TANGRA Systems_INRNE-26.11.2019-en+

International
Scientific Research

Project
TANGRA

TAgged Neutrons & Gamma-RAys

Design and Development of the Tagged Neutron
Method for Determination of the Elemental Structure

of Materials and Nuclear Reaction Studies

https://indico-test.jinr.ru/event/893/

Report and Proposal for Extension of the Project
TANGRA (TAgged Neutrons & Gamma-Rays)

“Design and development of the tagged neutron
method for determination of the elemental

structure of materials and nuclear reaction
studies”

Project Leader: Yu.N. Kopatch
(Deputy): V.M. Bystritsky †

Theme: 03-4-1128-2017/2019
“Investigations of neutron nuclear interactions and properties
of the neutron”

Yu.N.Kopatch, 50th meeting of the PAC for Nuclear Physics, 24-25 Jun 2019, JINR, Dubna, Russia 2

TANGRA in 2017 - 2019

Participants:

1. Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, JINR, Dubna, Russia
2. Veksler and Baldin Laboratory of High Energy Physics, JINR, Dubna, Russia
3. Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems, JINR, Dubna, Russia
4. Laboratory of Radiation Biology, JINR, Dubna, Russia
5. N.L. Dukhov All-Russian Automation Research Institute, Moscow, Russia.
6. Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, BAS, Sofia, Bulgaria
7. Institute of Geology and Geophysics, ANAS, Baku, Azerbaijan
8. Institute of Chemistry of the ASM, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
9. Institute Ruđer Bošković, Zagreb, Croatia

New project members

1. Lomonosov Moscow State University, SINP, Moscow, Russia.
2. Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
3. Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, China
4. University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
5. Horia Hulubei IFIN-HH, Bucharest, Romania
6. L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan

Yu.N.Kopatch, 50th meeting of the PAC for Nuclear Physics, 24-25 Jun 2019, JINR, Dubna, Russia 3

Main results obtained in 2017-2019:

• A facility was created consisting of ING-27 tagged
neutron generator and 22 NaI(Tl)-crystal based or 18 BGO-
crystal based gamma-ray detector arrays;
• The physical characteristics of the gamma-detectors and
the optimal geometry of the whole detector system were
determined;
• The position of the tritium target and the directions of the
tagged neutron beams were determined using a two-
dimensional silicon strip fast neutron detector;
• The -ray detector response function was determined for
the NaI(Tl) and BGO detectors;
• The angular anisotropy of gamma-ray emission in the
inelastic scattering reactions of 14.1-MeV neutrons on
various nuclei was measured and calculated;
• The gamma-spectra from inelastic scattering of 14.1-MeV
neutrons on samples, using a HPGe detector, were measured.

Yu.N.Kopatch, 50th meeting of the PAC for Nuclear Physics, 24-25 Jun 2019, JINR, Dubna, Russia 4

Main results obtained in 2017-2019

List of main publications

1. TANGRA – an experimental setup for basic and applied nuclear research by means of 14.1 MeV
neutrons, Ivan Ruskov, Yury Kopatch et al., European Physics Journal – Web of Conferences,
eISSN:2100-014X, 146, 03024-03027, 2017

2. Neutron beam profilometer on the base of double-sided silicon strip detectors, N.I. Zamyatin et al.,
TANGRA collaboration, Nuclear Instruments and methods in physics research, 898, 46-52, 2018

3. Measurements of the gamma-quanta angular distributions emitted from neutron inelastic scattering on
28Si, N.A. Fedorov et al., European Physics Journal – Web of Conferences, eISSN:2100-014X, 177, 5,
2018

4. Elemental Analysis of Engine Parts of the Proton Rocket Carrier with Resonance Neutrons, D.N.
Grozdanov et al., Physics of Particles and Nuclei Letters, ISSN:1547-4771, eISSN:1531-8567, 15, 5, 537–
540, 2018

