using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay with ascorbic acid as standard, Total
Phenolic Content (TPC) with Folin-Ciocalteu Reagent assay, and Total Flavonoid Content
(TFC) with the aluminum calorimetric method. Disk diffusion assay was used to determine
the antibacterial properties of the extracts along with positive control, Levofloxacin 5mg.
Gram positive and Gram negative pathogens, namely Streptococcus pyogenes, Strep.
pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin-Resistant Staph. aureus, Escherichia
coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilus influenzae, Shigella sp., Salmonella
typhimurium, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, in which these were exposed to different
concentrations of CN extracts. The results were recorded after an incubation period of 24
hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours.
3.0 Results and discussion
Among these, methanol extract showed the highest antioxidant activity of 28.95%
Ascorbic Acid Equivalent Antioxidant Activity (AAEAC), followed by acetone (25.0%),
ethanol (17.74%), and chloroform (11.96%) extracts, respectively. Acetone extract shown
the highest concentration for TPC of 4.335mg/g (gallic acid equivalents per dry weight of
CN extract), followed by the chloroform (2.934mg/g), methanol (2.040mg/g) and ethanol
(0.258mg/g) extracts, respectively. For TFC, the methanol extract has shown the highest
concentration of 0.476 mg/g (quercetin dihydrate equivalents per dry weight of CN
extract), followed by the ethanol (0.472mg/g), acetone (0.190mg/g) and chloroform
(0.080mg/g) extracts, respectively. In the disk diffusion assay, ethanol extract showed a
significant zone of inhibition on Haemophilus influezae with 30-38mm in diameter, while
the indistinguishable zone of inhibition was shown with methanol, acetone, and chloroform
extracts. The same situation was shown in Pseudo. aeruginosa where the
indistinguishable zone of inhibition was present in ethanol, methanol, acetone, and
chloroform extract.
4.0 Conclusion
CN extracts showed differential efficacies as the potential antimicrobial agents. The
isolation, purification, and structure elucidation processes would be performed to identify
the chemical constituents in CN. The findings will verify the chemical constituents that
respond to the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, as well as to confirm the claims of
old folk on the ethnobotany uses of this plant.
22
ID054
Antimicrobial Stewardship: Awareness and Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant
Staphylococcus aureus in A Rural Community of Kota Samarahan
Lim Zi Yun1, Imelda Bintang ak Ali1, Noor Syamimi binti Mortadza1,
Mohd. Afif Izzuddin bin Tony1, Helmy bin Hazmi2, Isabel Fong Lim3*
1Year 2, Medical Programme, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences,
Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, Malaysia
2 Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health
Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, Malaysia
3Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences,
Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, awareness, prevalence,
antibiotic sensitivity profile
1.0 Introduction
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection is a major global health
concerns as it is associated with prolonged infection and stubborn healing process that
may lead to death. There are limited epidemiological studies on MRSA prevalence in
Malaysia, specifically in a rural community.
This research aims to assess the prevalence of MRSA in Kampung Mang Tradisi, Kota
Samarahan, to determine the awareness of MRSA and its risk factors, and to impart the
knowledge to the rural community as a strategy to educate the community on the
importance of proper antibiotic treatment and emergence of MRSA.
2.0 Methodology
This research comprised of two parts: questionnaire and laboratory based. The
questionnaire consisted of the factors, including socio-demographic profiles, environment,
housing, medical history, and practice of antibiotic usage among rural community, which
was conducted through informal interview. Nasal swabs obtained from consented
participants were cultured, isolated, identified and assessed for antimicrobial resistant
properties.
3.0 Results and discussion
For laboratory-based assessment, a total of 187 nasal swabs were obtained from the
consented respondents and cultured on various selective culture media and biochemical
tests to confirm the prevalence of MRSA and its antibiotic sensitivity profile. In this cross-
sectional sampling of a near homogenous rural community, 22.5% of the respondents
were found to be MRSA-positive. The percentage of MRSA carriers exhibiting
intermediate and resistant profiles towards penicillin G, oxacillin, erythromycin,
23
vancomycin, cefoxitin and gentamycin were 90.5%, 66.7%, 64.3%, 61.9%, 21.4% and
16.7% respectively.
4.0 Conclusion
The research found several underlying conditions that may contribute to the
prevalence of MRSA in this rural community. This study revealed an underlying
prevalence of community-acquired MRSA among this rural community. Through this and
subsequent studies along with continual public awareness outreach, the community may
acquire better knowledge of, and able to make informed decisions and take preventive
measures against MRSA infection.
ID067
Trends in Enrolment of Diploma in Engineering Students at UiTMCS Before and
After the Spread of COVID-19 Pandemic
Rudy Tawie1*, Nurul Najihah1, Maureen Neging1, Chiew Fei Ha1
1Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA Sarawak Branch,
94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: COVID-19, student enrolment, higher education
1.0 Introduction
Malaysia is currently facing a shortage of engineers, technologists and technicians as
the country moves towards a developed nation status. If nothing is done to increase the
science, technology, Engineering and mathematic (STEM) workforce, Malaysia may find
it difficult to compete with other nations in the global market. Coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19) has become pandemic worldwide in more than 200 countries, and greatly
impacted human health, economic, environment and society. During the Movement
Control Order (MCO) and conditional MCO (partial lockdown), all schools and academic
institutions were closed, and college and university students were not allowed to return to
hostels and campuses. During COVID-19 period, potential students may reconsider to
enter Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). Their family and themselves could be worried
about health and safety issues if physical classes resume. Currently, there is no published
work on the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the student enrolment in HEIs in Malaysia.
The objective of this initial study is to investigate the trends in the enrolment of Engineering
students at the Universiti Teknologi MARA Sarawak Branch (UiTMCS) before and after
the spread of the pandemic.
2.0 Methodology
Secondary data extracted from the Integrated Student Information System (ISIS) at
UiTMCS from 2017 to 2020 was used.
24
3.0 Results and discussion
The data shows that there is a sharp contrast in student enrolment between Faculty
of Civil Engineering (EC) and other two Engineering faculties: Faculty of Electrical
Engineering (EE) and Faculty of Chemical Engineering (EH). In 2017, 61% of Engineering
students were from EC but only 18% and 21% were from EE and EH, respectively. On
the other hand, EH has higher percentage of student enrolment than EE from 2017 to
2020. In year 2020, EH has 12% new students more than EE. However, both EE and EH
in year 2020 show a significant decrease in student enrolment compared to 2019, where
EE and EH enrolments drop by 50% and 10%, respectively. Only EC shows an increase
of 1% in student enrolment for year 2020 compared to 2019. Significantly, the combined
total enrolment of Engineering students at UiTMCS drops from 200 to 171 or 15%
decrease, after the spread of COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020. The average students-
to-teaching staff ratio for EC, EE and EH for the past 3 years is 17, 10 and 14, respectively.
Given the lower ratios of students to faculty for EE and EH compared to EC, there are still
room for EE and EH to increase their student enrolment in the next intake in 2021 by
another 40% and 18%, respectively, at least to be on par with EC. Ideally, the teaching
staff would have more time to do research and other activities with lower ratios of students
to faculty. In March 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, UiTMCS had to cancel expos
called, ‘Ekspo Selangkah Ke UiTM (ESKU)’, to be organized in major cities in Sarawak.
The expos, aim to promote academic programmes offered at UiTM Sarawak Campuses,
would normally attract thousands of visitors. Students and their parents would use the
opportunity to visit UiTMCS campuses, namely, Samarahan, Samarahan 2 and Mukah,
to find out more information about entry requirements, suitability of programmes, tuition
fees and to have a look at the facilities that are available there. During past expos,
potential STEM students among SPM and STPM school leavers were signed up and given
conditional admission letters, which boosted student enrolment for STEM programmes at
UiTMCS campuses. This initial study investigates the trends in enrolment of Engineering
students at UiTMCS before and after the spread of the pandemic.
4.0 Conclusion
There is concern that the number of enrolled students from Sarawak for Engineering
programmes at UiTMCS might drop again in the next intake if COVID-19 pandemic
continues and no promotional activities such as ESKUs are carried out locally. The results
have shed some insight on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the enrolment of
Engineering students at UiTMCS.
25
ID093
Biological Assessments of Musa paradisiaca cv. Sekaki Florets from Borneo
Muhammad Mirza Ariffin1, Khong Heng Yen*1, Nyotia Nyokat1, Liew Gee Moi1,
Ahmad Sazali Hamzah2, Korawinwich Boonpisuttinant3
1Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Sarawak,
Sarawak, Malaysia
2Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam,
Selangor, Malaysia.
3Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Thai Traditional Medicine College,
Thailand
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Musa, florets, phenolic content, flavonoids content, antioxidant, cytotoxicity
1.0 Introduction
Several studies have been undertaken in exploring the potential of the banana
by-products particularly the florets, to serve as the source of beneficial compounds and
phytochemicals. The florets, generated from the banana cultivation, have long been
considered as unimportant and improperly utilized thus far. Despite being used in
ethnomedicine for several ailments, the lack of exposure and knowledge limit the
application of the florets to be used, only as organic fertilisers in the plantations. This study
assessed the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidant activities and in addition,
with antimicrobial and cytotoxicity potentials of different solvent extracts of Musa
paradisiaca florets to uncover their unique potentials.
2.0 Methodology
The florets were cleaned, dried and grounded prior to preparing the hexane,
chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts. The total phenolics content was
spectrophotometrically measured through the Folin-Ciocalteu (F-C) colorimetric assay by
using gallic acid as the standard reference while the flavonoids contents were evaluated
by using quercetin dihydrate as the standard. The antioxidant potential was evaluated
using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. The
antimicrobial activity was assessed by exposing the Gram positive (Streptococcus
pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus) and the Gram negative (Pseudomonas
aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) bacteria to the extracts of varying concentrations and
the results were compared to the positive control (Streptomycin sulfate). Meanwhile, the
cytotoxicity of the extracts were determined in vitro via the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-
yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) tetrazolium reduction assay against the cancerous
human epithelial (HeLa) and human prostate (DU-145) cell lines as well as the normal
human dermal fibroblasts. The cytotoxicity of the extracts was then compared to the
positive controls comprising of the anticancer drugs cisplatin, doxorubicin hydrochloride
and 5-fluorouracil.
26
3.0 Results and Discussions
The ethyl acetate fraction recorded the highest phenolic content of 481.53 mg GA/g
extract and managed to scavenge the most 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals. There
was a positive linear correlation established between the phenolic contents of the extracts
and the antioxidant capacities. The highest total flavonoid contents were recorded in the
methanol extract (0.5294 mg QE/g extract) and followed by ethyl acetate, chloroform, and
hexane extracts, respectively. The extracts also demonstrated notable antimicrobial
activities against all the bacteria with minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal
concentrations ranging from 450 µg/mL to as low as 14.07 µg/mL. The IC50 of the ethyl
acetate fraction against the DU-145 cancerous cells were 37.94 µg/mL, which was
comparable to the commercial chemotherapeutic drugs, 5-fluorouracil (IC50= 32.50
µg/mL). Furthermore, at lower concentrations, all the fractions exhibited no cytotoxicity
towards the normal human dermal fibroblasts at both 24 and 48 hours. Conversely, all the
anticancer drugs at low concentrations in this study showed higher cytotoxicity towards
the normal cell line.
4.0 Conclusion
These results indicate that Musa paradisiaca florets can be developed into
pharmaceutical products with substantial potential to inhibit cellular damages caused by
free radicals. The study will be extended to isolate and identify all the bioactive
compounds from the ethyl acetate fraction.
ID004
The Effect of Unripe Saba Banana Composite Flour on Acceptance and
Physicochemical Characteristics of Biscuits
Shareenie Mariely Ayu1, Afham Aisyah Makthir1, Jahurul Haque Akanda1,
Hasmadi Mamat1, Mansoor Abdul Hamid1*
1Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS,
88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Biscuits, Unripe banana flour, Saba banana, Resistant starch, Dietary fiber
Biscuits are popular staple food due to the variety in taste, crispiness, and digestibility.
Conventional biscuits were rich in carbohydrates, fats, and calories but low in dietary fibre
(DF), minerals and vitamins. Unripe banana contains high in resistant starch (RS), which
is beneficial for colon health, reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes.
This study was conducted to determine the feasibility of substituted wheat flour (WF) with
unripe Saba banana flour (USBF) to produce biscuits for sensory acceptance and
physicochemical properties. A total of 9 formulations were developed by incorporated WF
with USBF (10 – 90%). Those formulations were tested for sensory acceptance, and the
best formulation proceeded for physicochemical analysis. Sample F5 (50% USBF and
27
50% WF) was chosen as the best formulation as compared to the control biscuit (100%
WF) for physicochemical characteristics. As compared to control, the results showed that
F5 biscuit had significant (p<0.05) increment in ash (5.72%), RS (6.17%) and DF (6.26%)
as well as significant (p<0.05) reduced in moisture (2.78%) and protein (5.41%). In terms
of texture, the hardness (883.33 g/mm2) of F5 biscuit was a significant (p<0.05) reduced.
