ASSIGNMENT 1 BQS554 BUILDING SERVICES GROUP 6

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA, SHAH ALAM
FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING & SURVEYING
BACHELOR OF QUANTITY SURVEYING (HONS) (AP224)

MULTI STOREY SMART HOME





A CASE STUDY ON VIVACITY JAZZ 3
APARTMENT KUCHING 125, SARAWAK

BQS 554 (BUILDING SERVICES II)

GROUP MEMBERS



ALVIN HARLEY ANAK AHONG (2021505339)
SEBASTIAN ANAK STENLY (2021505033)
DEBORAH RACHEL ANAK NELSON (2021393473)
KAIRUNNISA BINTI MOSTAPHA (2021196661)
LLIYANA SYAZLEEN BINTI SUHERMANTO (2021504893)

• 10 JANUARY 2021 • AP224 4B

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE 1 INTRODUCTION

PAGE 2-7 FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM

PAGE 8-14 ELECTRICAL SUPPLY SYSTEM

STNETNOC PAGE 15- 21 SPECIAL SERVICE SYSTEM

PAGE 22-29 MECHANICAL HANDLING
SYSTEM

PAGE 30-36 AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

PAGE 37 CONCLUSION

PAGE 39-39 REFERENCES

INTRODUCTION

Each building is equipped with For this assignment purposes, Vivacity Jazz 3
Apartment Kuching 125 have been selected as
several types of building services case study building which is an apartment that
give a comfy experience for the users. This
systems, which are selected based apartment is located around the center of
Kuching Sarawak and near at the Vivacity
on the building's specifications. Megamall Kuching. This apartment also has a
various type of facilities such as gym, mini food
IBuilding services installation is stores, swimming pool, rest room, and many
required for all types of structures more. Apart from that, this apartment also a
in order to guarantee that they combined partnership between the owner of
function efficiently. A building the Vivacity Megamall and the owner of the
service system is an add-on that apartment itself. The strategic location of this
improves the building's use and apartment is really the best place to stay due to
the comfort of its users. There are it near to the mall that can make the users of
many different types of building the apartment can spend their quality time
services systems that have been with their family without spending more money
accepted all over the world, for their transport to go to shopping or a walk
inside a mall. This apartment completely
particularly in today's world occupied the same day as the mall officially
opened for public. This comfy apartment has
where many advanced building nine level including ground level and the
futuristic design that can attract many people
services systems have been to experience the best accommodation
complete with other facilities.
established in modern countries.
PAGE 1
Example of building services

systems are fire protection

system, electrical supply system,

telecommunication system,

ventilation system, mechanical

handling system and others.

For someone involved in the
construction industry, gathering,
and studying information on prior
successful projects, the newest
technologies, designs, and so on
is vital in order to expose them to
the many building services
systems that are accessible all
over the world. Furthermore, it is
critical for someone working in
the construction industry, such as
a mechanical engineer or a
quantity surveyor, to have a deep
understanding of conventional
and advanced building systems in
order to suggest an appropriate
building system for a future
project.

FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM -SMOKE DETECTOR METSYS GNITHGIF ERIF

THE APPLICATION

Generally, there are two common recognized smoke
technologies which are the ionization smoke
detection which is more responsive to flaming fires
and photoelectric smoke detection which is more
responsive to slow smouldering fire. The smart
smoke detector is proposed for apartment building
due to its function as to detects the presence of
smoke as a key indicator of a fire and alerts home
occupants. Smart smoke detectors work similarly to
traditional smoke detectors in that they sound an
alarm when smoke or fire is detected and provide
as much warning as possible for home occupants to
evacuate in the event of a fire. The leisureliest way
to understand how smart smoke detectors work is
to think of them as Wi-Fi smoke detectors. In
addition, smart smoke detectors have an advantage
in that they link to an app on the smartphone and
can send a notification to your smartphone when
the alarm is triggered even if the home occupants
are not at home. They can also be linked to the
home security system and monitored by a central
station to alert the home occupants and the fire
department of an alarm in the home. Furthermore,
some of these systems can also turn on the lights
and provide instructions on what to do if there is a
fire. It can also attach a camera to the smart smoke
detector to record footage of the occurrence and
analyse the location of the fire's origin. Carbon
monoxide (CO) detection is also available on some
models. It is important to install the smart smoke
detectors to all area of the proposed multi-storey
smart home because detector placement is critical
to early warning functions and ensure the safety of
the occupants.

PAGE 2

FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM -SMOKE DETECTOR METSYS GNITHGIF ERIF

THE INSTALLATION PROCESS

The conventional installation of smart smoke
detectors depends on whether they are battery-
powered or hard-wired.The easiest to install are
battery-powered smart smoke detectors, which
can be mounted on any wall or ceiling.It's
preferable to insert the batteries, test them,
and pair them before mounting them on the
wall if you're putting more than one. Hard-wired
smart smoke detectors require you to switch off
the power to your home at the breaker box and
attach your smart detectors according to the
instructions.

The installation process of the smart smoke
detectors would be first by determine the
mounting location which is a suitable place to
place the detector. Smart smoke detector
should be installed on every storey of the
proposed smart home. The smart smoke
detector should be installed at least 10 feet
away from cooking appliances to avoid nuisance
detectors. Also, because smoke rises, position
the detector high on the wall or on the ceiling
when installing it. The detector should be no
more than 12 inches from the ceiling when
mounted on a high wall. It's also a good idea to
avoid placing detectors near windows or air
ducts, as this could interfere with their
operation.

After that, install the mounting bracket of the
smart smoke detector. The smart smoke
detector has a mounting bracket to make the
installation. The bracket mounted to an
installed electrical box and the new bracket will
be slide into place then the screw will be
tightened with a screwdriver to close it. Besides
that, the smart smoke detector then will be
attached to the base by holding the smoke
detector over the bracket and twist clockwise
until it snaps in place. And the final process is
power up and test the smart smoke detector out
with everyone in the home. Individually press
the test button on each smartphone to ensure
that everyone can easily distinguish the alarm
sound. This first test is also a good opportunity
to go through your house evacuation strategy,
including routes and meeting spots outside.

PAGE 3

FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM -SMOKE DETECTOR METSYS GNITHGIF ERIF

BENEFITS

Ability to Detect Fires Faster
A smart smoke detector has the advantage of
being able to detect a fire considerably faster
than a regular smoke detector. The
installation of the smart smoke detector in
the apartment building will help the building
to be secure in the event of fire as it
functioned as an early fire detection. A basic
smoke detector detects instances in which
there is excessive smoke in a room. Smart
smoke detectors go a step further by
detecting whether a room is too hot or has
undergone a significant temperature spike.

Services for Notifications and Alerts
Another advantage of the smart smoke
detector is that it can send a number of
warnings and alarms to various parties. These
smart smoke detectors can be linked to an
infrastructure system that will alert the fire
service if a fire occurs. Additionally, even if
they are not at home, anyone with an app
connected to the smart smoke detector will
be able to receive a notification in their
smartphone when a fire is occurring. The
smart smoke detector can alert people to a
fire even if people are asleep, busy or in a
different section of the building than where
the fire is as detector give people with more
warning time. Thus, people can prevent
substantial damage or devastation if people
notice it early.

Battery Life and Reliability
It is recommended that people to change the
smart smoke detector batteries at least once
a year, according to most experts. When using
a new battery, smart smoke detectors, on the
other hand, can be sure that they will live
considerably longer. Additionally, the benefit
of a smart detector is that you'll be warned
via the application in the smartphone when
the battery is low or nearing its end of life.
Furthermore, people can check the power
level of the smart smoke detector at any time
through the application.

PAGE 4

FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM -SMOKE DETECTOR METSYS GNITHGIF ERIF

PROBLEMS

A Smoke Detector That Depends on Wi-Fi Is Risk
If the devices lose the internet access, loses power, or has an inconsistent
Wi-Fi signal, it won't be able to deliver emergency alerts when you need
them the most. Because a variety of natural disasters and crises might
impair Wi-Fi, relying on it in this way is dangerous. If the smart smoke
detectors are located in Wi-Fi signal that has a poor signal, they may not
function, and it is difficult for people to get the notification from the
smart smoke detector in the event of fire.

