Annual-report-GRET-2016_flipbook

20
16ANNUAL REPORT



CONTENTS

3 Editorial 20 ACTIVITIES

4 GRET, PROFESSIONALS 20 Overview of 2016 activities
FOR FAIR DEVELOPMENT 22 Focus on a selection

4 Introduction of projects
5 2014-2016 Strategy Brazil|Burkina Faso|Cambodia|
Congo|Democratic Republic
6 Overview of GRET in 2016 of Congo|France|Haiti|Laos|
Madagascar | Mauritania |
8 Governance Myanmar | Niger | Senegal |
Vietnam|Other countries|
9 An international team Multi-country approaches

10 Budget 40 DEBATES

12 SEVEN AREAS 40 The main development debates
OF EXPERTISE in 2016

13 Agriculture: value chains and 42 Capitalisation
agricultural policies 44 Networks and alliances
45 Advocacy and influence
14 Cities for all and decentralisation
15 Civic issues and democracy communication
16 Drinking water, sanitation and
Appendices:
waste management
17 Health: nutrition and social 47 Summary of 2016 activities
50 List of GRET’s productions
protection
18 Microfinance and professional in 2016
57 List of acronyms
integration
19 Natural resource management

and energy

SUPPORT FOR MARKETING AGRICULTURAL AND
FISHERY PRODUCTS IN BANDUNDU PROVINCE,
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO
© Damien Lagandré

Coordination: Claire Labat (GRET)
Translation: Jenny Gilbert (GRET)
Graphic design and production: Hélène Gay (GRET)

Cover photos: FRONT: © Pierre Ferrand (Guinea), © En Haut ! (Mauritania) – BACK: © Germain Priour (Cambodia)

Pierre Olivier
Jacquemot Bruyeron

Chairperson Managing Director

EDITORIAL is difficult and ongoing. To achieve it, helps small businesses to develop and
it is necessary to mobilise expertise, supports fair development dynamics.
2016 was a landmark year, establish real dialogue with stake- With successful results, such as the
between the signature of com- holders and implement innovative ten thousand farmers in Prey Nup in
mitments in favour of fighting solutions. Cambodia who now have access to
climate change at COP 21 in Decem- agricultural water, and the 28 million
ber 2015 and the adoption in France In these troubled times, marked by fortified meals sold in Madagascar via
of the policy document on partner- an increase in selfish populism and Nutri’zaza from 2013 to 2016. In 2016,
ship between the government and the consolidation of authoritarianism GRET’s action concerned a total of
civil society at the beginning of 2017. that is threatening even Europe, the 2.9 million people.
GRET, which celebrated its 40th anni- GRET team – with the strength of its
versary in 2016, needs these types of 714 employees, a wealth of diversity Notwithstanding this, the financial
frameworks. Because our organisa- with 20 different nationalities work- environment of our action is con-
tion does not simply play a role as ing in twenty-two countries – forms stantly changing. We must con-
an operator implementing projects, a bridge between peoples, cultures, stantly adapt: be alert to the preoc-
it also pursues an eminently politi- life experiences and different daily cupations of funding bodies, monitor
cal project. That of believing a fair and realities. With thousands of other pro- their changes in procedures, diver-
sustainable world is possible, with less fessionals working for the least advan- sify partners, be open to new ways
inequalities and less damage to the taged, it creates essential connections of working, especially possibilities for
environment. That of believing that of friendship, respect and tolerance creating“stakeholder coalitions”. With-
nothing will happen, in places that are that are vital to build together. GRET out forgetting to think about the per-
wounded and fractured, without the is consolidating its representations in tinence of our practices, both inter-
mobilisation of stakeholders from civil its countries of operation, broaden- nally and with our contemporaries in
societies in developed and developing ing its range of technical skills, inno- collectives such as Groupe initiatives
countries, or without the contribution vating, and contributing to debates and Coordination Sud.
of professionals who strive to provide and advocacy.
those who are forgotten and excluded Without ever abandoning the fight
with the means to shape their own Via its action, GRET tackles poverty against poverty and inequalities,
lives. Our ambition is huge; the task and inequalities on a daily basis, which has been the core objective of
even as they are worsening. It sup- all GRET’s work since it was created
ports local initiatives, strengthens in 1976. ❚❚
the capacities of public authorities,
April 2017

3GRET 2016 Annual Report

GRET,

PROFESSIONALS
FOR FAIR

DEVELOPMENT

INTRODUCTION

In 2016, GRET was comprised of 714 professionals, 150 pro-
jects, studies and expert evaluations involving at least
2.9 million people in 22 countries.
GRET is an international development NGO, governed by
French law and founded 40 years ago, in 1976. It works
both in the field and at political level to provide sustain-
able innovative responses to the challenges of poverty
and inequalities.
GRET is a professional NGO, in its vision of the develop-
ment sector, where it aims to provide innovative knowl-
edge and solutions; in its approach involving populations
in developing countries, whom it considers as stakehold-
ers in development; and in its practices. Convinced that
working for development requires a global, multi-discipli-
nary approach, GRET operates:
 In seven areas of expertise: Agriculture: value chains and

agricultural policies; Cities for all and decentralisation;
Civic issues and democracy; Drinking water, sanitation
and waste management; Health: nutrition and social pro-

LABELS AND CERTIFICATIONS

In 2008, GRET was awarded “socially responsible com-
pany” status, based on its non-profit nature, the allo-
cation of 100% of its profits to reserves, and the fact
that the difference between the highest and lowest
salary is lower than a coefficient of 4.
In 2010, GRET was awarded “public interest associ-
ation” status.

4 2016 Annual Report GRET

GRET, PROFESSIONALS FOR FAIR DEVELOPMENT

FIND, the endowment tection; Microfinance and profes- sustainable community of meaning,
fund dedicated sional integration; Natural resource values and rules.
to innovation for management and energy.
development GRET’s 2014-2016 strategy aims to
 With diverse professions: the overcome conjunctural constraints,
Since 2011, in partnership with com- majority of GRET’s action concerns in particular financial, in the short
panies and foundations, FIND sup- field projects. Through expert eval- term and launch initiatives that gen-
ports GRET’s innovative projects for uations, coordination of networks erate long-term effects. This strategy is
sustainable development with strong and the production of references subdivided into three strategic areas:
social and economic impacts for popu- generated by its practices, it dis-
lations in developing countries. seminates knowledge and influ-  Efficiency, by securing manage-
In 2016, FIND and its partners sup- ences practices and policies for ment, strengthening the coordina-
ported or renewed their support for fairer development. tion of its action, consolidating and
six actions: diversifying its sources of funding
- Fight against energy poverty and  From local to global level and from and preparing structural reforms
the field to policy, from villages to relating to its internationalisation.
deforestation in Mauritania thanks international bodies.
to the modernisation of cooking  Strengthening its values and
equipment, with Engie. In order to carry out its work, GRET its cohesion, by strengthening
- Transformation of typha, an inva- establishes alliances and builds human resources skills in the coun-
sive plant, into clean and renewable diverse long-term partnerships with tries where it operates, improving
energy in Senegal, with the Cartier players from associations and the eco- Social and Environmental Respon-
Charitable Foundation. nomic, public and research sectors in sibility practices, encouraging inter-
- Training via apprenticeships, a lever all the countries it works in. It is very nal debate and renewal of opera-
for the professional integration of active in French NGO networks (Coor- tional quality policy.
young people in Senegal. dination Sud, Groupe initiatives, CFSI),
- Resilience to climate change in Ile sectoral networks (Cicle, PFVT, Cerise),  Improving its production of ref-
Sainte-Marie, Madagascar. and in numerous countries (PFONGUE erences and its capacity to influ-
- Women, key players in access to in Senegal, CLIO in Haiti, INGO Forum ence by strengthening its capacity
energy in Vietnam, with the Cartier in Myanmar, etc.). In 2016, GRET partic- to adapt to its environment and to
Charitable Foundation. ipated in over 80 formal and informal innovate, improving management
- Promotion of innovative irrigation collectives, 55 of which are located in of its knowledge, communication
techniques to improve food security its countries of operation. and particularly advocacy.
in Myanmar and Cambodia, with
the Louis Dreyfus Foundation. 2014-2016 STRATEGY In 2016, GRET continued to under-
take structural reforms to implement
More information Since 1976, GRET has been expand- its strategic choices:
on FIND: ing, while at the same time remaining
www.gret.org/find loyal to the fundamentals that under-  Gradual roll-out of its new internal
pin its identity. Its 40th anniversary information system.
TESTING SPRINKLER MICRO-IRRIGATION celebrations, at headquarters and in
SYSTEMS IN FARMS, AYEYARWADDY DELTA, the field, gave it an opportunity to  Continued progress on the various
MYANMAR © GRET firmly reassert its mandate, i.e. create HR projects, in particular the issue
a fairer and more sustainable world of safety of teams and creation of
by fighting poverty and reducing a benchmark of key functions, at
inequalities. headquarters and in the field.

GRET’s vision: a solid, international,  Implementation of a pilot telework-
decentralised, plural, influential ing scheme.
organisation in which countries of
operation and headquarters form a  Creation of customised institu-
tional communication kits for the
various representation countries.

 Strengthening of its presence on
the web and on social networks
(see textbox on page 46). ❚❚

5GRET 2016 Annual Report

GRET, PROFESSIONALS FOR FAIR DEVELOPMENT

Overview of GRET in 2016

714 professionals 11

of 20 different nationalities LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN

150 Actions in
partnership with:
operations
of which: 19

71% scientific institutions

107 field projects 180

19% operational partners

28 studies, research and 121
capitalisation
financial partners
10%
2.9 million
15 expert evaluations and
short missions people affected by
GRET’s work worldwide
6 2016 Annual Report GRET

GRET, PROFESSIONALS FOR FAIR DEVELOPMENT

710 areas of expertise
EUROPE

including DOM/TOM 22 countries of operation

90 Number

AFRICA of operations

per region

39

SOUTH EAST ASIA

6 publications

by Editions du GRET

12 expert reports 13 initiatives
supported by FIND,
34 presentations including 8 in
partnership with companies
at public events (conferences,
workshops, etc.) 2016
INTERNATIONAL
138 media 
DEBATES circular economy
coverage
official launch of the SDGs
370,000 pages  private sector involvement Habitat III

viewed on www.gret.org official development aid

39 new videos the commons biodiversity

online payments for environmental services

carbon storage COP 22

bamboo value chain

7GRET 2016 Annual Report

GRET, PROFESSIONALS FOR FAIR DEVELOPMENT

Governance

GRET’S GOVERNANCE agement board as external adminis- Membership of the
trators. Pascale Le Roy and Tahirou
As a stakeholder in the social and soli- Traoré were elected for a first man- Management Board
darity economy, GRET sets itself stand- date as elected staff representative
ards in terms of transparency and administrators. Chaired by Pierre Jacquemot,
internal democracy. Its orientations former French Ambassador in three
are defined by the General Assembly, In Haiti, GRET benefits from the sup- African countries, the members of
which takes place twice a year. GRET port of a Strategic Committee made the Management Board are:
welcomes new members from its up of former GRET representatives and
countries of operation and permanent managers, academics, strategic part- External administrators:
representation every year. In 2016, ners and advisers with whom it has Thierry Matthieussent (GRET’s
165 people of 12 different national- developed close links down through treasurer, retiree, former head of
ities were members of GRET: Burkina the years. mission with the AFD), Xavier
Faso, Cambodia, Congo, Democratic Benoist (deputy managing director
Republic of Congo, France, Haiti, Mad- PARTICIPATION IN of the Pact-Farim Federation),
agascar, Mauritania, Myanmar, Niger, GOVERNANCE OF Jacques Lejeune (retiree, former
Senegal, and Vietnam. PARTNER STRUCTURES director of hospitality and tourism
companies), Cécile Sportis (director
The Management Board, of which GRET’s teams also contribute to the of CS Consulting), Serge Michailof
the chairperson is elected for a governance of partner structures: (associate researcher at IRIS), Daniel
renewable three-year mandate, is Henrys (independent public health,
made up of staff representatives and  Administrator of NGO collectives community health and community
development experts. GRET works or networks: Coalition eau, Groupe development consultant in Haiti)
under the operational responsibil- initiatives, A2DM, Cerise, CFSI, Cicle. and Iharizaka Rahaingoson
ity of a Managing Director, elected (company manager in the IT sector
for a three-year mandate that can be  Shareholder or member of social and the production of print and
renewed once. and solidarity economy compa- electronic books).
nies whose values it shares and
In 2016, Pierre Jacquemot was whose development it wishes to Elected staff representative
chairperson. Olivier Bruyeron was support: Altermondes in France, administrators: Pascale Le Roy,
re-elected for a second three-year Nutri’zaza in Madagascar, iSEA in Damien Lagandré and Tahirou Traoré.
mandate. Daniel Henrys and Iha- Cambodia, etc. ❚❚
rizaka Rahaingoson joined the man- Observers: Anne Bauer, Alain Billan,
Benoît de Juvigny, Virginie Rachmuhl
and Henri Rouillé d’Orfeuil.

A WORD FROM DANIEL HENRYS uation of communities to be improved, but it also serves as an
interface between communities on the ground and State organ-
new GRET administrator in 2016 isations. I would like GRET to continue increasing its presence
internationally, to grow further by expanding its activities - espe-
❯❯ Daniel Henrys, GRET’s first representative in Haiti, served cially its reflections and support for the development of public
policies – in the countries where it is already working, as well as
as minister of Public Health in the country in the early 1990s. in new fields. Because there is still much to do, especially in the
“GRET is an organisation that makes proposals enabling the sit- area of health.”

8 2016 Annual Report GRET

GRET, PROFESSIONALS FOR FAIR DEVELOPMENT

190An international teamMYANMAR
CAMBODIA After several years of moderate tion, sociology, communication, etc.)
Breakdown per countryMAURITANIA158MADAGASCAR growth, overall staff numbers and skills in the areas of project coor-
decreased by 7.3% in 2016, dination, facilitation and manage-
76FRANCE headquarters mainly due to the transfer of ment, with a view to successfully con-
one of the structures backed by ducting GRET’s activities.
54 GRET in Myanmar (Corad).
LAOS These professionals were working as
53BURKINA FASO On 31 December 2016, 714 profes- follows:
sionals were rolling out their know-
53HAITI how combining technical expertise  76 employees at headquarters;
(agronomy, urban planning, hydrau-  41 employees overseas;
NIGER 43 lics, economics, anthropology, nutri-  7 international solidarity volunteers;
GUINEA  590 employees with local con-
SENEGAL 32
tracts. ❚❚
CONGO 20

16

VIETNAM 7 GENERAL ASSEMBLY

DRC 6 
MANAGEMENT BOARD
3
Chairperson: Pierre Jacquemot
1

MALI 1 Knowledge    Communication
TANZANIA 1 Management Unit MANAGING DIRECTOR Unit

François Enten Olivier Bruyeron Claire Labat

   
Administrative and Human Resources Operations Forward Planning
Financial Directorate Directorate
Directorate Directorate
Marie-Odile Cardera Damien Thibault
Jean-Christophe Lallau Marc Lévy

 
13 LOCAL REPRESENTATION OFFICES
3 DEPARTMENTS
coordinate teams and activities
coordinate and manage activities
-Brazil Elektra Rocha -Madagascar Luc Arnaud
-Food and Rural Economy -Burkina Faso Claire Kaboré -Mauritania Nalla Samassa
Aurore Mansion -Cambodia Chanty Meas -Myanmar Phyo Min Swe
-Congo Didas Kouakoua Kedjouani -Niger Moussa Hainikoye Issa
-Social Policy and Civic Issues -DRC Emmanuel Buovolo -Senegal Emilie Barrau
Reiye Gandzounou Matombou -Haiti Ledu Annacacis -Vietnam Ninh Huu Nguyen
-Laos Arnaud Vontobel
-Basic Services and Natural Resources
Jean-François Kibler

9GRET 2016 Annual Report

GRET, PROFESSIONALS FOR FAIR DEVELOPMENT

BREAKDOWN OF PRODUCTION

16% IN 2016 BY COUNTRY 6%
6%
MADAGASCAR CAMBODIA
CONGO

13% HAITI 5%

10BURKINA FASO % SENEGAL 3% LAOS

MYANMAR 12% DRC 2% GUINEA
VIETNAM
8% MAURITANIA 1% 1%
1% NIGER

Budget OTHER COUNTRIES 16%
AND MULTI-COUNTRY

G RET’s level of production, which enjoyed strong BUDGET IN 2016 25.5 million euros
growth during the two previous years, slowed
down in 2016: it amounted to 25.5 million euros. BREAKDOWN OF PRODUCTION
However, we observed an increase in the volume of pro- IN 2016 BY ACTIVITY
duction of studies and expert consulting missions com-
pared to 2015. 2016 was also a strong year for new pro-
jects in terms of proposals and of projects awarded: the
total amount at closure of new projects signed in 2016 was
29 million euros, compared to 16 in 2015.