Biscuits incorporated with 50% USBF showed significant (p<0.05) increases in RS, which
exhibit a good source of DF without diminishing their sensory acceptability.
ID010
Acceptance of Students’ Attendance System Application (QR Code): UiTM Here
Adib Sarkawi1, Aiza Johari1, Ketty Chachil1 and Muhammad Fikri Othman1
1Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
Sarawak Branch, Sarawak, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: QR Codes, Students’ Attendance, Absenteeism, Application and Educational
Institutions
The manual attendance taking and reporting of absence from classes are tedious
processes experienced by most lecturers in many learning institutions. These consume
time, use lots of papers and cause tedious filing procedures, and duplicated or loss of
data. Thus, a system application called UiTM Here application is developed to overcome
these problems and further simplify the process of taking students’ attendance and
absence reporting. This online system enables the users to use QR code to take
attendance and take note of the date and time of the students’ absenteeism, based on the
students’ ID. This application is user-friendly and can be installed in the lecturers’ and
students’ smart phones, where both parties are able to monitor the attendance to classes.
It can calculate the percentage of absence automatically and generate absence status
immediately for each student. These records are sent automatically to Students’
Academic Affair Department. The academic administrators and lecturers can view the
report of all absenteeism records daily. The system also enables the administrator to do
SMS blast to the absentees to warn them of their absence status. The development of
this application leads to the main objective of this study, which is to identify the students’
acceptance towards the application. The results can be used to improve the system for it
to perform effectively and efficiently. To achieve the objective, an adopted online survey
was distributed to 320 students (randomly shared). Generally, the respondents indicate
positive responses and few constructive recommendations are given for the developers
to improve the system. For the purpose of sharing, this application can be further
customized to cater the needs of other educational institutions.
28
ID017
Effect of Utilization of Nano POFA on the Performance of Self- Consolidating
High-Performance Concrete (SCHPC)
Nuradila Izzaty Halima, Aidan Newmanb, Muhd Norhasri Muhd Sidekc ,
Hamidah Mohd Samand, Nurul Huda Sulimane,
a,bStudent, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, MALAYSIA
.cInstitute of Infrastructure Engineering and Sustainable Management (IIESM),
UiTM Shah Alam, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor Malaysia
d,eLecturer, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, MALAYSIA.
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: NaPOFA (Nano Palm Oil Fuel Ash), Cement replacement, Workability,
Compressive Strength, SCHSC
Recently, the application on green concrete has become a popular topic among
researchers in many countries, including Malaysia. The innovative green concrete made
up of waste material as one of its constituents. Palm oil fuel ash (POFA) is an agricultural
waste produced from burning a palm oil husk and palm kernel shell in palm oil mill boiler.
Since POFA has no benefits, it is abundantly disposed to the landfill which gives a
negative impact on the environment and health. So, this research has introduced an
innovative green concrete by incorporating POFA into the concrete as cement
replacement to make it more sustainable and improve on its properties. However, this
research highlighted the strength and workability of concrete incorporated with Nano-
POFA (NaPOFA) through an experimental investigation with targeted strength of more
than 40 MPa. In this study, POFA is oven-dried for 24 hours and sieved passing through
212 μm sieving pan to obtain micro-sized POFA (MicPOFA). Then, the production of nano
sized POFA (NaPOFA) was achieved by grinding the MicPOFA with a high energy ball
milling machine along with a 10 mm size of zirconium ball for 48 hours. The POFA used
as a replacement for the concrete with a percentage of 1%, 3%, 5%, 7% and 10% to the
weight of the cement used. The workability of the concrete is determined by conducting a
flow table test while the concrete strength is determined by conducting a compressive
strength test. A compressive strength test would be conducted for days 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28
with a cube sample size of 50mm x 50mm x 50mm. All specimen results will be compared
to the control specimen (0% nano POFA). The research finding shows that the inclusions
of 1% NaPOFA as cement replacement in concrete improving on the compressive
strength and workability. Thus, concrete incorporated with NaPOFA is considered
environmental-friendly as cement replacement to produce a self-consolidating high-
performance concrete.
29
ID018
Enhancement of High Strength Concrete (HSC) Performance by Utilizing Nano
Wastepaper Sludge Ash (WPSA)
Aidan Newman1, Nuradila Izzaty Halim2, Muhd Norhasri Muhd Sidek3,
Hamidah Mohd Saman3, Anizahyati Alisibramulisi3
1Institute for Infrastructure Engineering and Sustainable Management,
Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, MALAYSIA
2Institute of Infrastructure Engineering and Sustainable Management (IIESM), UiTM
Shah Alam, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, MALAYSIA
3Lecturer of Civil Engineering, UiTM Shah Alam, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor,
MALAYSIA
* Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: High Strength Concrete, Nano Wastepaper Sludge Ash, Workability,
Compressive Strength
High Strength Concrete (HSC) is an amazing breakthrough in the history of construction
material. Due to its high strength, durability, and economical value, it has been used in
large scale construction with unique structure design, which conventional concrete is
unable to do. However, HSC uses a high amount of cement powder which contributes to
its overall strength. The downside of this is it will contribute to high cement production that
increases the carbon dioxide emission. Therefore, alternative to cement powder used in
HSC mix is needed to make it more sustainable and improve its properties. This is where
waste material like wastepaper sludge ash (WPSA) is utilized in cement. WPSA has been
proven by several studies to be beneficial in improving concrete properties. However, a
nano engineered WPSA might enhance its capabilities in performing better than its raw
form. Therefore, this research focusses on the physical and fresh properties of HSC with
partial replacement of nano engineered WPSA, to cement through experimental
investigation. In this research, the HSC produce is with targeted strength of more than
40MPa with a fixed water cement ratio of 0.2. Whereas the WPSA used is oven dried and
is sieved to the size of 212 micrometer. Then, it is milled until nano size particle is
obtained. The nano WPSA is used as replacement to cement in HSC mix with
replacement percentage of 1%, 3%, 5%, 7% and 10%. The fresh properties of the
concrete are measured by conducting flow table test and the physical properties are
determined by conducting compressive test. Compressive test will be conducted for day
1, 3, 7, 14 and 28 with cube sample size of 50mmx50mmx50mm. This research shows
that 1% of nano WPSA replacement, would tend to improve the compressive strength of
the HSC concrete by 10.7%, compared to control sample. On the other hand, the 1%
replacement of nano WPSA in HSC did not affect the workability of the concrete when
compared to control sample. This research hopes to improve conventional HSC properties
with less usage of cement by the use of waste material.
30
ID022
The Isolation of Picrocrocin from Saffron (Azza'faran)
Wan Nurin Nurjeha Wan Mohd Nazif, Wan Nurain Najihah Wan Tagiman, Syed Adnan
Ali Shah, Hannis Fadzillah Mohsin and Ibtisam Abdul Wahab
Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, Puncak Alam Campus,
42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: extract, Crocus, saffron, spectroscopy
This research is to highlight one of the Islamic traditional medicinal herbs called the saffron
or Azza'faran (Crocus sativus). Historically, this plant is used as food colouring and
flavoring agents. It is among the most expensive spice in the world. In this study, the
chemical and the biological properties of Crocus species were reviewed. From the
scientific literatures, the extract exhibited anti-viral, anti-Parkinson, anti-Alzheimer, anti-
depression and anti-hyper lipidemic activities. In the methodology, the samples consisting
of dried stigmas of Crocus sativus were extracted with methanol. Liquid chromatography
was utilized to differentiate the composition. In conclusion, picrocrocin could be
successfully detected from the spectroscopic analysis.
ID023
Depression, Anxiety and Stress with Possible Sources of Stressors among
Quantity Surveying Students in a Private University in Malaysia
Kean Thong, Ooi
Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysia
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Depression, Anxiety, Stress, Quantity Surveying, Private University
It is well known that Quantity Surveying (QS) profession is one of the most stressful jobs,
as the job scope for Quantity Surveyor becomes different over the years. Hence, students
who enroll in Quantity Surveying programme must learn more knowledge and skill to fulfill
the requirement of stakeholders in the industry. It is easy to understand that Quantity
Surveying students are subjected to different levels of stressors during various stages of
their study. They experience emotional disturbance in the form of depression, anxiety and
stress which may hinder the students’ academic performance, quality of life, and their
physical health. The purpose of this study is aimed to determine the prevalence and
severity of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms and, also to determine the possible
sources of stressors and their relationship with these symptoms, among the Quantity
Surveying students throughout the different stages of their study. A cross sectional study
31
was conducted among 343 students from Department of Surveying, a private university
in Malaysia. Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) was used to assess the
prevalence and severity of depression, anxiety, and stress. Sources that cause the
emotional disturbance of QS students were identified. The overall prevalence of
depression, anxiety, and stress were 28.4%, 68.7% and 35.9% respectively. Female
students have significantly higher level of emotional disturbance compared to male
students. Year one students experiencing significantly higher mean score of depression,
anxiety, and stress. Regarding the source of stressors, the top ten stressors decided by
the students were mainly academic performance and personal factors. Emotional
disturbances in the form of depression, anxiety and stress exist and are very common for
QS students. If no early awareness and prevention are carried out, the issue will become
more and more serious. Academic and personal factors can be considered as the sources
of stressors that may cause f depression, anxiety, and stress. Mentor/ Mentee
programmes and counseling session are essential for QS students to reduce such
pressure.
ID024
Post-COVID-19 Challenges: A Novel Approach to Promote Mental Health Using
Original Music and Pulse-Based Narration in Progressive Muscle Relaxation
Valerie Ross1*, Abid Amir2
1Faculty of Music, Universiti Teknologi MARA
2Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Post-COVID-19 Challenges Mental Health, Bespoke Music and Narration,
Progressive Muscle Relaxation
The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the global landscape of life leaving indelible
vicissitudes, wherever it strikes. Since the World Health Organization announced
COVID-19 as a pandemic on 11 March 2020, its Situation Report dated 10 August 2020
had confirmed that there have been over 19.7 million COVID-19cases, including more
than 720,000 deaths reported globally. Unsurprisingly its toll on mental health is
recognized as one of the major challenges affecting global communities. Repeated
national and regional lockdowns, job losses, isolation, marginalization, deteriorating
health conditions and a sense of uncertainty and helplessness among the wide facets of
societies have exerted unprecedented damage to economic, psychosocial, and societal
norms. Nationhood are torn between saving lives or salvaging the economy. Then, there
are communities who choose not to adhere to public health guidelines, likened to a moral
equivalent of ‘a tragedy of the commons’ by self-defeating behavior, which undermines
the pursuit of the greater good. Extraordinary deviant behaviours, include COVID parties
and mass gatherings, where attendees defy safety measures, refuse to wear masks, or
adhere to social distancing. Is the society facing a ‘new norm’ of impulsive self-destructive
anxiety disorders, associated with mental disorder that will impact Post-COVID-19
recovery attempts? This study responds to the growing mental health concerns and
32
supports mental health rehabilitation, by creating an innovative approach to promote
mental health with original music and narration, using Progressive Muscle Relaxation
techniques established by Dr Edmund Jacobson. An interdisciplinary practice-based
methodology was adopted, resulting in the creation of a novel conceptual framework
which was materialized. Instructional scripts premised on progressive muscle relaxation
were crafted in the English Language and Malay Language, thereby promoting inclusivity,
and reaching a wider community of users. This cultivated natural relaxation technique
induces deep relaxation by alternating tension and relaxation in all the body's major
muscle groups, thereby relaxing the mind and body to create a feeling of mental well-
being. Instructions were recorded as pulse-based narration with bespoke music. Positive
feedback was reported from an experiential session by twenty-nine healthcare workers to
gauge the clarity of the instructions and the effectiveness of the music and pulse-based
narration in promoting relaxation.
ID025
Green Campus Sustainability of Higher Learning Institutions in Malaysia
Wan Nor Hazimah Wan Azib1*, Muslim Ismail@Ahmad2, Rohazlyn Rosly3,
Zulkifli Mohamed4
1Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Kelantan
2Perpustakaan Tengku Anis, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Kelantan
3Akademi Pengajian Bahasa, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Kelantan
4Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Kelantan
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Green Campus, Sustainability, Malaysia, Systematic Literature Review
Green campus sustainability is currently an essential issue in most higher learning
institutions in Malaysia. This study aims in identifying themes in high impact journal on
green campus sustainability topic, extracting literature research themes in green campus
sustainability using systematic literature review (SLR) method and exploring current
literature of sub-themes of green campus sustainability for future research. The literature
was extracted from Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) ranged from 2016 to 2020 where
a total of 644 literature were extracted from Scopus, whereby only 31 resulted from WoS.