Regularly Maintenance
In the other hand, the problem of having the smoke detector, it for
regularly maintained. The photoelectric smoke detector is sensitive to
dust particles and insects. Meaning that regular maintenance is needed to
operate the smoke detector and making sure the detector can be
functioned well.

PAGE 5

FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM -SMOKE DETECTOR METSYS GNITHGIF ERIF

OPERATION OF THE BUILDING SERVICES FUNCTION
INCLUDING THE CONNECTION AND POSITIONS OF
THE DIFFERENT PARTS OF EQUIPMENT.

As for the proposed system is smart smoke detector, it can provide you
with alarm notifications on your smartphone and when smoke particles
are detected in the air, your air handling equipment can be turned off to
help prevent the spread of smoke while people safely escape the area.
According to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), smoke
alarms should be put on every level of the proposed building , including
the basement. The smart smoke detectors should be installed inside every
room and at all areas in the building include the stairway area, except for
the area near to the windows, doors, or ducts in which it able to interfere
with the smoke detector’s operation.
All the smoke detector was interconnected where in the event of fire, if
one smoke detector’s alarm sound, all of the detectors will sound. Thus, it
provides the best protection to the apartment building. In addition, even
if a home has a set number of hardwired smoke alarms, additional battery-
operated smoke alarms can be placed throughout the property. When the
power or internet is off, smart smoke detectors have workarounds. Even
though your smart smoke detector is hard-wired into your electrical
system, in the event of a power outage, the backup battery system should
take over. When an alert is triggered, certain smart smoke detector models
can use Bluetooth to communicate with the smartphone or the smart
home system if there is an internet outage. It's feasible that the smart
home hub or system can use a normal cellular signal to transmit
notifications to you and emergency services if it has cellular connection
capabilities.

PAGE 6

FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM -SMOKE DETECTOR

PRINCIPLES AND SYSTEMS AS WELL AS SPACE
IMPLICATIONS AND BUILDING REGULATIONS

In terms of the principle, the smoke METSYS GNITHGIF ERIF

detector has the maximum radius and

coverage. As a result, according to the

National Fire Protection Association

(NFPA) smoke detector should have a

radius of 21 feet and a coverage area of

1,385 square feet with a maximum of 30

feet should be allowed between two

smoke detectors. (National Fire

Protection Association, 1896). For the

proposed of smart smoke detector in

this proposed apartment building, there

will be 112 m2 for the coverage area

which individual coverage can be

represented by a square measuring of

10.6m x 10.6m which is usually

approximated to 100m² for normal

building installation of the smoke

detector. (Brown, 2012) However, the key

thing to remember is that all locations

on the ceiling must be less than 21 feet

away from the detector. (Thomas

Hammerberg, 2006). The smart smoke

detector is not suitable to be installed

at the area near to opening such as

window and door due to this area may

affected the function of the detector.

Smoke detectors should preferably be
fitted to the ceiling in a central position
and at least 300mm from any wall or
light fitting. Wall mounted detectors
should generally be fixed between
150mm and 300mm below the ceiling.
Moreover, the smoke detectors should
not be fixed directly above heaters, air
conditioning units, ducted heat outlets
or in toilets, cooking areas or garages,
where steam, condensation or fumes
could cause false alarms to occur. (Tame
Side, 2013) In terms of the building
regulation that forced the proposal of
the smoke detector is related to the
National Fire Protection Association
(NFPA). Article 760 of NFPA 70, the
National Electrical Code (NEC), the
manufacturer's instructions and the
regulations of the AHJ should all be
fulfilled while installing fire alarm
system wiring such as the smoke
detector. (National Fire Protection
Association, 1896)

PAGE 7

ELECTRICAL SUPPLY SYSTEM - PROPOSED SMART LIGHTING SYSTEM (BASED ON IOT)

THE APPLICATION

METSYS YLPPUS LACIRTCELE Smart lighting uses IoT-enabled In addition, modern smart lighting

sensors, bulbs, or adapters to allow systems are based on light emitting

users to manage their home or diode (LED) technology and involve

office lighting with their advanced drivers that have features

smartphone or smart home such as dynamic spectral light

management platform. Smart reproduction and advanced sensing

lighting solutions can be controlled capabilities. The ultimate feature is

through an external device like a of additional advanced services

smartphone or smart assistant, set serving as hub for optical

to operate on a schedule, or communications that allows

triggered by sound or motion. coexistence with traditional Wi-Fi

gateways in indoor environments. In

This technology driven concept this context, lighting systems are

that links three main features of evolving to support different

solid-state lighting (SSL) wireless communications interfaces

technologies, universal compatible with the IoT ecosystem.

communication interfaces and The IoT (internet of things) is the
big deal here which suggests the
advanced control. However, this idea of smart home technology. Its
aim is to connect every electronic
conceptualization is continuously appliance in the home and control
them from one device. This includes
progressing to comply with the every smart gadget that can be
connected to the internet to make
guidelines of the next generation of life easier. That’s where smart
lighting comes in the limelight. It is
devices that work on the Internet of leading category in smart home
technology. It’s affordable, easy to
Things (IoT) environment. The install and can enhance safety and
security of your home.
essentially digital nature of LED

lighting has greatly enhanced

controllability, which can be used

to achieve a wide variety of lighting

effects, from dimming and

color‑changing to occupancy-based

behavior.

PAGE 8

ELECTRICAL SUPPLY SYSTEM - PROPOSED SMART LIGHTING SYSTEM (BASED ON IOT)

THE INSTALLATION PROCESS

METSYS YLPPUS LACIRTCELE For the proposed case study, most In order to build an IoT smart light
smart lighting systems are designed framework with enhanced security,
with a simple motion sensor and the system developed in this study
can detect whether a human being has both lighting and security
has moved in or out of the sensor’s monitoring features that determine
range. However, the novel smart the detailed system structure, as
lighting system outlined in this shown in Figure 1. The system is
integrates the main functions of an designed for use on a website or an
ESP 8266-12F microcontroller and a application. Each light bulb consists
two-layer circuit using 24 LED WS of an ESP8266-12F microcontroller
set in a spiral-shaped serial circuit that receives data from the
configuration with a cooling pad. sensor on the circuit and sends that
data to the Webserver. The
The purpose is to save the Webserver then displays information
microcontroller gates and to on the light bulbs, and depending
optimize the lamp area. The benefit on the operation of the user, it
of the design is that it allows the transmits commands to the
user to strengthen the security of ESP8266-12F to adjust the colors of
their smart home. Another bonus is the lights and turn them on or off.
that it significantly reduces In automatic mode, the Webserver
hardware costs. uses the data collected from the
motion sensor to transmit a
command to turn the light on or off.

Subsequently, it transmits a

warning or a siren alarm if security

mode is on. With the functions of

the system that will help users

easily manage their lighting system,

there will be no electricity wastage

or unfortunate accidents when

forgetting to turn off the lights.

Moreover, the system plays the role

of security manager for the house.

More specifically, users can

integrate additional sensors into

the system without having to install

or configure the device. This study

proposes to design and implement

policies with motion sensors into

the product range and to enable

data control by using a smartphone

with a web application. The used

components are hardware, a server,

the web, and a mobile app,

PAGE 9

ELECTRICAL SUPPLY SYSTEM - PROPOSED SMART LIGHTING SYSTEM (BASED ON IOT)

BENEFITS

METSYS YLPPUS LACIRTCELE Directly connected to Wi-Fi Offers you to pick any color of
Smart lights are usually controlled by light
smart phones or tablet via an app be
it an IOS or Android operating Moreover, by going smart you do
system. It can also be connected not have to stay in white light
directly to the Wi-Fi connection or to always. It offers you to pick any
any phone via Bluetooth. Smart color of light you want with lighting
lights system is not an obligatory effect and set-timing options. Set
thing. They can easily be transformed an atmosphere according to your
into normal light fittings and can be mood be it for club lighting or to
controlled by the light switches if read a book, it perfectly fits in
you want to do that. Usually, the everything. When movement sensors
installation process is easy and not are installed with smart lighting, it
that much expensive as you think. can enhance the security of your
home to the whole new level. The
movement sensors can detect any
motion performed in its range and
turn on alarm does not matter
whether you are at home or away.

