UNLOCK 004

Sabina Ostrowska

CavrnRrDGE tsc"overy

READING & WRITING SKILLS T

Sabina Ostrowska

Sptr,,*--ffi CLMBRTDGE

uurvERsrrY PRESS

CAMBRIDGE

UNTVERSITY PRESS

University Printing House, Cambridge CBz 8BS, United Kingdom

Cambridge University Press is part of the University of Cambridge.

It furthers the University's mission by disseminating knowledge in the pursuit of
education, learning and research at the highest international levels of excellence.

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Information on this title: www.cambridge.orgl 978rto7613997

@ Cambridge University Press zor4

This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception
and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements,
no reproduction of any part may take place without the written
permission of Cambridge University Press.

First published zor4
3rd printing zor4

Printed in Dubai by Oriental Press

A catalogue record for this publication is attailable from the British Library
rsBN 978-1-107 -6ng9-7 Reading and Writing r Studentt Book with Online Workbook
rselt 978-r-ro7 -6r4ot-7 Reading and Writing r Teachert Book with DVD
rsBN 928-1-1o7 -678to-t Listening and Speaking r Studentb Book with Online Workbook
rsBN 928-1-1oZ -66ztr-7 Listening and Speaking r Teacher's Book with DVD

Additional resources for this publication at www.cambridge.orglunlock

Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy
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Cambridge University Press does not guarantee the accuracy ofsuch information
thereafter.

1

CONTENTS

Map of the book 4
8
Introduction
14)
UNITl Peopte e2,

UNIT 2 Seasons- 50
68
UNIT 3 Lifestyle 86

UNIT 4 Places (lo+

UNIT 5 Sport 122
140
UNIT 6 Jobs r58
176
UNIT 7 Homes and buildings 194
202
UNIT 8 Food and culture 207

UNIT 9 The animalkingdom

UNIT 10 Transport

Glossary

Video scripts

Acknowledgements

l

I PEOPLE Key reoding skill: Famity vocabulary
Previewing (e.g. grandfather,
Reading l: Friendfrle grandmother, father,
(Communication studies) Understanding key vocabutary mother)
Reading 2: A very tall man! Skimming
(Anthropotogy) Scanning to frnd information

2 SEASONS Key reoding skill: Adjectives to describe the
Scanning to find information weather (e.g. warm, hot,
Reading l: The cotdest city in
the world Previewing cold, sunny)
(Geography) Understanding key vocabulary

Reading 2: Cuba weather
(Meteorotogy)

3 LIFESTYLE Life Key reading skill: Vocabutary for study
underground Scanning to frnd information (e.9. Maths, History,
Reading l: Can you imagine your Chemistry, Business)
life with no mobite phones or Previewing
TV? Understanding key vocabulary
(Anthropotogy)

Reading 2: Timetable
(Management)

4 PLACES Key reoding skill: Vocabulary for places in a
Reading for main ideas city (e.g. museum, library,
Reading 1: A world history of factory, monument)
Understanding key vo'iabutary
maPs Previewing Vocabutary for places in a
(History) Scanning to find information country (e.g. hlll, farm, field,
Reading for detail forest)
Reading 2: The Maldives: an
overvtew
(Geography)

5 SPORT Tai-Chi and Key reodin7 skill: Adjectives to describe
Shaotin Using your knowtedge to predict sports (e.9. hard, exciting,
Reading 1: The wortd's top frve Kung-Fu content expensive, difficult)
favourite sports
l(nnrfc <fr rdia<l Understanding key vocabulary Vocabutary for jobs (e.g. ve[,
Reading for main ideas fireman, manages people,
Reading 2: Sport in Brazil Scanning to find information prepares foodl
(Cuttural studies)
Scanning to predict content
6 JOBS Dabbawatlas Reading for detail

Reading l: Find_myjob.com Key reading skill:
(Business and management) Reading for detail

