parisarapadanam 2

JT 529-1/EVS - 4 (M) Vol.2 ]cnk- c- ]- T- \w

`mKw 2

Ãm≥tU¿Uv IV

tIc-f-k¿°m¿

hnZym-`ym-k-h-Ip∏v

Xbm-dm-°n-bXv

kwÿm\ hnZym`- ymk Kthj- W ]cni- oe- \ kanXn (SCERT), tIcfw

2015

tZio-b-Km\w

P\K- W- a- \- - A- [- n\- mb- I Pbtl
`mc-X -`m-Ky-hn-[mXm,

]©m_- k- n‘p KpPd- mØ admTm
{ZmhnU DXv°e- - _wK- m,

hn‘y-ln-am-N-e -b-ap\mKwKm,
D—e Pe[- nXc- wKm,
Xhi- p`- \- mta PmtK,

Xhi- p` Binj- a- mt- K,
Kmtl Xh- Pb- - KmYm
P\-K-W-aw-K-e-Zm-bI Pbtl
`mc-X- `m-Ky-hn-[mXm
Pbt- l, Pbt- l, Pbt- l,
Pb Pb Pb Pbtl!

{]Xn⁄

C¥y Fs‚ cmPy-am-Wv. F√m C¥y-°mcpw Fs‚
ktlm-Z-co- ktlmZc-∑m-cm-Wv.
Rm≥ Fs‚ cmPysØ kvt\ln-°p∂p;
kºq¿Whpw sshhn[y-]q¿W-hp-amb AXns‚ ]mc-
º-cy-Øn¬ Rm≥ A`n-am\w sIm≈p∂p.
Rm≥ Fs‚ amXm-]n-Xm-°-sfbpw Kpcp-°-∑m-scbpw
apXn¿∂-hscbpw _lp-am-\n-°pw.
Rm≥ Fs‚ cmPy-Øn-s‚bpw Fs‚ \m´p-Im-cp-sSbpw
t£a-Øn\pw sFiz-cy-Øn-\pw- th≠n {]bXv\n°pw.

State Council of Educational Research and Training (SCERT)
Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, Kerala

Website : www.scertkerala.gov.in, e-mail : [email protected]
Phone : 0471 - 2341883, Fax : 0471 - 2341869
Typesetting and Layout : SCERT
Printed at : KBPS, Kakkanad, Kochi-30
© Department of Education, Government of Kerala

{]nbs∏´ Ip´nItf,
\aps°mcp bm{Xb- mh- mw.....
hgnt- bmc- ß- f- n¬ \ndsb sNSnI- ƒ, InfnI- ƒ.
IY]- d- b- p∂ I√pw aÆpw
agh- n√v hcb- v°p∂ BImi- hpw
\nd\- ne- mh- ns‚ Im¥nb- pw
Fs¥√- ma- mWv \ap°- p Np‰pw!
{]IrXn hnkvab- ß- f- psS alm]- pk- vXI- a- mW- v.
Ahb- n¬ \n∂v Adnh- ns‚ tX≥ \pW™v ckn°- m≥
\n߃°v Iq´mb- n...
Cu ]pkvXI- a- p≠- v.
ssI]nSn®v IqsS hcq.
kvt\ltØmsS,

tUm.F-kv. cho-{μ≥ \mb¿
Ub-d-IvS¿

Fkv.-kn.-C.-B¿.Sn.

]mT]- pk- vXI cN\

inev]-im-e-bn¬ ]s¶-Sp-Ø-h¿

hn-izw-`-c≥.- sI.-B¿ Cuk.-hn.-sI.
F.Fw.F- ¬.]- n.F- k- v. ho´n°- mS- v,
ko\nb- ¿ eIvNd- ¿, Ub‰- v, Be∏- pg ]md¬, s]cn¥- ¬aÆ
cmtPjv Ipam¿.Sn
Pn.bp.]- n.k- vIqƒ sX°n¬ shÃv Fw.k-t¥m-jvIp-am¿
Imk-d-tKmUv _n.B¿.k- n. AKf- n, ]me°- mSv
iin-Ip-am¿.-]n.hn {ioPnXv AtimIv
F.F¬.]- n.k- vIqƒ, amØq¿ shÃv Kh:F¬.]- n.P- n.k- vIqƒ, F≥.]- d- h- q¿
(_w•mhv kvIqƒ), ]me°- mSv Fd-Wm-Ipfw
APnXv{]kmZv F≥.-B¿.
lnμp F¬.]n kvIqƒ, ap√t»cn, Xr»q¿ tdmPkv am¿´n≥
Plmw-Ko¿ I_o¿ Sn.]n. Pn.F®- v.F- k- v.F- k- v. hmfm´- v, hb\- mSv
^mdqJv tImtfPv F¬.]- n.F- k- v. kPohv Ipam¿.-]n.-B¿
tImgn-t°mSv Kh: Sn.Sn. sF. sIm√w
_nPp.-amXyp
Pn.F®- v.F- k- v.F- k- v. ISpß- ]- pcw, ae∏- pdw F®v.-F.-keow
Pn.bp.]- n.F- k- v., Ipac- ©nd,
imkvXmw-tIm´

hnZ-Kv[¿

tUm. Sn. \o-e-I-WvT≥ tUm.hn-P-b≥ NmtemSv
{]n≥kn-∏mƒ Un.]n.H, Fkv.F- k- v.F, IÆq¿
Fw.Fw.F- k- v. Kh. B¿Svkv &
kb≥kv tImtfPv, aeb- n≥Iogv kn\n-X.-Pn.-F-kv.
Akn. s{]m^. bqWnt- hg- vkn‰n
hn.-F-kv.-A-\n¬Ip-am¿ tImtfPv, Xncph- \- ¥- ]- pcw
Akn. s{]m^k- ¿, Kh: tImtfP- v,
tIm´bw tUm. AK-Ãn≥ tPm¿Pv
Akn.- s{]m^k- ¿
tUm. kmK¿.-F-kv. (^nkn.- FUypt- °j- ≥),
Akn. s- {]m^- k- ¿, Kh: hna≥kv Kh: saUn°- ¬ tImtfPv, tIm´bw
tImtfPv, Xncph- \- ¥- ]- pcw

Nn{X-Imc-∑m¿

{io.F≥.-Sn. cmPo-h≥, Pn.F-®v.-F-kv., Xcn-tbm-Sv, hb-\mSv
{io. kt¥mjv shfn-b-∂q¿

A°m-Z-anIv tImUnt\‰¿
tUm. Nn{Xm hnP-b≥
dnk¿®v Hm^o-k¿, Fkv.-kn.C.-B¿.Sn.

kwÿm\ hnZym-`ymk Kth-jW ]cn-io-e\ kanXn (SCERT)

hnZym-`h≥, ]qP-∏p-c, Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw 695 012

D≈-S°w

I√mb- v... Im‰mbv ......... 71

hmbn°mw hcbv°mw ..... 85
C¥y-bn-eqsS ................ 97

IsÆØm ZqcØv
ssIsbØ- m Z- qc- Øv .....107
Iq´p-Im¿s°mcp
Icp-X¬....................117
\mSns\ Adnb- m≥ ........128

Cu ]pkvXIØn¬ kuIcyØn\mbn
Nne ap{ZIƒ D]tbmKn®ncn°p∂p.

A[nIhmb\bv°v
(hnebncpØen\v hnt[bamt°≠Xn√)
{][m\ ]T\t\´ßfn¬ s]Sp∂- h

hnebncpØmw
XpS¿{]h¿Ø\߃

Aaepw Iq´p-Imcpw kvIqfnse ]qt¥m´w \\-bv°p-I-bm-Wv. I√ -mbv... Im‰mbv...
_°-‰n¬ \nd-®p-h® sh≈-Øn-te°v Aa¬ henb I∏v XmgvØn-.
At∏mƒ sh≈w Ihn-s™m-gp-In.
t{ib : F¥m-WnXv? Hcp Xp≈n sh≈w t]mepw ]mgm-°-cp-

sX∂dn-bnt√?
Aa¬ : Rm≥ If-™-X-√, I∏v XmgvØn-b-t∏mƒ sh≈w

Ihn-s™m-gp-In-b-Xm.
t{ib : AXp-icn, F¥m-Wn-ßs\ sh≈w Ihn-s™m-gp-Im≥

ImcWw? AsXm∂p ]co-£n®p t\m°n-bmtem?
Aaepw kp_n\pw t{ibbpw B ]co-£-W-Øn-\p Xbm-sd-
Sp°pIbmWv. AhnsS sh≈w \nd®ph® _°-‰n-\-SpØpXs∂
CjvSnI, I√v, ac°- ´- , CcpºpIjWw F∂nh IcpX- nb- n´- p≠- v. At∏m-
gmWv en\ Ahn-tS°v IS-∂ph-∂-Xv. Ahƒ IuXp-I-tØmsS
tNmZn®p: ""\nß-sf-¥mWv sNøp-∂Xv?''

71

]cn-k-c-]-T\w kp_n≥ : _°-‰n-se sh≈-Ønte°v R߃ Hmtcm km[-\-߃
C´p-t\m-°p-I-bm-Wv. \ndsb sh≈-ap≈ ]m{X-Øn-te°v
GXp hkvXp CSp-tºmgpw sh≈w ]pd-tØ°v Hgp-Ip∂p.

Aa¬ : ChnsS h®n-cn-°p-∂hbn¬ GXp hkvXp _°-‰n-en-Sp-
tºmgmWv IqSp-X¬ sh≈w Ihn-s™m-gp-Ip-∂Xv?
en\bv°v ]d-bmtam?

