HASLINDA BINTI ISMAIL
Editor Muhammad Fazli bin Jasli Editor Pengurusan Fara Diba binti Badrul Hisham Penulis Haslinda Binti Ismail Pereka Kulit Buku dan Grafik Suriawati binti Mohd Fadzil Penerbit Bahagian Instruksional dan Pembelajaran Digital Jabatan Pendidikan Politeknik dan Kolej Komuniti Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia Jabatan Pendidikan Politeknik dan Kolej Komuniti Cetakan Pertama 2018 © Hak cipta terpelihara. Tiada mana-mana bahagian daripada buku ini yang boleh disiar-terbitkan semula dalam sebarang bentuk dan dengan apa cara sekalipun, termasuklah elektronik, mekanikal, fotokopi, rakaman dan sebagainya, tanpa mendapat izin bertulis daripada penerbit dan pemilik hak cipta. Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia URUTAN KHAS SPA ISBN 978-967-0823-89-8
This beautiful paradise boasts a multi ethic, cultural and lingual society, a melting pot of diversity within unity. This rich land, with a recorded history of trade stretching back 2 millennia was known to early traders, explorers and scholars as ‘Suvarnabhumi’ in Sanskrit or Aurea Chersonaseus in Latin, both meaning Golden Land. Malaysia’s amalgamated culture stems from its more than 60 indigenous group. The Malays, Chinese, Indians, Arabs, Portugese, Dutch and British. Common to all people of Malaysia is their deep cultural ties to the healing traditions of their ancestors which have been practiced and enriched for generations. Today Malaysian Malay, Chinese, Indian and Indigenous healing traditions overlaps each other in terms of method and general use of plants & medicine. Urutan Malaysia, assimilates all the cultures in Malaysia and truly portrays the essence and soul of the “Malaysia Truly Asia spirit”. Malaysia 2
INTRODUCTION OF MALAYSIA 2 CHINESE HERBAL SOAK & QI GONG BREATHING 4-7 INDIAN HEAD MASSAGE & MARMA POINTS 8-12 MERIDIAN SYSTEM & REFLEXOLOGY 13-15 MALAY MASSAGE & PRIBUMI MASSAGE 16-18 MALAYSIAN HERBAL OIL & HERBAL FOOT SOAK 19-24 MALAYSIAN MASSAGE 25-54 REFFERENCE 55 Contents 3
Chinese Herbal Soak & Qi Gong Breathing 4
CHINESE HERBAL SOAK Traditional Chinese Medicine believes soaking the feet everyday promotes health and longevity, in herbal foot baths, the skin absorbs elements and these travel through energy channels to target point. The foot soak prevents what Chinese medicine calls ‘Cold Wind’ from penetrating more deeply into the body, increases blood flow and relieves. QI GONG BREATHING Based on Chinese breathing method that focus on returning the way we breathe to what is in harmony with nature. These methods focus on creating a circular breath that starts from the belly and is relaxed. • Breathe in by protruding the belly • Breathe smoothly and deeply • Exhale fully while drawing belly towards the spine • Never hold the breath 5 Figure 1 : Chinese Herbal Soak Source : From Internet Figure 2 : Chinese Breathing Method Source : From Internet
Defination Qi Gong (pronounced as Chi Kung) Power ful type of health exercise Practiced for centuries Based on repetitions of very precise sets of movements Specifically designed to benefit health on many different levels Figure 3 : Symbol Of Qi Gong Source : From Internet 6
Implementation of Qi Gong • Simply place the right palm on the forehead of the recipient and the left hand on the nape of the neck. • Coach recipient the abdominal & thoracic (Qi Gong) breathing technique. QI GONG BREATH Figure 4 : Table About The Benefit Of Qigong Source : From Internet Figure 5 : Picture of Qi Gong Breath Source : From Internet 7
Indian Head Massage & Marma Points 8
INDIAN HEAD MASSAGE The art of Indian Head Massage ‘Talei Piditel’ is an Ayurvedic form of healing and relaxation that’s widely used to combat daily tension and stress. The technique originated over a thousand years ago in India – stemming from a traditional family Grooming practice during which Indian mothers massaged their daughters’ hair with oils. The Indian Head Massage modality uses a variety of reflexology like pressures and techniques; oils may be used to nourish the hair and by extension, calm the nervous system. The therapy strives to restore balance and harmony by working on the three higher chakras and is definitely one of the most relaxing massage forms you’ll ever experience. MARMA POINTS Marma in Sanskrit means hidden or secret. A marma point is a juncture on the body where 2 or more types of tissues meet. Such as muscles, veins, ligaments, bones and joints. When we touch a marma point, we stimulate the body’s biochemistry to produce what the body needs, including neurochemicals and hormones that heal the body, mind and consciousness. Figure 6 : Indian head Massage Source : From Internet Figure 7 : Marma Points Source : From Internet 9
