FIT-Class-9th-Solution

FOUNDATION OF INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY

9

SOLUTION

Contents 1
8
1. Convergence of Technologies 16
2. Computer System 24
3. Types of Software 31
4. Communication Technology 37
5. Operating System 44
6. Using Windows 7 49
7. Word Processing Using OpenOffice Writer -I 55
8. Word Processing Using OpenOffice Writer-II 62
9. Advanced Features of OpenOffice Writer 71
10. OpenOffice Impress 77
11. Introduction to OpenOffice Calc 84
12. Advance Features of OpenOffice Calc
13. Societal Impacts of IT

1
Convergence of Technologies

A. MCQs.

1. A type of computers that combine the features of both Analog and Digital Computers:

a. Hybrid Computers b. General Purpose Computers

c. Special Purpose Computers d. None of these

Ans. a. Hybrid Computers

2. A _________________ computer is a large, powerful computer that handles the processing for
many users simultaneously (up to several hundred users).

a. Mainframe b. Mini

c. Desktop d. Tablet

Ans. a. Mainframe

3. A ____________________ is a highly powerful microcomputer that acts as a server in a network.

a. PDA b. Minicomputer
c. Workstation d. Smartphones

Ans. c. Workstation

4. Which of the following is not a Social Networking site?

a. Gmail b. Facebook

c. Orkut d. Twitter

Ans. a. Gmail

5. __________________ are online forums that allows open discussions in varied topics and allows
exchange of information regarding a particular topic.

a. Newsgroup b. Mailing List
c. SMS d. RSS

Ans. a. Newsgroup

6. _ _________________ is an application software that allows transmission of audio and video in
real time.

a. Microsoft Word b. Skype

c. Gtalk d. None of these

Ans. b. Skype

7 ____________________ is used as an online journal or diary.

a. Youtube b. Skype

c. Podcast d. Blog

Ans. d. Blog

B. Fill in the blanks.

1. Computer is an electronic device for performing calculations or controlling operations.
2. T echnological Convergence refers to linking of computing and other information technologies,

media content and Communication Network.
3. V ersatility is a characteristic feature of a computer that makes computer do different type of task.
4. Special purpose computers are designed to perform only one specific task.
5. Analog Computers work on the principle of measuring, in which the measurements obtained are

translated into data.
6. S mart phones are high-end mobile phones that typically run operating systems similar to the

tablet computers.
7. A minicomputer is a multi-user computer that is less powerful than a mainframe but is more

powerful than a microcomputer.
8. A Internet is a technology that is used to transfer information and ensures that what is sent is also

received.

C. True (T) or False (F).

1. Twitter is a microblogging site. – T
2. Content Technology is responsible for delivering information to the user. – T
3. WordPress is an example of Blogging site. – F
4. Youtube is responsible only for streaming audio online. – F
5. Skype is an application software that allows transmission of audio and video in real time. – T
6. R eal Time Communication allows accessing of information by an individual in real time with other

individual. – T
7. A minicomputer is basically a mainframe computer that has been optimized for incredible speed

and maximum processing power. – F

D. Name the software or website to do the following.

1. An application that allows phone call over traditional telephone network free of cost. – Skype
2. A very popular video hosting site. – youtube.com
3. It is used for blogging. – www.blogger.com
4. Social networking over the internet. – www.facebook.com
5. It is a communication technology that allows multiple users to communicate online with real-

time audio, video and text chat in dynamic 3D environments. – Interspace

2 Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)

E. SAQs I

1. What do you mean by “Convergence of Technologies”?
Ans. Convergence of Technologies refers to interlinking of computing and other information

technologies, media content and communication networks that has arisen as the consequence
of the advancement and popularization of the Internet as well as the activities, products and
services that have emerged in the digital space.
2. State two characteristics of Computer that makes them special.
Ans. Characteristics of a Computer:
• Speed: Computers can work at incredible speed.
• Accuracy: Computers are extremely accurate.
• Huge Memory: Computers can store and retrieve huge amount of data.
• Diligence: Unlike humans a computer has the ability to work for a long time without getting

tired.
• Versatile: A computer can perform different types of operations.
• No Feelings: Unlike humans computer do not have any feelings.
3. What are microcomputers?
Ans. A microcomputer is a small, relatively inexpensive computer with a microprocessor as its central
processing unit (CPU). It includes a microprocessor, memory and input/output (I/O) facilities
and is also called personal computer or PC.
4. What is social networking?
Ans. Social Networking refers to the use of dedicated websites and applications to interact with
other users, or to find people with similar interests to one’s own.
5. What is “RSS feeds” used for?
Ans. T he RSS is responsible for picking out headlines from different websites and delivers those
headlines to your computer for quick scan.
6. What is Content Technology?
Ans. T he Content Technology is responsible for processing data into information. The success of this
technology depends mostly upon how and what the intermediate process will be that converts
data to information.
7. How is an email different from SMS?
Ans. S hort Messaging Service (SMS) is a text communication service in the world of mobile
communications system. Electronic mail (e-mail) is a way of exchanging digital messages or text
communication in the world of internet and computer networks.

Convergence of Technologies 3

F. SAQs II

1. What is a General Purpose Computer? How is it different from the Special Purpose Computer?
Ans. G eneral Purpose Computers are computers are designed to perform different type of works,

general in nature. For example, you can use a computer for playing games, do project work,
perform some mathematical calculations, type a letter or draw a picture. Special Purpose
Computers on the other hand are designed to perform only one specific task. For example, the
ATM of a bank does only one job of dispensing money.
2. State the difference between Analog and Digital Computers.
Ans. A nalog Computers work on the principle of measuring, in which the measurements obtained
are translated into data. Digital Computers on the other hand operate with numeric data. The
data is discrete in nature and can be represented in digital form.
3. State two differences between a Desktop computer and a Laptop computer.
Ans. A laptop and desktop computer differ in both size and functionality. A laptop is much smaller
and therefore often more convenient to use. A desktop computer is much larger, and tends to
last much longer than a laptop before it needs to be repaired or replaced. A laptop is often a
self-contained unit, and no additional parts are needed to run it. Users often have to purchase
monitors and other accessories to operate a desktop computer.
4. What is a workstation?
Ans. A workstation is a highly powerful microcomputer. They contain one or more microprocessor
CPUs and are used for applications involving more power than a typical PC (rendering complex
graphics or performing intensive scientific calculations).
5. Write short notes on:
a. Minicomputer
b. Mainframe Computer
c. Super Computer
Ans. a. Minicomputer: A minicomputer is a multi-user computer that is less powerful than a

mainframe but is more powerful than a microcomputer. It uses large scale integrated circuits
(LSIC) to build a computer much cheaper than the then existing mainframes. It is generally
used as small or midrange servers.
b. Mainframe computers are computers used primarily by large organizations for critical
applications, bulk data processing, such as census, industry and consumer statistics, enterprise
resource planning, and transaction processing.
c. Supercomputers are powerful mainframe computers that performs at or near the currently
highest operational rate for computers. Traditionally, supercomputers have been used for
scientific and engineering applications that must handle very large databases or do a great
amount of computation (or both).
6. How has Newsgroups helped in communication?
Ans. N ewsgroups are online forums that allows open discussions in varied topics and allows exchange
of information regarding a particular topic. Newsgroups are similar in some ways to mailing

4 Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)

lists, but they tend to have a better structure. More often than not, you will be able to find a
FAQ (frequently asked questions) section on a newsgroup, which is always helpful for those
who are not sure of anything.
7. What do you understand by Real Time Communication? Name any application that supports
Real Time Communication.
Ans. R eal Time Communication allows accessing of information by an individual in real time with
other individual.
Applications that support Real Time Communication are Hangout, WhatsApp, GTalk, Skype etc.
8. What is a blog? State two characteristics of a blog.
Ans. B log is an online journal or diary. It is basically a regularly updated website or web page, typically
one run by an individual or small group, that is written in an informal or conversational style.
Characteristics:
1. A blog is generally updated frequently and regularly, but it all depends upon you how fast

you change the content.
2. A blog like some websites have an area for people to comment or respond to the blog post.

G. LAQs

1. Categorise computer according to data handling capability and describe each one of them.
Ans. A ccording to data handling capability computers are classified as:
A nalog Computers work on the principle of measuring, in which the measurements obtained

are translated into data.
D igital Computers on the other hand operate with numeric data. The data is discrete in nature

and can be represented in digital form. Digital computer works on a special number system
called binary number system.
Hybrid Computers combine the features of both digital and analog computers. For computational
purposes, it uses analog components and for storage digital memories are used. Generally,
the analog components of the computer handle complex mathematical computations and the
digital components take care of logical and numerical operations in addition to serving as the
controller for the system.
2. Explain the characteristics of a Computer System.
Ans. The characteristics of a computer are
• Speed: In general, no human being can compete to solving the complex computation, faster

than computer.
• Accuracy: Since Computer is programmed, so what ever input we give it gives result

with accuratly.
• Storage: Computer can store mass storage of data with appropriate formate.
• Diligence: Computer can work for hours without any break and creating error.
• Versatility: We can use computer to perform completely different type of work at the

same time.