Reading 2:Job emaits Previewing
(Business and management) Understanding key vocabulary

Scanning to frnd information
Working out meaning from
context

READING AND WRITING SKILLs

Nouns and verbs . Analyze a family tree Academic writing skills:
Singular and plural nouns . Draw a family tree . Punctuation

Grommor for writing: . Understand a table Writing task type:
. The verb be Write descriptive sentences.
. Personal pronouns . Answer personal questions about Writingtask:
. Possessive determiners Write about somebody in your family.
rouflne
Adjectives and nouns Academic writing skills:
Noun phrases . Create a timetable . Punctuation: capital letters
Writing task type:
Grommar for writing: Write facts.
. Subject and verb Writingtosk'.
. Prepositions Write facts about the weather in your city.
. Prepositional phrases
Acodemic writing skills:
Collocations . Spetling third person singular forms
Writing task type:
Grommor for writing'. Write facts.
Writing tosk:
. Subject - verb - object Write facts about the tifestyte of a student in
your class.
. Present simple
Academic writing skills:
o Timp evnrccci^n< . Spelling and punctuation: capital tetters
Writing task type:
Noun phrases with of | . Order writing by topic Write facts.
Grommor for writing'. Writingtosk:
| ' Classify-words Write facts about your country.
. there /is there are I '
rf ilk of key words

Sports coltocations . Create a ideas map Acodemic writing skills:
Prepositions . Commas
Adjectives
Writing task type:
Grammar for writing: Write facts.

- verb - adverb l Writing task:
I Write facts about a popular sport in
l your counfry.

P,nI rases_..t_ 1 Acodemic writing skills:
. Contractions
r for writing: I
d have to Writing task type:
ienfences i|t-a'.hLL^onmocl Write sentences.
i r2ues Writingtosk:
with and Write a description of a job for a friend.
I

i

I

UNI'CK READING AND WRITING SKILLS 1

7 HOMES AND Building the Key reading skill: Vocabulary for buildings
BUILDINGS new Shanghai Using visuals to predict content (e.g. cinema, library, hote[,
train station)
Reading 1: Architect's woild Understanding key vocabulary
expert interview Scanning to find information Vocabulary for parts of
Reading for detail
(Architecture) Previewing buildings (e.g. car park,
Understanding discourse stairs, exit, garden)
Reading 2: Skyscrapers
(Architecture) Mexican food Key reoding skill: Adjectives to describe
Skimming buitdings (e.g. big, modern,
8 FOOD AND old, ugty)
Previewing Vocabulary for food
CULTURE Understanding key vocabulary and drink (e.g. potatoes,
Scanning to frnd information coconut, yoghurt, wqter)
Reading 1: Tea: A wortd history Reading for detail
(History) Vocabulary to describe
Reading 2: Ten of the best by South African Key reoding skill: facts about animals (e.g.
cutstne witdtife Reading for main ideas long, high, weighs, habitat)
(Hospitatity management) Vocabutary for animals
Previewing
9 THE ANIMAL Understanding key vocabulary (e.9. h a r mle ss, e nd a ngered,
KINGDOM Readins for dofail deadliest, nocturna[l
Using your knowledge
Reading 1: Variety in the animal Skimming Transport collocations
kingdom (e.g. take the bus,
(Zoology) Scanning to find informatlon travel by car)
Reading 2: The world's fastest
hunters Understanding discourse
(Zootogy)
Tokyo Key reoding skill:
IO TRANSPO transport Working out meaning from
conlexr
Reading l: Transport survey
(Transport and [ogistics) Previewing
Reading 2: Transport in Using your knowledge
Bangkok: report Skimming
(Urban planning) Scanning to frnd information
Understanding key vocabulary
Reading for detait
Understanding discourse