Can be controlled
Main advantage of smart lighting is
that if Wi-Fi enabled, it can be
controlled from anywhere. We do not
need to walk to the switch and turn
on the light. It is effective in terms of
energy efficiency purpose. Laziness is
not an excuse for energy saving,
switch on and off any light with just
one tap on your smart phone’s
screen. One more advantage is that it
provides color options.

PAGE 10

ELECTRICAL SUPPLY SYSTEM - PROPOSED SMART LIGHTING SYSTEM (BASED ON IOT)

METSYS YLPPUS LACIRTCELE PROBLEMS Expensive maintenance

Expensive Apart from being quite costly to buy
Using smart lighting will be more
expensive than regular bulbs. Smart and install, home lighting control
lighting is a lot more expensive to
purchase than simple LED lamps. system is also expensive to
For many systems you need a bridge
to which you connect the lamps. As maintain. Although they last very
a result, the entry-level price is
quite high. Philips Hue Bluetooth long when properly installed, they
lamps are a lot cheaper. We get one
from about two decades. They have still sometimes need one or two
less functionality than more
advanced systems but are very touches to keep them from
suitable to see if smart lighting
suits you. malfunctions. In such cases, you will

realize that just like it is with

purchasing them, buying parts

necessary for proper maintenance

can be expensive too. When poorly

designed or installed, the home

lighting control system may

malfunction, not work adequately,

or not work at all. Lastly, they need

experts for proper installation. The

home lighting control system is a

complex system with too many

technicalities to be handled by a

non-expert. Therefore, proper

installation requires the services of

trained experts, which, apart from

adding to its cost, can lead to

serious inconvenience, since getting

an expert can be difficult.

Poor Connection
When the Wi-Fi is lost, fortunately,
it happens less and less, but every
WiFi connection sometimes falters.
Without WiFi, you cannot turn some
smart lighting on or off. It is
therefore advisable not to tape or
remove the old-fashioned switches.
Then we can still operate your lights
if the internet is down.

PAGE 11

ELECTRICAL SUPPLY SYSTEM - PROPOSED SMART LIGHTING SYSTEM (BASED ON IOT)

METSYS YLPPUS LACIRTCELE HOW EACH BUILDING FUNCTION INCLUDING THE
CONNECTIONS AND POSITIONS OF THE
DIFFERENT PARTS OF EQUIPMENT

As the proposed system for smart Two different control methods are
lighting based on IoT, there are
several approaches to developing used to determine the dimming
smart lighting solutions for goods as
well as people or occupant of the levels of luminaires. There are two
building between floor to floor in
the building. Smart bulbs are WiFi- methods: open-loop and close-loop.
enabled bulbs that can be
individually controlled by a smart The open-loop method detects
assistant or a mobile app. Most can
change the color or brightness. incoming daylight and instructs a
Light switches act as adapters for
standard light bulbs and can control controller to dim the luminaire
groups of lights.
proportionally based on its

contribution. The closed-loop

method adjusts the luminaire

dimming level to ensure that the

combined contribution of natural

and artificial light maintains the

desired illumination level.

A lighting system's control

architecture can be centralized and

distributed from floor to floor in the

building. Sensor data are

transmitted to a central controller

in a centralized control system,

where the dimming level for the

corresponding luminaire is

determined by a control law and

transmitted to the luminaire. In a

distributed control system, on the

other hand, each sensing module

has a controller and communicates

with neighbors to calculate the

dimming levels.

PAGE 12

ELECTRICAL SUPPLY SYSTEM - PROPOSED SMART LIGHTING SYSTEM (BASED ON IOT)

METSYS YLPPUS LACIRTCELE HOW EACH BUILDING FUNCTION INCLUDING THE
CONNECTIONS AND POSITIONS OF THE
DIFFERENT PARTS OF EQUIPMENT

For this case study, the mobile Providing a lightweight
application is used to manage communications protocol suitable
switching on and off the device by
users. This application has two for instant messaging with QoS
modes: automatic and manual. The
automatic mode is activated when specification
IoT devices detect a change in the
coverage of the sensors. Moreover, To provide real-time transmission
users can take over control of the
device and turn the system on or off functions and solve the problem of
with the mobile application.
network congestion, selecting a
Providing a graphical cloud
interface lightweight communication
To allow users not confined to a
fixed area, it is necessary for the protocol with QoS and security
system to provide a graphical cloud
user interface by which a user can policies is one key technology.
conveniently control the lamps and
quickly interpret the sensor Providing LED energy-saving
information.
lighting equipment equipped with
Providing a cloud-based
development platform with the remote control on PWM lighting
function of storing quantitative
data dimming functions

The use of cloud development On the issue of improving dimming
platform is mainly to reduce the and energy consumption of
cost of network resources, to share traditional lamps and lanterns,
resources and offer integrated energy-saving LED lamps and
services. If a large amount of data lanterns are often used in place of
collected by sensors is stored in the traditional lamps. However, at this
front-end infrastructure, it will stage, dimmable power supply
increase the burden on the network devices in LED lamps still use the
resources and increase the cost of extremely energy-consuming TRIAC
equipment deployment. dimmer as a controller. To reduce
power consumption, the lighting
equipment must have an LED power
supply that can accept PWM
functions.

PAGE 13

ELECTRICAL SUPPLY SYSTEM - PROPOSED SMART LIGHTING SYSTEM (BASED ON IOT)

METSYS YLPPUS LACIRTCELE HOW EACH BUILDING FUNCTION INCLUDING THE
CONNECTIONS AND POSITIONS OF THE
DIFFERENT PARTS OF EQUIPMENT

For this case study, the mobile Providing a lightweight
application is used to manage communications protocol suitable
switching on and off the device by
users. This application has two for instant messaging with QoS
modes: automatic and manual. The
automatic mode is activated when specification
IoT devices detect a change in the
coverage of the sensors. Moreover, To provide real-time transmission
users can take over control of the
device and turn the system on or off functions and solve the problem of
with the mobile application.
network congestion, selecting a
Providing a graphical cloud
interface lightweight communication
To allow users not confined to a
fixed area, it is necessary for the protocol with QoS and security
system to provide a graphical cloud
user interface by which a user can policies is one key technology.
conveniently control the lamps and
quickly interpret the sensor Providing LED energy-saving
information.
lighting equipment equipped with
Providing a cloud-based
development platform with the remote control on PWM lighting
function of storing quantitative
data dimming functions

The use of cloud development On the issue of improving dimming
platform is mainly to reduce the and energy consumption of
cost of network resources, to share traditional lamps and lanterns,
resources and offer integrated energy-saving LED lamps and
services. If a large amount of data lanterns are often used in place of
collected by sensors is stored in the traditional lamps. However, at this
front-end infrastructure, it will stage, dimmable power supply
increase the burden on the network devices in LED lamps still use the
resources and increase the cost of extremely energy-consuming TRIAC
equipment deployment. dimmer as a controller. To reduce
power consumption, the lighting
equipment must have an LED power
supply that can accept PWM
functions.

PAGE 14

SPECIAL SERVICE SYSTEM - SMART HOME SECURITY SYSTEM

THE APPLICATION

A smart home security system The user will be able to
monitor the status of each
consists of a collection of component of their security
system, such as CCTV, access
physical and electrical control, and an alarm system, METSYS ECIVRES LAICEPS
once it is connected. When a
components that work together sensor on smart home security
system is engaged, a signal is
to keep a house safe. A typical sent to the user smartphone,
informing if an alarm has been
smart home security system will activated or motion has been
detected, suggesting that an
include smart security camera, intruder has been detected. The
user will be able to take the
motion sensors, entry sensors, required action after receiving
the message, such as calling the
sirens, the control panel, sensor police or disabling the alarm,
once the user received it. The
of doors and windows, user will be able to check live
footage if they have CCTV.
surveillance camera and yard

sign and window stickers. Home

security system may now be

integrated into smart home

setup as one of the systems that

can be controlled from user

smartphone.