The year was marked by the launch of four projects for 83%
amounts greater than 2.5 million euros, which demon-
strates the trust financial partners place in us, and pos- 8%
sibly also a change in their funding methods. 8%

Although it increased, the gross margin on activity remains expert evaluations, 1% field projects
insufficient and makes it difficult to cover all our costs; hence a research and
negative gross surplus. In fine, earnings for the year resulted capitalisation studies and
in a profit, thanks to the positive outcome of the tax inspec- short missions
tion conducted in 2016 – for which accrued expenses were
recorded in 2015 as a precautionary measure – which demon-
strates GRET’s compliance with tax regulations.

The portion of field projects in GRET’s activity remains coordination,
dominant. In terms of geography, significant changes were communication
observed compared to 2015. These vary according to coun-
tries, in terms of project end dates and new projects that and training
are launched more or less quickly. ❚❚

❯❯ European Union 32%

14 ❯❯ AFD 16%
7
SOURCE 5 32 ❯❯ Private funding 16%
OF FUNDING 10 16
❯❯ French Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International
for the Active 16
Portfolio in 2016 Development, and French Public funding 10%

❯❯ Decentralised cooperation 5%

❯❯ Developing country funding 7%

❯❯ Other funding 14%

10 2016 Annual Report GRET

GRET, PROFESSIONALS FOR FAIR DEVELOPMENT

Profit and loss statement Book sales 2016 % 2015 %
Production of goods and services 18 27
IN Scientific production 97% 97%
THOUSAND Other products 24,570 3% 27,357 3%
Total production 736 1% 713 0%
EUROS Direct costs for activities 131 116
Direct staff costs for activities 100% 100%
Support staff costs for activities 25,455 - 75% 28,214 - 77%
Total consumption - 19,189 - 17% - 21,807 - 16%
Gross margin on activities
Indirect staff costs - 4,398 - 2% - 4,615 - 3%
Overheads - headquarters - 598 - 95% - 709 - 96%
Total structural costs
Gross operating surplus - 24,185 5% - 27,131 4%
Release from risks and expenses 1,270 - 4% 1,083 - 3%
Provisions for risks and expenses - 898 - 3% - 750 - 3%
Other expenses - 774 - 6.6% - 713 - 5.2%
Operating results - 1,672 - 1.6% - 1,463 - 1.3%
Financial results - 402 - 380
Exceptional gains and losses 587 - 1.6% 349 - 1.9%
Tax on profits - 459 - 460
Net profit before allocation - 145 3% - 42 11.1%
Deferred revenue - 418 - 533
NET PROFIT 112 3% 142 11.1%
1,072 3,530
0 0
767 3,140
0
767 3,140

Balance sheet ASSETS 2016 2015
Tangible and intangible assets 109 25
IN Financial assets 322 173
THOUSAND Total assets 431
Work in progress 198
EUROS Accounts receivable 39,909 47,166
Advance payments for projects 6,163
Current assets 3,630 4,619
Cash 1,098
Prepaid expenses 49,702 52,884
Unrealised foreign exchange losses 11,529 12,334
TOTAL ASSETS
39 63
LIABILITIES 0 0
Association funds and reserves
Income 61,701 65,478
Deferred revenue
Total equity 2016 2015
Provisions 4,597 1,457
Long-term debt 3,140
Long-term capital 767
Suppliers and other debts 0 0
Fiscal and social debts 4,597
Current liabilities 5,363
Income collected in advance 635 552
Unrealised foreign exchange losses 0 0
TOTAL LIABILITIES
5,998 5,148
5,894 6,780
1,195 2,211
7,089 8,991
48,614 51,338

0 0
61,701 65,478

11GRET 2016 Annual Report

SEVEN AREAS OF
EXPERTISE

In 2016:

AGRICULTURE: VALUE CHAINS AND AGRICULTURAL POLICIES

42 projects and consulting missions
in 18 countries involving 531,000 people

CITIES FOR ALL AND DECENTRALISATION

9 projects and consulting missions
in 4 countries involving 185,000 people

CIVIC ISSUES AND DEMOCRACY

8 projects and consulting missions
in 6 countries involving 5,000 people

DRINKING WATER, SANITATION AND WASTE MANAGEMENT

41 projects and consulting missions
in 15 countries involving 730,000 people

HEALTH: NUTRITION AND SOCIAL PROTECTION

25 projects and consulting missions
in 10 countries involving 854,000 people

MICROFINANCE AND PROFESSIONAL INTEGRATION

21 projects and consulting missions
in 9 countries involving 34,000 people

NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND ENERGY

20 projects and consulting missions
in 10 countries involving 430,000 people

AN ONION FARMER IN TANZANIA, SUPPORTED BY GRET AND
MVIWATA, MALIMBICHI PROJECT © Laurent Levard

SEVEN AREAS OF EXPERTISE

Agriculture: value chains
and agricultural policies

NATIONAL FORUM FOR VALIDATION OF THE ROADMAP
ON RURAL LAND POLICY IN GUINEA © Simon Delotter

18 COUNTRIES OF OPERATION Benin|Burkina Faso|Cambodia|Cameroon|
Democratic Republic of Congo|France|Guinea|Haiti|Ivory Coast|Laos|Madagascar|
Mali|Mauritania|Myanmar|Niger|Senegal|Tanzania|Vietnam

EXAMPLES OF PARTNERS APESS|CCFD-Terre solidaire|CIRD|Corad|FONGS|MGE

42 projects and consulting missions in 2016, involving 531,000 people

S ince it was created in 1976, GRET works in particular on agroecolog-  strengthening the capacities of
GRET has been promoting the ical practices and on approaches ena- farmers’ and professional organi-
development of family farming bling improvement of populations’resil- sations and civil society to provide
and agrifood value chains by improv- ience to the impacts of climate change; new services to their members, to
ing access for crop and livestock farm- be included in decision-making pro-
ers to land, natural resources and  structuring of value chains and cesses within value chains and territo-
means of production, and also via food supply to towns and national ries, and to participate in agricultural
increased productivity and sustaina- & regional markets. GRET is particu- and commercial policies at national,
bility of production systems. GRET also larly interested in small processing regional and international level. ❚❚
facilitates access for crop and livestock businesses, enhancement of prod-
farmers to the market, and focuses ucts via proof of quality and creation www.gret.org/themes/
on developing the value of agricul- of job opportunities for women and agriculture-en
tural products. It also strengthens the young people;
capacity of farmers’ and professional
organisations to have greater impact FOOD SAFETY, RESILIENCE AND
on organisation of activities in value AGROECOLOGY IN GUINEA
chains and on public policies. GRET
carries out its work via projects in the ❯❯ The Ebola epidemic that hit the country in 2014-2015 had huge political, eco-
field, support to partners and consult-
ing missions. Its approach is based on nomic and social impacts. In 2016, the European Union implemented an interna-
the inclusion of productive, commer- tional action programme to promote resilience, making it possible to strengthen and
cial, institutional and land issues: expand the actions of two previous projects in Guinea: the first, devoted to improv-
ing the capacities of organisations in the rice and palm oil value chains in Upper
 support for the development and Guinea, Forest Guinea and Lower Guinea; the second, focused on strengthening food
implementation of decentralised joint security in the enclaves of northern Guinea. “The Sara project associates the partners
land policies securing better access for involved in these two actions with a view to strengthening the resilience and autonomy of
family farms to land and resources, in 22,000 family farmers and small rural entrepreneurs in local agricultural value chains in
particular for minority groups; Middle Guinea and Forest Guinea. The project will contribute to securing their food and
their income in the face of health crises and climate change”, specifies Cécile Broutin,
 improvement of agricultural produc- agricultural value chains programme manager with GRET.
tion & livestock breeding methods,
and of overall management of farms.

13GRET 2016 Annual Report

SEVEN AREAS OF EXPERTISE

Cities for all and
decentralisation

DEVELOPMENT OF PEDESTRIAN ZONES ABOVE
MANJOIE RAVINE IN PORT-AU-PRINCE, HAITI
© Sylvain Leynaud

4 COUNTRIES OF OPERATION Congo|France (French Guiana, Réunion)|Haiti|Senegal

EXAMPLES OF PARTNERS Artélia, Groupe Huit, I Care & Consult, capital cities (one million inhabitants)
Soliha federation and associations|AAISC and Municipality of and in secondary cities, together with
Dolisie in Congo|Adema, ID and UCLBP in Haiti local and national players. GRET’s work
is guided by its objective to combat
9 projects and consulting missions in 2016, involving 185,000 people urban relegation and ensure rights
to the city for the greatest possible
T oday, three billion people live port in the area of urbanisation, and number of people, taking a sustaina-
in cities. 80% of urban growth has been working in cooperation on ble development approach. This can
occurs in developing coun- urban development (150 projects, be achieved through better recog-
tries. In 2015, over 880 million peo- 100 studies and 50 publications). It nition of the place of poor inhabit-
ple were living in “slums” according supports decentralisation mecha- ants in the city, through grassroots
to UN-Habitat; this figure will rise nisms that redesign territorial balance dynamics and initiatives in disadvan-
to two billion by 2030. Since it was to bring it in line with socio-spatial taged districts, and redistribution of
created, GRET has been convinced realities and people working in the public investments.
that cities have a major role to play field. It works in poor peri-urban and
in development and in providing sup- city-centre districts, in average-sized In the least developed countries, espe-
cially in Sub-Saharan Africa, priority
INNOVATING TO RESPOND TO THE ISSUE is given to urban growth, rural exo-
OF SPONTANEOUS HOUSING dus and access to services for all. GRET
IN FRENCH GUIANA works to promote the implementation
of urban planning strategies, improve-
❯❯ 10,000 people live in the commune of Maripasoula, in French Gui- ment of housing, access to services
and development of employment. It
ana, which has a population growth rate of 7.6%. Spontaneous housing is pre- combines appropriate technical solu-
dominant and exponentially increasing. GRET and Soliha Mayotte conducted a tions, original funding mechanisms
pre-operational study for the commune with a view to launching grant schemes and institutional multi-player man-
for improvement of existing housing and new construction. “The study made it agement systems to make the goods
possible to demonstrate that traditional systems are inappropriate: on the one hand and services created sustainable. Its
because the majority of households have very low incomes and have no access to credit; experts teach in Master degree pro-
and on the other hand because the formal building supplies and construction sector is grammes to train the professionals
practically inexistent. With local stakeholders we designed an intervention strategy of the future (University of Bordeaux
based on innovative tools: LES-A (supervised partially self-built evolutionary social Montaigne, French Urban Planning
housing, self-help renovations for owner-occupiers), Ogral (group light home improve- Institute, L’école des mines engineer-
ments operations), and RHS (resorption of spontaneous housing)”, explains Renaud ing institute in France). ❚❚
Colombier, urban development programme manager with GRET.
www.gret.org/themes/cities

14 2016 Annual Report GRET

SEVEN AREAS OF EXPERTISE

Civic issues and
democracy

GROUP OF WOMEN LEADERS WHO RECEIVED LEGAL
TRAINING IN VINH PHUC, VIETNAM © GRET

6 COUNTRIES OF OPERATION Algeria|Burkina Faso|Congo|France|Mauritania|Vietnam

EXAMPLES OF PARTNERS Batik International|CDI|CGT|CGTV|Djantoli

8 projects and consulting missions in 2016, involving 5,000 people

B eing able to decide, make  strengthening of stakeholders in in northern Vietnam (Phu Nu project)
informed choices according associations, communities, social and the start of a new multi-coun-
to the opportunities avail- services and institutions for greater try project (Vietnam-France) explor-
able, participate in decision-mak- inclusion of vulnerable populations; ing recourse to the law as a tool for
ing processes or contribute to pub- solidarity, in particular for migrant
lic debate on societal choices, are all  access to information and knowl- women. In Burkina Faso, the use of
ways of being an active citizen, indi- edge via better knowledge of infor- mobile telephony facilitated the dis-
vidually or collectively, beyond exer- mation technologies and influence semination of practical information
cising the right to vote. These various communication; to young mothers (MobiSan project),
ways of acting as a citizen contribute while 55 organisations, mainly wom-
to reducing inequality of access to  promotion of a dialogue between en’s organisations, were strengthened
resources, opportunities, basic ser- all public and private, formal and in eight communes in the Adrar region
vices and decision-making processes. informal stakeholders for the provi- of Mauritania, for effective participa-
This can be achieved by: sion of basic public services and the tion of civil society in the socio-eco-
defence of rights for all people, for nomic development of the region
 becoming aware of the rights and more inclusive social policies. (Asca project). ❚❚
responsibilities of all people and
access to information on rights (e.g. 2016 marks the end of the first phase www.gret.org/themes/
housing, access to health insurance, of a pilot project to improve living citizenship
existing social services, labour law, etc.); conditions for almost 1,000 women
working in factories in industrial zones

LAW: A CHANNEL FOR SOLIDARITY vulnerable, is a lever for creating solidarity that can lead to new
BETWEEN VARIOUS STAKEHOLDERS partnerships with trade union stakeholders or grassroots legal
aid services. “A pilot operation in France and Vietnam, supported
❯❯ Strengthening of stakeholders, via a mirror effect facilitat- by CFSI as part of the ‘Cooperating differently, as actors of change’
Programme, made it possible to organise a partnership with French
ing sharing of experiences among contemporaries from diverse trade union CGT and its equivalent in Vietnam. This initiative, which
local and national contexts, improves awareness-raising with- made it possible to facilitate sharing of experiences at national level
out imposing a model. Discussion on existing laws – when they in Hanoi and to highlight these civic legal practices, was the subject
are favourable – and ways of promoting ownership of these laws of a documentary and a capitalisation”, specifies Patricia Huyghe-
by the stakeholders concerned, in particular those who are most baert, rights and civic issues programme manager with GRET.

