036_LOCAL AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT_2017_665

J O H N TO M A N E Y, A NDY PIKE AND ANDRÉS RODRÍGU E Z-POSE

climate change and inequality simultaneously. will produce for society as a whole. In this
We have raised the question of whether and context, there is likely to be a growing a con-
to what extent a simple and undifferentiated cern with the character and quality of growth,
focus on growth is sufficient to meet these especially in the context of a shift to a low
objectives. carbon economy – already evidenced in the
green stimulus packages adopted in places
As we outlined in the introduction to this such as South Korea, Japan and the United
Handbook, context sensitivity is at the heart States. Such an outcome would require action
of the kinds of place-based approaches to at the national (and international) as well as
local and regional and development that the local and regional scale, including inter-
require a detailed grasp of local social and eco- ventions to support development outside
nomic conditions. This requires an approach metropolitan regions.
which emphasises research and evidence in
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630

Index

AAB (company) 430 Atkinson,T. 60
Abuja Treaty (1991) 491 Atlanta 309–11
accounting systems 610–11 Australia 620–23
acquisitions and mergers of companies 403–4 automobile industry 398–9
actor-network theory 250 Ayeni, B. 488, 494
Africa, local and regional development
Baden-Württemberg 142, 337, 381
in 485–94 Bagnasco,A. 383
Africa Free Trade Zone (AFTZ) 491 Baker, J. 611
African Economic Community (AEC) 491 Balakrishnan, G. 194, 208
African Union (AU) 490–1 Bamako Convention (1963) 489
ageing population 624 Banister, D. 189
Agnew, John 261, 263 Barcelona 473–7
Ahmed, Sara 66 Barnes,T. 552–61, 564, 567
Allen, John 153, 250–2, 255–6, 276, 359, 591 Bartik,T.J. 38, 572
Allmendinger, P. 269 Bathelt, H. 129, 157, 416
Alonso,W. 556, 560 Beaumont, E.F. 571
Alperowitz, G. 102 Beauregard, R.A. 570
American Federation of Labour-Congress of Beer,A. 4
Belo Horizonte 93–4
Industrial Organisations (AFL-CIO) 122–4 Benjamin,W. 592
Amin,A. 100–3, 128–9, 206, 262–3, 384, 414, Berlin 122, 299
Bettio, F. 472
418, 589 Bezdek, R. 371
Ananias, P. 93–4 Bilbao 168, 461–6
Antohi, M. 222 biotechnology industry 254–6, 427–9
Arendt, H. 326 Birch, D. 383
Aribisala, F. 50 Birdwhistell, R.L. 151
Arizmendiarietta, J. Maria 230–4 Birkinshaw, J. 403
Asheim, B. 250, 413, 417, 421 Block, F. 22
Asian Development Bank (ADB) 498–500 Bochsma, R.A. 140, 143, 146
Asian financial crisis (1997) 498 Boone, C. 48
Asian Pacific region, cities in 496–504
‘Assemblages’ 277, 591
Athens 473–9