The Benefit Of Indian Head Massage Massaging the head • Step back behind the recipient & loosen his/her hair if it is restrained • Bring your hands, with fingers spread, to the sideds of the head, fingers pointing up. • Use a light pressure and slowly move the hands up with a shampooing-like motion. • Trying to keep the heel of the hands in contact with the scalp as well as the fingers. • Once you reach the top of the head, allow the fingers to rise off while maintaining a gentle traction from the heels of the hands. • Now lower your hands and move them around to a different area of the head. Repeat four or five times, covering the entire scalp. Figure 8 : Table The Benefits Of Indian Massage Source : From Internet Figure 9 : The Head Massage Points Source : From Internet 10
Rub The Scalp • Bring one hand to the volunteer’s forehead for stability as you place the heel of the other hand in contact with back of the head. • Begin rubbing the scalp by moving your rear hand vigorously back and forth. • Continue rubbing as much of the scalp as you can reach, and then switch hands and repeat on the other side. Fingers In The Scalp • Briskly rub the scalp all over with ust the finger tips of both hands. Continue this for about a minute. • Stroke your fingers through your recipient’s hair from the top of the forehead back. • Let the final strokes draw their head back slightly and then lay the fingers over the forehead and draw the fingers down and along the brow line to each temple, making small circles over the temples. • Repeat this process three times. • With smooth strokes beginning at the forehead, slowly work your way to the back of the head. • Do this for about a minute, allowing the pressure to become lighter towards the eand, until finally your hands float off the head. Figure 10 : Rub The Scalp Source : From Internet Figure 11 : Fingers In The Scalp Source : From Internet 11
Finish Up • Stroke your fingers through your recipient’s hair from the top of the forehead back. • Let the final strokes draw their head back slightly and then lay the fingers over the forehead and draw the fingers down and along the brow line to each temple, making small circles over the temples. • Repeat this process three times. 12
Meridian System & Reflexology 13
MERIDIAN SYSTEM The meridian system also called channels network is a TCM belief about a path through which the life-energy known as ‘qi’ (pronounce as ‘chi’) flows. Qi is composed of two kinds of forces ‘’Yin & Yang”. A person remains in good health if there is harmony and balance between these two forces. When a body’s life-force energy is blocked, it will result in various imbalances. REFLEXOLOGY A natural healing art based on the principle that there are reflexes in the feet, hands and ears which corresponds to every part, gland an organ in the body. Through application of pressure, reflexology relieves tension, improves circulation and helps promote the natural function of the related areas of the body. Figure 12 : Picture Of Meridian System Source : From Internet 14
Figure 13 : Map Of Foot, Ears And Hand Source : From Internet 15
Malay Massage & Pribumi Massage 16
MALAY MASSAGE A deep tissue massage that focuses on the ‘URAT’ which is the network of blood and lymph. Its aim is to clear blockages in the urat caused by ‘angin’ (wind), thus stimulating the lymphatic and blood flow in the body. Malay massage mainly consists of long kneading strokes using palmar or thumb pressure sliding continuously in one direction. We start each area with strokes to the heart to ‘buka urat’ or invigorate. This will increase blood flow in that direction and aid the dispersal of waste products. Stokes away from the heart are used at the end to ‘ tutup urat’ with the purpose of calming. Stretching is included to promote mobility and agility Figure 14 : Stretching In Malay Massage Source : From Internet 17