These searching techniques were applied in the exploration of the studies done on green
campus sustainability of higher learning institutions in Malaysia context. Findings show
that there were eight significant sub-themes listed under the main theme” Green Campus
Sustainability”. The main contribution of this paper is the informative value for other
researchers on the similar topic and subtopics on green campus sustainability. The
findings of this paper are also beneficial for administrators to reach literature in a shorter
time directed to the selected and related journal with various ranking of quartiles. With the
guidance from this study, the decision makers can further proceed with sustainability
projects guided by good quality research done for improving sustainability of higher
learning institutions in Malaysia.
33
ID026
Asymmetric Synthesis of (1S, 2S)-hydroxy cyclohexene-1,2,3-triazole Derivatives
Sufi An-Nur Abd Haris1, Siti Sarah Shasuddin1, Fazni Susila Abd Ghani1, Najmah P.S
Hassan1, Mohd Tajudin Mohd Ali1,2*
1Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia
2Institute of Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: anti tubercular, cis-butyrolactone, click reaction and triazole
This synthetic work reports a concise asymmetric synthesis of four (1S,2S)-hydroxy
cyclohexene- 1,2,3-triazole derivatives 6a-d which will serve as an intermediate template
for the synthesis of potentially anti tubercular (1S,5S)-γ-butyrolactone analogs. The
synthesis of (1S,2S)-hydroxy cyclohexene-triazole was successfully achieved via
epoxidation, epoxide ring opening, and click reaction. Epoxidation of 1,4-cyclohexadiene
1 gave epoxide 2. The epoxide ring opening by Salen complex produced compound 4
with (1S,2S) stereocentres. The final click reaction step on compound 4 using alkynes 5a-
5c and 4-ethynylanisole 5d afforded triazoles 6a-6d.
ID027
Final Account Preparation in the Construction Industry: Competencies and
Challenges of Quantity Surveyors
Nur Khairina Khairul Hisham1*, Mohd Khairul Fitri Othman1
1Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
Cawangan Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Final Account, Issues and Challenges, Quantity Surveyors’ Competencies
Final account in the construction project was prepared to show the final cost of a project
that has been completed by the contractor. It comprises of all necessary adjustments that
an employer has agreed to pay to the contractor for the work done under the main
contract. One of the criteria of a project being completed on time and satisfied is when the
closing of final account is being conducted within the stipulated times without any
problems or dispute. Preparation of final account involves reporting the final cost of
construction works, which is one of the services that must be provided by quantity
surveyors. Quantity surveyors display their competencies in preparing final account by
preparing the certificate without being disputed and in a timely manner. However, issues
and problem usually occur during the rolling of final account, which often relates to quantity
34
surveyors’ competencies. This paper aims to study the challenges faced and
competencies displayed by quantity surveyors in relation to the final account preparation.
An extensive literature review of previous research and content analysis of court cases
reported in Malaysian Law Journal was conducted to identify the challenges and
competencies of quantity surveyors in preparing final account. In addition, a questionnaire
survey was distributed to the quantity surveyors to elicit their agreement on issues and
required competencies during final account preparation. It is found that there are three
categories of issues pertaining to final account preparation; namely contractor-related;
management-related; and contractual-related. This research also revealed six categories
of competencies required in final account preparation, which comprise of procurement;
quantification and costing; project finance control; contract administration; construction
practice and teamworking. This research is expected to provide the knowledge related to
the preparation of final account by the quantity surveyors, which then lead to a more
satisfactory construction project deliverance
ID028
Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Analysis of Tuned Mass Damper
Mechanism for a Multiple Degree of Freedom Structure
*Afham Zulhusmi Bin Ahmad, Aminudin Bin Abu, Lee Kee Quen
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Multiple Tuned Mass Damper (MTMD), Vibration Control, Linear-Time
Invariant System, Frequency Response
A single Tuned Mass Damper (TMD) can only suppress vibration of the assigned mode
shape of a structure. In controlling multimode vibrations, Multiple Tuned Mass Damper
(MTMD) is needed. In this study, mathematical modelling and numerical evaluation of the
proposed MTMD as a vibration suppression mechanism is performed comprehensively
by transforming structural model into equivalent lumped mass-spring-dashpot system,
with consideration of hypotheses Rayleigh damping. The main structural model is
designed as a linear time-invariant system and the equations of motion were derived using
transfer function. The transfer function then, is further simplified in state space
representations to cater the analysis complexity. The time history and frequency response
analysis of this study includes the vibration control effect of attaching the MTMD to a multi-
story structure, due to both transient and ground excitation input. A single TMD is first
designed to be tuned according to the different mode shapes of uncontrolled primary
structure. The influence of parameters such auxiliary mass ratio, optimum damping ratio,
and optimum frequency ratio is identified numerically, and the performance of structural
control mechanism is analyzed for both single TMD and MTMD arrangement. The optimal
placement algorithm of control devices is also justified, using defined objective functions
purposely to maximize the system effectiveness and the robustness of the proposed
mechanism, in terms of the distribution of natural frequencies MTMD for different seismic
input. The result shows that the optimization of TMD parameters has satisfied both
displacement and acceleration objectives. The designed MTMD is highly effective in
reducing third floor acceleration of second mode. It is also proven that the optimization
method has significantly contributed to the overall reduction of structural response.
35
ID029
Undergraduate Students’ Performance in Basic Organic Chemistry by Using
Organic Chemistry Mapping Model
Mohd Tajudin Mohd Ali *
Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam, 40450 Shah Alam,
Selangor, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Undergraduate Basic organic chemistry, organic chemistry, curriculum,
Student-Centered Learning, Innovation in chemistry education
A case study was described where three cohorts of students in CHM 457 (ORGANIC
CHEMISTRY I) course from three different semesters have participated in this project, in
which the students from one cohort used the Organic Chemistry Mapping Model (OCM)
model in their study. The objective of this study is to compare the performance of students
in their examination, by using or without using the OCM model. 121 students from different
semesters were chosen and grouped into different cohorts in this study. Research
instruments used in this study were the OCM materials for organic reactions, evaluation
tests, examinations, an assignment, and experiment evaluations. An assessment was
done by comparing their examination results for the whole semester in a span of three
semesters. Results suggest that the performance of students using the OCM model has
increased significantly.
ID030
The Understanding of Breast Self-Examination (BSE) among the Nursing
Undergraduate student in the Public University
1*Khairil Ami, 2Siti Hussein, 2Norazilah Khalip, 2Norizan Masri, 3Nooraziah Jalil,
1Haliza Abdul Rahman
1Universiti Teknologi MARA, Kampus Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
2Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
3Ministry of Health Malaysia
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Knowledge, attitude, Breast Self-Examination (BSE)
The high incidence of breast cancer at the fourth stage among young adults is alarming,
worldwide. The objective of this study is to identify the knowledge and attitude towards
breast self-examination among the undergraduate nursing students in the public
university. This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 188
undergraduate students who studied at the public university. The level of knowledge and
36
attitude of breast self-examination were measured using self-administered
questionnaires. All data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 Statistics for Windows. The result
of the study showed 33% of respondents had experienced breast self-examination. 79.3%
of respondents have good knowledge of cancer breast and breast self-examination.
86.7% of respondents know about breast self-examination and 35.1% of respondents had
a positive attitude towards BSE. The educational level was found to have a significant
relationship with an overall knowledge of cancer breast and breast self-examination (p
>0.001), and attitude towards breast self-examination (p >0.001) and breast self-
examination experienced (p >0.001). In conclusion, the nursing students had good
knowledge of breast cancer, but they had not experienced breast self-examination and
had a negative attitude to practice breast self-examination. Interventions must be
conducted to encourage the nursing students to conduct breast self-examination
effectively.
ID031
Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccination: The Parent’s Knowledge and Practice
Siti Hussein, Nuraina Mardia Mohd Noor, Mastura Amira Kamarudin, Rosnita Hashim
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
Corresponding authors: [email protected]
Keywords: Vaccinations, Measles, Mumps, Rubella, MMR, immunization, children
Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR) vaccination is the safest and best way of protecting the
children from three potentially serious diseases and yet, high numbers of children were
unimmunized. Thus, the aims of the study were to determine the parents’ knowledge and
practice regarding Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR) vaccination, as well as to examine its
relationships. This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 202 parents,
living in the sub-urban residential in Selangor Malaysia. The knowledge and practice of
MMR vaccination were measured using a modified questionnaire, developed by Awadh
et al. (2014). Overall, the results show that 53.5% of parents had low knowledge about
MMR vaccination but 54.5% (110) of respondents have a good practice of MMR
vaccination. There was a significant relationship between knowledge and the practice of
MMR vaccination (χ² = 67.96, df:1; p>0.001). To sum, majority of respondents have good
practice but low knowledge of MMR vaccination. There is a significant relationship
between the knowledge and practices of MMR vaccination. For high coverage,
communication efforts should focus on the accurate clarification of the parental beliefs
with regards to immunizations.
37
ID032
The Impact of Employee Commitment and Satisfaction on Training Effectiveness
Rumaizah binti Che Md Nor1, Norlina Mohamed Noor2, Sueb Ibrahim3, Nor Hannah
Shahirah binti Shahril Anwar4, Muhammad Akmal b Mohamad Azlan4
1Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sarawak
Branch, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
2Faculty of Business Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sarawak Branch,
94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
3Academy of Language Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sarawak Branch,
94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
4Faculty of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak,
94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
Corresponding authors: [email protected], [email protected],
[email protected]
Keywords: Training effectiveness, employee commitment, employee satisfaction,
government employees
Employee development is a strategic tool for an organization’s continuing growth,
productivity, and ability to retain valuable employees. Training and development provide
both the individual and organizations with benefits that make the cost and time a
worthwhile investment. Thus, employee training and development are crucial to the
success of any organization and it can only be quantified in a financial term as return on
investment (ROI). The main aim of this study was to investigate the impact of employee
commitment and satisfaction on training effectiveness. This study utilized quantitative
approach in gathering the data. A total of 100 government employees participated in this
study. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science Software
(SPSS). The finding indicated the existence of a significant relationship between
employee satisfaction and training effectiveness. The finding also indicated that there was
no significant difference between employee satisfaction and training effectiveness in
relation to gender and marital status. From the findings of the study, training, and other
development programmes should be precisely formulated to empower the employees and
their performance.
38
ID033
Nursing Students’ Perceived Effective Clinical Teachers’ Behaviors
Squiter Macroy Wilsom Mukan1, Dorothy Kulai1, Rumaizah binti Haji Che Md Nor2
1Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sarawak Branch,
94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
2Faculty Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
Sarawak Branch, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Effective clinical teaching characteristics, clinical teaching in nursing, clinical
teaching behaviour
Clinical teaching is a core component of nursing education. The clinical instructors’ role
and responsibilities are to supervise all clinical activities and to empower students to gain
clinical competency and skills. The nursing students’ perspectives on the effective clinical
instructors’ behavior is an important indicator of facilitating and improving clinical
education quality. This paper explored diploma nursing students’ perceived importance
on the effective clinical teaching behavior in helping their learning. A total of 165 nursing
students from various levels of their diploma in nursing programme from Universiti
Teknologi MARA (UiTM) were invited to participate. A self- administered questionnaire
was employed to collect demographic data and the students' perceptions on the effective
clinical instructor behaviors and their importance in learning outcomes using the Nursing
Clinical Teaching Effectiveness Inventory (NCTEI). The study results indicated that
nursing students perceived the evaluation as the most important effective clinical teaching
behavior, while personal characteristics are the least important effective clinical teaching
behaviors. The results showed a significant positive relationship between the frequency
of effective clinical teaching behavior used and the level of importance of effective clinical
teaching behavior for all five criteria. This information can be used to improve faculty
awareness of students’ views on the clinical teaching performance and as a guide for the
clinical instructor to develop and revise the clinical teaching approach in the clinical
setting. Behavior is perceived to be effective and it should be incorporated into clinical
instructor practice, thereby maximizing the students’ learning experiences in the clinical
setting.
39
ID034
Parent’s Involvement in the Use of the Internet Among Children During Movement
Control Order (MCO)
Zuriani Ahmad Zukarnain, Mimi Zazira Hashim, Norrini Mohammad,
Farah Ahlami Mansor
Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Kelantan
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: movement control order, effective internet usage, theory of planned behaviour
The world globally is shocked by the emergence of a new virus, called COVID-19 or
coronavirus. Since then, COVID-9 has been announced as a global pandemic. This
pandemic has changed all daily activities. To reduce the rate of viral infections and flatten
the curve of the coronavirus pandemic, the government has imposed the Movement
Control Order (MCO). Face-to-face communication during the MCO is limited while
communication via technology and the Internet are the main media for communication.