631

INDEX

bottom-up development 333, 336, 340, Champion,T. 189
426, 457, 492 Chantier de l’Economie Sociale 232
Charles, D. 430
Boucher, G. 426 Chen, S. 508
brain drain and brain wastage 455–6 Cheshire, P. 190
branch plants 334–5, 396–401 Chicago Climate Exchange (CCX) 286–9
Brazil 39, 53, 93–5, 223, 233, 621 Chicago School economics 227, 553
Brenner, N. 19, 260, 264, 274, 277, 460, 463, 465 China 36, 40, 59–60, 77, 113, 124, 186, 202,
Bretton Woods system 48–9
British Petroleum (BP) 372, 378 313–14, 405, 500, 502, 507–8, 619–22; areas
Brown, G. 203, 596 for regional development assistance in 534–7;
Brundtland Report (1987) 88–9 finance for regional development in 542–5
Buck, N. 98 Chinese diasporas 498
Budd, L. 347 Christaller,W. 527, 560
budgeting, participatory 609–10 Christie, B. 151
Bulkeley, H. 263–4, 287 Christopherson, S. 134–5
Burdett, R. 326 circuits of capital 110–17, 194–6, 201–3
Burfitt,A. 419 circuits of value 194–204, 207; and making
Burroni, L. 299 of world economic geography 199–201;
Bury, J. 136 ‘orchestration’ of 201; politics and spatialities
‘buzz’ 152–5, 364, 416 of 198–9
cities:‘additive’ growth of 472; in Asian Pacific
Cahill,A. 234 region 496–504; see also city regions
Calcutta 499 citizenship 216
Calhoun, C. 433–4 city regions 184–90, 266–7, 289–90, 500, 517,
Camagni, R. 347 527, 584
Cambodia 244 civil society organisations 51–2, 298, 600, 604
Cambridge University 428–9, 432 Clark, J. 134–5
Cameron,A. 100 Clarke, S.A. 569
Canada 231–2, 432, 515–23 climate change 89, 283–92, 371, 374–5, 523,
‘cap and trade’ model for carbon reduction 289, 375 622, 627
‘capabilities’ approach to development 67–71, clustering 143–5, 151–3, 166–7, 254–5, 339, 400,
406, 413–19, 427–30, 489, 511, 521, 582,
88–90, 85, 627 586–7; definition of 143; of small firms 391
capital accumulation process 272–5, 280 Cochrane,A. 153, 250, 276, 591
capitalism 109–17, 199–202, 228–9, 254, 273, Cockett, R. 584, 586
‘co-determination’ 124
284–5, 392, 460, 467, 574, 581–2, 611–12 Coe, N. 394–5, 407, 416
carbon control regimes (CCRs) 283–92; Coenen, L. 431
co-evolution of institutions and organisations
down-scaling of 287; and inter-territorial 141–3
competition 288–9; as a new politics 287–8 Cohendet, P. 414, 418
caring work 472–3 collective action 35, 40–1; by workers 604–5
Carter, N. 88 Collier, P. 619
Casper, S. 428 colonialism 45–7, 485–7
Castells, M. 428–9 Columbus (Ohio) 438–42, 446
Catalonia 142 Common Agricultural Policy 537–8
Center for Social Innovation (CSI), Stanford Common Market for Eastern and Southern
213–14 Africa (COMESA) 490–1
Centre de recherche sur l’innovation sociale communities of practice (CoPs) 359–60, 413, 416
(CRISES), Montreal 213–14 community-led development 103, 457
‘centres of excellence’ 522 commuting 182–90
Cerny, P. 25–6 company towns 174
Chamberlin, E. 165
Chambers of Commerce 273–4
Chambon, D. 215

632

competition: intra-corporate 402–3; territorial INDEX
30–41, 502–3; time-based 401–3;‘wasteful’
forms of 37–40, 626 Denver 290
Department for Communities and Local
‘competition state’ theory 26
competitive advantage 347 Government 302
competitiveness: as distinct from competition depoliticisation of regional economic policy 584
deregulation 50, 376, 405, 597
346; policy appeal of 349–51; in relation to development: definition of 2; as distinct from
development 97–9;‘revealed’ 347; see also
place competitiveness ‘Development’ 43–4, 52
competitiveness strategies 348–51 development studies 3, 6–8, 44–7, 52, 228,
compulsory competitive tendering 91
computer-mediated communication (CMC) 249, 386
150–1, 155–8 ‘developmental state’ model 406, 408
Congo, Democratic Republic of 325 developmentalism 44–7, 52
containerports 440 Devevey, J.-M. 215
contracting-out of local services 601–2 devolution 259–69, 432; relational approach to
Conyers, D. 47–8
Cooke, B. 47 262–3, 268; territorial approaches to 260–2,
Cooke, P. 142–3, 251, 421, 430–1 267–8
Coombes, M. 187, 189 DHL (company) 446
Corbridge, S. 47 dialogism 555
Cornwall 264–8, 283 Dicken, P. 199, 201, 395, 398, 404–5
Cornwell, J. 233 Disney Corporation 502–3
‘corporate capture’ 408 displacement of labour 571
corporate social responsibility 213 distant networking 415–17, 421
Corus (company) 404 division of labour: corporate 401–2, 409; scalar
Cote d’Ivoire 50 273–4; spatial 565
Coulson,A. 571 Donning, J. 24
Counsell, D. 302 Dornisch, D. 300
Cox, K. 121, 308, 314 Dowding, K. 311
‘credit crunch’ (2008–09) 89, 185, 507, 513, 620 Dubai 441
critical discourse analysis (CDA) 241, 552, 566 Dumont, L. 551, 567
Crotty, J. 400 Duncan, J.S. 555
Cuchumatanes area (Guatemala) 511–12 Durkheim, E. 215, 217
cultural economy, the 162–70; definition of 169; Dymski, G. 5–8
and economic development policy 168–70
cultural political economy (CPE) approach 349–51 East African Community (EAC) 490
Cumbers,A. 416 Eckersley, R. 90
Curitiba (Brazil) 512–13 eco-industrial development (EID) 115–16
cyclical models of industrial change 401 ecological modernisation 88, 285, 290–1
Economic Community of Central African States
Davies, J. 302–3
Davis, M. 324 (ECCAS) 490
Davis, P.K. 156 Economic Community of West African States
Deacon, B. 265
‘deadweight’ 571 (ECOWAS) 490
decentralisation 48, 52, 83–5, 336, 502–3, economic geography 284–5, 356–60, 394, 400–1,