Convergence of Technologies 5

• Power of Remembering: It can remember data for us.
• No IQ: Computer does not work without instruction.
• No Feeling: Computer does not have emotions, knowledge, experience, feeling.
3. What do you understand by the term “Convergence of Technology”?
Ans. T echnological Convergence or Convergence Technology refers to interlinking of computing and
other information technologies, media content, and communication networks that has arisen
as the consequence of the advancement and popularization of the Internet as well as the
activities, products and services that have emerged in the digital space.
Although Convergence Technology is wide spread and refers primarily on three technologies
namely:
• Computer Technology
• Communication Technology
• Content Technology
4. C ategorise computer according to data handling capability and write short description of each
one of them.
Ans. A nalog Computer: The computer which provide us continuous information are called Analog
computers. The input data is not a number instead a physical quantity like: pressure, speed,
voltage, temperature, etc.
Digital Computer: The computers which present physical quantities with the help of symbols or
numbers and provide us discrete information are called digital computers. Digital computer the
input data is represented by a number, a computer that processes information in digital form.
H ybrid computers are computers that exhibit features of both analog computers and digital
computers. Hybrid computer has the speed of analog and the accuracy of digital computer.
5. How is Internet different from Interspace?
Ans. Internet is a global computer network providing a variety of information and communication
facilities, consisting of interconnected networks using standardized communication protocols.
Interspace on the other hand is a client/server software program that allows multiple users to
communicate online with real-time audio, video and text chat in dynamic 3D environments.
Interspace provides the most advanced form of communication available on the Internet today.

Application Oriented Questions

Go through the following questions carefully and answer the following questions:

1. Mr Vishnu is a businessman having a grocery shop and doing a brisk business. He is planning to
startadepartmentalstore.Theproblemis,hehadbeenusinghandwrittenRegistersandCalculators
to maintain his account details, which he feels is error prone and consumes enormous amount of
time. Suggest some device/devices to Mr Vishnu so that he can maintain his new venture in an
efficient manner.

Ans. T o maintain his accounts he can use a Computer (PC) or a Laptop. He can use software like
Microsoft Excel, OpenOffice Calc or Tally for accounting and maintaining the inventory.

6 Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)

2. R ukshir Travels is a Bus Transport Agent that is planning to install a Kiosk at its office for its
customers to see the different bus timings only. Suggest whether a General Purpose Computer
or a Special Purpose Computer should be used with reasons.

Ans. A Special Purpose computer should be installed for Rukshir Travels as it will be responding only
to the queries of the user related to Bus Timings and nothing else.

3. A Report Card Processing System consist of the following:

a. Collection of marks on data sheets.

b. Entering the marks in the computer.

c. Performing calculations for the data entered to calculate total, percentage and rank.

d. Get print-out of the report-card for each student.

Categorise the 4 points into:

• Processing

• Data Collection

• Input

• Output

Ans. a. Data Collection

b. Input

c. Processing

d. Output

4. Suzane seems to have made mistake with the following match the column, identify the mistake
and correct it.

a. Workstation i. is a powerful mainframe computer

b. Super computer ii. is used in a computer network

c. Mini computer iii. Texting through Mobile

d. SMS iv. Microblogging site

e. Twitter v. between micro and super computer

Ans.

a. Workstation ii. is used in a computer network

b. Super computer i. is a powerful mainframe computer

c. Mini computer v. between micro and super computer

d. SMS iii. Texting through Mobile
e. Twitter iv. Microblogging site

Convergence of Technologies 7

2
Computer System

A. MCQs.

1. Which among the following is not the characteristic of the computer?

a. Diligence b. Unlimited Memory
c. Versatile d. Accuracy

Ans. b. Unlimited Memory

2. The ALU stands for: b. Asset Logical Unit
a. Additional Logical Unit d. Arithmetic Logic Unit
c. Arithmetic Lexicographically Unit

Ans. d. Arithmetic Logic Unit

3. Which unit of the computer system is responsible for holding the input data, intermediate results,
output results and program and makes them available for processing as and when required?

a. Input Unit b. Internal Storage Unit
c. Arithmetic Logic Unit d. Control Unit

Ans. b. Internal Storage Unit

4. The ________________ unit of the computer provides the capability of decision making to the
computer.

a. Input b. Output
c. Internal Storage d. ALU

Ans. d. ALU

5. Name the group of wires that is used for communication between various components of the
computer.

a. Bus b. Cable
c. Connector d. None of these

Ans. a. Bus

6. Name the technology that reads iron oxide ink preprinted or encoded on cheques, deposit slips
or on a document.

a. MICR b. Bar Code Reader
c. OCR d. None of these
Ans. a. MICR

7. Name the device that finds maximum usage in video conferencing and chatting in real time.

a. Scanner b. Digital Camera

c. Web Camera d. Video Camera

Ans. c. Web Camera

8. N ame the printer whose print head contains banks of pins moving at high speed against inked
ribbon and paper.

a. Dot-Matrix Printer b. Chain Printer

c. Daisy Wheel Printer d. None of these

Ans. a. Dot-Matrix Printer

9. T he _______________ printer is used to print images by selectively heating coated thermo
chromic paper.

a. Dot-Matrix Printer b. Thermal Printer

c. Ink-Jet Printer d. Laser Printer

Ans. b. Thermal Printer

10. The contents of main memory, currently in use and likely to be needed in future is stored in which
memory?

a. Registers b. Hard Disk

c. Flash Memory d. Cache Memory

Ans. d. Cache Memory

11. W hich among the following is not a characteristics of a Magnetic Disk?

a. High Storage Capacity b. Reliable

c. Gives direct access to data d. Uses laser light for storing data

Ans. d. Uses laser light for storing data

12. Which among the following memory is used in a common digital camera?

a. Floppy Disk b. Hard Disk

c. Memory Stick d. CD-ROM

Ans. c. Memory Stick

13. Which among the following secondary memories is not an Optical memory?

a. Floppy b. CD

c. DVD d. Blu-Ray

Ans. a. Floppy

14. Name the type of memory that is used in pen drive.

a. Magnetic Disk Memory b. Optical Disk Memory

c. Flash Memory d. None of these

Ans. c. Flash Memory

B. Fill in the blanks.

1. The term Computer System refers to a group of interconnected components which work together
to perform an integrated whole.

2. Data are raw facts which when processed gives us Information.
3. The Output unit is responsible for recording the final results sent from internal storage unit.

Computer System 9

4. The Control unit directs the operation of all components and units of the computer system as per
the instructions given in a program.

5. The ALU unit of the CPU is responsible for all arithmetic as well as logical operations.
6. A Bar code is a specialised code represented by sets of parallel bars of varying thickness and

separation.
7. The Scanner is an input device that captures information from a page and store them in graphic

format.
8. The Laser printer uses toner to print images.
9. T he Ink-jet printer fires ink drops on paper for printing.
10. All data that needs to be processed should be in the Main memory before processing.
11. Audio devices that are connected to the sound card for sound are called Speakers.
12. A Block is a sector or a group of sectors in a hard-disk that an operating system can address.
13. 1024 giga byte makes a tera byte.

C. Full form of the following:

1. ALU – Arithmetic Logical Unit
2. CPU – Central Processing Unit
3. CU – Control Unit
4. MICR – Magnetic Ink Character Unit
5. OCR – Optical Character Recognition
6. OMR – Optical Mark Recognition

D. True (T) or False (F).

1. Some digital camera can also record moving video with sound. – T
2. T he term “Versatile” used to define a characteristic of a computer that is used to tell that a

computer can do different type of task. – T
3. Processing of Information gives Data. – F
4. The Input Unit of the Computer is responsible for holding input data and intermediate

results. – F
5. Buses are group of wires present in the ALU. – T
6. The Data Bus is used to designate the source of data for data bus. – F
7. Mouse and Joystick has the same functionality. – T
8. A Scanner is used to display data on the screen. – F
9. Dot Matrix Printer is an example of an Impact Printer. – T
10. Among all the memories, the Registers are the fastest memory. – T

10 Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)

E SAQs I

1. What is a Computer System?
Ans. A Computer System is a group of interconnected components that work together in an integrated

manner to perform a particular task.
2. What is the function of an ALU?
Ans. A rithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) of the CPU is responsible for all the four arithmetical (addition,

subtraction, multiplication and division) and also logical operations.
3. What is Flash Memory used for?
Ans. F lash memory is a memory storage device for computers and electronics. It is most often used

in devices like digital cameras, USB flash drives, and video games.
4. What is RAM?
Ans. RAM stands for Random Access Memory, a type of computer memory that can be accessed

randomly; that is, any byte of memory can be accessed without touching the preceding bytes.
RAM is the most common type of memory found in computers and other devices, such as
printers.
5. What is a Plotter used for?
Ans. A graphics printer that draws images with ink pens. It actually draws point-to-point lines directly
from vector graphics files.

F. SAQs II

1. W hat is a Bar Code Reader? Where do you find its usage?
Ans. A Bar Code Reader is an Optical Scanner that is used to read bar codes for identification of objects.

It is usually found in the billing section of merchandise and shopping malls for identification of
products and its prices.
2. How is a Web Camera different from a Digital Camera?
Ans.

3. State two advantages of using a Dot Matrix Printer.
Ans. Advantages of Dot Matrix Printer:

• It can print on multi-part forms or carbon copies.
• It supports low printing cost per page.