\n߃°pw Duln-°mtam?
Cu ]co£Ww sNbvXp t\m°q. Is≠Ø-ep-Iƒ Fgp-Xq.
Hmtcm hkvXp-hn\pw ÿnXnsNøm≥ ÿew Bh-iyamWv.
IqSp-X¬ hep∏ap≈ hkvXp-°ƒt°m?

BIrXn D≈h- bpw C√mØ- h- bpw

Hcp I∏n¬ sh≈s- aS- p°- q. Ct∏mƒ sh≈Ø- ns‚ BIrX- n- F¥mWv?
Cu sh≈w ]e BIr-Xn-bn-ep≈ ]m{X-ß-fn¬ Hgn®p t\m°q.

sh≈-Øns‚ BIr-Xn-bn¬ F¥v- am-‰-amWv D≠m-bXv?
CXn\v Imc-W-sa-¥m-bn-cn°pw?
sh≈-Øn\v \n›n-X-amb BIr-Xn-bn-√. AXv Dƒs°m-≈p∂
]m{XØns‚ BIr-Xn-bn¬ ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂p.
F∂m¬ It√m?

72

Ip∏n-bn-te°v sh≈w Hgn-°m≥ Ign-bp-at√m?
Ip∏n-bpsS hmb-h-´-sØ-°mƒ hen-b -I√v Ip∏n-°p-≈n¬ CSm≥
Ignbp-tam? F¥p-sIm-≠v?
CXn¬ \n∂v F¥p a\- n-em°mw?
I√n\v BIr-Xnbpw hep-∏-hp-ap-≠v.

`mcw- Af- °mw

\nß-fpsS kvIqƒ _mKns‚ `mcw Xq°n t\m°q.
\n߃ sh≈w sIm≠phcp∂ Ip-∏n-bpsS `mcw AXn¬ sh≈w
\nd-bv°p-∂-Xn-\p- - apºpw \nd-®-Xn\p tijhpw t\m°q.
F¥p- hyXymk-amWv I≠Xv? CXn¬\n∂v F¥p a\- n-em°mw?
F√m hkvXp-°ƒ°pw `mc-ap≠v.
_°-‰v, IpSw F∂nh-bnse sh≈-Øns‚ `mchpw CXp-t]mse
Is≠Øq.

i‡n-am≥

Nn{Xw {i≤n-®t√m.
F¥p-sIm-≠mWv Pe-N{Iw Xncn-bp-∂Xv?

JT 529-2/EVS - 4 (M) Vol.2

I√ -mbv... Im‰mbv...
Hgp-Ip∂ Pe-Øn\v i‡n-bp-≠v.

73

Nn{X-w t\m°q... PesØt∏mse Hgp-Ip∂Xv Bscm-s°-bmWv?
Ahbv°v \ndw sImSp-°q.

\ Uok¬ cn
t] A

shfn-s®Æ Pew ]m¬
]pI
s]t{Smƒ

I√v
asÆÆ

Pehpw Pe-Øns‚ Iq´p-Imcpw {Zmh-I-ß-fm-Wv.
Chsb IqSmsX a‰v {Zmh-I-ßsf Is≠-Øq. {Zmh-I-ß-fpsS
s]mXpkz`m-h-߃ Fgp-Xq.

amdp∂- - Ahÿ

Hcp ]m{X-Øn¬ Ipd®v sh≈-sa-Sp-Øv NqSm-°n- t\m°q. At∏mƒ
AXn¬\n∂p \ocmhn Db- c- p∂Xv ImWma- t√m. Hcp ]c∂ ]m{XØn¬
sh≈w Hgn-®v \ocm-hn°p apI-fn¬ ]nSn-°p-I. ]m{X-Øn-s‚
ASnhiØv F¥mWv ImWp-∂Xv? CXn\p ImcWw F¥mWv?

Cßs\ \ocm-hn- X-WpØv Pe-ambn amdp∂
a‰p kμ¿`߃ \n߃°v Is≠-Ømtam?
\ocmhn XWp-Øm¬ Pe-am-Ip-∂p.

PesØ ho≠pw XWp∏- n®- m¬
F¥p am‰-amWv D≠m-Ip∂Xv?

]cn-k-c-]-T\w 74

\ocmhn

NqSm-°p∂p XWp-∏n-°p∂p

sh≈w sh≈w

NqSm-°p∂p XWp-∏n-°p∂p

sFkv

hmbp-hnepw Pew!

Hcp •mskSp-°q.-A-Xn¬ GXm\pw
sFkv IjW-߃ CSq.

•mkns‚ ]pdw-`mKw \nco-£n-°q.
F¥mWv ImWp∂-Xv?

FhnsS \n∂mWv sh≈-Øp-≈n-Iƒ
h∂Xv? •mkn\p ]pdØv hmbp am{X-
at√ D≈q? At∏mƒ sh≈Ø- p≈- nI- ƒ
Fß-s\-bmbncn°pw D≠mbXv?

Pe_mj]v w XWpØv Pea- mI- p∂- p.

I√ns‚ Iq´p-Im¿

I√n\v BIr-Xnbpw hep-∏hpw `mchpw Ds≠∂v \mw I≠-t√m.

GsX-¶nepw Hcp ]m{X-Øn¬ am{Xta {ZmhIw FSp-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-
bp-≈q. F∂m¬ I√v, ac-°-jWw apX-em-b-h FSp-°p-∂-Xnt\m?

F¥mWv Pehpw I√pw XΩn-ep≈ hyXymkw?

I√v, ac-°jWw XpS-ßn-bh JchkvXp-°-fm-Wv. I√ -mbv... Im‰mbv...

a‰p Jc-h-kvXp-°-fpsS t]sc-gp-Xmtam? Jc-h-kvXp-°-fpsS

s]mXp-kz-`mh߃ Fgp-Xq.

75

{Zmh-I-ß-fn¬\n∂p hyXy-kvX-ambn Fs¥√mw {]tXy-I-X-I-fmWv
Jc-h-kvXp-°ƒ°p-≈-Xv? Ah XΩn¬ Fs¥ms° kmay-ß-fp-≠v?

kmay-hy-Xym-k-߃ FgpXq. {Zmh-I-߃
Jc-h-kvXp-°ƒ
Hgp-Ip∂p-
_______ _______
`mc-ap≠v _______
_______

]cn-k-c-]-T\w hmbphns‚ hntij߃

kp_n≥ C∂v hfsc kt¥mj- Ø- n-
emWv. Ah≥ \n¿an® _eq¨
t_m´v Iq´p-Imsc ImWn-°m≥
ImØn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

sh≈Ø- nt- emS- p∂ _eq¨t_m´.v ..
lmbv! Iq´p-Im¿°v IuXpI-ambn.

Aa¬ : kp_n≥... CXv Fß- s- \-
bmWv D≠m-°n-bXv?

kp_n≥ : tkm∏p-s]-´n-bpsS AS-∏ns‚ Hcp
hiØv Xmsg Hcp Zzmc-an-Sp-I.
kvt{SmbpsS A‰Øv _eq¨
sI´n- hbv°pI. kvt{Sm-bpsS at‰
A‰w tkm∏ps]´n-bpsS ZzmcØ- n-
eqsS ]pd-tØ°p ISØpI.
kvt{Smbn-eqsS DuXn _eq¨
ho¿∏n-°p-I. hmbp ]pd-tØ°p
t]mImØ Xc-Øn¬ hnc-ep-Iƒ
sIm≠v Aa¿Øn-∏n-Sn-°pI-. Hcp
henb ]c∂ ]m{X-Ønse sh≈-
Øn¬ kvt{SmbpsS A‰w apßn-bn-
cn°- p∂ hn[Ø- n¬ _eq¨ t_m´v
h®v ]Xps° ssIhn-Sq...
_eq¨t_m´v IpXn°p∂Xv
I≠nt√!

76

en\ : Rm≥ as‰mcp kq{Xw ImWn-°mw. CXmWv _eq¨
tdm°-‰v. CXp≠m-°p-∂-sX-ß-s\-sb∂v Adntbt≠?

Hcp kvt{SmIjWØneqsS \ofa- p≈ \q¬ IS- Iq´p-Im-tc...
Øp-I. Nn{X-Øn¬ ImWp-∂X-p-t]mse \nßfpw
\qens‚ c≠-‰hpw hen-®p-sI-´p-I. henb Hcp
_eq¨ ho¿∏n®v AXns‚ a[y-`mKw skt√m- _eq¨t_m´pw
tS∏v sIm≠v kvt{Smbn¬ H´n-°p-I. _eq¨ tdm°‰pw
\qens‚ Xmgv∂n-cn-°p∂ A-‰tØ°p sIm≠p-
h∂Xn-\p-tijw ssIhn-´p t\m°q. D≠m°pat√m...?

hmbp ]pd-tØ°p t]mb-t∏mƒ _eq¨ GXp
`mKt- Ø°- mWv ]m™pt- ]mb- X?v F¥psIm≠?v

]- e BIrXn

]e BIr-Xn-bnepw hep-∏-Øn-ep-ap≈ _eq¨ ]mh-Iƒ DuXn-
ho¿∏n®pt\m°q. ]n∂oSv hmbp Xpd∂p hnSq. F¥p- kw`-hn-°p∂p?

F¥p-sIm-≠mWv Cßs\ kw`-hn-°p-∂-Xv?

77 I√ -mbv... Im‰mbv...

]cn-k-c-]-T\w $ ]e BIr-Xn-bn-ep≈ _eq-WpIfn¬ hmbp \nd-®-t∏mƒ
Fs¥ms° am‰-ß-fmWv I≠Xv?

$ hmbp-hn\v \n›nX BIr-Xn-bpt≠m?
\nß-fpsS Is≠-Ø-ep-Iƒ ]cn-kc]pkvX-I-Øn¬ Ipdn-°q.

