สมุดบันทึกเคมี

an4 42

q na4ny dsTaw

Unn 10 n0-bJ6

a2aKaniaanagnouitš4 CaOH),(aa)

13 1.adauma LANEN al reactant=176i901

11 Ca0s) H,O)

C 0H+OH

OH productuA61im4

32C20H 2CalOH)
0+2e 02 2S
2220o
CaCa+e

2

124 3) O{-2 2&o$oeubsi voen LN

12S0,cqH,O) H0,aa) Sulfuraus ji
SO, H,0 H,30 aSulfuric a-Cid

*nnsnaSnan4nnt.i8enestou0895101md1ianá1 A1yin=A1|BiO15o0

molH SO. - mol NaOH Na,SO,ragh H,O(0)

.3 HSO, (aq) +2N,OHaq) H-OHH,0

2H+S04 +2Na+0H

hydogen 1on hydroXide ion

poton base

CId

14Na,CO,c)"CH{C0OH24C0O, H,0 CO
2Na-CO2CH,COO+2

+2H-CO Hco CO, H,0

22 h33H9n 2
21 pH3.5
9nsa

2.3 NaOHNaC| +H,0 Strong acid-

HCL n3astn

uLNa stvona 005
+H+OHT

CH,COONa CH,CO0Na strona b85e

Na-OH NaOH

CH,CO0H CH.C0OH aud

H,0CH,COO weak

CH,COOH0OH

baSe

6-4-2 =0

+HH-C-C001

H 6--2 -1

cHCNH,C NH-CF stYa e8

H,0=H+OH H+ weak base

hydrolysis reaction NHTOHNH,OH

VH+H,0 NH,H,0

HT hyoronium ion
acid

H,0-H H,0

24 MSO M SO

X 25CaCl, Ca2 2C13

1mol AMo 2mol

inniX 11HCI1.0mel/L 15o m Hc 15e mel
HclH+.
1.0M 1. oM eM

ALnlaa HCl=10mo HC x150p x1

1 10 00pri

150 x10 mol
1.50 x1-01mol

0.15 mel

13.HF+H,0 H,0 F xKb.4 10
acio
H-F 6.4 x1o4
F3.1 K=LH0
CHF

3.2 HFH,0 H,o*F
.oO 10M
xK-[4,0*]{F]- 4X

.4 x10

4[HFJ 0.10 M

X b.4x10 M

64x x10 M ..[H,o*]- gx1oM

x10M M LFJ-sx10 M

















10.2 ans9 LU Conjuaste auld- base pairs
H

HFH,0=H,O F

8cid base ad bass

Ansn-US

81aniad H 9noon bU U

CH,Coo H,o CH,CoOH OH

a0id 3eid

nsonus

NH,+H0 NH OH

base aud

A.HNO3t H,o H,O No,

aid oase acid base

2.NH, H,0 NH, OHT

ase id be

HH

ANH,

HCOOH t H,0 Hco0+ H,0 An 22hn lesta

ba 3eld

H- + tormate ion

formicacid

4CH,NH, +H,0 CH,NH, +OH

base H3ci

H QH H-CN H

H-C-N-H HH

H H1

meThul mine
-pHoolyproHo bU H Bhnnd 1
,id -0-H

HPO H,0 H,0+ H,PO

acis

H,P0, H,0 Heo

seacridd d be

HRO H,0 Ho RO4

acid a bse

+H.0 Hs+OH

a2 aci 3id
S
LH-S:J

22

HSH,0 HS+OH

aid b 8s

Hacld

H,0 nsonaLwf MJuopulllnošn Amph.tteie

Anphipro tic

Svb5a

659Ap AAANna

H,0 H,PA H,
H,R0
H,P0 HPO
H PO
Po
HS
Hs

eihs 1 HCo wea ac

Ho -0H,0 Hco, OH

H0be C0 2

HCoHa0

oe

A. What i, the conjuqode acid 0 th cenjuqate base ot

8. HCI HCI H,0 H,0t+C

a

bCH, NH, CH,AHH0 isn 221112564

ad CH,NH+OH

H-CH H id vese

A CH- NH,
H-N-H
H

c.0H OH H,0 H,0+0H

bebase

J.HCO, H0 +OHH,04H,0

bae as aid

ite abaloneed equation to descib thu reatioon

ocCSvhic when osolutio oT pota siuy hyd reen

Sfole,KHsO, ismixed with asolu tien of Sodiwm

