MODUL SPEKTRUM FIZIK SPM

Answer 6.9 Resistance/ Rintangan

a) INFERENCE MANIPULATED/ DIMANIPULASI : :
INFERENS RESPONDING/ BERGERAK BALAS :
CONSTANT/ DIMALARKAN
:
b) HYPHOTESIS

HIPOTESIS
:
c) AIM
i) TUJUAN

ii) VARIABLES
PEMBOLEHUBAH

iii) LIST OF APPARATUS
SENARAI RADAN
DAN BAHAN

iv) ARRANGEMENT OF
APPARATUS
SUSUNAN RADAS
DAN BAHAN

v) PROCEDURE
PROSEDUR

vi) TABULATE DATA
PENJADUALAN
DATA

vii) ANALYSING DATA
ANALISIS DATA

550

6.10 Heat and current (SPM 2007) Arus dan Pemanasan

Diagram 4.1 shows Aminah ironing her school uniform. After the iron is switched on for a while,
there are still wrinkles on the uniform.Diagram 4.2 shows that the wrinkles are gone when the
temperature control knob on the iron is turned.
Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan Aminah sedang menggosok baju sekolahnya. Selepas sterika
dihidupkan seketika, masih terdapat kedutan pada baju itu. Rajah 4.2 menunjukkan kedutan
hilang apabila tombol kawalan suhu dipusing.

Based on the information and observation: [1 mark]
Berdasarkan maklumat dan pemerhatian di atas: [1 markah]
(a) State one suitable inference

Nyatakan satu inferens yang sesuai

(b) State one suitable hypothesis [1 mark]
Nyatakan satu hipotesis yang sesuai [1 markah]

(c) With the use of apparatus such as ammeter, heater and others apparatus,
describe one experiment to investiage the hypothesis stated in 3(b).
Dengan menggunakan radas seperti ammeter,pemanas dan lain-lain radas,
terangkan satu eksperimen untuk menyiasat hipotesis yang dinyatakan di 3(b).
In your description, state clearly the following:
Dalam penerangan anda, jelaskan perkara berikut:

i) The aim of the experiment/ Tujuan eksperimen.
ii) The variable in the experiment/ Pembolehubah dalam eksperimen.
iii) The list of the apparatus and materials/ Senarai radas dan bahan.
iv) The arrangement of the apparatus/ Susunan radas.
v) The prosedure of the experiment which includes one method of controlling the

manipulated variable and one method of measuring the responding variable.
Prosedur eksperimen termasuk kaedah mengawal pembolehubah dimanipulasi
dan kaedah mengukur pembolehubah bergerak balas
vi) The way to tabulate the data/ Cara anda menjadualkan data.
vii) The way to analyse the data/ Cara anda menganalisis data

[10 marks/ markah]

551

Answer 6.10 Heat and current (SPM 2007) Arus dan Pemanasan

a) INFERENCE MANIPULATED/ DIMANIPULASI : :
INFERENS RESPONDING/ BERGERAK BALAS :
CONSTANT/ DIMALARKAN
:
b) HYPHOTESIS

HIPOTESIS
:
c) AIM
i) TUJUAN

ii) VARIABLES
PEMBOLEHUBAH

iii) LIST OF APPARATUS
SENARAI RADAN
DAN BAHAN

iv) ARRANGEMENT OF
APPARATUS
SUSUNAN RADAS
DAN BAHAN

v) PROCEDURE
PROSEDUR

vi) TABULATE DATA
PENJADUALAN
DATA

vii) ANALYSING DATA
ANALISIS DATA

552

Chapter 8
ELECTROMAGNETISM
(KEELEKTROMAGNETAN)

553

6.11 Electromagnet/ Keelektromagnetan

Diagram 4.1 and Diagram 4.2 show an electric bell. In Diagram 4.1, when it is connected to two
batteries, the bell will ring. In Diagram 4.2, when it is connected to four batteries, the bell will ring
louder. When the bell ring louder, the force exerted on the hammer is greater.
Rajah 4.1 dan Rajah 4.2 menunjukkan loceng elektrik. Dalam Rajah 4.1, apabila disambungkan
ke dua bateri, loceng akan berbunyi. Dalam Rajah 4.2, apabila disambungkan ke empat bateri,
loceng akan berbunyi lebih kuat. Apabila loceng berbunyi lebih kuat, daya yang diberikan pada
tukul lebih besar.

Based on the information and observation: [1 mark]
Berdasarkan maklumat dan pemerhatian di atas: [1 markah]
(a) State one suitable inference

Nyatakan satu inferens yang sesuai

(b) State one suitable hypothesis [1 mark]
Nyatakan satu hipotesis yang sesuai [1 markah]

(c) With the use of apparatus such as insulated copper wire, soft iron and others
apparatus, describe one experiment to investiage the hypothesis stated in 3(b).
Dengan menggunakan radas seperti wayar kuprum bertebat , besi lembut dan
lain-lain radas, terangkan satu eksperimen untuk menyiasat hipotesis yang
dinyatakan di 3(b).
In your description, state clearly the following:
Dalam penerangan anda, jelaskan perkara berikut:

i) The aim of the experiment/ Tujuan eksperimen.
ii) The variable in the experiment/ Pembolehubah dalam eksperimen.
iii) The list of the apparatus and materials/ Senarai radas dan bahan.
iv) The arrangement of the apparatus/ Susunan radas.
v) The procedure of the experiment which includes one method of controlling the

manipulated variable and one method of measuring the responding variable.
Prosedur eksperimen termasuk kaedah mengawal pembolehubah dimanipulasi
dan kaedah mengukur pembolehubah bergerak balas
vi) The way to tabulate the data/ Cara anda menjadualkan data.
vii) The way to analyse the data/ Cara anda menganalisis data

[10 marks/ markah]

554

Answer 6.11 Electromagnet/ Keelektromagnetan

a) INFERENCE MANIPULATED/ DIMANIPULASI : :
INFERENS RESPONDING/ BERGERAK BALAS :
CONSTANT/ DIMALARKAN
:
b) HYPHOTESIS

HIPOTESIS
:
c) AIM
i) TUJUAN

ii) VARIABLES
PEMBOLEHUBAH

iii) LIST OF APPARATUS
SENARAI RADAN
DAN BAHAN

iv) ARRANGEMENT OF
APPARATUS
SUSUNAN RADAS
DAN BAHAN

v) PROCEDURE
PROSEDUR

vi) TABULATE DATA
PENJADUALAN
DATA

vii) ANALYSING DATA
ANALISIS DATA

555

6.12 Motor SPM 2014

Diagram 4.1 shows a table fan blades are spinning when the speed adjusting button is set at
low current. Diagram 4.2 shows the blades are spinning faster when the speed adjusting
button is set at a high current. The blades spin faster represents the greater force produced
by the motor of the fan.
Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan bilah kipas berputar apabila butang pelaras laju dilaraskan pada arus
yang rendah. Rajah 4.2 menunjukkan bilah kipas berputar lebih laju apabila butang pelaras
laju dilaraskan pada arus yang tinggi. Putaran bilah yang lebih laju mewakili daya yang lebih
besar dihasilkan oleh motor kipas itu.