UNL(?CK READING AND WRITING SKILL5 I

Grammor for writing'. . Compare data Academic writing skills:
. Comparing quantities . Spelling: double consonants
. Comparative adjectives Writing tosk type:
Write a comparison.
. Joining sentences with Writing tosk:
Write a comparison of two buildings.
but
Acodemic writing skills:
Countabte and . Brainstorm . Spelling
. Analyze notes Writing task type:
uncountab[e nouns . Make notes Write descriptive sentences.
Writingtask:
Grommor for writing'. Write about food in your country for
. Subject-verb agreement a student website.
. Determiners: a, an and
Acodemic writing skills:
some . Spelling
Writing tosk type:
can and cannot . Analyze a table of facts Write a descriptive paragraph.
Writing task:
Grommor for writing: Write a paragraph about an animal.
. Superlative adjectives
Acodemic writing skills:
Quantifiers . Collect data with a survey . Error correction
Writing task type:
Grommar for writing: Write a paragraph.
Writingtosk
. Subject - verb - object Write a paragraph about transport in
your city.
. Linking sentences with

Pronouns

UNTACK READINGANDWRITING SKILLS I

The units in Unlock Reading €' Writing 5kl/1s are carefulty scaffolded so that
students are taken step-by-step through the writing process.

U R I Encourages discussion around the theme of the unit with inspiration
K I from interesting questions and striking visuats.

AND I Features an engaging and motivatin g Discovery Education"'video which
I generates interest in the topic.

'- ' "":''---.| I Prrrricac the reading skitts required to understand academic texts as well

READTNG 1I as the vocabulary needed to comorehend the text itsetf.

-READIN'G-2 || P.r-":"n* a second text which provides a different angle on the topic in a
different Renre. lt is a model text for the writinq task.

I Practises the vocabulary and grammar from the Readings in
NT I preparation for the writing task.

I Presents and practises grammatical structures and features needed for

G I the writing task.

o9

o

a

e

o IVES I Attows students to assess how welt they have mastered the skitts covered
e
e I in the unit.

C

e

e I
a
WORDLIST I lnctudes the key vocabulary from the unit
o

e

e : This is the unit's main learning objective. lt gives learners the
e
0(9 e; opportunity to use atl the language and skills they have learnt in

: the unit.

UNLACK READING AND WRITING sKILLs I

"u1

UNLACKYOURKNOWLEDGE e a @ & a E @ & * &,&

Read the sentences (1-5) beLow and write the jobs from the box in the
gaps. Use a dictionary to help you.

architect manager softwareengineer 6
nurse primary schooI teacher

1A manaSes people.
2An designs buildings.
3A
looks after people in
a hospital
manaSes software.
IA teaches young children.

5

Unlock encourages students to bring their own
knowledge, experiences and opinions to the
topics. This motivates students to retate the
topics to their own contexts.

ta , : :',

;

Thought-provokint videos the vlAr.o wo"s excd).enL\
: from Discovery Education"'are
lL hdped" wibh ra.r,stng sVtd*.nLs'
inctuded in every unit throughout
the course to introduce topics, rnLexesL rn the tnpir. lL wws
w ell- sl,ruch,+r zd. and. lh e Langua4e
promote discussion and motivate lzvel wo.s appropr'nI*,.

learners. The videos provide a new Maria Agata Szczerbik,
United Arab Emirates University,
angle on a wide range of academic At-Ain, UAE
, subjects.
),

UNLc.CK READING AND WRITING SKlLLs 1

€e e e € € € e @ € e e ELOOM'5 TAXONOMY 3 *" Crihrn-

g cREATE ""1'5;jiliif:5:13;:nffi:? Lhr,nkutg serinns

6 EVALUATE PreSe,nL 0-

w drtfiruLL a-ren
m a.n en90,4r,ng
q and. arrx,ssblz
N4{.
decide, rate, choos recommend
w irr<iifrr :<ctr<c nriar izp Shirley Norton,

€ expLain, contrast, examine, identify, London Schoo[ of
investigate. categorize
ANALYZE UKEngtish,