5. Measurement of Angular Distributions of Gamma Rays from the Inelastic Scattering of 14.1-MeV
Neutrons by Carbon and Oxygen Nuclei, D.N. Grozdanov et al, Physics of Atomic Nuclei, ISSN:1063-
7788, eISSN:1562-692X, 81, 5, 588–594, 2018

6. Determination of Moisture Content in Coke with 239Pu–Be Neutron Source and BGO Scintillation
Gamma Detector, D.N. Grozdanov et al., Physics of Particles and Nuclei Letters, ISSN:1547-4771,
eISSN:1531-8567, 15, 2, 157–163, 2018

7. “Определение функции отклика детектора NaI для гамма – квантов с энергией 4,43МэВ,
образующихся при неупругом рассеянии нейтронов с энергией 14,1МэВ на ядрах углерода”,
Дабылова С.Б, Копач Ю.Н., Грозданов Д.Н., Вестник Международного университета природы,
общества и человека «Дубна», 1(37), 3-12, 2017

8. Исследование неупругого рассеяния нейтронов с энергией 14.1 МэВ на ядрах кислорода и
кремния, Н. А. Федоров и др., Ученые записки физического факультета Московского
государственного университета, 2, 1820205, 2018

9. Gamma-ray imaging with a time-modulated random coded aperture, Dongming Wang et al., Review of
Scientific Instruments, 90, American Institute of Physics (AIP), 2019, ISSN:0034-6748 (Print), 1089-7623
(Electronic), DOI:10.1063/1.5050211, 015107-1-015107-7. SJR:0.58

+ 10 conference reports

Yu.N.Kopatch, 50th meeting of the PAC for Nuclear Physics, 24-25 Jun 2019, JINR, Dubna, Russia 5

Main results obtained in 2017-2019:

Educational program

During the whole period of project realization:

• 2 PhD Theses were prepared and defended
• 11 Master and Bachelor Theses were prepared and defended

• 4 PhD Theses are currently being prepared

• more than 20 students from the Student Summer Programs
worked on the TANGRA facility

International cooperation

PhD students geography:

• 1 from China (defended)

• 1 from Egypt (defended)

• 1 from Russia

• 1 from Bulgaria

• 1 from Kazakhstan

• 1 from Azerbaijan Yu.N.Kopatch, PAC for Nuclear Physics 50-th Session 6

2020-2022

Measurement of characteristic gamma- 2020, I 2020, IV
1 spectra for various elements. Creation of 2020, I 2021, IV
2021, I 2022, III
database for identification of elements.

Construction of a prototype of a setup for
2 elemental analysis using TNM and high-

resolution detectors.

3 Experiments on the measurement of cross-
sections of (n,2n), (n, n) reactions.

Experiments to measure angular correlations
of gamma-ray and neutron emission in
4 reactions of inelastic neutron scattering by 2020, I 2022, IV
light nuclei. Processing of the experimental
data.

Development of a theoretical model to

5 describe angular correlations in inelastic 2021, I 2022, IV
2020, I 2022, IV
scattering of fast neutrons.

Development of a technique of searching for
diamonds in kimberlite ores using the tagged
6 neutron method. Design and development of

1024-pixel neutron generator (VNIIA).

7 Studies of the Martian soil model. 2020, I 2022, IV

Yu.N.Kopatch, PAC for Nuclear Physics 50-th Session 7

TANGRA: Publications in 2019

1. Fedorov, N. A., Tretyakova, T. Yu., Bystritsky, V. M., Kopach, Yu. N., Ruskov, I. N.,
Skoy, V. R., Grozdanov, D. N., Zamyatin, N. I., Dongming, W., Aliev, F. A., Hramco,
K., Kumar, A., Gandhi, A., Dabylova, S., Yurkov, D. I., Barmakov, Yu. N..
Investigation of Inelastic Neutron Scattering on 27Al Nuclei. Physics of Atomic Nuclei,
82, 4, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2019, ISSN:PRINT: 1063-7788; ONLINE: 1562-
692X, DOI: 10.1134/S1063778819040094, 297-304. SJR:0.28, ISI IF:1.04