Computer System 11

4. State two disadvantages of using a Thermal Printer.
Ans. Disadvantages of Thermal Printers:

• Too much of heating is a possibility and may damage the printer.
• It is not suitable to print in colour.
5. What is a Laser Printer? How is it different from an Inkjet Printer?
Ans. L aser Printer is a high quality, high speed, high volume technology, which works in non-impact
fashion on plain paper or pre-printed forms. Printing is achieved by deflecting laser beam on to
the photosensitive surface of a drum and the latent image attracts the toner to the image areas.
The toner is then electro statically transferred to the paper and fixed into a permanent image.
Inkjet Printer on the other hand uses jets of ink to print characters on paper. It s fires ink drops on
the paper by using an electrostatic field. The print head has a nozzle, which fires a jet of electrically
charged ink at the paper, thus forming a character. It is best suited for printing photographs.
6. What are the different types of memories that form the Memory Unit of the Computer System?
Ans. The different types of memories that forms the Memory Unit of the Computer System are:
• CPU Registers
• Cache Memory
• Main Memory
• Secondary Memory
7. Define the terms “Block” and “Sector” as used in a Hard Disk.
Ans. A sector is one of the “pie slices” of a diskette or disk is divided into. Dividing the circular
medium into pie slices is a way to organize it so that data can be located by the read/write
heads of the drive.
A block is a sector or a group of sectors that the operating system can address (point to).
8. What is the difference between CD and DVD?
Ans. C D, short for Compact Disc, is an optical medium that can store digital data. It is designed to replace
the old cassette tapes. Usually, a standard CD can store about 700MB of data. That means you can
store CD quality audio that can last for about 80 minutes or video lasting about 60 minutes. DVD,
short for Digital Versatile Disc, is also an optical medium to store digital data. A standard DVD can
hold 4.7 GB of data. So DVD is widely used to store large files like video and movies.
9. How are the terms Data and Information related?
Ans. Data are simply facts or figures — bits of information, but not information itself. When data are
processed, interpreted, organized, structured or presented so as to make them meaningful or
useful, they are called information. Information provides context for data.
10. What is an Input Device? Name two Input Devices.
Ans. Input devices are components of a computer system through which data is given to the computer
for processing. Example- Keyboard and Mouse.

12 Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)

G. LAQs

1. Using a block diagram explain how data is processed into information in the Computer System.
Ans. The figure below shows the major components of a computer system. It consists of an Input

Unit, Central Processing Unit (CPU) and Output Unit.

Working of the components: It is through the “Input Unit” a computer receives data and
instruction which get processed in the Central Processing Unit (CPU) and the result or
information is shown through “Output Unit”. While doing so the “Internal Storage Unit “ is
responsible for holding the input data, intermediate results, output results and program and
makes them available for processing as and when required. In case the data, information or
instruction needs to be stored permanently for future reference or even after the computer is
turned off, the “Secondary / Auxiliary Memory” is used.

2. Explain the concept of Block, Sectors and Cylinder of a Hard Disk with the help of a diagram.
Ans. H ard Disk consists of 1 or more metal platters which are sealed inside a case. The metal platters

attached to a spindle are magnetic in nature and stores data. Each platter requires two read/
write heads, one for each side. All the read/write heads are attached to a single access arm so
that they cannot move independently. Each platter has the same number of tracks(they are like
concentric rings), and a track location that cuts across all platters is called a cylinder. A sector is
one of the “pie slices” the diskette or disk is divided into. Dividing the circular medium into pie
slices is a way to organize it so that data can be located by the read/write heads of the drive.
The hard disk is usually installed inside the computer’s case, though there are removable and
cartridge types as well. A block is a sector or a group of sectors that the operating system can
address (point to). The bigger the hard disk size more the sectors that a block will hold. It is the
block where actual data is stored.

Computer System 13

3. Describe the memory hierarchies of a computer system.
Ans. The different types of memories that forms the Memory Unit of the Computer System are:

• CPU Registers
• Cache Memory
• Main Memory
• Secondary Memory
4. H ow is a Impact printer different from a Non-Impact printer? Also give examples of both these
printers.
Ans.

Impact Printers Non-impact Printers

1. It prints characters or images by striking print 1. It prints characters and images without striking
hammer or wheel against an inked ribbon. the papers.

2. Its speed is slower. 2. Its speed is faster.

3. Its printing quality is lower. 3. Its printing quality is higher.

4. It normally uses continuous paper sheet. 4. Its normally uses individual paper sheet.

5. It generates noise during printing. 5. It does not generate noise during printing.

6. It uses inked ribbon for printing. 6. It uses toner or cartridge for painting.

7. It is less expensive. 7. It is more expensive.

8. Dot matrix is an impact printer. 8. Laser printer is a non-impact printer.

14 Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)

5. Explain how printing occurs in a Laser Printer.
Ans. It makes a laser beam scan back and forth across a drum inside the printer, building up a pattern

of static electricity. The static electricity attracts onto the page a kind of powdered ink called
toner. Finally, as in a photocopier, a fuser unit bonds the toner to the paper.

Application Oriented Questions

1. Shamim wants to go for an educational tour with her friends to Bangkok. She is confused with
the Camera; whether to use a Digital camera or a Web Camera. Suggest her which type of
camera among the two is preferable and why?

Ans. A Digital Camera would be more preferable because:
• Good photography is a must for educational tour.
• No online streaming is required.
• Web Camera always requires the overhead of using a computer, which is difficult to carry
on move.
• The portability of a digital camera is unmatched.

2. A nuska is a video editor and performs video editing in a production house. The files she stores
are usually of huge sizes approximately of 30 GB. The company plans for an upgradation and
require to keep backup. Suggest Anuska an Optical Disk that will help her in keeping backup,
with reasons.

Ans. A s Video Editing requires huge amount of storage space for rendering movies, the best optical
backup device would be to use Blu-Ray Disc.

3. P hantom is a computer programmer, who is developing a small software for a retail chain.
Unfortunately, the shop owner is not able to provide him an internet connection; Phantom
carries different modules of this software, installs in the computers connected in various shops
and carries sample data back with him for testing. Which storage device will you suggest to
him to use for this purpose? This device should have high storage capacity and should be re-
writeable.

Ans. A Pen Drive using Flash Memory is more preferable, as it is not only fast for reading and writing,
but also portable for the Phantom Programmer to carry here and there.

Computer System 15

3
Types of Software

A. MCQs.

1. Name the type of software that is designed to operate the computer hardware and to provide a
platform for running application software.

a. Application Software b. Web-Based Software

c. System Software d. None of these

Ans. c. System Software

2. Which among the following is not an Operating System?

a. Unix b. Android

c. Microsoft Word d. Microsoft Windows

Ans. c. Microsoft Word

3. Which among the following is used for controlling the peripheral devices?

a. Assembler b. Operating System

c. Library Programs d. Web Based programs

Ans. c. Library Programs

4. Which among the following is not an Antivirus software?

a. WinZip b. McAfee
c. Quick Heal d. Kaspersky

Ans. a. WinZip

5. A Utility software that speeds up the system by arranging files stored on the hard disk at discrete
location to occupy contiguous storage locations:

a. Antivirus b. Compression Utility

c. Text Editor d. De-Fragmentation Utility.

Ans. d. De-Fragmentation Utility

6. W hich among the following is a type of translator that converts a program line-by-line to machine
language while executing it?

a. Assemblers b. Compilers
c. Interpreters d. None of these

Ans. c. Interpreters

7. Which of the following is not an example of a Word Processor?

a. Microsoft Word b. Adobe Pagemaker

c. OpenOffice Writer d. OpenOffice Calc

Ans. d. OpenOffice Calc

8. Name the software that helps in organizing and analysis of information in tabular form.

a. Word Processor b. Presentation Tools

c. Spreadsheet Tools d. Database Management System

Ans. c. Spreadsheet Tools

B. Fill in the blanks.

1. Software is a program or a group of instructions given to the computer to perform a particular
task.

2. Antivirus is a software that is used to remove viruses and other malware programs from an
infected computer.

3. The Quarantine option in an Antivirus Software is used to disable a virus, which is too difficult to
remove.

4. The Utility programs are used to enhance the functionality of a computer system.
5. The Compression Utility software is used to reduce the storage size of any program/file while not

in use.
6. It is always advisable to take Backup in case there is any damage or accidental damage to the

computer system to protect its content.
7. Library Programs Programs are a way of sharing common programs that do not need to be re-

written for each piece of software.
8. Compiler and Interpreters are translators that converts programs written in High-Level Language

to Machine Language.
9. W ord Processor is a software that is used for typing editing, save text, letters, memos, articles,

reports and even books.
10. Presentation Tool is a software that facilitates the creation of presentations on any particular

topic.

C. True (T) or False (F).

1. Computerised Reservation System is a software that allows you to conduct transactions related
to railway or air travel. – T

2. A n Attendance Module is a part of Human Resource Management System. – T
3. Finger Print Reader is a biometric device mostly used in an Attendance System. – T
4. A Payroll system is usually used for keeping track of attendance in an organisation. – F
5. Inventory Control System is used to manage a company’s purchasing, shipping receiving, tracking,

warehousing and storage, turnover and reordering. – T
6. An assembler converts an assembly language program to machine language. – T
7. A word processor can be used as a presentation tool. – F
8. Compiler translates a program line-by-line and executes it. – F

Types of Software 17

9. Proximity Reader is a device that senses an employee within its proximity and marks the person
present or absent as attendance. – T

10. C ustomised software are also called Bespoke software. – T

D. SAQs I

1. What is a Software?
Ans. S oftware refers to a program or group of instructions that are given to the computer, which is

stored in the main memory to perform a specific job.
2. What is a Database Management System?
Ans. A Database Management System (DBMS) is a software package that enables you to store,

modify and extract information from a database.
3. State any one use of an Accounting Management software.
Ans. Accounting Management Software is used to generate Balance Sheet for a company or an

individual.
4. What is Human Resource Management?
Ans. A Human Resources Management System (HRMS) is just the software application that caters to

the management of the human resources of an organization. It combines many human resources
functions including benefits administration, payroll, recruiting and training, and performance
analysis and review into one package.
5. What is the function of a Proximity Reader in an Attendance System?
Ans. T hese devices are very advanced compared to the above mentioned Attendance system devices.
It just senses an employee within its proximity and marks the person present or absent.