,

show, complete, use, ctassify, APPLY compare, dlscuss, restate,
examine. iilustrate, sotve UNDERSTAND predict, translate, outline

@ REMEMBER

a
name, describe, relate,
find, tist, write, tell

& The CriticalThinking sections in Unlock are based on Learners engaSe in evaluative and
@4 Benjamin Btoom's ctassification of learning objectives. This
; analytical tasks that are designed to
ensures learners develop their lower- and higher-order I ensure they do a[[ of the thinking
thinking skills, ranging from demonstrating knowledge and , and information-gathering required
understanding to in-depth evaluation. I for the end-of-unit writine task.
The margin headings in the Critical Thinking sections
hightight the exercises which devetop Bloom's concepts.

At the end of this unit, you will write facts Look at this unit's writing task in
the box betow

Write facts abour the weatlrer in your clty.

Understand a table
A table shows facts and numbers lt is easy to see facts and numbers in a table
Decimal numbers have a fu[[ stop in them - for example, 1], 11, 2J When we say
decimal numbers, we use the word point

11 one porxL one 17 one poLnL seven 27 Lwo poi,nL seven

Table 3.4: Average temperatures and rainfall in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

!"rNLozCK READING Af'lD WRlTlhlc sl(lLLs l

t.:: , o Language Devetopment sections

The Cambridge Learner Corpus is a bank of official provide vocabutary and grammar
Cambridge English exam papers. Our exctusive access
means we can use the corpus to carry out unique research bui t are further practised
and identify the most common errors learners make. That tin Workbook.
information is used to ensure the unlock sytlabus t-eaches
the most relevant language. The glossary and end-of-unit wordtists

provide defi nitions, pronunciation

and handy summaries of atl the key

vocabulary.

3

BGr{;Grg€JbI@@@€_S€&€ €

&e6F&e€

Nouns and verbs
Words for peopte, places or things are nouns Words for states or actlons are
varbs Sentences have nouns and verbs

nouns: Tom Ls o, d.ocLor. He LLves Ln Ne.ru York He works Ln o, hoso:*nl
verbs: Tom Ls a d-octnr. Ne Wes In New York He works ut a hospt*al.

I Read the sentences (l 7) and write the bold words in the correct places in

the tabte betow

GRAMIVIARFORWRITING+a * e ea a a €a a 6E 6 rn s{, € € a e * s

The verb be @

The verb be has three forms in the Present simpte tense: dm, is, are After i, we
use am After you, we or they, we use ore After he, she or it, we use is

I an t sLud"enL.

You axe o, sLt^denL \Ne axe stud-enLs. They a-re sbud.enLs.

aJunko o, sLud-znL She Ls o- sLud-enL Mg slsLer Ls o- sLud,enL.
AmLr Ls o, boxer. SuLL+n vs a farmer. l(g gro.nd-taLher Ls * d-ocLor.
Lond"on Ls a. bug cLLg lL Ls a- br,g faxn HLs nnme la Tom

Mo.r'*a nnd- Rolo-ndo a"re lLqLLan They a:e lL+LLan.

1 Read the texts (A and B) and write am, is or ore in the gaps

Unique research using the Cambridge English Corpus The grammar syttabus is carefulty
has been carried out into academic language, in order
to provide learners with retevant, academic vocabutary designed to help learners become good
from the staft (CEFR Al and above). This addresses a gap writers of English. There rs a strong
in current academic vocabulary mapping and ensures focus on sentence structure, word
learners are presented with carefutly selected words they
witt frnd essentiat durine their studies. agreement and referencing, which are
important for coherent and organized
academic writinS.

JJ

U lt 'fhe langua4e dzvdnpmenL Ls cle.a,x and. l*te stxong Izxir.aL ho"+s Ls posil)xo

0-s karnexs lexl Ue4 m6ke more progress when theg Le.wn more voc,abul.arg.