Hfn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xmcv ?

c≠v •mkpIƒ FSp-°q. Hmtcm-∂n-s‚bpw D≈n¬ ]Ip-Xn-hsc
ISemkv \∂mbn Aa¿Ønhbv°p-I. c≠m-asØ •mkn-\-IØv hf-
bp∂ Hcp kvt{Sm skt√m-tS∏v sIm≠v H´n®phbv°pI. c≠p
•mkpIfpw Hcp _°-‰nse sh≈-Øn¬ ap°n-t\m-°q.
$ c≠m-asØ •mkn¬\n∂p ]pd-Øpt]m-Ip-∂-sX¥mWv?
C\n c≠p •mkn-\-I-sØbpw IS-emkv ]cn-tim-[n-°q...
\n߃ sNbvX ]co-£-W-Øns‚ Ip-dn∏v Xbmdm°q.

78

en\-bpsS ]co-£-W-°pdn∏v
\\-™pw \\-bm-sXbpw

e£yw : hmbph- n\v ÿnXns- Nø- m≥ ÿew Bhiy-
am-tWm-sb∂v Is≠-Øp-∂-Xn\v.

kma-{Kn-Iƒ : sh≈w \nd® _°-‰v, c≠v -•m-kv, hf-
bp∂ kvt{Sm, ISe- mk- v, skt√mt- S∏v

{]h¿Ø-\-{Iaw : ap°m¬`mKw sh≈-ap≈ _°-s‰-SpØp.
c≠v •mkpI- f- n¬ Hmtcm∂- nt- ‚bpw ]Ip-
Xnh- sc ISe- mkv \∂mbn Aa¿Ønh- ®p.
c≠m-asØ •mkn¬ hf-bp∂ Hcp
kvt{SmbpsS \ofw Ipd™- - `mKw AI- Øp
hc-Ø-°-hn[w skt√m-tS-∏v sIm≠v H´n-
®p. c≠p •mkpI- fpw IpØs\ Iag- vØn-
∏nS- n®v _°‰- nse sh≈Ø- n¬ XmgvØn.

\nco-£-W-^ew: •mkp-Iƒ sh≈-Øn¬ XmgvØp-tºmƒ
H∂ma- sØ •mkv IqSpX- ¬ i‡nb- mbn
Aa¿tØ≠- n- h∂p. •mkn\- I- Øv Ipd®p
sh≈w am{Xta Ibd- nb- p≈- q. c≠ma- sØ
•mkns‚ kvt{Smbn¬ IqSn hmbpIpan-f-
Iƒ ]pdt- Ø°p hcp∂- Xv I≠p. At∏mƒ
•mkn\- I- t- Ø°v IqSpX- ¬ sh≈w Ibdn.
H∂ma- sØ •mkn¬\n∂p ISe- mkv ]pd-
sØS- pØ- t- ∏mƒ \\™- n´- n√- . c≠ma- sØ
•mknse ISe- mkv \\™- ncp∂- p.

\nK-a\w :

\nK-a\w tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bt√m? 79 I√ -mbv... Im‰mbv...

]cn-k-c-]-T\w aW-sa-Øp-tºmƒ

ap√∏q hncn-™Xpw sk‚p-Ip∏n Xpd∂Xpsa√mw \Ωƒ AIse
\n∂pXs∂ Adn-bmdp≠t√m?

CsX-ßs\-bmWv? \ap-s°m∂p t\m°n-bmtem.
Nμ-\-Øn-cn-bpsS ]pI Hcp •mkn-te°v tiJ-cn®v Im¿Uvt_m¿Up-
sIm≠v AS-®p-h-bv°q.
Im¿Uvt_m¿Uv Db¿Øp-tºmƒ ]pI apI-fn-te°v hcp∂nt√?
Nμ-\-Øn-cn-bpsS kpK‘w \n߃°v A\p`hs∏t´m?
Nμ-\-Øn-cn-bpsS aWw Ie¿∂ hmbp hym]n-°p-∂XpsIm-≠t√
\ΩpsS aq°n-se-Øn-b-Xv.

F\n°pw `mc-ap-t≠...

\of-ap≈, hÆw Ipd™ Hcp hSn-bpsS Hc‰Øv henb _eqWpw
at‰ A‰Øv ISe- mkv I∏pw \qen¬ sI´nØ- q°- pI- . hSnb- psS a≤yØv
Hcp \qev sI´n {Xm p-t]mse Xq°nbnSpI.

80

IS-emkpI∏n¬ ]b¿a-Wn-I-fn´v `mcw Xpey-am°q.
C\n _eq¨ DuXn-ho¿∏n-°q. Ct∏mƒ {Xmkn\v F¥p kw`-hn-
°p∂p? F¥m-WnXn\p ImcWw?
F{X ]b¿aWnIƒ I∏n¬ C´-t∏m-gmWv _eq¨ Db¿∂v -h∂v `mcw
Xpey-am-bXv?
\nß-fpsS Is≠-Ø-ep-Iƒ ]cn-k-c-]p-kvX-I-Øn¬ FgpXq.

Im‰ns‚ i‡n

t{ib-bpsS ssIbnse Im‰mSn
I≠nt√...?
AXp Id-ßp-∂-sX-¥p-
sIm≠mhmw?
Iq´p-Im-cp-ambn N¿®sNøq.
Hgp-Ip∂ hmbp-hm-Wt√m Im‰v.
hmbp-hn\v i‡n-bp≠v.

Im‰m-Sn-∏mSw ]mbv°-∏¬

hmbp, \ocmhn apX-em-bh πmkva

hmX-I-ß-fm-Wv.

Jcw, {ZmhI- w, hmXIw

hmX-I-Øns‚ {]tXy-I-XIƒ Fs¥- F∂nh IqSmsX {Zhy-

√m-am-Wv. Fgp-Xq... Øn\v a‰p Nne Ahÿ- I- -

$ hmX-I-Øn\v BIr-Xn-bn-√. fpw D≠.v AXns- em∂mWv I√ -mbv... Im‰mbv...
πmkva. Xo, CSna- n∂- ¬

F∂nh πmkvamh- ÿ-
$

bn-em-Wv.

81

]´nI ]q¿Ønb- m°mw

s]mXpk- z`- mh- ߃

hkvXp°- ƒ `mcw- BIrX- n- ÿnXns- Nø- m≥ Ahÿ

shfn-s®Æ  x ÿew {ZmhIw
tai   Jcw
hmbp  
\ocmhn hmXIw
]m¬
sFkv

]´n-I-bn¬ \n∂pw \nß-sf-Øn-t®¿∂ \nK-a\߃ Fgp-Xq.

\ap°p Np‰p-ap≈ hkvXp-°ƒ s]mXpsh Jcw, {Zmh-Iw,
hmXIw F∂o aq∂v Ahÿ- I- f- ne- mWv ÿnXnsNøp∂- X- v.

]cn-k-c-]-T\w {][m\ ]T-\-t\-´-߃

$ Jc-hkvXp°fpsS s]mXpkz`m-h-߃ {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p.
$ {Zmh-I-ß-fpsS {]tXy-IXIƒ Is≠Øn ]d-bp-∂p.
$ hmX-I-ß-fpsS {]tXy-IXIƒ Xncn-®-dn™v {]kvXm-hn-°p∂p.
$ PeØn\v aq∂v Ah-ÿ-I-fp-s≠∂v Xncn-®-dn™v {]kvXm-

hn°p∂p.
$ Pe-Øns‚ Ah-ÿm-am-‰-߃ eLp-]-co-£-W-ß-fn-eqsS

hniZo-I-cn-°p-∂p.
$ Jcw, {Zmh-Iw, hmXIw F∂o aq∂v Ah-ÿ-Ifn-ep≈ hkvXp-

°-fpsS s]mXp-kz-`m-h-߃ eLp-]-co-£-W-ß-fn-eqsS sXfn-bn-
°p-∂p.
$ Np‰p-ap≈ hkvXp-°-fpsS s]mXp-kz-`m-h-߃ t{ImUo-I-cn®v
{]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p.

82

hneb- nc- pØmw

$ Xmsg ]dbp∂ hkvXp-°sf XcwXncns®gp-Xq.

Pew, s]t{Smƒ, ]©-km-c, I¿∏qcw, D∏v, XSn-°-j-Ww,
\ocmhn, ]pI, Uok¬, shfn-s®-Æ.

$ \n›nX BIr-Xn-bp≠v, ÿnXn-sN-øm≥ ÿew Bh-iy-ap-≠v,

`mc-ap≠v. CXv GXv A-h-ÿ-bmWv?

A. hmXIw B. {ZmhIw C. Jcw

$ Pe-Øns‚ aq∂v Ahÿ-Iƒ kqNn-∏n-°p∂ Iq´sØ

Is≠Øq.

A. ]m¬, tamcv, ssXcv
B. NqSp-sh-≈w, XWpØ-sh-≈w, I™n-sh-≈w
C. sh≈w, sFkv, \ocm-hn
D. sFkv{Iow, Nmb, Pyqkv

XpS¿{]h- ¿Ø\߃

1. Npcp-ßmØ _eq¨ 83 I√ -mbv... Im‰mbv...
sh≈w \nd® _eq¨ Ip∏n-bn¬
Dd∏n-°p-I. Cu Ip∏n \nh¿Øn
h®m¬ F¥p- kw-`-hn°pw?
_eq¨ Npcpßnt∏mIptam?
_eq-Wnse sh≈-Øn-s\¥p kw`-hn°pw?