E. SAQs II

1. What is System Software? Name the different types of System Software.
Ans. S ystem software is collection of programs that is used to service or help other programs during

execution.
The different types of System Software are:

• Operating System
• Utility Programs
• Library Programs
• Programming Language Translators
2. State two functionalities of an Operating System.
Ans.
1. It acts as an interface between the computer and the user.
2. It controls all hardware and software resources of the computer system.

18 Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)

3. W hat is an AntiVirus Software? Also explain the term Quarantine with respect to Anti-Virus
Software.

Ans. V irus Scanner or Antivirus is a utility software that is used to remove viruses and other malware
programs from the computer.

Quarantine: Certain virus may be too difficult to be removed completely, this virus are disabled
and kept in a safe place so that it cannot infect other files.

4. What is the use of Compression Utility Software?
Ans. C ompression utility software is used to compress a file to a smaller size, which may then be

used for storage or transfer from one computer to another.
5. State at least two advantages of using a Backup Utility Software.
Ans.

1. Taking regular backups makes data reliable.
2. Taking regular backups can make recovery easier during catastrophic disaster.
6. How does the process of defragmentation speed up the computer system?
Ans. D isk de-fragmentation utility software speeds up the system by rearranging files stored on the
hard disk to occupy contiguous storage locations using a technique called defragmentation.
This leads to minimizing the head travel, which reduces the time it takes to read files from and
write files to the disk.
7. What are Library Programs?
Ans. L ibrary Programs are a way of sharing common programs so that they do not need to be re-
written for each piece of software. For example, the use of mouse is almost same in different
application software.
8. What is the significance of using Programming Language Translator?
Ans. A Programming Language Translator is responsible for converting programs written in a computer
language to machine language.
There are three types of translator namely Assemblers, Compilers and Interpreters.
9. State one difference between
a. Compiler and Interpreter
b. Standard Software and Customised Software
Ans. a. Interpreter converts each line of a program to machine language whereas Compiler converts

an entire program to machine language as a whole.
b. Standard or Generic Software is a general purpose software that is mass produced with

the intention that it will be used by a wide variety of different users in a range of different
situations. Customised software on the other hand as the name suggest, is more specific
towards a particular organization or an individual. Such software’s meets the requirements
of that organization or individual to whomever it may be concerned. It is created for a specific
purpose which will be used in a known environment.

Types of Software 19

10. What is a Presentation Tool? Give two examples of a Presentation Software.
Ans. Presentation Tool is a software that facilitates the creation of presentations on any particular

topic. A presentation is a combination of slides, handouts, notes and outlines all kept in a single
file. It is possible to add text, graphics, photos, clip art, sound and video to your slides.
Examples OpenOffice Impress and Microsoft PowerPoint.
11. Which software is used to analyse statistical data? Give two examples of such software.
Ans. S preadsheet is used to analyse statistical data. Examples OpenOffice Calc and Microsoft Excel.
12. State two features of Accounting Management Software.
Ans. Two features of Accounting Management Software are:
• Financial Accounting (Multi-Currency)
• Inventory Management (Multi-location)
13. What is a Reservation System?
Ans. Reservation System or Computerised Reservation System is a software that is used to store and
retrieve information and conduct transactions related to railway travel, air travel, hotels, car
rental, or activities. Reservation System was originally designed and operated by airlines, but
currently is extended extensively by Indian railways and also by travel agencies.
14. What is the function of a Payroll module in a Human Resource management Software?
Ans. T he Payroll module is responsible for automating the pay process by gathering data on employee
time and attendance, calculating increments, calculating various deductions and taxes, and
generating periodic pay cheques and employee tax reports.
15. Name two devices that are used as an automated Attendance System.
Ans. Two devices that are used as an automated Attendance System:
• Finger Print Reader
• Proximity Reader
16. What is the function of a Inventory Control System?
Ans. A n inventory control system is an application that encompasses all aspects of managing a
company’s inventories i.e. purchasing, shipping, receiving, tracking, warehousing and storage,
turnover and reordering.

F. LAQs

1. What is the significance of using a Billing System?
Ans. It provides many facilities to the people working through it. In the billing process one simply

have to add the information into the data base and all the calculations are done by the billing
services provider itself. It handles all the data merging, copying from the sources and application
of different formulas on it to get the required results for the company. It helps to maintain the
system of the costumers, their records and helps to ensure the working of the entire system of
the company.

20 Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)

2. Describe the use of Accounting Management Software.

Ans. A ccounting software is a class of computer programs that enable you to manage your business’s
financial transactions. Such programs can vary widely in scope, with some programs designed
for little more than simple bookkeeping and some designed to manage the entire financial
comings and goings of large businesses. Using accounting software helps companies to use
the resources in their accounting departments efficiently, and can reduce costly bookkeeping
mistakes.

3. What are Presentation Tools used for?

Ans. P resentation Tool is a software that facilitates the creation of presentations on any particular
topic. A presentation is a combination of slides, handouts, notes and outlines all kept in a single
file. It is possible to add text, graphics, photos, clip art, sound and video to your slides.

4. Explain the working of a:

i. Interpreter ii. Compiler

Ans.

Interpreter Compiler

Translates program one statement at a time. Scans the entire program and translates it as a
whole into machine code.

It takes less amount of time to analyze the source It takes large amount of time to analyze the
code but the overall execution time is slower. source code but the overall execution time is

comparatively faster.

No intermediate object code is generated, hence Generates intermediate object code which
are memory efficient. further requires linking, hence requires more
memory.

Continues translating the program until the It generates the error message only after
first error is met, in which case it stops. Hence scanning the whole program. Hence debugging
debugging is easy. is comparatively hard.

Programming language like Python, Ruby use Programming language like C, C++ use compilers.
interpreters.

5. What is the function of Encrytion/Decryption Tool?

Ans. Encryption is the conversion of electronic data into another form, called ciphertext, which cannot
be easily understood by anyone except authorized parties. The primary purpose of encryption
is to protect the confidentiality of digital data stored on computer systems or transmitted via
the Internet or other computer networks.

D ecryption is the process of transforming data that has been rendered unreadable through
encryption back to its unencrypted form. In decryption, the system extracts and converts the
garbled data and transforms it to texts and images that are easily understandable not only by the
reader but also by the system.

Types of Software 21

Application Oriented Questions

1. B elow are mentioned some of the most common general purpose software, give a short
description of them also give two examples of such a software:

General Purpose Software Description Examples
Word Processor
Spreadsheet
Presentation Tool
DBMS
Accounting System

Ans.

General Purpose Software Description Examples
• Microsoft Word
Word Processor Word processing is a term used in • OpenOffice Writer
computer education for typing, editing,
saving it for future reference and printing • Microsoft Powerpoint
any kind of text-letters, memos, articles, • OpenOffice Impress
reports and even books.
• Microsoft Powerpoint
Spreadsheet A spreadsheet is a computer application • OpenOffice Impress
that helps in organizing and analysis
of information in tabular form. It is • MySQL
primarily used to work with statistical • Oracle
data and can also help in organizing
information, to calculate and analyze • Busy
using mathematical formulas. • Tally

Presentation Tool Presentation Tool is a software that
facilitates the creation of presentations
on any particular topic. A presentation is
a combination of slides, handouts, notes
and outlines all kept in a single file.

DBMS A Database Management System (DBMS)
is a software package that enables you
to store, modify and extract information
from a database.

Accounting System Accounting System is a practical
application of management techniques
to analyse, control and report on the
financial health of the organization.
Thus requiring analysis, planning,
implementation and control of
programs designed to provide financial
data reporting for managerial decision
making.

22 Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)

2. Kapil finance limited a microfinance firm is planning to computerise its office to give better
service to its customers. Here are some the task the firm needs to do:
a. Write profile of the firm.
b. Stores the name and addresses of the customers.
c. Send letters to customers.
d. Keeps the account of the money being approved for a customer.
e. Give salaries to its employees.
f. Present different products to the employees.
S uggest suitable general purpose software that may be used to perform each of the above
task.

Ans.
a. Word Processor-OpenOffice Writer
b. Data Base Management System- MySQL
c. Word Processor-OpenOffice Writer
d. Spreadsheet Tool-OpenOffice Calc
e. Spreadsheet Tool-OpenOffice Calc
f. Presentation Tool-OpenOffice Impress

3. St. Antony’s School Vishakapatnam is planning to provide computerised Progress Report to its
students. As the school is affiliated to CBSE, proper norms of FA and SA needs to be kept. Apart
from the aforesaid norms it also accesses a student on other co-curricular and extra-curricular
activities. The problem is, the school is finding it difficult to get an adequate software according
to its requirement. Suggest a suitable software between General- Software and Customised
Software along with reasons for the school to use.

Ans. T he school should opt for a Customised software as there is no generalised software according
to the requirement of the school. Thus a software is required which should be tailor made
according to the requirement of the school.