Diagram 4.1/ Rajah 4.1 Diagram 4.2/ Rajah 4.2

Based on the information and observation: [1 mark]
Berdasarkan maklumat dan pemerhatian di atas: [1 markah]
(a) State one suitable inference

Nyatakan satu inferens yang sesuai

(b) State one suitable hypothesis [1 mark]
Nyatakan satu hipotesis yang sesuai [1 markah]

(c) With the use of apparatus such as magnadur magnet, C - s h a p e d i r o n y o k e
and others apparatus, describe one experiment to investiage the hypothesis
stated in 3(b).
Dengan menggunakan radas seperti magnet magnadur, dening besi bentuk C,
dan lain-lain radas, terangkan satu eksperimen untuk menyiasat hipotesis yang
dinyatakan di 3(b).
In your description, state clearly the following:
Dalam penerangan anda, jelaskan perkara berikut:

i) The aim of the experiment/ Tujuan eksperimen.
ii) The variable in the experiment/ Pembolehubah dalam eksperimen.
iii) The list of the apparatus and materials/ Senarai radas dan bahan.
iv) The arrangement of the apparatus/ Susunan radas.
v) The procedure of the experiment which includes one method of controlling the

manipulated variable and one method of measuring the responding variable.
Prosedur eksperimen termasuk kaedah mengawal pembolehubah dimanipulasi
dan kaedah mengukur pembolehubah bergerak balas
vi) The way to tabulate the data/ Cara anda menjadualkan data.
vii) The way to analyse the data/ Cara anda menganalisis data

[10 marks/ markah]

556

Answer 6.12 Motor SPM 2014

a) INFERENCE MANIPULATED/ DIMANIPULASI : :
INFERENS RESPONDING/ BERGERAK BALAS :
CONSTANT/ DIMALARKAN
:
b) HYPHOTESIS

HIPOTESIS
:
c) AIM
i) TUJUAN

ii) VARIABLES
PEMBOLEHUBAH

iii) LIST OF APPARATUS
SENARAI RADAN
DAN BAHAN

iv) ARRANGEMENT OF
APPARATUS
SUSUNAN RADAS
DAN BAHAN

v) PROCEDURE
PROSEDUR

vi) TABULATE DATA
PENJADUALAN
DATA

vii) ANALYSING DATA
ANALISIS DATA

557

6.13 Electromagnetic induction SPM 2005 / Aruhan elektromagnet

Figure 4.1 shows a cross-section of a bicycle dynamo which has a magnet and a coil of
insulated copper wire. The output of the dynamo is connected to a bicycle lamp. The lamp
will light up when the magnet is rotated by turning the wheel. The light gets brighter when the
wheel turns faster.
Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan keratan rentas dynamo basikal yang mempunyai magnet dan
gegelung wayar kuprum bertebat. Output dinamo disambungkan ke lampu basikal. Lampu
akan menyala jika magnet diputarkan oleh tayar yang berputar. Lampu menyala lebih cerah
apabila tayar berputar lebih laju.

Based on the information and observation: [1 mark]
Berdasarkan maklumat dan pemerhatian di atas: [1 markah]
(a) State one suitable inference

Nyatakan satu inferens yang sesuai

(b) State one suitable hypothesis [1 mark]
Nyatakan satu hipotesis yang sesuai [1 markah]

(c) With the use of apparatus such as magnet, insulated copper wire and others
apparatus, describe one experiment to investiage the hypothesis stated in 3(b).
Dengan menggunakan radas seperti magnet, wayar kuprum bertebat dan lain-
lain radas, terangkan satu eksperimen untuk menyiasat hipotesis yang
dinyatakan di 3(b).
In your description, state clearly the following:
Dalam penerangan anda, jelaskan perkara berikut:

i) The aim of the experiment/ Tujuan eksperimen.
ii) The variable in the experiment/ Pembolehubah dalam eksperimen.
iii) The list of the apparatus and materials/ Senarai radas dan bahan.
iv) The arrangement of the apparatus/ Susunan radas.
v) The procedure of the experiment which includes one method of controlling the

manipulated variable and one method of measuring the responding variable.
Prosedur eksperimen termasuk kaedah mengawal pembolehubah dimanipulasi
dan kaedah mengukur pembolehubah bergerak balas
vi) The way to tabulate the data/ Cara anda menjadualkan data.
vii) The way to analyse the data/ Cara anda menganalisis data

[10 marks/ markah]

558

Answer 6.13 Electromagnetic induction SPM 2005 / Aruhan elektromagnet

a) INFERENCE MANIPULATED/ DIMANIPULASI : :
INFERENS RESPONDING/ BERGERAK BALAS :
CONSTANT/ DIMALARKAN
:
b) HYPHOTESIS

HIPOTESIS
:
c) AIM
i) TUJUAN

ii) VARIABLES
PEMBOLEHUBAH

iii) LIST OF APPARATUS
SENARAI RADAN
DAN BAHAN

iv) ARRANGEMENT OF
APPARATUS
SUSUNAN RADAS
DAN BAHAN

v) PROCEDURE
PROSEDUR

vi) TABULATE DATA
PENJADUALAN
DATA

vii) ANALYSING DATA
ANALISIS DATA

559

6.14 Electromagnetic Induction/ Aruhan electromagnet

Diagram 4.1 and Diagram 4.2 show a cross sectional of bicycle dynamo which has a magnet
and a coil of insulated copper wire. The output of dynamo is connected to a bicycle lamp.
When the magnet is rotated by turning the wheel with same speed, the lamp in Diagram 4.2 is
light up brighter than in Diagram 4.1.
Diagram 4.1 dan Diagram 4.2 menunjukkan keratan rentas dinamo basikal yang mempunyai
magnet dan gegelung dawai tembaga bertebat. Output dynamo disambungkan ke lampu
basikal. Apabila magnet diputar dengan memutar roda dengan kelajuan yang sama, lampu
dalam Rajah 4.2 menyala lebih terang daripada pada Rajah 4.1.

Based on the information and observation: [1 mark]
Berdasarkan maklumat dan pemerhatian di atas: [1 markah]
(a) State one suitable inference

Nyatakan satu inferens yang sesuai

(b) State one suitable hypothesis [1 mark]
Nyatakan satu hipotesis yang sesuai [1 markah]

(c) With the use of apparatus such as magnet, insulated copper wire and others
apparatus, describe one experiment to investiage the hypothesis stated in 3(b).
Dengan menggunakan radas seperti magnet, wayar kuprum bertebat dan lain-
lain radas, terangkan satu eksperimen untuk menyiasat hipotesis yang
dinyatakan di 3(b).
In your description, state clearly the following:
Dalam penerangan anda, jelaskan perkara berikut:

i) The aim of the experiment/ Tujuan eksperimen.
ii) The variable in the experiment/ Pembolehubah dalam eksperimen.
iii) The list of the apparatus and materials/ Senarai radas dan bahan.
iv) The arrangement of the apparatus/ Susunan radas.
v) The prosedure of the experiment which includes one method of controlling the

manipulated variable and one method of measuring the responding variable.
Prosedur eksperimen termasuk kaedah mengawal pembolehubah dimanipulasi
dan kaedah mengukur pembolehubah bergerak balas
vi) The way to tabulate the data/ Cara anda menjadualkan data.
vii) The way to analyse the data/ Cara anda menganalisis data

