Modern Concept Science 3

STATIC SKILLS OF PHYSICAL U nit
EXERCISES
28

Estimated teaching periods : 3

Objectives

After completing the study of this unit, students will be able to:
 explain the static skills of physical education.
 perform hanging, swinging, climbing and throwing.

All exercises do not require moving skills. Some exercises can be taken
in a fixed position. The exercises that are taken with fixed or unchanged
position of the body are called static exercises. We can do exercises by
sitting, lying and standing. Hanging, swinging, twisting, climbing, etc.
are some other exercises. We do these exercises to make us active and fit.

Hanging

We can try hanging on a pole or a rope or
a bar. It is joyful to roll our body around a
bar. We can practise hanging on a pole or a
rope as shown in the picture.

Swinging Fig: 28.1

We do swinging on a rope or horizontal bar. While swinging, we should

hold the rope or the bar firmly.

Fig: 28.2

STATIC SKILLS OF PHYSICAL EXERCISES 193

Climbing

We can climb on a tree or pole or rope. Climbing is not as safe as the
other activities. Therefore, we should climb carefully.

Fig: 28.3

Throwing

Throwing skill is frequently used in our daily life. We mostly use our
hands for this skill. We develop and practise this skill by throwing the
light and soft objects in different directions. It is also very useful in most
of the ball games. For example, we require throwing skill in basket
ball, base ball, volleyball, etc. In such games, we throw ball to our team
mates. Similarly, throwing is used in chungi, handball, javelin, cricket,
disk, etc. While throwing, we can take a fixed point or target and
hit it.

Fig: 28.4

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Exercises taken by lying with face down
We do different exercises by lying, facing down and standing. These
exercises make us fit and active. We warm up doing these exercises.
Exercises taken by sleeping
We do these exercises as shown in the picture.

Fig: 28.5

Exercises taken facing down
We can do various exercises as shown in the picture.

Fig: 28.6

Teaching Instructions

ƒƒ Involve children in games after warming up.
ƒƒ Play games in groups - small or large.
ƒƒ Provide opportunities for every child to play.
ƒƒ There may be many other exercises for warming up the

body along with those given above.

STATIC SKILLS OF PHYSICAL EXERCISES 195

Uni t

29 PHYSICAL TRAINING

Estimated teaching periods : 3

Objectives

After completing the study of this unit, students will be able to:
 describe different types of physical training.
 perform physical training.
Physical training is a kind of exercise in which we move most of our
body parts. We do physical exercises daily to keep our body fit and
active. Physical exercise can be done in a group to develop team spirit
and sense of solidarity. We really enjoy with these physical exercises as
shown in the illustrations.

Teaching Instructions

ƒƒ Children in this grade should do all the exercises.
(PT No. 1 to 10)

ƒƒ PT can be practised by counting up to 16 or using
a whistle.

ƒƒ Let children enjoy and warm up their body.

ACTIVITY 1

Exercise of hands

Fig: 29.1

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ACTIVITY 2

Exercise of hands and legs

Fig: 29.2

ACTIVITY 3

Exercise of shoulder

Fig: 29.3

ACTIVITY 4

Exercise of hands and chest

Fig: 29.4

PHYSICAL TRAINING 197

ACTIVITY 5

Exercise of hands and waist

Fig: 29.5

ACTIVITY 6

Exercise of waist

Fig: 29.6

ACTIVITY 7

Exercise by twisting body

Fig: 29.7

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ACTIVITY 8

Exercise by stretching up

Fig: 29.8

ACTIVITY 9

Exercise by bending
We can do exercises by bending the body front, back, left and right. We
should do these exercises carefully under the proper instructions of the
teacher.

Fig: 29.9

ACTIVITY 10

Exercise by moving the whole body

Fig: 29.10

PHYSICAL TRAINING 199

Uni t

30 DRILL (KAWAJ)

Estimated teaching periods : 6

Objectives

After completing the study of this unit, students will be able to:
 describe different types of drills.
 perform different types of drills.
Drill is a simple physical exercise. It is practised before starting any
physical games or physical training. It helps us develop discipline and
warm up our body. Drill is done under the command of a teacher or
leader. Drill items include attention, stand-at-ease, stand-at-rest, stand
in a queue and walk in a queue.