518–21, 624 405, 425, 427, 555; see also new economic
Delaney, D. 260 geography
Deleuze, G. 252 economic growth 84, 335, 563; unevenness of 227
democracy and democratisation 50–1, 296–7, ‘economic imaginaries’ (Jessop and Sum) 349–52
‘economic man’ 556–7
303, 502, 601, 604, 627 economic regions 296
economies of scale and economies of scope
131–4, 169
eco-state restructuring (ESR) 283–7, 291
Edwards, M. 8
Eisenschitz,A. 99–100

633

INDEX

endogenous development 203, 333–41, 396, Finland 323, 429–30
419, 426 ‘flagship firms’ 23
flexible governance 298–302
energy resources and energy efficiency 372–6 flexible specialisation 33, 588
Engels, E. 162 Florida, R. 21, 98, 186, 450, 582–4, 589
Engels, F. 318 food provisioning 90–5; in Brazil 93–4; in
enterprise boards 99–100, 597
entrepreneurs seeking finance 367–8 Europe 91–3; in Ghana 94–5
entrepreneurship: local 338, 502–3; in universities foreign direct investment (FDI) 396–408, 497
Fornahl, D. 144
430; see also urban entrepreneurialism Foucault, M. 241, 252, 255
environmental regulation 283–7, 292 Fougner,T. 349
Epstein, L. 279 France 297, 324, 404, 528
Equalities and Human Rights Commission Francis, P. 48
Frankfurt 445–6
(EHRC), UK 60, 66–9 Frankfurt School 163
equalities policies 64–7 Franklin, B. 214–15
equality of opportunity and equality of Freire, Paulo 233
Frenken, K. 146
outcomes 78 Friedman, M. 586
‘European city’ perspective 461, 466–7 Friedman, S.F. 137
European Commission 348, 382, 414, 528, 587–8 Friedman,T. 18–19
European Roundtable of Industrialists 587 Friedmann, J. 321, 325–6
European Union: budget allocations 537–40; Frisch, M. 324
Fujita, M. 556
cohesion policy 64–5, 213, 321–3, 339, Fujitsu (company) 115
530–1, 537–40, 619; competition and Fuller, C. 402
competitiveness policies 40, 349–50;
economic core territory of 322; emissions Gaile, G.L. 569
trading scheme 287; government finance in Gamble,A. 585
member states of 540–1; inequality in 60–1, Garnaut Report (2008) 623
64–5, 618; innovation policy 414, 419, 431; Garnsey, E. 428
Lisbon agenda 344, 381–2, 417, 420, 537–8; Garofoli, G. 5–9, 383
national governance and fiscal equalisation in gated communities 501
541–2, 545; PHARE program 406; planning gender equality 61–5
policies and systems 318–20; as a political gentrification 188, 474
regime 240, 245; poverty theshold of 77; Germany 320–4
procurement regulations 92; regional policies Gertler, M. 413, 417, 456
142, 321, 528–9, 532, 537, 544, 587–8; single Ghana 50, 94–5, 455, 490
market programme 36; and small firms 381; Gibbons, M. 430
Social Fund 65; structural funds 59, 64–5, 71, Gibson, K. 234
323, 340, 529, 540, 544 Gibson-Graham, J.K. 204
Europeanisation 180 Giddens,A. 17–20, 149
evaluation of local and regional development Glasmeier,A. 375
policy 569–78; realist approach to 573 Glasson, J. 434
evolutionary perspective: on competitive advantage Glick, M. 277
347; on development policy 139–46 global commodity chain (GCC) analysis 129–30
export base theory 562 global financial crisis (GFC) 619–21; see also
externalities 63, 168–9, 415, 445–6
Eyben, R. 44–5 ‘credit crunch’
global production network (GPN) analysis
face-to-face (F2F) interactions 150–8, 416
Fairclough, N. 552–5, 565–6 128–37, 394–6, 400, 402, 407
Farole, G. 420 global regions 19–26; varieties of 23
FedEx (company) 441, 444–6 global value chain (GVC) analysis 129–30
film industry 167
finance gap 357–9, 368–9