CoIteen Wackrow.
Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Al-Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

,,

{JNLo1CK READING AhlD WRrrlNG SKILLS 1

Unlock is avaitabte in a range of print The 5E W""o"rk"boo<s are

and digital components, so teachers accessed via activation codes

can mix and match according to their packaged with the Student's

requirements. Books. These easy-to-use

workbooks provide interactive

ovorri<o< o:mec t,2,<-l,z.(i, ano

further practice of the language

and skitls from the Student's

Unlock Feading & Writins Skills I Books in the Cambridge LMS, an

C ass exptes: I Oct,2015 engaging and modern learning
Class content: Unlock Reading & Writing Skills 1
o envrronment.
@@oo@

The Cambridge LMS provides

teachers with the abitity to

track learner progress and

save vatuable time thanks to
automated marking functionatity
Blogs, forums and other toots
are also availabte to facititate
communication between

students and teachers.

-fI ne u| |ntIocK1 )-,tuoe| nr,' s

Books and Teacher's
Books are also avaitable
as interactive eBool<s.

With answers and
Discovery Education'"
videos embedded,
the eBooks provide a
great alternative to the

rn"ri"n'-tp"d m:torialc

(Jh{LAEI( READING AND WRITING 5I(ILLs I

Each [eve[ of Unlock consists of two Student's Books: Reading & Writing and Listening &

Speaking and an accompanying Teacher's Book for each Online Workbooks are packaged

with each Student's Boor.

Look out for the I symbols in the Student's Books which indicate that additionat

practice of that skilt or language area is availabte in the ontine Workbook.

Every Unlock Student's Book is detivered both in print format and as an interactive eBook
for tablet devices.

The Unlock Teacher's Books contain additiona[ writing tasks, tests, teaching tips and research
projects for students.

Presentation P/us software for interactive whiteboards is avaitable for a[[ Student's Books.

READN G t':

AID

WRI'TING

Student's Book and Online 978-1-107 -61399-7 978-t-107-61400-0 978-1-107 -61526-7 978-1-107 61525-0
Workbook Pack* 978-1-107-61404 B 978-l-107-61409 3
9t8-1-107 -67624-4 978-t-107 -68245-0
Teacher's Book with DVD* 918-1-107 -61401-7 978-1-107 -61403-1

Presentation Ptus (interactive 978-t-107-63800-6 978-H07-65605-5
whiteboard software)

*eBook availabte from www"eambridge.ongy'unSoc[<

LISTENING

AND

SPEAKING

Student's Book and Online 978-t-107-67810-t 978-t-107 -68)32-0 978-1-107-68D8-B 978-1-107 -63461-9
Workbook Pack* 978-1 107-68154-5 978-1-101-65052 7
9lB-1-107 -63543-) 978-1-107,64381-9
Teacher's Book with DVD* 978-l-107 -66211-7 978-1-107-6Q80-5

Presentation Plus (interactive 978-1-107-66Q4-1 918-1-107 -69582-5
whiteboard software)

*eBook avai[able from www.cambnidge"org/untock

The complete course audio is available from
www.cambridge.org/un lock

UNLACK READING AND WRITING SKILLS I



UNLdCK YOUR KNOWLEDGE

Work with a partner. Ask and answer the questions below.

1 What is your full name?
2 Where do you [ive?
3 Do you have a job? What do you do?
4 Do you study? What do you study?
5 What do you do in your free time?

UNDERS NDING 1 Match the places (l-6)to the correct countries (a-f)

KEY VOCABULARY I New Delhi Itaty
South Africa
2 New York

3 The Cape Peninsula United States

4 Cairo Mexico

5 Mitan lndia
6 Mexico City Egypt

LISTENING FOR KEY 2 You are going to watch a video about people around the world.

INFORM ION Watch and complete the table with the information you hear.

name job place

Amarel New York,
United States

Sebastian

Angela Milan, ltaly

Yasmine I She works for a The Cape Peninsula,
David i maSaztne. South Africa

She plans
weddings.