Types of Software 23

4
Communication Technology

A. MCQs.

1. Which of the following transmission medium is the costliest?

a. UTP b. STP

c. Coaxial Cable d. Optical Fibre

Ans. d. Optical Fibre

2. W hich among the following is used for transmission in short range (mobile phone) devices?

a. Infrared b. Bluetooth

c. Coaxial Cable d. Optical Fibre

Ans. b. Bluetooth

3. Which transmission would you use which can be setup at no time if the cost of digging the land
for placing the cables is high?

a. Microwaves b. Satellite Link

c. Infrared Waves d. Bluetooth

Ans. a. Microwaves

4. Which among the following network devices is used for connecting multiple computers over a
network?

a. Hub b. Modem

c. repeater d. None of these

Ans. a. Hub

5. Which of the following is not used for wired transmission?

a. Coaxial Cables b. Optical Fibre

c. Twisted Pair Cable d. Microwaves

Ans. d. Microwaves

6. It is software program that allows multiple users to communicate online in 3D environment.

a. Intranet b. Internet

c. Interspace d. None of these

Ans. c. Interspace

7. A device that is used to connect one LAN with another LAN.

a. Modem b. Bridge

c. Router d. NIC

Ans. b. Bridge

8. A device that is used in a network to amplify dying signals.

a. Repeater b. Bridge

c. Router d. Modem

Ans. a. Repeater

9. Which of the following is not a characteristics of MAN?
a. The size lies between LAN and WAN
b. Data transfer rate is low compared to LAN
c. Cost of setting up this network is higher than LAN
d. The network spans only 100 meters

Ans. d. The network spans only 100 meters

10. Which of the following is the full form of WiMax?

a. Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access

b. Worldwide Internet through Microwave Access

c. Worldwide Intranet through Microwave Exchange

d. Worldwide Internet by Microsoft Extended

Ans. a. Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access

B. Fill in the blanks.

1. Clients are nodes within a network that access resources of the Server.
2. A Hub connects several computers within a network.
3. A Modem is used to convert digital signal to analog signal and vice versa.
4. R epeater are devices which is used to amplify the signal which is being transmitted over a long

distance.
5. Servers are the nodes which facilities the sharing of its software and hardware resources on the

network.
6. The transmission from the earth to the satellite is known as uplink.
7. Infrared waves have its frequency just less than red light.
8. In microwave transmission high towers are used.
9. Optical fibres uses LED/LASER as its source of data transmission.
10. Internet is a network of networks.

C. True (T) or False (F).

1. Networking allows sharing of printers. – T
2. WAN spans over an area near an individual. – F
3. LAN spans over small area, usually within a room or a building. – T
4. PAN spreads overs a very small area usually at the vicinity of a device. – T

Communication Technology 25

5. C lients are the nodes which facilitates the sharing of its software and hardware resources on the
network. – F

6. Bluetooth technology is used for communication is most hand-held devices. – T
7. Optical fibres though expensive, is the fastest and most reliable transmission medium. – T
8. Satellite link is used for radio waves communication. – F
9. Data transmission rate in coaxial cable is slower than the twisted pair cable. – F
10. RJ-45 is an example of Twisted Pair Cable. – F

D. SAQs I

1. How does TCP/IP protocol help in transmitting of data in internet?
Ans. T CP/IPspecifieshowdataisexchangedovertheinternetbyprovidingend-to-endcommunications

that identify how it should be broken into packets, addressed, transmitted, routed and received
at the destination.
2. What is an Intranet?
Ans. Intranet is a local or restricted communications network, especially a private network created
using World Wide Web software.
3. What is an Interspace?
Ans. Interspace is a client or server software program that allow multiple user to communicate online
with real time audio, video and text chat in dynamic 3D environment.
4. Which wireless technology is used in Mobile phones?
Ans. Bluetooth
5. Which is the best guided media in terms of speed and least data transmission failure?
Ans. Optical fibre
6. N ame the access mechanism used to connect a cable to a modem to access the Internet using
telephone lines.
Ans. Dial-Up/Broadband
7. Name the two most common type of copper cabling used in a network where copper is used as
a conductor.
Ans. Twisted Pair and Co-axial
8. WiMax is a wireless transmission of data that is used for various transmission modes. What
does WiMax stand for?
Ans. Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
9. Name the part of an optical fiber which is also called sheath.
Ans. Buffer Coating
10. What is Infrared used for?
Ans. Infrared is used in home-entertainment remote control devices, cordless mouse, intrusion
detectors, etc.

26 Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)

E. SAQs II

1. What are the different types of transmission media used in a network?
Ans. The different types of transmission media used in a network are

• Guided (Wired)
• Unguided (Wireless)
2. What is an optical fibre? What are its different components?
Ans. A n optical fibre is a thin flexible fibre with a glass core through which light signals can be sent
with very little loss of strength.
The different components are Core, Cladding and Buffer Coating.
3. Write a short note on Radio Waves.
Ans. Radio Waves are used as an unguided media. It consists of waves having a frequency ranging
from 3 KHz to 3GHz. It is used for communication over short distances like from a few meters
(as in walkie-talkies) upto covering an entire city.
4. Why are satellite links used even though it is expensive?
Ans. A lthough satellite link systems are expensive, the area it covers compensate for the expenses.
5. State the difference between a Hub and Switch.
Ans. A network hub is designed to connect computers to each other with no real understanding
of what it is transferring. The switch is also like a hub but differs in the way it handles packets
of data. When a switch receives a packet of data, it determines what computer or device the
packet is intended for and sends it to that computer only.
6. What is repeater used for?
Ans. F or long distance transmission of data in a network the transmitted signal may get weakened
after a certain distance. In such situations repeaters are used. Repeaters are devices which is
used to amplify the signal which is being transmitted.
7. What is a Modem?
Ans. A modem is a hardware device that allows a computer to send and receive data over a telephone
line or a cable or satellite connection.

F. LAQs

1. Explain the working of a modem.
Ans. Suppose you want to connect your computer to an Internet Service Provider (ISP) using an

ordinary phone line. The computer at your end needs a modem to modulate its digital signals
(add them on top of an analog telephone signal) so they can travel down the phone line just
like the sound of your voice. Once the signals have reached the other end, they have to pass
through a second modem, which demodulates them (separates them out from the telephone
signal and turns them back into digital form) so the ISP computer can understand them. When
the ISP computer replies, it sends its signals through a modulator back down the line to you.
Then a demodulator at your end turns the signals back into digital form that your computer can
understand.

Communication Technology 27

2. Briefly describe the basic data types that are used in Multimedia.
Ans. The basic data types that forms Multimedia.
T ext: Text in multimedia systems can express specific information, or it can act as reinforcement

for information contained in other media items.
Images: Digital image files appear in many multimedia applications. Digital photographs

can display application content or can alternatively form part of a user interface. Interactive
elements, such as buttons, often use custom images created by the designers and developers
involved in an application.
Audio: Audio files and streams play a major role in some multimedia systems. Audio files
appear as part of application content and also to aid interaction. When they appear within Web
applications and sites, audio files sometimes need to be deployed using plug-in media players.
Audio formats include MP3, WMA, Wave, MIDI and RealAudio.
V ideo: Digital video appears in many multimedia applications, particularly on the Web. As with
audio, websites can stream digital video to increase the speed and availability of playback.
Common digital video formats include Flash, MPEG, AVI, WMV and QuickTime.
G raphic Objects: Special shapes are also used to define different elements in a multimedia. For
example Two- Dimensional (2D) or Three Dimensional (3D) shapes are used to define multimedia
objects. These includes various formats used by image, video editing applications. Examples are
CAD / CAM objects.
Animation: Animated components are common within both Web and desktop multimedia
applications. Animations can also include interactive effects, allowing users to engage with the
animation action using their mouse and keyboard.3. Explain the difference between Data and
Information.
3. Explain the difference between Data and Information.
Ans. D ata are raw facts or attributes given to the computer to get Information (i.e., meaningfully
arranged data). Data can be anything a name, address, number, etc., which when arranged or
processed properly gives us information.
For example, imagine a name “Arijit Mukherjee” and an address “Katmandu”, doesn’t mean
much. But if the data is arranged in the following manner: “Arijit Mukherjee lives in Katmandu.”
This is quite meaningful. Thus we can say when data are processed or arranged properly gives
us meaningful information.
Thus data are simply facts or figures which are bits of information, but not information itself.
These data when processed, interpreted, organized, structured or presented so as to make them
meaningful or useful, are called information. Therefore information always provides context for
data.
The words “Information” and “data” are entwined, whether one recognises them as two
different words or uses them reciprocally, which is common now-a-days. Whether they are
utilized reciprocally depends to some degree on the use of context and grammar of the “data”.

28 Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)

4. What is Wi-Fi? What is Wi-Fi Hotspot used for?
Ans. W i-Fi is the acronym for Wireless Fidelity, which gives you a chance to unite with the web

without an immediate line from your PC to the ISP. For Wi-Fi to work, you require:
• A broadband net connectivity.
• A wireless router transfers your web association from the ISP to the PC.
• A smart phone laptop or desktop with a remote web card or outer wireless connector.
A hotspot is a venue that offers Wi-Fi access. People in generalcan utilize a portable computer,
W-Fi telephone, or other suitable compact gadget to get to the web through a Wifi hotspot.
Hotspots are open areas, (for example, libraries, inns, air terminals and nearby book shops and
restaurants and so on.) with free or nominal fee based remote web access.
5. How does satellite links help in communication?
Ans. S atellites communicate by using radio waves to send signals to the antennas on the Earth. The
antennas then capture those signals and process the information coming from those signals.
Information can include:
• scientific data (like the pictures the satellite took),
• the health of the satellite, and
• where the satellite is currently located in space.

Application Oriented Questions

1. Tarini Fancy Inc. is planning to connect all computers in their Office Building spread over 50
metres of area.
a. S uggest the most economical cable type having high data transfer speed which can be used
to connect these computers.
b. Which type of network (out of WAN, LAN and MAN)?
c. Which device will be used to connect all the computers?

Ans. a. Twisted wire cable
b. LAN
c. Hub/Switch
2. S hobhit wants to create a network for his computers in his office for sharing of hardware and

software resources.
a. What type of network will be formed (LAN, MAN and WAN)?
b. To keep things economical suggest a type of transmission media over a network.
c. What device should be present in each computers for the cable to connect?
d. H e also wants an internet connection for the network, name the device which is primarily

used for the internet connectivity.