2. `mcw Db¿Ømw
]m¬I-hdpIƒ, kvt{Sm, \qev,
Im¿Uvt_m¿Uv IjWw F∂nh
Icp-Xp-I.
]m¬Ih- d- pI- ƒ°ItØ°v kvt{Sm XncpInh®v \q¬
sIm≠v sI´pI. Ihdn\- p- apI- f- n¬ Im¿Uvt_m¿Uv h®v
AXn\p apI-fn¬ Hcp henb ]pkvXIw hbv°pI.
F∂n´v kvt{SmI-fn-eqsS Htckabw DuXnt\m°q.
Cßs\ F{X- `mcw hsc Db¿Øm≥ Ignbpw?

]cn-k-c-]-T\w 3. IqSp-X¬ `mcw Db¿Ømw
πmÃnIv Syq_v, tlm´vhm´¿ _mKv
F∂nh D]t- bmK- n®v "hmbp Pm°n'
D≠m-°mw. tlm´vhm´¿ _mKn\p
]Icw ^pSvt_mƒ ªmU¿,
Fb¿t_mƒ, _eq¨ apX-em-
bhbpw D]-tbm-Kn-°mw.
4. Ir{Xna ag
πmÃnIv Ip∏n-bpsS ASn-hiØv
Iptd Zzmcßfpw apIƒ `mKØv
Hcp Zzmchpw CSp-I. Ip∏n-bn¬
sh≈w \nd-bv°p-I. apI-fn-ep≈
Zzmcw AS-®p-]n-Sn-®m¬ sh≈w
hogp-∂pt≠m? Xpd-∂mtem?
F¥ps- Im≠- mWv Cßs\ kw`h- n-
°p-∂Xv?
5. hnkn¬ apg°mw, _eq¨ ho¿∏n°mw
ASn`mKw apdn®pam‰nb c≠p Ip∏n-Iƒ FSp°q. H∂n¬ Hcp
_eqWpw c≠ma- t- ØX- n¬ Hcp tUmƒ hnk- nepw Dd∏- n°- q. Ch _°-
‰nse sh≈-Øn¬ XmgvØq.
_eq¨ ho¿°m≥ Imc-Ww F-¥m-bn-cn°pw?
hnkn¬ i_vZn-°p∂Xv
F¥p-sIm≠v?

6. Pe-ssh-ZypX\ne-bw, Im‰m-Sn-∏mSw F∂nh kμ¿in-°q.
7. Pe-N-{Iw, Im‰m-Sn apX-em-bh \n¿an-°q.

84

k©mcn GXp `q]-S-amWv ]cn-tim-[n-°p-∂-Xv?
F¥n-\m-bn-cn°pw?

85
JT 529-3/EVS - 4 (M) Vol.2

hmbn°mw hcbv°mw

`q]Sw hmbn°mw

tIcf- Ø- nse Pn√I- fpw {][m\ ÿeß- fpw \n߃ aq∂mw ¢mkn¬

]cn-N-b-s∏´t√m. Xmsg sImSp-Ø `q]Sw ]cn-tim-[n-°q.

I
mk
¿tK
mU
v

IÆq¿

hb\- mSv
tI

mgnt- °
mSv

ae∏- pdw

]me°- mSv

Xr»q¿
FdW- mI- pfw

CSp°n

kqNnI tIm´bw

hnam\- Ø- mh- fw B ]Ø\- wX- n´
kwÿm\ AXn¿Øn
Pn√m AXn¿Øn e
Xpd-apJw ∏-
Xe-ÿm\w pg
sdbn¸mX
sIm√w
86
]cn-k-c-]-T\w pcw
]-

¥-
\-
ncph-
X

Fs¥√mw hnh-c-߃ \n߃ Is≠-Øn?

Is≠-Ønb hnh-c-߃ Dƒs∏-SpØn tIc-fsØ°pdn®v Hcp Ipdn∏v
Xbmdm°q.

`q]-S-ß-fnse kqNnI

`q]-S-Øn¬ tdmUp-Iƒ, sdbn¬∏mXIƒ, ]pg-Iƒ, hnam-\-Øm-h-f-
߃ XpSßnb-hsb Nn”-ßfpw \nd-ßfpw D]-tbm-Kn-®mWv AS-bm-
fs- ∏S- pØ- p∂- X- v. `q]S- ß- f- nse \ndß- fpw Nn”ß- fpw F¥ns\ kqNn-
∏n-°p-∂p-sh∂v ImWn-°p-∂-XmWv kqNnI. `q]-Sßfn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-
°p∂ Nne Nn”-ß-fmWv NphsS sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

Nn”-߃ tIcf- Ø- nse {][m\- - \Z- nI- ƒ,
sdbn¬∏mX hnt\mZ- k- ©- mc tI{μß- ƒ,
hnam-\-Øm-hfw
]£n kt¶X- ß- ƒ,
Xpd-apJw h\yP- ohn kt¶X- ß- ƒ
\Zn F∂nhsb°- pd- n®- p≈ hnhc- -
hnt\mZ- k- ©- mc- t- I{μw ߃ So®t- dmSv tNmZn®- d- nb- q.
Xeÿ- m\w
Pn√m- B-ÿm\w \n߃°-dn-bm-hp∂
]£nk- t- ¶Xw hnh-c-߃ Cu

Nn”-߃ D]-tbm-
Kn®v tIc-f-Øns‚
`q]-S-Øn¬ Iq´n- -

t®¿°q.

¢mkv apdn hcbv°mw hmbn°mw hcbv°mw

Iq´p-Im¿ ¢mkv apdn hc-bv°m≥ Xocpam\n-®p. tai-bpsS \mep hi-
Øpambn \mep-t]¿ Ccp-∂p. tai-∏p-dØv t]∏¿ h®v hc-bv°m≥
XpS-ßn.

87

""F√mh- cpw t]∏d- ns‚ apIf- n¬, heX- ph- i- Øv t]scg- pX- tW. heXp-
`m-Kw, CS-Xp-`m-Kw, apIƒ`m-Kw, Xmgv-`mKw F∂n-hbpw AS-bm-f-s∏-Sp-
ØWw''˛A`n hnfn®p]d-™p. At∏m-gmWv So®¿ h∂-Xv. ""¢mkns‚
hmXn¬, P\-ep-Iƒ, tai, s_©p-Iƒ, t_m¿Uv F∂n-hbpw hc-
bv°-Ww''˛ So®¿ Hm¿an-∏n-®p.

Ip´n-Iƒ hc®, ¢mkns‚ tcJm-Nn-{X-߃ Ah¿ A`n-am-\-tØmsS
Db¿Øn-°m-´n.
¢mknse a‰p Ip´n-Iƒ AZv`p-X-s∏´p.
Hcp ¢mkns‚ Xs∂ \mev hyXykvX Nn{X-ßtfm!
F¥p-sIm-≠m-bn-cn°pw \mep Nn{X-ßfpw hyXy-kvX-am-bXv?
¢mkvapdn-bpsS tcJm-Nn{Xw F√m-h¿°pw Hcp-t]mse hc-bv°m≥
Ign-bn-t√?
AXn-\mbn Fs¥√mw Imcy-߃ {i≤n-°Ww?

]cn-k-c-]-T\w ]Sn-™mdv hS-°v Npa-cn¬ Xq°n-bn´ `q]-SØns‚
88 sX°v
apIƒ`mK- w hS°v Zn°ns- \b- mWv kqNn-

∏n-°p-∂Xv. Zn°v ImWn-°m≥ Cu

Ing°v

Nn”amWv D]t- bmK- n°- p∂- X- v. CXns‚

ASnÿ- m\- Ø- n¬ a‰p Zn°pI- ƒ Is≠-

Øm-a-t√m.

\nß-fpsS ¢mkvap-dn-bpsS hS-°p-`mKw Fhn-sS-bmWv?

t]∏-dn\p apIƒ `m-KØv hS°p`mKw hcp∂ coXn-bnemWv tcJm
Nn{Xw hcbvt°≠Xv. sX°v, Ing-°v, ]Sn-™mdv F∂o Zn°p-Iƒ
IqSn icn-bmbn tcJ-s∏-SpØq.

Hmtcm∂- n\pw C\n∏- d- b- p∂ Nn”ß- ƒ tN¿Øv \nßfpw hc®- pt- \m°q.

T tai D hmXn¬ W P\¬

B.B ªm°v t_m¿Uv B s_©v

hc® Nn{X-߃ `nØn-bn¬ H´n-°q. C\n t\m°q, F√m Nn{X-ßfpw
Htct]msebt√?

Zn°p-Ifdnbmw

kqcys\ t\m°n \mw Ffp∏- Ø- n¬ Zn°v Adnb- m≥ {ian°- md- p≠- t- √m.

lmb,v
{]`mX- k- qc- y≥!
At∏mƒ Fs‚ CS-Xp-
ssI `mK-am-Wt√

hS°- .v

Nn{Xw \nco£- n°- q. DZb- k- qc- y- s\ t\m°n eo\ Zn°pI- ƒ Is≠Øp
∂Xv Fßs\sb∂v {i≤n°q.
$ GXp `mKtØ°p t\m°n-bmWv eo\ \n¬°p-∂Xv?

