Multi-Storey Smart Home System : A Case Study at Rivervale Condominium, Kuching

A CASE STUDY OF DEPARTMENT OF QUANTITY SURVEYING
RIVERVALE CONDOMINIUM, KUCHING. FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND
SURVEYING
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA, SHAH ALAM

MULTI-STOREY SMART
HOME SYSTEM

P R E P A R E D F O R : DR. NOOR AKMAL ADILLAH ISMAIL

INTRODUCING

NURSOFIAH BINTI MOHAMAD NIZAL
(2021112529)



NUR FATIN THARWATI HUDA BINTI
MOHAMMAD
(2021124453)

GROUP

EIAN FARAHIN BT JA'AFAR
(2021393425)



NUR ATIQAH SYUHADA BINTI ABD
SALAM

(2021393479)



ALYA NASRIN BINTI HUSSIN
(2021393557)

MEMBERS

CONTENTS

1.0 I N T R O D U C T I O N 1

2.0 OVERVIEW OF 3
CASE STUDY

3.0 FIRE PROTECTION 5
SYSTEM

4.0 ELECTRICAL 17
SUPPLY SYSTEM

5.0 SPECIAL SERVICE 25
SYSTEM

MECHANICAL 33

6.0 H A N D L I N G

SYSTEM

MECHANICAL 41

7.0 VENTILATION
AND AIR-

CONDITIONING

SYSTEM

8.0 BUILDING 51
REGULATIONS

9.0 C O N C L U S I O N 55

10.0 R E F E R E N C E S 56

1.0 INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION

This project serves as an introduction to basic building services
by undertaking an in-depth case study of an actual completed building.
It requires the investigation of building systems applied on a larger
scale structure such that the apprehension of principles and regulations
may be applied in future design studio considerations. This will ensure
all future projects and designs will be inclusive of all necessary systems
and service to establish a practical and safe building.

The Internet is the main source for us to obtain the data and
information regarding the building in Kuching. Rivervale Condominium
Kuching is a smart home project which is 900sqft with 2 bedrooms. As
part of this project, five basic building services are investigated, namely:
Fire protection system (active and passive), Electrical supply system,
Special service system, Mechanical handling system and Mechanical
ventilation and air-conditioning system.

1 MULTI-STOREY SMART HOME SYSTEM

Example of smart home 1.0 INTRODUCTION

In the end, this project has provided us with a substantial
amount of knowledge on building services and systems. The
knowledge shall provide us with the wisdom necessary to undertake
and tackle future projects with an in-depth understanding on how
buildings should function to serve its occupants. It will also serve as a
foundation to influence building design and to examine technical
issues with other professionals involved in the construction industry.

INTRODUCTION 2

2.0 OVERVIEW OF CASE STUDY Project name: Rivervale Residences

Developer: CMS Property Development
Sdn. Bhd.

Rivervale Residences is a semi-detached leasehold home
development. It is a two-story semi-detached house complex with an
elegant design. In this project, there are a total of 77 apartments
available. Lor Stutong, Kuching Sarawak, is where the semi-detached
homes are located. CMS Property Development Sdn Bhd is the developer
of this project. CMS Property Development Sdn Bhd is a small, privately
held real estate company that has completed three real estate projects in
Malaysia.

Rivervale Residences is built in a desirable area. It is really elegantly
designed and has a very modern idea. It is really big and has all of the
newest conveniences. The idea is aimed at families that are searching for
a big and pleasant living area. The main bedroom is huge, and the view
from the balcony, which overlooks the river, is breath-taking. A lot of
natural light comes in thanks to the high ceiling and large windows. It
also has an automatic gate.

Rivervale Residences residents have easy access to the surrounding
area's facilities. Residents with cars can readily commute to town for
various services, and the trip takes around 10 to 15 minutes through
801-2A Jalan Tun Jugah. Rivervale Residences is also surrounded by
several facilities due to its excellent location. Schools, restaurants, clinics,
and supermarkets are among the nearby facilities that people may easily
reach.

3 MULTI-STOREY SMART HOME SYSTEM

Entrance View of 2.0 OVERVIEW OF CASE STUDY
Rivervale

Condominium, Kuching









Bird’s eye view of
Rivervale

Condominium,
Kuching



Map view of
Rivervale

Condominium,
Kuching







OVERVIEW OF CASE STUDY 4

3.0 FIRE
PROTECTION

SYSTEM

5

3.1 PASSIVE FIRE 3.03.FI0RFIERPERPORTOETCETICOTINOSNYSYTSETMEM

PROTECTION SYSTEM

When correctly designed and maintained, the building's passive
fire protection may save lives and assets, as well as the structure
itself, by compartmentalizing fire and preventing collapse through
structural fire resistance.