Attention (Satark)

Attention is an alert position. We raise our left leg about half a foot
up and then place close to the right leg at the attention command. We
should hold our whole body in this position. We should be silent and
remain in a stable position at this command.

Fig: 30.1

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Stand-at-Ease (Goda Phaat) Fig: 30.2

At this command, we lift our left
leg up and then place it about half
a foot apart from the right leg. We
keep both our hands at the back of
our body placing right palm on the
left. We should not move and speak
while standing at this position. Let’s
do as shown in the picture here.

Stand-at-Rest (Bishram)

This command is given for a short rest during the
drill. It is similar to stand at ease but hands are kept
on the sides. Let’s do as in the pictures given below.

Fig: 30.3

Stand in Queue

We stand in columns while standing in
queue. We keep equal distance between our
friends while standing behind one another
in the columns.

Fig: 30.5 Fig: 30.4

Stand in Lines

While standing in lines, we should stand
behind the friend on the right. Then we
should raise our hands shoulder high and
keep distance nearly touching the shoulder
of our friend and stand on the left. Let’s
stand in lines.

DRILL (KAWAJ) 201

Unit

31 SIMPLE GAMES

Estimated teaching periods : 2

Objectives

After completing the study of this unit, students will be able to:
 describe different types of simple games.
 play different types of simple games.

Simple games are played quickly and instantly. These games are played
in different ways such as running, chasing, touching or catching friends.
The simple games have simple rules and fewer materials to play. We
play these games for fun and to keep us fit and active. Let’s play Pair
Chasing and Fisherman’s Net.

1. Pair Chasing Game

This game is played in a marked

area. In the pair chasing game,

players form pairs by holding

hands. One pair becomes chaser and

remaining pairs are runners. As the

signal is received, the chasers chase

and try to touch the runners. Those Fig: 31.1

players who are touched also become chasers and then they also keep

on chasing holding hands together in pairs. The pair left untouched is

declared the winner.

2. Fisherman’s Net

Fig: 31.2 This game is played forming a net by holding
hands together. At first, two friends make a net
and start touching other players. The players
who are touched join the net and start touching
others. A player who is left untouched becomes
the winner. Let’s play fisherman’s net.

202 Modern Concept Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

LOCAL GAMES Unit

32

Estimated teaching periods : 2

Objectives

After completing the study of this unit, students will be able to:
 introduce different types of local games.
 play different types of local games.

The games which we play in our locality following our own rules are
known as local games. These games are played differently according
to culture, field and climate. The local games such as Gatta, Baghchal,
Chungi, Dandibiyo, Ghoikasa, etc. are popular in our localities. These
games provide us entertainment keeping us active and fit.

1. Gatta Game

This game is popular among the girls. We play and enjoy with Gatta in
our locality. Gatta can be played in between two to four players. In this
game, we play with five small pebbles picking up and placing them on
the ground . There are many steps and the player which finishes all the
steps first is the winner.

Fig: 32.1 Fig: 32.2

LOCAL GAMES 203

2. Baghchal

Baghchal is another local game in which two players play at a time. This
game can be played on a wooden board, card board, paper, floor or a
flat stone. We mark the playing area as shown in the given figure.

3. Chungi Game Fig: 32.3

Fig: 32.4 Chungi is a ball-like object made up of rubber
bands. A bunch of rubber bands is tied
together in the middle to make Chungi. This
game is played with feet by kicking chungi
in the air. The player who kicks the most
becomes the winner.

4. Ghoikasa Fig: 32.5

Ghoikasa is also a local game. It is very
popular among girls. Ghoikasa can be
played in different ways. We play this game
by making many floors/rooms of a house.
There should be a round circular ghoi
in order to play this game. Ghoi should
be around two to five centimeters in
diameter. We play this game as shown in
the picture.