$ eo\-bpsS he-Xp-ssI-`mKw GXv Zn°ns\bmWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv? hmbn°mw hcbv°mw

$ eo\-bpsS \ng¬ hogp∂ `mKw GXv Zn°mWv?

kqcys\ ImWmØ kab- ß- f- n¬ \aps- °ß- s\ Zn°pI- ƒ Adnb- m≥

Ignbpw? 89

hS-°p-t\m-°n-b-{¥w

Zn°v Adnbp-∂-Xn\v D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ D]-I-c-W-amWv
hS°p-t\m-°n-b-{¥w. hS-°p-t\m-°n-b-{¥Øns‚ a[y-
Øn¬ Hcp Im¥kqNn ImWmw, Cu kqNn hS°p-
sX°mbn am{Xta \n¬°p-I-bp-≈q. Cu kqNn-bnse
{]tXy-I-ambn AS-bm-f-s∏-Sp-Ønb A{K-amWv hS°p-Zn-
°ns\ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. ¢mkv apdn-bpsS a[yØn¬ hS-
°p-t\m-°n-b{¥w h®v Zn°p-Iƒ ASbm-f-s∏-Sp-Ømw.

kvIqfns‚ tcJm-Nn{Xw

h
] In

sX

kqNnI

kwÿm-\-]mX

tÃPv ]mN-I-∏pc
kvIqƒ

sImSn-acw InW¿

]cn-k-c-]-T\w \μ\bpsS kvIqfns‚ tcJm-Nn-{X-amWnXv.
tcJm-Nn-{X-Øn¬\n∂p Xmsg sImSpØ Imcy-߃ Is≠Øq.
$ kIv qfns‚ GXp Zn°ne- qs- Sb- mWv kwÿm\]mX IS∂pt]mIp∂- X?v
$ ]mN-I-∏p-c-bpsS GXp Zn°n-emWv InW¿?
$ sImSn-a-c-Øns‚ GXp Zn°n-emWv tÃPv?
CXp-t]mse \nß-fpsS kvIqfns‚ tcJm-Nn{Xw ]cn-k-c-]p-kvX-I-
Øn¬ hcbv°q.

90

k\-ens‚ ]©m-bØv h
] In
B\d ]©m-b-Øn-emWv k\-ens‚ kvIqƒ.
sX
B\d {Kma-∏-©m-bØv
CSØ- d
]- ©- mb- Øv s]cn-bm-]pcw
]- ©- mb- Øv

Xang- v\mSv

Nc¬∏pg hmbn°mw hcbv°mw
]- ©- mb- Øv

kqNnI
tdmUv
kvIqƒ
\Zn
s\¬°rjn
s]mXpInW¿

91

B\d ]©m-bØns‚ `q]Sw ]cn-tim-[n®v Hmtcm hm¿Un-s‚bpw
khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ ]´n-I-s∏-Sp-Øq.

hm¿Uv \º¿ khnt- ij- X- I- ƒ
1
$ Xan-gv\m-Sp-ambn AXn¿Øn ]¶n-Sp∂p.
2 $ s]mXpI- nW- d- p≠v.
3 $ kvIqƒ D≠v.
4 $ ]pg D≠v.

CXp-t]mse \nß-fpsS ]©m-b-Øns‚ khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ
{Kma-∏-©m-bØv `q]-S-Øn¬\n∂p Is≠Øq.

Fs‚ Pn√

tIc-f-Øns‚ `q]-S-Øn¬ kz¥w Pn√ Is≠-Øq.
kz¥w Pn√-bpsS tcJm-Nn-{X-Øn¬ Xmsg sImSp-
Øh AS-bm-f-s∏-Sp-Øq.
$ Ab¬ Pn√I- ƒ
$ Pn√m Bÿm\w
$ hnt\mZk©m-c-tI-{μ-߃
$ \Zn-Iƒ
as‰-s¥√mw \ap°v tcJ-s∏-SpØmw?

]cn-k-c-]-T\w hnim-e-amb Hcp {]tZ-isØ khn-tijX-Iƒ Hcp
IS-em-kn¬ IrXy-ambn Nn{Xo-I-cn-°m≥ \ap°v Ign-bpw.
`q{]t- Zi- ß- f- psS CØc- Ø- ne- p≈ Nn{XoI- c- W- s- Øb- mWv
`q]Sw F∂p- ]-d-bp-∂-Xv.

92

{][m\ ]T-\-t\-´-߃

$ kqNnI ASn-ÿm\s∏SpØn tI-c-f-Øns‚ `q]Sw hmbn-°p-∂p.
$ `q]-S-Øn¬ Zn°pIƒ -IrXy-ambn tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.
$ kz¥w ¢mkv apdnbp-sSbpw hnZym-e-b-Øns‚bpw cq]-tcJ Zni-

]m-en®v Xbm-dm-°p-∂p.
$ hS-°p-t\m°nb{¥w D]-tbm-Kn®v Zn°p-Iƒ Is≠Øp-∂p.
$ `q]-Sßfn¬ Nn”-߃ D]-tbm-Kn®v {][m\ hn`-h-߃ AS-bm-

f-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.
$ tIc-f-Øns‚bpw kz¥w Pn√-bp-sSbpw `q]-S-Øn¬ Nn”-߃

D]-tbm-Kn®v hn`-h-߃ AS-bm-f-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.
$ ]©m-bØv `q]Sw hmbn®v ]©m-b-Ønse hn`-h-߃ ]´n-I-

s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.
$ Pn√m `q]-S-Øn¬ hn`-h-߃ Nn{XoI-cn-°p-∂p.

hneb- nc- pØmw

1 Zn°p-Ifn

HºXv If߃°p \Sp-hn-ep≈ IfØn¬ Hcp Ip´n \n¬°Ww.
"Ing°v' F∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒ Ing-°p≈ IfØn-te°v Ip´n NmS-Ww.
DSs\ Xs∂ \Sp-hnse IfØn-te-°p- Xncn®p NmS-Ww. ]e Zn°p-
Iƒ ]d™v Ifn Bh¿Øn-°pw. G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ kabw sX‰msX
Ifn® Ip´n H∂mw ÿm\-sØ-Øp-∂p.

hS°p hS°v hS°pIng°v
]Sn™- mdv

]Sn™- mdv Ing°v

sX°p sX°v sX°pIng°v hmbn°mw hcbv°mw
]Sn™- mdv

93

2. GXp Zn°n¬?

arK-im-ebnse \nco-£WtKm]p-c-Øn-emWv enbm-\- Ct∏mƒ
\n¬°p-∂Xv. tKm]p-c-Øns‚ GXp Zn°n-emWv Hmtcm Pohn-bp-sa∂v
Fgp-Xq.

mdv h h
S°
Sn™- pI
p] ng°
S° v
h

] In

md- v sX
p]Sn™- °
sX°
sX pI
ng°
v

]cn-k-c-]-T\w $ tKm]p-c-Øns‚ hS°v Zn°nep≈ Pohn- - GXv?
$ H´Iw tKm]p-c-Øns‚ GXp Zn°n-emWv?
$ tKm]p-c-Øns‚ GXp Zn°n-emWv IpXnc?
$ tKm]p-c-Øns‚ GXp Zn°n-emWv apXe?
$ ]mºns‚ ÿm\w Fhn-sS-bmWv?

94

3. kqNnI \n¿an°mw
Xmsg sImSp-Øn-cn-°p∂ tcJmNn{X-Øn¬ \n∂v Fs¥√mw Imcy-
߃ Is≠-Øm≥ Ignbpw?

sdbn¬th tÃj≥

_kv tÃj≥

t]meokv tÃj≥ t]mÃv Hm-^okv
tdmUv
kvIqƒ
s\¬hb¬

]pg

]mew

Is≠-Ønb Hmtcm-∂n\pw kqNn-I \n¿an®v tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-I.

kqNnI

$ t]meokv tÃj≥ hmbn°mw hcbv°mw
$ sdbn¬th tÃj≥
$ _kv tÃj≥
$ t]mÃv Hm^okv
$ ]pg
$ ]mew
$

95

]cn-k-c-]-T\w 4. icn-bm-b-Xn\p t\sc  Nn”w tN¿°p-I.
$ Zn°v A-dn-bm-\p≈ D]-I-c-W-Øns‚ t]cv?
(sX¿tam-ao-‰¿, kv]otUmao‰¿, hS°pt\m°n-b{¥w,
Zqc-Z¿in-\n)
$ Hcp `q]-S-Øns‚ apIƒ`mKw GXp Zn°ns\-bmWv kqNn-∏n-
°p-∂Xv?
(Ing-°v, ]Sn-™m-dv, sX°v, hS-°v)

5. Xmsg sImSpØ Nn”߃ Hmtcm-∂pw F¥n-s\-bmWv
kqNn∏n-°p-∂Xv?

RS

SH

XpS¿{]h- ¿Ø\߃

$ \nß-fpsS hoSns‚ cq]-tcJ hcbv°q. AXn\-SpØp≈ -sI-´n-
S߃, hgn, tdmUv, Ab¬hoSp-Iƒ F∂nh kqNn-∏n-°q.

$ Im¿Uvt_m¿Uv, ]{X-°-S-emkv F∂nh D]-tbm-Kn®v kz¥w
kvIqƒ tcJm-Nn-{X-Øns‚ amXrI \n¿an°pI.

96

hnime- - `qan

`mc-X-sa-s∂≥ cmPysØ
kwÿm-\-߃ ]d-™oSmw
hS°v PΩpI- mi- vaocv
k©m-cn-I-fpsS kz]v\-anXv
sXt° A‰w Xang- v\mSv
s]m¶¬ D’-h-\m-SmWv
Ing-°p-`mKw Acp-Wm-N¬
Nph∂ aeb- psS kwÿm\w
Km‘n- P\- ns- ®mcp KpPd- mØv
]Sn-™m-d-‰-Øm-Wt√m

IhnXbn¬ Fs¥-√m-amWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv?
GsX√mw kwÿm-\-߃?
Is≠-Øn Fgp-Xq.
C¥yb- n¬ thsdbpw kwÿm\- ß- ƒ D≠t- √m.
Ah GsX-√m-amWv?

