35 the Naval Civil Works Department was divided into five sections, with the officers registered in the Navy Directory of 1923 (B.E. 2466) as follows: 1. Section 1 (Machinery Inspector) 2. Section 2 (Ship Inspector) 3. Section 3 (Workshops) with four units: a. Workshop Division b. Royal Dockyard Division c. Carpenter Division d. Depot Division 4. Section 4: Construction 5. Petty Officer School, Engineering Corps Division In this reorganization, there was no longer thetechnician inspector divisionand the blacksmith division. The Design and Estimation Division and the Electrical Division were combined into a subsection under the Workshop Division. After the reorganisation, on 21 April 1923 (B.E. 2466), H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse requested temporary leave due to an illness. “Normally, if you own a boat, you must be able to fix it yourself. This is a core strategy. If you cannot fix it yourself, you should not own one.” These are the words of H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse who stressed the importance of the Royal Dockyard works as well as the fact that the Navy must develop its potential to be strategically self-sufficient. His Royal Highness raised awareness of the role and the mission of the Naval Dockyard Department in maintaining and improving material assets of the Navy to have sufficient capability for maintaining the ships and keeping pace with technological advances. Currently, the Royal Thai Naval Dockyard’s main duty is ship repair and ship building, which has been conducted since the reign of King Chulalongkorn, Rama V. Other missions include facilitating research and development concerning ships, aircraft, combat vehicles and equipment, and other technically related fields, as well as technical supplies and logistics. Its duties also include providing training and learning of other subjects as assigned. The Dockyard Headquarters is currently located in Sattahip District, Chon Buri Province.
36 The Establishment of the Navy Cremation Section H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse established the Navy Cremation Section with the purpose of arranging honorable funerals for navy personnel. On his way back from inspecting the ceremonial barge boat shed, His Royal Highness walked past the graveyard of Rakhang Kositaram Temple where he saw the funeral of a navy personnel who was cremated as a civilian stripped of any navalhonour. Thus, His Royal Highness granted permission toestablish a Navy Cremation Section on 15 October 1922 (B.E. 2465) with himself registered as member number 15 and was listed as “Honorary Member” number 1, on the wreath “Honorary Member of the Navy Cremation Section”. H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse was, incidentally, the first member of the Section to pass away. His initiative to establish the Navy Cremation Section reflected how much he emphasized the dignity of Thai navies who deserved to be honored equal to other military services. Funeral Wreath of the Royal Siamese Navy Minister of the Navy, the Last Position in His Royal Highness’ Life King Rama VI appointed Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse as the Minister of the Navy on 1 April 1923 (B.E. 2466). Unfortunately, after serving as the Minister of the Navy for a short period of time, His Royal Highness asked for permission to resign from the Navy
37 due to sickness that required treatment. His Royal Highness then traveled to Hat Sai Ri Subdistrict, at the mouth of the Chumphon River. After His Royal Highness resigned from the navy on 17 April 1923 (B.E. 2466), the Ministry of the Navy arranged for H.T.M.S. Chen Thale to be his transport, and the Naval Medical Department appointed one doctor and nurses to accompany him. Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse departed Bangkok on 21 April 1923 (B.E. 2466), heading for the south of the Chumphon River delta. During his time in Chumphon Province, he was caught in the rain and fell ill. After only three days, His Royal Highness passed away on 19 April 1923 (B.E. 2466) at Hat Sai Ri Subdistrict at the age of forty-four. On the 20 May 1923 (B.E. 2466) H.T.M.S. Chen Thale brought his body from Chumphon Province to Bangna, where his body was then moved to H.T.M.S. Phra Ruang for transfer to Bangkok. The passing of Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse brought deep sorrow to all Thai navy personnel. On this occasion, His Majesty King Rama VI arranged funeral rites until 24 April 1923 (B.E. 2466) when a royal cremation was held for His Royal Highness at the Royal Crematorium specially built for the ceremony in Sanamluang. In 1993 (B.E. 2536), the Royal Thai Navy announced the 19 May of every year to be “Abhakara Day.” Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn’s Genius Apart from Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn’s genius in naval science, his distinguished talents were obviously shown in medicine, painting and music composition. His masterpieces have been witnessed by the public for ages. His Genius in Writing: Valuable Pieces to the Royal Thai Navy Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn had talent in writing related to the navy and was interested in music, drama, and Thai boxing. He wrote a number of songs which not only harmonized the spirits of navy personnel, but also reflected their way of life as well. Maritime Strategy Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn presented his book titled “Maritime Strategy” to King Rama VI on 1 April 1913 (B.E. 2456), Thai New Year in the past. The book written by Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn
38 comprised 10 chapters reflecting valuable and interesting ideas about strategies in making wars. “Maritime Strategy” reflects the thought of modernizing the navy. Objectives were set to develop the defence force and strengthen the naval force, as well as stressing its role in the future during the changing period. It mentioned how personnel should be improved and how to prepare officers to be able to replace foreign staff. The primary focus was to train personnel to navigate ships and use weapons. Afterwards, they were taught strategies and war tactics when the Siamese navy was more equipped, as written in the preface of the book. The Maritime Strategy book was divided into sections. Section 4, “Sea Wars”,expressed the vision of how to utilize the sea. It mentioned the importance of owning and controlling the sea. Section 8 was about War Strategy with a Small Naval Force. Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse stated that regardless of the size of the Siamese Navy, enemies would be kept at bay, hesitated, if we had well thought-out plans and effective strategies. Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn composed two songs which instilled the navy mind and awareness into naval cadets and navies. These songs, Lao Dumnernsai or Sunak leab hat and COMIN ‘THRO’ THE RYE or Dok Pradu, were sung by navy personnel whenever they had line formation, evening prayers or when they went trekking. Later, he composed more songs such as Go Forward, The Sword of the Country, and so on. The analysis of his three compositions will prove how his works could encourage personnel and cadets to express patriotism and courage when facing enemies. Dok Pradu song clearly illustrates the true meaning of being sailors in the navy performing their duties to protect the country. If they die while on duty, it is considered that “they died with honour.” It also provides a reference to the R.E. 112 Incident, and it is a good reminder to all personnel about military affairs and national security that the audience of younger generations should continue to uphold. The R.E. 112 Incident was recorded in the song and portrayed as the event that Siam lost its territory to France. The composer, Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn, recalled the incident and encouraged himself with the determination to modernize and westernize the Siamese Navy one day. He also warned the Siamese Navy to be prepared with the fighting capability and war readiness for any unexpected situations so that the nation could maintain sovereignty. He symbolized the determination by comparing that to the sinking of a ship. Although the ship is
39 capsizing, the Siamese Navy will never cease to fight and will continue to uphold their dignity and sovereignty until all go down with the ship. Therefore, the composition “Dok Pradu” had become the symbol and the motto of the Siamese Navy engraved on all personnel’s hearts, treasured as the most important lesson they must practice. For general audience, the song conveyed the message of the importance ofharmony,unity,and collaborationto protect thenation, whichis the dutyofallThai people. Dying on duty is considered an honorable death. The Sword of the Country is a quatrain composed by Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn during the same time of the Dok Pradu composition. The lyric symbolizes the readiness of military men as they must always “be prepared for the fight.” This is compared to a sword which must be sharpened constantly, just like military men needs constant trainings. Waltz is the song’s rhythm and is different from other songs’, which are soul-stirring. Go Forward is like a history and autobiography of Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn’s life during the time he served in the Navy. Even though he dedicated himself with hard work and full effort to develop and modernize the Navy, in some circumstances, he was misunderstood. However, he still adhered to the determination to reform the Navy for the stabilization. For this reason, Go Forward song contains the tone showing the complaints about life, with consolation for the unfairness in life. It is a lesson for all military personnel to be courageous with life, to have determination, and to set goals for the future without fear of obstacles. “We could not predict the future, but we had to go forward.” stated in the lyrics. This portrays the unexpected events in life that could happen. Doing good deeds doesn’t guarantee the reward of positive paybacks. Therefore, we all have to understand that this is the natural way of life. Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn also taught about worldly conditions everybody would face: gains and losses, fame and obscurity, praises and blames, happiness and pain. Therefore, everybody should be conscious, unshakable and not attached to anything. Moreover, Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn emphasized on cultivating the awareness of dignity and honor for all navies. Naval audience is encouraged to possess love and loyalty to the navy, be fearless of death, and be tolerant to difficulties in lives. Although death is the truth of life, inevitable, it’s the same as praises and blames which
40 are considered normal circumstances that could happen in life. The same principle goes to the truth of generosity, dignity, and fame of being Thai navies. This message is still widespread and remembered by Thais. It is obviously seen that the name of Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn has been renowned to the public until this day. Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn’s songs are priceless classics. Although time has passed for a century, each song is still favorable and is sung among navies and civilians. The songs are worthy in literature as they use short words, have a concise meaning, and areeasy to remember. Apart from these reasons, their meanings areso powerful as they reflect ways of life, ways of thinking, and spirit of Siamese Navy in the context of the history. Each song could be regarded as the “philosophy of life” highlighting harmony and unity instilled into the souls of all Thai navy personnel from the lowest to the highest ranks. These songs raise the emotional and thought awareness for all Thais as listeners would unknowingly analyze the hidden messages or ask questions using the background knowledge when listening to the songs. Also, these songs are the testament of Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse,Prince of Jumborn’s philosophy, intelligence, and his expertise in music in all dimensions. He was truly a great artist whosuccessfully instilled patriotism and thesense of the navy in the souls of all sailors and Thais everlastingly. His Genius in Medicine: Mor Born, the Holy Doctor for People After Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn resigned from the Navy, he spent his life with his family and some off-duty naval officers on sailboats for a while. He bought three sailboats, modified them, and named them “Ajarn”. He controlled the boats by himself and found out that life on boat was very dangerous, but he was not discouraged. Then, he realized that he lived a worthless life. Therefore, he changed his mind and wished to do good deeds for the nation, religion and king. He decided to become a Thai traditional doctor using traditional medicine to cure people in need. Eventually, in 1917 (B.E. 2460), he decided to serve in the Navy again. During his off-duty time, with his strong determination to study Thai traditional medicine, Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn devoted himself to be a medical student of the Head of Royal doctor who composed a series of “Thai traditional medicine, Royal edition” textbook. This textbook of Thai traditional medicine has been used among doctors until the present day. He studied element analysis in medicine and became an expert in compounding ingredients to create a medication.
41 Moreover, Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn extended his traditional medicinal knowledge to the western medicine. For several times, he worked with foreign doctors and had modern devices for producing medicine such as a microscope, a herbal plants distillation machine, and a tablet press machine. He also dressed like a foreign doctor wearing an apron while working in his laboratory. Later, Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn used his palace as a small hospital for patient treatment. He did a lot of research, collected Thai traditional medicine formulae, drew illustrations, summarized key points, and wrote in palm leaf manuscripts used as a textbook. This textbook contained information about medicine with high medicinal properties such as antidotes, medicine for anemia, low blood pressure, chronic cough, hemoptysis, and more. For 6 years that Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn resigned from the Navy, he had been a Thai traditional doctor who travelled to treat both Thai and Chinese patients in need. He did not consider himself superior; on the other hand, he gave them treatment with no charge for medical fee or medicine. He diagnosed the disease with modern devices in the western style but he prescribed Thai traditional medication to his patients. Moreover, he preferred to be called as “Mor Born” who was renowned as “Mor Born, the holy doctor for people” throughout the city. With his firm and resolute decision to study Thai traditional medicine in deep level, Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn finally became a specialized