2. Dongming Wang, Ivan N. Ruskov, Huasi Hu, Yuri N. Kopatch, Dimitar N.
Grozdanov, Nikita A. Fedorov, Fuad A. Aliyev. Gamma-ray imaging with a time-
modulated random coded aperture. Review of Scientific Instruments, 90, American
Institute of Physics (AIP), 2019, ISSN:0034-6748 (Print), 1089-7623 (Electronic),
DOI: 10.1063/1.5050211, 015107-1-015107-7. SJR:0.58, ISI IF:1.428

3. A. Gandhi, N.K. Rai, P.K. Prajapati, B.K. Nayak, A. Saxena, B.J. Roy, N.L. Singh, S.
Mukherjee, Yu.N. Kopatch, I.N. Ruskov, D.N. Grozdanov, N.A. Fedorov, A. Kumar.
Evaluation of the nuclear excitation functions of fast neutron-induced reactions on
52Cr and 56Fe isotopes. Indian Journal of Physics, 2019, ISSN:09749845, 09731458,
DOI:10.1007/s12648-019-01397-8, 1-7. SJR:0.31, ISI IF:0.967

2019
http://pleiades.online/ru/journal/nuclphys/

http://sciencejournals.ru/journal/izvfiz/

TANGRA: 2019 Conferences, workshops, symposiums, seminars, etc.

Научно мероприятие Докладчик, Тема

Dimitar Grozdanov

Angular distributions of gamma rays from the inelastic scattering of 14 MeV neutrons on

some light nuclei.

ISINN-27, 27-th International Seminar on Interaction Nikita Fedorov
of Neutrons with Nuclei: «Fundamental Interactions & Experimental data corrections estimation for TANGRA setup.
Neutrons, Nuclear Structure, Ultracold Neutrons,

Related Topics», June 10 - 14, 2019, Dubna, Russia, Fuad Aliyev

http://isinn.jinr.ru/past-isinns/isinn-27/program.html Application of x-ray fluorescence and instrumental neutron activation analysis to studies

of geological samples.

Nucleus-2019, LXIX International Conference Ivan Ruskov
on Nuclear Spectroscopy and Nuclear Structure, 1–5 Angular distribution of 1.368 MeV gamma-rays from inelastic scattering of 14.1 MeV
July 2019, Dubna, Russia, neutrons on 24Mg.
Yuri Kopatch
https://indico.jinr.ru/event/706/ Measurements of Gamma-ray Yields and Angular Correlations from Reactions Induced
material/12/0 by 14.1-MeV Neutrons using Tagged Neutron Method

Nikita Fedorov
Improvement of the Data Processing Technique in TANGRA setup

50th Meeting of the PAC for Nuclear Physics, 24-25 Yuri Kopatch

June 2019 Project TANGRA

Poster presentations by young scientists Dimitar Grozdanov
https://indico-test.jinr.ru/event/893/ Gamma-ray response function of NaI(Tl) and BGO scintillation detectors

Theory-5 - Nuclear Fission Dynamics and the N.A. Fedorov
Emission of Prompt Neutrons and Gamma Rays, Measurements of the gamma-ray yields from (n,xγ) reactions on the TANGRA setup
September 24-26, 2019, Barga, Italy, https://ec.europa.
eu/jrc/en/event/ workshop/ Theory-5 Ivan Ruskov
TANGRA Multidetector Systems for Investigation of Neutron-Nuclear Reactions at the
JINR Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics

ICNFNP-2019: International Conference on New Dimitar Grozdanov
Frontiers in Nuclear Physics, October 14-17, 2019, Gamma-ray response function of NaI(Tl) and BGO scintillation detectors
Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University,
Varanasi, India, https://icnfnp.in/ Nikita Fedorov
Measurements of gamma-ray yields and angular distributions from (n,xγ)-type reactions
using tagged neutron method