Various businesses are operated using online platforms. People no longer need to go to
the office and most people work from home. In education, online distance learning
becomes a new normal. Children need to use the internet to attend online classes and
complete assignments given by the teacher. With online learning, children are exposed to
the use of various applications and online platforms that they have never used before.
The amount of time allocated to use the Internet is increasing as compared to before the
MCO. Children’s effective use of the Internet relies heavily on several factors. Parents’
views and attitudes are crucial for children’s productive use of the Internet. This study will
investigate the factors that influence the usage of the Internet for online learning among
the children and reveal the parents’ views on Internet usage among children. This
research will be using a quantitative research method approach. A questionnaire
consisting of items regarding financial, social, educational, and safety aspects of the
Internet will be used to collect the data. The questionnaire will adapt the Theory of Planned
Behaviour (TPB). In TPB, the independent variables are attitude, subjective norms, and
perceived behavioural control. The outcome of the research will help the stakeholder to
prepare a guideline or policy that could be considered to ensure the effectiveness of
Internet usage for children during a limited situation within certain duration of time, such
as MCO.
40
ID035
Smart Pipe
Muhammad Aizat Bin Ibrahim, Haslinda Binti Abd Rahim, Suzella Binti Ab Samad,
Norazira Binti Mohamad Zin, Malika Bin Abdul Malek
Sekolah Kebangsaan Baroh Pial, 17007 Pasir Mas, Kelantan
Corresponding authors: [email protected], [email protected]
Keywords: Smart pipe, innovation, unique time recording, watering plants
Smart pipe is invented as an innovation project where it comes with unique time recording
device to control the watering work that can be set by the users. It is an Introduction to
modern agriculture concept and irregular watering for plants. Smart pipe is created as an
innovative project by adding a unique time-recorder for customized watering functions. It
is suitable to be used by the community, such as in schools and nurseries and, to be
handled by the farmers, gardeners, and housewives.
ID036
COVID-19 Antibody Surveillance Among Healthcare Workers in a Non-COVID
Designated Cardiology Centre 3
Hwei Sung Ling1,2, Ing Xiang Pang1, Lean Seng Chen1, Chandan Deepak Bhavnani1,
Francis Eng Pbeng Shu1, Kian Hui Ho1, Chen Ting Tan1, Keng Tat Koh1,
Yen Yee Oon1, Said Asri1,2, Yee Ling Cham1, Alan Yean Yip Fong1,3, Tiong Kiam Ong1
1Cardiology Department, Sarawak Heart Centre, Ministry of Health Malaysia
2Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
3Clinical Research Centre, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuching, Sarawak
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: COVID-19, Healthcare worker, Antibody, Surveillance, Non-COVID
designated centre, Sarawak
The use of COVID-19 RT-PCR test is rationed due to resource limitation in Malaysia.
Hence, we used antibody rapid test kit to describe COVID-19 antibody prevalence among
the healthcare workers (HCW) in a cardiology centre. COVID-19 antibody surveillance
test was conducted among HCW of Sarawak Heart Centre, mainly those who did not fulfil
the case definition criteria. Convenience sampling with a self-administered questionnaire
was used. HEALGEN COVID-19IgG/IgM rapid test was performed using serum/whole
blood specimen. The serological result was correlated retrospectively with the
participant’s clinical symptoms and epidemiological exposure history. Of the 310 staff
screened, 14 staff (4.5%) were seropositive, with 2 for IgM, and 12 for IgG. All staff with
41
positive antibody were subsequently tested negative with RT-PCR tests. 46 (14.8%) staff
reported COVID-19 related symptoms at some stage from the end of January 2020. 24
(7.7%) staff were reported having visited COVID-19’s clusters area. The presence of
COVID-19 related symptoms or history of potential exposure to the cluster areas is
independently associated with seropositive IgG result. The use of COVID-19 antibody
rapid tests could determine the true exposure of HCW to the infection. HCW fulfils at least
one case definition criteria that can be prioritized for COVID-19 serological test in the
setting of resource limitation.
ID037
The Potential of Carbon Footprint Reduction of a Mid-Rise Residential Building in
Sarawak
Nurdiyanah Yaman, Ahmad Faiz Abd Rashid*.
Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
Sarawak Branch, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Carbon emission; sustainable building materials; cost implication
Carbon emission is released into the atmosphere as the result of various activities due to
rapid urbanisation and thus, has contributed to global warming and climate change. The
government has done various initiatives in the effort to reduce the impact, including from
the construction industry to support the carbon footprint reduction of 40% as pledged by
the Prime Minister. To reduce the carbon footprint of a building, various strategies such
as the Malaysian Carbon Reduction and Environmental Sustainability Tool (MyCREST)
have been established to promote green building development. Recent studies suggested
that the selection of sustainable materials can reduce the overall carbon emission of a
building, however, the cost has been identified as the main barriers to implement the
initiative in Malaysia. This paper aims to analyse the potential of carbon footprint reduction
by using sustainable material in mid-rise residential building and subsequently, to evaluate
the cost implication. The impact of the conventional and the selected sustainable materials
were assessed using data from the MyCREST tool while the data for cost analysis were
taken from various sources of cost data such as JKR Rates online (RATOL), JKR Sarawak
Schedule of Rates (SOR), and previous research. Based on the study, it shows that the
sustainable materials, such as 30% of Blast Furnace Slag (BFS) concrete mixture,
Aerated Autoclaved Concrete (AAC) block, and recycled steel roof truss, have the
potential to reduce the carbon emission throughout the process of the building
construction. The finding also shows that the sustainable materials are slightly cheaper
than the conventional materials, except for AAC block. Therefore, the potential of carbon
emission reduction approach by using MyCREST as a guideline tool can assist in the
reduction of the environmental impact of buildings.
42
ID038
Synthesis of trans tert-butyl (5,6-dihydroxycyclohex-3-en-1-yl) carbamate: A
Potential Precursor for (-)-Muricatacin Derivatives
Zurhana Mat Hussin1, Sufi An-Nur Haris2, Mohd Tajudin Mohd Ali2,3*
1Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Pahang,
26400 Bandar Tun Abdul Razak Jengka, Pahang, Malaysia
2Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
3Institute of Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: -butyrolactone, (-)-Muricatacin, epoxidation, reduction amination
A concise synthesis of dihydroxy trans-Nboc cyclohexene starting from meso
monoepoxide cyclohexene is described. The compound could be served as an interesting
key starting material in the design and synthesis of a variety of biologically active
-butyrolactone such as (-)-Muricatacin. The developed synthetic procedure includes
catalytic epoxide ring opening using Salen complex to give trans azido cyclohexene,
reduction amination and allylic hydroxylation.
ID039
Constraints of Paddy Production Among Smallhoding Farmers in Samarahan
Zubaidah Yusop1*, Ahmad Shahir Abd Aziz1, Abdul Rahman Saili1,
Rumaizah Che Md Nor2, Siti Sahmsiah Sahmat1
1Faculty of Plantation and Agrotechnology, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sarawak
Branch,
94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.
2Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
Sarawak Branch, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Production Constraints, Paddy Cultivation, Management, Samarahan Division,
Sarawak
The study was conducted in Samarahan Division, Sarawak to identify the production
constraints faced by small holding paddy farmers. This survey was conducted in four
districts in Samarahan Division. All the respondents were selected randomly from the list
of the registered paddy farmers obtained from Department of Agriculture Sarawak. There
were 273 respondents from four districts who participated in this study. Data were
collected by using questionnaires via face to face survey. The obtained data were
43
analyzed by using correlation analysis and Multiple Linear Regressions (MLR) analysis.
The finding reported that only physical and technology can be concluded as significant
production constraint to the paddy production. Various suggestions of management
practices have also been discussed to overcome the constraints.
ID040
Sistem Pengurusan Islami Berteraskan Konsep 5M Mampu Mewujudkan
Kelestarian Pendidikan Mampan di Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Malaysia
Zanirah Mustafa@Busu1* Zulkifli Mohamed2 Mohd Nazri Mat Zin2, Noraini Junoh3, Nor
Asmira Mat Jusoh2, Nik Muniyati Nik Din2, Intan Nurul ‘Ain Mohd Firdaus Kozako1
1Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Kelantan
2Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies (ACIS), Universiti Teknologi MARA,
Cawangan Kelantan
3Faculty of Accountancy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Kelantan
* Corresponding author: [email protected]
Kata kunci: Sistem Pengurusan Islami, konsep 5M, Pendidikan, mampan
Sistem pengurusan Islam merupakan sistem yang sangat lengkap dan sistematik dengan
berpandukan Al-Quran dan Sunnah. Berperanan penting dalam membentuk dan
melahirkan generasi yang mengikut kerangka berfikir, nilai dan prinsip Islam. Pengurusan
Islami semakin menjadi perhatian dalam kalangan para intelektual. Tumpuan
terutamanya kepada faktor dalaman (soft factor) dalam memberi impak terhadap
kelestarian pendidikan dan pembangunan modal insan dalam sesebuah institusi serta
memberikan kepuasan bekerja kalangan individu sering diperbincangkan. Konsep
pengurusan yang digunapakai di universiti merupakan salah satu cara untuk memenuhi
keperluan, menyatakan potensi dan keupayaan, merancang dan bertindak mengekalkan
prinsip kelestarian secara berterusan. Kelestarian yang mampan seharusnya berasaskan
konsep 5M. Secara asasnya 5M merujuk kepada istilah mudarris, mu’allimmurabbi,
mursyid, dan muaddib. Ia menekankan konsep kesepaduan ilmu dan amal yang harus
dimiliki dalam kalangan ahli akademik. Pada masa kini, di sebalik kecemerlangan ahli
akademik, terdapat laporan dan kes-kes yang melibatkan pelanggaran etika dalam
profesion ini seperti pecah amanah dan tidak beradab. Pelbagai langkah perlu dilakukan
bagi mengatasi masalah ini. Justeru, penulisan ini dilakukan bagi mengkaji konsep 5M
menurut perspektif golongan intelektual Islam dan relevanansinya dalam konteks kekinian
ahli akademik di Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Malaysia. Pembentukan ahli akademik yang
seimbang dapat direalisasikan melalui pendekatan 5M. Pemahaman konsep 5M perlu
diberi perhatian yang serius bagi melahirkan ahli akademik yang mampu menerapkan
nilai cemerlang, sinergi dan integriti (ESI). Kajian ini menggunakan metodologi kualitatif.
Pengkaji menggunakan kaedah analisis kandungan bagi tujuan penyelidikan. Di samping
penggunaan kaedah pemerhatian secara langsung, analisis bukti dokumen yang
berkaitan serta kajian perpustakaan sebagai pengumpulan data sekunder dan sokongan.
Bagi memastikan keesahan dan kebolehpercayaan kajian ini berada pada tahap yang
tinggi, pengkaji menjalankan kaedah triangulasi antara bahan-bahan tersebut. Hasil
kajian mendapati konsep 5M sangat sesuai digunakan dan diaplikasikan dalam sistem
pendidikan tinggi hari ini. Kajian ini juga mendapati bahawa ahli akademik perlu
44
memainkan peranan bukan sahaja dari sudut pengajaran dan pembelajaran malah
membentuk identiti dan sahsiah yang unggul. Akhirnya, implikasi kajian ini diharapkan
dapat memberi sumbangan teori dan amali dalam amalan terbaik ahli akademik masa
kini.
ID041
Sustainable Livelihood Strategies and Potential Socio-Economic Development
Activities in Kampung Kesindu, Simunjan
Evie Sendi Ibila*, Shariffah Zatil Hidayah Bt Syed Jamaludinb, Roseline Anak Ikaua,
Noraziah Wahia
aFaculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
Sarawak Branch, 94300 Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
bFaculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
Shah Alam Branch, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: agricultural activities; land use; livelihood strategies; natural environment;
sustainability; socio-economic
This study took place in an Iban community village located at the foot of Bukit Buri, an
area called Kampung Kesindu, Simunjan. A part of the community lives in the longhouse
headed by a headman named Tuai Rumah Robert Gana anak Jampong, while others
have built their own houses around the longhouse. The aims of this study are to study the
sustainable livelihood strategies and potential socio-economic development activities in
Kesindu village, Simunjan. The study explores how the community livelihood strategies
influenced their socio-economic and natural environment. This study combines qualitative
survey and participatory research techniques, namely Participatory Research Appraisal
(PRA), as an approach to achieve a broad understanding of the livelihood strategies and
land use of the community in Kesindu village. The social sciences techniques used in this
study are transect walk, seasonal calendar, focus group interview, and questionnaire
survey. The study shows the essential aspect of the livelihood strategy in the community
is to strike a balance between income security and food security. In addition, natural,
social, human, financial, and physical capitals were meant to study the livelihood
strategies at Kesindu village. It is also important to realize that the Iban community is
dynamic in managing their resources. Government agencies play an important role in
providing the subsidy and assistance for agricultural development in Kesindu village. In
summary, the current agricultural activities and practices of the community have little
impact on the local natural resources. The community of Kesindu village has identified
that the agricultural activities as their top priority that will improve their socio-economic.