UNL'CK READING AND WRITING SKILLS 'I

@ watch the video again. Complete the sentences below with the correct
adjectives from the box.

beautifuI different interesting famous

1 The peopte in the video do jobs.

2 Sebastian is a Mexican artist.

3 Angela makes clothes.

4 The peopte in the video a[[ have lives.

DISCUSSION

4 Work with a partner. Ask and answer the questions below.

I Which person in the video has the most interesting job?

2 What job would you [ike to do in the future?
3 Where would you [ike to live in the future?

UNLACK READING AND WRITING sKILLs 1

PREPARING TO READ

PREVIEWING I Look at the text. Circte the correct answers to the questions below.

UNDERSTANDING I What is the text about?
KEY VOCABULARY a asport
b ayoungman c a family

2 Where is the text from?

a abook b amagazine c a weD PaSe

2 Read the sentences (1-4) below and write the words from the box in

the gaps.

languages city birth country

I London is a very big :Turkish, Arabic and English.
in North Africa.
2 | speak three is7 )uly 1993.
3 Morocco is a
4 My date of

SKIMMING WHILE READING
3 Read the text and write the words from the box in the gaps (1-4).

My hobbies and interests My address My life My famity

SCANNING TO FIND Read the text again. Circle the correct words to make true sentences.
INFORMATION
I Amir is from Pakistan / the United Kingdom.
(,dN I 2 Amir's brother is a boxer / racing car driver.

3 Amir's hobbies are gaming and swimming / swimming and football.
4 Muhammad Ati is Amir's favourite sportsman / teacher.
/5 Falak is Amir's sister mother.
6 Shah is Amir's brother / father.
7 Amir's address is [email protected] / [email protected]
8 His favourite footbatlteam is Manchester City / Bolton Wanderers.

Read the summary below and circle the correct words.

/ /Amir Khan is a (1) boxer teacher. He is from (') Bolton Monchester

in the United Kingdom. His date of birth is B December

/ /(3) 1985 1996. His brother's name is (a) Horoon Shah.
/His father is (s) Muhommod,4li Shoh Khcn.

UNLACK READING AND WRITING SKILLS I

DISCUSSION

6 Work with a partner. Ask and answer the questions (l-6) betow.
1 What is your name?
2 Where are you from?
3 What is your date of birth?
4 What are your brothers' and sisters' names?
5 What languages do you speak?
5 How tall are vou

o

TIY PR||FIIT

Amir Khan

My personal information

First name: Amir
Last name: Khan
Date of birth: 8 December 1986
City: Bolton
Gountry: United Kingdom
Languages: English, Urdu, Punjabi
Job: Boxer

1 4
l'm Amir Khan. My mother and
Email: [email protected]. uk father are from Pakistan. I speak
three languages: English, Urdu and
2 Punjabi. I am a boxer. I have won
many boxing matches. My brother's
Mother: Falak name is Haroon. He is a boxer
Father: Shah too. I like reading, swimming and
Brother: Haroon watching football.

3 Ui'l K READING AND WRITING SKfLL5 'l

Hobbies: swimming, football
Favourite football club:
Bolton Wanderers
Favourite sportsman:
Muhammad Ali

PREVIEWING PRE RING TO READ
I Look at the text. Circle the correct options (a-c).

The photo is of b an unusual man. c an English man.
a a typical man. c a very ta[[ man.
c a weD pa8e.
The text is about b a boxer.

a a racing car driver

The text is from b a magazine.

a a book.

Previewing

Previewing means tooking at a text before you read it. When we preview a text,
we look at the text and think about the questions below.

. Are there photographs?
. What is in the photographs?
. What is the title of the text?
. Where is the text from? (a book? a magazine? a web page?1

UNDERSTANDING 2 Check the meaning of the bold words in the sentences (1-6) below. Use
KEY VOCABULARY the glossary on page 194 to help you.