Nuclear fission dynamics Fragment properties and nuclear de-
excitation Prompt neutron and gamma-ray emission Isomer
ratios, shape isomer population Data needs for improved fission
modelling Modelling for nuclear and non-nuclear applications

https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/sites/jrcsh/files/2019-
0924_theory_5_announcement.pdf

JINR TANGRA

COLLABORATION

ING-27 power sup. NaI(Tl) Romashka PC ADCM 32 chan

Everything is possible
with a proper team

Design and development of the tagged
neutron method for determination of the

elemental structure of materials and
nuclear reaction studies

d + t → 4He ( 3.5 МeV ) + n ( 14.1 МeV )

1st TANGRA BARN-14.1 Meeting Sample

ING-27 Gamma
Detector

Neutron
Detector

Measured Quantities:

-Time-of-flight (n-gamma separation, background rejection)
- Pulse shape (n-gamma separation)
- Angle of emission of the incident neutron and secondary

particle (neutron or gamma)

Basic and Applied Neutron-Nuclear Physics JINR (FLNP, VBLHEP, DLNP, LRB), Dubna, Russia TANGRA Collaboration, tangra.collaboration @ mail.ru
VNIIA (Moscow, Russia)
Neutron induced Nuclear Reaction Characteristics Diamant LLC, Dubna, Russia Project Leader: Y.N. Kopatch, kopatch @ nf.jinr.ru
Nuclear Astrophysics (Fusion in Tokamak and Stars SINP-Moscow State University (Russia)
Neutron-Nuclear Reactions in Advance Reactors INRNE-BAS (Sofia, Bulgaria) Former Project Vice-Leader: V.M. Bystritsky
Nuclear Forensics ( Explosives, Drugs, Fissile Materials) IC-ASM (Chisinau, Moldova)
Art, Archelogy , Mining (Diamonds, Coke) IGGP-ANAS (Baku, Azerbaijan) Coordinator: I.N. Ruskov, ivan.n.ruskov @ gmail.com
Nuclear Geophysics and Planetology (Water on Mars) DP-Banaras Hindu University (Varanasi, India)
Neutron Imaging, Radiography and Tomography SEPE, Xi’an Jiaotong University (China) Address: http://flnph.jinr.ru/en/facilities/tangra-project
Neutron-Nuclear Medicine (Cancer treatment) Alexandria University (Egypt)
University of Novi Sad (Serbia) Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics (FLNF)
Ruđer Bošković Institute (Zagreb, Croatia)
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR)

Joliot Curie str. 6, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia

https://www.facebook.com/Tangra-News-1705174506183427/

JINR Multidetector, multipurpose,
multifunctional, mobile systems,
http://flnph.jinr.ru/en/facilities/tangra-project to study the characteristics of the
products from the nuclear reaction
NaI(Tl) Romashka BGO Romasha induced by 14 MeV tagged neutrons

HPGe Romasha

TANGRA Setups consist of a portable generator of “tagged” neutrons with an energy of 14.1 MeV, ING-27, with or without an iron shield-collimator, 2D fast neutron beam
profilometer, arrays of neutron-gamma detectors in geometry of daisy-flower (Romashka, Romasha, HPGe), a computerized system for data acquisition and analysis (DAQ).

Number of NaI(Tl) detectors: 22 Number of BGO detectors: 18 Number of HPGe detectors: 1
Size of NaI(Tl) crystals: hexagonal prism 78 x 90 x 200 mm Size of BGO crystals: cylinder  76 x 65 mm Type: Ortec® GMX 30-83-PL-S, f57.5 x 66.6 mm
PMT type: Hamamatsu R1306 PMT type: Hamamatsu R1307 Gamma-ray Energy-resolution ~ 3.4 % @ 0.662 MeV
Gamma-ray Energy-resolution ~ 7.2 % @ 0.662 MeV Gamma-ray Energy-resolution ~ 10.4 % @ 0.662 MeV Gamma-ray Energy-resolution ~ 0.3 % @ 4.437 MeV
Gamma-ray Energy-resolution ~ 3.6 % @ 4.437 MeV Gamma-ray Energy-resolution ~ 4.0 % @ 4.437 MeV Gamma-ray Time-resolution ~ 6.1 ns @ 4.4437MeV
Gamma-ray Time-resolution ~ 3.8 ns @ 4.437 MeV Gamma-ray Time-resolution ~ 4.1 ns @ 4.437 MeV