45
ID042
Exploring the Sustainable Retirement Village Concept in Malaysian Context; An
Initial Review
Ruth Lua Ejaua,*, Farah Ajlaa Julaihia, Syamimi Liyana Amat Raisa , Asmah Alia
Mohamad Boharia
aFaculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
Sarawak Branch, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Elderly, Malaysia, Retirement village, Sustainable
The sustainable retirement village is designed for senior citizens to enhance the quality of
the living environment by providing suitable accommodation, services, and facilities for
residents' social, economic, and environmental needs. The concept of a sustainable
retirement village can be adopted in Malaysia as the population aged 65 years will
increase from 24 per cent in the year 2050. However, in Malaysia, the provision of the
elderly home is still at the introduction phase, and the concept of a retirement village is
not clear because there is no technical and legal definition. Thus, this study aims to
explore the sustainable retirement village potential practices in Malaysia. The exploration
is through a systematic literature review analysis based on Malaysia and beyond
practices. The findings of the study indicated that independent living, age-friendly
environment, affordability, and location are the main concept of the retirement village. This
paper provides a basis of reference to assist various stakeholders such as the
government, developers, researchers, and society in understanding the concept for the
development of a sustainable retirement village, as well as pave the way for the greying
population.
ID044
A Research on the Connotation and Realization Path of University’s Labour
Education in the New Era
Zhang Jun Li a*, Kimberley Lau Yih Longb
aShanghai Lixin University of Accounting and Finance, Shanghai, China
bAcademy of Language Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA Sarawak Branch,
94300 Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected], [email protected]
Keywords: labour, new era, traditional, education, universities
This article puts forward the connotation of ‘labour’ under the background of the new era
and updates the traditional cognition of ‘labour’. It proposes effective ways for colleges
and universities to realise labour education according to the background of the era and
the labour demand of employers; so as to break the shortcomings of labour education in
46
colleges and universities and improve the quality of whole-person education to better meet
the needs of the job market.
ID045
Exploring Fire Protection System Application in Timber Longhouse Architecture
Ku Mohammad Asyraf Ku Azir1*, Eunice Harika Clarence1, Mohd Khairul Fitri Othman1
1Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
Sarawak Branch, Samarahan Campus, Sarawak, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: fire protection system; timber structure; building design; traditional longhouse
Sarawak’s property development is currently catching the trend towards constructing
condominiums and giant office towers for ever-increasing height across its urban
landscape. However, the original megastructure of Borneo was the longhouse or known
as “rumahpanjang”. In general, a longhouse is a traditional timber housing structure that
consists of entire communities of families who live under a common roof, sharing space
in total contrast to their urban counterparts. Nonetheless, these heritage timber housing
units are decreasing annually due to fire burned incidents. Most timber longhouse
structures are made of surrounding wood such as Belian, Nibong, Bamboo, Sago and
Apong. Despite the well-known hardy materials, the timber lacks fire-resistance compared
to other modern structure materials for instance, concrete, steel, and brick. Various
building fire protection equipment has been made available and fire prevention awareness
campaigns have been done. Unfortunately, the longhouse fire incident is still regarded as
a serious threat to the longhouse community. Hence, this research was conducted to
explore the fire protection system of traditional timber longhouses. An extensive literature
review was undertaken to investigate the architecture of longhouse, fire protection system
practice for timber structure and factors affecting incidents of building fire. The research
was carried out at Betong and Kapit, Sarawak, Malaysia. A qualitative methodology was
used based on the observation and parameters created for the eight longhouse case
studies. Location, demographic, facilities, building design, active and passive fire
protection system were the parameters analyzed in the study. The research revealed that
the longhouse building design features acted as a passive fire protection with minimal
application and the active fire protection systems were average. Human behavior, lack of
infrastructure facilities and the longhouse’s topography were also identified as factors
affecting the fire incident. In conclusion, a fire protection system should be considered in
designing the longhouse and the fire safety inspection and awareness need to be
conducted periodically involving the community and authority.
47
ID046
Online Learning: A Post COVID-19 Alternative Pedagogy for University Students
Sandra Phek-Lin Sim1*, Hannah Phek-Khiok Sim2, and Cheng-Sim Quah3
1Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Sarawak, Kampus Samarahan, Sarawak,
Malaysia
2Institut Pendidikan Guru Batu Lintang, Kuching, Sarawak
3Institut Aminuddin Baki, Bandar Enstek, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Online learning; virtual learning; online learning pedagogy; post COVID-19
education; challenges; university students
The sudden COVID-19 pandemic situation experienced globally has caused many
schools and institutions of higher learning to resort to fully online teaching and learning
throughout the world, including Malaysia. As many educators and students braved the
situation, and until a remedy is found to prevent the spread of this deadly coronavirus, the
question that lingers in the mind of many people is ‘Will online learning be the way forward
for university students in post COVID-19? Most past research has reported on students’
experience of online mode of learning via blended learning approach but there is relatively
little research focusing on the real experience of students embarking on full online learning
mode, especially in the state of Sarawak. Thus, this quantitative research aimed to identify
the level of acceptance of online learning among university students who have
experienced full online learning mode. It also intended to identify the factors that facilitated
online learning and the challenges of online learning among university students. Data was
collected using an online survey involving 156 respondents from a public university in the
state of Sarawak. Results showed a moderate high level of acceptance of online learning
among the university students. In addition, results revealed that among the four main
factors that facilitated online learning among the students, enhancement of English
language skills ranked the highest, followed by enthusiasm, self-efficacy, and satisfaction.
This study also found that among the main challenges encountered by majority of the
students are issues of delivery speed of teaching and learning, students’ attitude,
struggles and stress of online learning mode. Results yielded in this study add to the
existing literature on the possibility of online learning as an alternative pedagogy in post
COVID-19 for the education sector.
48
ID048
Implementation of Industrialized Building System in Malaysia over Five Decades
S R Mohd Nasir1*, A B Zulkifli2 and N Jaafar2
1Lecturer, Faculty of Civil Engineering, UiTM, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
2Undergraduates, Faculty of Civil Engineering, UiTM, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor,
Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Industrialized Building System; Conventional Method; Cost; Time
Industrialized Building System (IBS) method has been claimed as one of the construction
methods that is able to reduce the cost and duration of public-school projects in Malaysia
in comparison to the conventional method. This study is to identify the comparison
between IBS and Conventional method in terms of project cost and duration of public
schools in Malaysia. Questionnaire survey was conducted to obtain the perspective from
the target respondents i.e. the contractors, consultant, manufacturer, and client who were
involved in IBS projects. Among the tests conducted were frequency test, T-test, and
relative importance index. The results indicated that there was a difference between the
cost of IBS method and conventional method by 11.9 %. In terms of the project duration,
IBS method does not differ with the conventional method. This study shows that IBS in
Malaysia requires an in-depth study, in terms of the construction methods which can
benefit the construction projects in Malaysia.
ID050
Exploring the Effectiveness of Integrated Online Distance Learning Ecosystem
Anderson Ngelambong1*, Hashim Fadzil Ariffin1, Nur’Hidayah Che Ahmat1, Irina Mohd
Akhir1, Johanna Adlin Ahmad1
1Faculty of Hotel and Tourism Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Pulau Pinang
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Online distance learning; Facebook page; group WhatsApp; iLearn
Around the world, the COVID-19 pandemic has severely affected the education
ecosystem. All learning institutions from kindergarten to higher learning institutions were
forced to seize operation in preventing the spread of the pandemic. To overcome the
problem, online distance learning is viewed as a viable approach to bring teaching and
learning activities beyond the physical realm. Although the literature on online distance
learning is abundant, limited studies have investigated integrated online distance learning
ecosystem. Moreover, most of the current studies have been conducted in developed
countries. Based on the research gaps, this study attempts to explore the factors that have
made integrated online distance learning a viable approach in enhancing the students’
49
learning activities. Also, the study aims to uncover issues and challenges surrounding the
implementation of such online distance learning approach. To achieve the stated research
objectives, a qualitative study was deemed appropriate. Specifically, a semi structured
interview was conducted with four focus groups involving 28 undergraduate students in
the Faculty of Hotel and Tourism, Universiti Teknologi MARA Pulau Pinang. For the study,
the students were enrolled in a subject that was conducted via Facebook page, group
WhatsApp and iLearn as the integrated online distance learning platform. Based on the
thematic analysis, the study found that the integrated online distance learning platform
has served as an effective way to boost student’s engagement. The integration of
Facebook page as the main component of the online distance learning approach offers
students better flexibility to access learning materials beyond geographical and time
limitations. The addition of the WhatsApp group further facilitated the effectiveness of the
online distance learning as the students were more likely to be well informed in a timely
manner. However, to be effective, the ministry of education, higher learning institutions
and educators should collaborate to develop an integrated online distance learning
blueprint to overcome the issues related to online distance learning.
ID055
Development of e-Scooter Tracking and Anti-Theft System
using Open Source IoT Platforms
Mohd Yazid Bin Mohd Anas Khan
Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA,
Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: IoT, NB-IoT, server, client, user, GNSS, GPS, GLONASS, GPRS, GSM,
NMEA, e-Scooter
Electric scooter or e-Scooter is one of the emerging micro-mobility services around the
world these days. The e-Scooters provided by ridesharing companies are mostly
equipped with additional hardware and software to identify themselves as one of the
clients within the server. This mechanism is known as asset tracking. Existing ridesharing
tracking mechanism would normally run on a proprietary platform which cannot be
reverse-engineered due to their close source nature. Many researchers have come up
with an e-Scooter tracking system based on Arduino-microcontroller while a system based
on the open-source Linux operating microcomputer is simply non-existent. Therefore, this
project will focus on developing a dedicated e-Scooter tracking and anti-theft system
based on open source microcomputer. The project will discuss on the circuit design of
smart location tracker based on off-the-shelf GNSS receiver and microcomputer. The
need to develop a dedicated server and database for smart location tracker and data
acquisition via IoT implementations is also one of the major focuses in this project. The
final key area of interest is to validate and verify data for the anti-theft system. The
completed working ecosystem, consisting of a web application for the system
administrator, client IoT devices and user device, has been tested and proven to be viable
for early deployment within the campus. It has been found that the functionality of this
ecosystem could serve as a fundamental building block for future open-source ridesharing
establishment.
50
ID056
The Needs for Clinical Practice Module for Nursing Students
Suzana Yusof1, Nurul Hidayah Mustaffa Kamal Bashah1, Anis Nabila Othman1, Fatimah
Sham1, Norhafizatul Akma Shohor1, Sofee Mohamed Akhlak1, Dorothy Kulai2
1Centre of Nursing Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
Puncak Alam Campus, Selangor, Malaysia
2Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sarawak Branch,
94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Clinical practice module, clinical practice, full time, and part time nursing
education
Nursing education, that comprises of full time (face-to-face) interaction and part time
(distance) interaction, is required to fulfil clinical practice. This study aims to evaluate the
needs for clinical practice module for nursing students in facilitating them at a clinical
setting. A cross-sectional study was carried out and total samples of 218 nursing students
were divided by using a quota sampling technique. 92.7% of participants agreed that the
clinical practice module needs to be implemented. This study recommended that a module
as a reference for students during clinical practice would be useful in improving
knowledge, competency, and skill acquisition.
ID057
Malaysian Nurses’ Knowledge and Practice Towards Prevention of Surgical Site
Infection
Fatimah Sham1,5, Nur Azira Abdul Raji1,2, Mohd Fitri Omar1,3, Zulkarnain Hasan4
Muhammad Khairi Patahorahman2, Yogarani Supramaaniam3
1Centre of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
Cawangan Selangor, 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
2Nursing Unit and Infection Control Unit, Hospital Shah Alam, Persiaran Kayangan,
Seksyen 7, 40000 Shah Alam, Selangor
3Nursing Unit, Hospital Tuanku Ja'afar, Jalan Rasah, 70300 Seremban, Negeri Sembilan
4Infection Control Unit, Hospital Sungai Buloh, Jalan Hospital, 47000, Sungai Buloh,
Selangor
5Maternofetal and Embryology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti
Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: knowledge, practice, nurses, prevention, surgical site infection
51
Surgical Site Infection (SSI) is the common healthcare-associated infection that
significantly affects the patient’s safety and financial losses for health systems. Enhancing
nurses’ knowledge and practice is an essential component in the prevention of the spread
of infection. This study aims to assess the knowledge and practice towards prevention of
surgical site infection among the nurses in the Malaysian Public Hospital and to identify
the most significant predictors of Malaysian nurses’ knowledge and practice regarding the
prevention of SSIs. A cross-sectional study was conducted on purposive selected 306
nurses who were working in four targeted units/wards at two public hospitals in Malaysia
between January to Jun 2020. Data were obtained from self-administered questionnaires
and analyzed by using the IBM Statistical Packages for Social Science (SPSS) Window
Version 23. This study revealed that 85.3 % of nurses who took part in this study had good
knowledge and 97.7 % had good practice regarding SSIs prevention. However, there was
no significant difference between the nurses' knowledge and their practice towards
Prevention SSI (x2: 1.10; p-value: 0.28). There was a statistically significant association
between working unit/ward and the total knowledge score (x2: 24.51; p-value: 0.01).