634

INDEX

global warming 284, 286; see also climate change Healey, P. 464
globalisation 17–18, 44, 52, 89–90, 128, 166–8, Heffernan, P. 428
hegemony, concept of 241
199, 203–4, 244, 277, 324, 337–8, 372, 426–7, Herrigel, G. 20
444, 497–9, 588, 612, 618–21 Hettne, B. 47
globalism 44, 52 ‘high road’ development 455–7
glocalism and glocalisation 19, 277, 324 Hill, P. 47–8
Goodwin, M. 576 Hirmis,A.K. 347
Gooneratne,W. 492 Hirschman,A. 67, 326
Gordon, I. 186 historical geography 277–8
Gough, J. 99–100, 465 Hobsbawm, E. 199
Govan 301 Holbrook,A. 432
governance: modes of 244–7; multi-level hollowing-out: of industries 404; of knowledge
246, 340, 431–2, 627–8; see also flexible
governance;‘light’ governance systems 421; of the state 260, 278, 301
Grabher, G. 140, 300–1 Holmes, J. 115
Graham, J. 233 Hood, N. 403
Grameen Bank 326 Houphouet Boigny, F. 50, 487
Gramsci,A. 43, 241 House of Lords Select Committee on Economic
Grant-Thornton business index 307
Greater London Authority 452 Affairs 457
Greater London Council (GLC) 99–100 housing supply 608–9
Greece 385, 473 Hovey, H.A. 571
‘green’ economic development 371–9; in US ‘hub and spoke’ structures 23–4
375–9 hubs of transportation 441–4
‘green state’ polity 87–90, 95 Hudson, R. 63–4, 100, 151, 250, 464
Gregory, D. 558 human capital 406–7, 430, 456, 622
Griffith, I. 485 Human Development Index (HDI) 60, 68, 619
gross domestic product (GDP) per capita 348, humanist thinking 318
531, 540 Hurricane Katrina 523
gross value added (GVA) per capita 67–71 Hutchful, E. 50
growth centres 487–8
growth coalitions 289, 309–14 Ilion (Greece) 388–9
‘growth machine’ concept 308–11, 314 Imbroscio, D. 102
growth models 84–5 immigration: economic impact of 457; flows
‘G20’ group of countries 620
Guattari, F. 252 of 185; policy on 449–53, 456; and
Gunasekara, C. 430 uneven development 455–7; see also
migrant workers
Hahn (Germany) 446 incubators 233
Haila,A. 461 India 36, 47, 53, 59, 456
Hall, P. 325, 428–9 Indonesia 406
happiness, economics of 611 industrial districts 19– 20, 23–4, 169, 251, 299,
Harding,A. 311, 314, 585 337, 339, 381–5, 413–15, 605
Harrison, B. 251 inequality 59–72, 74–80, 619–20, 624–8
Harrison, G. 52 informal practices of social and economic life
Harrison, R. 357–8 386–7, 471–2, 493
Hart, G. 43 information and communication technologies
Harvey, D. 17–18, 120–1, 193, 253, 273, 277–8, (ICT) 149–51, 155–8, 413–16
infrastructure investment 291, 512
307–8, 313–14, 466–7, 553, 584, 590 innovation 335–6, 510–11
Haughton, G. 302 innovation networks 413–21
Haughton, P. 269 innovation policies 139–40
Häussermann, H. 461 innovation systems 489, 521; territorial
250–1; see also regional innovation systems;

635

INDEX

social innovation; technological innovation; Keynes, J. M. (and Keynesianism) 562–3, 583,
territorial innovation models 585, 588
‘innovative milieu’ perspective 415
input-output analysis 444 Kiesler, S. 156
institutional geography 273–6 Kitson, M. 344, 347
‘institutional thickness’ 128–9, 133 knowledge: creation of 149–54, 157; different
institutions, definition of 272
integrated area development 221–2 types of 417, 430; networks of 416
Intel (company) 445 ‘knowledge economy’ concept 622
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Kobe earthquake 504
(IPCC) 286, 622 Krinsky, J. 576
International Labour Organisation (ILO) 489, 508 Kropotkin, P. 383
International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Krugman, P. 5, 33–4, 344, 347, 556
Union 122 Kuhn,T.S. 556
International Longshoremen’s Association (ILA) Kunshan 497
124–5 Kuznets, S. 60
International Monetary Fund (IMF) 48–50, 381, Kyoto Protocol 286, 523
486, 509 Kypseli (Athens) 476–9
International Organisation for Migration
(IOM) 449 labour markets 84–5, 175, 187; see also travel-to-
investment regionalism 135 work areas
inward investment 40, 396
Ireland 24–5, 532, 620 labour mobility 21–3, 121
Isard,W. 556 Labour Party 100, 597
‘islands of development’ 340 labour unions 122–5, 179
Italy 92, 95, 251, 261, 263, 299–301, 337, 381–7, land-use planning 320, 322
463–4, 473 language: main features of 554–6; role of 552–3,
Izushi, H. 300
565–7
Jacobs, J. 234, 326 language consciousness 555, 567
Jakarta 498, 502 Las Vegas 166
Jalisco (Mexico) 511–12 Latin America 508–11
James, R. 48 Latour, B. 250
James,T.S. 575 Lawton Smith, H. 429
Jameson, F. 586 Layard, R. 611
Janelle, D.G. 441 Leadbeater, C. 298
Japanese manufacturing methods 20–1, 399 learning, local and regional 338–9
Jessop, B. 241, 260, 349, 351, 552 learning processes 149–57, 415–17
Johnson, B. 452 ‘learning regions’ 141–2, 251
Jonas,A.E.G. 278–9 Lecocq, F. 622–3
Jones, K. 260–1 Lee, R. 101, 198, 207
Left local politics 595–612; strategic ideas for
Kantor, P. 98–9
Karamanos,A. 428 599–600
Kasarda, J. 444–5 Leitner, H. 260, 351
Kastoria (Greece) 388 Leng, J. 404
Katz, B. 520–1 Leslie, L.L. 426
Kaufmann,A. 300 Lester, R.K. 20, 22
Kaunda, K. 487 Lever,W.H. 318
Keeble, D. 428 Levy, D.L. 133
Keller, M. R. 22 Leydesdorff, L. 426
Kenyatta, J. 487, 490 liberal market economies 23
liberalism, classical 585–6
life cycles: industrial 144–5; of products 401, 403
‘light’ governance 298–301
Livingstone, K. 100, 103, 289
‘local dependence’ 121