PAGE 15

SPECIAL SERVICE SYSTEM - SMART HOME SECURITY SYSTEM

THE INSTALLATION PROCESS

The steps of installation process of Second step is place sensors and METSYS ECIVRES LAICEPS
the proposed smart home security as detectors throughout the user
stated below: home. Basic door and windows
alarm sensors, as well as motion
First step is installing the wireless detectors, will be included in smart
home security panel. To install the home security. The sensors are
panel, the user must choose a normally packaged with a peel and
location near to their main entry stick backing that keeps them in
door and close to a power supply. place while allowing them to be
Also, to install the panel, the user moved just as needed. To set
may simply need to strike a little nail sensors in the best areas, follow the
into the wall. If the user cannot drill instructions that came with home
any holes on the wall, the user can security system.
use removable double-sided glue
instead.

Lastly is testing the smart home

security system. Different type of

sensor and products also have

different instruction that stated in

every home security system that

provide by company. To test the

security system and ensure

everything is operating correctly,

the user must follow the guidelines

in the owner’s manual.

PAGE 16

SPECIAL SERVICE SYSTEM - SMART HOME SECURITY SYSTEM

BENEFITS

Fast police contact. When the Energy efficiency has improved. It
owner of house are not at home, if
anything happen at their house is reasonable to implement our
expert monitoring ensures that the
police or other emergency services house more energy-efficient METSYS ECIVRES LAICEPS
are contacted immediately.
depending on how the user employ

smart-home technologies. A

programmed smart thermostat, for

example, may provide more exact

Increasing the level of security in control over the user home's

your house. Smart home security heating and cooling by learning

may increase when the user includes owner schedule and temperature

preferences and then

security and surveillance capabilities recommending the most energy-

into your smart home network. There efficient settings throughout the

are a lot of alternatives here, but just day. As the sun sets, lights and

a few dozen is being investigated motorized blinds may be

right now. Smart home security programmed to convert to an

systems, for example, may connect evening mode, or lights can turn on

motion detectors, surveillance and off automatically as the user

cameras, automatic door locks, and enter or leave the room, ensuring

other physical security measures that his or her never waste energy.

across home so that the user can Flexibility for new devices and
appliances. When it comes to
control them all from a single mobile accommodating new gadgets and
appliances, as well as other
device before going to bed. The technologies, smart home systems
are remarkably adaptable. Even if
owner may also select to get security the user appliances appear to be
cutting-edge today, newer, more
warnings on various devices at amazing versions will emerge over
time. It will most likely add to the
different times of the day, and they user gadget collection as he or she
replace older ones or learn about
can watch actions in real time new technologies to complement
indoor and outdoor environments.
whether they are at home or halfway Being able to effortlessly integrate
these newcomers will make the user
around the world. work as a homeowner much
simpler, and it will allow the user to
Extra precautionary alerts. If the continue updating to the most
cutting-edge lifestyle technology.
user frequently has troubles such as

forgetting to lock the rear window or

accidently leaving the front door

open, a home security system can

assist. Through smartphone

applications, entry sensors can

remotely display the user whether or

not our home is safe. Notifications

also alert the user if a person or

movement is spotted, allowing the

user to check in and ensure that

everything is in order at home while

we are gone.

PAGE 17

SPECIAL SERVICE SYSTEM - SMART HOME SECURITY SYSTEM

CHALLENGES

High Cost of Equipment. Home Smart Home Devices Cannot METSYS ECIVRES LAICEPS
security systems are costly, with an Connect to The Network. One of
average cost from RM1,800 to the most typical challenges that
RM8,000 depending on the type or smart device owners may face is
package the user choose. Of course, network connectivity. Connectivity
there is a lot of variation here, since difficulties may be frustrating and
some systems merely have sensors, even dangerous, ranging from smart
while others have 15 or more cameras losing the stream to your
components. living room smart lighting failing to
switch off. The good news is that
Smart Home Devices Do Not Play this problem is really simple to
Together. With so many smart home resolve.
gadgets to select from, the first
problem the user will likely face is False Alarms. On rare occasions,
purchasing favorite thermostats, the user gets false alarms that have
security cameras, and sensors only to resulted in police intervention.
discover that they don't function These are humiliating and a waste
together. Although practically every of time for everyone.
smart home device has a companion
smartphone app, having the ability Hard to Control. The most common
to launch a single app or utilize a complaint among families adopting
single service that allows the user to smart home security technology is
monitor and control all of smart that they do not like being
devices at once is the ideal restricted to an app to operate
experience. their houses. It is nice to be able to
control the lights or change the
temperature from anywhere in the
globe, but tracking down the phone
every time the user want to make a
simple tweak to he or she living
environment may be a hassle when
him or her spending a typical day at
home.

PAGE 18

SPECIAL SERVICE SYSTEM - SMART HOME SECURITY SYSTEM METSYS ECIVRES LAICEPS

OPERATION OF THE BUILDING SERVICES FUNCTION
INCLUDING THE CONNECTION AND POSITIONS OF
THE DIFFERENT PARTS OF EQUIPMENT.

Smart security cameras connect to
Wi-Fi, allowing us to remotely
livestream images from our system
and receive notifications when our
cameras detect movement, persons,
or parcels. Many cameras come with
infrared or color night vision, cloud
or local storage, and two-way audio,
allowing us to communicate with
whoever is on camera. Smart
platform integrations, such as
Amazon Alexa or Google Assistant,
are also available on some cameras.

Motion sensors should be installed Entry sensors, also known as
in a major doorway or hallway on the contact sensors, are made up of two
ground level of a property to detect parts: one for the window or door
motion and notify us when our and another for the frame. When
security system is activated. Because one of these openings is opened or
certain motion sensors are pet- closed, these sensors employ
sensitive, they do not go off every magnets to detect it. The sensor
time our dog goes through. will notify us if it believes an
entrance point has been opened.
On the bottom floor, we
recommend installing entry sensors
on windows or doors. The majority
of them are battery-operated, and
many of them come with adhesive
backings for simple installation.

Sirens also can be found in home
security systems on their own or as
part of other devices like the base
station (which we'll discuss later).
Sires are designed to scare
intruders away or notify our
neighbors, and they frequently go
off at the same time as other
alarms.

PAGE 19

SPECIAL SERVICE SYSTEM - SMART HOME SECURITY SYSTEM

OPERATION OF THE BUILDING SERVICES FUNCTION
INCLUDING THE CONNECTION AND POSITIONS OF
THE DIFFERENT PARTS OF EQUIPMENT. (CONT'D)

The control panel is a computer Surveillance cameras, which are METSYS ECIVRES LAICEPS
that arms and disarms security available in both wired and wireless
systems, interacts with each installed configurations, can be used in a
component, sounds an alert when a variety of ways as part of a larger
security zone is broken, and security system.
connects with an alarm monitoring
provider. They usually have a Yard signs and window stickers
touchpad for simple programming may appear to be nothing more
and interaction, a passcode entry than marketing tools for alarm
area for arming and disarming the companies on the surface, yet they
system, the ability to function with play a crucial part in home security.
voice commands, and the ability to When the user put a security
work with wireless remote devices company's sticker in user front
known as key fobs. window and a sign in user front
yard, the user will be informing
Sensors for doors and windows are robbers that his or her home is
made up of two elements that are professionally secured and not a
put next to each other. The gadget good target for a break-in. They are
has two parts: one that goes on the effective at communicating this
door or window and the other that message and should be utilized
goes on the door frame or window according to the security firm's
sill. The two sections of the sensor recommendations.
are connected together when a door
or window is closed, forming a
security circuit. These sensors
communicate with the control panel
when the security system is activated
by notifying that the point of entry is
secure. The security circuit is broken
if a monitored door or window is
suddenly opened, and the control
panel interprets this as a violation of
a secured zone. A loud alarm is
heard, and in most cases, the alarm
monitoring provider is notified.