[10 marks/ markah]
560

Answer 6.14 Electromagnetic Induction/ Aruhan electromagnet

a) INFERENCE MANIPULATED/ DIMANIPULASI : :
INFERENS RESPONDING/ BERGERAK BALAS :
CONSTANT/ DIMALARKAN
:
b) HYPHOTESIS

HIPOTESIS
:
c) AIM
i) TUJUAN

ii) VARIABLES
PEMBOLEHUBAH

iii) LIST OF APPARATUS
SENARAI RADAN
DAN BAHAN

iv) ARRANGEMENT OF
APPARATUS
SUSUNAN RADAS
DAN BAHAN

v) PROCEDURE
PROSEDUR

vi) TABULATE DATA
PENJADUALAN
DATA

vii) ANALYSING DATA
ANALISIS DATA

561

6.15 Transformer

Diagram shows a step down transformer. A primary coil is connected to the input supply
240V a.c. Diagram 4.1(a) and diagram 4.1(b) shows a bulb that is connected to a
secondary coil. It is observed that the brightness of the bulb in diagram 4.1(b) is brighter than
in diagram 4.1(a).
Rajah 4 menunjukkan transformer injak turun. Gegelung primer disambung ke bekalan
kuasa input 240 V au. Rajah 4.1(a) dan Rajah 4.1(b) menunjukkan sebiji mentol
disambungkan ke gegelung sekunder. Didapati mentol dalam Rajah 4.1(b) lebih cerah
dari Rajah 4.1(a).

Based on the information and observation: [1 mark]
Berdasarkan maklumat dan pemerhatian di atas: [1 markah]
(a) State one suitable inference

Nyatakan satu inferens yang sesuai

(b) State one suitable hypothesis [1 mark]
Nyatakan satu hipotesis yang sesuai [1 markah]

(c) With the use of apparatus such as soft iron, insulated copper wire and others
apparatus, describe one experiment to investiage the hypothesis stated in 3(b).
Dengan menggunakan radas besi lembut, wayar kuprum bertebat dan lain-lain
radas, terangkan satu eksperimen untuk menyiasat hipotesis yang dinyatakan di
3(b).
In your description, state clearly the following:
Dalam penerangan anda, jelaskan perkara berikut:

i) The aim of the experiment/ Tujuan eksperimen.
ii) The variable in the experiment/ Pembolehubah dalam eksperimen.
iii) The list of the apparatus and materials/ Senarai radas dan bahan.
iv) The arrangement of the apparatus/ Susunan radas.
v) The prosedure of the experiment which includes one method of controlling the

manipulated variable and one method of measuring the responding variable.
Prosedur eksperimen termasuk kaedah mengawal pembolehubah dimanipulasi
dan kaedah mengukur pembolehubah bergerak balas
vi) The way to tabulate the data/ Cara anda menjadualkan data.
vii) The way to analyse the data/ Cara anda menganalisis data

[10 marks/ markah]
562

Answer 6.15 Transformer

a) INFERENCE MANIPULATED/ DIMANIPULASI : :
INFERENS RESPONDING/ BERGERAK BALAS :
CONSTANT/ DIMALARKAN
:
b) HYPHOTESIS

HIPOTESIS
:
c) AIM
i) TUJUAN

ii) VARIABLES
PEMBOLEHUBAH

iii) LIST OF APPARATUS
SENARAI RADAN
DAN BAHAN

iv) ARRANGEMENT OF
APPARATUS
SUSUNAN RADAS
DAN BAHAN

v) PROCEDURE
PROSEDUR

vi) TABULATE DATA
PENJADUALAN
DATA

vii) ANALYSING DATA
ANALISIS DATA

563

564

SKEMA SOALAN 1

(SET 1)

Question Answer Scheme Marks Allocated
1
(a)(i) MV: Mass// m 1
1
(a)(ii) RV: Diameter// d
2
(a)(iii) CV: Height// Density of metal cylinder
5
(b)(i) Readings of d

Diagram 1.2: 3.64 mm

Diagram 1.3: 5.15 mm

Diagram 1.4: 6.31 mm

Diagram 1.5: 7.29 mm

Diagram 1.6: 8.15 mm

(b)(ii) ✔1 : 3 readings correct
✔2 : All readings correct
Tabulation for m, d and d2

m (g) d (mm) d2 (mm2)

5 3.64 13.25
10 5.15 26.52
15 6.31 39.82
20 7.29 53.14
25 8.15 66.42

✔1 : All headings for m, d and d2 correct
✔2 : All units for m, d and d2 correct
✔3 : 3 readings of d2 correct
✔4 : All readings of d2 correct (Accept ecf)

✔5 : All readings of d2 consistent to 2 d.p
(c) Graph of d2 against m

5

565

✔1 : Labels on both axes correct
✔2 : Units on both axes correct
✔3 : Uniform scale on both axes
✔4 : 3-4 points plotted correctly
✔5 : All 5 points plotted correctly
✔6 : Best fit line is drawn
✔7 : Size of graph at least 5 x 4 (10 cm x 8 cm)

(Counted from origin until the furthest point)

5 marks - 7✔
4 marks - 5✔ - 6✔
3 marks - 3✔ - 4✔
2 marks - 2✔
1 mark - 1✔
(d) Relationship between d2 and m
d2 is directly proportional to m

(Accept “increases linearly” based on student’s 1
graph)
Marks Allocated
(SET 2) 1
1
Question Answer Scheme 1
1
(a)(i) MV: Mass of load// m
2
(a)(ii) RV: angle of deflection// q// b
1
(a)(iii) CV: Length of rod// length of plumb line 566

(b)(i) Readings of b
Diagram 1.2: 71o

Diagram 1.3: 55o

Diagram 1.4: 44o

Diagram 1.5: 36o

Diagram 1.6: 30o

(b)(ii) ✔1 : All readings of b correct

Readings of q
Diagram 1.2: 19o
Diagram 1.3: 35o
Diagram 1.4: 46o
Diagram 1.5: 54o
Diagram 1.6: 60o

✔1 : 3 readings correct

✔2 : All readings correct

(Accept ecf)

(b)(iii) Readings of tan q

Diagram 1.2: 0.344 Diagram 1.5: 1.376

Diagram 1.3: 0.700 Diagram 1.6: 1.732

Diagram 1.4: 1.036

✔1 : All readings correct (Accept ecf)

(b)(iv) Tabulation for m, β, θ and tan θ
(c)
m (g) β (o) θ (o) tan θ

5.0 71 19 0.344
0.700
10.0 55 35 1.036
1.376
15.0 44 46 1.732 3

20.0 36 54

25.0 30 60

✔1 : All headings for m, β, θ and tan θ correct
✔2 : All units for m, β, θ and tan θ correct
✔3 : All readings of tan θ consistent to 3 d.p
Graph of tan θ against m

✔1 : Labels on both axes correct 5
✔2 : Units on both axes correct
✔3 : Uniform scale on both axes 1
✔4 : 3-4 points plotted correctly 567
✔5 : All 5 points plotted correctly
✔6 : Best fit line is drawn
✔7 : Size of graph at least 5 x 4 (10 cm x 8 cm)

(Counted from origin until the furthest point)

5 marks - 7✔
4 marks - 5✔ - 6✔
3 marks - 3✔ - 4✔
2 marks - 2✔
1 mark - 1✔
(d) Relationship between tan θ and m
tan θ is directly proportional to m

(Accept “increases linearly” based on student’s graph)

(SET 3)

Question Answer Scheme Marks Allocated
1
(a)(i) MV: Mass of plasticine// m 1
1
(a)(ii) RV: Period of oscillation// T 2