636

INDEX

local development 513; in Africa 492–4; Mebyon Kernow 264–8
economic 196–7, 203–7, 273–80, 518–19; and Memphis 441–2
economic recovery 509–13 Menger, P. 166
Menzel, M.-P. 144
local exchange trading schemes (LETS) 101, 116, mergers and acquisitions 153, 384–5
606, 611 metaphors, use of 553–5
metropolitan areas 176, 296, 322, 520
localism 52–3, 275–7, 296, 312 Mexico 124
locality studies 564–5 micro-finance 222, 326
lock-in 35, 134, 140–6, 153, 339, 416; types of 140 micro-regions 17
Łódz´ region 300–1 migrant workers 385, 449–55, 470, 498, 624;
Loewendahl, H.B. 405
Logan, J. 308–9, 312 contribution to local economies 476–7;
log-rolling 279 female 472–3, 476–9; housing for 474–6; use
logistics 438–9, 442–6 of public spaces by 477–8
London 452–3, 456–7, 531 migration,‘Mediterranean’ model of 470–3
Lösch,A. 557 migration patterns 182–90, 323; non-labour 187
Loveridge, S. 38 Milan 461–6
Lovering, J. 344, 348 Milanovic, B. 60
Lufthansa (company) 445 Millennium Development Goals 76, 494, 619
Lula da Silva, Luiz Inácio 93–4, 621 Minns, R. 357
Lumumba, P. 490 Mitchell, D. 193
Lyon 297 Mitchell,T. 562
mobility of individuals 157
McCall, L. 62 modernisation theory 47, 179
McCallum, D. 216 Mollenkopf, J.H. 277
McGuirk, P. 312 Molotch, H. 165, 274, 308–13
McKay, D. 234 Mombasa 442
Mackinnon, D. 416 Mondragón Cooperative Corporation 230–3
McMichael, P. 44, 46 money cultures 359
Macneill, S. 419 Monfort, P. 60–1
macro-regions 17 Morgan, K. 251, 416
Maersk Line 441, 446 Mossberger, K. 311
Magrini, S. 190 Motorola (company) 406–7
Mair,A. 121, 308, 314 Moulaert, F. 22, 135–6, 299
Makinda, S.M. 489 Mowery, D. 22
Malmberg,A. 415, 434 Mrak, M. 538
Mamdani, M. 46, 48 multinational enterprises (MNEs) 18, 167, 251,
managerialism 307 334, 409; see also transnational corporations
Mance,A. 602 Municipal Development Partnership for Eastern
Mandel, E. 199–202 and Southern Africa 493
Manila 503 Murdoch, J. 551–2
Marcuse, P. 467 Murphy, J.T. 7
Marginson, S. 426 Murray, R. 100
Markusen,A. 144
Marshal,A. 383 Naples 473, 475, 477
Martin, R. 140–1, 144, 357 national plans 47–8
Marx, K. 275, 284, 383 Neamtan, N. 232
Marxist theory 62–3, 109–10, 249, 308, 563 Neilson, J. 129
Maskell, P. 415 neoclassical approach to regions 556–61
Mason, C. 357–8 neoliberal urbanism 460–7
Massey, D. 103, 153, 278, 351, 403, 562–3 neoliberalism 18, 44, 49–52, 61, 72, 87–9, 91–2,
Maxey, L. 290–1
Meadowcroft, J. 88 98–9, 115, 286, 289, 349, 351, 382, 384, 405,