Passive fire protection is integrated into the structure to offer stability, as
well as into the walls and floors to divide the building into compartments
with controllable danger. These places are meant to contain the spread of a
fire, allowing inhabitants to flee and firefighters to be protected. The
materials used to create the building give this protection, or it can be added
to the structure to improve its fire resistance. There are three (3) types of
passive fire protection system (PFPS), which are compartmentation, means
of escape and smoke control.

Types of passive fire protection system 6

PASSIVE FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM

3.1 PASSIVE FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM 3.1.1 MEANS OF
ESCAPE

The first step in creating a passive fire protection system
should be to provide a safe escape path. To do so, it will be
required to safeguard a specific exit path known as the 'escape
route' or 'evacuation route,' which is described as a safe way
(horizontal and vertical) for individuals to move from any area
in the building or structure to a safe location without requiring
outside aid. Not only must escape routes allow the safe
evacuation of persons who are in danger of being burned
alive. The path must also allow fire brigades to reach the
structure quickly and effectively to extinguish the fire or search
for those still trapped inside.

Signage fire exit route

7 MULTI-STOREY SMART HOME SYSTEM

The primary design guideline for escape routes is that the time 3.1 PASSIVE FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM
available for escape should be greater than the time required for
escape. According to research, it takes significantly longer for
individuals to detect a fire, take action, and escape than we may
expect. This is why the escape path should be able to withstand
fire for a considerably longer period of time than one may expect.
The evacuation of elderly or handicapped persons requires
specific attention since they will require extra care, time, or
departure options. Furthermore, the safety of the fire brigade or
rescue teams must be considered. They must be able to evacuate
people in the safest possible manner, fighting and extinguish the
fire in order to save lives, and maintain the structure.

The escape route should be Example signage fire exit route
thought of as a in building
compartment within the
building, which can be
horizontal (corridors or
rooms) or vertical
(stairwells) (stairs or, in
some cases, elevator shafts).
As a result, they must be
realized with equipment and
systems that provide a
particular level of fire
resistance in terms of
integrity (E), insulation (I),
and, in certain situations,
even radiation (W).

MEANS OF ESCAPE 8

3.1 PASSIVE FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM EVACUATION
PROCEDURE

Warning and notifying people, selecting safe sites, accounting for
individuals, and, if required, giving support for people to reach the
safe regions are all part of an evacuation. All of this is frequently done
on short notice and under harsh conditions. For many firms, the
evacuation procedure may be fairly simple, with all required people
understanding how to leave safely thanks to sufficient training and
practice. However, getting individuals out of a harmful situation and
into a safe area may be complicated and challenging, especially in
situations where there are vulnerable people.

Each building will present Example evacuation plan
distinct issues in emergency
evacuation due to variances
in building design,
construction, fire escape
design, usage, and
population, and these
considerations will also
influence whether
evacuation should be
phased or simultaneous. As
part of the overall fire risk
management regime, it is
critical that the responsible
person prepares and
practices an adequate
evacuation strategy.

9 MULTI-STOREY SMART HOME SYSTEM

When creating an evacuation method, a variety of elements 3.1 PASSIVE FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM
must be taken into account.

An evacuation might involve anywhere from one to Numbers
hundreds of individuals, with vulnerable persons and
such as the very young, very elderly, or those with categories of
mobility issues included. Visitors, contractors, and occupants
temporary employees who are unfamiliar with the
premises may react differently than those who are
more familiar with the procedures.

Location The location of the property may have an influence on the
processes to be followed and where to evacuate to; for
example, in metropolitan areas, choosing an appropriate
place of safety/assembly point can be challenging and may
include moving some distance from the building and
crossing busy, main roads.

The type of property and the activities conducted within it Property
will have an impact on evacuation processes; for example, type
in high-rise or huge buildings, phased evacuation may be
required. The kind and number of persons who may be
participating in the evacuation will be influenced by the type
of property.

Time, welfare The length of time that relevant persons must be
and housing evacuated will be varied. However, the welfare of
arrangements more vulnerable persons may need to be
considered, and alternate arrangements for
housing and shelter may be required.

MEANS OF ESCAPE 10

3.2 ACTIVE FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM 3.2 ACTIVE FIRE
PROTECTION SYSTEM

3.2.1 WATER MIST SUPPRESSION
SYSTEMS

According to Kaiser (2018), total The water mist system is a very
effective fire prevention system

flood carbon dioxide systems, with unique nozzles that have been
devised and carefully tested to
which may be deadly to employees, assist defend against a variety of
are being replaced by water mist fire hazards. Depending on the
systems, which are growing more object being protected, the fine
popular. Water mist systems, which mist generated by the device can
come in low, medium, and high- smother a fire or limit its spread at
pressure options, may accomplish an early stage. On a Class A fire, a
everything from create a fire- water mist system can aid with
fighting fog to replace standard cooling and fire control, as well as
sprinkler systems. The efficiency of extinguishing and avoiding re-
a water mist system in firefighting is ignition on a Class B or Class F fire
determined by its spray properties, (Aito Firework, 2019). Low pressure
which include droplet size systems, intermediate pressure
distribution, flux density, and spray systems, and high-pressure
dynamics, as well as the fire systems are typically defined by
scenario, which includes fuel their pressure and the use of the
shielding, fire size, and ventilation NFPA 750 standard for water mist
conditions (Marioff.com, n.d.). systems. As a result, low-pressure
systems operate at roughly the
DEFINITION same pressures as sprinkler
systems (Kaiser, 2018).