URUTAN PRIBUMI Drawing inspiration from the culturally rich and diverse ethnic groups that reside in the peninsula and the isle of Borneo, a compilation of age old healing traditions from multiple tribes. Traditionally used to restore mobility and flexibility for paddy planters, farmers, seafarers and warriors, great emphasis is place on the manipulation of the superficial and deep layers of muscles and fascia of the spine and gluteal muscles. 18
Malaysian Herbal Oil & Herbal Foot Soak 19
MALAYSIAN HERBAL OIL The traditional knowledge of health and beauty within such a multi-racial community has been practiced and enriched for generations. Though the Chinese and Indians brought with them their traditional healing cultures, through the years and various waves of migration, they began to experiment and adapt with local plants, herbs and spices. Added to the fact that the Malay Peninsula has long been an important factor in the spice trade and home to the world’s oldest and most biological diverse tropical rainforest, use of herbs, spices, leaves, flowers, roots in various healing traditions have been adopted, adapted and overlap each other. Malaysian herbal oil is traditionally infused with common herbs and spices used in the many Cultures in Malaysia – a combination of sireh, pandan, serai wangi, kunyit, halia, lengkuas, kayu manis, cengkih and buah pala. A therapeutic oil, its benefits mirror the multi facets of the Malaysian community. Figure 15 : Picture Of Ingredients In Malaysia Herbal Oil Source : From Internet 20
HERBAL FOOT SOAK Traditional Chinese Medicine believes soaking the feet everyday promotes health absnd longevity, in herbal foot baths, the skin absorbs elements and these travel through energy channels to target point. The foot soak prevents what Chinese medicine calls ‘Cold Wind’ from penetrating more deeply into the body, increases blood flow and relieves. Benefits : Nice way to relax Soothes our muscles Hydrates our skin Relieve aches & pains Help reduce swelling Prevents bacteria Figure 16 : Herbal Foot Soak Source : From Internet 21
PREPARATION • Foot soak bowl • Warm water for foot soak Flowers Herbs Spices Lime Figure 17 : Example Of Foot Soak Bowl Source : From Internet Figure 18 : Warm Water Source : From Internet Figure 19 : Foot Soak Source : From Internet 22
• Essential Oil • Rock salt • Hand towels Figure 20 : Lemongrass Oil Source : From Internet Figure 21 : Salt Source : From Internet Figure 22 : Hand Towel For Massage Source : From Internet 23
• Chair Figure 23 : Chairs For Doing Foot Soak Source : From Internet 24
Malaysian Massage 25
MALAYSIAN MASSAGE STEPS 1. Opening ritual 1.1 Ensure the guest is sitting comfortably in an upright position and place the feet into the foot bowl (foot soak) 1.2 Place your hands lightly on the guest shoulders as your initial con tact, then resting your hand upon your guest head. One hand holding the forehead and the other on occipital base, ask him/she to take three (3x)deep breaths in order to prepare for the treatment. Figure 1 1.3 Place one hand over the forehead and the hand across the cape of the neck, position one finger on occipital point and an other finger on third eye. Gently stretch down guest head forwards, backwards and return to center with 3 counts. Repeat 3x. Figure 2 Figure 1 Figure 2 26
1.4 Figure 3 scalp massage – gently finger circle (shampooing movements) from front to the back, starting crown the both right & left. Repeat 3x. 1.5 Figure 3 gently finger circle (shampooing movements) from centre to sides on the crown – center to sides on middle chakra – sides to center on occipital line then drain out. Repeat 3x 1.6 Apply medium pressure, finger frictions. Side to side movements from the front hairline, working back around to the ear to the nape of the neck. Repeat 3x. Figure 4 Therapist resting one arm on guest left shouder : 1.7 With ring finger pressing on temple, using hand stretch the guest head to left, 1.8 Finger friction from side of scalp to the back, 3 sections, repeat 3x. Figure 5 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 27