(a)(iii) CV: Length of jigsaw blade// stiffness of jigsaw 1

blade 1

(b)(i) Readings of t20 3
Diagram 1.2: 10.8
568
Diagram 1.3: 15.4

Diagram 1.4: 18.8

Diagram 1.5: 21.8

Diagram 1.6: 24.4

Diagram 1.7: 26.6

✔1 : 4 readings correct

✔2 : All readings correct

(b)(ii) Readings of T

Diagram 1.2: 0.54 s

Diagram 1.3: 0.77 s

Diagram 1.4: 0.94 s

Diagram 1.5: 1.09 s

Diagram 1.6: 1.22 s

Diagram 1.7: 1.33 s

(b)(iii) ✔1 : All readings correct

(Accept ecf)

Readings of T2
Diagram 1.2: 0.29 s2
Diagram 1.3: 0.59 s2
Diagram 1.4: 0.88 s2
Diagram 1.5: 1.19 s2
Diagram 1.6: 1.49 s2
Diagram 1.7: 1.77 s2

✔1 : All readings correct
(Accept ecf)
(c) Tabulation for m, t20, T and T2

m (g) t20 (s) T (s) T2 (s2)
50
100 10.8 0.54 0.29
150 15.4
200 18.8 0.77 0.59
250 21.8
300 24.4 0.94 0.88
26.6
1.09 1.19

1.22 1.49

1.33 1.77

✔1 : All headings & units for m, t20, T and T2
correct
✔2 : All readings of T consistent to 2 d.p
✔3 : All readings of T2 consistent to 2 d.p

(d) Graph of T2 against m

✔1 : Labels on both axes correct 5
✔2 : Units on both axes correct 1
✔3 : Uniform scale on both axes
✔4 : 3-4 points plotted correctly
✔5 : All 5 points plotted correctly
✔6 : Best fit line is drawn
✔7 : Size of graph at least 5 x 4 (10 cm x 8 cm)

(Counted from origin until the furthest point)

5 marks - 7✔
4 marks - 5✔ - 6✔
3 marks - 3✔ - 4✔
2 marks - 2✔
1 mark - 1✔

(e) Relationship between T2 and m
T2 is directly proportional to m

(Accept “increases linearly” based on student’s
graph)

569

(SET 4)

Question Answer Scheme Marks Allocated
1
(a)(i) MV: Height// h 1
1
(a)(ii) RV: Final velocity// v// Length of 2 ticks ticker 1

tape// s 6

(a)(iii) CV: Mass of trolley// time taken for 2 ticks 5

(b)(i) t = 0.04 s

(b)(ii) Tabulation for h, s and v

h (cm) s (cm) v (cm s-1) v (m s-1)

10.0 3.0 75.0 0.75
15.0 4.5 112.5 1.13
20.0 6.3 157.5 1.58
25.0 7.5 187.5 1.88
30.0 8.8 220.0 2.20

✔1 : All headings for h, s and v correct
✔2 : All units for h, s and v correct
✔3 : 3 readings of s correct
✔4 : All readings of v correct (Accept ecf)
✔5 : All readings of s consistent to 1 d.p & ✔6 : All
readings of v consistent to 1 d.p (in cm s-1) or 2 d.p (in
m s-1)
(c) Graph of v against h
✔1 : Labels on both axes correct
✔2 : Units on both axes correct
✔3 : Uniform scale on both axes
✔4 : 3-4 points plotted correctly
✔5 : All 5 points plotted correctly
✔6 : Best fit line is drawn
✔7 : Size of graph at least 5 x 4 (10 cm x 8 cm)

(Counted from origin until the furthest point)

5 marks - 7✔
4 marks - 5✔ - 6✔
3 marks - 3✔ - 4✔
2 marks - 2✔
1 mark - 1✔

570

(d) Relationship between v and h
v is directly proportional to h

(Accept “increases linearly” based on student’s 1
graph)
Marks Allocated
(SET 5) 1
1
Question Answer Scheme 1
1
(a)(i) MV: Depth of the rod immersed// d
2
(a)(ii) RV: Reading of spring balance// Buoyant force// F
1
(a)(iii) CV: Cross-sectional area of rod// Density of
571
liquid// Gravitational acceleration, g

(b)(i) Wo = 1.0 N

(b)(ii) Readings of W

Diagram 1.3: 0.88 N

Diagram 1.4: 0.76 N

Diagram 1.5: 0.64 N

Diagram 1.6: 0.52 N

Diagram 1.7: 0.40 N

(b)(iii) ✔1 : 3 readings correct
✔2 : All readings correct

Readings of F
Diagram 1.3: 0.12 N
Diagram 1.4: 0.24 N
Diagram 1.5: 0.36 N
Diagram 1.6: 0.48 N
Diagram 1.7: 0.60 N
✔1 : All readings correct (Accept ecf)

(c) Tabulation for m, t20, T and T2

d (cm) W (N) F (N)

5.00 0.88 0.12

10.0 0.76 0.24

15.0 0.64 0.36

20.0 0.52 0.48 3

25.0 0.40 0.60

✔1 : All headings for d, W and F correct
✔2 : All units for d, W and F correct
✔3 : All readings of W and F consistent to

2 d.p
(d) Graph of F against d

✔1 : Labels on both axes correct 5
✔2 : Units on both axes correct
✔3 : Uniform scale on both axes 1
✔4 : 3-4 points plotted correctly 572
✔5 : All 5 points plotted correctly
✔6 : Best fit line is drawn
✔7 : Size of graph at least 5 x 4 (10 cm x 8 cm)

(Counted from origin until the furthest point)

5 marks - 7✔
4 marks - 5✔ - 6✔
3 marks - 3✔ - 4✔
2 marks - 2✔
1 mark - 1✔
(e) Relationship between F and d
F is directly proportional to d

(Accept “increases linearly” based on student’s
graph)

(SET 6)

Question Answer Scheme Marks Allocated
1
(a)(i) MV: Time of heating// t 1
1
(a)(ii) RV: Temperature// q// Temperature increase// Dq 1

(a)(iii) CV: Power of immersion heater 1

(b) qo = 25 oC 5

(c)(i) Readings of q

Diagram 1.3: 32 oC

Diagram 1.4: 39 oC

Diagram 1.5: 46 oC

Diagram 1.6: 53 oC

Diagram 1.7: 60 oC

(c)(ii) ✔1 : All readings correct
Tabulation for t, q and Dq

t (s) q (oC) Dq (oC)

20 32 7

40 39 14

60 46 21

80 53 28

100 60 35

✔1 : All headings for t, q and Dq correct
✔2 : All units for t, q and Dq correct
✔3 : 3 readings of Dq correct
✔4 : All readings of Dq correct (Accept ecf)
✔5 : All readings of q and Dq don’t have

decimal point.
(d) Graph of Dq against t

5

573

✔1 : Labels on both axes correct
✔2 : Units on both axes correct
✔3 : Uniform scale on both axes
✔4 : 3-4 points plotted correctly
✔5 : All 5 points plotted correctly
✔6 : Best fit line is drawn
✔7 : Size of graph at least 5 x 4 (10 cm x 8 cm)

(Counted from origin until the furthest point)