15GRET 2016 Annual Report

SEVEN AREAS OF EXPERTISE

Drinking water, sanitation
and waste management

BUTT WELDING OF A DRINKING WATER PIPE
IN CHHEU KHMAO, CAMBODIA © Germain Priour

15 COUNTRIES OF OPERATION Burkina Faso|Cambodia|Chad|Comoros|Congo|DR Congo|
Djibouti|France|Haiti|Laos|Madagascar|Mauritania|Myanmar|Senegal|Vietnam

EXAMPLES OF PARTNERS Coalition Eau|Irreed|Lereps|Lysa|Municipalities of Rosso and
Boghé in Mauritania|Sedif|SIAAP

41 projects and consulting missions in 2016, involving 730,000 people

A YEAR MARKED BY THE STRENGTHENING three correlated principles: strengthen-
OF SUB-REGIONAL EXCHANGES ing of private and public stakeholders
in their capacity to conduct their mis-
❯❯ The thematic discussions dynamic launched in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, at the sions (project ownership, management,
and regulation of services); organisa-
end of 2015 continued throughout 2016. A workshop organised in Saint-Louis in tion of inclusive governance meth-
Senegal at the start of the year brought together the West-African and Malagasy ods for these services; and the devel-
teams to focus on the issue of sanitation marketing. This meeting made it possi- opment of technical solutions that are
ble to share experiences in this area in Madagascar, Mauritania and Burkina Faso, coherent with the local context.
thus preparing the launch of projects using this approach in Senegal. The workshop
concluded with a one-day feedback session with the Senegalese and Mauritanian GRET’s teams mobilise various types
partners in the sanitation sector. It also led to the publication of lessons learned of know-how, from technical engi-
from this workshop (Marketing de l’assainissement : le “social business” au plus près neering to social intermediation, via
des besoins locaux [Sanitation marketing: “social business” working in close prox- support for businesses or coordina-
imity with local requirements], see page 43). tion of contracting processes. These
extensive skills enable them to sup-
T he Sustainable Development GRET has been working for over port stakeholders involved in sup-
Goals, which came into force on 30 years to support fair, sustainable, ply of drinking water, sanitation and
1st January 2016, reassert that quality access to the basic services of waste management in their missions –
supply of drinking water, sanitation supply of drinking water, sanitation from strategic planning to regulation
and waste management is essential and waste management in develop- of services, via defending users and
for the respect of human health and ing countries. Whatever the technical management. To meet these multiple
dignity. It is not just about ensuring and governance structures proposed, needs, the means mobilised combine
universal access, it is also necessary GRET considers supply of drinking multiannual project management,
to ensure equity of access. Despite water, sanitation and waste manage- studies and consulting missions, par-
the progress observed in recent dec- ment from both a technical and social ticipation in networks and production
ades, needs remain hugely significant, point of view, in order to propose of knowledge. ❚❚
in terms of both quantity and qual- solutions suited to local contexts. This
ity of service. approach to basic services is based on www.gret.org/themes/
drinking-water-sanitation

16 2016 Annual Report GRET GRET 2016 Annual Report

SEVEN AREAS OF EXPERTISE

Health: nutrition and
social protection

MOBILE VENDING OF FORTIFIED GRUEL
IN MADAGASCAR © Johary Ratefy

10 COUNTRIES OF OPERATION Benin|Burkina Faso|Cambodia| of national public policies in terms
Guinea|Haiti|Madagascar|Mali|Mauritania|Niger|Senegal of nutrition, community health and
social health protection; and lastly,
EXAMPLES OF PARTNERS Cambodian National Social Security support for the implementation of
Fund|IRD|Médecins du monde|Nutri’zaza|Terre des Hommes nutrition-sensitive activities.

25 projects and consulting missions in 2016, involving 854,000 people GRET has been working for 20 years
in the health sector, more specifi-
Every year, 100 million people nerable populations by focusing on cally in maternal and child health.
fall below the poverty line six pillars: provision of appropriate for- With the Nutridev programme, devel-
because of illness. Malnutri- tified food produced locally with the oped with the IRD since 1994, GRET
tion is responsible for half of infant local private sector; awareness-raising works on long-term prevention of
mortality and generates negative on appropriate practices in terms of malnutrition by improving feeding,
impacts for one out of every two feeding, maternal and child healthcare hygiene and healthcare practices,
children through to adulthood. It is and family planning; improvement mainly with women of childbearing
both the cause and the consequence of the quality of health services via age and children under the age of two.
of poverty and under-development. strengthening of community-based
In order to break this vicious circle of health systems; development of social Since 1997, it has also been deploy-
malnutrition-illness-poverty, GRET health protection schemes; support ing social health protection systems
works to improve the health of vul- for the definition and implementation to protect people with low incomes
against the risk of catastrophic health
REMOVING FINANCIAL BARRIERS expenditure, which is a real poverty
TO ACCESS HEALTHCARE SERVICES trap. In contributing to national uni-
versal healthcare coverage strategies,
❯❯ As part of the Programme for improvement of maternal and child health the objective is to facilitate and extend
social health protection to popula-
(PASMI, coordinated by Médecins du Monde in Madagascar), GRET is developing tions not covered by traditional sys-
solidarity funds associated with four primary health care centres to cover trans- tems (informal sector), as well as to
port costs for pregnant women when an emergency referral to hospital is nec- adjust services for vulnerable popu-
essary. “In 2016, we demonstrated that by extending coverage of transport costs to lations in the formal sector.
all emergency services, the contribution rate could increase significantly (up to 41%)
if this improved service was combined with strong involvement of the local authority, GRET conducts actions in the field,
collection of contributions directly within the fokontanys (villages) and increased pro- with a focus on facilitating in particu-
motion among the population”, says Christiane Rakotomalala, Health and Nutri- lar the link between the community
tion programme manager with GRET in Madagascar. These lessons learned were and primary healthcare structures. ❚❚
shared during a workshop to exchange experiences with the Malagasy ministry
of Health, with a view to anticipating integration of the solidarity funds into the www.gret.org/themes/
social health insurance mechanism that will be gradually developed in Madagascar. health-nutrition

17GRET 2016 Annual Report

SEVEN AREAS OF EXPERTISE

Microfinance and
professional integration

TEACHING SEWING, PARTAG PROJECT, CONGO
© Samuel Pambou

9 COUNTRIES OF OPERATION Burkina Faso|Cambodia|Congo| ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT
France|Mali|Mauritania|Myanmar|Senegal|Tanzania AND SOCIAL ACTION

EXAMPLES OF PARTNERS ADG|Cerise|CGAP|Coopec-Resopp| ❯❯ In 2016, GRET launched a fea-
COPAS|CUN|Enda Graf Sahel|E-Sud|Foranim-Consult|
GIAC|Inap-FTP sibility study for a project focus-
ing on the implementation of
Microfinance tion to the socio-economic context of the National policy for social
areas of operation are essential. GRET action in Congo (PNAS). The
10 projects and consulting missions also aims to preserve the social per- study targets the productive
in 2016, involving 30,000 people formance of MFIs. In this regard, it is inclusion of vulnerable peo-
a founding member and administra-
Microfinance aims to provide finan- tor of Cerise, the network for reflec- ple via training and business devel-
cial services to populations excluded tion and discussion on responsible opment services in the Brazzaville, Pointe-
from the traditional banking system. microfinance practices. Noire and Pool areas. “The action is based on
Initially, the concept of microfinance work in social action constituencies, in order to
was closely related to micro-credit, Business development take into account the broader constraints that
but it evolved due to the growing services, vocational training the target population may face, such as access
diversification of products provided and professional integration to healthcare or family and social issues”, says
and the development of various types Reiye Gandzounou, head of the Social pol-
of microfinance to meet the broader 11 projects and consulting missions icy and civic issues department at GRET.
issue of financial inclusion. in 2016, involving 4,000 people The study is being conducted in partner-
ship with the COPAS and E-Sud consultan-
GRET has been working to promote For the last 30 years, GRET has been cies, funded by the AFD, and commissioned
financial inclusion for over 25 years, in providing business development by the Congolese Ministry of social affairs,
particular in rural areas. GRET works services to small economic opera- humanitarian action and solidarity.
to create microfinance institutions tors in the informal, crafts and agri-
(MFIs), as well as providing technical food sectors. It works on technical tion and vocational training system.
assistance to existing institutions, via and strategic aspects (management, Since 2008, GRET has been working
the implementation of projects, one- support-consulting, information, more broadly on youth employment
off consulting missions and coordina- training), and on structuring value via support for young people in their
tion of networks (management of the chains and professional organisations. integration process. It also coordinates
Microfinance Gateway). the Entreprendre au sud knowledge
In the area of vocational training, GRET dissemination portal. ❚❚
GRET strengthens the capacities of implements apprenticeship systems
its partners to conduct their mission designed to suit the local labour mar- www.gret.org/themes/
targeting financial inclusion of disad- ket – in particular in the informal sec- microfinance-and-professional-
vantaged rural populations over the tor and rural communities – that are
long term. The quality of governance linked with the existing formal educa- integration
of the institutions and their adapta-

18 2016 Annual Report GRET

SEVEN AREAS OF EXPERTISE

Natural resource
management and energy

DRYING TYPHA BIOCHAR IN THE VILLAGE OF RONKH
IN SENEGAL © Claire Labat

10 COUNTRIES OF OPERATION Brazil|Burkina Faso|Cambodia|Democratic Republic of Congo|
Haiti|Laos|Madagascar|Mauritania|Senegal|Vietnam

EXAMPLES OF PARTNERS Barefoot College|Cirad|Conservation International (CI)|
Diawling National Park|Gaston Berger University|IRD|Wildlife Conservation Society

F or almost 30 years now, GRET ing are often the result of inappropri- ernance of natural resources, ensur-
has been defending and pro- ate exploitation of lands and preda- ing their sustainability and greater
moting development trajecto- tory behaviour regarding natural equity between users. Its teams sup-
ries that are responsible, respect the resources. Climate change presents port the management of protected
environment and are adapted to the an additional threat, as it generates areas, forests, coastal areas and water
challenges of climate change. Its pro- variations in rainfall that accentuate resources. Where pertinent, they also
jects take sustainable and participa- imbalances. propose the introduction of incentiv-
tive approaches targeting improved ising economic instruments.
governance, fairness in value chains In the absence of effective regulatory
and preservation of ecosystems. tools, when land, water and associ- Energy
ated resources officially belong to the
Natural resource management State, free access to these resources is 9 projects and consulting missions
encouraged. Users have no sense of in 2016, involving 315,000 people
11 projects and consulting missions responsibility and the risk of conflict is
in 2016, involving 115,000 people high. To counter this dynamic, which 1.6 billion people have no access to
is detrimental for the environment electricity and 3 billion people use
The erosion of biodiversity and the and vulnerable populations depend- coal and biomass for cooking.
aggravation of low-flows and flood- ing on it, GRET works for local gov- GRET works to facilitate access to
electricity and the production of bio-
EVALUATION OF THE 1ST PAYMENT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL energy, through the development
SERVICES CONTRACT IN MADAGASCAR of appropriate innovative solutions
– Typha coal, multifunctional solar
❯❯ In 2016, GRET, C3EDM and IDDRI conducted the evaluation of the first Pay- platforms, hydroelectric rural mini-
grids, etc. – by facilitating renewa-
ments for Environmental Services (PES) contract signed in Madagascar in Sep- ble energy, a balanced public service
tember 2013. This mechanism was implemented in the commune of Tolongoina, and the development of economic
as part of a project supporting rural electrification (Rhyviere Project, 2008- activities. ❚❚
2013), following work by GRET and IRD enabling the co-definition, with users
of land in the water catchment area, of environmental services they can provide www.gret.org/themes/
to electricity users upstream of and on definition of the contract. The evaluation resource-energy
demonstrates that this participative approach must be followed by regular sup-
port for the structures governing the mechanism, as well as substantial efforts 19GRET 2016 Annual Report
for the identification, testing and adjustment of technical solutions for farm-
ers’ changes in practices generated by the provision of environmental services.

ACTIVITIES

Overview
of 2016
activities

❯❯ The statistics given only concern
countries where GRET had teams in 2016.
One activity may concern several countries.

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN
BRAZIL since 1988
1 employee, 1 project in 2016,
involving 500 people
HAITI since 1995
53 employees
9 projects and 1 consulting mission in 2016,
involving 226,000 people

DIGGING TO INSTALL A GRAVITY LINE IN A SMALL STREET IN GUET NDAR,
ACTING PROJECT, SENEGAL © Khadim Diop

ACTIVITIES

SOUTH EAST ASIA

CAMBODIA since 1988

54 employees
5 projects and 3 consulting missions in 2016,
involving 240,000 people

LAOS since 2004

16 employees
4 projects and 1 consulting mission in 2016,
involving 261,000 people

EUROPE MYANMAR since 1995

FRANCE since 1976 190 employees
76 employees 15 projects and 1 consulting mission in 2016,
1 project and 10 consulting missions in 2016, involving 85,000 people
involving 152,000 people
VIETNAM since 1988

7 employees
3 projects and 1 consulting mission in 2016,
involving 7,700 people

AFRICA, INDIAN OCEAN MAURITANIA since 1991
43 employees, 12 projects
BURKINA FASO since 2003 and 2 consulting missions in 2016,
53 employees involving 219,000 people
6 projects and 2 consulting missions in 2016,
involving 240,000 people NIGER since 2006
3 employees
CONGO since 2002 2 projects and 2 consulting missions in 2016,
20 employees involving 87,000 people
5 projects and 4 consulting missions in 2016,
involving 88,000 people DRC since 1998
6 employees
GUINEA since 1995 2 projects and 3 consulting missions in 2016,
1 employee involving 401,000 people
3 projects and 2 consulting missions in 2016,
involving 41,000 people SENEGAL since 1989
32 employees, 12 projects
MADAGASCAR since 1988 and 5 consulting missions in 2016,
158 employees involving 109,000 people
14 projects and 1 consulting mission in 2016,
involving 804,000 people TANZANIA since 2002
1 employee, 1 project in 2016,
involving 7,000 people

21GRET 2016 Annual Report

ACTIVITIES

Focus on a selection
of projects

BRAZIL agement of the biodiversity corridor
became operational, a second call for
tenders for the selection of forest con-
cessionaries was launched, and a book
on the project, capitalising its achieve-
ments, was distributed. ❚❚

www.gret.org/countries/
latin-america-caribbean/brazil

BURKINA FASO

Sustainable management of
the forest and biodiversity in
the State of Amapá (Geflo)

2012-2016 | Budget: 4.7 M€ | Funding:
FFEM | Partners: Conservation Interna-
tional (CI), State of Amapá.