The 14-MeV neutron is tagged in time and direction by detecting the associated a-particle,
emitted in opposite direction

Segmented ING-27 DT-neutrons
Alpha-detector Tritium

Start Target 14.1 MeV: 5 cm/ns Voxel

PA Ln neutron

Alpha-particles Deuteron beam
3.5 MeV: 1.3 cm/ns
Gamma detectors

Registration of coincidence between alpha-particle and gamma-detectors

Stop

https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0168900218316255-gr1_lrg.jpg

The 14-MeV neutron is tagged in time and direction by detecting the associated a-particle,
emitted in opposite direction

Segmented ING-27 DT-neutrons
Alpha-detector Tritium 14.1 MeV: 5 cm/ns

Start Target

PA Ln neutron Voxel 1
Deuteron beam
Alpha-particles Gammas
3.5 MeV: 1.3 cm/ns

Registration of coincidence between alpha-particle and gamma-detectors

Stop Analysis:
Cone ©

Cone slice ©/dt

Radiography (2D) ©/(x,y)

Tomography (3D) ©/(x,y)/dt

https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0168900218316255-gr1_lrg.jpg

Based on a
sealed DT-tube

http://www.vniia.ru/eng/production/neitronnie-generatory/neytronnye-generatory.php

124

n TiT
279
a

147

162

227

TiT-to-front distance : 44.0 ± 1.4 mm Double-side Si a-particles detector

TiT-to-a-detector distance: 100 ± 2 mm Number of pixels: 64 (8x8 strips)
Power supply voltage: 200 ± 5 V Pixel area: 6x6 mm2

Max Power Supply Current: 300 ± 30 mV Distance between strips: 0.5 mm

Consumed Power: < 40 W Voltage bias: -250V DC

Continuous Mode: 14-MeV neutrons Dark current: < 8mA

Initial Intensity: > 5.0 x 107 n/s/4p n-tube life-time: > 800 h

Final Intensity: > 2.5 x 107 n/s/4p < ING Duty time >: 18 months

Weight: ING-27: 7.5 ± 0.5 kg ; Power Supply and Operation Unit: 2.7 ± 0.3 kg

22 NaI(Tl) detectors 18 BGO detectors

1 − neutron Physical shielding
source (ING-27), of the detectors
2 – iron shield-
collimator of
neutrons and γ -
rays,
3 – NaI(Tl)
scintillation
detectors of γ -
rays and
neutrons,
4 – carbon (12C)
test target
sample.

Electronic “shielding”: using coincidence

to select useful events

Yu.N.Kopatch, PAC for Nuclear Physics 50-th Session 20

http://flnph.jinr.ru/en/facilities/tangra-project

1 − neutron source (ING-27), 2 – iron Number of NaI(Tl) detectors: 22
shield-collimator of neutrons and γ - NaI(Tl) crystals: hexagonal prism (78 x 90 x 200 mm)
rays, 3 – NaI(Tl) scintillation detectors PMT type: Hamamatsu R1306
of γ -rays and neutrons, 4 – carbon Gamma-ray Energy-resolution ~ 7.2% @ 0.662 MeV
(12C) test target (sample). Gamma-ray Energy-resolution ~ 3.6% @ 4.437 MeV
Gamma-ray Time-resolution ~ 3.8ns @ 4.437 MeV



32-channel digitizer, 3 4 Number of NaI(Tl)
in the form of 2 PCI-E detectors: 22
cards. Fe
22 NaI(Tl) crystals:
Sampling frequency: hexagonal prism
100 MHz 1 (78 x 90 x 200 mm)