N {io\-K¿ C¥y
PΩp-Im-ivao¿
cmjv{Sob `q]Sw

lnam-N¬ kn°nw Acp-Wm-N¬ {]tZiv
{]tZiv KmMvtSmIv
knwe C‰m\- K- ¿
]m‰v\
]©m_v _olm¿ B mw \mKm-em‚ v
Znkv]q¿ sImlna
Ofin-KVv sUdm-Uq¨
DØ-cmJfiv jnt√mMv
taLm-eb
lcn-bm\
U¬ln Cw^m¬
\yqU¬ln
aWn-∏q¿
cmP-ÿm≥ AK¿Øe

Pbv]q¿ eIv\u sFkvhmƒ
DØ¿{]-tZiv {Xn]pc

KpP-dmØv t`m∏m¬ Pm¿Jfiv ant mdmw
Km‘n-\-K¿ a[y-{]-tZiv
]›n-a-_w-Kmƒ
dm©n

sIm¬°Ø

OØo-kvKUv

dmbv]q¿ HUnj
`ph-t\-iz¿

alm-cmjv{S
apwss_

sslZc- m_- mZve£-Zzo]v_wKmƒ Dƒ°-S¬ B≥U-am≥ ˛ \nt°m-_m¿ Zzo]-k-aqlw
B{‘-{]-tZiv
]\mPn A¥mcmjv{S AXn¿Øn
tKmh kwÿm\ AXn¿Øn
I¿Wm-SI kwÿm\ Xeÿ- m\w
tZiob Xeÿ- m\w
Ad-_n-°S¬

_wKe- pcp
sNss∂

Xan-gv\mSv
tIcfw

Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw

]cn-k-c-]-T\w C¥y≥ almkap{Zw

Ipdn∏v: B{‘{]-tZiv hn`-Pn®v B{‘{]tZiv, sXe-¶m\ F∂o c≠v
kwÿm-\-߃ cq]o-I-cn-®p.

98

Xncn-®-dnbmw C¥ybneqsS...

C¥y-bpsS `q]Sw \nco-£n-®t√m?
$ Ad-_n-°-S-ent\mSv tN¿∂v- In-S-°p∂ kwÿm-\-߃ Gh?
$ _wKmƒ Dƒ°-S-ent\mSv tN¿∂p-In-S-°p∂ kwÿm-\-ßtfm?
$ GsXms° kwÿm-\-߃°mWv IS¬Øo-c-an-√mØXv?
$
IqS-pX¬ Adnbmw

Acp-Wm-N¬ {]-tZiv
C¥yb- psS Ingt° A‰Ø- p≈ kwÿm\w.
\ΩpsS cmPysØ G‰hpw henb
_p≤hnlmcw ChnsS ÿnXnsNøp-∂p.
Xe-ÿm-\w C‰m-\-K¿-. Hm¿°nUp-I-fpsS
]dp-Zo-k-bmWv Acp-Wm-N¬. anYp≥ Acp-
WmN- e- pI- mc- psS {]nbs- ∏´ arKa- mW- v. hnhn[
`mj-Iƒ kwkm-cn-°p∂ P\-ß-fmWv Cu
kwÿm-\-Øp-≈-Xv.

PΩp-Im-ivao¿
C¥yb- psS hSt° A‰s- Ø kwÿm\- w. ae-
I-fp-sSbpw XSm-I-ß-fp-sSbpw \Zn-I-fp-sSbpw
\mSmWv PΩpImivao¿. C¥y-bnse G‰hpw
henb ip≤-P-e-X-Sm-I-amb hqfm¿ {io\-K-
dn-em-Wv. Zm¬ XSm-Ihpw {]kn-≤-amWv. D¿Zp,
Imivao-cn F∂n-hbmWv apJy `mjIƒ. Chn-
SsØ {][m\ \rØ-cq-]-ßfmWv l^n-k,
_®m \mKva, d^v F∂nh. PΩpImivao-cn\v
c≠v Xe-ÿm-\-ß-fp-≠v. ssiXy-Im-esØ
Xe-ÿm-\-amWv PΩp. th\¬°m-esØ
Xe-ÿm\w {io\-K¿ BWv.

99

]cn-k-c-]-T\w Xan-gv\mSv
C¥y-bpsS sXt° A‰-sØ kwÿm-\w. {][m\ `mj
Xangv. tIcf-Øns‚ Ab¬kw-ÿm-\-am-Wn-Xv. `c-X-\mSy-
Øns‚ \mSv. sNss∂ BWv Xe-ÿm\w. ]´p -
hkv{XØn\v t]cp-tI´ Im©o-]pcw Xangv\m-´n-em-Wv.

KpP-dmØv
C¥y-bpsS ]Sn-™mtd A‰-Øp≈ kwÿm-
\w. alm-flm-Km-‘n-bpsS P∑w-sIm≠v {]i-
kvX-amb t]m¿_-¥¿ Chn-sS-bm-Wv. Km¿_-
\rØamWv KpP-dm-Øns‚ X\Xv Iem-cq]w.
C¥y-bn¬ G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ IS¬Øo-c-ap≈
kwÿm-\hpw KpP-dm-Øm-Wv. Xe-ÿm\w
Km‘n-\-K¿. {][m\ `mj KpP-dm-Øn-.

\ΩpsS cmPysØ GXm\pw kwÿm-\-߃ \n߃ ]cn-N-b-s∏-´-t√m.
$ a‰p -kw-ÿm-\-ß-fpsS hnh-c-ßfpw tiJ-cn-°q.

]cn-k-c-]p-kvX-I-Øn¬ Ipdn-°q.

100

tiJ-cn® hnh-c-߃ D]-tbm-Kn®v ]´nI ]q¿Øn-bm-°q.

kwÿm\w Xeÿ- m\w Ab¬ kwÿm\- ß- ƒ

C¥y-bnse kwÿm-\-ßsf ]cn-N-b-s∏-´t√m.
Ch -Iq-SmsX 6 tI{μ-`-c-W-{]-tZ-ißfpw tZiob Xe-ÿm-\- {]tZ-i-
amb U¬ln-bp-ap-≠v.
Ahsb°pdn®v hnh-c-߃ tiJ-cn®v ]cn-k-c-]p-kvX-I-Øn¬ Fgp-Xq.

`mj-Iƒ ]e-sX-¶nepw

kvIqƒ Akw-ªn-bn¬ \mw sNm√m-dp≈ {]Xn⁄ XpS-ßp-∂-Xv
Fß-s\-bm-Wv?
a‰p kwÿm\- `mj-I-fn¬ Cu {]Xn⁄ XpS-ßp-∂Xv Fß-s\-bm-
sW∂v {i≤n-°q.

C¥y Fs‚ C¥nb `mcX- thm C≥Uy
cmPya- mW- v. F\X- p- \mSv. \∂ tZi. \ tZkap.

a sX
e XI ep
bm an ∂ ¶v
S
fw gv

CsXms° \ΩpsS Ab¬kw-ÿm-\-ß-fnse `mj-I-fm-Wv. C¥ybneqsS...
C¥y-bnse a‰p kwÿm-\-ß-fnse `mjIƒ GsXm-s°-bmWv? 101

kwÿm\w `mj-

a[y-{-]- -tZiv lnμn
]›n-a-_w-Kmƒ _wKmfn

$ \n߃ ]q¿Øn-bm-°nb ]´nI ]cn-tim-[n®v G‰hpw IqSp-X¬
kwÿm-\-ß-fn¬ kwkm-cn-°p∂ `mj- GXm-sW∂p Is≠Øq.

`mjmhnti-j-߃

$ G‰hpw A[nIw C¥y-°m¿ kwkm-cn-°p∂ `mj- lnμnbmWv.
$ {]mtZ-in-I-`m-j-I-fmbn `c-W-L-S\ AwKo-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv 22

`mjI-sf-bm-Wv.
$ ]Øp-e-£-Øn-e-[nIw P\-߃ kwkm-cn-°p∂ C¥y≥ `mjIƒ

\m¬∏tXmf-ap≠v.
$ Bbn-cØn Fgp-\q-tdmfw kwkm-c-`m-j-Iƒ C¥y-bn-ep-≠v.

Chbn¬ NneXv kwkm-cn-°p-∂-h-cpsS FÆw Bbn-c-Øn¬
Xmsgtb hcq.

Ie-Iƒ

hnhn[ `mj-Iƒ \ap°v D≠t√m. AXp-t]mse hyXykvX Iem-cq-]-
ßfpw \ap°p≠v.

]cn-k-c-]-T\w Ip®p-∏p-Sn HUo-kn IYI- v `c-X-\m-Syw aWn-∏q-cn
102

Chbn¬ \n߃°v ]cn-Nn-X- kwÿm\w Iem-cq-]-߃
amb Iem-cq-]-w G-XmWv? AXv Xang- v\mSv `c-X-\mSyw
GXp kwÿm-\sØ Iem-cq-]- HUokn
amWv? IYIv

C¥yb- nse hyXykvX kwÿm-
\-ß-fnse {][m\ Iem-cq-]-
߃ Is≠Øn ]cn-k-c-]p-kvX-
I-Øn¬ Fgp-Xq.

hnhn[ `mj-Iƒ, hkv{X-߃, hkv{X-[m-c-W-co-Xn- F∂n-hbnep≈
hyXym-kw, ]e ]e Iem-cq-]-߃...

\ΩpsS C¥y Fs¥√mw sshhn-[y-߃ \nd-™-XmWv?