11 MULTI-STOREY SMART HOME SYSTEM

FUNCTION 3.2 ACTIVE FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM

According to the website of Engineering (2001), the performance
limits, dependability, cost, and corresponding design variables of water
mist systems are all significant considerations when employing water
mist in residential settings. Drop size distribution, spray dispersion in
the enclosure, and spray penetration to the fuel site were the primary
elements determining fire control or extinguishment by water mist in
residential occupancies. Water mist systems are suitable for use in
residential occupancies with limited water supplies due to their small
water requirements for fire suppression. More work is needed,
however, to reduce the cost of creating fine water mist or to improve
the extinguishing effectiveness of water mist at low discharge pressure.
In the 1930s, a type of water mist system was first employed in
industrial applications for asset protection. Water mist has gained
popularity in the last decade for use as a firefighting agent on ships as
well as in industrial and commercial settings. Water mist has been the
focus of intensive research and development over the last 10 years,
resulting in systems that have been optimised and proved for certain
applications, such as machinery areas. Water mist systems are
currently a developing technology for life safety applications in
buildings, including residential buildings (Building Research
Establishment, 2006).

Example of types of
nozzles

MEANS OF ESCAPE 122

3.2 ACTIVE FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM Example layout of a
water mist system in a

residential premises
showing a pump and tank

arrangement.

According to Dr Corinne Williams & Dr Louise Jackman (2006), since
there is presently no recommended standardized value, each project
must choose an adequate minimum duration of water delivery.
Minimum water supply duration values might be acquired from
automated sprinkler systems in similar buildings, as an example
minimum durations for:

Domestic In excess of 10 minutes for BS 92515 sprinkler systems

Residential 30 minutes for BS 92515 sprinkler systems or in excess
of 60 minutes for BS EN 128453 or BS 5306 Part 24
sprinkler systems.

113 MULTI-STOREY SMART HOME SYSTEM

The water mist's tiny water droplets enable it to control, inhibit, or 3.2 ACTIVE FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM
extinguish flames by:

Evaporation cools both the flame and the surrounding gases.
Evaporation displacing oxygen

The small droplets themselves attenuate radiant heat

The system consists of automated Careful positioning of the nozzles
nozzles that are connected to a to guarantee full coverage of the
water source and coupled to a space and minimum water loss
piping system that contains water. due to spray collisions with solid
When the water mist system is objects Maintaining the right
turned on, it sprays a cone of pressure/flow parameters at the
small water droplets into the nozzle for a sufficient amount of
protected zone, filling it with mist. time (beams, walls, cupboards)
Other gases or additives may be (Building Research Establishment,
discharged by some systems. A 2006).
good water mist system should be
able to create, distribute, and
maintain a sufficient
concentration of tiny droplets to
protect the fire danger throughout
the duration of the protection.

MEANS OF ESCAPE 14

3.2 ACTIVE FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM BENEFIT

When compared to the use of gaseous agents and traditional sprinkler
systems, the use of water mist fire suppression has revealed benefits such
as:

1 ACTIVATION RIGHT AWAY

HIGH EFFICIENCY IN PUTTING OUT A WIDE RANGE OF FLAMES 2

3 WATER DAMAGE WAS MINIMISED. 4

ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY FEATURES

5 THERE ARE NO HARMFUL ISSUES.

IMPROVED ACCESS TO THE SOURCE OF THE FIRE 6
7 COVERAGE OF THE PROTECTED VOLUME IS SUPERIOR.