The digitized signals are PMT type:
transmitted via the PCI- Hamamatsu R1306
E bus in the computer's
memory, where all the DE ~7.2% @ 0.662 MeV
data processing and DE ~3.6% @ 4.437 MeV
storage takes place. Dt ~3.8ns @ 4.437 MeV

Maximum load of the 3
system is ~ 105 events
per second

5



14o 14o

Number of BGO detectors: 18
BGO crystals: cylinder (76 x 65 mm)
PMT type: Hamamatsu R1307
Gamma-ray Energy-resolution ~ 10.4% @ 0.662 MeV
Gamma-ray Energy-resolution ~ 4.0% @ 4.437 MeV
Gamma-ray Time-resolution ~ 4.1ns @ 4.437 MeV

http://flnph.jinr.ru/en/facilities/tangra-project

Bi
Fe

Al Al

Pb

HPGe detector:
Type: Ortec®GMX 30-83-PL-S, f57.5 x 66.6 mm
Gamma-ray Energy-resolution ~ 3.4% @ 0.662 MeV
Gamma-ray Energy-resolution ~ 0.3% @ 4.437 MeV
Gamma-ray Time-resolution ~ 6.1 ns @ 4.4437MeV

ADCM-16

16/32/48-channel digitizers, in the form of one or several PCI-E cards.

Sampling frequency 100 MHz

The digitized signals are transmitted via the PCI-E bus in the computer's memory,
where all the data processing and storage takes place.

Maximum load of the system is ~ 105 events per second

2011 2015

16/32/48/64-channel 14 bit digitizers, 2018
in the form of one or several PCI-E cards.
http://afi.jinr.ru/ADCM16
Sampling frequency 100 MHz
The digitized signals are transmitted via the PCI-E
bus in the computer's memory, where all the data

processing and storage takes place.
Maximum load ~ 105 events/second/channel

32-channel Digital Signal Recorder DSR-32

ЦРС-32
Alpatov S.V.

Mini crate

• 200 MHz sampling, 11 bit
• USB-3 connection
• ~105 event/sec for each input channel
• can work with HPGe detectors





Left peak correspond to -quanta emitted by INS in collimator,
Middle peak corresponds to -quanta emitted inside sample,
Right peak corresponds to neutrons that strikes the detector.

Construction of a silicon two-dimensional position-sensitive fast neutron
detector for beam profile measurement

2D-detector, made of 4 double-sided
stripped position-sensitive Si-detectors

Each Si detector consists of 32x32 strips ~1.8 mm thick
Size of one detector: 60x60mmm
Total size: 120x120 mm
Thickness: 300 mkm
Neutron detection efficiency: ~0.8%
At this stage each 8 strips are grouped together
forming a matrix 8x8 with a pixel size of ~1.5x1.5 cm

F.Aliev et al, Ireported at SINN-25 Dubna, May 22–26 2017

Measurements of tagged neutron beams profiles

https://www.gen-4.org/gif/upload/docs/application/pdf/2015-06/1-1-1_icone_23_jek_presentation_may_18_2015.pdf

Dr. Paul W. Lisowski The complexity of the fission process leads to a very large number of
[email protected]
observables that must be measured in order
to improve our understanding of the underlying physics and
to contribute to nuclear data needed in a wide array of applied
programs.
Measurements range from relatively straight-forward
neutron cross sections to neutron and gamma ray multiplicities,
fission fragment yield curves and beyond.

Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA

https://t2.lanl.gov/fiesta2017/FIESTA2017_BookOfAbstracts.pdf

Methodological

Fundamental
Applied

Methodological

Fundamental
Applied

Methodological

Fundamental
Applied

Translated from Atomnaya The study of the inelastic scattering of
Energiya 4, 132 (1958). fast neutrons is of considerable
theoretical and practical importance.

From the theoretical point of view such
studies provide information about the
levels of stable nuclei.

The practical value of these studies is
due to the importance of inelastically
scattered neutrons in the operation of fast
neutron reactors.