Nurses who worked in the Operation Theatre were found to have a higher percentage of
good knowledge towards the Prevention of SSI (n: 99; 37.9%) compared to the nurses
from other units/wards. This indicates that the most significant predictors of Malaysian
nurses’ knowledge towards Prevention of SSI are based on where the nurses work. It can
be concluded that the nurses in the current study had good knowledge and practice
regarding surgical site infection. In relation to the successful strategies of infection control
measures, particularly SSI, well-structured and continuing education programmes;
effective supervision and the support, and the regular basis the necessary consumables
and supplies, were considered the important elements to enhance the nurses’
competencies in the prevention of SSIs and eliminate knowledge deficit.
ID059
Effect of Combination of Slow Release Fertilizer and EFB Compost on Immature
Oil Palm in Coastal Sandy Soil.
Siraj Munir Bin Mohammad*, Associate Professor Dr Margaret Chan Kit Yok**
Faculty of Plantation and Agrotechnology, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sarawak Branch,
94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
*Corresponding authors: *[email protected]; **[email protected]
Keywords: Marginal Soil, Oil Palm, Slow Release Fertilizer, Empty Fruit Bunch Compost
Literature reviews that there is a common link between pandemic outbreaks with severe
climate phenomena; and that climate change and agriculture are interrelated processes.
The main contributing factor is unsustainable agronomic practices. A considerable amount
of fertilizers is required to produce a good yield of oil palm (Elaeisguineensis) in marginal
soil. In sandy coastal soil, with the high rate of rainfall and high porosity, the loss of
nutrients from leaching is inevitable. Therefore, the application of slow-release fertilizers
in (SRF) in amended sandy coastal soil with empty fruit bunch (EFB) compost on the
growth of two years’ old oil palm and plant and soil nitrogen (N) content was studied. The
experimental site with a Complete Randomized Block Design (CRBD) was established in
Sampadi, Sarawak with five treatments replicated four times: T1 (100% NPK), T2 (50%
52
NPK with 50% SRF), T3 (100% SRF), T4 (50% NPK with EFB compost), and T5 (50%
SRF with EFB compost) with equivalent 1000g N. There was no significant difference in
growth parameters determined by bole diameter and leaf area among the treatments.
Chemical analysis of N contents of plant and soil also indicated no significant difference.
There was a significant positive correlation between bole diameter and leaf area as the
Pearson Correlation Coefficient obtained was 0.662. There was also a significant positive
correlation between total plant N content and both the bole diameter and leaf area with
Pearson Correlation Coefficients of 0.440 and 0.496, respectively. The study concluded
that the beneficial use of SRF can maintain the total N availability in the soil from being
turned to waste due to leaching factors. The SRF amended with EFB compost can be as
an alternative fertilizer application in the case of marginal soil in a coastal sandy area, that
can improve the soil texture, as well as reducing the loss of nutrients. Adoption of either
of these agronomic practices can be a mitigation measure to climate change.
ID060
Quality of Work Life Among Public Hospital Nurses in Sarawak, Malaysia
Frannelya Francis1, Fatimah Sham2*, Azniah Alias2, Siti Munirah Abdul Wahab3,
Suzana binti Yusof2, Hasmah binti Johan4
1Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sarawak Branch,
94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
2Centre of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
Selangor Branch, 42300 Kuala Selangor, Selangor, Malaysia
3Centre of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
Penang Branch, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
4Sarawak General Hospital, 93586 Kuching, Sarawak
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Quality of Work Life (QoWL), public hospital, nurses
Globally, the quality of work-life (QoWL) of nurses is greatly affected in view of them being
the largest health care groups and the main front liners in the clinical settings. When the
nurse’s quality of work-life is compromised, the dynamic changes in the work environment
will also be affected. Currently, the focus issues in nursing include excessive workload
and poor work conditions. Thus, the objective of this study is to assess the quality of work
life among public hospital nurses and to determine the association between quality of
work-life with the socio-demographic characteristics of the nurses in Sarawak General
Hospital (SGH), Kuching, Malaysia. The method involved descriptive study with
convenience sampling technique of 461 nurses working at SGH. A composite scale was
used for assessment of QoWL in nurses. Data were collected using the tools or
questionnaires adapted by Swamy (2015) that focused on 9 different areas. The
questionnaires were distributed to the nurses via an online survey. This study revealed
that 52.9% of the respondents were not satisfied with their QoWL while 47.1% of
respondents were satisfied. Three areas were identified to record a higher percentage of
unsatisfactory QoWL: relation and cooperation; the autonomy of work; and adequacy of
53
resources. The association between quality of work-life with the socio-demographic
characteristics of the nurses showed significant results (p-value≤0.01) with female nurses;
those involved in clinical; had been working and staying at the same hospital for less than
a year; and those working shifts, having unsatisfactory QoWL. In summary, the nurse’s
quality of work-life is at a moderate level. This research further indicated that the socio-
demographic features of nurses and QoWL are substantially linked. It is suggested that
result-driven research is also needed to examine the effectiveness, efficacy and cost
benefits of specific strategies in improving the nurses' quality of life. The health care
authorities should implement policies to strengthen the working standards of nurses and
their QoWL, so that the nurses can provide excellent and effective care for their clients.
ID062
Compression Behaviour of Concrete Cylinder with Confinement of Carbon Fibre
Reinforced Polymer (CFRP)
Norsalwa Aisyah Senu1, Ruqayyah Ismail1, Norlizan Wahid1*, Hazrina Ahmad1
1Faculty of Civil Engineering, University Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang,
Kampus Permatang Pauh, 13500 Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: CFRP, concrete confinement, strengthening, compression behaviour
Carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) confinement has been one of the strengthening
methods available for vulnerable concrete column. This paper presents the experimental
test on the compressive behaviour of nine circular concrete cylinders with CFRP
confinement. Three different conditions considered were partially and fully CFRP-confined
specimens and unconfined specimens that act as a control. It is discovered that fully and
partially CFRP confinement have improved the concrete cylinder ultimate capacity by
300% and 150% respectively when compared to the unconfined concrete cylinder. It
shows that partially CFRP confinement is strong enough to be used as a strengthening
method and can be more economical. Most of the concrete cylinder specimens failed
unsatisfactorily in which unconfined concrete cylinder failed due to concrete crushing
while the confined concrete cylinders failed due to CFRP rupture.
54
ID063
The Factors of Obesity Among Children in Malaysia
Fauziah Deraman1*, Raihanah Mohd Mokhtar1, Nurul Asyiqin Mustafa1, Noralisa Ismail1
1Faculty of Hotel and Tourism Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
Terengganu Branch, 23000 Dungun, Terengganu, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Obesity, Children, Taste Preference, Convenience Food, Health Problem
Malaysia is experiencing a great rise in the prevalence of obesity. This unhealthy trend is
progressing towards adulthood. Many Malaysians are still unaware of this problem and
they think that children’s health problem is not as serious as adults. However, childhood
obesity is associated with a lot of health problems such as hypertension, breathing
difficulties, cardiovascular disease, and psychological problems. This study focuses on
the issue of obesity problem among children in Malaysia. There are three factors leading
to obesity among children which are increasing of convenient foods, taste preference,
behavioural and environmental factors faced by the children. Then, by understanding all
the three factors, the most influencing factor is being determined. The result of this study
indicated that behavioural and environmental factor of the children is the most influencing
factor of obesity. Thus, this research will benefit the society in helping them to have better
understanding on factors that have influenced their children and also the academicians
and food entrepreneurs such as the school canteen, which should provide more healthy
food that helps in the development of the children to maintain a healthy lifestyle and eating
habits.
ID064
University Students’ Perspectives on Open Distance Learning (ODL)
Implementation Amidst COVID19
Vloreen Nity Mathew1*, Ellen Chung Siew Mee1
1Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sarawak Branch,
94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Open Distance Learning (ODL), online learning platforms, technology,
teaching and learning, university students
Open Distance Learning (ODL) has been implemented in universities around the world
since decades ago. With the COVID-19 pandemic, it has accelerated its implementation
at an unprecedented speed and haste globally. What do the students think about the ODL
implementation? The aim of this paper is to investigate university students’ perspectives
on ODL amidst COVID-19. A total of 608 students from both diploma and degree
55
throughout Malaysia have participated and shared their feedbacks on the ODL
implementation. The data collected covered their general feedbacks, what they enjoyed
most about ODL and their recommendations on ODL implementation were analysed. A
comparison between the diploma and the degree students’ perspectives is also discussed
in the paper. The findings showed that most of the students have positive perceptions
about ODL implementation. This is supported by the positive feedbacks and the fun
factors highlighted by the respondents. Some students indicated that ODL should not be
continued in the future semester due to some problems they faced such as poor internet
connection, budget constraints and time management issues. Recommendations on
improvements for better ODL implementations are also provided. This study contributes
to more effective management of ODL by presenting the learners’ perspectives.
ID065
Feasibility Study on Underutilised Sago Waste Biochar as Soil Amendment on
Sweet Corn (Zea mays) on Mineral Soil
Suraiya Mahdian1,3, Hasmah Mohidin1,2, Sulaiman Man1,2, Kevin Dinggun Kanang2,
Azizu Soteh Ali3, Mickler Mamat Samuel2, Joeghea Bubun Jabris Naong2,
Sharon Petery2
1Natural Product Research Development Centre, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
Sarawak Branch, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.
2Faculty of Plantation and Agrotechnology, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
Sarawak Branch, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.
3Faculty of Plantation and Agrotechnology, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
Mukah Campus, 96400 Mukah, Sarawak, Malaysia.
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: biochar, sago bark; sago frond; empty fruit bunch, soil amendment
Sarawak has been the main exporter of sago starch in Malaysia for decades. In 2017, the
Department of Agriculture Sarawak reported that about 42,000 metric/tons of dry sago
starch had been exported, generating an estimation of RM89 million revenue to the State.
However, this scenario contributed to an abundance of sago wastes that include sago
bark (SB) and sago frond (SF) which had resulted in bad environmental effect where the
residues might inhibit the drainage system after disposal. Therefore, this study was
conducted with the aim to evaluate the underutilised sago wastes converted into biochar
as soil amendment to the clayey laterite soil planted with sweet corn (Zea mays) plants.
The experimental site was located at UiTM Samarahan, Sarawak, Farm Unit. The
parameters under studied were the plant biomass accumulation and the cob yield. Cobs
were graded according to standard procedure and their weight and number of cobs were
recorded, according to the treatments. The experimental design consisted of five
treatments, with eighty plants per treatment, and replicated thrice using randomised
complete block design (RCBD). Destructive samplings were carried out for 85 days after
treatment (DAT). All the recorded data were statistically analysed by the analysis of
variance (ANOVA) using SAS 9.4 (2013). The result indicated significance difference
56
among the treatments, with T3 (Biochar Sago Bark 100%) which gave the highest value
of dry biomass (75.27g ) and cob weight (255.74 g), respectively as compared to the other
treatments and control. Overall, in terms of dry biomass, cobs weight, number of cob and
grade A cob, T3 significantly resulted in the highest mean values, followed by T4,
T2(p<0.005), respectively. The study reveals the potential underutilised sago waste
biochar to be used as an alternative soil amendment to elevate soil nutritional status and
soil quality based on its ability to increase sweet corn biomass and yield.
ID066
Service Excellence Attitudes for Sustainability
Boo Ho Voon1, Joshua E.H. Voon2, Ai Kiat Teo2
1Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sarawak Branch,
94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
2SMK DPHA Gapor, Stampin, 93350 Kuching, Sarawak.
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Service excellence, attitudes, performance, sustainability
An individual's attitude is crucial for his or her sustainable excellent performance. One
needs to believe, have, and do the right things to achieve and sustain the excellent level
of performance, including coping with the challenges during COVID-19 pandemic
consistently and continuously. However, there are various aspects that an individual
needs to correctly and holistically recognize and do accordingly, in line with the dynamic
changes in the situation or environment. An individual’s service excellence attitude
matters in order to cope with and suit the dynamic needs and changes for excellence.
What an individual has, does as well as the way he/she does things(s), will be the service
to himself/herself, others, nature, and super-nature. As such, an individual needs to
measure and be reminded of the various aspects of his or her service excellence attitudes
for the desired performance in various domains (e.g. personal happiness, work
performance) consistently and continuously. This paper presents the unique and holistic
measurement system for service excellence attitudes of the individuals for sustainability.
