Malaysian People & Culture

Malaysia People &
Culture

PREPARED BY: MUHAMMAD HAFIZUL BIN FAIROOZ
(29DUP22F1028)

PREPARED FOR :MISS SURAYAHANIM
COURSE CODE : DTM10093 (TOURISM MALAYSIA)

Content

A Malay Community B Chinese Community

C Indian Community D Baba Nyonya Community

E Indigenous Community

F Sabah Ethic Community

G Sarawak Ethic Community

Education in
Malaysia

The education system is divided into :
preschooleducation
primary education
secondary education
post-secondary education
tertiary education
It is further divided into national and private
education. Education may be obtained from
the multilingual national school system, which
provides free educationfor all Malaysians, or
private schools, or through homeschooling.

Malay Community

History of Malay
Community

The Malays were largely Hinduized before
they were converted to Islam in the 15th
century.
Much of the Malay Peninsula is covered by
jungle, and the villages, with populations
from 50 to 1,000, are located along rivers
and coasts or on roads.

Religion & Language

Religion : Islam ☪️
Language : Bahasa Melayu (Austronesian language
that is an official language of Brunei, Indonesia,
Malaysia, and Singapore, and that is also spoken in
East Timor and parts of the Philippines and
Thailand).

Food

Nasi lemak,coconut Rendang,often described as a Satay , a Southeast
rice dish served with rich dish of meat-most Asian dish of
various eggs (either commonly beef that has been seasoned, skewered
done sunny side up slow cooked and braised in a
or boiled), sambal
sotong, rendang, coconut milk seasoned with a and grilled meat,
ayam goreng, etc. herb and spice mixture,until the
liquids evaporate and the meat served with a sauce.

turns dark brown and tender,

becoming caramelized and

infused with rich flavours.

Traditional Attire

Baju kurung , loose-fitting Baju melayu , a loosely Baju kebaya , a traditional
full length dress, fitting shirt with long blouse-dress
consisting of a skirt and a sleeves, worn with long combination. Sometimes,
blouse. The skirt is made pants with a "samping" it is made from sheer
from a long cloth with which is wrapped around material such as silk, thin
folding on one side. The the middle of the body cotton or semi-
blouse is collarless, long from the stomach to the transparent nylon or
sleeves, and extends to knee and sometimes polyester, adorned with
between the hips and lower. brocade or floral pattern
knees. embroidery

Traditional Dance

Zapin , a Malay dance Dikir Barat is a blend of Malay Belonging to the
popular in the Malaysian music, dance and poetry. It is Terengganu
states of Johor, Pahang usually performed during the state of Malaysia,
and Selangor. The Middle harvest season and on family Ulek Mayang is a
Eastern Arab traders functions. ritualistic dance
introduced this dance of to please the
Malaysia in the 14th spirits of the sea.
century.

Music

Kompang , a traditional Gamelan , a style of music Gendang , a two-headed drum used by
Balinese and Javanese originated from people from the Indonesian
musical instrument part of Indonesia,performed in ethnic Archipelago. Kendang is one of the
gamelan in the percussion Malay-populated regions of primary instruments used in the
family originated from the Indonesia(particularly in North Gamelan ensembles of Javanese,
Indonesian region of Sumatra, Riau and Riau Islands) Sundanese, and Balinese, the Kendang
Ponorogo in East Java. and Malaysia (particularly in ensemble as well as various
Pahang, Terengganu and Kulintangensembles in Indonesia,
Johor) as well. Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore, and the
Philippines.

Custom and Tradition

Malay weddings are a grand Traditionally Malay houses in The most significant
affair, the most important the villages (kampung) are celebration for Muslims, Eid Ul-
part of Malay wedding is constructed of wood (timber) Fitri, marks the end of the
the Bersanding where the and palm-leaves (attap). It is fasting month of Ramadan. The
couple is seated next to built on a platform that is raised words ‘Hari Raya’ means day of
each other on a sofa called on stilts. celebration in Malay language.
the Pelamin. This is a mark
of approval and blessing.