A STRONGER COOLING EFFECT DUE TO ENHANCED GAS 8
MIXING AND A HIGH EVAPORATION RATE

9 REDUCE THE TOTAL WEIGHT OF THE SYSTEM

WATER USE IS REDUCED 10

15 MULTI-STOREY SMART HOME SYSTEM

DISADVANTAGES 3.2 ACTIVE FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM

Water mist systems have the following disadvantages when compared to
gas systems:

1 Water mist systems are less efficient for shielded fires

2 Water mist systems have larger and more complex piping
configurations

3 Water mist systems may cause water damage

4 Small fires in enclosures may not be extinguished because
heat is required to vaporise water mist

5 Water mist systems may take longer to extinguish the fire

MEANS OF ESCAPE 16

4.0
ELECTRICAL

SUPPLY
SYSTEM

171

SMART LIGHTING BY 4.0 ELECTRICAL SUPPLY SYSTEM

USING SOLAR PANEL

SYSTEM

Energy supply has become an essential part for the whole planet
and it plays a vital role in our daily life to improve the social and
economic living standard of society. In Malaysia, the most used to
generate electricity is fossil fuels such as coal and natural gas. All of that
are non-renewable resources and it can bring bad effects to the
environment because of too much greenhouse gases that will be
released when it is burned. To be specific, the release of gases such as
carbon dioxide and methane which can contribute to climate change.
Once the climate changes, rising in temperature of earth and changing
weather patterns as floods or dry seasons can impact human
livelihoods. Before it became worse, Malaysia has used solar energy
systems in numerous industrial buildings and also residential buildings
as a source to generate electricity.

The reason is the Malaysian Government already set their target
to achieve a higher penetration of renewable energy sources. In 2019,
Malaysia has approximately 2% of its energy that comes from
renewable energy sources and the Malaysian Government will try to
achieve about 20% penetration of renewable energy by 2025. One of
the best alternatives is by installing smart lighting in every residential
area that is connected or the electricity is produced and stored as a
battery when using the solar panel system. Smart lighting is a lighting
technology that is specifically designed for energy efficiency and
convenience. With this way, by 2025 the Malaysian Government can
achieve their target to use about 20% penetration of renewable energy.

SOLAR PANEL SYSTEM 128

FUNCTION

4.0 ELECTRICAL SUPPLY SYSTEM The main function of installing smart lighting in industrial buildings
and even residential buildings is to minimize the energy usage. Smart
lighting allows the households or the users to control all the functions
such as cooling, heating, lighting and appliances remotely. It also can
reduce the unnecessary light energy when no one is at home and
automatically smart lighting can also minimize the energy consumption.

This capability conserves Panels Installed at the Rooftop
energy while also providing
a level of comfort and
convenience to the users.
Smart lighting also includes
using the natural light from
the sun to reduce the use of
artificial lighting as well as
the simple concept of
people turning off lighting
when they leave a room.

Solar Panels Installed at the Balcony Besides that, in the presence of solar
panel systems that are installed at
every residential area, it is along with
the same function or concept of the
smart lighting where solar radiation
and daylight can be used as the energy
sources and reducing the fossil fuel
consumption. Therefore, when these
two things combine and produce a
new thing it can bring a lot of benefits
to the users and earth.

119 MULTI-STOREY SMART HOME SYSTEM

INSTALLATION 4.0 ELECTRICAL SUPPLY SYSTEM
PROCESS

Before installing the smart lighting in residential or industrial areas, the
electrical supply is the first thing needed by the building which is generated
by its own solar panel system. The following is the steps of installing the
solar panel system until smart lighting.

1 The grid-connected solar photovoltaic (PV) system are connected to the
local utility grid. These PV systems will produce electricity by using the
solar energy or direct sunlight and even during cloudy days or at night,
the electricity still can be obtained from the grid network.

The solar panel also will be installed at the suitable area such as 2
windows, balcony, walls or rooftops and the size of the solar panel
should neither be too long nor too small.

3 Place the solar panel on the suitable area and tighten the nuts and bolts
to secure them. It is necessary to make sure that the solar panels are
firmly mounted and can withstand strong winds.

Next is installing an inverter, an inverter in a solar system should be 4
25-30% bigger than the overall load of all appliances. This is because,
if the appliances require high torque such as a motor, an inverter
capacity needs to be 3 times more than normal to avoid shortage of
electrical circuit.

SOLAR PANEL SYSTEM 220

4.0 ELECTRICAL SUPPLY SYSTEM INSTALLATION
PROCESS

5 Choosing a battery system to a suitable voltage that the home needs
and 48V or higher is advisable.

MC4 connectors are used for wiring to avoid sparkling and rusting of 6
the connections. The connection of the solar panels can be made in two
different ways which are series connection and parallel connection.

7 Next is, connecting solar panel with an inverter. The solar energy
produced by the solar panel is Direct Current (DC) and it is not suitable
to use in the majority of household appliances. Alternating Current (AC)
is required by the majority of electrical appliances. An inverter will
convert the DC power generated by the solar panel into AC.

To connect the energy supply from that collected by solar panel the 8
step-down transformer is needed. The reason is to lower the supply
voltage from 120V AC to 12V DC. This voltage converting can reduce the
risk and damage during the operation.

9 Install the outlet or plug in the step-down transformer. The place of the
outlet supposed to be near to the near to the place where the smart
lighting system want to install.

