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■ Índice Temático

Abstracciones, 71 intensidad, 272 Altruismo
Acción razonada, teoría de la, 137-139, manipulación, vulnerabilidad al, 276, definición de, 399
interés propio y, 432, 432f, 437f
138f 277f selectivo, empatía y, 435, 435f
Acciones/características de otras positivo, 303, 416, 418f voluntariado y, 426
Afiliación
personas, 9-10, 9f motivación a la, 265 Amenaza al ego, 465
Aclaración (debriefing), 32, 32f Amistad
Acosadores, características de los, 471, explícita, 280
implícita, 280 cercana
472f necesidad naturaleza de, 314, 315f
Actitud ambivalente, 122, 123f definición de, 279 versus relaciones románticas, 326,
Actitudes determinantes situacionales en la, 327f

accesibilidad, 136 281 condescendencia y, 377
cambio de, 122-125, 124f diferencias disposicionales en la, 279, edad y, 308
condicionamiento subliminal de las, necesidad de, raíces evolucionistas de,
279f
126 Afroamericanos 309, 310f
conocimiento de las, 136 Amor
definición de, 122 colectivismo y, 176
especificidad, 137 cómo hacen frente al prejuicio los, apasionado, 330
esquemas como, 130 compatibilidad y, 353
existentes, defensa activa de las, 147- 248 consumado, 334f, 335, 354
rasgos estereotipados de los, 246 de compañero, 333, 333f
148, 148f Agrado mutuo, 265, 299, 300f, 301f decisión-compromiso y, 334, 334f
expresión de, dificultad de, 134-135 Agresión definición de, 329, 330f
factores genéticos en las, 128-129, activación intensificada y, 460, 461f diferencias culturales en el, 333
activación sexual y, 460 estilos de, 333, 333f
129f amenaza al ego y, 465 lúdico, 333, 333f
formación de, 125-128, 126f, 127f autoestima y, 180 matrimonio y, 343
fuerza de las, 136 bullying, 471, 472f modelo triangular del, 334, 334f
funciones de las, 130-132, 131f definición de, 447, 447f no correspondido, 331
hacia la conducta, 138, 138f desencadenamiento de la agresión perspectiva evolucionista, 332
importancia de las, 136-137 propósito del, 332
influencia en el comportamiento, 133- desplazada, 457, 458f romántico, 16, 16f
desplazada, 457 significado de, 330, 330f, 354
140, 135f, 138f, 140f determinantes de la versus activación emocional, 353
intensidad, 136 Androginia, 198-199, 319
orígenes de las, 136 factores genéticos, 448 Andrógino, 199
reacciones inmediatas de métodos de investigación, 451, 452f, Ansiedad sobre la apariencia, 207,

comportamiento y, 139-140, 140f 453f 282
relacionadas con la salud vs. personales, 451, 463, 464f, 466f, 482 Apariencia física
situacionales, 451, 467, 470f, 483
conductas relacionadas con la sociales, 451, 454, 455f, 456f, 458f, de los otros, ignorar la, 10, 304
salud, 156-158, 157f mujeres y, 207-208
sobre nosotros mismos, 177 461f, 482 relaciones interpersonales y, 304
Actitudes de los padres, efectos en el diferencias de género en, 465, 466f ser realista con respecto a, 210
prejuicio racial, 239 directa, 465 Apariencia, juzgar por la, 282
Actitudes erotofílicas, 336 en el lugar de trabajo, 474, 474f Apoyo social, 280
Actitudes erotofóbicas, 336 estudio de la, técnicas para el, 452, Aprendizaje
Actitudes medición de, 221 basado en la asociación, 125-126,
Actitudes sexuales, cambios en las, 335 452f, 453f
Activación factores biológicos, 447 126f
intensificada, agresión y, 460, 461f hipermasculinidad/hiperfemineidad y, mantener los puntos de vista
en el modelo afectivo general de la
agresión, 451, 450f 200 correctos, 127
Activación sexual, agresión y, 460 hostil, 463 observacional, 127-128, 127f
Adoctrinamiento intenso, 358, 359, 390- indirecta, 465 Aprendizaje social
392, 391f instrumental, 463 actitudes y, 125-128
Adulación, 73 narcisismo y, 465 definición de, 125
Advertencia, 146 presenciar, efectos de, 458 prejuicio y, 229-230, 230f
Afecto provocación y, 456, 456f Apretón de manos, 45-47, 46f, 47f
atracción y, 273, 275f reducción, 479, 480, 480f Asch, Salomon, 68f
definición de, 84, 272 temperaturas ambientales y, 467, 468, Asimilación sesgada, 148-149
dirección, 272 Asociación Nacional para el Avance en
influencia de la cognición sobre el, 469f
110-111, 113f teorías, 447-451, 468-469 la Aceptación de la Obesidad
influencia en la cognición, 107-111, Agresión abierta, en el lugar de trabajo, (NAAFA), 239
108f Ataques terroristas, respuesta a los
475
Agresión desplazada, 457
Alcohol, agresión y, 467, 470, 470f
Alivio de un estado negativo, 435

