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Published by info.sonyvision, 2021-12-31 01:55:46

GEOMETRY

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.r ..r c c ece c cr..ce
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Pdr Pdr Pdr P ...rr.r..r.rr....rd.r Ð . rcr.7. r.r Ð mr rc
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c c 5r:r. c cr.r:r.
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c c .e.e c crh.e
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ddr Ð dPdr rrrrrrrrrr..rr.drh..e
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r Ð r rcr q r Ð rm r
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q dr.rr Ð m rcr?
c c re.r r q c cre.r
2
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dr dr .r rmr r
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.dr r.dr r rr
Pr rr Ð mr .r m.rr dr
cr5her Ð Prr mrr Pr Ð dm.rc
5.er Ð dPrr
crc .7me cmcrm7e
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c c eee c cr77e
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dr dr .r rmr r
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dr.rr..rrr.rs.r dDDrmr Ð r rcrecer Ð s drc
crc 7ee cmcre7e
h.er Ð mr rcr?
c c m7e c crmee

rm r r sr c c 7. c cr7c
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drr dmr
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Ð rdmr
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rtrmr r r
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Ð md rcr7.erP...r Ð rdmrcr? crc 7ce cmc e.e

dd r dr .r
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Lines and Angles








1. In the given figure, If PQ  RS  QPT = (A) 160º (B) 155º
(C) 150º (D) 145º
115º and  PTR = 20º, then  SRT is equal
4. In the figure below, RT is drawn parallel to
to:
the line SQ. The value of x is:

S
P Q
Q
30º T
110º
R
T
115º 20º
P T xº
75º
60º
S
R
(A) 155º (B) 150º
(C) 135º (D) 95º
2. Two parallel lines are cut by a transversal (A) 85º (B) 45º
then which of the following are tren? (C) 120º (D) 75º
I. Pair of alternate interior angles are con- 5. In the given figure if EC  AB,  ECD =
gruent.
70º,  BDO = 20º, then  OBD is equal to :
II. Pair of corresponding angles are congru-
ent.
III. Pair of interior angles on the same side
E
of the transversal and supplementary. A
(A) I, II and III are true.
(B) I, III are true.
(C) I, II are true. 70º
O
(D) II, III are true. C D
20º
3. AB and CD are two parallel lines. The point
B are C are joined such that.  ABC = 65º, B
A line CE is drawn making angle of 35º with
the line CB. EF is drawn parallel to AB, as
show in figure then  CEF is equal to : (A) 70º (B) 60º
(C) 50º (D) 20º

A B 6. In the following figure  BOP = 2xº,  AOP
65º = 2yº. OC and OD are angle bisectors of
E
F  BOP and  AOP respectively. Find the
35º
value of  COD :
C D

P A G F
D C


B D
C
yº xº
yº xº
I H E
A O B



(A) 80º (B) 120º
(A) 75º (B) 90º
(C) 100º (D) 160º
(C) 100º (D) 120º
10. In the given figure,  a is greater than one
7. In the following figure find the value of
sixth of right angle, then:
 BOC :


C
C F



A B
40º 31º
O A O B
E D
(A) b > 165º (B) b < 165º
(C) b  165º (D) b  165º
(A) 101º (B) 149º
11. In the adjoining figure AE  CD and BC 
(C) 71º (D) 140º
ED, then find Y :
8. Find y. If xº = 36º, as per the given dia-
gram:



A I
A
B
100%

2yº P Q
C 4yº B C
3xº
D yº
R S
D
(A) 36º (B) 16º
(C) 12º (D) 42º
9. In the given diagram AB  GH  DE and GF

BD  HI,  FGC = 80º. Find the value of (A) 60º (B) 80º
(C) 90º (D) 75º
 CHI :


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