Install the light bulbs, lens and covers at the suitable place. 10

211 MULTI-STOREY SMART HOME SYSTEM

Illustrations of the Solar System Process 4.0 ELECTRICAL SUPPLY SYSTEM



Illustrations of the Solar System Process

SOLAR PANEL SYSTEM 222

4.0 ELECTRICAL SUPPLY SYSTEM BENEFIT

Solar energy is generated by the sun’s radiation and can be converted to
electricity or heat. It is freely available and thanks to technological advances
because people can now harness even more of the solar energy that is
always available to everyone.

The most important benefit of this technology is 1
when compared to other energy sources, solar
energy has the least negative impact on the Least
environment. It emits no greenhouse gases and negative
does not pollute the environment which can save impact on the
the generation of human beings. It also requires environment.
very little water for the maintenance as opposed to
nuclear power plants which require about 20 times
the amount of water. Solar energy production
produces no noise which is significant as a benefit to
people.

2 Reduce the Second is it can reduce the energy bill or being
energy wasted. Generating own electricity means it will
bill or being be using less from the utility supplier such as
wasted Sarawak Energy and automatically can save on
the energy bill. Solar panel systems can make
the green investment even more useful.

The third benefits are, multi-purpose applications 3
which is solar energy can generate electricity or heat.
At the regions that did not have access to the energy Multi-purpose
grid or to distill water in regions with limited clean applications
water supplies solar energy still can be used to
produce and generate the electricity. Same goes to
smart lighting’s benefits, when using smart lighting,
wasting of energy power can be reduced and save
the energy bill.

213 MULTI-STOREY SMART HOME SYSTEM

PROBLEM 4.0 ELECTRICAL SUPPLY SYSTEM

For the challenges that are faced while implementing this system, it is more
on solar energy implementation because it is something big that involves a
lot of procedure to install and generate it right.

Expensive According to (Kamaruzzaman S.N., 2012),
solar expensive solar technology and lack of
expertise are the first challenges that are faced by
technology the Malaysian Government. Even though solar
and lack of technology is a rapid development in Malaysia, it is
expertise still in its infancy in our country. Even for the small
projects, the installation of solar panels is still very
costly. For the smart lighting, it is still very
expensive especially for the installation and
maintenance service. Furthermore, only a few
specialists truly understand and know how to
effectively save energy in the long term.

Lack of Second is, lack of public interest and aware-
public ness says (Kamaruzzaman S.N., 2012), the public
interest and interest at a national level can be considered as
awareness relatively low because the public take it for granted
that the government will propose a solution when
the problems arise if there are environmental and
energy issues occur. With fossil fuels and other non-
renewable fuels, it is still available to the public
therefore the alternative technologies tend to be
overlooked. Moreover, it is the same as
implementing the smart lighting system, because in
Malaysia there are still lots of people who do not
know the benefits of using this system. People in
Malaysia are also not fully ready to move to the
Internet of Things (IoT) technologies.

SOLAR PANEL SYSTEM 24

5.0 SPECIAL
SERVICE
SYSTEM

25

CLOSED-CIRCUIT 5.0 SPECIAL SERVICE SYSTEM
TELEVISION (CCTV)

WHAT IS CCTV?

Example of a CCTV System CCTV is an abbreviation for closed-
circuit television also referred to as
CCTV systems can be designed to video surveillance. In its most basic
operate indefinitely or just when a form, a closed-circuit television (CCTV)
specific event is being observed. system consists of a video camera, a
Furthermore,technological monitor and a recorder. In CCTV
advances allow CCTV cameras to technology, video cameras are used to
be smaller, enable night vision and relay a signal from one point to another
send pictures over the Internet. and show it on a limited number of
These systems which are used to screens or on a computer screen. CCTV
monitor and record activities in surveillance is fairly widespread in
remote places are made up of a many parts of the world for
range of components depending surveillance.
on the application.
Architecture of a CCTV System

In the event of a fire, for example, the
CCTV will connect with the fire alarm.
The fire system's alarm system will be
activated by the automated call-up
camera.

CCTV 226

5.0 SPECIAL SERVICE SYSTEM FUNCTION

According to Starcom Security, (2015), a CCTV system is an important
component of a TV system that is used for security and surveillance. They
are a private way to keep an eye on what is going on in and around the
house. Cameras are strategically installed to monitor specific parts of the
house and property. The cameras interact with monitors and the images
are only revealed to those who are authorised to see them. This ensures
the highest level of privacy and security. A CCTV camera may also be used
to protect the home and its residents. Purchasing a CCTV camera for
security is a wise investment in the house and safety. It may be seen on a
monitor, a computer, or even a smartphone.

This follows the function of CCTV:

SCARE OFF INTRUDERS AND BURGLARS Example of CCTV


Having a security camera installed
might discourage robbers and other
intruders. Some of them are brave
enough to try to break into someone's
home while they are at home while
others wait for people to leave before
entering. Having a security camera
installed is one approach to keeping
them out of the house. If they are
brave enough to enter the house
nevertheless, the security cameras
can assist law enforcement
authorities in identifying and locating
the intruders.

