TANGRA Systems_INRNE-26.11.2019-en+

Isotope Relative Isotopic Abundance

Natural Uranium Depleted Uranium
By Activity
By Weight By Activity By Weight
83.7%
45mm U-238 99.282% 48.8% 99.8% 1.1%
15.2%
U-235 0.712% 2.4% 0.2%

f 60 mm U-234 0.0057% 48.8% 0.001%

40mm 1237.4g f 45 mm
50mm
~8 mSv/h

2935,4 g

2935.4g

~18 mSv/h

60mm

22.02.1960

Stable isotopes: 24Mg (78.99%), 25Mg (10.00%) and 26Mg (11.01%)

•It is the 8th most common element •Magnesium carbonate (MgCo3)
in the earth's crust, but is the most •Magnesium chloride (MgCl2)
commercially used element: •Magnesium diboride (MgB2)
Photography flash products, Bombs, Signal •Magnesium fluoride (MgF2)
flares, Medicines, Insulation, Paper, •Magnesium hydroxide [Mg(OH)2]
Fabrics, Cements, Ceramics, Cosmetics
•It is obtained from seawater. •Magnesium nitrate [Mg(NO3)2]
•It is a very flammable metal. •Magnesium oxide (MgO)
•The center of chlorophyll contains
magnesium.
•Pouring water on burning
magnesium will increase the fire and
can cause explosions.
•Magnesium oxide is the byproduct of
burning magnesium and can cause
respiratory problems like asthma or
emphysema.

•Magnesium peroxide (MgO2)
•Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4)

•Purity: 90-99.9% 99.9% ≥ 96.5% https://hobart.k12.in.us/ksms/PeriodicTable/magnesium.htm

Stable isotopes: 24Mg (78.99%), 25Mg (10.00%) and 26Mg (11.01%)

In plants, magnesium is necessary for synthesis of chlorophyll and photosynthesis.

It is an essential mineral nutrient (i.e., element) for life and is present in every cell type
in every organism.

1966 A STUDY OF INELASTIC SCATTERING
OF 14-MeV NEUTRONS BY LIGHT AND

INTERMEDIATE NUCLEI
B. A. Benetskii

CHAPTER II Measurements of the Cross
Section for Inelastic Scattering of 14-MeV
Neutrons by Mg24 , Al21 , Si28 , and Fe56

http://www.jetp.ac.ru/cgi-bin/dn/e_018_03_0640.pdf

http://www.jetp.ac.ru/cgi-bin/dn/e_018_03_0640.pdf

http://www.jetp.ac.ru/cgi-bin/dn/e_018_03_0640.pdf

http://www.jetp.ac.ru/cgi-bin/dn/e_017_02_0309.pdf

NENUETRUOTNRDOETNECTDOERTECTOR

NEUTRON DETECTOR

Counts The principal magnesium isotope, 24Mg, has

the gamma ray a well-known level at 1.370 MeV.

spectrum from 24Mg The figure shows that this level is strongly
at an angle of 60 ° excited by neutron inelastic scattering.
There are gamma-rays present of energy 1.62
and the

corresponding

103 background spectrum MeV and 1.81 MeV.
observed without the These are very likely from 25Mg and 26Mg,

target. respectively, since the agreement of the

energies with those of known levels in these

isotopes is excellent.

25Mg is known to have lower-lying levels as

well, but the high background from the

Compton spectrum of the 1.37-Mev gamma

ray and from neutron interactions in the

crystal precluded these from being observed.

+ + = + = + = + = ( , ′) ∗

՜

NEUTRON DETECTOR
NEUTRON DETECTOR

Time-correlated Gamma-ray
Gamma-ray Energy-correlated
Energy-spectra Timing-spectra

9000

24Mg(n,n)24Mg*

8000

7000

Counts 6000 1368.6 keV
5000

4000

3000 1820 keV (26Mg)
2000
1000 2754.8 keV 3866.2 keV
4238.0 keV

1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000

Energy, keV

relative to the direction of the incident neutrons are symmetric around 90°

2.0 Satchler (1956) 14.1 MeV

Abbondanno et al. (1972) 14.2 MeV 24Mg (n, n'  )

Fedorov et al. (20187) 14.1 MeV

Relative anisotropy 1.8 Benetskii et al. (1964) 14 MeV

1.6

1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8
15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165

G. R. Satchler, Phys. Rev. 104 (1956) 104 q Lab (deg)

Ъглового разпределение е симетрично по отношение на 90°

Satchler (1964) 14.7 MeV

2.0 Abbondanno et al. (1972) 14.2 MeV

Fedorov et al. (2017) 14.1 MeV 24Mg (n, n'  )

Benetskii et al. (1964) 14 MeV

Relative anisotropy 1.8 Hosou et al. (1959) 2.95 MeV
Donahue et al. (1964) 2.6 MeV

1.6

1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8
15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165

q (deg)D.J. Donahue and R.D. Roberts, Nuclear Physics 50 (1964) 641
lab

2.0 12C (n,n'), 2+ -> 0+, E = 4439.82 keV, 2016
24Mg (n,n'), 2+ -> 0+, E = 1368.67 keV, 2017

Relative Anisotropy 1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

q lab (degree)