204 Modern Concept Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

5. Dandibiyo

Dandibiyo is an old game of Nepal. It is also called Gulidanda in the
terai region. The game is played with two sticks. Dandi is a longer stick
and the biyo a short one with pointed ends. This game is played between
two persons or groups. Each group tries to hit the biyo with the dandi as
many times as they can. The group that bounces most gets to play first.
(i) Hitting Biy o
Hitting is one of the skills of Dandibiyo game. This is done between two
persons or groups. The group practice develops team spirit. The biyo is
hit by the dandi as many times and as far away as they can.
(ii) Throwing
Ateam or player who hits the biyo by dandi higher number of times can
start the game by throwing the biyo. The opponent tries to catch the
thrown biyo.

Fig: 32.6

General rules of throwing game

 If the thrown biyo is caught by the opponent, no point is awarded but if not, the
 biyo should be thrown back at the groove.
 If the dandi is hit by the biyo, the opponent gets a chance to play.
 If the dandi is not hit, the counting starts.
 The player or team which scores more points within a fixed time is declared the winner.

Teaching Instructions

ƒƒ Identify the local games played in your locality.
ƒƒ Warm up children before they play any games.
ƒƒ Arrange for playing materials according to the number of players.
ƒƒ Instruct children about the rule of the games before the game begins.

LOCAL GAMES 205

Unit

33 STORY-BASED GAMES

Estimated teaching periods : 3

Objectives

After completing the study of this unit, students will be able to:
 introduce different types of story-based games.
 play different types of story based games.

There are different types of games. Some games are played based on
certain story. They are called story-based games. These games are
effective for instilling confidence and friendship.

Cat and Rat

A rat does ‘chi, chi’ and moves around.
Meanwhile a cat appears and miaows. As the
rat hears the cat’s sound, it stops ‘chi, chi’.
The cat looks for the rat but cannot find it.

Fox and Children Fig: 33.1

One day, five children went to the forest. They were there to collect
fodder, firewood, leaves and eat wild fruits. As one of them approached
a bush, s/he heard an odd sound. She became surprised. So she peered
to find out what it was. She saw a fox about to pounce her. She screamed.
Other friends came closer and then the fox ran away.

Fig: 33.2

206 Modern Concept Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

ACTING-BASED GAMES Unit

34

Estimated teaching periods : 2

Objectives

After completing the study of this unit, students will be able to:
 introduce different types of acting based games.
 perform different types of acting based games.

We copy sounds and actions of people and animals. We really enjoy
playing acting-based games. Such games help us to be frank and provide
opportunities for exposure. We will now imitate some animals.

Jumping like a rabbit
In this acting, we sit on the ground on our legs and hands as shown in
the picture and jump like a rabbit.

Fig: 34.1

Jumping like a frog Fig: 34.2
Crawling like a kid

Fig: 34.3

ACTING-BASED GAMES 207

Walking like a cat

Fig: 34.4

Walking like an alcoholic man

Fig: 34.5

Flying like an eagle

Fig: 34.6

Jumping like a deer

Fig: 34.7

Teaching Instructions

ƒƒ Inspire children to act with proper understanding
of the pictures.

ƒƒ Give all children opportunity to play.
ƒƒ Let children practise individually and in groups.
ƒƒ Act yourself to show children how to act.

208 Modern Concept Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

BALL GAMES Unit

35

Estimated teaching periods : 2

Objectives

After completing the study of this unit, students will be able to:
 introduce different types of ball games.
 play different types of ball games.

We enjoy playing with a ball. Ball game is played with a ball. These
games give us entertainment and keep us fit, flexible and disciplined.
We play ball games by running, trapping, jumping, and catching balls.
Volleyball, football, basket ball, base ball, etc. are some ball games.

We need different skills such as bouncing, dribbling, throwing, catching,
passing, etc. to play volleyball, football, basket ball and others.

ACTIVITY 1 Fig: 35.1

Dribbling a ball

Dribbling is bouncing the ball on the ground
with the help of hands or legs. We can control
the ball with this skill. We pass the ball by
dribbling. We can dribble the ball moving
forward slowly. We can dribble the ball with one
or two hands/legs. Let’s practise dribbling.

ACTIVITY 2

Throwing a ball

We throw a ball with a single or both hands.

We pass the ball by throwing it to our

friends. We can throw the ball forward or

backward and overhead or under the legs. Fig: 35.2

We play the game throwing as shown in

the picture. Let’s make a circle or a line and start our game.