27 MULTI-STOREY SMART HOME SYSTEM

BE AWARE OF WHO COMES TO THE HOUSE.

The delivery person or a friendly Example of CCTV 5.0 SPECIAL SERVICE SYSTEM
neighbour are examples of
people who are welcome to visit
the home. Someone may not
want to answer the door for
somebody else such as a
stranger or a sales worker. A
home CCTV camera will show the
individual who is at the front
door from any room in the
house.

KEEP A CLOSE CHECK ON THE KIDS.

A CCTV camera may also serve as an excellent baby monitor. Users can
keep an eye on the kid from any room and know when he or she needs
parental help. As the children get older, parents may check to see
whether they are entering restricted areas such as the cleaning supplies
closet. Users can find out when the children return home from school
when users go to work. For those who have a babysitter while they are
away from home, the CCTV may also be used as a babysitter cam.

TAKE CARE OF OTHERS.
.

If users are caring for an elderly family member, they can monitor their
safety from the comfort of their home, office or anywhere they need to
be. A CCTV camera for security may also be used to keep an eye on the
pets while their owners are away. It allows owners to keep an eye on
those they care about while they are unable to be there at home.

CCTV 28

5.0 SPECIAL SERVICE SYSTEM INSTALLATION
PROCESS

The most critical component of installing a 1.Before
CCTV camera system is locating the cameras installing a CCTV
and DVR in the best locations to maximise camera, make a
camera coverage while minimising cable
length. Choose a spot in the room where the plan.
majority of the room's access points are
visible for indoor installation of the best
home security cameras. A power outlet
should be nearby as well.

2.Setting After that, place the camera device in the desired
up the location and draw drilling guide marks. Drill and
camera hammer holes in the screw mouldings. Screw the

camera securely into position. Insert the camera's
power cable into a socket.

The surveillance hard disc is stored in the DVR of the 3.Installing
CCTV system. As a result, all of the CCTV recordings the DVR
are stored on a DVR. It is highly suggested to store
the DVR in a lockable compartment so that an
intruder cannot destroy the recorded footage if the
DVR is discovered. This is an important step in
ensuring the house has a bulletproof security
system.

29 MULTI-STOREY SMART HOME SYSTEM

4.Organizing Make a plan for all of the cords that will connect the 5.0 SPECIAL SERVICE SYSTEM
the cables cameras to the DVR box. Wire mouldings can be used

to keep wires organised and secure. Install the
surveillance wire and nail the mouldings along the
path.

After that, a BNC port connects the video cable. 5.Putting
Remove around 1.5cm of the video cable's outer the wires
covering which should now reveal the braiding. Slide the together
crimping barrel onto the cable with the larger diameter
facing the cable's end. Remove the white insulation that

has been covering the innermost cable. Insert the
exposed cables into the BNC port and secure them with
the crimping barrel. This provides a secure connection.
Connect the DVR output port to the screen where users
wish the video stream to be shown.

CCTV monitor screen 6. The system is now
operational.

Begin by turning on the
cameras, then the display
and the DVR. Set up the
DVR in accordance with the
user manual that came
with it. Check each
camera's feed to ensure
that each camera is
operational and giving the
required viewing angle.

CCTV 320

BENEFIT

5.0 SPECIAL SERVICE SYSTEM 1 Discourage Study by Broadsword Security, (2017), have
people from discovered that this is the most significant and
doing commonly recognised benefit for those who
crimes. choose to install CCTV systems on their home.
Aside from being able to watch the property,
CCTV cameras are a fantastic prevention for
robbers. It is far essential to minimise incidents
than to deal with it once it has occurred.

A video system offers users a greater sense of security 2
and confidence especially in high-crime
neighbourhoods. Many of the more advanced types Mindfulness
are wireless so users are able to monitor and control
them using their smartphone or tablet. It works as a
safety net allowing users to go about their daily
activities while knowing the home is being monitored.

3 Cost- A CCTV system is a low-cost type of security.
effective Once built, the system is incredibly simple to
operate and requires very little maintenance. To
get the maximum performance out of the
system make sure all the cameras are clean.
Aside from that, CCTV systems will keep the
property secure for many years. Protecting the
house isn't as difficult or costly as users might
imagine. A small initial investment will provide a
system that is adapted to someone's needs
benefiting the security of people and preventing
costly theft or damage.

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1.Limitations PROBLEM 5.0 SPECIAL SERVICE SYSTEM

CCTV cameras have a significant 2. Wireless Systems
disadvantage in that they can
only monitor a small area. For the camera to send signals
Criminals may vandalise cameras to the receiving and recording
in a variety of ways such as station, wireless systems
placing gum or spraying require a certain frequency.
something on the lens. They may Other electric motored
even be able to modify the products such as air
camera's angle. conditioning, fluorescent lights
and cordless telephones can
produce frequency disruptions
or lowering image quality. Some
systems may not be totally
wireless since an electric power
cord is required.