Communication Technology 29

Ans. a. LAN
b. Twisted Pair Cable
c. Network Interface Card (NIC)
d. Modem
3. Mr Swapan wants to send a video to Mrs Sinha sitting beside him on her mobile phone. What

networking technology is needed to share a video through the mobile phones? Describe it.
Ans. Bluetooth Technology
It is an unguided media. It is one of the most popular technologies used in hand-held (mobiles

and tablets) devices for transmission of data. Its frequency ranges from 2.402 GHz to 2.480 GHz
and is therefore used for short range communication (approx. 10m). Its data transfer rate is too
slow compared to other waves.
4. C arefully go through the following descriptions and identify what is being talked about?
a. It consist of two insulated wires twisted around each other that provides protection against

noise and cross talk.
b. Disturbance caused due to interference of one signal’s electric or magnetic field into other

signals.
c. It is a device used to convert digital signal to analog vice-versa.
d. It is a software program that allows multiple users to communicate online with realtime

audio, video and text chat in dynamic 3D environments.
e. It is a device which is used to amplify the signal which is being transmitted.
Ans.
a. Twisted Pair Cable
b. Crosstalk
c. Modem
d. Interspace
e. Repeater

30 Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)

5
Operating System

A. MCQs.

1. Which among the following is not an example of an Operating System?

a. Windows 7 b. Linux

c. Unix d. Microsoft Word

Ans. d. Microsoft Word

2. Name the specialized program that acts as a path between the operating system and virtually all
hardware not on the computer’s motherboard.

a. Device Driver b. Virtual Memory

c. System Driver d. None of these

Ans. a. Device Driver

3. Which of the following does not come under the memory management of the Operating System?

a. It keeps track of the main memory and checks which part is in use and by which process. It
also keeps track of the part that is not in use.

b. It checks whether the RAM is physically broken or not and gives a relevant message during the
booting process.

c. It makes a decision on which process will get memory when and by how much.

d. It allocates the memory according to the requirement of the process.

Ans. b . It checks whether the RAM is physically broken or not and gives a relevant message during
the booting process.

4. Which of the following is not the File Management functionality of an Operating System?

a. It handles the organisation and tracking of files and directories (folders) saved or retrieved
from the secondary storage devices.

b. It ensures that a file contain a folder.

c. It does not track the time of creation of a file.

d. It ensures that the secondary memory is not used by any programs.

Ans. b. It ensures that a file contain a folder.

5. Name India’s Linux based Operating System developed at CDAC.

a. Bharat Linux b. Bharat Operating System Solutions

c. India Operating System d. All of these

Ans. b. Bharat Operating System Solutions

6. A very popular Operating System made by Google for hand held devices like Smart Phones and
Tablets.

a. Symbian b. Windows 8

c. Android d. iOS

Ans. c. Android

7. Name the developer of Linux. b. Linus Andrews
a. Linus Benedict Torvalds d. Linus Benedict Simonds
c. Linus Tux

Ans. a. Linus Benedict Torvalds

8. A type of Operating System (O.S) that process inputs simultaneously that is fast enough to affect
the next input.

a. Distributed O.S b. Real Time O.S

c. Interactive O.S d. None of these

Ans. b. Real Time O.S

9. Which of the following do not belong to Android?

a. Honeycomb b. Crispy Cake

c. Kit-Kat d. Ginger Bread

Ans. b. Crispy Cake

B. Fill in the blanks.

1. An Operating System is a software that provides a platform for other applications to be executed.
2. The Distributed operating system allows software and data to be distributed around the system.
3. Booting is the process of loading the Operating System into the memory during start up.
4. B OSS Linux is based upon Debian linux which is one of the most stable Linux distribution.
5. ios is an Operating System used in iPhone’s.
6. Dennis Ritchie was one of the co-creators of the UNIX Operating System.
7. Memory Management is the process through which the Operating System decides which process

gets the processor when and for how much time.
8. The Solaris Operating System is currently maintained by Oracle company.
9. T he Solaris O.S. that allows users to take full advantage UltraSPARC processor based system.

10. In Warm boot the computer is restarted.

C. True (T) or False (F).

1. The iOS is developed and maintained by Apple. – T
2. Real Time and Distributed Operating system behaves same like each other. – F
3. Booting is the process of storing the Operating System into the Hard Disk. – F
4. Tracking of files and folders is the File Management functionality. –T

32 Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)

5. O perating System is not responsible for de-allocating the memory when a process no longer
requires it. – F

6. An Application Software can execute even without an Operating system. – F
7. Symbian is an Operating System developed by Google. – F
8. Android is a very popular Operating System in Apple’s hand-held devices. – F
9. An Application Software allocates the CPU to a process. – F
10. Operating System is also responsible for managing devices. – T

D. SAQs I

1. Why is an Operating System?
Ans. An operating system (OS) is software that manages computer hardware and software resources

and provides common services for computer programs.
2. What is a Interactive Operating System?
Ans. Interactive (GUI based) Operating System: GUI or Graphical User Interface based Operating

System allows the use of icons, windows and menus as tools to interact with the computer.
3. What is Real Time Operating System?
Ans. R eal-time operating system processes inputs simultaneously to such an extent that it is fast

enough to affect the next input or process.
4. State any one function of “Device Management” of an Operating System.
Ans. It is used to keep track of all I/O (Input/Output) devices like monitor, keyboard, mouse, scanner,

etc., and the program responsible for this task is known as the I/O controller.
5. State any one function of Memory Management by the Operating System.
Ans. T he memory management function of an operating system keeps track of the main memory

and checks which part is in use and by which process. It also keeps track of the part that is not
in use.
6. Why is Unix O.S a powerful and flexible O.S?
Ans. Unix O.S uses concepts such as Users, Groups, Permissions and Network-Shared Resources
(such as files, printers, other computer systems, etc.) which is built-in to the core of its design, thus
making it powerful and flexible O.S.

E. SAQs II

1. State two functions of the Memory Management in an Operating System.
Ans. The 2 memory management functions of an OS are:

• The operating system keeps track of the main memory and checks which part is in use and
by which process. It also keeps track of the part that is not in use.

• The operating system makes a decision on which process will get memory when and by how
much.

Operating System 33

2. What is POST?
Ans. When power is turned on, POST (Power-On Self-Test) is the diagnostic testing sequence that a

computer’s basic input/output system (or “starting program”) runs to determine if the computer
keyboard, random access memory, disk drives, and other hardware are working correctly.
3. State three advantages of the Processor Management in an Operating System.
Ans. T he Processor Management functions of an Operating System are:
• The operating system keeps track of the processor and the status of process.
• The operating system allocates the processor (CPU) to a process.
• The operating system is also responsible for de-allocating the processor when processor is

no longer required.
4. What is a Linux Operating System?
Ans. T he Linux open source operating system, or Linux OS, is a freely distributable, cross-platform

operating system based on Unix that can be installed on PCs, laptops, netbooks, mobile and
tablet devices, video game consoles, servers, supercomputers and more.
5. What is Android? Gives three names of the releases of the Android Operating System.
Ans. A ndroid is a mobile operating system developed by Google, based on the Linux kernel and
designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.
Names of Android releases are Cupcake (1.5), Donut (1.6) and Eclair (2.0).

F. LAQs

1. State the activities of an Operating System related to “File Management”.
Ans.

• It handles the organisation and tracking of files and directories (folders) saved or retrieved
from the secondary storage devices.

• It allows the user to perform such tasks as creating files and directories, renaming files,
copying and moving files, and deleting files.

• It keeps track of information, location, uses, status, etc., of the file system.
• It decides which process gets the secondary memory resources, allocates the resources and

deallocate the resources when the process is complete.
2. Write a short note on the symbian Operating System.
Ans. Symbian OS is a smartphone operating system and was the most widely used smartphone

operating system in the world until 2010, when it was overtaken by Android. Symbian OS began
as an operating system called EPOC, which was developed in the 1980s by a company named
Psion. In 1998, in a joint venture with telephone manufacturers Nokia, Ericsson, and Motorola,
Psion became Symbian, Ltd., and EPOC became Symbian OS.

34 Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)

3. State the activities of a Operating System related to “Processor Management”.
Ans.

• The operating system keeps track of the processor and the status of process.
• The operating system allocates the processor (CPU) to a process.
• The operating system is also responsible for de-allocating the processor when processor is

no longer required.
4. Write a short note on the Bharat Operating System Solutions (BOSS).
Ans. B harat Operating System Solutions (BOSS) is a free and open source GNU/Linux distribution

developed at Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (CDAC), Chennai INDIA. BOSS
was originally created using Debian GNU/Linux which is a “LSB certified” Linux distribution.
Thus making it certified by the Linux Foundation for compliance with the Linux Standard Base
standard.

Application Oriented Questions

1. Mr Simonds is planning to use a free open source Operating System for personal use, with a
host of Applications packaged with it. Suggest an Operating System with such requirements
and also the reason for the choice.

Ans. Mr Simonds can go for Linux Operating System not only because it is free because of the
number of application that comes packed with it.

2. Y ou know by now that BOSS is an Indian answer to the multilingual (for Indian languages)
requirement, which keeps it apart from the Operating System generally of the West.
a. Name an Office software that is used in it.
b. Name a fairly heavy graphics software in it.

Ans.
a. Bharateeya OpenOffice
b. GIMP for graphics

3. M rs Sadhana want her personal office PC to be secured and protected. Suggest some builtin
features of the Operating System that gives her the protection and security required.

Ans. S ome of the built-in features of an operating system that would give Mrs Sadhana protection
and security are:
• It allows user accounts for each individual accounts for each user,
• It allows user authorisation can be attained using password protection.
• It allows the user to define and thus allows accessibility of different kind of information for
different people.
• It allows data encryption thus allowing protection of data by making it un-understandable
for those for which it is not meant for.
• It allows data backup for storing data on a peripheral device other than the hard disk.
• In a networked environment, only trusted computers should be able to share data. Some of
the common security threats occur due to hacking, viruses, etc.