42 doctor with medical skills. He gave treatment to all patients equally, no matter who they were, the rich or the poor. His contribution in Thai traditional medicine to all people was enormous, and has been remembered as a beloved doctor among Thai people until the present day. His Genius in Painting: Mural Paintings at Pak Khlong Makham Thao Temple Important evidence showing Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn’s good relationship and a strong faith towards Luang Pu Suk was mural paintings painted by himself at Pak Khlong Makham Thao Temple in Chai Nat Province. His artwork was the wall area in front of the main Buddha Image. These mural paintings depicted the life of Lord Buddha when he was challenged by Demon Mara, painted by Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn and his subordinates. For the wall area at the entrance to the Ordination Hall, there were mural paintings illustrating the Lord Buddha’s history during his suffering fasting when Sujata the Milkmaid offered him the Payesh rice pudding. The murals were painted by Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn and his elder daughter, H.S.H. Princess Charubatra Abhakara. Mural Paintings by Rear Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn inside the Ordination Hall, Pak Khlong Makham Thao Temple, Chai Nat Province
43 Sadet Tia of all Thai people, the Father of all Thai Navies Performing all duties with his full effort and being generous to all people throughout his life, Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn became the beloved prince for all Thais. People in everywhere respected, remembered and praised him as “Sadet Tia” or “Father” of the Thai Navy. The Father of All Thai Navies Since 1905 (B.E. 2448) Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn had been assigned by the Chief of Ministry of the Navy to reform the educational, disciplinary and administrative system of the Naval Academy. Despite being a prince, a son of King Rama V, Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse determined to educate and train naval cadets with his full knowledge by himself. He wanted to see that all students performed their duties with competency and integrity. He was a good role model for sailors and especially paid his full attention to the Naval Academy. This led him to get close to naval cadets in every aspect, from recruiting to sea trainings. He spent his life as simply as a shipman. He never considered himself a prince and casually acted as if he were the father of all cadets. He called himself as “Tia”, so this was why all cadets called him “Sadet Tia.” From the incident in 1919 (B.E.2462), Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn, the Chief of Staff of the Navy, was the Director of sea training of the naval cadets. He stayed on H.T.M.S.Bali during the trip. He demonstrated naval cadetshow toclean the ship deck after seeing the inexperienced ones clean the deck reluctantly. He said to the cadets that “Sons, come here. I will teach you.” After that he went to the deck and completed the task humbly. His remarks showed mercy reflecting that all navies were his offspring. Henever regarded the relationship between him and navies as theone of a superior and commoners. Moreover, Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn always treated naval cadets as if they were his sons. Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn treated the cadets as his sons, yet he was very strict about their education both in academics and disciplinary. The Naval Academy’s military training systems were reorganized for improvement. For example, military disciplinary such as line formation, table setting, bed making, bathing, dress code, taking leave and daily timetable of the cadets were set up. Meanwhile, Admiral H.R.H. Prince
44 Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn allowed the cadets to fully study autonomously. For example, they could spend time studying until late night. This showed that he wished “his sons”, the cadets, dare to express their opinions freely and have critical thinking rather than be conformed to the others without reasons. His codes of conduct taught navy personnel to use their knowledge and idea to benefit the navy and the country. The way Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn developed Thai navies’ critical thinking abilities was the key element to empower them with the potential and determination, thus they would inherit his resolutions. This practice was what he strictly complied with throughout his lifetime. Modesty One code of conduct of Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn was modesty, and this quality had impressed all Thais. He never acted superior to other naval officers. There were many incidents showing that he was always modest. One piece of evidence was the leaking incident in a warship. He accompanied other sailors and helped the other crew pump the water out of the ship. Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn’s modesty was considered as a great code of conduct, and this incident intensified more respect and faith among his students, subordinates, Thai navies, and Thai people. The Hero Who Initiated Thai Naval Affairs and Be Always in the Heart for Eternity For a century, the name of Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn has been renowned throughout the country. Although he was 13 years old when traveling to study modern naval sciences in England, far away from Siam, he successfully graduated thanks to his determination, courage to tackle all difficulties, and perseverance. With all of these distinctive characteristics, he was the first naval cadet of the Siamese Navy. He brought back all knowledge to develop Siamese Navy and equipped all navies with his expertise. He excellently taught them how to fight, self-defense, and how to prevent themselves from maritime threats of great powers with no dependency on foreign assistances like what happened in the past. Serving as a naval officer in the Navy Department, Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn initiated “Navy reform” to “modernization.” He emphasized
45 on improving and developing the educational system with his determination to train Thai navies thenavigationskills in deep sea. He was a great reformer who laid down the foundation of Thai naval affairs by educating navies on naval science by himself. As a “teacher”, Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn regarded the relationship with his students as “father and sons.” He determined to educate his students to be a “professional navy.” Moreover, he accomplished a lot of assignments from King Rama V. The special mission he was assigned was to modernize the Siamese Navy to be on the same page as other civilized countries’ navies, as well as to accept international-standard customs, and to be eligible to represent the dignity of Thailand to the world. This was admired very much by King Rama V. Therefore, Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn was trusted to serve in the highest position, which was the Minister of the Ministry of Navy in 1923 (B.E. 2466). Eventually, in 1993 (B.E. 2536), The Royal Thai Navy announced on 19 May, which is the anniversary of the passing of Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, as “Abhakara Day.” The Royal Thai Navy praised Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn as “the Father of the Thai Navy” who deserved to be respected as the venerable person in the Navy. On 19 April 2001 (B.E. 2544), the Royal Thai Navy praised Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn as “The Father of All Thai Navies” until this day. All activities Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn had performed in Thai naval affairs showed his royal honor, perseverance, codes of conduct, and genius. Thus, all Thais have on their minds love, respect, faith, and gratitude in Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn’s benevolence. On the occasion of the 100th Anniversary of the Passing, 19 May 2023 (B.E. 2566), the Royal Thai Navy vow to carry on the initiative of Admiral H.R.H. Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Prince of Jumborn, who will be forever in the hearts of the Royal Thai Navy personnel. May His Royal Highness’s soul rest in the heaven and continue to bless the Royal Thai Navy personnel with his spiritual presence eternally.
46 Episode 2 Portraits of Admiral Phra Chao Barommawongse Ther Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse Krom Luang Jumborn Khet Udomsakdi and Photos during the Royal Funeral and Cremation Ceremony From left to right: Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse Chao Chom Manda Mode Phra Ong Chao Suriyong Prayurabandhu (Phra Chao Barommawongse Ther Phra Ong Chao Suriyong Prayurabandhu Krom Muen Jaya Sri Suriyobhas)
47 Phra Ong Chao Suriyong Prayurabandhu (left) Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse (right) Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse Krom Luang Jumborn Khet Udomsakdi (right) Phra Ong Chao Suriyong Prayurabandhu Krom Muen Jaya Sri Suriyobhas (left) Both were the sons of H.M. King Chulalongkorn, King Rama V and Chao Chom Manda Mode. Portraits taken when they were young
48 On 5 January 1892 (B.E. 2435)
49 Phra Chao Lukya Ther Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse (standing in the fourth from the left, dressed as a Muslim at 11 years of age) At the School for the Royal Childrenin the Grand Palace around in1891 (B.E. 2434)
50 Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse Portrait taken around in 1893 (B.E. 2436) before travelling to England Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse
51 Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse took this portrait in England around in 1893 – 1894 (B.E. 2436 – 2437). On the left: Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse
52 Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse
53 From left: Somdetch Phra Chao Lukya Ther Chao Fa Maha Vajiravudh Krom Khun Debdavaravadi (King Rama VI) In the right: Phra Chao Lukya Ther Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse in Paris, France in October 1893 (B.E. 2436) when they first travelled to study in England
54 This portrait was taken in England in January 1894 (B.E. 2437). Far right in the back row: Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse (right)
55 Portrait taken around in 1894 – 1896 (B.E. 2437 – 2439) The second person from the left: Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse
56 Sons of H.M. King Chulalongkorn King Rama V who were studying in England: (from left to right ) The third in the row: Somdetch Chao Fa Maha Vajiravudh (King Rama VI) The fourth in the row: Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse in England in around 1893 – 1896 (B.E. 2436 – 2439) Sons of H.M. King Chulalongkorn King Rama V who were studing in England (from left to right) The second in the row: Somdetch Chao Fa Maha Vajiravudh (King Rama VI) The third in the row: Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse
57 Group Portrait of Nobles in Paris Sitting in the far right: Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse
58 H.M. King Chulalongkorn took this portrait with his sons who were studying in Europe during his first tour to Europe in 1897 (B.E. 2440). H.M. King Chulalongkorn when he first went to Europe took this portrait with the Crown Prince of Siam and Phra Chao Lukya Ther (his sons) and Thai students, who were studying in England, at Taplow Court Palace, Maiden Head, England on 7 August 1897 (B.E. 2440). The sixth person standing from the right: Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse
59 H.M. King Chulalongkorn took this portrait with his sons who were studying in Europe at Taplow Court Palace, Maiden Head, England on 7 August 1897 (B.E. 2440). In England, H.M. King Chulalongkorn took this portrait with his sons who were studying in Europe. Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse was the third from the left.
60 H.M. King Chulalongkorn took this portrait with his sons who were studying in England at Taplow Court Palace on 7 August 1897 (B.E. 2440). The eighth person from left: Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse Krom Luang Jumborn Khet Udomsakdi (17 years old) H.M. King Chulalongkorn took this portrait with Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse, Captain Cuming R.N., and other British naval officers on the Maha Chakri Royal Vessel Onein Venice. Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse in navy cadet uniform when he welcomed his father on 16 May 1897 (B.E. 2440)
61 Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse in navy cadet uniform working as a crew of the Royal Siamese Navy Portrait taken in September 1897 (B.E. 2440) Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse in Ensign uniform of the Royal Navy of England (distinguishable from the crown in front of the headdress, belt, and the lion at the sword pommel) on 11 June 1899 (B.E. 2442)
62 Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse in Lieutenant uniform of the Royal Navy of England (Equivalent to Assistant First Lieutenant in Siamese Navy at the time) when he completed his course H.M. King Chulalongkorn took this portrait with his sons on his birthday at Taplow Court Palace, Maiden Head, England on 21 September 1897 (B.E. 2440). (Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse was standing in the first row, the third from the left.)
63 Portrait taken at the embassy in Paris Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse was the first person standing in the right in the second row from the front.
64 Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse and his Royal Navy Academy friends at the Royal Naval College Greenwich in 1899 (B.E. 2442)
65 Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse in the uniform of “Nai Rua Eak” (Captain in modern day navy) took this portrait with Mom Chao Dibya Sambandhu, his wife around in 1901 (B.E. 2444). (Please notice the headgear used with the ceremonial dress uniform in those days.) The Royal Wedding
66 From left: Mom Chao Dibya Sambandhu and Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse Painting by H.M. King Chulalongkornat the Buddha Chinnaraj worshipping event at Wat Benchamabophit Dusitwanaram in 1904 (B.E. 2447) Krom Muen Jumborn Khet Udomsakdi took this portrait with his wife, Mom Chao Dibya Sambandhu.
67 Assistant Second Lieutenant Krom Muen Jumborn Khet Udomsakdi and Mom Chao Dibya Sambandhu Bhanubandhu (title at the time) took this portrait on their wedding on 28 February 1900 (B.E. 2443). From left: Mom Chao Samornbamteng Abhakara Mom Chao Kanchitpol Abhakara, Mom Chao Ying Rengjitjaraeng Abhakara, Krom Muen Jumborn Khet Udomsakdi, Mom Chao Damkangrit Abhakara
68 Krom Muen Jumborn Khet Udomsakdi checking the sextant Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse took this portrait on 1 April 1901 (B.E. 2444).