BALL GAMES 209

ACTIVITY 3

Passing a ball

Passing is a skill used in volleyball, basket ball, hand ball and football.
While playing football, we should pass the ball to our teammates. We
pass the ball near or far. We also pass the ball forward, backward and
sideways. Let’s play.

Fig: 35.3

Some more activities

 Stand in a circle. Dribble a ball five times with a single hand and then run round
the circle and take position at the same place.

 Stand in a queue. Dribble a ball moving forward till the marked line is not crossed.
Then take your position back giving chance to the next friend.

 Stand in a circle. Dribble a ball with feet and go round and take position at the
same place. Give chance to all the children.

 Mark a circle on the ground. Stand out of the circle keeping a friend in the middle.
Pass a ball to the friends dribbling with two hands in such a way that the friend in
the middle will not be able to touch the ball.

 Practise dribbling, throwing and passing the ball in pairs.

Teaching Instructions

ƒƒ Warm up children before they play.
ƒƒ Make arrangement of ground and materials as per

the need of the game.
ƒƒ Engage all the children in the game.
ƒƒ Instruct children clearly about the rules of the game.
ƒƒ Encourage children when they play with words of

admiration and physical touch.

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GYMNASTICS Unit

36

Estimated teaching periods : 2

Objectives

After completing the study of this unit, students will be able to:
 introduce different types of gymnastics.
 perform different types of gymnastics.

Gymnastics is a body balancing game. It makes the body flexible.
Exercises performed in gymnastics help us to keep the body in balance.
Let’s practice some gymnastics postures.

ACTIVITY 1

Balancing hands
We do push ups as shown in the picture. We do push ups keeping our
legs and hands straight. Let’s do push ups five times.

Fig: 36.1

ACTIVITY 2

Stretching legs
We sit on the floor and keep our legs apart. We catch
the feet with our hands and slowly bend our body
forward and try to touch the ground. We also jump
over the bending body of our friend. Let’s practise.

Fig: 36.2

GYMNASTICS 211

ACTIVITY 3 Fig: 36.3

Balancing the body
We balance our body stretching and
standing on one leg. We stretch hands and
keep them up or in horizontal position.
We should raise one leg up and swing in air
to keep our body in balance. Let’s practise.

ACTIVITY 4 Fig: 36.4

Half hand stand
We can balance our body on our hands. We
place the palms of both our hands on the
ground a couple of feet apart and lift the legs
up slowly. We may need the help of a friend
to raise our legs. We balance our body on our
hands. Let’s practise

ACTIVITY 5

Box cart wheel
We do cart wheel at a low height
in the beginning. Let’s practise.

Fig: 36.5

ACTIVITY 6 Fig: 36.6

Cartwheel

We do cartwheel using our
hands and legs. We bend our
body towards the left hand
and then towards the right. We
stand on a hand and turn over.
Let’s practise.

212 Modern Concept Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

BODY BALANCING Unit

37

Estimated teaching periods : 3

Objectives

After completing the study of this unit, students will be able to:
 introduce different types of body balancing games.
 perform different types of body balancing games.

Balancing is a way of keeping the body upright in difficult and
complicated situations. We need to develop skills of balancing our body.
Let’s practise a few exercises.

ACTIVITY 1

Balancing body on a plank
Take a wooden bench of low height. Step on the bench and walk swinging
your hands to balance the body. Let’s practise.

Fig: 37.1

BODY BALANCING 213

ACTIVITY 2

Balancing on steps
We sometimes need to balance our body on steps. We walk on a ladder
putting it on the ground. After walking on the horizontal ladder, we can
walk on a slanting ladder. We can walk on the steps or between them on
a horizontal ladder. Let’s practise.

Fig: 37.2

ACTIVITY 3

Balancing on a rope
We do balancing on a rope. We walk on a thick
rope fixed at a low height. We need to swing
hands or take the help of a stick while walking.
Let’s practise.

Fig: 37.3

Teaching Instructions

ƒƒ Make children aware of accidents while they
practice gymnastics.

ƒƒ Warm up children well.
ƒƒ Instruct children clearly on how they should play.
ƒƒ Let children practise more activities along with the

ones given in the book.

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