NaI(Tl) HPGe -detectors

Counts104
NaI(Tl)-MgO
HPGe-MgO
HPGe-Mg

103 60x60x140

125

102

101 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000
0
Energy, keV

24Mg(n,nγ) (q) = + q + q

Eγ = 1368.6 кэВ Eγ = 3866.1 кэВ

60x60x140
125

Eγ = 4237.9 кэВ Eγ = 2754.0 кэВ

Eγ = 4641.2 кэВ Eγ = 350.5 кэВ
24Mg(n,α)21Ne

Diamonds, Explosive, Drugs
chemical warfare

SNM

14

L. Qi, M. Lebois, J. N. Wilson, A. Chatillon, S.
Courtin, G. Fruet, G. Georgiev, D. G. Jenkins, B.
Laurent, L. Le Meur, A. Maj, P. Marini, I. Matea,
L. Morris, V. Nanal, P. Napiorkowski, A.
Oberstedt, S. Oberstedt, C. Schmitt, O. Serot, M.
Stanoiu, and B. Wasilewska, Statistical study of the
prompt-fission γ-ray spectrum for 238U(n,f) in the
fast-neutron region, Phys. Rev. C 98, (2018)
014612, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.98.014612.
Ref. Exp:
J-M. Laborie, G. Belier, and J. Taieb,
Phys. Proc. 31,13 (2012).

Ref. Exp.
Laborie, J.-M., Belier, G., Taieb, J., 2012.
Physics Procedia 31, 13–20.
Laborie, J.-M., 2014. Private communication.
A. Oberstedt, P. Halipré, F.-J. Hambsch, M. Lebois, S. Oberstedt, J.N. Wilson, Prompt fission γ-ray spectra characteristics -
systematics and predictions, THEORY-3, Physics Procedia 64 (2015) 91-100, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phpro.2015.04.012.

For the neutron inelastic scattering reaction (n, n’), there are 88 energy levels for the excited 238U nucleus.

Neutron-Induced Partial Gamma-Ray Cross-Section Measurements

on Uranium

by Anthony Lloyd Hutcheson http://www.tunl.duke.edu/nucldata/Theses/PhD/Hutcheson_2008.pdf

Pb

HPGe detector:
Type: Ortec®GMX 30-83-PL-S,

f 57.5 x 66.6 mm

Gamma-ray Energy-resolution:
~ 3.4% @ 0.662 MeV
~ 0.3% @ 4.437 MeV

Gamma-ray Time-resolution
~ 6.1 ns @ 4.4437 MeV

Al

Counts 105 ING-27, Dt = 2h

238U-sample, 2935.4g
bkg, no U-sample

104 Al-sample/10

net Spectrum/30

103

102

101

100 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000
0

Gamma energy, keV

Counts 105 ING-27, Dt = 2h
104 238U-sample, 2935.4g
103 bkg, no U-sample
102 Al-sample/10
101 net Spectrum/30
100
500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
0
Gamma energy, keV

Scintillation https://www.arl.army.mil/arlreports/2009/ARL-TR-4990.pdf
Spectroscopy
for Detection
of Depleted
Uranium by
J. T. Mlack
and M. S.
Litz,
ARL-TR-
4990
September
2009

Figure 1. Comparison of DU gamma-ray spectra taken by HPGe and NaI detectors. The graph is of the number of Counts recorded vursus
Energy of the counts. The spectrum recorded by the NaI detector is less well-defined but it observes recognizable energy peaks and overall
more counts which can be used for data evaluation. Marked are some of the energy peaks used in this report, i.e., the 1001 keV Pa-234 m line
and the U-238 X-ray and gamma lines around 94 keV.

258.26 keV
766.36 keV
1001.03

295.2 keV
351.9 keV

609.3 keV
1120.3 keV
1764.5 keV

Karpius, Peter Joseph, The Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Associated Gamma-Ray Signatures, LA-UR-15-28596, 2015,
https://permalink.lanl.gov/object/tr?what=info:lanl-repo/lareport/LA-UR-15-28596

Passive gamma-ray spectrum of 238U rod on the 60–680 keV ING-27, Dt = 2h
The asterisks indicate energies from 235U and its daughters while 238U-sample, 2935.4g
the remainder peaks indicate energies from 238U and its daughters. bkg, no U-sample
Al-sample/10
105 net Spectrum/10

Counts 104

235U
84.2*

185.7*
143.7*
163.3* 205.3* 234Pa
258.26

103 98.4
92.4+92.8+94.7
63.3 111.3+114.7

60 70 80 90100 200 300 400 500 600

Gamma energy, keV

106 ING-27, Dt = 2h
238U-sample, 2935.4g
Passive gamma-ray spectrum of 238U rod bkg, no U-sample
on the 680–2000 keV. The peaks indicate Al-sample/10
energies from 238U and its daughters. net Spectrum/30

105

104

Counts 103

1001.3 1764.5
234mPa 214Bi 1831.3
1737.1
102

742.8 786.3

766.4 883.2 946
234mPa
101
926.7 1125.7
1434.1
1193.8
1237.2 1510.2
1553.7
100

750 900 1050 1200 1350 1500 1650 1800 1950

Gamma energy, keV

natU(n, n)

Isotope Relative Isotopic Abundance

U-238 Natural Uranium Depleted Uranium
U-235 By Activity
U-234 By Weight By Activity By Weight
83.7%
99.282% 48.8% 99.8% 1.1%
15.2%
0.712% 2.4% 0.2%

0.0057% 48.8% 0.001%

125 126o
na

14o



Ajay Nikita Saltanat Vadim Dimitar Aman
Fedorov Dabylova Skoy Grozdanov Sharma

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Dashkov Kumar

Aman
Gandhi

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