5 marks - 7✔
4 marks - 5✔ - 6✔
3 marks - 3✔ - 4✔
2 marks - 2✔
1 mark - 1✔

(e) Relationship between Dq and t
Dq is directly proportional to t

(Accept “increases linearly” based on student’s 1
graph)
Marks Allocated
(SET 7) 1
1
Question Answer Scheme 1
2
(a)(i) MV: Object distance// u
5
(a)(ii) RV: Image distance// v
574
(a)(iii) CV: Power of convex lens

(b)(i) Readings of v

Diagram 1.2: 13.3 cm

Diagram 1.3: 8.6 cm

Diagram 1.4: 7.1 cm

Diagram 1.5: 6.7 cm

Diagram 1.6: 6.4 cm

Diagram 1.7: 6.1 cm

✔1 : 4 readings correct

✔2 : All readings correct

(b)(ii) Tabulation for u, v, and

$ $
u (cm) v (cm) % (cm-1) & (cm-1)

8.0 13.3 0.125 0.075

12.0 8.6 0.083 0.116

16.0 7.1 0.063 0.141

20.0 6.7 0.050 0.149

24.0 6.4 0.042 0.156

28.0 6.1 0.036 0.164

✔1 : All headings for u, v, and correct


✔2 : All units for u, v, and correct


✔3 : All readings of correct


✔4 : All readings of correct (Accept ecf)


✔5 : All readings of and consistent to 3 d.p


(c) Graph of against


✔1 : Labels on both axes correct
✔2 : Units on both axes correct
✔3 : Uniform scale on both axes
✔4 : 3-4 points plotted correctly
✔5 : All 5 points plotted correctly
✔6 : Best fit line is drawn
✔7 : Size of graph at least 5 x 4 (10 cm x 8 cm)

(Counted from origin until the furthest point)

5 marks - 7✔
4 marks - 5✔ - 6✔
3 marks - 3✔ - 4✔
2 marks - 2✔
1 mark - 1✔

5

(e) Relationship between and

$ $ 1
& decreases linearly with % 575

(SET 8)

Question Answer Scheme Marks Allocated
1
(a)(i) MV: Wavelength// l 1
1
(a)(ii) RV: Distance between two consecutive bright
2
fringes// x// d 2

(a)(iii) CV: Distance of separation between the double 3

slits// Distance between the double slits and the

screen

(b)(i), (ii) Readings of d and x

Diagram 1.2 d1 = 7.9 cm

x1 = 0.79 cm

Diagram 1.3 d2 = 6.5 cm

x2 = 0.65 cm

Diagram 1.4 d3 = 5.6 cm
x3 = 0.56 cm

Diagram 1.5 d4 = 4.4 cm

x4 = 0.44 cm

Diagram 1.6 d5 = 3.3 cm

x5 = 0.33 cm

(Note: Measurements are based on the printed

version & may differ)

✔1 : 3 readings of d correct
✔2 : All readings of d correct

✔1 : 3 readings of x correct
✔2 : All readings of x correct (Accept ecf)
(c) Tabulation for l, d and x

l (nm) d (cm) x (cm)
317
417 3.3 0.33
542 4.4 0.44
625 5.6 0.56
750 6.5 0.65
7.9 0.79

✔1 : All headings for l, d and x correct
✔2 : All units for l, d and x correct
✔3 : All readings of x consistent to 2 d.p

576

(d) Graph of x against l

✔1 : Labels on both axes correct 5
✔2 : Units on both axes correct
✔3 : Uniform scale on both axes 1
✔4 : 3-4 points plotted correctly Marks Allocated
✔5 : All 5 points plotted correctly
✔6 : Best fit line is drawn 1
✔7 : Size of graph at least 5 x 4 (10 cm x 8 cm) 1
1
(Counted from origin until the furthest point)
577
5 marks - 7✔
4 marks - 5✔ - 6✔
3 marks - 3✔ - 4✔
2 marks - 2✔
1 mark - 1✔

(e) Relationship between x and l

x is directly proportional to l

(Accept “increases linearly” based on student’s
graph)

(SET 9)

Question Answer Scheme

(a)(i) MV: Height of air inside the tube// h

(a)(ii) RV: Length of one wave// d// period// T//

frequency// f

(a)(iii) CV: Amplitude of sound

(b) Tabulation for h, d, T and f

h (cm) d (cm) T (s) f (Hz)
10.0 2.4 0.12 8.33
15.0 2.6 0.13 7.69

20.0 2.8 0.14 7.14 7
25.0 3.2 0.16 6.25
30.0 3.5 0.18 5.56

✔1 : All headings for h, d, T and f correct
✔2 : All units for h, d, T and f correct
✔3 : 3 readings of d correct
✔4 : All readings of d correct
✔5 : All readings of T correct (Accept ecf)
✔6 : All readings of f correct (Accept ecf)
✔7 : All readings of d, T and f consistent to 1 d.p
(d), 2 d.p (T) and 2 d.p (f)
(c) Graph of f against h

✔1 : Labels on both axes correct 5
✔2 : Units on both axes correct
✔3 : Uniform scale on both axes 1
✔4 : 3-4 points plotted correctly 578
✔5 : All 5 points plotted correctly
✔6 : Best fit line is drawn
✔7 : Size of graph at least 5 x 4 (10 cm x 8 cm)

(Counted from origin until the furthest point)

5 marks - 7✔
4 marks - 5✔ - 6✔
3 marks - 3✔ - 4✔
2 marks - 2✔
1 mark - 1✔

(d) Relationship between f and h
f decreases linearly with h

(SET 10)

Question Answer Scheme Marks Allocated
1
(a)(i) MV: Temperature// q 1
1
(a)(ii) RV: Current// I 2

(a)(iii) CV: Voltage 4

(b)(i) Readings of I 5

Diagram 1.2: 0.28 A

Diagram 1.3: 0.18 A

Diagram 1.4: 0.12 A

Diagram 1.5: 0.10 A

Diagram 1.6: 0.08 A

✔1 : 3 readings correct
✔2 : All readings correct
(b) Tabulation for q, I and 1/I

q (oC) I (A) 1/I (A-1)
10
20 0.28 3.57
30 0.18 5.56
40 0.12 8.33
50 0.10 10.00
0.08 12.50

✔1 : All headings for q, I and 1/I correct
✔2 : All units for q, I and 1/I correct
✔3 : All readings of 1/I correct (Accept ecf)
✔4 : All readings of 1/I consistent to 2 d.p
(c) Graph of 1/I against q

✔1 : Labels on both axes correct
✔2 : Units on both axes correct
✔3 : Uniform scale on both axes
✔4 : 3-4 points plotted correctly
✔5 : All 5 points plotted correctly
✔6 : Best fit line is drawn
✔7 : Size of graph at least 5 x 4 (10 cm x 8 cm)

(Counted from origin until the furthest point)

5 marks - 7✔
4 marks - 5✔ - 6✔
3 marks - 3✔ - 4✔
2 marks - 2✔
1 mark - 1✔

579

(d) Relationship between 1/I and q

1/I increases linearly with q 1
(e) Precaution 1

The position of eyes must be perpendicular to the Marks Allocated
scale of the ammeter to avoid parallax error. 1
1
(SET 11) 1
1
Question Answer Scheme
2
(a)(i) MV: Number of turns// N 2