3.Wired Systems 4. Hacking

Wired CCTV systems have the The value of CCTV data has
problem of being attached to a increased, putting users at
certain area which means the greater danger from hackers.
camera cannot be moved. The Hacking of CCTV footage has
installation and cabling of these resulted in privacy issues. It is not
cameras is a challenging process possible to entirely secure
that need the assistance of security systems against hackers
experts. because the system is linked to a
network. As a result, hackers may
virtually access the system from
anywhere.

CCTV 32

6.0
MECHANICAL

HANDLING
SYSTEM

313

SMART LIFT 6.0 MECHANICAL HANDLING SYSTEM

Elevator is the most critical equipment for vertical transportation
and one of the largest sources of energy consumption in buildings. The
main cause of wasted energy in the elevator is the dissipation of energy
regenerated by the motor. The definition of an elevator is a vertical
transportation device that helps move people or objects between one
floor and another floor of the building.

The circulation of people within a building is a very complicated
activity and all the possible movement routes must be taken into
consideration. A rational and compatible route is necessary to bring
comfort and a faster movement for the occupant’s needs. In order to
ensure the lift serves it purpose to the fullest it must be applied with a
minimal wastage of space. It also must be adequate with the capacity
load of the user and the building availability facilities to implement the
lift system.

When locating the location of the lift, it is important to place it near
the area so that everyone can get easy access to it. As the proposed
project is a multi-storey home, the location of the lift must be able to
reach all floor level and the lift size must be design with a consideration
of the numbers of the occupants inside the building. Placing the lift
together will increase the services capability.

Technology in this modern day is evolving rapidly alongside the
increasing needs to achieve a better and comfortable daily life. It also
applied to the lift where it always has an improvement from a common
electric to hydraulic lift. Lift system that will be proposed for the multi-
storey smart home is the smart elevator. It is an improved technology
that could save a lot times and space. Smart lift has been applied in a lot
of buildings.

SMART LIFT 324

6.0 MECHANICAL HANDLING SYSTEM FEATURES

Wireless One of the special features that smart lift
communication have is wireless communication system that
is being used for the intercom. It is practical
system to be installed in the lift because it can be
used when there is a malfunction inside the
elevator. The occupants or the rescue
workers might remain trapped inside the lift
and the intercom system and personnel
unimpeded contact is not working due to the
breakdown line. By installing the wireless
communication system, those who are in
need would still be able to seek help
immediately and avoid any unnecessary
panic. It also can improve the efficiency of
the rescue team in any possible emergency
cases that may occur.

Example of Wireless communication system

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FEATURES 6.0 MECHANICAL HANDLING SYSTEM

Besides that, for a multi storey home having a secure Access control
security is the most important thing to ensure all the system
occupants are safe and sound. An access control
system will be installed at the smart lift and it will be
working as a device that will automatically identify
the identity information of all the occupants. Each of
the occupants will be given a smart card that works
as the pass access to each their preferred floor level.

Example of Access control system

Automatic rescue devices Last but not least, the automatic
(ARD) system rescue devices (ARD) system
installed in an elevator which is only
used during an event of a power
failure or blackout in a building. ARD
is a device that installed at the
mechanical system of lift.

SMART LIFT 36

6.0 MECHANICAL HANDLING SYSTEM FEATURES

Upon power failure, an elevator equipped with this device
automatically will start working and moves the lift to stops at the
nearest floor level using a rechargeable battery or also known as
uninterruptible power supply, and the doors will able to be open
to ensure any onboard passengers' safety. It is important to
have a backup power supply otherwise the ARD will not be
working as it supposed to be. Using the automatic rescue
system, all the trapped people can be saves in short of time.

Example of Automatic rescue devices (ARD) system

INSTALLATION
PROCESS

The installation process for lift almost the same for every type of lift as it
implies a similar mechanism in each component. The differences can be
seen from the latest devices technologies that has been add on the lift.

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INSTALLATION 6.0 MECHANICAL HANDLING SYSTEM
PROCESS

1 The first basic important steps is to set a perfect columns
location for the lift. There should be a fair space for the
installation works to avoid any interruption.

After all the installation for the column was settled, the 2
carriage to carry all the occupants and others load. The
carriage will be placed inside the columns that have been set
up. Wheel blocks will be mounted to the columns and bolted
to the vertical carriage accordingly. Lift chains are installed
and connected to the wheel blocks. These should not pop out
of the sprocket when the carriage is lifted.