69 Sitting row from left: the third person: Rear Admiral Krom Muen Jumborn Khet Udomsakdi in field uniform in front of the Naval Engineering School currently the Office of the Judge Advocate General in Wangderm Palace Nai Rua Eak Phra Chao Lukya Ther Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse The Royal Guard of His Majesty King Chulalongkorn during His Majesty’s trip to the old capital, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, on 1 June 1902 (B.E. 2445)
70 Rear Admiral Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse Krom Muen Jumborn Khet Udomsakdi the second person sitting from left Captain Krom Muen Jumborn Khet Udomsakdi
71 H.M. King Chulalongkorn took this portrait when he was travelling in Malay Peninsula in 1905 (B.E. 2448). The standing row, the first person from left: Krom Muen Jumborn Khet Udomsakdi Rear Admiral Krom Muen Jumborn Khet Udomsakdi This portrait was possibly taken on 20 November 1906 (B.E. 2449) when H.M. King Chulalongkorn went to the inauguration of the Royal Thai Navy Academy.
72 Rear Admiral Krom Muen Jumborn Khet Udomsakdi King Chulalongkorn in Denmark in 1907 (B.E. 2450) To his right, behind the small prince on the stool, His Majesty’s good friend Richelieu
73 Krom Muen Jumborn Khet Udomsakdi A doctor in traditional Thai medicine, and named himself “Mor Born” took this portrait in 1912 (B.E. 2455). Krom Muen Jumborn Khet Udomsakdi compounding ingredients to create Thai traditional medication in a lab
74 Mor Born Rear Admiral Krom Muen Jumborn Khet Udomsakdi when he was a Wild Tiger
75 Photo of students in 1917 (B.E. 2460) Phra Chao Piya Ther Krom Muen Jumborn Khet Udomsakdi when he visited Assumption College
76 Krom Muen Jumborn Khet Udomsakdi at the rank of Rear Admiral as a reserve officer in 1917 (B.E. 2460) Vice Admiral Phra Chao Piya Ther Krom Muen Jumborn Khet Udomsakdi took this portrait in around 1917 – 1919 (B.E. 2460 – 2462).
77 Vice Admiral Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse Krom Muen Jumborn Khet Udomsakdi and Sub Lieutenant Lieng Sunawin, the aid-de-camp Portrait taken in 1917 (B.E. 2460)
78 Second person from the left: Krom Muen Jumborn Khet Udomsakdi when they went to England to receive H.T.M.S. Phra Ruang Your ever loving Father Abhakara in July 1920 (B.E. 2463) Presented to Mom Chao Damkangrit Abhakara
79 Admiral Krom Luang Jumborn Khet Udomsakdi with Mom Chao Khanchidpol Abhakara on H.T.M.S. Phra Ruang in England Admiral Phra Chao Barommawongse Ther Krom Luang Jumborn Khet Udomsakdi
80 Admiral Phra Chao Barommawongse Ther Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse Krom Luang Jumborn Khet Udomsakdi and Mom Chao Ying Jarupatra Abhakara, the eldest daughter greeting an Admiral from Royal Danish Navy in around 1920 (B.E. 2463)
81 Krom Luang Jumborn Khet Udomsakdi while painting a waterfall when accompanying His Majesty King Mongkut Klao Chao Yu Hua on his trip to visit Than Mayom Waterfall on Chang Island in Trat Province (His royal visit to Chanthaburi) in 1922 (B.E. 2465) Photos during the Royal Cremation Ceremony Admiral Phra Chao Barommawongse Ther Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse Krom Luang Jumborn Khet Udomsakdi
82 The Royal Urn Admiral Phra Chao Barommawongse Ther Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse Krom Luang Jumborn Khet Udomsakdi enshrined during the Royal Funeral at Nang Lerng Palace, Bangkok The Royal Funeral Pyre with the Royal Urn at the Royal Cremation Admiral Phra Chao Barommawongse Ther Phra Ong Chao Abhakara Kiartiwongse Krom Luang Jumborn Khet Udomsakdi
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