1.9 Palm friction from side of scalp to the back, 3 sections, repeat 3x. Figure 6 1.10 Repeat 1.8 & 1.9 the other side. 1.11 Raking the scalp. Use both hands in alternating movements; ‘rake’ the fingers through the hair, bringing the hair back into same kind of order. Therapist move to sit in front of guest, on a kneepad. 1.12 Cleanse the guest’s feet one by one inside the bowl. Then remove right foot from the water and cover with foot towel. 1.13 Gently pull each of toes, from big to small. 1.14 Repeat 1.11 & 1.12 on left foot Push aside the foot bowl. 2. Massage routine for Body Warm Up 2.1 Ask the guest to lie face up on massage bed 2.2 Place the head rest under guest head. And cover guest’s eyes with eye pillow. And bolster under the knee. Figure 7 Figure 7 Figure 6 28
2.3 Uncover half of guest body on right side. Figure 8 Figure 8 2.4 Take the oil, therapist using both hands spreads the oil using effleurage from foot – shin- thigh – abdomen – chest, slide around breast area – upper arm – lower arm – hand – return same path to the foot, 1x. immediately cover guest’s right side of body, repeat the same on left. 3. Massage routine for Front Leg 3.1 From both ankles, alternating palm press up the shin 3 sections and hold below patella with 3 counts. Continue up the thigh 3 sections and hold at sides of groins with 3 counts, then alternate right & left 3 sets. Alternating palm press down. Figure 9 Figure 9 Figure 10 3.2 Repeat with squeezing strokes from both ankle up the thigh to groins, then move down. Figure 10. 29
3.3 Uncover both feet and do the stretching : Hold ball of foot. Stretch up and down 3x. Figure 11. Figure 11 3.4 Hold the inner side of feet. Stretch outward while moving up from heels to big toes 3x. Figure 12. 3.5 Overlap the left foot on top of right foot, stretch down 1x. Repeat by changing right foot on top of left foot, stretch down 1x. Figure 13. 3.6 Cover left foot with sarong, and continue with right foot. Figure 12 Figure 13 30
Foot Massage : 3.7 Thumb friction up between metatarsals to the each toe. Repeat 3x. figure 14 Figure 14 Figure 15 3.8 Knead each phalange, concentrating on the nail plat and matrix area. Gently rotate and tug the eacx each, toe. Repeat 3x. figure 15. 3.9 Frictions 3x each, referring to Figure 16 : Both thumbs petrissage on ball of foot (1) Thumb drain up to solar plexus point (2) Thumb drain up from gall bladder point to solar plexus point (3) Palm drain down along medials foot (4) Palm drain down along lateral foot (5) Figure 16 31
3.10 Simultaneously, both thumbs slide upwards on marmar ankle. Repeat 3x Figure 17 Figure 17 Figure 18 3.11 Both hands do knuckling on ankle (inner & outer sides) . Repeat 7x. Figure 18 3.12 Close with effleurage out through the toes. 3.13 Effleurage strokes lower leg from ankle to base of patella, 7 counts covering inner to outer side, divide and drain to back of the knee into popliteal space, 3 sets. Figure 19. Figure 19 3.14 Thumb circling on outer side of shin, 3 sections up, 3 sets. Finish at patella. 32
3.15 Apply slight pressure, effleurage around patella with fingers. Figure 20. Figure 20 3.16 Thumb circling around the patella 3x. figure 21 Figure 21 3.17 Finger circling under the patella 7x. 3.18 Continue uncover the thigh, start the massage: effleurage palms slides with slight pressure the top of the thigh and then bring back down the side of the thigh and then bring back down the side of the thigh to the kneewith your thumb along the top of the muscle. Repeat 7x. Figure 22 3.19 Palm petrissage up the thigh, 3 sets. Figure 22. 3.20 Alternating hand friction along the thigh , 7 counts covering inner to outer side. Repeat 3 sets. 33
3.21 Using lower arm circling inner side of thigh 3 points, repeat outer thigh 3points. Moving up from knee and down. Figure 23. Figure 23 3.22 Cover right leg with sarong and repeat step on the left leg. 4. Massage routine for Front Arm 4.1 Apply the oil with full effleurage strokes starting from the wrist to the shoulder. Repeat 3x. 4.2 With both hands on inner elbow, one hand slide up to the shoulder and the other hand down to guest’s palm, slide back to inner elbow 3x. the last stretch, move down to the wrist. Figure 24. Figure 25 Figure 24 34