3 Next step is to raise the driving base on top of the lift to
install the mechanical lift that has been chosen. When the
motor drive of the lift is fitted perfectly, the drive base will be
bolted and welded in place to increase the supports for the
lift.

Lastly, the electrical wiring components will be adjusted and 4
treated accordingly to make the lift working. After all the
installation has been completed, all necessary testing will be
done to ensure the lift did not have any damages or
malfunction.

SMART LIFT 38

6.0 MECHANICAL HANDLING SYSTEM BENEFIT

There are many benefits that can be obtained from installing the
smart lift inside building. It is common that lift known as one of
the services in building that consume a lot of energy and by using
smart lift it has the ability in decreasing the power consumption
and make a greener building energy. Besides that, the time
consumption that was needed to went from one floor level to
another level can be reduced. The optimum speed for the lift can
be increased according to the lift optimum safety and the
standard requirement. There also will be less noise as the lift
moves from one level to another level inside the building. No
unnecessary hassle and noise will interrupt the occupant’s daily
life. Smart lift is a service that serves the best function and
efficiency for everyone. The best way to define smart lift is safer
and faster, especially in the area where it is still in an evolving
process, it can help to enhance the user’s experience in the
greatest technology of building transportation.

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Example of Smart lift 6.0 MECHANICAL HANDLING SYSTEM

SMART LIFT 40

7.0 MECHANICAL
VENTILATION &
AIR-CONDITIONING

SYSTEM

41

SMART THERMOSTAT

Example of Smart thermostat 7.0 HVAC SYSTEM

WHAT IS Smart thermostat enables us to
SMART automatically programme the
THERMOSTAT? temperature inside our home for the
whole day making our home to be
Smart thermostat is a device that can cosy. This feature made smart
automatically balance the heating thermostat a user-friendly device and
and cooling temperature inside our make it accessible as we can control
home for an excellent performance our home temperature even if we are
through any internet-connected outside and we also can adjust our
devices. home temperature just from sitting
without the need to approach it on the
wall.

SMART THERMOSTAT 42

7.0 HVAC SYSTEM FUNCTION

Compared to traditional thermostat, smart thermostat has various
functions.

1 Can control temperature through internet connected devices

Its popular function is it works using Wi-Fi, thus it enables us to just control
our home temperature from our devices as long as it is connected to the Wi-
Fi. By simply installing the smart thermostat app, we can control the
temperature wherever we are depending on our own choices and lifestyle.
When we enter a temperature setting into the app, it delivers that setting to
the thermostat over our Wi-Fi network, and the thermostat then delivers
that signal to the blower and HVAC system. We also can use a smart speaker
like Google Home to set the temperature by commanding it with our voice.
Then the command will be delivered by the app to the smart thermostat
over our Wi-Fi network.

2Can detect our distance from home for it to set temperature.

Besides that, smart thermostat can also detect if we are on our way home
because it will prepare our home with our desired temperature before we
arrived. Even so, it will turn off our heating and air-conditioning when we
are not home to save the energy and cost.

3 Can detect flaws related to the system

Other than that, smart thermostat is also equipped with unique features
where it can detect flaws with our ducting or HVAC system. It can also notify
us when it's time to do system maintenance, such as the suitable time to
change our air filter.

413 MULTI-STOREY SMART HOME SYSTEM

FUNCTION

Can save energy by narrowing down to ideal temperature. 4

Smart thermostat also provides with the energy-saving tips where it 7.0 HVAC SYSTEM
narrows down to the ideal temperature ranges to save money on energy
costs. For example, smart thermostat model like Nest thermostat
estimated that we will save about 10-12% on heating and 15% on cooling
bills while Ecobee model will save us about 23% on heating and cooling bills
(Shield, A. H. , n.d.).

5 Can learn our schedule preferences based on our habit.

A more advanced smart thermostat can learn our schedule preferences
based on our habit. It can automatically adjust our home temperature
based on it. For example, we begin by adjusting the thermostat with our
desired temperature for a couple of days. From this simple action, the
thermostat will begin to learn our preferred temperature, as well as how
our home heats and cools, and will then begin to programme itself.

Example of Smart thermostat

SMART THERMOSTAT 424

7.0 HVAC SYSTEM INSTALLATION
PROCESS

Before begin installing the smart thermostat, the first thing to do is to
make sure that the model of the smart thermostat is suitable with house
system and wiring. According to Wroclawski (2021), replacing of a
thermostat should not be doing when a functioning HVAC system is
important. If there is any problem encountered during the installation, an
HVAC electrician should be consult.
Below are the steps for the installation of a smart thermostat: -

Turn off the HVAC system

Remove the faceplate

Remove the backplate

Connect a C-Wire (Optional) Use the new backplate as a
Reconnect the wires template

Place in the New Faceplate

Turn on the smart thermostat and
connect it to Wi-Fi



415 MULTI-STOREY SMART HOME SYSTEM