Operating System 35

4. M r Rohan just started learning about computer. He is planning to buy a computer system, but
he got stuck with the requirement of the Operating System’s User Interface. Suggest him an
User Interface along with reasons.

Ans. F or Mr Rohan an Operating System that provides Graphical User Interface is more preferable as
it is easy to master without much of an effort unlike a Character User Interface which requires some
effort, because Mr Rohan needs to know the different commands through which he can make the
computer do some task.

5. O ne of the primary features of an Operating System is File Management. State at least three
functionalities of the File Management.

Ans. The File Management feature of an Operating System provides the following functionalities:
• It handles the organisation and tracking of files and directories (folders) saved or retrieved
from the secondary storage devices.
• It allows the user to perform such tasks as creating files and directories, renaming files,
copying and moving files, and deleting files.
• It keeps track of information, location, uses, status etc of the file system.
• It decides which process gets the secondary memory resources, allocates the resources and
de-allocate the resources when the process is complete.

36 Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)

6
Using Windows 7

A. MCQs.

1. Name the thin strip that runs across the bottom of your screen.

a. Taskbar b. Toolbar

c. Desktop d. None of these

Ans. a. Taskbar

2. Which of the following is not a part of System Tray?

a. Clock b. Volume Control

c. Network Status Monitor d. Control Panel

Ans. b. Volume Control

3. Which among the following is used as link to an item which may be a file, folder or a program?.

a. Shortcut b. Recycle Bin

c. Windows Explorer d. None of these

Ans. a. Shortcut

4. Which among the following options is not present in the Start Menu?

a. All Programs b. Search Programs and Files

c. Computer d. Desktop

Ans. d. Desktop

5. ________________ are rectangular area that displays a list of choices.

a. Window b. Menus

c. Dialog Box d. Command Button

Ans. b. Menus

6. Which among the following is used to perform basic calculations in Windows 7?

a. Notepad b. Calculator

c. Keyboard d. Mathematica

Ans. b. Calculator

7. Which among the following buttons is not displayed on the Title Bar when an Application Window
is in Full Screen?

a. Minimise b. Maximise

c. Close d. Restore

Ans. b. Maximise

8. Which among the following is a Graphics utility in Windows 7?

a. Notepad b. Paint

c. Both a and b d. None of these

Ans. b. Paint

9. Which among the following cannot be changed using the ‘Personalization’ group of the ‘Control
Panel’?

a. Desktop Themes b. Wallpaper

c. Screen Saver d. Mouse Settings

Ans. d. Mouse Settings

B. Fill in the blanks.

1. The Desktop shows a wall paper as the background with icons on top it.
2. The Start button is present on the Task bar.
3. The Quick Launch Icons on the Taskbar is used to quickly launch an Application upon a single

click.
4. The System tray is a section of the Taskbar that is used to display the clock.
5. Folders are like containers where files are stored.
6. The All Programs option is present in the Start menu.
7. The Search Box is used to search for items in Windows Explorer.
8. A Dialog box is a child window that is used to provide an alert to the user.
9. The Scroll Bar is used to navigate in a Window.
10. The Recycle Bin is a place in Windows that contains most of the deleted files.

C. True (T) or False (F).

1. Ctrl + Delete is used to remove a file without sending it to Recycle Bin. – F
2. Show desktop button is available in Windows Explorer. – F
3. Context menu is a type of toolbar. – F
4. Windows Explorer allows you to view and organise the contents of your computer. – T
5. Files are containers that stores folders. – F
6. Notepad can perform exactly same functions as a calculator. – F
7. Windows Explorer window shows the Title on the Title Bar. – F
8. The Recycle Bin stores all deleted files/folders. – T
9. The ‘Cut’ option in Windows Explorer is used to Move a file from one location to another. – T
10. Once a file is named in Windows it cannot be further renamed. – F

38 Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)

D. SAQs I

1. What is a Desktop?
Ans. T he background that is seen on the screen as soon as the booting process is over is called the

Desktop, which contains a wallpaper on it.
2. State the difference between a Menu Bar and a Title Bar.
Ans. It displays a menu bar that displays commands and options using drop-down menus. It is

generally used to save space. Title Bar on the other hand is used to display the name of the
Application.
3. What is a Mouse?
Ans. A computer mouse is an input device that is most often used with a personal computer. Moving
a mouse along a flat surface can move the on-screen cursor to different items on the screen.
Items can be moved or selected by pressing the mouse buttons (called clicking).
4. How do you start ‘Paint’ from the ‘Start’ menu?
Ans. To start with Paint click on Start->All Programs->Accessories->Paint.
5. What is a Double click?
Ans. P ressing a computer mouse button twice in quick succession to select a file, program, or function
is called double click.
6. State one function of the System Tray.
Ans. A n area on the right side of the Taskbar on the Windows interface used to display the status of
various functions, such as speaker volume and modem transmission.
7. What is a Menu?
Ans. A menu is a set of options presented to the user of a computer application to help the user find
information or execute a program function.
8. What is a File?
Ans. A file is an object on a computer that stores data, information, settings, or commands used
with a computer program. In a graphical user interface (GUI) such as Microsoft Windows, files
display as icons that relate to the program that opens the file.
9. What is an Address Bar in Windows Explorer?
Ans. The Address bar, also known as the Breadcrumb bar, is the bar at the top of a Windows Explorer
window that displays the currently selected folder or file path location like a folder tree, but
sideways instead.
10. What is a Details Pane in Windows Explorer?
Ans. T he details pane in Windows Explorer is used to see the most common properties associated
with the selected file. File properties are information about a file, such as the author, the date
you last changed the file, and any descriptive tags you might have added to the file.

Using Windows 7 39

E. SAQs II

1. What is the function of a Scroll Bar in a Window?
Ans. A vertical or horizontal bar commonly located on the far right or bottom of a window that

allows you to move the window viewing area up, down, left, or right.
2. State the function of the two buttons of a Mouse.
Ans. Most computer mice have at least two mouse buttons. When you press the left one, it is called

a left click. When you press the one on the right, it is called a right click. By default, the left
button is the main mouse button, and is used for common tasks such as selecting objects and
double-clicking.
T he right mouse button is often used to open contextual menus, which are pop-up menus that
change depending where you click.
3. Explain Frames in Windows.
Ans. T he rectangular area inside which an application runs and the user interacts is called a frame or
frame window. A frame has two major components: the frame and the contents that it frames.
4. How would you use the ‘Click and Drag’ method to move an icon on the screen?
Ans. To click and drag, click the left mouse button, and then highlight the items or text that you wish
to select. In some applications, this will create a box around your selected items. When you
release the mouse, you will be able to drag your selection to a new location.
5. Name the different areas of the Taskbar.
Ans. T he different areas of the Taskbar are -a round Start button, Quick Launch icons, a notification
area, and a clock.
6. What is a Toolbar menu?
Ans. It is a menu bar in the form of a toolbar. It consists of commands in menu button and split
buttons. The commands are generally direct commands.
7. State the difference between a File and a Folder.
Ans. T he basic difference between the two is that files store data, while folders store files and
other folders. The folders, often referred to as directories, are used to organize files on your
computer. The folders themselves take up virtually no space on the hard drive.
8. How would you create a folder?
Ans. T o create a folder simply navigate to a desired location, i.e., inside a folder and right-click. This
will display a popup menu from which you can click New -> Folder. This will create a New Folder
which remains highlighted until you type a new name for it and hit the Enter key or click outside
the text area.
9. How would you rename a file or a folder in Windows?
Ans. To change the name of a file/folder right-click on a file/folder and from the popup menu click
Rename. The name of the file/folder gets highlighted. Now type your desired name and hit the
Enter key or click anywhere outside the text area of the name.

40 Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)

F. LAQs

1. State the process of creating a shortcut for an Application in Windows.
Ans. Open the folder or directory that contains the program you want to create a shortcut for in

Windows Explorer.
1. Right-click on the program and select Create Shortcut.
2. Doing so will create a shortcut named “Shortcut to <your program>” in the current directory.

If you want to rename this shortcut, right-click the file and select Rename.
3. Once the above steps have been completed, you can copy or cut this shortcut and paste it

anywhere to execute this program. You can also rename the shortcut anytime.
2. What is a Text Editor generally used for?
Ans. Text editors can be used to enter program language source statements or to create documents

such as technical manuals without any formatting.
3. Explain the function of MC, MR, MS, M+ and M- buttons in a Calculator in Windows.
Ans. M C: It stands for Memory Clear and is used to clear the memory of the number stored in the

Calculator.
MR: It stands for Memory Recall and is used to recall the number stored in the memory.
MS: It stands for Memory Store and is used to simply store the number on the screen to the

memory.
M+: It adds the current number on the screen to the number stored in memory and updates the

memory with the added value.
M-: It subtracts the current number on the screen with the number stored in memory and

updates the memory with the subtracted value.
4. Explain the process of Running an Application.
Ans. R unning an application is referred to as execution of an application, i.e., making the application

active. To run an application click on Start -> All Programs which shows all the list of installed
applications on your computer and clicking on the application. An application may also be
started by double clicking on the application-icon on the desktop.
5. Explain the processing of changing the System Date and Time in Windows.
Ans.
1. Open Control Panel and scroll through it until you get Date and Time.
2. Clicking on it will bring the Date and Time dialog box. Now click on the Date and Time tab if

not visible.
3. Click on Change date and time button which will bring you the Date and Time Settings dialog

box, where you change the systems date and time.
4. Click the OK button on completion.