637

INDEX Oxford Brookes University 434
Oxford University 429, 432
407, 455, 460–1, 519, 562, 567, 581–93, 597,
604, 612, 618–21; definition of 585–6; legacy Paasi,A. 259, 268
of 596–8; and regional analysis 582–3 Painter, J. 576
networks 299–300 path dependence 140–6, 153, 157, 175–6, 180,
New Delhi 496
new economic geography (NEG) 625 254, 256, 402–3, 418
New Economics Foundation 290 Patrucco, P.P. 299–300
New Partnership for Africa’s Development de Paula, S. 5–8
(NEPAD) 491 pay differentials 61–3
new regionalism 128–9, 151, 250–1, 297, 381–2, Peck, J. 49, 261, 311, 466, 575
385, 387, 492, 581–93; political sociology of peripheral regions 396, 398, 401, 420, 426, 625
589–91 Perroux, F. 325
New Right thinking 99 Perry, B. 432
New York City 122, 520, 522 Peru 453–4
Newcastle 461, 464–6 Pfeiffer, U. 325
Nigeria 221, 455 Phelps, N.A. 399–402, 408
Nissan Corporation 288 Philippines, the 234, 453
Nkrumah, K. 487, 490 Phillips,A. 46
Nokia (company) 24, 430 Pickerill, J. 290–1
Nomenclature des Unités Territoriales pour la Pickett, K. 76–7, 611
Statistique (NUTS) classification 528–34, 544 ‘picking winners’ policy 420
non-governmental organisations (NGOs) 51, Pijl, K van der 590
179, 492–3 Pike,A. 59–60, 149, 187, 301, 333, 353, 585
North, D.S. 272 Pinderhughes, R. 378
North, P. 101–2 Piore, M. 19–22, 383
North American Free Trade Agreement ‘pipelines’ 416, 421
(NAFTA) 516 place competition 31–2, 40
North Carolina Research Triangle 24 place competitiveness 32–3, 40, 344–54; critique
Northeast-Midwest Institute 519
The Northern Way 264–8 of 352; definitions of 345–8; policy discourse
Novy,A. 299 on 347–9
Nussbaum, M. 90 place entrepreneurs 309
Nussbaumer, J. 135–6 planning policies and systems 318–27
Nyerere, J. 487, 490 ‘platform policy’ on innovation 421
Poland 406–7
Obama, B. 288–9, 523, 621 Polanyi, K. 43, 52
Obudho, R.A. 492 politics of local and regional development
oil prices 49 306–27; origin of work on 306–7
Oinas, P. 149 Pollin, R. 371
Okumu, F.W. 489 pollution control 286, 291
Olympic Games 502 Porter, L. 103
organic farming 387 Porter, M. 33, 143, 335, 345–7, 419, 521, 582,
Organisation for African Unity (OAU) 490–1 586–9
Organisation for Economic Cooperation post-development 226–34
post-modernism 582
and Development (OECD) 77–8, 97, 296–7, post-socialism 172, 180; and regional disparities
322, 349–50, 414, 463, 465, 508, 571, 574, 176–7
625–6 post-structuralism 249–56, 552
Organisation of Oil Exporting Countries Potter, C. 20
(OPEC) 49 poverty 76–81, 600, 624, 628
Osaka 498 poverty reduction strategies (PRSs) 51
Östhol,A. 299 poverty trap 81
outsourcing 114