The State of Amapá wants to make Mobile telephony for
Flota, a State forest created in 2006, an maternal and child health in
example of sustainable management the Eastern Region (Mobisan)
within a biodiversity corridor. GRET
is supporting the government of the 2015-2017 | Budget: 1.1 M€ | Fund-
State of Amapá to consolidate its pol- ing: AFD, Fondation Bel | Partners: ABF,
icy for conservation and management Apac, Burkinabe ministry of Health, Djan-
of biodiversity and the development toli, Fandima, Onatel and Orange.
of this forest, which extends over a
surface area of 2.4 million hectares.
In 2016, dialogue with civil society
continued and several actions were
undertaken: the trust fund for man-

22 2016 Annual Report GRET

ACTIVITIES

72% of the Burkinabe population an awareness-raising service on health CAMBODIA
have a mobile phone subscription: and nutritional practices via text mes-
an opportunity to improve health in sages, which benefits from the sup- Agricultural development
the most remote communes. In the port of the two main mobile phone in Siem Reap (Apici)
province of Gourma, GRET is testing operators in the region (4,000 sub-
three community-based health ser- scribers in 6 months, including 41% 2014-2017 | Budget: 409 k€ | Funding:
vices using mobile telephony: Djan- of men); monitoring of referencing CG 92, Louis Dreyfus Foundation | Part-
toli, a service to continuously moni- and the healthcare circuit of children ners: CIRD and the Siem Reap Department
tor the health of children under five identified as chronically malnour- of Agriculture.
in their homes (444 active subscrip- ished, launched at the end of 2016
tions at the end of 2016); AlloLaafia, during the malnutrition screening Since 2010, GRET has been imple-
campaign conducted in the Eastern menting the APICI project (develop-
COMOROS © GRET / BRAZIL © GRET / region of Burkina Faso. Institutional ment of sustainable agriculture for
CAMBODIA © Germain Priour meetings with various stakeholders family farming) in partnership with
are also organised on a regular basis. CIRD and the Siem Ream region pro-
WOMEN PREPARING SHEA BUTTER ON vincial Department of agriculture.
THE OUTSKIRTS OF ARLY NATIONAL PARK Governance and optimum The project aims to intensify and diver-
IN BURKINA FASO © Afaudeb use of natural resources in two sify agricultural production by mobi-
national parks (Pape) lising agroecological techniques. The
objective is to increase the income of
2013-2016 | Budget: 1.2 M€ | Funding: small farmers and strengthen farming
Afaudeb, EU | Partners: Afaudeb, Eastern organisations. The project has made
Regional Council in France. it possible to build 339 family ponds
to improve access to water for agri-
Negative pressure on the protected cultural activities.
areas of the Parks of the Entente GRET is supporting the creation of
(Benin, Burkina Faso and Niger) is farmers’ organisations and facilitat-
increasing. In order to contribute to ing the development of local collec-
the conservation of biodiversity, GRET tors who transport farming prod-
and Afaudeb provided support to vil- ucts to markets. With this system,
lage communities living close to the collectors play a key role in con-
parks in order to create, develop and necting local products to markets:
manage eight new village hunting 300 farmers can now access markets
areas (over 11,000 hectares). A study more easily and significantly increase
to evaluate the governance of wild- their income. Every month, 80 tons
life, fishing & ecotouristic potential, of vegetables are sold via this sys-
as well as the creation of two provin- tem at local markets.
cial unions and one regional union of
village wildlife management groups
should foster advocacy for the trans-
fer of skills and resources in the area of
wildlife and fisheries resources.

Income for over 1,100 households was
improved thanks to the construction
of a vegetable oil extraction unit in
Pama and via support provided to
approximately fifty groups transform-
ing non-timber forest products (shea,
balanites, honey, etc.). ❚❚

www.gret.org/countries/africa-
indian-ocean/burkina-faso-en

23GRET 2016 Annual Report

ACTIVITIES

Management and CONGO
development of access
to water and sanitation in
Kampot (MADEAU)

2013-2016 | Budget: 436 k€ | Funding:
AESN, Municipality of Paris | Partners:
KWS, PDPWT.

In Kampot, a touristic town in south- Support for the private
ern Cambodia, huge differences exist and not-for-profit
between the urban centre and rural waste pre-collection sector
outskirts, to the detriment of very in Brazzaville (Filipa)
low-income populations.
2014-2018 | Budget: 1.4 M€ | Funding:
GRET worked with the Kampot Water AFD via the General Delegation for Major
Supply authority and public partners Projects (C2D) | Partners: Municipality
in order to strengthen technical man- of Brazzaville and District municipalities.
agement and the extension of the
drinking water supply network, test To support the municipality of Brazza-
appropriate sanitation solutions and ville to work in the waste pre-collec-
promote dialogue between stake- tion sector, GRET is proposing solu-
holders. tions to coordinate and regulate the
sector and make services more widely
Between 2012 and 2016, KWS con- available. The municipalities issue
nected 1,500 more households to the authorisations to run the service to
network, including 228 poor house- pre-collection operators (PCOs) that
holds. Consumption of electricity was are often informal.
reduced by 12%, that of inputs by
30%, and 98% of users seem satisfied GRET supports the latter via training
with the quality of water. 682 sanita- on their rights and obligations, on
tion systems were sold via marketing health risks and on management of
approaches, of which 45% to low-in- their activity. In future, a capital devel-
come households. opment fund will make it possible to
influence their technical performance,
“The innovations introduced by the pro- while marketing activities will aim to
ject should be made sustainable as, increase client numbers.
despite everything, the services econ-
omy remains fragile”, stresses the pro- “Local authorities, PCOs and the private
ject manager, Sin Khanndarith. ❚❚ operator in charge of collection are now
exchanging ideas, as each party sees
www.gret.org/countries/ the relevance of sharing experiences for
south-east-asia/cambodia operation of their activities. The issuing
of authorisations to operate the pre-
EMPTYING MOTORCYCLE DUMPERS  collection service demonstrates recogni-
AT THE HOUSEHOLD WASTE TRANSIT tion of the PCOs’ work”, explains Marie
Guillaume, project manager.
AREA IN DOLISIE, CONGO
© Renaud Colombier

24 2016 Annual Report GRET

ACTIVITIES

Communal and community- Halfway through the project, sev-
based microprojects eral elements of progress are note-
in Brazzaville (MICAB II) worthy: a diagnosis of GIAC was con-
ducted and a 10-year action plan was
2012-2016 | Budget: 1.3 M€ | Funding: drawn up; management support ser-
AFD, EU | Partners: AAISC, the district vices and a central purchasing unit to
municipalities of Makélékélé, Bacongo, facilitate access for artisans to inputs
Talangaï and Mfilou-Ngamaba. are now operational; a system for mul-
ti-stakeholder consultation was set up
Access to basic services in Brazzaville to facilitate dialogue on issues relating
remains very unsatisfactory. GRET to the artisan sector. A training centre
implemented the MICAB II project in was also created within GIAC, which
four districts of the city: Makélékélé, trained a first class of 44 youths for the
Bacongo, Talangaï and Mfilou-Nga- CAP (Certificate of Professional apti-
maba. It supported local stakehold- tude), with an 80% success rate. “GIAC
ers to discuss sectoral issues and is now considered as a ground-breaker
define priorities in the form of joint in certification of apprenticeships and
sectoral action plans. 36 local organ- vocational training in the artisan sec-
isations – residents’committees, Civil tor in Congo”, explains Serge-Alain
Society Organisations (CSOs) and N’Tsakala, Chairperson of GIAC. ❚❚
decentralised services – benefitted
from technical and financial support www.gret.org/countries/
to improve their capacity for action africa-indian-ocean/congo-en
and implement projects to the ben-
efit of approximately 26,000 inhabit- DEMOCRATIC
ants in various domains: improvement REPUBLIC
of roads, street lighting, equipment OF CONGO
of libraries, rainwater drainage, rais-
ing awareness of young people, etc.
A system to strengthen capacities,
combining targeted, customised tools
and collective support, was provided
for the entire initiative.

Support project for the
small-scale business sector
via strengthening of the
Interprofessional artisan group
of Congo-GIAC (PARTAG)

2015-2018 | Budget: 1.5 M€ | Funding: Agroforests for the
AFD, EU. development of Kipushi
(AFODEK)
With the PARTAG project, GRET is
strengthening the capacities of the 2012-2017 | Budget: 3.1 M€ | Funding:
Interprofessional artisan group of CPP, EU | Partners: CPP, Nature+.
Congo (GIAC) – a network created in
1996 that brings together 600 arti- The AFODEK project enabled the
sans – to contribute sustainably to the implementation of a 2,200-hectare
economic development of small-scale agroforestry area in the province of
businesses and to access for appren-
tices to training and employment.

25GRET 2016 Annual Report

ACTIVITIES

Katanga. Governance of this area is According to Mathieu Le Corre, head
ensured by agroforestry operators in of mission: “The data collected as part
Kipushi, via 10 associations that are of this wide-reaching study should ena-
organised within a structure called ble us to design more programmes that
CAPAK. The latter monitors agrofor- are better focused.”
estry activities, manages warnings and
exclusion of operators, and is involved Support for the
in the resolution of land problems implementation of the
alongside customary and administra- strategy for marketing and
tive authorities. “At the end of 2016, access to the agricultural
CAPAK also became engaged in the pro- products market (Prodadekk)
cess of transfer to its name of land deeds
already acquired for 1,200 hectares by 2016-2017 | Budget: 104 k€ | Funding:
the local project partner”, says Emma- CTB.
nuel Inakiluba Mwansa, Chairperson
of CAPAK. Funded by Belgian technical overseas
cooperation, the Prodadekk project
In 2016, family farms planted acacias aims to reduce the food deficit and
over 130 new hectares, and 34 vol- poverty in the provinces of Kwilu and
unteers built individual houses for Kwango via sustainable revival of the
their families in the area thanks to the agricultural sector. The area of inter-
provision of materials. The first trees vention is particularly extensive, with
planted are now 3 years old, are in numerous administrative and eco-
flower and are home to edible cater- nomic interlocutors and 22 unions
pillars and mushrooms. receiving support.

Diagnostic study on poverty Technical assistance provided by
and access to water, sanitation GRET aims to support the implemen-
and hygiene tation of the strategy for marketing
and access to the agricultural prod-
2016-2017 | Budget: 560 k€ | Funding: ucts market. The specific objective is
World Bank | Partners: Cabinet Experts, to define, with the project team and
Hydroconseil. partners, a methodology for market-
ing agricultural products (cassava,
Access to water, sanitation and corn, leguminous crops) and their
hygiene is a major challenge for the plant material, to put this methodol-
DRC. Rates are among the lowest in ogy in place and support it to ensure
the world and inequality of access farmers have real access to markets.
between rural and urban areas, GRET is providing farmers with sup-
between provinces, and between port so that they can define market-
rich and poor households are sig- ing strategies, and review business
nificant. To identify bottlenecks that plans for their processing centres &
limit access for the poorest 40% of the storage facilities; it is also providing
population, the World Bank decided them with support to manage infra-
to conduct a large-scale study, structures. ❚❚
which it entrusted to the Hydrocon-
seil-GRET-Cabinet Experts group. www.gret.org/countries/
africa-indian-ocean/drc
GRET was in charge of conducting
qualitative surveys (6,000 surveys in DIAGNOSTIC STUDY ON POVERTY AND 
all) and identifying a head of mission. ACCESS TO WATER, SANITATION
Focus groups were organised, both
in rural and urban areas, and several AND HYGIENE IN THE DEMOCRATIC
resource people were interviewed. REPUBLIC OF CONGO © GRET

26 2016 Annual Report GRET

ACTIVITIES

finance”, says Elodie Gouillat, Financial
inclusion expert with GRET.

The Microfinance Gateway makes it
possible to access over 10,000 publi-
cations on 38 subjects, key information
on countries and regions, employment
opportunities, a calendar of events, etc.
It proposes content in four languages
and receives over one million visits per
year. In 2016, the Gateway entered into
partnerships with five new organisa-
tions in order to make practices in the
sector constantly more accessible:
www.microfinancegateway.org/fr

FRANCE Study on the consistency of
policies with development:
the case of the Economic
partnership Agreement with
West Africa

2016-2017 | Budget: 58 k€ | Funding:
French Ministry of Agriculture, Agrifood
and Forestry.

Knowledge management In 2016, GRET began conducting a
and dissemination via the study on the consistency with devel-
Microfinance Gateway opment of the Economic Partner-
ship Agreement (EPA) currently being
Since 2015 | Budget: 96 k€ for the cur- signed with West Africa.The study aims
rent phase | Funding: World Bank | Part- to identify risks of a clash between the
ner: CGAP. promotion of French agrifood value
chains following the EPA on the one
Management of knowledge makes hand, and regional development &
it possible to understand and inno- food security in West African coun-
vate so as to meet the requirements tries on the other hand. The objective
of poor populations. GRET and CGAP being, based on case studies in the
have been working together since 2005 region, to propose a methodology and
to disseminate knowledge on finan- an analysis grid to identify these types
cial inclusion via the publication of of clashes. The first part of the study
the Microfinance Gateway. This web- conducted in 2016 made it possible to
site is the French-language documen- identify the main product groups for
tary reference for microfinance. “The which potential clashes exist, i.e. milk,
complementarity of our know-how as a dairy products, wheat and substituta-
field project operator and as a research ble local products. On this basis, it was
body provides added-value for changing agreed that two case studies would be
practices and policies in terms of inclusive carried out in 2017, one on Ivory Coast
and the other on Senegal. ❚❚

www.gret.org/countries/
europe/france/?lang=en

27GRET 2016 Annual Report

ACTIVITIES

HAITI 100,000 live births according to the
WHO.The main obstacles to health ser-
Support project for vices are their limited availability, their
the development and recons- cost and limited knowledge on health
truction of Desprez (PARAD) amongst the population. In this con-
text, GRET has been contributing since
2014-2017 | Budget: 6.2 M€ | Funding: January 2016 to the Timama project (a
EU, Oxfam | Partner: Oxfam. consortium project led by MdM), which
aims to improve access to and qual-
The objective of the project is post- ity of sexual and reproductive health
earthquake development and recon- care via strengthening capacities of
struction of the Desprez district in all stakeholders in the health pyramid.
Port-au-Prince, where the majority of Within this project, GRET is working on
the population lives in very precarious strengthening the community-based
conditions. PARAD contributes to sus- health system and the implementation
tainably improving the living condi- of health education activities. A cash
tions of inhabitants by using various transfer system for safe motherhood
levers: drawing up an urban planning should also be tested in two health cen-
document for the district, urban devel- tres to reduce the financial barrier dur-
opment work (roads, public spaces), ing pregnancy and delivery, a barrier
support for economic initiatives, work that was reinforced at the end of 2016
on mitigating risks (development of following cyclone Matthew. ❚❚
ravines, street lighting), improving
access to services, strengthening local www.gret.org/countries/
organisations’ capacities, support for latin-america-caribbean/haiti-en
households to rebuild their homes.
“PARAD also facilitates improvement LAOS
of housing via the promotion of group
housing operations that strengthen the
urban character of the district,” says pro-
ject manager Odile Reiher.

Timama Project Sewage management
in Vientiane
2016-2018 | Budget: 860 k€ | Funding:
AFD | Partners: ACTED, EMI, ID, MdM, 2015-2018 | Budget: 1.2 M€ | Funding:
SOE, SOFA. AIMF, AESN, SIAAP, Vientiane municipal
services management office | Partner: WTA.
Despite progress in recent years, the
rate of maternal mortality remains high The market for emptying septic tanks
in Haiti, with 350 maternal deaths for is rapidly growing in Vientiane, but

28 2016 Annual Report GRET

ACTIVITIES

illegal dumping of untreated sewage In 2016, six concession contracts were
generates health and environmental signed between the local authorities
risks for inhabitants in the capital. In and the future private operators. Work
order to face these challenges, GRET on setting up services subsequently
and WTA are proposing support to the began. In parallel, GRET organised
municipality via the construction of a awareness-raising sessions for com-
sewage treatment plant with annual munities and supported local author-
capacity of over 36,000 m3, support ities to develop tools for regulating
and strengthening of the emptying water services. “Strong mobilisation
market, and creation of appropriate of the provincial authorities regarding
regulation & communication tools the model for management of water
to promote best practices. Prelimi- services based on local public-private
nary studies for the plant were com- partnerships is a key factor for the suc-
pleted in 2016 and work on the plant cess of the project”, explains Toy Phom-
started in April. malin, a socio-economist with GRET. ❚❚

“Trust and dialogue are gradually being www.gret.org/countries/
established between stakeholders to south-east-asia/laos-en
improve sanitation in the capital and
deal better with the challenges posed
by urban development of the city”, says
Vilayvone Chanthalaty, director of the
Vientiane municipal services manage-
ment office (ex-VUDAA).

MADAGASCAR

Development of mini
drinking water supply networks
(Mirep)

2005-2017 | Budget: 5.1 M€ for the cur-
rent phase | Funding: AESN, AFD, Aquas-
sistance, Australian overseas cooperation,
City of Paris, Lao government, local entre-
preneurs Sedif, UN-Habitat | Partner: East
Meets West Foundation.