The social, economic, and natural elements were comprehensively conceptualized and
operationalized to potentially suit the cross-cultural and educational differences and
requirements, global dynamics, healthcare challenges and technological advancement.
The multi- item measurement scales were scientifically developed and empirically tested.
The self- evaluations of the individual’s service excellence attitudes using the MyServEx
Scales (15 measurement scales, each has 6 dimensions and 32 items) were explained
and discussed accordingly for sustainable performance. The limitations and future
direction for research and commercialization were discussed.
57
ID068
High-Value TVET: Development of Industry-Led Engineering Technology
Curriculum
Rudy Tawie1* and Tang Hing Kwong2
1Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA Sarawak Branch,
94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
2Department of Civil Engineering, Politeknik Kuching, 93050 Kota Samarahan,
Sarawak, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: TVET, Engineering Technology, IR4.0
This paper briefly explains the current scenario and perceptions towards Technical and
Vocational Education and Training (TVET) education in Malaysia and how TVET
graduates of engineering technology programmes can look forward to have internationally
accredited qualifications by the Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM). The new ETAC
Standard 2020 highlights the demands of Industrial Revolution 4.0 and the needs to
produce graduates with the knowledge and skills in relevant areas. Institutions of higher
learning should engage with the industry players, government agencies and subject
experts to develop high-value TVET programmes and this paper outlines the methodology
to develop industry-led Engineering technology curriculum.
ID069
Overcoming COVID-19 Challenges in Higher Education via Asynchronous
Learning
Ellen Chung
Faculty of Business and Management Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Sarawak
Jalan Meranek, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
*Corresponding author’s email: [email protected]
Keywords: Asynchronous learning, Google Classroom, YouTube videos, COVID-19
The COVID-19 pandemic has taken many educators and students off guard. Within a very
short time, teaching and learning process was moved online and this has changed the
education landscape drastically. However, in rural Sabah and Sarawak, internet
connectivity and limited internet quota remain the biggest challenges. This paper presents
the steps taken to use asynchronous learning in the face of the challenges brought about
by unstable and limited internet connectivity for two courses taught in UiTM Sarawak.
Google Classroom and YouTube videos were used to deliver Principles of Human
Resource Management and Organisational Behaviour. A total of 43 YouTubes videos
58
containing lectures were created and posted on two Google Classrooms for students to
access. The benefits of using YouTubes video include unlimited, ubiquitous and repeated
access allowed. Feedbacks from respondents showed that close to seven in every ten
students preferred using pre-recorded lectures uploaded to YouTube and Google
Classroom. There was no significant difference between males and females in their
preference. As online learning is likely to stay in the foreseeable future, asynchronous
learning using Google Classroom and YouTube should be continued as it presents several
benefits to students as it could overcome the issues of internet connectivity and limited
internet quota.
ID070
University Students’ Online Learning Satisfaction and Intention to Continue using
Online Learning During COVID-19
Ellen Chung*, Vloreen Nity Mathew
Faculty of Business and Management Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Sarawak,
Jalan Meranek, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: online learning satisfaction, intention to continue, COVID-19, internet
connection
The success of online learning programmes depends not only on students’ satisfaction
and experience, but also their intention to continue using it. This study is aimed at finding
out if university students’ gender, study programme, geographical locations and internet
connections have an effect on their online learning satisfaction and intention to continue
using online learning in the future during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data collected from
608 students using convenience sampling from several campuses of Universiti Teknologi
MARA Malaysia were analysed using frequency, crosstab, Chi Square, and multiple
regression analysis methods. The findings revealed that six in every ten respondents were
satisfied with their online learning, but the same number of students did not intend to
continue using online learning in the future. Female students, degree students, students
from East Malaysia of Sabah and Sarawak, and students with good internet connection
were satisfied with online learning. As for their intention to continue to use online learning
in the future, more males, diploma and West Malaysian students with average internet
connection did not intend to do so in the future. Apart from that, online learning satisfaction
is a significant predictor of students’ intention to continue with online learning in the future.
Direction for future studies and managerial implications of the study are also discussed.
59
ID071
Student Portfolio Implementation in Reflecting Program Outcome at Faculty of
Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
Clotilda Petrus1, Ruqayyah Ismail2*, Caroline Marajan1, Bahardin Baharom3,
Fariz Aswan Ahmad Zakwan2
1Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sarawak Branch, MALAYSIA
2Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Pulau Pinang, MALAYSIA
3Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Johor, MALAYSIA
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Student portfolio, program outcome, reflection learning, assessment,
e-portfolio.
Student learning portfolio is a very important document especially for a programme that is
subjected to the Engineering Accreditation Council (EAC) Malaysia from the Board of
Engineers. Compiling students’ activities throughout their study years has been
challenging, particularly in getting the student reflections and feedbacks for continuous
quality improvement purpose. Furthermore, managing and keeping hardcopy documents
can be tedious especially for large number of students as they require physical resources
and big spaces. Therefore, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Pulau
Pinang has developed an initiative to provide an online student portfolio for students. The
online student portfolio is designed to document students learning reflection such as the
cumulative Programme Outcomes, (PO) attainment and students’ progressive learning
performance development. By using Google Sites as the online platform, the
implementation of the student learning portfolio has been proven beneficial for both
students and the faculty. With this method, the students get to keep all the necessary
documents in one website. Besides that, the online student learning portfolio is very
useful, especially in seasons of pandemic like COVID-19, where economic solution is
required, and the availability of documentation online can be assessed remotely
60
ID072
The Development of Assessment Coversheet Integrating OBE for Documentation
in Quality Management System
Caroline Marajan*, Caroline Peter Diman, Clotilda Petrus, Maureen Neging,
Siti Zaidah Othman, Rudy Tawie
Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Sarawak,
94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Assessment coversheet, outcome-based education, accreditation, quality
management system
Proper documentation in gathering evidence for audits is a crucial process in any Quality
Management System (QMS). Various documentations are needed when it comes to
preparing for audits and accreditation for academic programmes in the institutions of
higher learning (IHL), which include documenting students’ performance, highlighting
areas of educational support, and identifying further actions or reflecting on OBE practices
for continual quality improvement (CQI). In a typical assessment, a coversheet template
is given to the students for submission in which the information is normally limited to the
students’ details and instructions. The assessment coversheet must be designed in such
a way that the course outcomes (COs) and programme outcomes (POs), respectively, are
addressed in each question or task. The assessment coversheet template should also
depict the level of difficulty for each question or task depending on the learning domains
which are to be assessed. The complexity of the COs and POs measurement process is
one of the reasons for inconsistencies in the documentation of students’ achievements
amongst lecturers. Therefore, Smart Integrated Outcome-based Education Assessment
Coversheet System (Smart iOBEx) is developed to standardize the assessment
coversheet with the COs aligned to the POs systematically. The system is developed in
Microsoft Excel using built in VBA (Visual Basic Application) functions where it will allow
users to properly select the course code, assessment types and insert the number of
questions with the addressed COs and POs. Hence, the developed system will
systematically document all the students’ performance and all aspects of the OBE
elements, to ensure clarity on the COs and POs that are being assessed in the QMS
documentation.
61
ID073
Managing Service Operations Through Total Operation Management in Service
(TOMS) Framework
Abg Hamizam Abang Mohar*, Firdaus Abdullah, Voon Boo Ho
Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sarawak Branch,
94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Service operations framework, service operations management, operation
capabilities, total operations management
Operations related studies in the past have been overshadowed by manufacturing
practices, in which the management approaches were based on specific functional
segregations that are commonly associated with manufacturing organizations structures.
Though, such approaches should naturally apply to services, emulating such practices
might not be effective due to the inherent uniqueness in delivering a service of producing
a product. This warranted a need to identify a mechanism as an approach in service
operations management (SOM). The procedures include literature reviews, interviews,
expert opinions, pilot test, multivariate test of normality, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA),
Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), Pearson Correlation Analysis, Reliability Test,
Validity Tests and Multiple Regression Analysis. Executives from the service industries
participated in the study. The study revealed seven factors; System Delivery, Human
Delivery, Technological Applications, Service Quality Culture, Customers Oriented
Layout, Service Design and Employees Management, which are a requirement for an
Integrative Total Operations Management in Service (TOMS) environment. Further
unidimensionality, reliability and validity analysis concluded the fit well model and it
represented a reasonably close approximation in the population. The findings painted new
perspectives and alternative platforms in service operations management (SOM). It also
provides a basis for further empirical works in SOM, a platform for hypotheses
developments and theoretical testing.
62
ID074
Validating Cultural Landscape in a Non-Homogenous Population
Ida Izumi Abdollah, Firdaus Abdullah, Voon Boo Ho
Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Sarawak,
94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Malaysian consumer culture, cultural frameworks, multiethnic population,
religiosity, ethnic Identity
Culture has been playing a significant role in human lives, affecting behaviour and
decision making. Cultural frameworks are applied to understand, contrast, and interpret
cultures. These frameworks that represent population homogeneity, are however not a
complete yardstick to explain populations that are distinct and ethnically diverse. These
frameworks are initially designed to measure something other than cultural differences yet
reinterpreted to reflect cultural dimensions. The study is an effort to fill the gap of the
existing frameworks towards explaining consumer cultural behaviours in the multi-ethnic
population. The procedures include literature reviews, focus group interviews, expert
opinions, pilot test, multivariate test of normality, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA),
Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), Pearson Correlation Analysis, Reliability Test,
Validity Tests and Multiple Regression Analysis. More than 1000 consumers from different
ethnics participated in the study. The findings revealed seven factors, which are Selfness,
Religiosity, Humanity, Communion, Ethnic Identity, Moralistic and Environmentalism. The
factors have been empirically tested for unidimensionality, reliability and validity, which
clearly indicated a good model fit. The findings put a new perspective into the relevancy
of adopting a concept of national culture in explaining cultural behaviours. It also
suggested that consumers tend to prefer brands with compatible abstract meanings as a
function of Religiosity, Selfness, Humanity, Communion, Ethnic identity, Moralistic and
Environmentalism, in which such associations are seen from simultaneous perspectives
of preservation of individual’s life, society and nature. The findings also provided a useful
input for marketer towards focusing and directing marketing efforts for optimum outcomes.
63
ID075
Antimicrobial Assessment of Crude Extract of Epidermal Mucus from Hybrid
Climbing Perch (Anabas testudineus) on Aeromonas hydrophila and
Vibrio alginolyticus
Aiman Shafiq Zahari1, Ruhil Hayati Hamdan1*, Ain Auzureen Mat Zin1, Maizan
Mohamed1, Tan Li Peng1, Nora Faten Afifah Mohamad1, Sharifah Raina Manaf2*
1Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Malaysia Kelantan City Campus Pengkalan
Chepa, 16100, Kota Bharu, Kelantan Malaysia
2Faculty of Plantation and Agrotechnology, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan
Sarawak, K.M. 7.5 Jalan Oya, 96400, Mukah, Sarawak, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected], [email protected]
Keywords: Epidermal mucus extract, antibacterial activity, Anabas testudineus,
Aeromonas hydrophila, Vibrio alginolyticus
Due to proliferation of bacteria resistance, specified antimicrobial agents that were used
widely in aquaculture, were partially effective against fish pathogens. Bacterial infection
threat was greatly affected by the occurrence of Vibriosis and Aeromonas which may
cause a huge outbreak and a production loss. The issue of this study was to determine
the antibacterial activity of hybrid Anabas testudineus epidermal mucus extracts against
Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio alginolyticus. The hybrid A. testudineus is believed to
possess even better antimicrobial properties as compared to purebred. The epidermal
mucus from 20 fish was collected after being provoked with hypothermic stress stimulation
at -20℃. 100mg of lyophilized epidermal mucus and layer (EML) were added into 100ml
of aqueous, acidic 1% acetic acid and acidic with 95% ethanolic extracts and were
prepared in two different volumes, 50 µL and 100 µL. Well agar diffusion test assay on
Mueller Hinton agar was for both extracts against A. hydrophilaand V. alginolyticus. The
data revealed that 50 µL of acetic acid extract produced an intermediate activity of
antibacterial against both bacteria while, 100 µL acetic acid extract showed a high
antibacterial activity against V. alginolyticus and A. hydrophila. Ethanolic extract
developed a moderate antibacterial activity with A. hydrophila but V. alginolyticus has
strong activity. However, there was no antibacterial activity in aqueous extract. In the
present study, acidic crude extract of epidermal mucus is taken from hybrid A. testudineus
possesses antibacterial properties and has the potential for therapeutic application in
aquaculture.
64
ID076
E-learning as a Way to Teach During the COVID-19 Pandemic
*Obsatar Sinaga, Mohd Haizam, Eka Angga, Rima Rachmawati, Suskim Riantani
Widyatama University, Jawa Barat 40125, Indonesia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: e-learning; COVID-19 pandemic; teach.