Traditional Game

Batu seremban involves at Congkak , a traditional game Long pole , a kind of traditional
least two players or more. It of the Malay community that is game played on a court drawn
is traditionally engaged in often played during free time. on empty ground. The created
with a few small round Usually, it uses a wooden court contains 2 columns and
stones or pebbles. Besides board with holes or holes on several rows depending on the
small stones, a small the ground and usually the number of players. If the side
triangular or round-shaped fruit of congkak uses rubber on the court has wisdom on
cloth. seeds or marbles. the court, then they can win
easily.

CHINESE
COMMUNITY

HISTORY OF
CHINESE
COMMUNITY

Most Chinese Malaysians are
descendants of 19th and early 20th
century immigrants who came as
traders, laborers and miners during
British colonial rule.
Many of the Chinese in Malaysia were
brought in by the British in the 19th
century to work the tin mines and
rubber plantations as laborers.

RELIGION & LANGUAGE

Most Malaysian Chinese Mandarin is generally
follow Mahayana spoken by the Chinese in
Buddhism or Chinese Malaysia, but Hokkien is
traditional religion the biggest Chinese
(including Taoism, dialect in the country,
Confucianism, and followed by Cantonese,
ancestor worship). Hakka, Teochew, Fuzhou,
Hainanese and Foochow.

FOOD

Chai tew kway , a common dish Char kuey teow ,a stir Curry mee , a Maritime
or dim sum of Teochew cuisine in fried rice noodle dish Southeast Asian spicy
from Maritime Southeast noodle soup garnished
Chaoshan, China. It is also Asia and is of southern with various toppings. In
popular in Indonesia, Singapore, Johor and Singapore, it is
Malaysia, Thailand, Taiwan and Chinese origin. sometimes called curry

Vietnam, consisting of stir- laksa
friedcubes of radish cake.

Traditional Attire

Cheongsam Tang suit Samfoo

It is featured by stand collar, right side opening, loose a type of jacket that has a collar and a a style of casual dress worn by
chest, fitting waist and slip bottom which can set off knot at the belly and is mostly floral. It Chinese women &
the beauty of female shape. Cheongsam is easy to slip has been named after the Tang empire,
on and comfortable to wear. by overseas Chinese people. manconsisting of a waisted
blouse and trousers.

Fan Dance Long Silk
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Traditional Dance

Music

Xiao Paigu Jinghu
a Chinesebowed string instrument in the
a Chinese vertical end-blown a set of three to seven tuned drums huqin family, used primarily in Beijing
flute. It is generally made of traditionally made of wood with
animal skin heads. It is played by opera. It is the smallest and highest
bamboo beating the heads with sticks. pitched instrument in the huqin family.

Chingay Chap Goh Lion
Parade Meh Dance

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Custom & Tradition

Traditional Game

Mahjong Yoyo Xiang Qi

A game that originated a toy from China consisting of a Chinese board game played
in China, commonly two equally-sized discs by two players. Xiangqi is in the
played by four players
connected with a long axle. same familywith chess.

INDIAN
COMMUNITY

HISTORY OF
INDIAN
COMMUNITY

Indian Malaysians are Malaysian citizens
of Indian or South Asianancestry.
Today, they form the third-largest
group in Malaysia after the Malays and
the Chinese.
Most are descendants of those who
migrated from India during the British
Malayaera from the early 19th to mid-
20th centuries.

RELIGION & LANGUAGE

Mostly consist of Tamils follow The majority of Indians in
Hinduism as the main faith. Malaysia are Tamils, and they

Hinduism and Buddhism were speak Tamil. Other Indian
brought to the Malay Peninsula languages in Malaysia are
from India around the 2nd century Telugu, Malayalam, Hindi,

AD . Punjabi and Gujarati.