With support from GRET, Lao pub- Integrated actions
lic authorities defined and tested a in nutrition and feeding
model for management of water ser- practices (Aina)
vices based on public-private part-
nership to extend access to water in 2015-2017 | Budget: 1.5 M€ | Funding:
the country’s emerging cities, with the EU, FAO | Partners: AIM, CARE, FIDA,
goal of supplying drinking water to ICCO, PAM, WHH.
80% of the urban population by 2020.
The objective of the Aina project is to
Since the project started, 11 water ser- improve agricultural production and
vices have become operational and nutritional practices in the regions of
seven are currently being set up. In the Anosy and Androy in order to reduce
long term, 70,000 people will benefit the proportion of the population suf-
from access to drinking water. fering from hunger. The project activ-
ities, intended for 74,000 households
WATER TREATMENT PLANT WITH REED-BASED
FILTERS IN VIENTIANE, LAOS © GRET

29GRET 2016 Annual Report

ACTIVITIES

and 71,000 children under the age laboration between communities and
of 5, focus in particular on the mul- public authorities”, says Manuel Linot,
tiplication and distribution of seeds the project manager.
and plant material that can withstand
local conditions, participative train- Implementation of
ing for farmers, training and aware- sustainable mechanisms to
ness-raising on best nutritional prac- develop access to water
tices, and promotion and distribution and sanitation (Méddea II)
of complementary foods.
2013-2017 | Budget: 3.5 M€ | Funding:
In 2016, GRET’s technical partner CTAS EU, FONDS SUEZ initiatives, Greater Lyon,
produced 99 tons of seeds. CTAS is Nord-Pas-de-Calais Region in France, pro-
now breeding and maintaining 37 ject communes, SEDIF | Partners: com-
certified local varieties in quality munes; Ministry of Water, Sanitation and
declared systems. 15,000 households Hygiene; private operators.
are already engaged in agroecological
practices using these varieties. In Madagascar, only a very small pro-
portion of the population has access
Aina’s agricultural practices will con- to improved drinking water and san-
tinue with the Asara project until itation services: in 2015, only 7% had
2018; the nutrition activities will con- access to a drinking water supply net-
tinue until 2017, with Aina 2. work and only 12% were equipped
with improved toilets. These figures
Improving living conditions have an impact on public health, par-
and supporting concerted ticularly on infant mortality (at a high
management of marine and rate of 5% in 2015). Following on from
terrestrial natural resources the Méddea I project (2008-2012), GRET
(Fihavotana) extended its work to approximately fif-
teen rural communes in five regions.
2015-2018 | Budget: 979 k€ | Fund-
ing: AFD, Cartier Charitable Foundation, By providing support to communes
Darwin Initiative, FIND, The Leona M. for project management, GRET is par-
and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust | ticipating in the setting up of 12 new
Partners: Cirad, FOFIFA, WCS. drinking water supply networks, the
management of which is awarded via
The unique ecosystems in the Mana- calls for tender to small private opera-
nara-Nord Biosphere Reserve are tors. 25 sanimarkets organised in a net-
threatened by the combined effects work called Diotontolo produced, sold
of demographic growth, lack of ara- and installed over 4,500 hygienic toi-
ble land and stable employment, illicit lets. “Professionalisation of supply man-
timber trafficking and weak institu- agement and transition to a system of
tions. In six communes and 23 villages, payment for water will require a phase of
over 100 pilot farmers are testing and support for stakeholders”, says Mamisoa
disseminating improved agricultural Andriamihaja, the project manager. ❚❚
techniques. In all, over 300 people
were trained. GRET is drawing from www.gret.org/countries/africa-
the social cohesion of local communi- indian-ocean/madagascar-en
ties to build shared projects for man-
agement of natural and land resources. MONITORING GROWTH OF YOUNG 
“We are currently working on clarifying CHILDREN IN MADAGASCAR © GRET
rules for contract-based management of
forests with a view to strengthening col-

30 2016 Annual Report GRET

ACTIVITIES

MAURITANIA Improving the resilience
of vulnerable populations
in terms of food and nutrition
security (Resanut)

2014-2017 | Budget: 1.6 M€ | Funding:
EU | Partners: AGIRabcd, Ajar, Arr and
Ould M’Bonny communes.

Support for civil society The region of Guidimakha in Mauri-
in Adrar (Asca) tania is characterised by high prev-
alence rates of acute and chronic
2015-2016 | Budget: 347 k€ | Funding: malnutrition (8% and 19%). Despite
EU | Partner: RPC. significant agricultural potential, local
production barely covers 20% of basic
In Adrar, GRET is participating in the food needs for the poorest section of
development of civil society. 272 peo- the population.
ple were trained in nine subjects,
including management. 55 organi- GRET and its partners are working to
sations, including 36 women’s organi- strengthen the resilience of popula-
sations, received support to structure tions to deal with climatic shocks and
their activities and create synergies to prevent their impacts on food and
with the authorities. Funding was nutrition security.
awarded to 29 microprojects led by
these organisations in the areas of In 2016, 600 mothers benefited from
education, agriculture and crafts. cash and food transfers during the
hunger gap. The capacities of over
“Adapting to contexts and realities in 4,500 farmers – including 95% of
the field is the key to providing effec- women – were strengthened (tech-
tive support”, explains Kane Mama- nical training, agricultural advice,
dou, project manager. inputs, etc.) and these farmers diver-
sified their vegetable production. The
The Asca project ended in November project also implemented 33 points of
2016. A civil society centre was set sale for Misola infant flour and raised
up and acts as a veritable resource the awareness of 9,500 mothers on
and exchange centre that contrib- best feeding practices.
utes to making the project’s action
sustainable. Conservation of biodiversity
in Diawling National Park
In parallel to these actions in the field, via sustainable participative
GRET initiated reflection with local management
and international NGOs with a view
to developing a new, more sustaina- 2015-2019 | Budget: 913 k€ | Funding:
ble, more effective approach in terms BACoMaB, Fondation Ensemble, MAVA
of support for civil society. An initial Foundation | Partner: PND.
draft was shared with the EU and the
Mauritanian State. The Diawling National Park was cre-
ated in 1991 to compensate the mod-
ification of water regimes generated
by the construction of the Diama dam,
at the mouth of the Senegal River. The
park is attempting to rehabilitate

31GRET 2016 Annual Report

ACTIVITIES

ecosystems, in particular via flood supplying it with urban services. How-
management systems. The actions ever, hydraulic infrastructures in the
undertaken have already made it pos- district are very poorly developed and
sible for the area to re-emerge as a there are only a very limited number
major site for bird nesting, especially of connections in areas already cov-
migratory birds. ered by supply networks. In this con-
text, the project aims to extend the
GRET is supporting the park to imple- supply of water to 2,000 more house-
ment its Development and manage- holds thanks to construction and ren-
ment plan aimed at conserving and ovation of infrastructures, promotion
restoring biodiversity, sharing gov- of connections and implementation of
ernance with local populations and social policy on water aiming to facili-
capturing economic value from nat- tate access to the service for all.
ural resources for villagers. In 2016,
111 women and 76 school children GRET and its partner are also sup-
planted 10,000 sporobolus plants and porting the municipality to improve
harvested 400 kg of this grass used to the quality of the service, in particu-
make mats; picking water lilies made lar via the development of technical
it possible to produce 6,550 kg of a and commercial management tools.
type of couscous appreciated for its “Improving the performance of the ser-
taste and nutritional values. ❚❚ vice must go hand in hand with incen-
tives for households to be connected in
www.gret.org/countries/ order to ensure the quality and sustain-
africa-indian-ocean/mauritania ability of the service supplied to inhab-
itants”, says Thibaut Le Loc’h, project
manager.

MYANMAR Adaptation to climate
change and agricultural
innovation in the Dry Zone

2015-2018 | Budget: 930 k€ | Funding:
Cartier Charitable Foundation, FIND.

Drinking water and The project currently being imple-
sanitation project in a district mented in the districts of Monywa
of Mandalay and Yinmabin covers 75 villages and
targets 2,540 poor small farmers sub-
2016-2019 | Budget: 2.5 M€ | Funding: jected to the detrimental effects of cli-
AFD | Partner: Suez Consulting. mate change – intense droughts or
unpredictable heavy rains.

Through agricultural support and
strengthening of training and tech-
nical services, GRET is seeking to
increase the resilience of these farm-
ers. The main project activities are
the implementation of anti-erosive
measures for soils, which leads to
an improvement in farmers’ income

In 2011, the district of Amarapura was WOMEN ARTISANS COLLECTING WATER 
integrated into the outskirts of the city LILIES IN DIAWLING NATIONAL PARK, A VALUE
of Mandalay, which is responsible for
CHAIN SUPPORTED BY GRET (MAURITANIA)
© Mohamed Abdallahi

32 2016 Annual Report GRET

ACTIVITIES

and in the surrounding environment. NIGER
Regular support with management
advice is also provided and increases
the capacities of small farmers to bet-
ter adapt to change, while encour-
aging them to use inputs and tech-
niques that respect the environment.
GRET is coordinating close cooper-
ation between agricultural depart-
ments, research centres and the agri-
cultural university, ensuring their
practices are coherent with farmers’
working conditions.

Creation of a microfinance Support programme
institution in the Dry Zone for food security of
households (Pasam-tai)
2013-2019 | Budget: 3.1 M€ | Funding:
LIFT. 2014-2016 | Budget: 399 k€ | Funding:
USAID | Partners: CRS, Icrisat, Munici-
The objective of this project is the palities of Mayahi and Matameye.
creation of a microfinance institu-
tion (MFI) in the region of Sagaing. The Pasam-tai project contributes to
The project is drawing on two dec- the food security of Nigerien house-
ades of experience, capitalised via the holds. In 2016, it enabled the imple-
development of a similar initiative in mentation of two fortified infant
Chin State. The MFI currently being flour production units in Matameye
set up in the Dry Zone is intended to and Mayahi. Women’s groups were
become a financial institution gov- selected to produce the flour and
erned by local law that will provide market it via an inclusive economic
loans to vulnerable populations in the model. These production units are a
region. At the end of 2016, the project major component in local economic
was supporting 8,600 borrowers in development as they are the only
the municipalities of Budalin, Monywa industrial units in the localities con-
and Yinmabin. cerned. In 2016, Niger had a total of
seven infant flour production units.
In the course of the year, LIFT reiter- The latter produced and marketed
ated its confidence in GRET by extend- approximately 77 tons of flours, i.e.
ing its partnership to June 2019. “The just under 13 million fortified flour-
project must deliver responsible finan- based meals, and enabled creation
cial services and adopt appropriate of employment for over 125 women.
practices in terms of corporate govern-
ance, with a broader vision and a precise Documentary analysis
mission. While always keeping its main of complementary feeding for
objective in mind: helping poor popula- children under the age of two
tions to break out of the poverty cycle
and improve their livelihoods”, says U 2016 | Budget: 10 k€ | Funding: UNICEF.
Win Naing, general manager of the
future MFI. ❚❚

www.gret.org/countries/ Conducted between June and
south-east-asia/myanmar-en December 2016, the literature review

33GRET 2016 Annual Report

ACTIVITIES

of complementary feeding for chil- initiative, which is scheduled to be
dren under the age of two made it published in 2017, was supported
possible to establish an overview of by GRET and materialised by a guide
knowledge on the determinants of providing tools and benchmarks to
feeding for infants and young chil- ONAHA to extend this approach to
dren in Niger. It enabled humanitar- all irrigated areas in Niger. ❚❚
ian and State players to ascertain the
gaps that exist in terms of knowledge www.gret.org/countries/
on prevention of malnutrition via the africa-indian-ocean/niger-en
rational use of food supply – within
households, in local markets and in SENEGAL
the wilderness.

The conclusions of this study highlight
the necessity to provide a national rec-
ipe booklet taking into account ethnic
specifications, availability per region
and the seasonality of this availa-
bility. Two other aspects were also
identified: the necessity of conduct-
ing anthropological studies specifi-
cally targeting infant feeding as a sub-
ject, and the necessity to integrate an
action-research approach in projects.

Guide for the land tenure
security of hydro-agricultural
infrastructures

2016 | Budget: 20 k€ | Funding: GWI Total integrated concerted
(UICN and IIED), via the Howard G. Buf- sanitation in the Guet Ndar
fett Foundation | Partner: ONAHA. district (Acting)

Irrigated areas of Niger have not 2013-2018 | Budget: 2.7 M€ | Funding:
been subject to procedures testify- AESN, CG27, City of Saint-Louis, EU,
ing to the legal status of land and the MAEDI | Partners: ADC, ONAS.
rights of beneficiaries. With demo-
graphic pressure and the depletion of In the Guet Ndar district of Saint-Louis,
resources, this informality, whereby sanitation conditions are particularly
arrangements are made “amicably” precarious. More than half of house-
between the State and the traditional holds have no access to improved san-
holders of customary rights, creates itation facilities. The Acting project
legal insecurity both for the State and aims to implement a sustainable san-
for farmers. itation service in this district, in par-
ticular via a collective network cater-
So in 2014, the National office of ing for 13,000 people.
hydro-agricultural infrastructures
(ONAHA) launched a process aimed Apart from infrastructures, which
at experimenting, formalising and are an integral part of a sustainable
generalising a land tenure security funding and management scheme,
approach for existing and future irri- the project aims to raise awareness
gated areas, based on a pilot oper- of inhabitants, implement a market-
ation conducted at the Namardé ing strategy to facilitate the connec-
Goungou site. Capitalisation on this

34 2016 Annual Report GRET

ACTIVITIES

tion of households and strengthen notions of social inclusion and exclu-
the capacities of local stakeholders for sion, by the end of the project farm-
sustainable management of the ser- ing families in eight regions of Sene-
vice. After more than a year of studies, gal should be able to access financial
work began in November 2016 and services packages (loans/health and
will last 12 months, in a context where agricultural insurance combined with
significant constraints exist (proximity awareness-raising on the culture of
of groundwater, density of housing). insurance) and non-financial services
(vocational training for young rural
Provision of integrated workers and women).
services in rural areas for social
inclusion in Senegal (Osiris) “These services packages must ena-
ble farmers to reduce their exposure to
2015-2018 | Budget: 5 M€ | Funding: economic, social and environmental
ECOWAS, EU | Partners: ADG, Resopp, risks, and to develop more stable and
Coopec-Resopp, Cnaas, Graim. profitable economic activities”, says
Elodie Gouillat, financial inclusion
expert with GRET.

In 2015, GRET, together with Sene- Typha Senegal
galese credit union Coopec-Resopp,
launched a project offering integrated 2016-2018 | Budget: 450 k€ | Funding:
services for better social inclusion of Cartier Charitable Foundation, FIND |
vulnerable rural populations. Work- Partners: Gaston Berger University, Higher
ing closely with its five partners, GRET Institute of Technology in Rosso.
is facilitating access for 600,000 peo-
ple to mechanisms promoting their Since the Diama anti-salt dam began
social and economic inclusion. Fol- operating in 1986, the ecosystem of the
lowing awareness-raising on the Senegal River has been invaded by a
reed called typha australis. Until now,
CLEANING AND SORTING OF PEARL MILLET no programme to eradicate or control
BY WOMEN WORKERS AT THE GARIN YAARA the typha plant has succeeded in con-
PRODUCTION UNIT IN MAYAHI, NIGER © GRET taining its growth.Today this plant cov-
ers over 100,000 hectares of the aquatic
environment. In partnership with the
Higher Institute ofTechnology in Rosso
and Gaston Berger University, GRET
has turned this scourge into a verita-
ble opportunity by converting typha
into charcoal for use as biofuel.