(a)(ii) RV: Induced current// I 580

(a)(iii) CV: Height of bar magnet released

(b)(i) Zero error, x = -1 µA

(b)(ii), (iii) Readings of Ii and I

Diagram 1.3 Ii = 16 µA

I = 17 µA

Diagram 1.4 Ii = 24 µA

I = 25 µA

Diagram 1.5 Ii = 32 µA

I = 33 µA

Diagram 1.6 Ii = 40 µA

I = 41 µA

Diagram 1.7 Ii = 48 µA

I = 49 µA

✔1 : 3 readings of Ii correct
✔2 : All readings of Ii correct

✔1 : 3 readings of I correct
✔2 : All readings of I correct (Accept ecf)

(c) Tabulation for N, Ii and I

N Ii (µA) I (µA)

40 16 17

60 24 25

80 32 33

100 40 41

120 48 49

✔1 : All headings and units for N, Ii and I correct 2
✔2 : All readings of Ii and I don’t have d.p
(d) Graph of I against N

✔1 : Labels on both axes correct 5
✔2 : Units on both axes correct
✔3 : Uniform scale on both axes 1
✔4 : 3-4 points plotted correctly 581
✔5 : All 5 points plotted correctly
✔6 : Best fit line is drawn
✔7 : Size of graph at least 5 x 4 (10 cm x 8 cm)

(Counted from origin until the furthest point)

5 marks - 7✔
4 marks - 5✔ - 6✔
3 marks - 3✔ - 4✔
2 marks - 2✔
1 mark - 1✔
(e) Relationship between I and N

I is directly proportional to N

(Accept “increases linearly” based on student’s
graph)

(SET 12)

Question Answer Scheme Marks Allocated
1
(a)(i) MV: Base current// Arus tapak// Ib 1
1
(a)(ii) RV: Collector current// Arus pengumpul// Ic
2
(a)(iii) CV: Resistance// Rintangan// R// Base voltage// 2

Voltan tapak// Vb 3
5
(b)(i), (ii) Readings of Ib and Ic

Diagram 1.2 Ib = 0.4 mA
Ic = 40.0 mA

Diagram 1.3 Ib = 1.2 mA

Ic = 120.0 mA

Diagram 1.4 Ib = 2.1 mA

Ic = 210.0 mA

Diagram 1.5 Ib = 3.0 mA

Ic = 300.0 mA

Diagram 1.6 Ib = 3.8 mA

Ic = 380.0 mA

✔1 : 3 readings of Ib correct
✔2 : All readings of Ib correct

(b)(iii) ✔1 : 3 readings of Ic correct
✔2 : All readings of Ic correct (Accept ecf)
Tabulation for Ib and Ic

Ib (mA) Ic (mA)
0.4 40.0// 40
1.2 120.0// 120
2.1 210.0// 210
3.0 300.0// 300
3.8 380.0// 380

✔1 : All headings for Ib and Ic correct
✔2 : All units for Ib and Ic correct
✔3 : All readings of Ib and Ic consistent to 1 d.p
(c) Graph of Ic against Ib

582

✔1 : Labels on both axes correct 1
✔2 : Units on both axes correct
✔3 : Uniform scale on both axes
✔4 : 3-4 points plotted correctly
✔5 : All 5 points plotted correctly
✔6 : Best fit line is drawn
✔7 : Size of graph at least 5 x 4 (10 cm x 8 cm)

(Counted from origin until the furthest point)

5 marks - 7✔
4 marks - 5✔ - 6✔
3 marks - 3✔ - 4✔
2 marks - 2✔
1 mark - 1✔
(d) Relationship between Ic and Ib

Ic is directly proportional to Ib

(Accept “increases linearly” based on student’s
graph)

583

SKEMA SOALAN 2

Question Mark Scheme Sub Total
Mark Mark

1(a)(i) T2 is directly proportional to l. 1
T2 adalah berkadar terus dengan l.

(ii) - Show the vertical line corresponding to the l = 0.50 m. 1
- Identify the value of T2 = 2.9 s2 13
- Correct answer with unit 1
T = 1.70 s

(b) - Draw a sufficiently large triangle (minimum 4 x 4) 1
- Correct substitution (follow candidate’s triangle) 13
Example:
!.#$% ( (') 1

%.*$% (+)

- Correct answer with unit

m = 5.83 s2 m-1

(a)(ii)

2.9 s2

(b)

(c) - Correct substitution

= ( . )

= ( . ) 13
584

= . ( . ) 1

- Correct answer with units 1
g = 9.82 m s–2

(d) (i) The position of eye must be perpendicular to the scale of the stopwatch to avoid parallax 1
error.
Kedudukan mata mestilah serenjang kepada skala jam randik untuk mengelakkan ralat
paralaks.

(ii) Repeat the measurement and calculate the average reading to obtain accurate 1 2
measurement. 1
Ulang pengiraan dan hitung purata bacaan untuk mendapatkan pengiraan yang tepat. 3
3
2(a)(i) a is directly proportional to h.
a adalah berkadar terus dengan h.

(ii) - Show the extrapolation on the graph 1
- Show the vertical line corresponding to the h = 0.3 m. 1
- Identify the value of a = 1.50 m s-2 1

(iii) - Draw a sufficiently large triangle (minimum 4 x 4) 1
- Correct substitution (follow candidate’s triangle) 1
Example:
,.#$% (+ ((') 1

%.!$% (+)

- Correct answer with unit

m = 5.0 s-2

585

(b) - Correct substitution

= 1
2
=
1
- Correct answer with units

g = 10 m s–2

(c) - Correct substitution

= × 1
2
= × .
1
- Correct answer with units

- g = 0.75 m s–2

(d) The position of eye must be perpendicular to the scale of the metre rule to avoid parallax error. 1
Kedudukan mata mestilah serenjang kepada skala pembaris meter untuk mengelakkan ralat
paralaks.

3(a)(i) Increases 1
(ii) Bertambah
12
(b)(i) - Show the extrapolation on the graph 1
- Identify the value of l = 10 cm 1
1
- Draw a sufficiently large triangle (minimum 4 x 4)
- Correct substitution (follow candidate’s triangle) 3
1
Example:
--.#$,% (.+) 1
2
*%$% (/)
1
- Correct answer with unit

k = 0.208 cm g-1

(ii) - Correct substitution

- Correct answer with S.I. unit

= 0.4808 kg m–1

586

(b)(i)

10 cm (a)(ii)

(c) - Correct substitution

= +
*
1
* = . + .
3
= . 1
*
- Correct answer with units 1

k’ = 0.2404 kg m–1

(d) The position of eye must be perpendicular to the scale of the metre rule to avoid parallax error. 1
Kedudukan mata mestilah serenjang kepada skala pembaris meter untuk mengelakkan ralat
paralaks.

4(a)(i) W is directly proportional to V. 1
W adalah berkadar terus dengan V.
12
(ii) - Show the vertical line corresponding to the V = 45 cm3. 1
- Identify the value of W = 0.45 N 1
1
(b) - Draw a sufficiently large triangle (minimum 4 x 4)
- Correct substitution (follow candidate’s triangle) 587
Example:

%.#$% (0) 3
1
#%$% (.+))

- Correct answer with unit

k = 0.01 N cm-3

0.65 N

0.45 N

(d)

(a)(ii (b)
)

(c) - Correct substitution 1
2
=


= ( . / )
/

- Correct answer with units 1
ρ = 1 g cm–3
13
(d) - Show the extrapolation on the graph 1
- Show the vertical line corresponding to the V = 65 cm3. 1
- State the value with the correct unit
W0 = 0.65 N

(e) The position of eye must be perpendicular to the scale of the spring balance to avoid parallax 1
error.
Kedudukan mata mestilah serenjang kepada skala neraca spring untuk mengelakkan ralat
paralaks.