I My sister is l88 cm. She is very tal[!

2 My brother is a student. He lives in London.
3 My father is a teacher. He works in a school.
4 Meltem loves clothes and shoes.

5 Chaiwat's height is 169 cm.
6 Khatid s father is a farmer.

UNLOCK READING AND WRITING SKILLS 'I

UNUSUAL PEOPLE: CHAPTER 8 - TALLEST AND SMALLEST

A VERY tall man!

Sultan Kosen is from Turkey. He lives in Mardin in Turkey.
He lives with his family. Sultan lives with his mother, his
three brothers and his sister.
Sultan is a typical farmer. His hobby is watching W. He is
interested in music, His height is unusual. He is 251 cm

tall - that is very tall. Sultan is the tallest man in the worlo.

His mother, brothers and sister are normal height.
Sultan works on the farm. He has a tractor. His life is not
easy. People look at him in the street. Normal clothes and
shoes are too small. His clothes and shoes are very big.
Sultan speaks Turkish and English. He went to London,
Paris and Madrid in Eurooe in 2010. He went to New
York, Chicago and Los Angeles in America in 2011.

Uh,CLACK READf NG AND WR|IING sKILLs 1

SCANNING TO FIND HILE R.EADING

INFORMATION 3 Read the text and circle the correct words in the profile betow.

UNUSUAL PEOPLE _ PROFILE

First name F) Sultan / Kosen
Last name: Q\ Sultan / Kosen
Country: @ Turkey / America
City: t+r Mardin / New York
Date of birth' (5) 1982 / 2011

Family: (6) 3 sisfers and 1 brother / 1 sister and 3 brothers

Height: n 210 cm / 251 cm

K 4 Read the text again. Write the correct words from the text in the gaps.
E

I Sultan Kosen from Turkey.

2He in Mardin in Turkey.

3 He Iives with his

4 Sultan a typical farmer.

5 His hobby watching TV.

6 Sultan Turkish and English

DISCUSSICN
5 Work with a partner. Ask and answer the questions (l-3) betow.

I Where do vou [ive?

2 ls it a nice place to [ive? Why? / Why not?

3 Who do you live with?

UNL6"CK READING AND WRITING SKILLS I

Nouns and verbs AJil [

Words for people, places or things are nouns. Words for states or actions are

verbs. Sentences have nouns and verbs.

nouns: 'fon Ls o, d,octor. He Llves Ln New York. He u,rorks rn w hospi*,al.
verbs: Tom Ls o- d,ocLor. He lives i,n New York. He works tn o. hosplLoJ..

I Read the sentences (1-7) and write the bold words in the correct places in

the table below.

I Marika Diana is from ltaly.

2 Sultan K6sen lives on a farm.
3 My brother is a student.
4 Faisal's mother works in London.
5 London is a big city.
6 Amir Khan is a boxer.
7 Sultan's clothes and shoes are very big.

nouns verbs

Singular and plural nouns

Nouns are singular or plural. Singular means one. P[ural means more than one.
We use -s at the end of plural nouns.

singutar nouns: Rag h*s a brobher. HLs brobher Ls a boxer.

plural nouns: EngLn h*s Lwo broLhers. HLs brothers ore boxers.

2 Read the sentences (1-5) and circle the correct words

/1 My mother has four sister sisters.

2 | have only one pen / pens.
3 My father has a car / cars.
4 We have two house / houses.
5 They have five cat / cats.

UNL6"CK READING AND WRITING SKILLS I

GRAf-dtulAR FOR RITBNG

The verb be
The verb be has three forms in the Present simpte tense: am, is, are. After l, we
use am. After you, we or they, we use are. After he, she or it, we use ls.

I a.m o" sLud,enL.

