluated
by free radical scavenging activity and measured by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-pricrylhydrazyl
(DPPH) as described by Herald, Gadgil and Tilley (2012) with moderate modification. In
this method, antioxidant activity was described by scavenging ability (%):

% = [(A0 – As) / A0] x 100 %

Human colorectal cancer cell lines, HCT116, and HT29 and human nasopharyngeal
epithelial cell line, NP69 were cultured to be used in CN extracts anticancer study. The
antiproliferation study of CN extracts was determined by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-
yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) tetrazolium reduction assay as suggested by Sheikh
et al. (2017) with a slight modification. CN methanol extracts (30 minutes and 24 hours)
(7.8 g/mL - 250 g/mL) and cisplatin (0.9 g/mL - 30 g/mL) were used as drug treatment
in this assay, whereas untreated cells with media only or media with 0.1% DMSO were
used as control. The cell viability was calculated according to the formula below:

Cell viability (%) = (As / Ac) x 100 %

3.0 Results and discussion

The extract with the highest total phenolic content was acetone extract at 4.3 mg/g
(gallic acid equivalents per dry weight of CN extracts). The highest total flavonoid content
was the methanol extract CN at 0.48 mg/g (quercetin dihydrate equivalents per dry weight
of CN extracts). The IC50 of methanol extract was 19 g/mL and exhibited the most
efficacious antioxidant properties among the others. Besides that, CN methanol extracts
(30 minutes and 24 hours) resulted IC50 at 74.01 g/mL and 75.35 g/mL respectively
after 72 hours of treatment on HCT116.

4.0 Conclusion

The antioxidant potential results showed methanol extract CN as a promising
candidate to assess for its anticancer properties including antiproliferation, cell cycle
arrest, and apoptosis assays. Subsequently, this assay against these cancer cell lines,
HCT116 and HT29 will be conducted on the methanol extract. The anticancer results will
be presented and discussed with the final paper.

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ID052

Assessment of Hand Hygiene Practices among UNIMAS Medical and Nursing
Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Are Your Hands Clean?

Nur Aqilah Anis Julaihi1, Azmira Abdullah1, Javer Jimbau1, Sofia Mohammad Adib
Abdullah1, Stephanie Isabelle Ating1, Isabel Fong Lim2

1Third Year, Medical Programme, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti
Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, Malaysia

1Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences,
Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, Malaysia

*Corresponding author: [email protected]

Keywords: COVID-19, hand hygiene, practice, medical, nursing

1.0 Introduction

Since the emergence of COVID-19 pandemic till July 2020, Sarawak had recorded a
higher mortality rate of COVID-19 than that of national mortality rate in Malaysia. The
World Health Organization (WHO) coined the 3Ws; wear mask, wash hands and watch
distance, as effective strategies to prevent, control and break the chain of COVID-19
spread. Several studies on hand hygiene had revealed partial compliance among students
all over the world. This research aimed to assess hand hygiene practices and skills of
medical and nursing students in UNIMAS.

2.0 Methodology

This study is a universal convenient sampling, quantitative study to assess the hand
hygiene skills and practices among preclinical and clinical phases medical and nursing
students of UNIMAS during this COVID-19 pandemic. The data were collected online via
social media due to the Movement Control Order. Each consented participant completed
a questionnaire that encompassed hand hygiene practices (23 questions), and skills
(7 questions).

3.0 Results and discussion

A total of 210 students participated in this study with females making up 89.2% and
medical students attributed to 55.7% of the total participants, respectively. During this
pandemic, 92% of the participants stayed with their families and 49.5% of the participants
were classified as low socioeconomic status (SES). The study showed 24.8% of
participants only washed their hand occasionally before entering the restroom while
72.4% of participant always washed their hand after handshaking (direct contact). The
scores (median) of participants’ hand hygiene practices and skills were 87.0 and 100,
respectively. Nursing students were more compliant with hand hygiene and had better
knowledge than the medical students. The female respondents scored higher than their
male counterparts. This may be indicative of their inclination towards identifying and

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tendency of avoiding risky behaviours. Additionally, the students living with friends had
higher hand hygiene compliance than those living with families or in the dormitory. Medical
and nursing students of UNIMAS were skillful with good hand hygiene, in particular the
female participants.

4.0 Conclusion

Future research should assess hand hygiene adherence using observational
measurement with a bigger sample population in a healthcare setting as well as the
general population once face-to-face observation is permitted.

ID053

Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Different Solvent Extracts of
Clinacanthus nutans

Ban Weng Kit1, Isabel Fong Lim1*, Joyce Phung Hui Yie1, Muhammad Mirza Ariffin2,
Khong Heng Yen2

1Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences,
Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, Malaysia.

2Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sarawak Branch,
Sarawak, Malaysia

*Corresponding author: [email protected]

Keywords: Clinacanthus nutans, antioxidant, antimicrobial, Gram positive, Gram negative

1.0 Introduction

Clinacantus nutans (CN) or being well known as Sabah Snake Grass has been widely
used as anecdotal medicine in South East Asia regions due to its anticancer and
antioxidant properties. However, it was not scientifically documented as an official
medicine registered under FDA. Besides, it is also reported efficacious in cure oxidative
stress-related disease and treating skin lesion caused by Herpes simplex virus and
varicella-zoster virus. There are not many studies reported on its antibacterial properties.
There are studies reported there is no sign of antibacterial properties on E. coli, S. typhi
and S. aureus with methanol extract only. However, there are multiple studies done on
the antioxidant properties of C. nutans and it showed that the antioxidant activities with
different extraction solvents might affect the other properties, including the antibacterial
properties. Therefore, in order to determine the antibacterial properties of C. nutans,
extraction with different solvent should be included. This study aimed to determine the
antibacterial properties of the CN extracted with organic solvents of different polarity.

2.0 Methodology

The dried powdered leaves of CN were extracted using different polarity solvents
including ethanol, water, acetone, and chloroform. The dried powder leaves were soaked
in the respective solvents for 24 hours for the extraction. The extracts were assessed

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