Cu sshhn-[y-߃°n-Sbnepw `mc-Xo-b-cmb \sΩ H∂n-∏n-°p-∂Xv
Fs¥m-s°-bmWv?

tZiobNn”-߃

\msa√mw H‰ a\-t msS BZ-cn-°p-Ibpw A`n-am\w sIm≈p-Ibpw
sNøp∂ tZio-b-Nn-”-ßsf Ipdn®v Adn-tbt≠?

tZio-b-Km\w

tZio-b-Km\w cNn-®Xv BcmWv?

tZio-b-Km\w Be-]n-°p-tºmƒ tZio-b-Km\w
Fs¥√mw Imcy-߃ \mw {i≤n-°Ww?
$ Be]- n°- m≥ FSp°- p∂ kabw.
$

tZio-b-Km\w Be-]n°ptºmƒ
BZc]- q¿hw Fgpt- ∂‰p \n¬°W- w.
52 sk°‚ v kabØn\p-≈n-emWv
tZiob- K- m\w Be]- nt- °≠- X- v.

103 C¥ybneqsS...

]cn-k-c-]-T\w c_o{μ-\m-Y- Sm-tKm¿

\-Ωp-sS tZ-io-b-Km-\w c-Nn-®-Xv c-_o-{μ-\m-Y- Sm-tKm¿
B-Wv. A-t±-lw ]›n-a-_w-Km-fn-se sIm¬-°-Ø-bn-
emWv P-\n-®-Xv. sN-dp-∏w apX¬X-s∂ Ihn-X-Iƒ
FgpXnØp-S-ßn. Ko-XmRvP-en F-∂ Ir-Xn kmln-
Xy-Øn-\p-≈ s\m-t_¬ kΩm-\w t\-Sn. A-t±-lw
im¥n-\n-tI-X-\n¬ Xp-S-°-an-´ hnZym-e-b-am-Wv ]n-∂oSv
hniz-`m-c-Xn k¿-hI-em-im-e-bm-bn am-dn-b-Xv.

tZio-b-KoXw

htμ-am-Xcw... F∂p XpS-ßp∂ Km\-amWv
\ΩpsS tZiobKoXw. _¶nwN- {μ Nm‰¿Pnb- mWv
CXv cNn-®-Xv.

tZiob]XmI

\ΩpsS tZiob-]-Xm-I-bn¬ apIƒ `mKØv Ip¶p-aw, a[y-Øn¬ sh≈,
Xmsg ]® F∂n-ßs\ 3 \nd-ß-fp-≠v. sh≈- \n-d-Øns‚ \Sp-hn-embn
\mhnI \oe \nd-Øn¬ 24 Bc-°m-ep-I-fp≈ AtimIN{I-ap-≠v.
\ΩpsS tZio-b-]-XmI cq]-I¬∏\ sNbvXXv ]nwKfn sh¶-ø-bm-Wv.

104

tZiobap{Z

kmc-\mYn¬ AtimI N{I-h¿Øn
ÿm]n® kvXq]Ø- n¬ \n∂mWv \ΩpsS
tZiob- a- p{Z kzoIc- n®- n´- p≈Xv. \mepZ- n°- n-
te°v t\m°p∂ \mep knwl-ßfpw
Nph´- n¬ [¿aN- {- Ihpw Np‰ne- pa- mbn B\,
IpXn-c, Imf F∂o cq]-ßfpw D≠v.
NphsS "kXy-tah PbtX' F∂v FgpXn-
bn-´p-ap-≠v.

tZiobhr£w tZio-b-arKw

tZio-b-]£n tZio-b-]pjv]w

$ \ΩpsS tZiobNn”-ß-fpsS Nn{X-ßfpw Ah-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ C¥ybneqsS...
hnh-c-ßfpw tiJ-cn-°q. ]cn-k-c-]p-kvX-I-Øn¬ Fgp-Xq.
$ tZio-b-^ew
$ tZiobhnt\mZw
$ 105

]cn-k-c-]-T\w {][m\ ]T-\-t\-´-߃

$ sshhn-[y-ß-fpsS \mSmWv C¥y-sb∂v hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂p.
$ C¥y-bnse 29 kwÿm-\-ßfpw 6 tI{μ-`-cW {]tZ-i-ßfpw cmPy

Xe-ÿm\ {]tZ-ihpw Is≠Øn ]´n-I-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.
$ Hmtcm kwÿm-\-Ønepw X\Xv Iem-cq-]-߃ \ne-\n¬°p-∂p-

sh∂v hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂p.
$ C¥y-bn¬ hnhn[ `mj-Iƒ Ds≠∂v Is≠Øn ]d-bp-∂p.
$ sshhn-[y-߃ Ds≠-¶nepw \Ωƒ C¥y-°m-cm-sW-∂ t_m[w

P\n-∏n-°p∂ \nc-h[n s]mXpLS-I-߃ Xncn-®-dn™v ]´n-I-s∏-
Sp-Øp-∂p.

hneb- nc- pØmw

$ Ab¬ kwÿm-\-߃ kao] If-ß-fn¬ hcm-Ø-hn[w Ifw \nd-
bv°q.

lcn-bm\

XpS¿{]h- ¿Ø\߃

$ tZio-b-]-Xm-I-bpsS amXrIIƒ \n¿an-°q.
$ hnhn[ hkvXp-°ƒ D]-tbm-Kn®v C¥y-bpsS `q]Sw \n¿an-°q.
$ tZi-`-‡n-Km-\-߃ tiJ-cn-°pI, Be-]n-°p-I.
$ C¥y-bpsS sshhn-[y-߃ Dƒs°m-≈n-®p-sIm-≠p≈ Hcp Iznkv

a’-c-Øn\v Bh-iy-amb tNmZy-߃ Xbm-dm-°q.

106

thWp : apØ—m, Ata-cn-°-bn-ep≈ imen\nt®®nbpsS
Ieym-W-Øns‚ £W-°Øv h∂n-´p-≠v.

apØ-—≥ : Hmtlm, F∂mWv h∂Xv? t]mkv-‰vamt\ I≠n-√t√m?
thWp : Ct∏mƒ AhnsS \n∂v Ab®nt´ D≈q.
apØ-—≥ : Imew t]mb t]mt°, IØv Ab-®-t∏mƒ Xs∂ AXv

ChnsS In´ntbm?
thWp : CXv C˛-sa-bn¬ BWv apØ-—m.
apØ-—≥ : ]s≠m-s° Hcp IØ-b-®m¬ In´m≥ Znh-k-ß-tfmfw

FSp-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p.
thWp : AtXtbm? F¥m-W-ßs\?
apØ-—≥ : A°m-eØv Iºyq-´-sdm∂pw C√m-bn-cp-∂p.

thWp : apØ—m, As∂ms° hnhc- ß- ƒ Adnb- n®- nc- p∂- Xv Fß-
s\-bm-Wv?

apØ-—≥ : A°m-eØv C∂sØt∏mse hm¿Øm-hn-\n-ab kwhn-
[m-\-߃ H∂pw C√m-bncp∂p. ]≠v hnh-c-߃
ssIamdp-∂-Xn\v {]mhp-Isf D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂p. bp≤-
Im-eØv ktμ-i-߃ ssIam-dp-∂-Xn\pw Ic-bn¬ \n∂v
I∏-en-te°v ktμ-i-߃ Ab-bv°m\pw {]mhp-
IsfbmWv D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂-Xv.

ktμ-i-߃
Ab-bv°m≥ ]cn-io-e\w
\¬Inb {]mhp-IsfbmWv

D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂-Xv.
Ah ktμ-i-߃
FØn®tijw XncnsI

hcp-am-bn-cp-∂p.

]gbIme- Øv ]£nIƒ°p ]pdta hnhc- h- n\- na- bØn\v a‰v Fs¥√mw
am¿K-߃ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂p?

s]cp-ºd Zq-X≥ A©-tem-´-°m-c≥

Nn{X-߃ {i≤n-°q...

]cn-k-c-]-T\w Hmtcm Nn{XØnsebpw Bfp-Iƒ ktμ-i-߃ ssIam-dp-∂Xv
Fß-s\-sb√mamWv?

108

hnh-c-߃ ssIam-dm≥ IØp-Iƒ t]mse as‰-s¥√mw kwhn-[m-\-
߃ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p-≠v?
]´nI ]q¿Øn-bm-°q.

$ C˛sab- n¬
$
$
$
$
$
$

\n߃ Fgp-Xn-bXn¬ Xmsg -X-∂n-cn-°p∂ GsX√mw
hm¿Øm-hn-\n-a-b D-]m-[n-Ifp≠v?

So®-dp-ambn N¿®sNbvXv Ah-bpsS t]sc-gp-Xq. IsÆØm ZqcØv ssIsbØm ZqcØv

109

am‰ß- ƒ... am‰ß- ƒ... AXpa- m{- Xa- √- , Hcp-
]mSv hnh-c-߃
AtΩ, Fs‚ Adnb- n°- m\- p≠- v.
]T\- b- m{- Xb- psS Imcyw

Adn-bn-°m≥ A—\v
IsØg- pX- pI- b- mtWm?
IØp In´m≥ aq∂p\mep Znh-k-am-
Int√? AΩbvs°m∂v t^m¨
sNbvXv ]d-™m¬ t]mtc?

hm¿Ømhn\n-ab cwKØv am‰-߃ D≠m-hm\p≈ Imc-W-߃
Fs¥-√m-am-bn-cn°pw?
\nß-fpsS ]cn-k-c-]p-kvX-I-Øn-se-gp-Xq...

hm¿ØI- ƒ ssIamd- p∂- X- nse thKX, Ipd™- - sNeh- v, hn\nab
kuIc- yw F∂nhb- v°\- pk- c- n®v henb am‰ß- ƒ h∂ps- Im≠- n-
cn-°p-∂p.

tIƒhnb- n¬ \n∂v ImgvNb- nt- e°v

hm¿Øm-hn-\n-ab cwKØv A\p-Zn\w am‰-߃ h∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-
bm-Wt√m, A¬∏Imew apºphsc hm¿Ø-Iƒ Adn-bm≥ tdUntbm
am{X-am-bn-cp∂p \mw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂ Ce-Ivt{Sm-WnIv D]-I-cWw.
F∂m¬ Ct∂m?

am‰-߃ Xncn-®-dn™v ]´nI ]q¿Øn-bm-°q.

tdUntbm

]cn-k-c-]-T\w IØv C˛sa-bn¬

110 sSent^m¨

R߃ hm¿Ømh- n\- na- b cwKsØ \mgnI- °- √- pI- ƒ...