4.3 Lift up guest’s hand and start with massage on top of hand : thumb slides between metacarpal bones moving down the fingers, 3x each from pinkie to thumb. Figure 25. 4.4 Thumb circle on phalanges moving to tips, repeat with drainage on each fingers, from thumb to pinkie. Figure 26 4.5 Bend at the elbow, and lift up hand and turn up the palm. Thumb press on palm on 6 marma points as shown in diagram. Figure 26. Figure 27 4.6 Thumb friction from base of palm towards the tips, starting from pinkie to thumb. 1x each. Figure 27. 4.7 Both thumbs circle outwards on palm 3 sections, 3x. 35
4.8 Hold guest’s hand like handshake and the other hand hold at the guest’s wrist. Do rotations clockwise then anti-clockwise 3x. Figure 28. 4.9 Strech up and down 3 sets. Then pull out through fingers. Figure 28 & 29 4.10 Lace one thumb through guest’s thumb and index, and second thumb through guest’s pinkie and ring finger. Shake guest hand . repeat 7x. figure 29 4.11 Lower a little guest hand. Both thumbs circle on wrist bones, outer and inner. Repeat 3x. continue massage on arm : 4.12 Alternating hand friction along the lower arm. Covering inner side to outer side. Repeat 7x, 3 sets. 4.13 Thumb circle on 3 meridians outer-center – inner, 3 points, 3 sets each. Stop at the elbow. Figure 30 4.14 One thumb circle around elbow. Repeat 7x. figure 30. 36
4.15 Alternating thumbs circle on inner elbow. Repeat 7x. figure 31. Figure 31 4.16 Bending guest elbow to lift up and cross the arm, placing the hand on opposite shoulder. Palm friction up and down on outer sideof arm with gentle pull at the shoulder. Repeat 7x. Figure 32. Figure 32 4.17 Straighten down guest’s hand on massage bed. Close with effleurage long the arm 1x cover right hand with sarong, and repeat step on left hand. 37
5. Massage routine for chest 5.1 Therapist position at the head of guest. Uncover guest’s chest . 5.2 For WOMEN , breast and chest massage : 5.3 Effluerage from chest – go between the breasts (1) and around it (2)- move to shoulders (3) and around it (4)- up behind of neck (5)- back to front though jaw line (6). Repeat 3 times. Figure 33. Figure 33 Figure 34 5.4 With overlapping hand, slide around both breasts in figure ‘8’ move ment while pulling up at the sider, 3 round. Figure 34. 5.5 Finger circle below the breasts, along diaphragm line from inner to the side 3x. Figure 35. Figure 35 Figure 36 5.6 Figure 36 Alternating hand pull up on outer side of breast 7x, repeat other side (1). 5.7 Figure 36 Simultaneously, gently thumbs friction across top of breast line 3x. Cover the breasts (2). 5.8 Figure 36 Slide behind of shoulders. Alternating hand slide up sides of trapezius till occipital point 7x and hold it for 5 counts (3). 5.9 Four fingers circle in, 7x on the trapezius, 3 set. 38
5.10 Finish with effluerage across the chest by pressing axillary nodes 5 counts – around the shoulders – up behind of neck – finger pressing at occipital lines, 1x. Cover the chest. 6. Massage routine for abdomen 6.1 Therapist position at the right side of guest’s abdomen. For women, place a draping to cover breast and chest. Then uncover guest’s ab domen till the hips. 6.2 Abdomen massage : Place overlapping hand just below sternum 3 counts. Then gently vibrate down focusing on forefingers 3x. Figure 37. Figure 37 Figure 38 6.3 Alternating hand friction from bottom sternum – down to never 7x. Figure 38. 39
6.4 Lightly circle clockwise on abdominal area, start with big – medium – small circle around naver, 3 sets. Figure 39. Figure 39 6.5 Effleurage from bottom sternum – cross rib line – go underneath stom ach – and lift up the abdomen, 3x. Figure 40 Figure 41 6.6 Alternating hand drainage at the left side of abdomen in ‘diamond’ shape 7x. Repeat right. Figure 40. 6.7 Overlapping forefinger, small circle around intestine area clockwise, 1 round. Figure 41. 40
6.8 Again overlapping hands, slide along intestine tract starting from right side and finish at the end of it, 3x. 6.9 Thumb slide up from top of tundun (point below the womb) to navel and finger slide up in lotus shape to sternum. Down with reverse movement. 1x. Figure 42. Figure 42 Upward Figure 42 Downward 6.10 Lightly circle clockwise on abdominal area 3x, finish with overlapping hands with palm on top of navel. Gently lift up the hands 1 inch above, then release. 7. Massage routine for Back Legs 7.1 Gently remove the eye pillow and softly inform the guest to turn face down. 7.2 Lift up the sarong to become a screen between guest and therapist. 7.3 Replace the head rest with draping to cover face cradle area. Move down the bolster to below feet. 7.4 Therapist position at the bottom of guest’s feet. 7.5 From both ankles, alternating palm press up the calf 3 sections – continue up the thigh 3 sections. Hold below the buttock 3 counts, then alternating palm press. Repeat 7 times. Continue down to ankle. Figure 43. 41