A knowledge of the spectra of the
inelastically scattered neutrons and
gamma-rays is essential to the provision
of a sound theory of fast reactors.

GOWTZEL G. et al., Proceedings of the First International
Conference on the Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, Geneva,
1955. Vol. 5, p. 472. United Nations, New York (1956).
OKWNT D., AVERY R. and HUMMEL H. Proceedings of
the First International Conference on the Peaceful Uses of
Atomic Energy, Geneva, 1955. Vol. 5, p. 347. United Nations,
New York (1956)

Design and development of the tagged
neutron method for determination of the

elemental structure of materials and
nuclear reaction studies

d + t → 4He ( 3.5 МeV ) + n ( 14.1 МeV )

1st TANGRA BARN-14.1 Meeting Sample

ING-27 Gamma
Detector

Neutron
Detector

Measured Quantities:

-Time-of-flight (n-gamma separation, background rejection)
- Pulse shape (n-gamma separation)
- Angle of emission of the incident neutron and secondary

particle (neutron or gamma)

Basic and Applied Neutron-Nuclear Physics JINR (FLNP, VBLHEP, DLNP, LRB), Dubna, Russia TANGRA Collaboration, tangra.collaboration @ mail.ru
VNIIA (Moscow, Russia)
Neutron induced Nuclear Reaction Characteristics Diamant LLC, Dubna, Russia Project Leader: Y.N. Kopatch, kopatch @ nf.jinr.ru
Nuclear Astrophysics (Fusion in Tokamak and Stars SINP-Moscow State University (Russia)
Neutron-Nuclear Reactions in Advance Reactors INRNE-BAS (Sofia, Bulgaria) Former Project Vice-Leader: V.M. Bystritsky
Nuclear Forensics ( Explosives, Drugs, Fissile Materials) IC-ASM (Chisinau, Moldova)
Art, Archelogy , Mining (Diamonds, Coke) IGGP-ANAS (Baku, Azerbaijan) Coordinator: I.N. Ruskov, ivan.n.ruskov @ gmail.com
Nuclear Geophysics and Planetology (Water on Mars) DP-Banaras Hindu University (Varanasi, India)
Neutron Imaging, Radiography and Tomography SEPE, Xi’an Jiaotong University (China) Address: http://flnph.jinr.ru/en/facilities/tangra-project
Neutron-Nuclear Medicine (Cancer treatment) Alexandria University (Egypt)
University of Novi Sad (Serbia) Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics (FLNF)
Ruđer Bošković Institute (Zagreb, Croatia)
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR)

Joliot Curie str. 6, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia

https://www.facebook.com/Tangra-News-1705174506183427/

Angular distribution of 1.368 MeV
gamma-rays from inelastic scattering of

14.1 MeV neutrons on 24Mg

I.N. Ruskov for TANGRA collaboration

Diamonds, Explosive, Drugs
chemical warfare

SNM

Rotation band 24Mg* Level Diagram The measurement of angular
distributions of gamma rays
Ground state rotation bandKp 2+ produced in the inelastic
scattering of neutrons with nuclei
Kp 0+ is one of the important
experimental means of studying
the nuclear level schemes.

A systematic study over nuclei of
different elements can lead to an
insight into the nuclear reaction
mechanisms.
A comparison of the experimental
excitation functions and angular
distributions with the Hauser-
Feshbach and Satchler formalisms,
checks the validity of the
statistical assumption in the
compound nucleus formation.

In this direction, the study of
nucleon interactions with light
nuclei is of great interest from
early 60s till now.

24Mg is a classic cluster nucleus

C. Beck, Recent Experimental Results
on Nuclear Cluster Physics, 2016

https://arxiv.org/pdf/1608.03190.pdf

The calculations of Marsh and Rae using the Brink model show that the ground state of 24Mg can be
viewed as two 12C nuclei in juxtaposition. In a certain sense, therefore, it is not too surprising that
the low-lying levels of nuclei such as 24Mg can be modelled as two interacting 12C nuclei.
The internal energy levels and the electromagnetic transition strengths between them can be taken to
be those for real, free 12C nuclei.