The technologies initially developed
in Mauritania were transferred to Sen-
egal, with a view to creating a group of
sustainable typha biofuel businesses:
machinery and tool suppliers, rural
production businesses, micro mar-
keting businesses. Typha biofuel is a
promising alternative to charcoal pro-
duced via deforestation. ❚❚

www.gret.org/countries/
africa-indian-ocean/senegal-en

35GRET 2016 Annual Report

ACTIVITIES

VIETNAM Solar energy: replication of
the Barefoot College model

2015-2017 | Budget: 86 k€ | Funding:
Cartier Charitable Foundation, FIND |
Partner: Barefoot College.

Professionalisation of Over 3 million people living in Viet-
household waste management nam have no access to the electricity
(Pro 3) grid, especially in the mountainous
regions in the north and centre of the
2016-2019 | Budget: 1 M€ | Funding: country. This is the area in which GRET
AFD, City of Paris, Syctom, Vietnam Coop- and Barefoot College are testing the
erative Alliance | Partners: Institute capacity to replicate a model for sus-
for Water and Environment, Song Hong tainable access to solar energy devel-
Centre, Vietnam Cooperative Alliance. oped by Barefoot College.

In Vietnam, household waste manage- In 2016, six villages in the Thanh Hóa
ment represents a major challenge province with a total of 216 families,
due to the growth of the population two satellite schools and five com-
and economic activity in rural towns munal houses were equipped with
and cities. individual solar kits. The latter were
installed by four women from the
Taking a global approach, the Pro 3 target villages who took a six-month
project aims to improve the envi- solar technician training course in
ronment in Vin Phuc province via India. “The solar kit is very efficient, it
strengthened monitoring, recycling enables me to work in the evenings. My
experiments, provision of support to children like it because it allows them to
cooperatives collecting waste and do their schoolwork after dinner,” says
production of tools that are useful Mrs. Pham Thi Dang, a resident in the
for all stakeholders in the value chain, village of Eo Dieu.
from political to operational level.
“The project is contributing to solv- Living conditions of migrant
ing environmental problems caused women (Phu Nu)
by household waste in rural areas,”
explains Mr. Khanh, deputy director 2014-2017 | Budget: 439 k€ | Funding:
of the province’s department of for- AFD, CCFD-Terre solidaire, CG93, FIND,
eign affairs. Juriste-Solidarités, Oxfam-Solidarity |
Partners: Batik International, CDI.
A survey conducted in the province’s
118 rural communes made it possi- In industrial zones in Vietnam, the
ble to draw up programmes of activ- vast majority of immigrant workers
ities for strengthening of capacities, are women. Due to lack of infrastruc-
development of infrastructures and tures and services in these regions,
the creation of a credit union. these women live in very precari-
ous conditions. The Phu Nu project
aims to improve the living conditions
and social inclusion of these migrant
women in the provinces of Hai Duong
and Vinh Phuc. In 2016, 700 women
participated in regular meetings
organised by 30 clubs. Thanks to the

36 2016 Annual Report GRET

ACTIVITIES

involvement of 35 women who bene- unemployment. “The project focuses in
fitted from training, over 200 meetings particular on upstream dialogue with
on various subjects took place: labour agriculture-related businesses in the for-
law, the health system, etc. Four mul- mal and informal sectors, in order to
ti-stakeholder meetings and work on design training that meets labour mar-
coordination between local authori- ket requirements in terms of qualifica-
ties, businesses and landlords made tions”, says Charles Bakyono, national
it possible to solve some of the prob- technical assistant.
lems encountered by these women
workers. ❚❚ Working in partnership with Malian
organisation FORANIM Consult, GRET
www.gret.org/countries/ has mobilised a dedicated team of four
south-east-asia/vietnam-en people and international expertise to
implement this project, which should
OTHER COUNTRIES create a new training offer in agricul-
ture-related professions and make it
possible to train almost 1,000 young
people and adults via initial training
and continuous vocational training in
the two centres built by the project.

www.gret.org/countries/africa-
indian-ocean/mali/?lang=en

Provision of technical
assistance to the Directorate-
General of Energy, Mines and
Water in the Comoros

2016-2017 | Budget: 300 k€ | Funding:
AFD, Lysa Group.

Mali: improving the The Directorate-General of Energy,
competitiveness of businesses Mines and Water (DGEMW) is the
via vocational training (Acefor) contracting body of Geceau, a Pro-
ject, a water supply project concern-
2016-2021 | Budget: 3.2 M€ | Funding: ing 30,000 people on the island of
AFD | Partner: FORANIM Consult. Ngazidja. It must also facilitate a pro-
cess of sectoral reform for which it
As part of the Acefor project, GRET is not well equipped. GRET and Lysa
is providing technical assistance to Group are providing the DGEMW with
the Malian ministry of Employment technical assistance that should ena-
and Vocational Training. The objec- ble it to accomplish three missions:
tive is to improve the competitiveness translate the reform of the sector in
of businesses via vocational training operational terms, lead the Geceau
in the Sikasso and Ségou regions, project efficiently so that it can serve
and to contribute to reducing youth as a laboratory for the reform, and
strengthen the capacities of local
SOLAR PANELS FOR THE ELECTRIC WORKSHOP stakeholders in the sector. GRET has
IN THE VILLAGE OF CAO HOONG, THANH HOÁ mobilised its expertise for the reform
PROVINCE, VIETNAM © Ninh Huu Nguyen of the sector, for the services economy
and subcontracting.

37GRET 2016 Annual Report

ACTIVITIES

Study on the situation and MULTI-COUNTRY
challenges of rural and APPROACHES
agricultural land in Guinea

2016 | Budget: 298 k€ | Funding: AFD |
Partner: INSUCO.

In order to inform reflections under- Innovations for local
way on land reform, the Guinean min- production and distribution
istry appointed GRET and INSUCO to of quality fortified foods
conduct analysis and coordination on in Burkina Faso, Niger, Mali
rural and agricultural land issues. The and Benin
objective of this work was to inform
a multi-stakeholder dialogue with 2015-2017 | Budget: 187 k€ | Funding:
a view to drawing up a roadmap to ECOWAS.
conduct the entire process of reform
in the coming years. In West Africa, complementary feed-
A diagnostic study of rural and agri- ing for very poor young children is
cultural land issues in Guinea’s four partly responsible for the high prev-
major natural regions was discussed alence of malnutrition.
with stakeholders – officials, farm-
ers and civil society organisations – As part of a project funded by ECOWAS,
in order to identify the main con- GRET contributed to stimulating the
straints and proceed to draw up a local fortified food market by work-
roadmap. The latter, validated dur- ing on the adoption, distribution and
ing a national forum that brought application of regulation on the qual-
together stakeholders from all over ity of infant flours (in partnership with
the country, now provides a clear pro- the authorities and the local private
cess for defining a rural land policy in sector) and providing support to struc-
response to the issues of land tenure ture the Burkinabe private sector via
security for all those using the land the Scaling Up Nutrition (SUN) move-
in Guinea. ❚❚ ment. New, quality traditional foods
were tested. They are now available
www.gret.org/countries/ and affordable for vulnerable popula-
africa-indian-ocean/guinea tions with a view to preventing mater-
nal and child malnutrition in Burkina
DEVELOPMENT OF “AGROECOLOGICAL  Faso and to care for moderate acute
BLOCKS” IN THE DRY ZONE IN MYANMAR malnourished children in Mali.

© Dominique Violas Experiences with local production,
marketing and promotion of nutri-
tional foods to prevent and treat child
malnutrition were also capitalised in
the four countries.

38 2016 Annual Report GRET

ACTIVITIES

Community-based Supporting agroecological transi-
governance and leadership tion), led and jointly implemented by
of livestock farmers GRET and Cirad in Asia. ALiSEA aims
organisations in the context to strengthen sharing of experiences
of food security (Galo) and knowledge between agroecolog-
ical initiatives and their stakeholders,
2013-2016 | Budget: 1.8 M€ | Funding: increase the visibility and credibility
EU, CFSI | Partner: APESS. of the agroecological movement for
political deciders and consumers,
With an estimated regional head and accelerate the dissemination and
count of over 65 million cattle, live- adoption of agroecological practices
stock farming plays a major role in on family farms.
the West-African economy. But it also
faces numerous challenges: climatic The following are some of the activ-
crises, pressure on natural resources, ities conducted in Cambodia, Laos,
competition with low-cost imported Myanmar and Vietnam: coordina-
products, structural deficit of invest- tion of a web portal on agroecology,
ment, etc. organisation of national and regional
thematic workshops, studies of prac-
To meet these challenges, GRET is tices, implementation of a small grants
working in partnership with APESS system to support innovation, etc.
(Association for the Promotion of Live-
stock Farming in the Sahel and the Support for land
Savannah) in Senegal, Mali and Bur- governance in the Mekong
kina Faso. The activities conducted region (MRLG)
made it possible to support the pro-
jects of almost 400 agropastoral fam- 2014-2018 | Budget: 16 M€ | Funding:
ily farms and to propose an updated SDC, BMZ, GIZ, Government of Luxem-
image of the development strategies bourg | Partner: LEI.
and realities of these families. In six
territories that are strategic for live- This regional initiative aims to contrib-
stock farming, interprofessional con- ute to better land governance in four
sultations on management of natural countries in the Mekong region: Cam-
resources were organised to facilitate bodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam.
the development of local value chains, It involves strengthening customary
in particular dairy value chains, and rights of family farmers – in particular
securing of pastoral resources. The those in ethnic minorities – in the face
lessons learned were capitalised and of policies that support agro-industry.
presented to the public authorities to Developed at the end of the 1990s,
inspire reforms and programmes cur- the latter encouraged large-scale
rently underway, with a view to scal- land grabs via concessions intended
ing upwards. to attract foreign capital.

Alliance for agroecology The MRLG project intervenes at various
training (ALiSEA) levels (local, national and regional) by
strengthening stakeholders’capacities
2015-2018 | Budget: 1.2 M€ | Funding: for action and reflection, supporting
AFD | Partner: Cirad. the creation of multi-stakeholder dia-
logue, groups and alliances involving
The ALiSEA project is a compo- governments, the private sector and
nent of the Actae project (“Accom- research, and by making funding avail-
pagner la transition agroecologique” – able in order to conduct innovative
actions in the area of land. ❚❚

39GRET 2016 Annual Report

DEBATES

GRET contributes to debates on development policies and
practices in several manners: studies and expert consulting
missions, participation in events and multi-stakeholder
networks, capitalisation with a view to action-research,
and advocacy & influence communication.

The main Forward
development planning
debates in 2016
STRATEGIC
OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT AID: COORDINATION
FRANCE MUST RESPECT
ITS COMMITMENTS Knowledge
management -
capitalisation

Communication -
advocacy

GRET participated actively in the campaign on Official the world. Unfortunately, we
development aid (ODA) launched by Coordination SUD are seeing a downward trend
in autumn 2016. Entitled “France must make interna- in terms of France’s contribu-
tional solidarity a priority again”, the campaign defends tion to development. This is
a more ambitious development policy and a budget that extremely damaging, firstly
addresses the challenges posed. in terms of France’s image,
but also in terms of capac-
Despite the fact that when France committed, over ity for intervention in the
50 years ago now, to contributing to international devel- field”, says GRET chairper-
opment at a rate of 0.7 % of its national wealth, in 2016 son Pierre Jacquemot in one of the videos distributed
it only devoted 0.38 % of its gross national income to as part of the campaign.
ODA, “France’s official development aid is an essential lever
of our action. It is a means to combat inequalities throughout

THE MAIN EVENTS MARCH
World
JANUARY water day
20th anniversary
of Nutridev

40 2016 Annual Report GRET

DEBATES

ARE SOCIAL BUSINESSES
PROFITABLE?

Since 2014, GRET has been working alongside the SOCIAL BUSINESS IN MADAGASCAR: HOTELIN-JAZAKELY,
French ministry of Foreign Affairs and International RESTAURANTS FOR CHILDREN © GRET
Development (MAEDI) in its reflection on new forms
of involvement of the private for-profit sector in devel-
opment issues and their consequences on the renewal
of overseas cooperation policies. This collective reflec-
tion led in particular, in June 2016, to the adoption
by MAEDI of the “Innovating together” strategy, aim-
ing to promote new models for the social and inclusive
economy internationally, with 17 proposals for action.

As part of this agreement with MAEDI, GRET and

Cerise examined – via four case studies – the condi- PHILANTHROPIC CAPITALISM
tions in which social businesses can succeed in achiev- IN ALL ITS FORMS
ing economic balance. Among the main lessons learned

from this analysis: achieving this balance, while remain-

ing loyal to social objectives, takes five to ten years; In 2016, GRET continued its cycle of seminars initiated
it requires stringent management and necessitates a in autumn 2015 on the subject of philanthropic capital-
combination of funding, in particular public and pri- ism. These seminars – organised jointly with the
vate funding. Fondation Maison des Sciences de l’Homme,

IRD and Cirad – are part of continuous

reflections on the role of large companies

in development and international solidar-

ity. “In the word ‘philanthropy’, we include

circular economy a variety of stakeholders’ solidarity prac-
tices: associations, foundations, companies,
official launch of the SDGs investors, etc. By questioning its relationship with

private sector involvement Habitat III the ‘system’, we are seeking to measure what degree
of impact these philanthropic practices have and
official development aid the evolutions we are seeing”, says Marc Lévy,

biodiversitythe commons forward planning manager with GRET.

payments for environmental services THE MAIN SUBJECTS
IN 2016
carbon storage COP 22

bamboo value chain

SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER
40th anniversary Habitat III in Quito Cop 22
(Ecuador) in Marrakech
of GRET (Morocco)

41GRET 2016 Annual Report

DEBATES

Capitalisation to climate change was organised in Nogent-sur-Marne
by C2A. And in August 2016, GRET contributed to the
G RET works as a“development laboratory”with pro- FAO’s regional workshop in Kunming, China.
jects activating synergies between research and
development. Its experts capitalise on their prac-  Gender and development: research-action on gender
tices in a reflective manner, to review their experiences and and development was launched with several NGOs and
the knowledge acquired. These findings are enhanced via European & African universities. The objective is to con-
the publication of specialised books, articles in journals, duct comparative analyses on the impact of participa-
and during scientific conferences and seminars. GRET has tive approaches on gender relations in the societies con-
compiled a catalogue of over 250 references, available cerned. The project is being led by an interdisciplinary
online at www.gret.org. and multi-sectoral research team working in research
and development institutions in France, Germany and
COLLABORATION WITH RESEARCH three French-speaking African countries – Senegal, Mad-
agascar and Cameroon.

 The water services economy in Cambodia: basing his
analyses on GRET’s fields of on intervention, Clément
Frenoux (programme manager with GRET) presented
his doctoral thesis in Economic Science entitled “Insti-
tutions and transactions: determining factors and per-
formances of non-conventional water supply services in
developing cities. The case of local private entrepreneurs
in small urban centres in Cambodia” at the University of
Toulouse, France.