Religion Language

FOOD

FISH HEAD CURRY CHICKEN CHETTINAD BIRYANI

a Singaporean dish deriving a classic Indian recipe, from the a style of
from a hybrid of Indian and cuisine of Chettinad, Tamil Nadu. It biryanifrom
Chinese ethnic cuisines.The Hyderabad, India
consists of chickenmarinated in made with basmati
yogurt, turmeric and a paste of red riceand meat
head of a red snapper is chillies, kalpasi, coconut, poppy seeds,
stewed in a curry with coriander seeds, cumin seeds, fennel

assorted vegetables such as seeds, black pepper, ground nuts,
okra and eggplants. onions, garlic and gingelly oil.

TRADITIONAL ATTIRE

Saree Kurta Dhoti

a four or five-meter-long Kurta is simply constructed of two a rectangular piece of cloth,

cloth. Its texture is from rectangular pieces of fabric, one is for the usually white or cream in
ordinary cotton to silk, mostly front and another one is for the back. They color. A dhoti resembles
usually open in the front with button or tie
thin and soft. closures in the middle of the garment or just trousers but is made of

off to one side. unsewn fabric.

Bharatanatyam Odissi Kathak
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Traditional Dance

Carnatic MUSIC Punjabi

Hindustani

a system of music commonly also be called North Indian classical Reflects the traditions of the
associated with South India, music or, in Hindustani, shastriya Punjab region of the
including the modern Indian
states of Karnataka, Andhra sangeet (śāstriya saṅgīt). It is played Subcontinent, with East Punjab in
Pradesh, Telangana, Kerala in instruments like the violin, sitar and India, and West Punjab in

and Tamil Nadu, and Sri sarod. Its origins from the 12th Pakistan.Contemporary Punjabi
Lanka. century CE, when it diverged from music has tended to include more
Carnatic music, the classical tradition modern hip-hop and R&Bsounds.

in South India.

Celebration Food Influence Literature

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Custom & Tradition

Traditional Game

Chathuranga Cards Pallanguli

The game of chess originated in India in the The Indian origin of playing cards is traced Played in the southern
from the resemblance of symbols on some India. It is called the
m6th century. Chess comprises of three early European cards like ring, sword, cup and gambling game by men.
baton depicted in the four hands of Indian
animals- horse, camel and elephant, knight,
bishop and rook in chess. statues.

BABA &
NYONYA

History of Baba &
Nyonya Community

Baba-Nyonya ethnicity first originated from
Malacca when Malacca was an important
trading port along the Maritime Silk Road from
China to India during the Malacca Sultanate
(1400-1511 AD).
Due to long term disconnection with China,
the Baba-Nyonya traditionally speaks Malay
with a smattering of Hokkien words. They also
developed their own unique Peranakan
Chinese culture which is a mixture of Chinese
and Malay culture.

RELIGION LANGUAGE

While most of the Baba Nyonyacommunities Baba Malay is the language of the Babas and
subscribe to the traditional Chinese beliefs Nyonyas or the Chinese the Peranakan from
such as Taoism, Confucianism and Buddhism, the former Straits of Settlement of Singapore,
a small portion of the community are Melaka, and Penang. This unique language
Christians and Catholics. may be classified as a creole, which is a

unique lamngouargee born of contact between

two or more languages.

Food

Laksa Nyonya Ayam Pongteh Udang Masak Lemak
Nenas
It is traditionally made with a fish- a succulent meat dish of stewed
based gravy of prawns, often chicken and potatoes in a heavy a rich, creamy dish made with
gravy sauce, commonly served prawns and pineapple, is
combined with chicken, and served
with thick rice noodles or thin with steamed rice. traditionally prepared for Chinese
New Year feasts and at family
reunions.