PAGE 20

SPECIAL SERVICE SYSTEM - SMART HOME SECURITY SYSTEM

PRINCIPLES AND SYSTEMS AS WELL AS SPACE
IMPLICATIONS AND BUILDING REGULATIONS

In aspect of principles of In aspect of security system for METSYS ECIVRES LAICEPS
proposed smart home security, a
professional monitoring, many base station connects all of the
components. They then connect to
physical systems additionally provide a smartphone application, which
allows us to remotely monitor and
additional services like 24/7 expert control everything. The majority of
systems link to our phones via
monitoring or cell phone, landline, or Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, or cellular. In the
event of a power loss, some systems
battery backup, which keep the choose for a landline or battery
backup. The user activates their
system operational even if the power security system as they leave the
house. When the user get home,
goes out. For the proposed smart they enter password on a keypad,
use a voice command, push a key
home security, an alert is sent to the fob, or use their smartphone to
disarm it. When the user
monitoring centre of the alarm firm, deactivates the system, none of the
sensors go off, and our camera
which evaluates if emergency stops recording automatically.

services are required. When the

monitoring centre gets an alarm, it

usually calls the phone numbers on

file. If the call is answered, a contact

centre staff will ask for a "safe word"

or password to ensure that the

victim is not being harmed. The

monitoring centre will notify the

appropriate emergency services

dispatch centre for

fire/police/medical help if the call is

not answered or the safe word is not The user can utilise a smartphone

supplied. application to livestream images

from their security camera, receive

The proposed smart home security notifications from sensors,
systems, connect all of the
components to a smartphone app, communicate with one another via
allowing the user to control anything
from afar. As smart home ecosystems two-way audio, and other functions.
grow more prevalent, they've started
to interface with voice assistants like Smart home security, as opposed to
Amazon Alexa and Google Assistant,
allowing users to control their a local alarm system, allows them
devices entirely with their voice.
Burglars cannot disarm our system to view what is going on at home
since we set it up to only operate
with our voices. from anywhere. It can be shown in

every part of the building for the

user.

PAGE 21

MECHANICAL HANDLING SYSTEM - ELEVATOR

METSYS GNILDNAH LACINAHCEM THE APPLICATION

According to Olanreewaju Rauf, Elevator, which also called as lift is

main function of transportation a mechanical transportation

infrastructure is to help a person to equipment or machine that mainly

move from floor to floor in a building use to move people or goods in

where the transportation is a phrase vertical direction from floor to

to describe the means of travelling another floor inside a multi-levelled

between floor inside a building building. Elevator commonly

especially for high-rise building. installed in high-rise building such

James Gordon stated that as airport, office, shopping mall,

mechanical handling system hospital and others that move

categorizing as transportation of vertically upwards or downwards

load from one place to another between floors by means of rotating

place. Basically, mechanical handling motor and a shaft.

is a machine transportation form for

people and goods which install in a Elevators are classified into several

building that have more than 1- categories based on their functions,

storey. including fire, passenger lift, freight

The most common mode of lift, cargo lift, panoramic lift, service
transportation is vertical movement,
which can take the shape of a ramp, lift, and many others. Hydraulic and
a staircase, or mechanical
transportation such as an elevator, electric elevators are the most
an escalator, a travelator, a conveyor,
a paternoster, or a dumbwaiter. popular types of elevators. However,
Besides that, mechanical handling
systems, also known as mechanical Olanreewaju Rauf pointed out that
transportation systems, are used to
carry people and thing that is there are two (2) more types of
vertically. A mechanical
transportation system is a elevators: ascending elevators and
mechanism that allows people to
travel from one floor to another floor pneumatic elevators. Elevators must
in a building.
be carefully chosen, constructed,

and installed in order to achieve

optimal performance for a proposed

building, which includes minimal

waiting time, smooth movement,

and comfortable acceleration

without making loud noise, and also

user satisfaction and comfort.

Type of proposed services For the proposed case study project
Elevator of apartment building, it is
suggested to install elevator as it is
With a luxurious design that essential in order to ease the
includes a coloured stainless-steel movement of user that carry heavy
hairline on the car door, vinyl for the stuff like bags inside the apartment.
floor, and decorative steel with It is also to allow any workers such
mocha wood on three sides of the as housekeeper that used to carry
walls, this electric elevator has a big cleaning equipment move to
capacity of 1050 kg of loads. another floor to another floor and it
Model OUG Series ON1 with 4 inches is also to enable disable user and
of LCD indicator that manufactured pregnant women to move easily.
by Hitachi Group.

PAGE 22

MECHANICAL HANDLING SYSTEM - ELEVATOR

METSYS GNILDNAH LACINAHCEM THE APPLICATION (CONT'D)

Model OUG Series ON1 that

manufactured, designed and

installed by Hitachi Group Company

is the suitable proposed elevator

that have been chosen for this case

study project. This system consists of

two (2) different categories which

are passenger and goods elevator.

Electric elevator also known as

traction elevator that operate with

the help of electric motor and it is

required a machine room above the

shaft of the elevator to allocate all

the components of electric motor

machines. This elevator also consists

of many components such as

counterweight, hoist way, rails,

cables, elevator machine, pits and

control equipment.

For the proposed apartment
building, an electric elevator model
OUG Series ON1 will be installed
with advanced features such as LED
lighting and a regenerative system
that saves energy, as well as a door
signal with multi-beam door sensor,
micro-levelling, and an automatic
rescue device in the event of an
emergency that improves the
elevator's safety. All of them are
suggested as ways to improve
passenger safety and to reduce the
energy consumption

PAGE 23

MECHANICAL HANDLING SYSTEM - ELEVATOR

METSYS GNILDNAH LACINAHCEM THE APPLICATION (CONT'D)

The proposed electric elevator Model The proposed electric elevator
Model OUG Series ON1 for the
OUG Series ON1 for the projected planned apartment building should
have a capacity of 1050kg and a
apartment has been given a speed of 2.0m/120s, which can carry
14 people at a time in a suitable
luxurious design, as shown below, amount of room for an apartment
building. The proposed elevator
which may give it a highly unique model will have all of the
components found in the 2PCO door
and beautiful appearance. This lift model, as well as an internal car
size of 1600mm x 1500mm.
design look will improve the

apartment's visual value by

showcasing the modern and

contemporary sentimental. The

planned apartment building must

have design and finishes that may

boost the visual value in order to

impress everybody who visits the

apartment and compete with

another modern apartment.

PAGE 24

METSYS GNILDNAH LACINAHCEM MECHANICAL HANDLING SYSTEM - ELEVATOR

THE INSTALLATION PROCESS

MODEL OUG SERIES ON1 WITH 4
INCHES OF LCD INDICATOR THAT
MANUFACTURED BY HITACHI GROUP

Identifying the site necessary
requirement is very important to
ensure a safe and effective
installation. All the works can be
completed in a short period of time
without interruption.
First
Before beginning the installation
operation, make sure the lift shaft is
dry, clean, and painted.
Second
Provide either three-phase or one-
phase power supply.
Third
Make sure the access way to the
shaft is clear and provide storage
space on the ground floor close to
the shaft.
Fourth
Shaft opening and recesses are
constructed based on layout
drawings given by the engineer.
Fifth
Install lifting hooks and ventilation
ducts and all the required
components.

PAGE 25

MECHANICAL HANDLING SYSTEM - ELEVATOR

METSYS GNILDNAH LACINAHCEM BENEFITS

Safety and emergency Convenience
The FI-600 Group Control System
Elevators are equipped with a door and the FIBEE Destination floor
signal with a multi-beam door reservation system are two small
sensor. The purpose of the door systems that contribute to bring
comfort to the building's end-users.
signal is to alert passengers when The most essential aim of group
the door is about to close, control systems is to reduce the risk
of long delays. As a result, Hitachi
preventing them from being crushed continues to create control
by the door. Micro-levelling, which is algorithms to fulfil the demands,
such as the FI-600, a new type of
the automated correction of elevator algorithm that controls the future
landings to make it safer when reference trajectory. Meanwhile, the
getting on and off the elevator, is FIBEE system provides comfort by
advising people on which elevator to
also available on this system. use. As a result, the hall will be less
Furthermore, when there is a power congested.

outage, there is an automated
rescue device.
outage, During a power
the
elevator will

automatically convert to battery
operation and go to the nearest

floor.

Energy efficiency Modernize
Hitachi coordinate the elevator with
Energy efficiency is one of the most the building decor by applying silk
screening to the ceiling. Other than
essential criteria. The use of LED that, there are wide range of button
harmonizes with various building
lights and automated turn-off of car designs. For example, high-contrast
plastic buttons, stainless steel
lighting and fan will reduce energy buttons and interphone buttons. In-
car LCD indicator provide to ease the
consumption in this system. LED passengers to find necessary
information. At the same time, all of
lighting has 3 times longer life these features will give benefits to
building owner as it will provide
expectancy than fluorescent lighting more aesthetic value to the building.
It will help to increase the building
and consumes roughly 14% less cost and selling price.

energy. In addition, it features a

regenerative mechanism. The

traction mechanism operates as a

power generator, sending energy

back to the building's electrical

networks, reducing energy use by

about 60%.