In 2016, GRET participated in applied research programmes CHANGES IN KNOWLEDGE AND
for development, in particular on: PRACTICES FOR DEVELOPMENT

 Sustainable solutions to fight malnutrition: for the To contribute to knowledge on development and changes
20th anniversary of its action-research on prevention in practices, GRET published six books with Editions GRET
of malnutrition, GRET organised a day of discussion on and five articles in collective publications, and scientific
the involvement of the private sector in this area. This and professional journals. It also produced twelve expert
event was co-organised with its traditional partner IRD, reports, twenty briefing notes and twelve technical reports.
as well as with Sight and Life and other partners. The It contributed to thirty-four symposiums, conferences,
event brought together stakeholders from all areas (eco- workshops and seminars (see full list of productions in appen-
nomic, associations, academic and political). An expert dices page 52).
report on nutrition in development projects was pro-
duced for AFD and presented to GISA. Results on work Focus on a selection of references and interventions based
covering the consumption of improved millet gruels on three emerging subjects in 2016.
were published in an article in international scientific
journal Appetite. Bamboo: a symbol of sustainable development

 Agroecological transition: in order to formulate a shared GRET published two practical guides on the development
vision and understanding of the concept of agroecology, and structuring of bamboo value chains. Based on the
to specify its impact and evaluate its performances, GRET experiences of projects led with farmers’groups, SMEs and
coordinated a new series of multi-stakeholder national local governments in Laos and Vietnam, the first of these
workshops in South East Asia, as part of the ALiSEA pro- guides covers processes for defining tools and methods
ject (Alliance for learning agroecology). Organisation of for joint management and optimum use of natural bam-
these workshops was part of the regional ACTAE pro- boo forests; the second focuses on techniques for process-
gramme (Supporting agroecological transition) funded by ing Luong bamboo from plantations.
AFD and implemented jointly by GRET and Cirad. They
brought together numerous universities from Myan- Development of the bamboo sector was the subject of sev-
mar, Cambodia, Vietnam, Laos and Thailand, national eral workshops co-organised with the Lao ministry of For-
(CARES, DAR, SPERI, Ecoland, RCRD, etc.) and interna- eign Affairs, WWF and Recoftc, whose recommendations
tional (CIAT, CIRAD, ICRAF) research centres, and rep-
resentatives of civil society. Conducting similar reflec-
tions, a seminar on family farming as a means to adapt

42 2016 Annual Report GRET

DEBATES

were taken into account in national public policies in Laos, from Habitat III, GRET made presentations at the various
and was the subject of an article presented at the inter- conferences and round tables organised by GI in Dakar, by
national conference “The Commons and Development”, AFD & Coordination SUD, FRARU and Aitec in Paris, and
organised in December 2016 by AFD in Paris. by the European Union in Brussels.

Transformation du bambou Prospective territoriale à Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni :
quels futurs inventer face aux enjeux
Lamballe P., Vogel A., Castellanet C., démographiques?
François M., Editions du GRET, 2016, Temporal F., Colombier R., Carlier R.,
Practical guide, 234 pages Deluc B., Vaumourin S., Bougnoux N., Paris,
AFD, 2016, Etudes de l’AFD, 117 pages
Community-based Management
of Natural Bamboo Forests Lexique de la ville durable : 80 mots
pour comprendre la ville en devenir
Porbounmixaithor H., Huynh P.,
Herchuechang A., Saengmany B., Jacquemot P., Groupe initiatives,
Melki S., Editions du GRET, 2016, Practical guide, 366 pages 2016, 42 pages

Essential services: an approach focusing OTHER PUBLICATIONS IN 2016:
on the market and stakeholder action
Accès aux droits des ouvrières au
In parallel with its projects, GRET conducts reflection on the Vietnam : quels dispositifs et quelles
way in which so-called “market” approaches and the reg- pratiques citoyennes?
ulation they entail modify intervention strategies to con- Huyghebaert P., Nguyen Giang, Editions
tribute to the supply of essential services, and how these du GRET, 2016, Etudes et travaux en ligne
approaches influence local stakeholders’ actions. Experi- n° 45, 103 pages
ences in strengthening project ownership and private skills
were capitalised, especially in the sanitation, water supply L’Afrique des possibles :
and electrification sectors in developing cities. les défis de l’émergence
Jacquemot P., Paris, Karthala, 2016, 324 pages

L’assainissement dans les villes du LIST OF PUBLICATIONS IN THE APPENDICES
Sud : un business comme les autres?
TRAINING THE PROFESSIONALS
Coord.: Frédéric Naulet, Julien Gabert, OF THE FUTURE
Martin Leménager, Editions du GRET,
2016, Débats et controverses, 100 pages

Institutions, acteurs locaux et GRET’s experts contribute to training the professionals of
régulations d’une action publique the future. (More information p. 57)
“réussie”: étude de cas du programme  Agriculture, value chains and agricultural policies:
Méddea d’accès à l’eau, Madagascar
Barbier L., Le Corre M., Editions du GRET, IEDES, IRC Montpellier, IRIS Sup, Agricultural Engineer-
Etudes et travaux en ligne n° 46, 84 pages ing Department at the University of Antananarivo.

What coalitions of stakeholders to electrify Madagascar?  Urban development: Urban development institute in
Cerqueira J., FACTS Reports, Special issue 15 Paris (EUP), University of Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM).

Cities and territories:  Economic policy in Africa: Sciences Po Paris.
from precarious to sustainable  Land: University of Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM).
 Project Management: Rennes University.
Upstream of Habitat III, in collaboration with its partners  Food security and nutrition: AgroParisTech, IEDES,
(AFD, PFVT, I Care & Consult, etc.), GRET is formalising and
documenting its intervention strategies in urban areas, SupAgro.
focusing on territorial approaches, the involvement of local
authorities and inhabitants, while capitalising experiences  Essential services, Drinking water and sanitation:
in the development of precarious neighbourhoods. Apart Agroparitech, Engref, Ecole nationale des ponts et
chaussées Engineering school, Coalition Eau.

 Advocacy and communication for associations and
local authorities: UVSQ, UPEC. ❚❚

43GRET 2016 Annual Report

Networks and alliances

In its countries of operation, GRET works within civil society
organisation groups, and contributes to sectoral networks and
consultative forums coordinated by public authorities.

NGO and CSO Consultative Multi-stakeholder
networks forums sectoral networks

France: CFSI, Coalition Eau, France: CNDSI, Costea, Gisa, France: Cerise, Cicle, Deserti-
Coordination SUD, Groupe Observatoire des politiques fication work group (GTD).
initiatives. Alliance Nutrition in de développement, pS-Eau. Cash Group in Mauritania,
Niger, CNABio in Burkina Faso, CNCN in Burkina Faso, Reflec- Climate change work group in
HRF in Cambodia, INGO net- tion group on energy in Mad- Vietnam, Food security group
work in Laos, MIHARI in Mad- agascar (GRE), SWG-ARD in in Myanmar, etc.
agascar, PEPA in Haiti. Laos, etc.

EXAMPLES OF NETWORK INITIATIVES
AT NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL LEVEL

20th anniversary of the “Land Tenure & The 4 per 1000 initiative
Development”Technical committee

The “Land Tenure & development” Technical committee (CTFD) GRET signed the initiative entitled “4 per 1000: agricultural
is a reflection group made up of experts, researchers and French soils for food security and the climate”. Launched by France
overseas cooperation managers on land issues in countries. In at COP 21 and now supported by over 200 members, this ini-
2016, it celebrated its 20th anniversary. Since it was set up, tiative makes agriculture one of the most effective levers to
GRET ensures its technical and scientific secretariat. improve food security and fight against climate change.

The anniversary celebrations provided an opportunity to reas- The members of the consortium – made up of States, regional
sert the political support provided to CTFD by its chairmanship and local authorities, international organisations, research
(AFD and the French ministry of Foreign Affairs) and to pres- institutes, civil society representatives, as well as some com-
ent the work and support conducted by the group to support panies – all committed to implementing concrete actions on
reforms underway in countries and in international debates. carbon storage in soils and to promote the techniques that can
In 2016, CTFD also launched a new reflection project on the be used to do this (agroecology, agroforestry, etc.). They are
commons, which aims to build an analytical and operational also focused on facilitating sharing of information and multi-
framework that will be useful for cooperation stakeholders to plying collaborations, in particular thanks to the creation of
better understand the multiple uses of rural territories fea- a centre for digital resources and of a multi-stakeholder plat-
turing “commons” characteristics (forests, grazing land, etc.). form that will make it possible to strengthen exchanges, part-
nerships and capitalisation of experiences.

44 2016 Annual Report GRET

DEBATES

Advocacy and influence
communication

18 positions 6,300 subscribers

138 media coverage to GRET’s newsletter

148,000 hits and 370,000 pages 8,600 views on the

viewed on www.gret.org Dailymotion.com/Gret-videos channel

In 2016, GRET launched several advocacy side event organised by AFD entitled “Cities and crises”, as
and influence communication campaigns to part of an exchange between the Central African Repub-
contribute to changing policies in France lic and Haiti. It also responded to an invitation from the
and in its countries of operation. We take a Alliance française to speak on appropriate housing in the
look at three of these campaigns… French overseas territories.

Habitat III: concrete solutions to build urban All the documents produced by GRET for Habitat III – posi-
territories that are viable and fair tion briefs, solution factsheets, videos – are available on
www.gret.org.
The third United Nations conference on housing and sus-
tainable urban development was held in Quito from 17 to ADVOCACY BRIEFS
20 October. The event brought together an audience of • Precarious neighbourhoods: from denial to recognition
over 35,000 people in the Ecuadorian capital. This audi-
ence was made up of political deciders, experts, academ- (October 2016)
ics, private sector stakeholders, members of civil society, of • Urban services for all: fair sharing of financial efforts
residents and young people’s associations. GRET was pres-
ent in Quito to promote the concrete solutions it co-builds (September 2016)
with its partners in order to make urban territories viable,
fair and more respectful of their environment. COP 22: WATER AT THE VERY HEART
OF CLIMATE ISSUES
In Quito, GRET placed particular emphasis on the notion
of co-production, in particular by co-organising a side The water sector was strongly mobilised in Marrakech
event entitled “Co-production of knowledge on diversity from 7 to 18 November for COP 22. GRET contributed
in precarious neighbourhoods”. This approach consists by sharing its experience as a field operator on subjects
of producing knowledge jointly with various stakehold- such as protection of water resources in island territo-
ers – inhabitants, researchers, professionals and public ries. It also placed the spotlight on obstacles facing local
authority representatives – using a variety of methods: stakeholders in the implementation of the Paris Agree-
planning produced by inhabitants, work on existing data, ment in the area of water.
safety audits, etc. Some subjects that had been presented by GRET and
its partners at COP 21, had pride of place in talks. This
GRET also organised and facilitated a workshop present- was the case for the role of governance, and the issue
ing the Reconstruction support centre (CAR) set up in of strengthening capacities, for which benchmarks and
Port-au-Prince, Haiti as part of the project for Development funding mechanisms were presented – especially by the
and reconstruction in the district of Baillergeau (Areba) fol- Green Climate Fund and AFD.
lowing the 2010 earthquake. Lastly, GRET participated in a

45GRET 2016 Annual Report

DEBATES

Advocacy for greater support of agropastoral Join us on social media!
livestock farming in West Africa
GRET made its debut on professional
GRET has been working for four years with the Associa- social media in September, with
tion for the promotion of livestock farming in the Sahel the creation of its official LinkedIn
and the Savannah (APESS) in West Africa to make opti- and Twitter accounts.
mum use of local technical & organisational innovations, To follow GRET’s news in real time:
and enable livestock farmers organisations to have greater https://twitter.com/Gret_ONG
influence on public policies in the livestock farming sec- To stay in contact and discover
tor. Through the implementation of a support-consulting our latest career opportunities:
system for agropastoral farms, the launch of new experi- https://fr.linkedin.com/company/gret
ments, strengthening of livestock farmers organisations, See all GRET’s videos on our
improvement of consultation with other stakeholders in Dailymotion channel:
the territory (to make local milk value chains more dynamic www.dailymotion.com/Gret-videos
and reduce conflicts between farmers and livestock breed-
ers over land), the actions conducted made it possible to TRANSHUMANCE OF HERDS IN THE BANFORA AREA
consolidate livestock farmers organisations and improve IN THE SOUTH OF BURKINA FASO © Dian Diallo
living conditions for family farms.

These various experiences provided precious elements
for APESS to draw on to develop advocacy in favour
of agropastoral livestock farming. Via partic-
ipation in numerous national and inter-
national events (ECOWAP+10 conference,
workshops to prepare new national agricul-
tural investment programmes, etc.), APESS
defended its vision of livestock farming and
made specific proposals in favour of greater
support for agropastoral family farms. At national
level, the Burkinabe and Senegalese ministers of Live-
stock farming were invited to two national workshops
that took place in December in Ouagadougou and Dakar
respectively. Both of these national workshops brought
together approximately one hundred key stakeholders
from the area of livestock farming and made it possible
to develop arguments and proposals focusing on two
key issues: better security for grazing land tenure and
increased support for the local milk value chain. These
proposals were presented in several policy briefs and will
be the subject of advocacy that will continue in 2017 at
national and regional level. ❚❚

ADVOCACY BRIEFS

• Pour un soutien ambitieux à la filière “lait local”
en Afrique de l’Ouest (November 2016)

• Promouvoir l’élevage agropastoral au Sénégal
(December 2016)

• Améliorer l’accès aux ressources pastorales : un défi pour
les réformes en cours au Sénégal (December 2016)

• Pour un soutien accru à l’élevage agropastoral
au Burkina Faso (December 2016)

• Sécuriser les parcours de bétail au Burkina Faso
(December 2016)

46 2016 Annual Report GRET

Summary of 2016 activities

COUNTRY DATES PROJECT THEMES SOURCE OF FUNDING PARTNERS BUDGET IN K€
ALGERIA
BRAZIL 2013-16 Support for the concerted multi-stakeholder programme Ⓔ CFSI over the duration of the project
BURKINA FASO 2012-16 Sustainable management of the forest and biodiversity in the State of Amapá (Geflo) Ⓟ FFEM 27
2011-16 Capitalisation of experience developing local products for urban consumers Ⓔ CFSI - FdF
CAMBODIA 2013-17 Resilience and food security in the Mouhoun region (Repam) Ⓟ CFSI - FdF, ECOWAS, EU CI, Government of Amapá State 4,655
2016-17 Feasibility study for the promotion of new cowpea-based products Ⓔ CRS
COMOROS 2014-17 Social marketing and support for local initiatives to reach the MDGs for sanitation (Sanya Kagni) Ⓟ EU, City of Paris Inter-réseaux, CPF, Roppa 13
CONGO 2013-16 Governance and optimum use of natural resources in two national parks (Pape) Ⓟ EU, Afaudeb
2014-17 EU Fepab 2,100
DRC Integrated management and joint governance of the Pô-Nazinga-Sissili ecological
FRANCE 2010-17 complex (Ponasi) Ⓟ EU, French ministry of the Interior, 26
Fighting child malnutrition (Nutrifaso) Ⓟ ECOWAS, Pam, Unicef, USAID,
GUINEA Cartier Charitable Foundation, IDE, Eau Vive 3,300
HAITI FIND, Ofda, Sida, CFSI
AFD, Fondation Bel Afaudeb, Eastern Regional Council in France 1,160
LAOS
Afaudeb, Naturama 202

Eastern Regional Council in France, ACF, CRS, 8,120
Apac, Fandima, Aseff, TDH, SOS Sahel, Oxfam,
GVC, AB Misola, IRD