D.M. Brink, in Proc. Int. School of Physics “Enrico Fermi”, course XXXVI,
S. Marsh and W.D.M. Rae, Phys. Lett. B153 (1985) 21 Varenna, 1965, ed. C. Bloch (Academic Press, New York, 1966) p.247

Matrix A.1: National Security + Counter-Proliferation + Nuclear Energy

Nuclides and Topic

H, Li, Be, B, N, O, Mg, Al, Si, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Ga, Zr,
Nb, Mo, Eu, Gd, Ta, W, Ir, Pt, Au, Pb, Po, Ra, Th, U, Np, Pu,
Am:
Isotopes of these elements have been prioritized by
Nonproliferation and Homeland Security funding agencies:
Improved data and corresponding evaluations are required to
meet the demands of several applications of societal interest,
including: transport modeling of unknown assemblies, NDA to
enable reliable accounting for SNM, detection of contraband
substances and explosives, radiation shielding design and
characterization, and institutionalizing a “Safeguards by
Design” approach in the development of clean, cost-effective,
proliferation-resistant nuclear reactor facilities, enrichment,
fuel-fabrication and reprocessing plants. Systematic
experimental campaigns based on this set isotopes will greatly
facilitate this need, and are described in turn.

Precise -ray energy data and their corresponding total and partial
radiative-capture (n,) cross sections, particularly for primary
gamma rays, are needed for the EGAF library.
New measurements for separated isotopes are especially required
from thermal incident neutron energies to 20 MeV.

These unique gamma-ray signatures are essential for ENDF to create complete and accurate libraries for
nonproliferation applications predicated on credible high-fidelity data authentication.
The actinides for which there are no primaries in ENDF are a particular concern.

Matrix A.1: National Security + Counter-Proliferation + Nuclear Energy

Nuclides and Topic

(n,n) and Cross Sections, Angular Distributions and Correlations:

Another recurring need was for accurate modeling of neutron elastic and inelastic scattering,
not just on actinides, but also on structural materials. Both the cross sections and outgoing
angular distributions are needed. These data are important in small systems in which neutron
leakage plays an outsized role.

In studies of innovative materials as structural or fuel components, modern nuclear data
evaluations and precision measurements of fast-neutron cross sections for structural materials
and coolants are often missing or inadequate.

For example, inelastic scattering cross sections are required for important system-dependent
structural materials, coolants, and inert fuel elements. (The elements involved include Na, Mg,
Si, Fe, Mo, Zr, Pb, and Bi.) As a specific example, an accurate determination of the sodium void
coefficient of an SFR (Sodium Fast Reactor) requires improvements in the inelastic scattering
cross sections for 23Na, as well as a complete covariance treatment. A careful reevaluation of
uncertainties is definitely needed for materials associated with accident-tolerant fuels.



Mg-alloy steel is а structural
material in the design of Gen-
IV nuclear power reactor
design

MgO-based inert matrix fuel
for a minor actinide recycling
in a fast reactor cycle

It is mandatory to have a
good knowledge of the
neutron-induced reactions
on 24Mg

A. Olacel, C. Borcea, P. Dessagne, M.
Kerveno, A. Negret, and A. J. M.
Plompen, Neutron inelastic cross-section
measurements for 24Mg, Phys. Rev. C 90,
034603 (2014)

208Pb 12C 56Fe 209Bi 27Al

10 x 10 x 5 cm3

Pb, C, Fe, Bi, Al, SiO2, ND Ti, Mg, Ca, Zn, Ni, Sn, KCl, NaCl, MnO2

Distance of ~75cm from ING-27 Distance – 12.5 cm from ING-27

Covered one pixel of the tagged neutron beam

Size – optimized using Monte Carlo calculations to cover maximal number of

tagged neutron beams and minimize the correction for gamma self-absorption

CaO TiO2 MnO 3.58 g/cm³

SiO2 MgO