]{Xw Iq´p-Imsc... Rm≥ temIØn¬ G‰hpa[nIw {]Nmc-ap≈
hm¿Ømh- n\- na- t- bm]- m[- nI- f- ns- em∂- mWv. temIØ- ns‚ GXp
tImWn¬ \S°- p∂ {][m\ hnhc- ß- fpw F\n°v \nßfnte°v
FØn°- m≥ Ignb- pw. ]pXnb ]pXnb- h- m¿ØI- f- pam- bn Znht- k\
\nßsftØSns- bØ- p∂ Fs∂ Zn\∏- {Xw F∂pw hnfn°- md- p≠.v

Iºyq-´¿

\n߃ G‰h- pa- [- nIw CjvSs∏- Sp- ∂ CeI- vt{SmW- nIv D]I- c- -
Ww- At√ Rm≥? Bhi- y- m- \pkc- Ww i_vZw, FgpØ- v, Nn{X-
߃, hoUntbm XpSßn F√m hnhc- ß- fpw Rm≥ \n߃°v
\¬Ip∂- p≠- v. am{Xa- √ Ah kq£n®v shbv°m\pw ho≠pw
\¬Iph- m\pw Rm≥ Xømd- mW- v. ]e sKbna- pI- f- nepw \Ωs- fm-
∂n®v ]s¶-Sp-°m-dp-≈Xv ad-∂n-´n-√-t√m. F\n°v \nc-¥cw
am‰-߃ h∂p sImt≠bncn°pw. AXv Adn-bm≥
{ian°- t- W...

sSen-{Km^v

Fs∂ \n߃°v A{X ]cn-N-b-ap-≠m-hn-√. ImcWw
Rm\n∂v C√. ]t£ hfs- c°- mew P\ß- ƒ s]s´∂- p≈
Bi-b-hn-\n-a-b-Øn\v Fs∂-bmWv B{i-bn-®n-cp-∂-Xv.
AIse F∂¿Y-ap≈ "sSen', Fgp-XpI F∂¿Y-ap≈
"{Km^n≥' F∂o c≠v {Ko°v ]Zß- ƒ tN¿∂mWv sSen{Kmw
F∂v F\n°v t]cp≠- mb- Xv. CSb- vs°¶- nepw Fs∂sbmt∂m¿°t- W..
F- s‚ Ncn{Xw At\z- j- n®- d- nb- nt- √...

tdUntbm IsÆØm ZqcØv ssIsbØm ZqcØv

am¿t°mWn F∂ imkv{X⁄\mWv Fs∂ \n߃°v ]cn-
N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv. hm¿Ø-Iƒ F{Xbpw s]s´∂v temIw
apgph≥ FØn-°m≥ F\n-°m-Ipw. ]t£ i_vZw am{Xw
\¬Iph- mt\ F\n°p Ignb- q. F¶nepw hn⁄m\- {- ]Z- h- pw
ck-I-c-hp-amb Fs¥√mw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fmWv Znh-khpw
\n߃°mbn Hcp-°p-∂-sX-∂-dn-bmtam? H∂p tI´p
t\m°q... ad-°-cp-Xv.

sSen-hn-j≥

Rm\n∂v \nßf- psS ho´nse HcwK- sØ t]mseb- mW.v "sSen'

F∂ {Ko°p]- Z- hpw "hnj≥' F∂ em‰n≥ ]Zhpw tN¿∂mWv

Fs‚ t]cp≠- mb- X- v. hm¿ØI- ƒ, hn⁄m\- w, hnt\mZw

XpSßn Ht´sd hntij- ß- f- pa- mb- mWv Rm≥ \nßf- psS ap∂n-

seØ- p∂- X- v. 111

C‚¿s\‰v

temIØ- nse F√m`- mK- ß- f- ne- pa- p≈ Iºy- q´- d- pI- sf ]ck- v]cw _‘n∏- n®v
hnhc- ß- ƒ ssIamd- m≥ F\n°v Ignb- pw. ]ck- ]v cw I≠p kwkmc- n°- m\pw
hoUntbm tIm¨^d≥kv \SØ- m\- ps- a√- mw F\n°p km[n°- pw. Ct∏mƒ
\n߃°p a\ - ne- mb- nt- √ "hn⁄m\w hnc¬ Xpº- n¬' F∂ hntij- Ww
F\n°v \∂mb- nt- ®c- ps- a∂- v!

^mIvkv

Nn{Xß- f- pw, hnhc- ß- f- pa- mbn Fs∂ G¬∏n°- p∂ GXp ktμ-
i- Ø- ns‚bpw X\n]- I- ¿∏v GXp cmPy- Øv thWs- a¶- nepw FØn-
°m≥ F\n°p Ignbpw. IqsS t^m¨ ktμi- hpw ssIam-
dm≥ ]‰pw. Fs‚ t]cmWv ^mIvkv.

sSent^m¨

""anÿ hmSvk¨... C- h- nsS hcq...

F\n°v \nßf- psS klmbw thWw...''

Fs‚ BZy i_vZa- mW- nX- v. 1876 am¿®v 10 \v BWv

Rm≥ P\n®- X- v. AeI- vkm≠- ¿ {Klmws- _¬ F∂

alm\- mb imkv{X⁄- \- mWv Fs∂ temIØ- n\v

]cnN- b- s- ∏S- pØ- nb- X- v. C∂v Fs‚ Iq´pI- m¿

\nch- [- nb- mW- v... Fs- ¥√mw tkh\- ß- f- mWv

R߃ C∂v \¬Ip∂- s- X∂v BtemN- n®v

t\m°q...

samss_¬t^m¨

hm°n-tSm°n ltem...

Fs∂ \n߃°p ]cnN- b- a- nt√? H∂p t\m°q...-
t]meo-kp-Im-cpsS Iøn¬
\nßs- fs∂ I≠nc- n°pw. Fs∂ Rm\- n∂v BsI kvam¿´mb- n´- nt√?
IqSp-X-embn D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv AtX...- \nß- f- psS Ifn°- q´- pI- mc- ≥
Ah-cm-Wv. cmPykpc-£bv°pw t^m¨ hnfn-°p-hm≥ am{X-a√
{Iakam-[m-\-Øn\psa√m-ambn ktμi- ß- ƒ Ab°- m≥, t^mt´m
Rms\t∏mgpw DW¿∂nc- n°- pw. FSp°- m≥, hoUntbm sKbna- pI- ƒ
Atßm´pw Ctßm´pw kwkmc- n- XpSßn \n߃°v th≠ F√m
°ph- m\pw sIm≠p \S°- ph- m\pw kuIc- y- ß- fpw \¬Iph- m≥ Rm≥
Ign-bp∂ BZ-ysØ D]-I-cWw Xøm-dmWv. C‚¿s\‰v D]-tbm-
Rm\mW- .v Kn°m≥ F\n°p Ign-bpw. ]c-
kv]cw I≠v kwkmc- n°- ph- m≥ Ign-

]cn-k-c-]-T\w bp∂ Fs‚ ]pXnb ]Xn∏- ns- \∏- ‰n

\n߃ Adn™- nc- n°- pa- t- √m?

112

{Ia-s∏-SpØq

Nn{X-߃ t\m°n D]-tbm-K-Øn¬ h∂-Xns‚ {Ia-Øn¬ Fgp-Xq.

Xcw Xncn°q

ktμ-i-߃ ssIam-dp-∂-Xns‚ kz-`m-hw A-\p-k-cn®v Xmsg ]d-bp∂
kwhn[m\-ßsf XcwXncn-®v ]´n-I-bn¬ Fgp-Xq.

t^m¨ ]{Xw tdUntbm C˛sabn¬ sSenh- nj- ≥ ^mIkv v

Bib ssIam‰w Bib ssIam‰w
hy-‡nbnte°v kaq-l-Øn-te°v
$ t^m¨
$ $ ]{Xw
$ $
$

Hcp ktμiw Hcp Iq´w Bfp- IsÆØm ZqcØv ssIsbØm ZqcØv
Iƒ°v Htckabw ssIam‰w
sNøp∂ kwhn[- m\- ß- sf _lp
P\Bib-hn\n-abam[ya߃
F∂p ]db- p∂- p.

ASp-Ø-Imew hsc D]-tbm-Kn®ph∂n-cp∂ Nne hnh-c-hn-\n-ab

kwhn-[m-\-߃ C∂v \ne-hn-en-√. F¥p-sIm≠v?

113

C∂p hm¿Ømh- n\- na- b kwhn[- m\- ß- ƒ ]e t- aJ- e- I- f- nt- e°pw hym]n-
®n-´p-≠v.

Fs-¥√mw? Fß-s\-sb√mw? samss_¬t^m¨
]n¥p-S¿∂v Ip‰hm-fnsb
aWn-°q-dn¬
150 Intem-ao-‰¿hsc thK- I≠p-]n-Sn-®p.

Øn¬ Im‰p hoim≥
km[-y-X-bp-≠v.

at‰-sXms° taJ-e-I-fn-emWv Ch
D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv? At\z-jn-®-dn-bq.

$ X’-ab kwt{]-j-Ww.

$

\n߃°-dn-bmtam?

]cn-k-c-]-T\w samss_¬t^mWneqsS i_vZw Fß-s\-bmWv tIƒhn-°m-c\n¬
FØp-∂Xv?

114