571

Atención social Castigo, para el control de la agresión,
definición de, 85 y comportamiento prosocial, 189f 476, 477, 477f
necesidad de, 280 y comportamiento transgresor, 189f
Autoenaltecimiento, 178 Catástrofes, empatía hacia las personas
Atracción interpersonal Autoesquema sexual, 171 en, 421
bases afectivas de la, 272, 273f, 275f, Autoestima
277f actitudes y, 177 Categorización social, 230
definición de, 266, 266f agresión y, 180 Chinos
exposición repetida y, 267, 267f, 268, alta, 180
270f baja, 180 ideogramas, 269, 270f
factores iniciales en la, 264 cambios en la, 181 sesgo de correspondencia y, 60-61, 61f
hacia aquellos a quienes atraemos, concepto de, 177, 177f Ciencia
299, 300f, 301f comparación social y, 178 definición de, 6
modelo centrado en el afecto, 301, después de recibir ayuda, 430 explicar, a niños y niñas, 193, 195, 195f
301f diferencias culturales en la, 178 frente a «no ciencia», 7, 7f
proceso, factores en la, 266, 266f estilo de apego y, 316 Coacción sexual, 466, 466f
proximidad e importancia de, 267, narcisismo y, 465 Codificación, 85
267f, 270f paradójica, 181 Cognición
similitud y, 294, 294f, 295f, 299f variable, 181 déficits cognitivos, superarlos en el
Autoexpresión, actitudes y, 130
Atracción sexual, amor y, 331 Autofocalización, 182 control de la agresión, 450f, 451
Atractivo físico Autoidentidad, actitudes y, 130 detección del engaño y, 48-50, 49f
Automejora, 72, 73f en el modelo afectivo general de la
al evaluar a otros, 282, 283f Autoorganización compartimentizada,
definición de, 282 agresión, 450, 451f
determinantes de, 287, 288f, 289f 184 influencia del afecto en, 107-111, 108f
importancia del, 284, 285f, 287f Autoorganización integrada influencia en la psicología social, 14
Atribución influencia sobre el afecto, 110-111,
acerca de la responsabilidad de la evaluativamente, 185
Autopercepciones 113f
víctima, 410, 410f confianza y, 254 intervenciones
definición de, 40, 51, 84 de hombres y mujeres, 207
depresión y errores, minimizar el negativas de las mujeres, mejorar las, para contrarrestar el prejuicio, 240, 258
para la agresión, 479
impacto de, 64-65, 64f, 77 210 procesos de la, en el comportamiento y
distinción endogrupo-exogrupo y, 232 Autoridad, conformidad y, 378
en la agresión, 464 Autorreferencia, efecto de, 170 pensamiento sociales, 10
fuentes de error, 59-63 Autorregulación, 183 regulación de los estados afectivos,
prejuicio y, 65-66, 66f, 232 Autorreguladora, autoeficacia, 190
teorías de la, 51-59, 51f, 54f, 56f, 57f Autorrevelación, atractivo físico y, 284 111-115, 115f
Atribuciones contraproducentes, 64, 64f Autovaloración, 178 Cognición social
Atribuciones personales, nombres Autoverificación, 178
Autovigilancia, 186, 186f definición de, 82-84
propios y, 292f, 293 Ayuda errores, combatir los, 116-117
Aumento, principio del etapa de evaluación-categorización, 97
a aquellos que te agradan, 408, 409f fuentes de error, 94-95, 106-107
en la atribución causal, 55, 56f, 57f estado de ánimo y, 416
teoría del foco de autorregulación, 57- estado emocional del espectador y, pensamiento contrafáctico, 100-103,
102f
58 416, 418f
Ausencia de prejuicios, en disciplinas pedir, 429 pensamiento mágico, 103-104, 104f
recibir pensando demasiado, 99-100
científicas, 6 sesgo hacia lo negativo, 95-97, 95f, 96f
Autoafirmación, 151 género y, 428, 428f sesgo optimista, 97-99, 98f
Autoconcepto sentimientos/reacciones por, 429, 430f supresión de pensamiento, 104-106,
Azar, asignación al, de los participantes
cambios según las situaciones, 176, 106f
176f a las condiciones experimentales, impacto de los esquemas en la, 85-87
25 Cohabitar, sexo y, 343
cómo funciona el, 169-170 Cohesión
de trabajo, 175 Bases neurológicas, del sesgo hacia lo conformidad y, 363, 364f
definición de, 169 negativo, 96-97 Colectivismo
diferencias culturales en el, 173-174, afroamericanos y, 176
Bogus pipeline, 221, 222f armonía en las relaciones interperson-
174f Bona fide pipeline, 222, 236
estructura del, 171 BSRI (Bem Sex-Role Inventory, ales y, 178
factores externos que afectan al, 176, conformidad y, 373
Inventario de los roles sexuales énfasis en, 60
176f de Bem), 197-198 mexicano-estadounidenses, 312
sexual, 171 Bullying Comparación social
social, 172 naturaleza, 471, 472f al alza, 179, 180f
Autoconciencia reducción, 473 a la baja, 179, 180f
objetiva, 169, 170f Buss, Arnold, 452, 452f autoestima y, 179, 180f
simbólica, 169 definición de, 128
subjetiva, 169 Cambio de actitud negativo, 146 elegir un grupo adecuado de, 211
Autodescripciones en el Inventario de Capacidad de atención reducida, 391- formación de actitudes y, 128
necesidad de, 280
los Roles Sexuales de Bem, 197 392 Comportamiento cooperativo, 312
Autoeficacia Características observables Comportamiento de rol-género, 198
Comportamiento interpersonal,
académica, 190 afiliación y, 278
afectividad rumiadora y, 189f atracción y, 265 diferencias de sexo en el, 206
autorreguladora, 190 Carga cognitiva, en el manejo de Comportamiento no verbal, negativo,
colectiva, 187
definición de, 187 impresiones, 74-75 255
desvinculación moral y, 189f Comportamiento social
en la superación de fobias, 188,
causas del, 9
188f contexto cultural y, 11
estado de ánimo y, 112-113, 113f

572 ÍNDICE TEMÁTICO www.ablongman.com/baronbyrne