PAGE 26

MECHANICAL HANDLING SYSTEM - ELEVATOR

METSYS GNILDNAH LACINAHCEM CHALLENGES

CONTAMINATION MISALIGNED MOTOR DRIVE

To keep the elevator running When another piece of equipment is
smoothly, the components require linked to the motor drive, the
lubricants with clean oils, while poor alignment of the shaft is critical to

lubrication will cause the elevator to the elevator system's maximum
fail. When the elevator is operated efficiency. When the shaft is not

on a regular basis, the elevator correctly aligned, the motor bearings
system will start to break down and will wear out, resulting in difficulties

small metal particles will be such as bearing malfunction and
released into the contaminated oil. bearing noise.
A foul-smelling smell that surrounds

the elevator can also occur, causing
the elevator to stop before reaching OVERUSED SHEAVES

the floor due to a lift levelling A sheave is a component of an

problem. elevator that connects the elevator

BEARING MALFUNCTION hoist ropes to a pulley with a
grooved wheel. The sheaves and

Another elevator component that hoist ropes will work together to
might wear out over time is a move the elevator up and down, as

bearing, which can be found in the well as to maintain it hanging

elevator's motor. Bearing between levels. When the elevator is

malfunctions are caused by motor utilised on a regular basis, the

failures, whereas noisy bearings are continual rubbing of the hoist rope
caused by motor vibrations. Wear wears down the sheaves, causing

and tear can occur even with a them to become uneven, lagging,
frequency drive installed, since they and rough. The hoist rope may

can cause further damage and potentially come loose from the
increase the motor's vibrations. sheave if it is exposed to additional
pressure.

PAGE 27

METSYS GNILDNAH LACINAHCEM MECHANICAL HANDLING SYSTEM - ELEVATOR

OPERATION OF THE BUILDING SERVICES FUNCTION
INCLUDING THE CONNECTIONS AND POSITIONS OF
DIFFERENT PART OF EQUIPMENT.

As the proposed system for elevator is electric elevator, it is used for
vertical transportation of goods as well as people or occupant of the
building between floor to floor in the building. Electric elevator typically
activated with the electric motors to drive counterweight system cables for
drive transaction such as hoist. In this case study, apartment used two
types of lift or elevator: passenger lift and goods lift. Both have similar
working principle which is operated by electric and sometimes is called as
traction lift. The main components of this electric elevator are cables or
ropes, a sheave or pulley, counterweight, and motor. In some cases, electric
elevator also has gears between the motor and sheave which is known as
geared lift, others will just connect the motor directly to the sheave or
known as gearless lift.

Generally, the operation of electric elevator is started at motor somewhere
on top of lift shaft or in the machine room. A motor is attached to a sheave
or a toothed pulley, with a rope or cable looped over it. The rope is
attached at one end to the lift car and on the other end to the
counterweight. When the lift is moving to a floor, the motor turns the
sheave. This motor can move in both directions where one moving the lift
car up and the other moving it down. As the lift car rises, the
counterweight lowers and vice versa. The counterweight means there is
less strain on the motor and the whole system. Therefore, there is less
power is required to move the lift car up or down. The speed of lift also
can be monitored, and it is usually linked to the rails in the shaft and can
stop the lift car without cables if required.

PAGE 28

MECHANICAL HANDLING SYSTEM - ELEVATOR

METSYS GNILDNAH LACINAHCEM PRINCIPLES AND SYSTEMS AS WELL AS SPACE
IMPLICATIONS AND BUILDING REGULATIONS

THE PRINCIPLES

The main principles of this system

are to provide efficiency, ecology,

comfort, and safety. The refined

design of proposed electric elevator

will produce a high-quality

atmosphere that reassures

passengers of the superior safety

and comfort. The proposed electric

elevator is using energy wisely as

the long-term commitment to

develop energy efficient elevators

has created systems and functions

that make intelligent use of power.

Therefore, it is important to provide SPACE IMPLICATIONS

energy saving features to the The proposed mechanical handling
system that are chosen for building
system. To ensure smooth mobility services for apartments suitable for
the space of the airport. This is
of elevators, the control system because the building services are
chosen for their own specific reason
need to efficient and maintained as and place at their own strategic
place inside the apartment which
well so that when a building is they will not take much space of the
apartment for the passengers to
expected to have heavy traffic, move around the Apartment space
area.
optimum car allocation suited for
The proposed mechanical handling
every condition makes a big system for apartment is Electric
Elevator. There are two types of
difference in preventing congestion elevators that will be installed in the
apartment which are 1 number of
at a lobby floor and reducing long passenger elevators with side-by-
side arrangement at the centre of
waits. For comfortable use, a great interior apartment and 1 number of
goods elevators with opposite
care is taken in the design and arrangement at both end left-wing
side and right-wing side. The
manufacture of each and every location of the Elevators installed
are to make the users able to move
elevator part to ensure comfortable to various areas with their luggage
or goods easily and smoothly in
and user-friendly ride. And last but vertical direction from one floor to
another floor inside the apartment.
not least, in term of safety features

especially during emergency

situation, the safety of elevators is

enhanced by adding emergency

operation features which quickly

respond to a power failures, fire or

natural disaster.

PAGE 29

METSYS GNILDNAH LACINAHCEM MECHANICAL HANDLING SYSTEM - ELEVATOR

PRINCIPLES AND SYSTEMS AS WELL AS SPACE
IMPLICATIONS AND BUILDING REGULATIONS (CONT'D)

BUILDING REGULATION RELATED TO DIFFERENT BUILDING
SERVICES

There are four classification of value that are provided for the
proposed building which is energy efficiency, comfort, design
and safety and emergency. For the energy efficiency, the
elevator will be using the LED lighting. The LED lighting will be
applied to all ceiling design so that the energy consumption is
reduced, and the service life is prolonged compared with
fluorescent lighting. The power consumption is approximately
about 1/3 of the fluorescent lighting and the LED lighting will
have 3 times longer service life. The elevator can generate the
energy and be use. The happen when the elevator travelling
downwards with a heavy carload or upward with light carload,
the traction mechanism acts as a power generator, and it will
conduct the power back to the electrical network in the
building.

In addition, for the comfort of using this elevator is the short
time average of waiting the elevator. It is the most important
task of controlling the system of an elevator. The Hitachi
continues to develop these needs. Hitachi has added a
destination floor reservation system to the group control system.
This will help to reduce congestion in the floor. For the safety
and emergency of the elevator, the door of the elevator has
been installed the door sensor and it will automatically be
closed one second after the LED stats blinking. The door will
start to close at the same time as the LED blinking when the
door close button in the elevator car is pressed. When a power
failure is detected, the drive power supply switches over to
battery power and the elevator will automatically moves to the
nearest floor so that the passengers that been trapped can go
out. This will reduce the worry of being trapped in the elevator.

PAGE 29

METSYS GNINOITIDNOC RIA MECHANICAL VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING - MULTI SPLIT

THE APPLICATION

Air-conditioning is the process of treating air to
manage its temperature, humidity, cleanliness, and
distribution all at the same time to satisfy the needs
of the conditioned environment. Air-conditioning
principles are developed by expanding the concepts
of moving air in ducted ventilation systems to
include a range of physical and scientific processes
that improve air quality. The goal is to supply and
maintain a predefined level of air quality.

The air-conditioning system can give impacts to
several elements, for instance, temperature,
humidity, air quality and air distribution velocity. For
temperature, the system's refrigeration component
removes heat from the incoming air to maintain a
comfortable ambient temperature. The elimination
heal is accomplished using a refrigeration cycle.
Humidity must be managed through the
humification or dehumidification process so that the
relative humidity is between 40 and 60 percent,
which is the most comfortable amount for a person.
Most air-conditioning systems are essentially
advanced mechanical ventilation systems. Air purity
relates to air quality, which includes two aspects:
cleanliness and oxygen content. Lastly for air
distribution velocity. The conditioned air must be
transferred and dispersed throughout the facility as
needed. The air delivery system, for example, uses a
fan to transport the air. For our proposed multi-
storey smart home, we have chosen split air
conditioning system.