7.6 Repeat step 7.5 with squeezing strokes. Figure 44. 7.7 Uncover both feet : 7.8 Alternating thumbs pressure on sole of feet starting at solar plexus point – middle – heel. Going up – down – up, finish at the heel. 7.9 Holding both heels and stretch outwards, alternately rock gently be tween right and left. Repeat 7 times. Figure 45. Figure 45 Figure 43 Figure 44 42
Calf massage : 7.10 Alternating hand friction along the calf area. Covering inner side to outer side 7x, 3 sets. Last friction, using forefinger press center on the calf and friction down. Figure 46 Figure 46 Figure 47 7.11 Thumb & palm circling both sidesof calf, 3 sections up, 3 sets. Finish behindof knee. Figure 47 7.12 Alternating thumb circle behind the knee 7x, followed with forefinger circling 7x. 7.13 Effleurage along thigh 3x. 7.14 Palm circling both sidesof thigh, 3 sections up, 3 sets. Finish below buttock. Figure 48 Figure 48 Figure 49 43
7.15 Alternating hand friction along back of thigh covering inner to outer side and around the gluteus area 7x, 3 sets. 7.16 Alternating palm friction up gluteus area. Return 3x. Figure 49 7.17 Using heel of palm, press and hold 3 counts on marma point. 7.18 Hand slide around the gluteus area – down the leg – finish at toes. 7.19 Cover whole right leg. Repeat step 7.10 till 7.18 on left leg. Figure 50 Figure 51 7.20 Uncover both calves. Continue with stretching : 7.21 From right calf, therapist place hand behind knee. Bend guest right calf and stretch the same side of buttock. Hold 3 counts. Figure 50. Stretch to opposite side of buttock. Hold 3 counts. Figure 51. Repeat both steps above with left calf. 7.22 Cross the two calves over each other and stretch to buttock, holds 3 count. Change the crossing and stretch, hold 3 counts. Figure 52. Figure 52 44
Figure 53 7.23 Palm press on the sole of the feet and stretch down and hold 5 counts. Figure 53 7.24 Place it down onto bed, cover both. 8. Upper Body ( Back) 8.1 Therapist position above of the guest, Starting from gluteus area, both palm press and circle on 3 marma points. 8.2 Continue alternating palm press left and right sides of the body, up to shoulders and back down to waistline, 1x 8.3 Uncover guest’s upper back till waist. Apply oil with effleurage the whole upper back, 3x. 8.4 Both thumbs slide up along spinal bone till shoulders, 3x. 8.5 On right side of the spine, both thumbs press up 5 points till shoulder and back down 1x, repeat the same on left side. Figure 54 Figure 54 Figure 55 45
8.6 Again on right side of the spine, both thumbs manipulation up 5 points till shoulder and back down 1x, repeat the same on left side. 8.7 Both thumbs friction up along spinal bone, 4 sections up, 5x each section. Down to the hip. Figure 55 8.8 Using lower arm, do friction on lumbar area 7x. Figure 56 Figure 56 Figure 57 8.9 Moving to the sides of the upperback : Both hands drainage up on left side, 3x. Figure 57 Figure 58 Thumb Friction Figure 58 Fanning down 8.10 Figure 58 Slide up to the shoulder – down to guest’s hand, bend at the elbow and place the guest’s hand on his lumbar. 8.11 Figure 58 Alternating thumbs frictionup along scapula bone and fanning down, 3x. 46
8.12 Place down the guest’s hand onto bed. Therapist move to the opposites side of guest’s body. 8.13 With overlapping hands, circling up the left side of the body and slide down to the hip, 3x. figure 59 Figure 59 8.14 Repeat 8.9 to 8.13 on the right side. Therapist move to the top of guest’s head. 8.15 Effleurage down to the hips and up to shoulders, 3x. Figure 60 8.16 Simultaneously both thumbs friction around scapula bone, 3x. figure 60 47
8.17 Simultaneously both sides forefingers circle around scapula bone, 3x. Figure 61 8.18 Finger kneading on scapula 7x right, 7x left. Figure 62 Figure 61 Figure 62 8.19 Simultaneously finger fanning on scapula 3x. figure 63 Figure 63 8.20 Alternating thumbs friction out on trapezius 7x. Figure 64 Figure 64 48