Using Windows 7 41

Application Oriented Questions

1. M iss Sweta was working on her computer with Applications Word, Excel and Media Player
open. Suddenly she remembered a file which she needs a hardcopy that is kept on the Desktop.
Suggest the easiest way of accessing the Desktop.

Ans. M iss Sweta may access the Desktop by clicking on Show Desktop button which is on the right
of the clock on the Task Bar.

2. Mr Raghav recently learnt “Numerology” a branch of Astrology in a community workshop. To
try out a live example he took his friend’s date of birth. The problem is he does not know the
dayname on which he was born. Suggest a way that Mr Raghav is able to know the dayname
quiet easily in Windows 7.

Ans. Mr Raghav can click on Date and Time option of the System Tray of the Taskbar and scroll
through the date to locate the day name of the date.

3. M r Arpan at ASITECT Company requires to repeatedly use OpenOffice Writer, Calc or Impress
at his office. As he repeatedly uses these Applications, he kept shortcuts of these applications
on the Desktop. But this did not help much; as every time he started an application he had to
go through the Desktop, which is usually covered by another Application Window.

Is there any other way he could access such Applications fast?
Ans. M r Arpan may Pin or fix applications to the taskbar and access them with a single-click of the

mouse.
4. R onnie had a file named “project.docx” that he created for his Geography Project during the

Summer break. His brother while playing on his computer accidentally deleted the file. Can you
help Ronnie in getting back the “project.docx” file.
Ans. Ronnie may use the search option of the Start Menu for a quick search of the specified file.
5. Akhil got a laptop from his dad on his 11th birthday. He happens to find that the time shown
on the Taskbar is not correct. Suggest a way by which he will change the System time.
Ans. Akhil can use the following steps to change the system time:

1. Open Control Panel and scroll through it until you get Date and Time.
2. Clicking on it will bring the Date and Time dialog box. Now click on the Date and Time Tab if

not visible.
3. Click on Change date and time button which will bring you the Date and Time Settings dialog

box, where you change the systems date and time.
4. Click on OK button on completion.

42 Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)

6. Sunidhi is a lefty and therefore always faces a problem in doing practicals, as the mouse is set
for the right handed person. Suggest a method by which the mouse may be configured for
Sunidhi.

Ans. Sunidhi can use the following steps to configure the mouse for a left handed person:
1. Click on Control Panel -> Mouse.
2. Click on it to get the Mouse Properties dialog box.
3. Click on the Buttons tab and click on the Switch primary and secondary buttons checkbox
will reverse the left and right mouse buttons, i.e., instead of click using the left mouse button
you need to do it using the right mouse button.

7. S ulekha recently hurt her fore-finger and finds it difficult to double-click on the mouse button
to start an Application. Suggest a way through which she can access an Application upon single
click of a button.

Ans. Sulekha needs to follow these steps:
1. Scroll through the Control Panel until you get Folder Options.
2. Click on it, which in turn will present you with the Folder Options dialog box.
3. From the General Tab option, click on the option button single-click to open an item (point
to select) and click on OK or Apply.

Using Windows 7 43

7
Word Processing Using OpenOffice Writer -I

A. MCQs.

1. Which among the following software is not used for Word Processing?

a. OpenOffice Writer b. Microsoft Word
c. Adobe PageMaker d. OpenOffice Calc

Ans. d. OpenOffice Calc

2. Which among the following icons of the Toolbar used to start a New Document?

Ans. a
3. Which among the following icons of the Toolbar used to open an existing Document?

Ans. b

4. Which of the following is not a Font Style?

a. Bold b. Italics
c. Underline d. Capital

Ans. d. Capital

5. Which among the following Toolbars will you find the option to make a text Bold?

a. Standard Toolbar b. Formatting Toolbar
c. Align Toolbar d. Drawing Toolbar
Ans. b. Formatting Toolbar

6. W hich among the following icons of the Formatting Toolbar is used to change the colour of the
Font?

Ans. c

7. T he _________________ alignment aligns selected text to both right and left margin.

a. Left Alignment b. Right Alignment
c. Centered Alignment d. Justified Alignment

Ans. d. Justified Alignment

8. The header and footer option is present in which menu?

a. File b. Edit

c. Insert d. Headers

Ans. c. Insert

B. Fill in the blanks.

1. The Save as option of the ‘File’ menu is used to create a duplicate documents.
2. Untitled 1 is the default name for a Writer document.
3. To Save and Open a Writer document the Standard Toolbar is used.
4. The Bold, Underline and Italics option is present in the Formatting Toolbar.
5. Font Face is a set of characters, including letters, numbers, symbols and punctuators.
6. To type in a series of capital letters the Caps Lock on the keyboard should be pressed.
7. T he Justified alignment aligns text both on the left and right margin.
8. The Leading option of ‘Line Spacing’ in Paragraph formatting allows you to set the height of

vertical spaces between the lines.

C. True (T) or False (F).

1. You can press the Enter key on the keyboard to mark the end of a paragraph. – T
2. The ‘Paragraph’ option is present in the ‘Edit’ menu. – F
3. It is possible to change the amount of space to leave between the lines of text. – T
4. ‘Variable’ is type of ‘Line Spacing’. – F
5. The default extension of an OpenOffice Writer file is .odt. – T
6. The ‘Footer’ option is present in the ‘Format’ menu. – F

D. SAQs I

1. What is a Font?
Ans. A font is a set of printable or displayable text character s in a specific style and size. The type

design for a set of fonts is the typeface and variations of this design form the typeface family.
2. What are the different types of Alignments in Writer?
Ans. The different types of Alignments in Writer are Left, Right, Centered and Justified Alignment.
3. What is a Footer Space?
Ans. The space in a page that places the footer content is called a Footer space.
4. What is the file extension of Writer document?
Ans. The file extension of Writer document is ‘.odt’.

Word Processing Using OpenOffice Writer -I 45

E. SAQs II

1. State the difference between a Header and a Footer.
Ans. H eaders are text and/or graphics that are repeated on the top of every page whereas Footers

are text and/or graphics that are repeated on the bottom of every page.
2. How do you highlight a text in Writer?
Ans. To highlight a text in a Writer document the following steps are to be followed:
a. Select the text to be highlighted.
b. Click on the Highlighting drop-down list found in the Formatting Toolbar (fig. 7.16a).
c. Choose the desired highlight colour according to your choice from the drop-down list.
3. What is a Sidebar in Writer?
Ans. T he Sidebar window by default remains on the right edge of the Writer window. It provides

frequently used tools, grouped in decks. You may click on a tab in the vertical tab bar to choose
a deck.
4. What is a paragraph in Writer?
Ans. A paragraph is a distinct section of a piece of writing, usually dealing with a single theme and
indicated by a new line, indentation, or numbering.

F. LAQs

1. Explain the process of inserting a Header and a Footer in Writer.
Ans. To Insert a Header into a Document

1. Click on Insert Header Default from the menu.
2. This will create the Header Workspace into the document.
3. Click anywhere on the Header Workspace and type in a header, to be repeated at the top of

every page.
To Insert a Footer into a Document

1. Click on Insert->Footer->Default from the menu.
2. This will create the Footer Workspace into the document.
3. Click anywhere on the Footer Workspace and type in a footer, to be repeated at the bottom

of every page.
2. Explain the different line spacing in a paragraph.
Ans. S ingle: This is the default setting that is used to apply single line spacing to the current paragraph.

This option is used to accommodate the largest font in that line along with a small amount of
extra space, which may vary depending on the font that is used.
1.5 Lines: This option is used to specify a line spacing one-and-one-half times that of single line
spacing.
Double: This option is used to specify a line spacing which is twice that of single line spacing.

46 Foundation of Information Technology – IX (Solution)

Proportional: It is used to specify the line spacing proportionate to the current line spacing. The
entry is to be made in percentage, where 100% corresponds to single line spacing.

A t Least: It is used to specify the minimum line spacing that is needed to fit the largest font or
graphic on the line.

L eading: It is used to set the height of the vertical space that is inserted between two lines.
Fixed: It is used to set the line spacing to exactly match the value that you enter in the box.
3. How do you Save a file in Writer?
Ans. To save a document the following steps are to be followed:
1. Click in the File menu.
2. F rom the submenu that appears click on the Save option. Alternately you may click on the

Save button on the Standard Toolbar. If you are saving the document for the first time you will
be presented with the Save As dialog box
3. In the File name Textbox you may type in a file name and click on the Save button to save the
file.
4. In case you have already given a name to the document, upon clicking the Save option from
the File menu you will not be presented with the Save As dialog box. Word will save the
updated document with the changes.
4. In which Toolbar is the Save, Open button available in Writer?
Ans. The Standard Toolbar contains the Save, Open button in Writer.
5. How would you change the Font size of a text in Writer?
Ans. To change the size of the font that is being typed the following steps are used:
1. Select or highlight the text whose font you want to change.
2. Click on the Font Size drop-down list found in the Formatting Toolbar.
3. C hoose the desired font size according to your choice from the drop-down list. You may even
type the font size in case you do not want the default sizes.

Application Oriented Questions

1. M r Rashid while typing a document, usually have the habit of using the Save Button on the
Standard Toolbar to store the document. One day while working suddenly he does not find the
Save Button. Suggest the method to Mr Rashid so that he can again use the Save Button.

Ans. T o view the Standard Toolbar click the following option from the menu bar click on
View->Toolbars->Standard

2. Mrs Sujata has created a test on her students of class 3 on prepositions in OpenOffice Writer.
She had created a paragraph as shown below:

Word Processing Using OpenOffice Writer -I 47