588

5(a)(i) P decreases as θ decreases 1
(ii) P berkurang apabila θ berkurang
(b) 1
- Show the extrapolation of the graph 12
- State the value within acceptable range
1
θ = - 273 °C 1

- Draw a sufficiently large triangle (minimum 4 x 4) 3
- Correct substitution (follow candidate’s triangle) 1

Example: 1
1%$-% (234)
1
#%$($-%%) (°6) 12

- Correct answer with unit 1
2
m = 0.28 kPa °C-1
1
(c)(i) – Correct answer with units
(ii) T = 303 K
(iii)
– Show the vertical line corresponding to the θ = 30 °C
– State the value within acceptable range

P = 84 kPa

– Correct substitution
= 29.85 (31"23)
– Correct answer with units

R = 8.28 x 103 Pa K –1

-
589

(d) The position of eye must be perpendicular to the scale of the Bourdon gauge / Pressure gauge 1
/ thermometer to avoid parallax error.
Kedudukan mata mestilah serenjang kepada skala Tolok Bourdon / Tolok Tekanan /
Termometer untuk mengelakkan ralat paralaks.

6(a)(i) sin i is directly proportional to sin r. 1
(ii) sin i is adalah berkadar terus dengan sin r.
1
(b) - Show the extrapolation of the graph 14
- Show the vertical line corresponding to the sin r = 0.65 1
- Identify the value of sin i = 0.76 1
- Correct answer
1
i = 49.5 1
- Draw a sufficiently large triangle (minimum 4 x 4)
- Correct substitution (follow candidate’s triangle) 3

Example: 1
%.7$%
%.*$%
- Correct answer with unit, n = 1.17

(c) – Correct substitution /

= , . ×
,
. × /
. = 13

,

– Correct answer with units 2
v2 = 2.56 x 108 m s –1

- 1
(d) The position of eye must be perpendicular to the scale of the protractor to avoid parallax error.

Kedudukan mata mestilah serenjang kepada skala protaktor untuk mengelakkan ralat
paralaks.

590

7 (a) (i) IC is directly proportional with IB 1
IC berkadar terus dengan IB 1
(b) 1
(c) (ii) IC = 500 mA 1
Extrapolation line / Garisan ekstrapolasi 1
Interpolation line / Garisan intrapolasi 1

(iii) Show triangle minimum 4 x 3 1
Tunjukkan segitiga minimum 4 x 3
Correct substitution: Penggantian yang betul: 1
1
500 ´10-3 1
10.0 ´10-3 1
Correct answer: Jawapan betul: 1
5 12
(i) Correct calculation: Pengiraan yang betul:
= (5 + 1) (25 x10-3) 1
Correct answer: Jawapan betul: 1
1.50 x 10-1 A 1
(ii) Correct calculation: Pengiraan yang betul: 1
= 5(25.0 x 10-3 / 1.50 x 10-1) 1
Correct answer: Jawapan betul: 1
0.83A
The eyes should perpendicular to the scale reading of miliammeter. 1
Mata mesti berserenjang dengan skala miliammeter. 1

8. (a) (i) R is directly proportional to L
R berkadar langsung dengan L

(ii) Extrapolate the graph / Ekstrapolasi graf

Show on the graph when / Tunjukkan pada graf apabila R= 2.75 Ω,

L = 75 cm
(iii) Show triangle minimum 4 x 3 / Tunjukkan segitiga minimum 4 x 3

Correct substitution: Penggantian yang betul:
2.5 – 0.0 Ω
70.0 – 0.0 cm

Correct answer: Jawapan betul:
0.0357 Ω cm-1
(b) (i) Use R/L = 0.0357 Ω cm-1

591

= 0.79 (0.046)2 (0.0357) 1
1
= 0.0000597 Ω cm 1
(ii) Decreases 1
12
Berkurang 1
(c) The position of the eye is perpendicular to the scale of metre rule 1
1
Kedudukan mata mesti berserenjang dengan skala pembaris meter 1
1
9. (a) (i) R increases.
R bertambah 1
1
(ii) R = 5 Ω, 1 = 6.6 A-1
I 1
1
I = 1 = 0.15 A
6.6 A-1 1
1
(show in the graph) 1
12
(tunjukkan di graf) 592

(b) (i) Show triangle minimum 4 x 3

Tunjukkan segitiga minimum 4 x 3

Correct substitution: Penggantian yang betul:

m = 13 - (- 5)W

12 A-1

= 1.5AW /1.5V

(ii)

R = E - r
I

R = E( 1 ) - r
I

Y = mX + c

\ E = m = 1.5V

(iii)

R = E( 1 ) - r
I

Y = mX + c

c = -5, c = -r

\r = 5W

(c) The eyes should perpendicular to the scale reading of miliammeter.
Mata mesti berserenjang dengan skala miliammeter.

10 (a) (i) directly proportional 1
berkadar terus
1
(ii) Extrapolation line / Garisan ekstrapolasi 1
Interpolation line / Garisan intrapolasi 1
Ib = 0.20 x 10-6 A 1

(b) (i) Show triangle minimum 4 x 3 1
Tunjukkan segitiga minimum 4 x 3
Correct substitution: Penggantian yang betul: 1
(37.5 - 10.0) x 10-3 A
(0.30 - 0.03) x 10-6 A 1
Correct answer: Jawapan betul: 1
1.02 x 105
1
(ii) Ic/Ib = Gradient of graph / kecerunan graf
= 1.02 x 105 1
1
(c) Correct calculation: Pengiraan yang betul: 12
Ie = Ib + Ic 1
= (0.30 x 10-6) + (37.5 x 10-3)
Correct answer: Jawapan betul: 1
0.0375A 1
1
(d) The eyes should perpendicular to the scale reading of ammeter. 1
Mata mesti berserenjang dengan skala ammeter.
1
11. (a) (i) V decrease
(b) V berkurang 1
(c) 1
(ii) Extrapolation line / Garisan ekstrapolasi
V = 1.0V 1

(iii) E.m.f / D.g.e 593
(i) Show triangle minimum 4 x 3

Tunjukkan segitiga minimum 4 x 3
Correct substitution: Penggantian yang betul:

m = 0.48-1.0
0.77-0

= - 0.675 Ω
(ii) r = 0.675 Ω
(i) Correct calculation: Pengiraan yang betul:

E = V + Ir
1.0= v+0.8(0.675)

v= 0.46 V 1
(ii) Correct calculation: Pengiraan yang betul: 1

R= V 1
I 12

R= 0.48 1
0.8
1
= 0.575Ω 1
1
12. (a) (i) directly proportional 1
1
(b) berkadar terus
(c) 1
(c) Extrapolation line / Garisan ekstrapolasi 1
1
(ii) 1/x = 1/1.25 = 0.8 1
1
Interpolation line / Garisan intrapolasi 1
12
f = 500 Hz

(iii) Show triangle minimum 4 x 3

Tunjukkan segitiga minimum 4 x 3

Correct substitution: Penggantian yang betul:

1000 - 0 * Correct substitution (follow candidate’s triangle)