PAGE 30

MECHANICAL VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING - MULTI SPLIT

THE APPLICATION & SYSTEM

APPLICATION SYSTEM

Air-conditioning is the process of Multi Split Air Conditioning System
Indoor and outdoor units make up
METSYS GNINOITIDNOC RIA treating air to manage its
the split air conditioning system. The
temperature, humidity, outdoor unit produces cold refrigerant
gas, which is then used to cool the air
cleanliness, and distribution all at in a space by the indoor unit. To
supply cold refrigerant to a cooling
the same time to satisfy the needs coil in the interior unit, the outside
unit uses a compressor and an air-
of the conditioned environment. cooled condenser. The air is then
blown into the room by a fan that
Air-conditioning principles are passes over the cooling coil.

developed by expanding the Regardless, despite the fact that
ductless heat pumps and climate
concepts of moving air in ducted control systems have been popular for
a long time, many homeowners are
ventilation systems to include a still unsure what they are. This is
understandable: the HVAC industry is
range of physical and scientific always evolving and keeping up with
the latest developments is far from
processes that improve air quality. difficult. Multi-split frameworks are,
without a doubt, the most generally
The goal is to supply and maintain proficient and adaptable frameworks
obtainable today.
a predefined level of air quality.

The air-conditioning system can

give impacts to several elements,

for instance, temperature,

humidity, air quality and air

distribution velocity. For

temperature, the system's

refrigeration component removes

heat from the incoming air to

maintain a comfortable ambient

temperature. The elimination heal

is accomplished using a

refrigeration cycle. Humidity must

be managed through the

humification or dehumidification

process so that the relative

humidity is between 40 and 60

percent, which is the most

comfortable amount for a person.

Most air-conditioning systems are

essentially advanced mechanical

ventilation systems. Air purity

relates to air quality, which

includes two aspects: cleanliness

and oxygen content. Lastly for air

distribution velocity. The

conditioned air must be

transferred and dispersed

throughout the facility as needed.

The air delivery system, for

example, uses a fan to transport

the air. For our proposed multi-

storey smart home, we have

chosen split air conditioning

system.

PAGE 31

MECHANICAL VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING - MULTI SPLIT

THE INSTALLATION PROCESS

Step 2: Drill a Pilot Hole
Because split air conditioners don't

require ductwork, they're

considerably easier to install, and

METSYS GNINOITIDNOC RIA there's less of a danger of air

conditioning blunders. Rather, a

series of electrical wires and tubing

connects the inside and outdoor

units. This is beneficial to both your

budget and the environment because ·Condensate from the evaporator must

you still receive a powerful air drain outside, so the line set hole

conditioner with less effort. Many must slope slightly downward to the

centralised A/C units lose a lot of outside.

energy owing to heat exchange in ·Drill a pilot hole from the inside to

the air duct system, hence the the outside.
ductwork required for many classic ·Then walk outside and double-check
A/C units often increases energy that there are no obstacles in the way
costs. In a split air conditioner of drilling the full-size hole.

system without a network of ducts,
there is virtually little chance of heat Step 3: Bore the Full-Size Hole

or energy loss.

Step 1: Install the Mounting Racket

·Install the evaporator on an outside ·From the inside, cut a hole with a
wall of the room, away from direct hole saw, remove any insulation, and
sunlight, doors, and dust sources. inspect the wall hollow for obstacles.
·Make sure there are no cables, ·Drill from the outside to complete
pipes, or ducts in this area of the the hole.
wall that could impede with cutting
a hole for the line set. Step 4: Run the Line Set
·Mark the stud locations and use
screws to secure the bracket to ·Carefully uncoil the line set from the
them. evaporator's rear.
·Feed the line set through the hole
with the help of an aid outside.
·To reach the condenser, the
assistance should gently bend the line
set downward and to the side as it
exits.
·Maintain the hard plastic collar that
surrounds the line established at the
condenser's end.
·The drain line is shorter and runs
after the other lines, below them.
·To keep the joint secure, add the
drain extension and wrap it in
electrical tape.

PAGE 32

MECHANICAL VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING - MULTI SPLIT

THE INSTALLATION PROCESS (CONT'D)

Step 5: Install the Evaporator Step 7: Connect the Refrigerant Lines

METSYS GNINOITIDNOC RIA ·Replace any insulation in the wall ·This step differs depending on the
cavity that was disturbed by manufacturer.
wrapping the foam sleeve around ·The line connections are held
the piece of line set within the together by a locking lever in this
hole. method.
·The evaporator should then be ·Check for kinks in the refrigerant
hung from the mounting bracket. lines and double-check the electrical
·Pro tip: As you accomplish this, connections before turning on the
your helper may need to feed a few system.
additional inches of the line ·Then walk inside and use the portable
established outside. remote to adjust the temperature.
·To avoid any rough edges from
injuring the line set, put the two- Step 8: Cover the Line Set
piece plastic trim into the hole
from the outside. ·Cover the line set with lengths of
plastic or metal channel cut to length
Step 6: Install the Condenser after insulating and sealing the hole
in the outer wall.
·Place the condenser on a ground ·Place the back half of the channel
pad or place it on a wall bracket behind the line set, plumb it, and use
where the refrigerant lines may self-tapping screws to secure it to the
readily reach it. wall.
·Make sure the line set stays close ·Because our line set flows
to the building's façade and horizontally to the compressor, we
doesn't jump over any obstacles. drilled a hole in the channel corner to
This makes putting on a cover a lot allow the drain line to escape straight
easier. down.
·Make sure the condenser has
enough space between it and the
walls and bushes.
·Place it away from ice or packed
snow, as well as any appliances
that vent.
·A position on the structure's east
or north side enhances cooling.

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METSYS GNINOITIDNOC RIA MECHANICAL VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING - MULTI SPLIT

BENEFITS

A climate control system with many splits is adaptable. The indoor
handler can be draped on the divider or placed on the floor. You will be
able to employ the exact number of air handlers that you require. In
addition, the regulator can be used to do a simple task. It takes less
effort to install your Multi Split air conditioner, and you won't have to
worry about large gaps in your divider. Not only does this make your
room more practical, but it also protects your home from outside
threats.

Conduits aren't needed in certain HVAC applications. Multi-split climate
control systems are more vitality productive, as they must meet the
comparable SER and HSPF requirements as various frameworks. Unlike
window climate control systems, air is routed directly to the internal air
handler, ensuring that no air pollution occurs. For heating, multi-split
air conditioner systems do not use ignitable energy. It is also safer to
use because there is no consuming gas and no ventilation. When
compared to other types of usage to offer aggravating commotion,
ductless AC frameworks don't produce any disagreeable clamour.

When compared to window units, ductless climate control systems have
a longer lifespan. Essentially, the value of the administration you receive
is determined by what you contribute.

·Wrap the foam sleeve around the section of line set within the hole
and replace any insulation in the wall cavity that was disturbed.
·Then hang the evaporator on the mounting bracket.
·Pro tip: Your helper may need to feed a few more inches of the line
set outside as you do this.
·On the outside, insert the two-piece plastic trim into the hole to
prevent any rough edges from damaging the line set.
·Multi-split framework models allow you to cool or heat many
locations (up to 6) with fine control of each interior unit from a single
open-air unit.

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METSYS GNINOITIDNOC RIA MECHANICAL VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING - MULTI SPLIT

CHALLENGES

The cost of having a multi-split climate control system is the most
significant disadvantage. Baseboard warming parts are a few times more
expensive than typical forced air systems. This is one of the reasons why
people choose window units for their homes. Ductless climate control
systems also require a lot of maintenance. If you have it at home, you
should not neglect to clean it on a monthly basis, particularly your unit
channels, as failing to do so can result in major troubles and repairs. To
maintain excellent performance, routine framework maintenance is
required. Air conditioners of the multi-split kind are best installed by
skilled technicians. Rather than performing it on your own, hire a
dependable local HVAC temporary worker for a private and professional
setting.