638

power: definitions of 249, 252; spacial INDEX
vocabularies of 251–3
regional policy 420–1, 426, 624; changing
Power, D. 434 emphasis of 97
power relations 133–7, 198, 249–56, 403, 421
Prescott, J. 266 regional science 556
‘prisoner’s dilemma’ situations 38 regional service class (RSC) 589–93
Pritchard, B. 129 regionalism, territorial 517–18
privatisation 75, 203, 375, 597 regions: definition of 527–8; types 420
product-cycle model 401 regulation theory 277–80, 285, 570, 574–7
productivity 346–7 regulatory arbitrage 405
proximity to other firms 150–4, 157–8, 415–17 Reich, R. 18–19, 345
Pryke, M. 359 ‘related variety’ policy 420–1
public goods 33–4 remittances 453–7, 476
public-private partnerships 169, 287, 289, 297, Renner, K. 589–90
‘resilience’ 3, 76, 229
307–8, 312, 590 Rhodes, R. 303
public procurement policies 90–4, 116 Rice, R.E. 156
public services 81–2 Robins, K. 384
Pudup, M. B. 563–5 Robinson, J. 165
Rocha, C. 94
Quah, D. 60 Roche, B. 450
quality of life indicators 573 Rodríguez,A. 299
Quebec 231–3 Rondinelli, D. 50
Quintas, P. 429 Roosevelt, F. D. 519–20
Rosamund, B. 349
‘race to the bottom’ 33, 295, 457 Rotterdam 324
‘race to the top’ 288, 502 ‘Route 128’ 415, 427–9
Raco, M. 263 Rowe, J.E. 6
Rafaela (Argentina) 512 Russia 202–3
railway networks 486–7 Rutherford,T.D. 115
Raines, P. 399–401, 408
Rajaram, K. 208 Sabel, C. 19–20, 383
Rakodi, C. 47 Sachsen-Anhalt 532–3
Rallet,A. 157 Salazar, M. 432
Ramachandran, L. 434 Samoff, J. 48
Rant,V. 538 Samuelson, P. 556
rationalism 561 Sanderson, I. 570
Ravallion, M. 508 Santos, B. de Sousa 226
Raybould, S. 189 Savitch, H. 98–9
Reading 302 Saxenian,A. 427–8, 456
Reagan, R. (and Reaganomics) 49, 520, 585, 618 Sayer,A. 276, 278
regime theory see urban regime theory Scania (Sweden) 431
‘regional assets’ 131, 134, 395–6, 407–9, 420–1 Schoenberger, E. 403
regional competitiveness, definitions of 346–8 school meals 91–4
regional development 335, 433, 486–92, 521, Schumpeter, J. 215, 217, 557
science parks 24, 420, 429, 431–2, 622
584; definition of 130, 137; neo-classical science policy 426, 521
models of 556–62 Scotland 254–6, 398, 451–2
regional development agencies (RDAs) 59, 65, Scott,A. 5–9, 184, 383
71, 252, 265–8, 301, 432, 561, 591, 597 Scott, S. 434
regional identity 336 Scottish Enterprise 255
regional innovation systems (RISs) 142–4, Seattle 289
339–40, 413–14, 417–20, 430–1, 522 Second World War 48
regional planning 184, 320 Sekia, F. 22

639

INDEX

self-containment in work and residence patterns Southern African Development Community
186–8; see also travel-to-work areas (SADC) 491

semiosis 565 Southern Growth Policies Board 519
Sen,A. 6, 9, 45, 66, 88–9, 627 Soviet Union 202–3
September 11th 2001 attacks 523 Spain 168, 230–1, 461–6
Servillo, L. 213 spatial development policies 321–4
severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) 504 ‘spatial fix’ concept 120–1
Seyfang, G. 290 ‘spatial imaginaries’ 551–2, 556, 563–7
Shalizi, Z. 622–3 spatial networking 222–3
Shanghai 499 spheres of influence 486–7
Shaw, G. 386 spillover effects 131, 141, 297, 334, 400, 406, 421,
Shaw, K. 103
Sheffield 99 425, 427
Shenzhen 441, 497 spin-offs 415, 420–1, 428
Short, J. 151 Sproull, L. 156
Siemens (company) 115, 375, 378, 402, 408–9 states:American 279; definitions of 239, 241;
Sierra Leone 51
Silicon Glenn 402, 406 essential character of 240–4; role of 89–90,
Silicon Valley 20–2, 25, 299, 381, 383, 415, 427–9, 113, 239, 284, 353, 446, 585, 621; territorial
structure of 278–80
432, 456, 521 steady-state economics 627
Singapore 24–5, 142, 405–8, 440–6, 498–504 steel production 403–4
Sklair, L. 599 Stenning,A. 185
skyscrapers 496, 500–1 Stern Review (2007) 623
Slater, D. 48 Stiglitz-Sen Commission 352
Slaughter, S. 426 Stimson, R. 6
slow-food movement 216 Stockmayer,A. 492
slum conditions 324 Stoker, G. 310–13
small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) 251, Stone, C. 308–13
Storper, M. 8, 20, 151, 346, 383
302, 335, 339, 381–92; categories of 391; data Stough, R.R. 6
on 386; definition of 385 strategic coupling 131–7, 395–6, 400, 409
‘smart growth’ 98, 189, 289, 352, 520 Structural Adjustment Programmes 48–50, 75, 587
Smith,A. 78 Stuttgart 297
social capital 430, 512, 600 Subramaniam,V. 48
social economy concept 100–1, 116–17, 231–2, Sudjic, D. 326
597, 607 Sum, N.-L. 349
social enterprise 326, 602 Sunderland University 434
social information processing theory 156 Sunley, P. 140–1, 144
social innovation 212–23; definition of 214–15; supply chains 114
use of term 212–13 surplus value, theory of 109–15, 120, 195, 228–9,
social oppressions 607–8 253, 273
social presence theory 155 ‘sustainability fixes’ 287
social protection 80–3 sustainable communities 189–90, 302
social relations of value 198, 204–8 sustainable development 3, 50, 98, 283, 286,
socialism 47, 172–3, 180, 611 290–1, 325; definitions of 88–9, 372–3; as a
Soguk, N. 208 new narrative 87–9, 95
Song, M. 156 sustainable livelihoods 228
Sony (company) 445 sustainable logistics 445
South Africa 488–9, 492–3 Svensson, B. 299
South Korea 405 Switzerland 243–4
South West of England 65, 264–8, 288 Swyngedouw, E. 260–1, 299, 373
Southern African Customs Union Sydney 312, 501, 504
(SACU) 490 systems houses 164