This study describes online learning at Widyatama University Indonesia. The survey
results explained the learning activities from several aspects. The aspects in question are
activities in one week, types of activities and active hours in one day. The use of online
lectures has helped overcome the difficulties of face-to-face learning during the pandemic.
ID077
Earthquake Detection Named SeGUT D-001
Widyatama University’s Innovation
Udin Komarudin*, Martoni, Nia Nuraeni, Marisa Hirary, Adhita Prasetia, Heru Santoso
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Widyatama University, Jawa Barat 40125, Indonesia
*Corresponding email: [email protected]
Keywords: Earthquakes; Detection; Innovation; SeGUT D-001
From 2012 to 2019, Indonesia has experienced 4506 earthquakes in which the Bandung
area had experienced earthquakes with a magnitude of 6 to 8. Widyatama University has
a vision to contribute in solving community problems through community service activities.
In 2019, a team of inventors has created an earthquake detection tool called
SeGUT D-001. This tool has been used in several areas in West Java. It is hoped that
this tool can also be used by people outside of West Java and even, abroad, especially
those who are also facing earthquake problems.
65
ID078
Factors That Influence Sarawak Local Authorities’s Performance
Siti Mardinah binti Abdul Hamid*, Jamil bin Hamali, Firdaus Abdullah
Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Sarawak,
94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: performance, performance measure, local authorities
This paper provides an empirical study on factors that influenced the performance of civil
servants in Sarawak Local Authorities. It explores the benefits of performance
measurement and discusses the factors that influenced performance for Local Authorities
in providing excellent service delivery, in accordance to the vision, to provide world class
civil service in Sarawak. This paper also presents several issues which are affecting the
performance of Local Authorities and their usage in performance measurement. Findings
from this study could assist in the identification of factors that will influence the
performance significantly and provide recommendations that would effectively improve
the performance of Local Authorities in Sarawak.
ID079
Cultural Heritage Conservation of Iban Longhouse Homestay
*Catherine Pangkas, Thalany Kamri
Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Sarawak,
94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: cultural heritage, conservation, Iban Longhouse homestay, willingness-to-pay
Cultural heritage holds a great value for tourism industry. Although economic valuation for
non-marketed goods in cultural heritage has been applied extensively in the economic
field, it is still considered rare in Malaysia. This paper contributes to the understanding on
the economic valuation of cultural heritage towards Iban Longhouse Homestay in
Sarawak. This is significant to reduce the indifference between the level of management
of Iban Longhouse Homestay Operators and the anticipation among tourists. Hence, this
paper provides the importance of economic valuation on cultural heritage conservation for
the improvement of Iban Longhouse Homestay in Sarawak. Discussions on the attributes
and range of potential methods used for this purpose will also be included in this paper.
.
66
ID080
Resident Support for Sustainable Cultural Heritage Tourism Development in
Sarawak: Perceived Tourism Benefits and QOL perspectives
Ida anak Ingko
Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Sarawak,
94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Cultural Heritage tourism, perceived tourism impacts, QOL, support for
sustainable tourism development, social exchange theory
Tourism industry brings in economic, environmental, and socio-cultural benefits which
contribute to the revitalization of the local communities and improve the standard of life
among local communities. Thus, to achieve a successful and sustainable tourism
development, community leaders and developers need to view tourism as a ‘community
industry’ as this enables local communities to actively decide and plan future tourism
development. This study examines how the residents perceived tourism benefits on
cultural heritage tourism impacts. It also emphasizes the quality of life (QOL) as a
mediation factor in examining its relationship with how the residents of Kuching perceived
tourism benefits and their support towards sustainable tourism development (SSTD). This
study is a quantitative study, and the questionnaires were distributed to cultural heritage
related communities in Kuching city, to represent Sarawak. Due to the importance in
knowing the support of empirical evidence with regards to local community’s perception
towards their support to tourism development, this study tested the relationship of SSTD
model between the perceived benefits and QOL in the framework of sustainable tourism
development.
ID081
Place Attachment towards Destination Image and Pro Tourism Behaviour
*Sherrymina Kichin, Jati Kasuma Ali
Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Sarawak,
94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Destination Image, Pro Tourism Behaviour, Place Attachment, Resident
In today’s competitive environment, many tourism businesses focus on effective branding
as part of their destination marketing strategies. As such, destination image is
acknowledged as a powerful tool for tourism and as an important indicator to increase the
flow of tourists to a destination. Nonetheless, the perspectives of residents which will
constantly be regarded as one of the most important stakeholders in the sustainability of
67
tourism destinations, tend to be largely overlooked by the researchers. On top of that, little
attention has been given on how the residents’ attachment to a particular place could
contribute to better image perceptions and subsequently, influence their pro tourism
behaviour. Drawing on Social Exchange Theory and Internal Branding Theory, this study
takes a broader perspective to investigate the moderation effect of place attachment
towards the relationship between destination image and pro tourism behaviour among the
residents in Kuching, Sarawak. The study adopted a quantitative approach via the use of
hardcopy and online questionnaires. A total sample size of 500 were selected using
purposive sampling technique. PLS-SEM was performed using SmartPLS 3.0 to analyze
the data. Ultimately, the research novelty lies on the abilities of this current study to come
out with a clear and holistic destination image from the local residents’ perspectives, as
well as understanding on the notion of how place attachment could assist the residents to
perceive the destination image positively and contribute to being pro in tourism.
ID082
Identifying Community Involvement in Sustaining Community-based Tourism
(CBT) Among the Ibans Community in Sarawak
*Francesca Enchang, Jati Kasuma Ali
Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Sarawak,
94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: community-based tourism, homestay, Ibans community, educational, training
Tourism industry is known as one of the largest economic sectors in most of the countries
and highly contributes to the economic growth in Malaysia. Community-Based Tourism
(CBT) is a new agenda in tourism study that involves local community, who also
participate in the tourism development within their area. Homestay programme is one of
the tourism activities that is based on community involvement and it has the potential to
expand and develop the rural community. In 2019, there were 582 homestay operators in
Sarawak. Demands on the needs to train the homestay operators have been increasing
to fulfill and understand the expectations of the visitors, which are in line with the country’s
vision and mission. Thus, by applying the Social Exchange Theory and Theory of Planned
Behavior, this study applies qualitative method with the aim to identify the impact of
education and training towards CBT, especially among the Iban community in Sarawak.
The preliminary research findings indicated that unity among the community is the most
important element as it involves teamwork and acceptance of CBT. Basic facilities are
also significant for the tourists to feel convenient and safe. Leadership is also seen as
crucial because the community really rely on their leaders to make decisions. Finally,
another crucial aspect is ‘education and training’. These community members are mostly
farmers, housewives and fisherman, who lack education. It is very important to provide
the short courses or training so that they may refer to CBT, to enhance empowerment and
to improve the community in the future.
68
ID083
Big Data Analytics Capabilities Drive Firm Performance Mediated by Dynamic
Capabilities.
Maklen Ali, Jati Kasuma Ali, Yasmin Kamall Khan
Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Sarawak,
94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Big data analytics capabilities, firm performance, dynamic capabilities,
business insights
Outstanding firm performance is the goal. Propelling, sustaining and continuously growing
into exceptional performances in either favourable economic environment or otherwise,
like COVID-19 pandemic, are imperative and central for any firms. Business insights are
crucial elements to formulate effective business strategies and in gaining the competitive
edge. In today’s competitive business landscapes, critical data sets are important and vital
for making strategic decisions to be relevant in the market. Presently, Ishrawappa and
Anuradha (2015) highlighted that data come in huge volumes, very fast in velocity, has
diverse varieties, full of veracities, and with genuine values. Gone were the days where
guts feelings and intuitions are used in managing business. Managing real-time data is
the norm that produces better predictions, smarter decisions, and more-effective
interventions in winning business equations. Firms with appropriate and worthwhile big
data analytics capabilities and in sync with the dynamic maneuvering capabilities, will be
able to fulfill the ever-changing customers’ needs and requirements. This study discusses
what ticks to be a successful firm with big data analytics, with resource-based theory by
Barney (1991) and dynamic capabilities theory by David Teece, Gary Pisano, and Amy
Shuen (1997) as the essential factors of sustainable and competitive advantage in the
open market.
ID084
Altruism as Motivational Factor Leads of Individual Social Entrepreneur in
Business Sustainability
Aloh Elis, Jati Kasuma Ali, Norlina Mohamed Noor
Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Sarawak,
94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Social entrepreneurship, social venture, social entrepreneurs, biological
altruism, psychological altruism.
A study of social entrepreneurship is relatively still a new subject to explore, especially in
Malaysian context where the activities are still at ground level and little is known to the
community. While the main goal of conventional enterprises is towards creating wealth
and gaining profits, social enterprises emphasize on the contribution towards society and
community as their main priority is to set up the business. The main objective of this study
69
is to explore the roles of biological and psychological altruism as the motivational factors
that influence individual entrepreneurs to be involved in social entrepreneurship, leading
to the sustainability of the business. This study was conducted based on the interpretive
paradigm through qualitative approach. In depth semi structured interviews were
conducted by identifying social entrepreneurs, particularly Sarawakians who have
experienced the phenomenon and are still active in their businesses. Since social
entrepreneurship is rather new in Malaysia, this phenomenology is useful in the current
study by looking into the perceptions, perspectives, understanding, and feelings of those
entrepreneurs who have started their social venture and gained potentials to play pivotal
roles in the Malaysian transformation programme. They could give benefits to the society
and environment in a long term. The findings from this study can provide better
understanding on altruistic behaviour and can be used as tips and tools by the policy
makers, government agencies and industries, to formulate plans and strategies in
enhancing the development of social enterprises in Malaysia.
ID085
Systematic Literature Review on The Relationship Between Islamic Spiritual
Intelligence and Business Success
*Awang Moslem Awang Annuar, Jati Kasuma Ali
Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Sarawak,
94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: relationship effect, Islam, business success, entrepreneur
The discussions on the relationship between religion and entrepreneurship have been
well established since the work of Weber in 1930. However, the studies between
entrepreneurship and religion were mostly carried out on Christianity and less attention
on other religions. It is not just underrepresented in the relevant entrepreneurship
literature, it is also neglected and overlooked by researchers from the Islamic perspective.
Even though there are studies in Islamic entrepreneurship, there are still very few scholars
who have reviewed this area systematically. Therefore, this study has conducted a
systematic literature review using adaption strategies on the relationship between Islamic
Spiritual Intelligence and business success. This systematic literature was adapted and
guided by ROSES (Reporting Standard for Systematic Evidence Syntheses) review
protocol. The articles were collected from Scopus dan Web of Science databases through
identification, screening, and eligibility processes. The results of this study were extracted
and published using thematic analysis. This study offers several significant contributions
to the body of knowledge and practical purposes, especially for Muslim entrepreneurs.
70
ID086
Programme Outcomes Assessment for E-Learning Laboratory Based Engineering
Course During COVID-19 Pandemic
*Lannie Francis, Farah Hafifiee Ahmad
Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Sarawak,
94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: Programme Outcome (PO); E-learning Laboratory; COVID-19; Civil
Engineering Education
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the institution of higher learning as some teaching
and learning activities have to halt due to safety of the students and lecturers.
Consequently, an increasing number of universities have taken the necessary steps to
transform their teaching, including laboratory into an online mode of delivery. The
assessment and evaluation are becoming crucial in determining whether a Programme
Outcome (PO) is achieved through online learning. This paper presents the assessment
of PO for the laboratory-based course and students’ feedback of the Diploma in Civil
Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sarawak Campus, Malaysia during the
transition to fully online learning. The students’ experiences and feedback were evaluated
after 15 weeks. The result showed that there is an increased positivity among the students
on the struggle of teaching and learning during the pandemic. It was found that online
learning would not be a hindrance but a blessing towards academic excellence in the face
of COVID-19 pandemic. The results of POs showed an average mark for PO4 and PO6,
before and after the pandemic and they were almost similar. The suggested future
research direction will be of interest to educators, academics and researchers.
ID087
Comparative Study on PO Attainment in Soil Engineering Course During
COVID-19 Pandemic at Faculty of Civil Engineering, Sarawak Branch
Farah Hafifee Ahmad*, Lannie Francis.
Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Sarawak,
94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords: PO attainment, program outcome, COVID-19, pandemic, i-RAS
Earlier this year, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the educational system worldwide,
causing the closures of schools and higher educational institutions. Higher educational
institutions have implemented Online Distance Learning (ODL), replacing the face-to-face
method in learning. Statistics shows that approximately 1.723 billion learners have been
affected due to school closures in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. In connection
71
The words you are searching are inside this book. To get more targeted content, please make full-text search by clicking here.
InnoSTRE 2020 Conference Book
Discover the best professional documents and content resources in AnyFlip Document Base.
Search