icarborate, Na HCO. NeHCONtH co,

kHSOkHSo, 2-
S4HsO +Hco, H,co

acid bas 2ed

Hsot HCo H,50,+ Co

ae 3ci ase

3. Uhat eactins will occuy when 2n ex cess OT 8cetie

saci adedto asolti on ot potassjum phos phato s

K PO 3kt + PO,

22/121 l2s

O CH.Co0H +Po CH,Coo+HPo4

acjd bone 3eid

+ ECH,cooH
2- CH,C00 +H,Po

HPo,

ase

+CH,coOH H,PO CH,Coo+H,Po,

acid base ae

hLdn102 pe aeid - base aj K

cenjuaat

1.1 NH,+H,0NH OH

bhe ci ase

Conjugato reid - base pairs

01.2 CH,C0OH +H, CH,CO0 H,O

bose aeid

CH,cooNa

,2.1 S0, 0HSo, hydr gen Sultite jon

Sultures deid

So=H, HIs0, hyd1«gen sulFat in

sulfuieauid sul phate ion

en22/11/254 2

22 HC,0, C0
2 NH
NH
0H24 H,0

3. nso HS0, M3,2 NH,NH

S.n S0 3.4CN HeN

4bH,03+ Hs,0eH,00Hbas0e

H,0 +H,0 H0H,0

aeid





















































d04

n L61 10.5

1 i611290AanaKa2HN0pH n0s
CH,Co0H Mo.1

=LH, D3N6 HNO O.1M x 0.62x1o4

1.20 x )oM

xo)3010pH log (1.20 -log 1.20

3-0.9 6 2.14

LH,07J v89 HNo,(tmneí 1o0e)-o.1 M

pH-log(1x101) 1lg10-log 1

LH,0] a18 CHa000H -o,1 M x1.50 x15

pH-loy (1.34 X1o 1.34x1oM

33l0910-log 1 34
-O.13 2.89

pH CH,C00H >HNO, H NO,

Acid HNo > H NO2 > CH 000H

Ka HNO > HNO, > cH, C00H

aKa n29 pH<
1
ph

2.pH 9CH,NH, 1.0 M +

CHNH+ H,0 CH,NH, OH k

LOH 1.0 M x4.57x 4o42.14 x1o MpH>

ppOOHH log (2.14 x10) 2lo-log2.14 Kba PH

ph 2-0.33 =1.

14 1.47 12.33

0AM)

ph14 NH,1.0 M

NH,H,0 NH OHT k,
[oH1.ox1.s x10 -A.24x0 M

ppOOHH -los(4.24 x10)3log 10-log4.24

3-063

2.3

pH-14-2.31 11. 13

105.2 12870ph hLaiALns01d

pH Bnas

26491211a

HIn H0(0-In

Ocid trom bose torm

HT 10 Rsslnia

[In

[H,01Inl

ln H1n]

[H,0 K [HInl

es-logLH,0: K - HIn

loa

1pH=pK-log HI
CIn

Hendeyson -Hasselbelch

pH pk tloaLIn Eauation
LHT1

msRIK9 pH 89msLUa viae4OLALM0 o4 MP

pPyronmgae pkn B

w pkn 4.4

Ppyaanngaee 5t1-1 .10

4- lao -tun 83) 4.4-1.6

pH4 nas Acid
neutral
pH A
Base
pH 4-

a819 13 s1 A
4.4
Tusata
b.0
W8ådma1%
.3
pPrHanqe
4.4 .0

Acid

)04H

1DW110 1o5

11 LH,01-3x104

pHAleg10-log3

4-0.479 3.523 3cl

p0H 14 ph

14-3.623

=10.41

2CaCOH,)=Ca20H a0.2a COH), 100m
0.29 200 L5 o
200 mL 1L

LOHJ2mol0H Amol CaOH)

1mel Ca(OH), 74 qCa COH),

H2banaA0 +1(2)+201) 14 q/mol 0.021 M

pOH-loqL2.110) -2l0g10-log 27

pH 14-pOH 14 -159

12.4.3

3HCH,0 H,0C1
12M
o mL 500 mL

197147 Aa HC=2molHC 10mL 12x1o 0..1122mmoel

19 000m

2 11sAa1 JUŠ20ons 500 mL

HCI L0.12 mo
5oo mL
y1000mL 024 M.

12LHCJ 12melHC1m x1oa0Lm20.24 M pH--loq24 0,
000mL hoamL