640

INDEX

tacit knowledge 157, 413–17 Turner, Lord 621
Taiwan 456, 496–7 Turok, I. 39, 572
Tanjung Pelepas 446
Tanzania 487 Uganda 48
targeting of development policies 521–3 Uitermark, J. 467
Tata Steel 404 ‘underclass’ concept 80
Taylor, P. 464 unemployment 508
Taylor, I. 492 United Arab Emirates 243
Teaford, J. 277 United Nations 94, 286, 324; Commission
Technological Centre do Couro, Calçadoe Afins
for Human Settlement (UNHCS) 488;
(CTCCA) 512 Conference on Trade and Development
technological innovation 164, 216, 445, 622 (UNCTAD) 491–2; Development
technology transfer 432–3 Programme (UNDP) 60, 64–9, 506, 619;
teleworking 183 Environment Program 213
Tennessee Valley Authority 519–20 universities’ role in regional development 425–34
territorial innovation models (TIM) 135–6 Unwin, C. 345
Thatcher, M. (and Thatcherism 49, 91–2, 99–100, urban competitiveness 348
urban entrepreneurialism 307–14, 590
564, 585, 618 urban millennium 324–6
Theodore, N. 460, 463–6 urban regime theory (URT) 274, 276, 280,
‘third sector’ 606–7 308–14
Thomas, K.P. 38 ‘urbanalization’ (Muñoz) 465
Thornhill, J. 202–3 urbanisation 174, 499–501, 620; and social
Thrift, N. 128, 553, 565, 589 polarisation 500–1
Thünen, J. H. von 557–60 urbanism 320, 460–7
Thurow, L. 345 Uyarra, E. 145
Tickell,A. 49, 311, 575
Tiebout, C.M. 33–4 value: definition of 109, 135; flows of 109–17; see
time dollars 116 also circuits of value; social relations of value
time-to-market 401
Tödtling, F. 143, 300 value-added chains 222–3
top-down development 9, 334, 382, 581, value capture 133–4
values 624–5
587, 625 Veltz, P. 322
Torre,A. 157 venture capital 356–69, 429; in the North
tourism 386–7
Tower Hamlets 102 East and East Midlands of England 360–8;
Toyota (company) 399 relational perspective on 359–60
trade fairs 154–5, 167 Vienna 299
transaction costs 38 Vietnam 434
transition towns 102–3, 290 virtual interaction 158
transnational corporations (TNCs) 18, 130–1, Volcker, P. 621

134, 136, 175, 178, 251, 255, 372–3, 394–409, Wales 268–9, 300–2, 398, 400, 408, 419, 562, 587
429, 621; see also multinational enterprises Walker, R. 151, 276
transportation networks 438–46 Wanfan, L. 156
travel-to-work areas 527, 531, 545; see also Washington consensus 49, 486
self-containment in work and residence Weber,A. 557
patterns Weber, M. 215, 217, 239–40
trickle-down effects 75, 227, 433 Weiss, M. 276
Trippl, M. 143 welfare benefits 80–3
tropes, use of 554 welfare-to-work 82–4
trust 158 Weller, S. 167
trusteeship 43–7, 52 Whiteside,A. 488
Turkey 587

641

INDEX World Development Reports 82, 227–8, 324
World Social Forum 230
Whitford, J. 20 World Trade Organisation 222
Wilkinson, R. 76–7, 611
Williams,A. 386 Yeung, H.W.-C. 396
Williams, C. 101 Yokohama 441
Williams, E. 151 Young, C. 45
Williams, R. 229–30 Young, S. 394
Williamson,T. 102–3 Yunus, M. 326
Wilmington (Ohio) 442, 445–6
wind turbines 408 ‘zero-sum’ policies 37–8
Wishart, D. 551 Zhu, J. 314
Wishlade, F. 541–2 Zimbabwe 453, 488
Wood,A. 273, 400 zoning policies 276–7, 289
workers’ organisations 119–21; see also labour Zukin, S. 188

unions; Left local politics
‘workfare’ 83, 577, 602
World Bank 48–51, 97–8, 178, 213, 381, 486,

492, 498, 587, 602, 625

642