2015-17 Mobile telephony for maternal and child health in the East (Mobisan) Ⓟ Djantoli, ABF, Apac Fandima, Burkinabe 1,100
ministry of Health, Onatel, Airtel
2014-17 Agricultural development in Siem Reap (Apici) Ⓟ CG 92, FIND, Louis Dreyfus Foundation 409
2013-16 Management and development of access to water in Kampot (Madeau) Ⓟ City of Paris, AESN Cird, Siem Reap Department of Agriculture 436
2013-16 Water, sanitation and hygiene – Output-based aid Ⓟ DFAT, Unicef 435
2014-19 Access to financing for small drinking water and electricity operators Ⓔ AFD, EU Kampot water services 2,000
2014-18 Strengthening local agricultural water stakeholders (Wasp) Ⓔ AFD 649
EMW, Isea
2016 Economic and financial feasibility study for a modern rice drying and storage system Supreme national economic council 18
by farmers organisations in Cambodia Ⓔ of Cambodia (with funding from AFD) Artelia, Isea, See Saw, ministries, CWA, REA
2014-16 Health for all: supporting social health protection operators (I-Hop) Ⓟ Fondation Sanofi Espoir, FIND
2015-16 AFD Cambodian ministries and provincial services
Technical assistance to the National Social Security Fund (NSSF) to detail key procedures of for Water resources and Agriculture, Egis Eau,
2016-17 health insurance in the formal sector Ⓟ AFD, Lysa Group ISC, FWUC, FWN, Cirad
2013-16 Provision of technical assistance to the Directorate-General of Energy, Mines and Water in the Comoros Ⓔ CFSI
2014-16 Support for the project owners of the multi-stakeholder concerted programme Ⓔ DGGT, AFD Cird

2014-18 Support for project owners to set up a sustainable solid waste management sector AFD (via C2D) FHD, SHPA 303
2015-16 in Brazzaville (AMO-GDS) Ⓔ French Red Cross NSSF 54
Support for the private and not-for-profit waste pre-collection sector in Brazzaville (Filipa) Ⓟ
2015-16 City of Paris Nodalis (project leader), IGIP 300
2016-18 Support for the management of mini-drinking water supply networks in the districts EU, Fonds Suez initiatives, FIND 45
2015-18 of Ignié and Ngabé Ⓔ EU, AFD 97
2016-17 Raising awareness on management and characterisation of household waste in Brazzaville Ⓟ AFD
Inclusive and concerted management of waste in Dolisie Ⓟ Municipality of Brazzaville and districts 1,359
2012-16 Support for the small-scale business sector via strengthening of Giac Ⓟ EU, AFD 29

Feasibility study for a project to support the implementation of the National social action CTB Municipality of Dolisie 25
policy in Congo Ⓔ Copas, E-Sud 1,100
Communal and community-based microprojects in Brazzaville (Micab II) Ⓟ EU, CPP 1,525
World Bank
World Bank 200
AFD
2016-18 Support for the implementation of the strategy for marketing and access to the agricultural Municipalities in the districts of Makélékélé, 1,300
products market Ⓔ AFD, MAEDI Bacongo, Talangaï and Mfilou-Ngamaba; AAISC

2012-17 Agroforests for the development of Kipushi (Afodek) Ⓟ French ministry of Agriculture, 103
2015-16 Definition of the mechanism for sharing the benefits of Redd+ Ⓔ Agrifood and Forestry
2016-17 Diagnostic study on poverty and access to water, sanitation and hygiene in DRC Ⓔ AESN, Siaap, AFD CPP, Nature + 3,048
World bank 73
2016-20 Promotion of innovative methods for accessing drinking water, sanitation and hygiene AFD Hydroconseil, Cabinet Experts 560
in several areas on the outskirts of eastern and southern Kinshasa (Pilaep 2) Ⓟ Aurore Sher, Mott McDonald 232

2015-17 Coordination of the work and reflections of the French overseas cooperation “Land Tenure & AFD 308
Development”Technical committee Ⓔ Ademe
58
2016-17 Study on consistency of policies with development – The case of the Economic Partnership Anru
Agreement (EPA) with West Africa Ⓔ AESN, Siaap, AFD, pS-Eau 150
Commune of Maripasoula 96
2013-17 Sanitation handbook Ⓔ CGAP 25
2005-present Knowledge management and dissemination via the Microfinance Gateway Ⓟ AFD 4
2015-17 “Vocational training and professional integration” NGO discussion group Ⓔ EU IECD
AFD 6
2016 Support to prepare the application of the 13th district of Paris for the territorial experimentation CFSI City of Paris, Municipality of 108
to reduce long-term unemployment Ⓔ UE the 13th district of Paris
AFD 6
2016 Study “Support mechanisms for integration of young people into the work market in Africa” Ⓔ AFD, EU AFD
2014-16 Sustainable urban planning in the overseas territories Ⓔ Kellogg Foundation
FdF, UE I Care & Consult, H3C Caraïbes,
2015-16 Analysis of replies to the call for expressions of interest issued by the Villes et territoires durables FdF, AFD, UE Atelier Villes et Paysages
(Sustainable cities and territories) investment in the future programme Ⓔ UE, Oxfam GB
2016 EU, FdF, AFD Artelia
Pre-operational study with a view to launching support systems for improvement of the current DDAS
2015-16 and newly constructed housing stock in Maripasoula (French Guiana) Ⓔ AFD Soliha Mayotte 84
2013-16 Technical assistance to the National directorate of rural engineering (Lower Guinea Rice) Ⓔ EU
2016 Strengthening food security in the North of Guinea (Resa Nord II) Ⓟ DNGR 170
2015-17 Study on the situation and challenges of rural land in Guinea Ⓔ AFD, AESN, Aquassistance, Sedif, CCFD -TS, FPFD 2,016
2016-19 Development of the Böra Maalé Fanyi quality label in Guinea Ⓟ City of Paris, ONU-Habitat, AusAid, Insuco
2013-16 Food security, resilience and agroecology in Guinea (Sara Guinea) Ⓟ Lao government, local entrepreneurs MGE, BSD / Guinean ministry of Agriculture 298
2014-16 Innovative management of watersheds Ⓟ CCFD -TS, FPFD, MGE 49
2014-16 Innovative sanitation services in urban areas (Siamu/Jefakaf) Ⓟ SOS Enfants sans frontières 3,703
2014-16 Local development in Saint-Louis-du-Sud Ⓟ Snelak 665
2012-16 Local urban initiative funds in Haiti (Filu II) Ⓟ 1,105
2014-17 Development and reconstruction of the Baillergeau district in Port-au-Prince (Areba) Ⓟ UCLBP (maîtrise d’ouvrage) 764
2014-16 Support project for the development and reconstruction of Desprez (Parad) Ⓟ Oxfam GB 1,005
2016-17 Rural integration and urban civil society initiatives in national policies and dialogue Ⓟ ID, Adema 4,000
2016-18 Upstream diagnosis of the corn value chain in the South Department Ⓔ 6,200
2016-19 Timama project (Timoun Ak Manman) Ⓟ MdM, ID, Acted, EMI, Sofa, SOE 1,333
ESF, AOG 80
2005-17 Improving food and nutrition security in rural households in the commune of Gros-Morne 860
(Capagrinut) Ⓟ 1,499
Development of mini-drinking water supply networks (Mirep) Ⓟ
East Meets West Foundation 5,100

Ⓟ Field project Ⓔ Expert consulting or study

Agriculture: value chains and agricultural policies Civic issues and democracy Drinking water, sanitation and waste management Natural resource management and energy 47
Microfinance and professional integration Health: nutrition and social protection Cities for all and decentralisation
GRET 2016 Annual Report

SUMMARY OF 2016 ACTIVITIES

COUNTRY DATES PROJECT THEMES SOURCE OF FUNDING PARTNERS BUDGET IN K€
LAOS
MADAGASCAR 2014-17 Water, sanitation and hygiene – Output-based aid (Washoba) Ⓔ AusAid, Lao government, East Meets West Foundation, 832
local entrepreneurs Lao public authorities
MALI 2015-18 Sewage management in Vientiane Ⓟ AIMF, AESN, Services management WTA 1,220
MAURITANIA department of the city Vientiane, Siaap
2015-16 Supply of drinking water in Vientiane (Madevie) Ⓟ AFD CTAS 81
MYANMAR 2016 Creation of a services centre for stakeholders in the bamboo sector Ⓟ Oxfam, SDC Fida, PAM, AIM, Care, Icco, WHH 212
2014-17 Food security and increasing agricultural income (Asara) Ⓟ EU, CRS Communes, Enda Océan Indien 1,666
NIGER 2014-17 Integrated actions in nutrition and feeding practices (Aina) Ⓟ EU, FAO WWF 1,518
SENEGAL 2012-16 Appropriate sanitation services for the greater Antananarivo area (Miasa) Ⓟ Grand Lyon, Veolia, EU, AFD Ministry of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene; 770
2013-16 Access to water in the Mahafaly plateau (Eau Mahafaly) Ⓟ CRDI communes; private operators 83
2013-17 EU, Fonds Suez initiatives, Sedif, 3,500
Implementation of sustainable mechanisms to develop access to water and sanitation Nord-Pas-de-Calais region in France, Jirama
(Méddea II) Ⓟ Grand Lyon, project communes, 200
investors-managers Urban commune of Sainte-Marie 45
2014-16 Water and sanitation services in Ambodifotatra (Sainte-Marie II) Ⓟ Sedif, Jirama WCS, Fanamby 37
2015-16 Creation of sanimarket social franchising in Madagascar Ⓟ FIND 1,129
2016-17 Construction of the public sanitation block for Ambodifotatra market in Sainte-Marie Ⓟ Siaap Cite, Enea Consulting, IRD
2013-16 Biodiversity, development and local governance (Hafafi) Ⓟ AFD, Fanamby, CG 29, WCS, Wiomsa, WCS, Cirad, Fofifa 7,195
Prince Albert II of Monaco Foundation, 979
2014-18 Hydroelectricity and the environment in Madagascar (Rhyviere II) Ⓟ Mac Arthur Foundation ESF, Positive Planet
2015-18 EU, FFEM Nutri’zaza, TAF, Malagasy ministry of Health, 810
Improving living conditions and supporting concerted management of marine and AFD, Cartier Charitable Foundation, National nutrition office 530
terrestrial natural resources (Fihavotana) Ⓟ Darwin Initiative, FIND, The Leona M. and
Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust Foranim Consult 465
2016-19 Café Lumière Ⓟ AFD Occitania region in France 640
2013-17 Nutri’zaza technical assistance Ⓟ AFD, Nutri’zaza SAN Sénart, SAN Sénart Association of
mayors from twinned towns, communes 1,077
2014-17 Study on the support project to combat chronic malnutrition (Miaro) Ⓔ PAM 3,200
2014-17 Support for maternal and child health (Pasmi) Ⓟ MdM, ACF, Santé Sud, MFPF, HI, Burgeap, Hydroconseil
Malagasy ministry of Health 347
2015-17 Integrated action for feeding and nutrition (Aina II) Ⓟ PAM, EU Hydroconseil 133
2016-21 Improving the competitiveness of businesses via vocational training (Acefor) Ⓟ AFD Ecodev, Tenmiya
2015-16 Support for civil society in Adrar (Asca) Ⓟ EU Iset, PND 515
2014-16 Water, sanitation and waste management in the large towns of Trarza (Pirog-Rap-Deb) Ⓟ EU; SAN Sénart; communes of Rosso, Iset 61
Keur Macène, Dar El Barka, Tiguent 20
2014-17 Technical assistance to the ministry of Hydraulics and Sanitation (5 Wilayas) Ⓟ and Merderdra 3,500
2015-16 Rural sanitation market study Ⓔ EU, AFD 1,500
2015-16 The informal waste recycling sector in Nouakchott Ⓔ Unicef 100
2011-16 Decentralised interregional rural electrification (Erudi) Ⓟ World Bank 913
2011-16 Promoting the use of typha biochar (Typha) Ⓟ Apaus, EU
2015-16 Improved stoves in Mauritania (Farim 1) Ⓟ Apaus, EU 300
Engie, FIND 337
2015-19 Conservation of biodiversity in Diawling National Park via sustainable participative management Ⓟ 177
Mava Foundation, Fondation Ensemble, PND
2016-19 Improved stoves in Mauritania (Farim 2) Ⓟ BACoMaB
2013-16 Support centre for integration of young people in Nouakchott (Cap Insertion) Ⓟ Engie, FIND MFSEEC Mafec
2014-16 C2D MEFPTIC
Strengthening the Urban community of Nouakchott (CUN) and the communes of Nouakchott EU CUN
2013-16 to work on the integration of young people (ReCUNij) Ⓟ
2014-17 Fighting infant malnutrition in the Brakna region (Nutririm) Ⓟ EU, Unicef IRD 1,300
EU 1,666
2012-16 Improving the resilience of vulnerable populations in terms of food and nutritional AGIRabcd; communes of Ajar, Arr and
security (Resanut) Ⓟ EU Ould M’Bonny 412
2013-16
2013-17 Poverty & hunger alleviation through support, empowerment and increased networking Care, ACF
2015-18 (Phase In) Ⓟ
2015-18 Farmers innovating for rural development and environmental restoration (MyFire) Ⓟ Danida WHH 1,145
2016 Understanding rural land issues to engage comprehensive policy dialogue in Myanmar Ⓔ Lift Corad 485
Rural intensification for sustainable economic development in the Delta region (Delta Rise) Ⓟ Lift
2016-17 Adaptation to climate change and agricultural innovation in the Dry Zone Ⓟ Cartier Charitable Foundation, FIND 1,964
Icimod 930
2016-18 Diversifying livelihoods by improving the capacities of small farmers (especially women) and 26
2016-19 their organisations to benefit from market opportunities Ⓟ
2016-19 CIAA Corad 150
2015-18 Supporting the rehabilitation of production resources for families affected by cyclone Komen
2016-17 in the North of Chin State Ⓟ Lift Corad 2,119
2016-20 Strengthening civil society in the Delta Ⓟ Lift Swissaid, Metta 431
Promoting diversification of agriculture and economic integration in the North of Chin State Ⓟ Lift WorldFish, DoF, Pact, NAG 414
2016-19 Small grants fund for civil society in the uplands Ⓟ Lift
2013-19 Promoting sustainable growth of aquaculture (MyCulture) Ⓟ USAID PSD, Leap 201, FIND TGH 1,183
2015-18 Financial inclusion services in the Delta Ⓟ EU 137
2016
Improving livelihoods, creation of income and resilience of vulnerable populations 5,000
in the South of Chin State and the North of Rakhine Ⓟ
Drinking water and sanitation project in a district of Mandalay (Amarapura) Ⓟ AFD Suez Consulting 2,500
Creation of a microfinance institution in the Dry Zone Ⓟ Lift 3,151
Expansion of rural financial markets through the institutionalisation of the Chin MFI Ⓟ Lift Chin MFI 1,320
Guide for land tenure security of hydro-agricultural infrastructures Ⓔ GWI (UICN and IIED) Onaha
via the Howard G. Buffett Foundation 20
2014-16 Support programme for food security of households (Pasam-tai) Ⓟ USAID CRS Niger, the municipalities of Mayahi
and Matameye, Icrisat 399
2016 Documentary analysis of complementary feeding for children under the age of two Ⓔ Unicef Unicef
2016-17 Support for local production of fortified infant flour for food aid Ⓟ Echo, Principality of Monaco, PAM SOS Sahel, CCAGC, ACF, Goulbi 9
2014-16 Family farming and access to information (Afai) Ⓟ DFID Fongs, Ifpri 366
2014-16 Support programme for non-state land stakeholders in Senegal (Disso Ci Suuf) Ⓟ EU CNCR 483
2016 Support to mini-dairies as part of the Panac project Ⓔ EU ADG, Cospe 69
2016-18 Monaco overseas cooperation, APESS, ARD Saint-Louis, Asodia (France) 526
Access to services and structuring of family livestock farms in the Dagana department and Occitania region France, AFD 1,639
2013-18 several rural communes in the department of Podor (Asstel 2) Ⓟ AESN, EU, CG27, MAEDI, ADC, Onas
Total, integrated, concerted sanitation in the district of Guet Ndar (Acting) Ⓟ Municipality of Saint-Louis 2,648

48 2016 Annual Report GRET