Baju Panjang Kasot Manek Kebaya Encim
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BasaadjuraaonpKndutger3ud(nbkfgaer.otrioImktswiasthnrwaegpon(-rbanartrowiovoeuitcnhMhdeaasslb)ka.iarytt's)ik

Traditional Attire

TRADITIONAL DANCE

Fan Dance traditionally has been Umbrella dance ,a traditional
performed by groups of female dance that came from
dancers. In the dance performance,
the dancers in lavish costumes Minangkabau, West Sumatra.
represented various designs and This dance describes love and
shapes using large fans made of tells of a story of 2 people being

colorful silk or satin. in a romantic relationship.

Music

Dondang Sayang Keroncong

This song usually sings in party or It is the name of a ukulele-type
wedding by guests. Baba and Nyonya instrument and an Indonesian musical
singer will exchange extemporaneous style that typically makes use of the
Malay Pantun (poetry) on the spot. "chrong-chrong-chrong"sound that
comes from this instrument.

Food Influence Marriage Political Affinity
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Custom & Tradition

Teaditional Game

Cheki Congkak

This game is similar to western “Gin Rummy” this game comes from Malay culture,
and Chinese “Mahjong”. This game can allow 2 but adapt byBaba-Nyonya culture. This
to 6 people to play at the same time, and there game can only allow two players at a

are 60 cards in a deck. time.

INDIGENOUS
COMMUNITY

HISTORY OF INDIGENOUS
COMMUNITY

Genetic studies date Malaysia's Orang Asli
back to India somewhere between 42,000 to
63,000 years ago.
After settling in Malaysia, they adapted to the
jungle where they lived almost undisturbed for
thousands of years. This makes the Orang Asli,
or 'Original People', Malaysia's oldest
inhabitants.

RELIGION & LANGUAGE

Native Religion known generally as The Orang Asal have their own
paganism, is one of the many religions of religions and customs, as well
Malaysia. Referred to locally as “agama as unique languages. The
asal”, it is practiced largely by the languages spoken are
complex and diverse communities that generally from the
comprise the indigenous minority of Austronesian and Austroasiatic
Malaysia. It is a comprehensive system of language families.
beliefs closely connected to nature and
the earth.

Food

Pucuk Rebung Ikan Pais Ayam Dalam Buluh
The Semai and Temuan tribes marinate
a shoot that is often fried The banana-leaf package containing food is the jungle fowl with thinly sliced daun
with some chilli and has a secured with lidi seumat (a small nail made semomok, salt, chilli and turmeric. Then it
pleasant cabbage-like taste. from the central ribs of coconut leaves), and
is stuffed into bamboo and roasted over
then steamed or grilled on charcoal. fire

Orang Ulu Kadazan Iban

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Traditional Attire

TRADITIONAL DANCE

Pride of the Iban Sumazau is a revered
community, Ngajat is a folk dance in Sabah and
family dance rooted in the
Sarawak state of Malaysia. Malaysia. It is a
It was first performed in traditional dance of the
two unified communities
the 16th century to called “Kadazan Dusun.”
celebrate battle victories.

Temuan Kereb Krem

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sMmlaiabmtrloaoiboynasgtiluatb.hee HtruziabtitgathyrleopprueeppoolaopfyflbeetasdhmeobfbOyoMtrohaaenltaugJybasAehiasl.i

Music

Custom & Tradition

Language Lifestyle Artwork
The indigenous languages found on the peninsular Although many are now
side of Malaysia can be divided into three major settled due to the intrusion of The Orang Asal of East
language groups: the Negrito, Senoi, and Malayic modern life, some remain semi- Malaysia are known for their
(also known as Proto-Malay) nomadic. artwork such as wooden masks.

TRADITIONAL GAME

Kercang Tenangkol

This game is usually made of rattan arranged in Tenangkol is a game that
layers according to the level of difficulty. This game need someone to lift a friend

was popular among the natives and Malays who behind the body
lived in and around the Endau Rompin forest once

upon a time.

Sabah
Community