·If the open-air unit experiences a problem and ceases to function, all
of the interior units will cease to function as well.
·Buying and introducing anything costs more money.
·Blowers outside might create a ruckus if they aren't maintained
properly.
·The open-air unit necessitates a large amount of room, making it
unsuitable for residences with limited gallery or yard space.
·If the indoor and outdoor units are not placed near enough together,
establishment costs may rise.
·Only indoor air should be promoted — no outdoor air should be
encouraged.
·Introduce Installation is arranged using a dedicated circuit of your
home's electrical construction and endorsed talented needs. For light
rest, light might be exaggeratedly agitating.

PAGE 35

METSYS GNINOITIDNOC RIA MECHANICAL VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING - MULTI SPLIT

CHALLENGES

The cost of having a multi-split climate control system is the most
significant disadvantage. Baseboard warming parts are a few times more
expensive than typical forced air systems. This is one of the reasons why
people choose window units for their homes. Ductless climate control
systems also require a lot of maintenance. If you have it at home, you
should not neglect to clean it on a monthly basis, particularly your unit
channels, as failing to do so can result in major troubles and repairs. To
maintain excellent performance, routine framework maintenance is
required. Air conditioners of the multi-split kind are best installed by
skilled technicians. Rather than performing it on your own, hire a
dependable local HVAC temporary worker for a private and professional
setting.

·If the open-air unit experiences a problem and ceases to function, all
of the interior units will cease to function as well.
·Buying and introducing anything costs more money.
·Blowers outside might create a ruckus if they aren't maintained
properly.
·The open-air unit necessitates a large amount of room, making it
unsuitable for residences with limited gallery or yard space.
·If the indoor and outdoor units are not placed near enough together,
establishment costs may rise.
·Only indoor air should be promoted — no outdoor air should be
encouraged.
·Introduce Installation is arranged using a dedicated circuit of your
home's electrical construction and endorsed talented needs. For light
rest, light might be exaggeratedly agitating.

PAGE 35

METSYS GNINOITIDNOC RIA MECHANICAL VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING - MULTI SPLIT

HOW MULTI SPLIT AIR CONDITIONER WORKS

Instead of many external ac compressor units, a multi-
split air conditioner uses just one powerful outdoor
compressor unit. With greater cooling performance, it can
chill or heat up to three to five interior ac units. Although
there is only one outdoor compressor unit, the main
component of a multi-split air conditioner is servicing
each indoor AC unit's needed temperature individually.
Split air conditioners take up a lot of room and use a lot
of energy. Multi-split air conditioners save a lot of space
and energy (up to 30-35%). They can chill your living room,
kids' room, and bedroom effectively.

You can add an additional indoor unit at any time to
meet your needs. However, with the installation of an
indoor unit, you may need to replace the ac outdoor unit
to fulfil the needs of your house or workplace. You may
also fast cool a room based on your needs by activating
the strong inverter action, which temporarily pumps all
cooling into the room for a certain amount of time before
returning to its idle condition.

Multi Split Air Conditioners Supported Indoor Units
·Wall Mounted Unit
·Ceiling Mounted Cassette
·Ceiling Concealed Ducts
·Ceiling and Floor Convertible or Suspended Unit
·Console Unit

PAGE 36

CONCLUSION NOISULCNOC

In conclusion, it is safe to say that this
building has fulfil every aspect of element
that is required for an apartment building
whereby its building services which include
fire prevention system, electrical system,
telecommunication system, and mechanical
handling system are in a good condition and
with a high quality which fits the standards of
a modern building.
Throughout our observation for Vivacity Jazz
Suit Apartment, the services that are being
provided at the apartment have given a lot of
benefits in which these services contribute to
comfort and satisfaction for its users. These
building services are very crucial for this
building as it ease the workflows that are
needed for an apartment. Besides, there are
many more services that are available in this
building.
However, we have learned to appreciate the
importance of building services after doing
this assignment for Building Services II
subject. Besides, we can identify these
services and how it works. A proper selection
of services is also important as it will affect
the workflow of a building if it is improperly
being selected. The way that the services are
being provided for this building compromises
its modern standard which gives a lot of
benefits for its users.

PAGE 37

REFERENCES

(1896, November 6). Retrieved from National Fire Protection Association: https://www.nfpa.org/

Benefits of Smart Smoke Detectors. (2020, February 2020). Retrieved from Rescue Air Heating and
Cooling: https://www.rescueairtx.com/blog/2020/february/benefits-of-smart-smoke-detectors/

Brown, D. (2012, April 12). The spacing and siting of fire detection devices. Retrieved from IFSEC Global:
https://www.ifsecglobal.com/fire-alarm/the-spacing-and-siting-of-fire-detection-devices/

Midrack, R. L. (2021, August 16). What Are Smart Smoke Detectors and How Do They Work? Retrieved
from LifeWire Tech For Human: https://www.lifewire.com/how-smart-smoke-detectors-work-4150171

Tame Side. (2013, April 1). Building Control Guidance Note. Retrieved from Smoke Detectors in Dwellings:
https://www.tameside.gov.uk/buildingcontrol/guidancenotes/note16.pdf

Thomas Hammerberg. (2006, October 1). Guide To Fire Alarm Detectors. Retrieved from SDM Magazine:
https://www.sdmmag.com/articles/81591-guide-to-fire-alarm-detectors

Aliza Vigderman, G. T. (29 November, 2021). What Is A Home Security System and How Does It Work?
Retrieved from Security.org: https://www.security.org/home-security-systems/what-is-a-home-security-
system/

Chianis, A. (22 October, 2020). How to Install a Home Security System: It’s Easier Than You Think.
Retrieved from Safewise: https://www.safewise.com/blog/installing-a-home-security-system-is-easier-
than-you-think/

HOW MUCH DOES A HOME ALARM SYSTEM INSTALLATION COST? (2020). Retrieved from Magnet.
Kristijan. (n.d.). 7 Advantages of Smart Home Security Systems7 Advantages of Smart Home Security
Systems. Retrieved from The Future of Things: https://thefutureofthings.com/15753-7-advantages-of-
smart-home-security-systems/

Murrell, E. (n.d.). The Top 5 Problems with Smart Home Tech and How to Troubleshoot Them. Retrieved
from InterNACHI: https://www.nachi.org/problems-smart-home-tech.htm

THE 7 GREATEST ADVANTAGES OF SMART HOME AUTOMATION. (14 June, 2016). Retrieved from
BLUESPEED: https://bluespeedav.com/blog/item/7-greatest-advantages-of-smart-home-automation

Tholen, C. (21 October, 2021). What Is a Security System and How Does it Work? Retrieved from Safewise:
https://www.safewise.com/home-security-faq/how-do-security-systems-work/

OLANREWAJU. (n.d.). LIFT, PATERNOSTER AND TRAVELATOR AND ELECTRICAL SERVICES IN FINAL
SUB-CIRCUIT IN BUILDING.

HITACHI GROUP. (n.d.). MACHINE ROOM-LESS ELEVATOR. Retrieved from

HITACHI:http://www.hitachielevator.com.my/pdf/20210427_Model_OUG_Series_ON1.pdf tracking-

benefits-for-airports-and-airlines/

Mechanical / electrical equipment for buildings: Vertical Transportation -- Passenger Elevators (part 1).
(n.d.). Retrieved from Industrial Electronic: https://www.industrial-electronics.com/engineering-
industrial/mech-elec_31a.html

PAGE 38

REFERENCES

Knopp, M. (2022). How to Install a Ductless Air Conditioner. Retrieved from family handyman:
https://www.familyhandyman.com/project/how-to-install-a-ductless-air-conditioner/
Rana, C. (17 March, 2021). What Is Multi Split Air Conditioner And How Does It Work? Retrieved from
PIKTHEBEST: https://pikthebest.com/how-multi-split-ac-works/
Rubinoff, S. (26 December, 2018). What is a Split Air Conditioner System? Retrieved from NETWORX:
https://www.networx.com/article/split-air-conditioner-system
Services, A. A. (2021). Pros and cons of multi split aircon. Retrieved from Arlington aircon services:
https://www.arlingtonairconditioningheating.com/pros-and-cons-of-multi-split-aircon/

PAGE 39

BQS 554 - BUILDING SERVICES II

• 10 JANUARY 2021 • AP224 4B