1.6 – 0
= 625 Hz m// ms-1

Correct calculation: Pengiraan yang betul:

v = fx = k
D D

= 625
1.8

= 347.22 m s-1

v increases

v meningkat

The position of the eye is perpendicular to the scale of metre rule

Kedudukan mata mesti berserenjang dengan skala pembaris meter

594

SKEMA BAHAGIAN B (SOALAN 3 & 4)

EKSPERIMEN : BANDUL RINGKAS

INFERENS : Tempoh ayunan dipengaruhi oleh panjang bandul

HIPOTESIS : Jika panjang bandul bertambah, maka tempoh ayunan bertambah

TUJUAN : Untuk mengkaji hubungan antara tempoh ayunan dan panjang bandul

PEMBOLEHUBAH : Manipulasi : Panjang bandul,
Bergerakbalas : Tempoh ayunan,
Dimalarkan : Sudut ayunan, q // Jisim bola loyang,

RADAS DAN BAHAN : Pembaris meter, jam randik, benang, kaki retort, apit-G, kepingan plywood, bola loyang

PROSEDUR : 1. Sediakan radas seperti rajah
2. Mulakan eksperimen dengan panjang bandul, = 10.0 cm

3. Ukur masa bagi 10 ayunan lengkap, menggunakan jam randik.
$
Kira tempoh ayunan, menggunakan formula = %"

4. Ulang eksperimen dengan panjang bandul, = 20.0 cm, 30.0 cm, 40.0 cm dan 50.0 cm
5. Rekod dan jadualkan data

PENJADUALAN DATA : Panjang bandul, / cm Tempoh ayunan, / s
10.0

20.0
30.0

40.0
50.0

ANALISA DATA :
/ s

/ cm

595

EKSPERIMEN : INERSIA

INFERENS : Inersia dipengaruhi oleh jisim objek

HIPOTESIS : Jika jisim bertambah, maka inersia bertambah

TUJUAN : Untuk mengkaji hubungan antara jisim dan inersia

PEMBOLEHUBAH : Manipulasi : Jisim, m

Bergerakbalas : Tempoh ayunan, T
Dimalarkan : Jarak antara bebola plastisin dan apit-G, // Sudut ayunan, q

RADAS DAN BAHAN : Apit G, plastisin, bilah gergaji, penimbang elektronik, jam randik, pembaris

PROSEDUR : 1. Sediakan radas seperti rajah

2. Mula eksperimen dengan melekatkan bola plastisin berjisim, m = 50 g pada hujung

mata gergaji. Sesarkan bilah gergaji pada sudut, q = 450
3. Ukur masa bagi 10 ayunan lengkap, menggunakan jam randik.
$
Kira tempoh ayunan, T dengan menggunakan formula = %"

(Tempoh ayunan digunakan untuk mewakili inersia)
4. Ulang eksperimen dengan jisim plastisin, m = 60 g, 70 g, 80 g dan 90 g
5. Rekod dan jadualkan data

PENJADUALAN DATA : Jisim plastisin, / g Tempoh ayunan, / s
50

60
70

80
90

ANALISA DATA : / s

/ g

596

EKSPERIMEN : HALAJU VS KETINGGIAN

INFERENS : Halaju dipengaruhi oleh ketinggian

HIPOTESIS : Jika ketinggian bertambah, maka halaju bertambah

TUJUAN : Untuk mengkaji hubungan antara ketinggian dan halaju

PEMBOLEHUBAH : Manipulasi : Ketinggian landasan, ℎ
Bergerakbalas : Halaju,
Dimalarkan : Jisim troli,

RADAS DAN BAHAN : Jangka masa detik, troli, pita detik, pembaris meter, landasan, blok kayu, protractor,
bekalan kuasa, wayar penyambung

PROSEDUR : 1. Sediakan radas seperti rajah
2. Mula eksperimen dengan menetapkan ketinggian landasan, ℎ = 20.0 cm
Hidupkan suis bekalan kuasa dan suis jangka masa detik. Lepaskan troli menuruni

landasan.
3. Ukur halaju dengan menganalisa pitak detik dan menggunakan formula berikut:

10 =
10 0.2

4. Ulang eksperimen dengan ketinggian landasan, ℎ = 30.0 cm, 40.0 cm, 50.0 cm dan

5. 60.0 cm
Rekod dan jadualkan data

PENJADUALAN DATA : Ketinggian landasan, ℎ / cm Halaju, / cms-1
20.0

30.0
40.0

50.0
60.0

ANALISA DATA :
/ cms-1

ℎ / cm

597

EKSPERIMEN : F = ma

INFERENS : Pecutan dipengaruhi oleh daya

HIPOTESIS : Jika daya bertambah, maka pecutan bertambah

TUJUAN : Untuk mengkaji hubungan antara daya dan pecutan

PEMBOLEHUBAH : Manipulasi : Daya, F
Bergerakbalas : Pecutan, a
Dimalarkan : Jisim troli, m

RADAS DAN BAHAN : Jangka masa detik, troli, pita detik, pembaris meter, gelang getah, landasan, dua kaki
retort dan bekalan kuasa

Pita detik Jangka Troli
masa detik

Bekalan kuasa Gelang getah
supply Landasan terpempas geseran

PROSEDUR : 1. Sediakan radas seperti rajah

2. Hidupkan suis bekalan kuasa dan suis jangka masa detik. Tarik troli berjisim 1.0 kg
menuruni landasan dengan satu gelang getah
(1 gelang getah = 1 unit daya, 1N)
'/&
3. Kira pecutan dengan menganalisis pita detik menggunakan formula = $

4. Ulang eksperimen dengan bilangan gelang getah = 2, 3, 4 dan 5 unit
5. Rekod dan jadualkan data

PENJADUALAN DATA : Bilangan gelang getah/unit Pecutan, a/ cms-2 @ Daya/N Pecutan, a/ cms-2
1 1
2
2 3
3 4
4 5

5 @

ANALISA DATA :
a / cms-2

Bilangan gelang getah

598

EKSPERIMEN : F = ma

INFERENS : Pecutan dipengaruhi oleh jisim

HIPOTESIS : Jika jisim bertambah, maka pecutan berkurang

TUJUAN : Untuk mengkaji hubungan antara jisim dan pecutan

PEMBOLEHUBAH : Manipulasi : Jisim troli,
Bergerakbalas : Pecutan,
Dimalarkan : Daya,

RADAS DAN BAHAN : Jangka masa detik, troli, pita detik, pembaris meter, gelang getah, landasan, dua kaki
retort dan bekalan kuasa

Pita detik Jangka Troli
masa detik

Bekalan kuasa Gelang getah
supply Landasan terpempas geseran

PROSEDUR : 1. Sediakan radas seperti rajah
2. Hidupkan suis bekalan kuasa dan suis jangka masa detik. Tarik troli berjisim 1.0 kg

menuruni landasan dengan satu gelang getah
(1 gelang getah = 1 unit daya, 1N)
'/&
3. Kira pecutan dengan menganalisis pita detik menggunakan formula = $

4. Ulang eksperimen dengan jisim troli, = 2.0 kg, 3.0 kg, 4.0 kg dan 5.0 kg
5. Rekod dan jadualkan data

PENJADUALAN DATA : Jisim troli, / kg Pecutan, / cms-2
1.0

2.0
3.0
4.0

5.0

ANALISA DATA :
a / cms-2

/ kg

599