You o*e a. sLud"enL. We o,xe sLud-enLs. Theg are sLud-enLs.
Junko Ls o- sLud.enb. She Ls o- sLud.ent. Mg sLsLer Ls o. sLud.enL.
Amr,r Ls o. boxer. SuLLo.n Ls w to-rmer. Mg grundlo-Lher Ls a- d.ocLor.
London r,s o. bLg cLbg. lL Ls o- bLg to-rm. Hus no'me Ls Tom.
AngeLa- *nd- OLL*vLo axe lbo"LLo'n. Theg o.re lLwLLo-n.

1 Read the texts (A and B) and write am, is or are in the gaps.

(r)_Mg na,me (t) Hwmdo-n. I Q)

from AL ALn. I 19. AL ALn (1)

Ln Lhe VnLLed. Aro.b Emlro-Les. Mu broLher's

no.me $)

oLd-er. He 0) L6. Mg faLher's no.ffie

(8) ALt.

1r't-W Mtu Lee. /e/ from Busan.

Busan rt)- in South Korea. / /tre wtth

my wothe4 ,ny father and my sister. My wother

and father @ fror,e Seowl, My sister

(')- a student. Her hobbles @)

-swiwrumg and watchinj TV

LJhlLo'ICK READINCi AND WRITING 5l(ILLS I

2 Write the words from the box in the correct ptaces in the table below.

Read the sentences (1-4) betow gnd write the words from the box in
the gaps.

I My sister is very ta[[. is ]75 cm.
2 My famity is Egyptian.
3 My uncle likes swimming. are from Cairo.
4 Paris is in France. swims every day.

is a big city.

UNLOCK READING AND WRITING SKILLS I

Possessive determiners

Possessive determiners are my, your, his, her, its, our and We use possessive

determiners before a noun.

Mg fa.mllg Ls trom Lond-on. Mg cLUg Ls t*mous for LLs unLversLLg.
Your schooL Ls Ln ALexo.ndrLa-.
Our uncLe Ls Ln Duba"L.
HLs fo.mLLg Ls trom Pa,klsLo.n.
Her to.Lher Ls trom Rome. Th?tx sLsLer us a. Leo-cher.

4 Read the sentences (l-5) betow and write the words from the box in

tne gaps.

My Her His Our Their

I I have two sisters names are Frances and Celia
2 Jenny Fietding is from London. father's name is David.
3 We go to school in Barcelona. c.-hnrrl iq. vorrr hiq
4 I have a brother and a sister.
5 Amir Khan is from Bolton. sister's name is Aysha.

mother is from Pal<istan

ACADEf\dIC RITIING SKI!-I-S

Punctuation

The frrst word in a sentence begins with a capitalletter (A, B, C) A sentence ends
with a fullstop (.).

Teo-chers ruork Ln schooLs.

For some words, the first letter is always a capital letter.
names of people: lftg brothex's name Ls Orhay.
names of places: lstnnbuL Ls o- bt4 c.tL! w1 Turkeg.

the pronoun l: I have tno sLstnxs.

1 Put the words in order to make sentences.

/'| Zhong Shan / My grandfather /is .

2 isl He / 59 / .

3 a Aar'fr-tr / Aa / i< /
/ | t- / tJ / .

/ / /4 is from Ne Hong Kong

/ / /5 two daughters He has .

6 my mother and father,/ lives with / He /

UNLdCK READING AND WRITING 5KILLs 1

Correct the punctuation in the sentences (1-.l0) below. Add capital letters
and fu[[stops.

I my name is mohammed

2 i am from kuwait
3 iaml9
4 my father's name is asif
5 he is a teacher
6 he has two sons
7 my brother's name is faran
8 faran is a doctor

t he lives in canada

l0 faran s hobbies are swimming and watching TV

Write about somebody in your family
Look at the family tree you drew in the CriticalThinking section.
Choose somebody from your family tree to write about.
Write a profile for the person.

UNtdCK READING AND WRITING SKILLS 1

3 Write sentences about the person. Use the words in the table betow to

help you.

My brother's name Ahmad.
My uncle's name Tomoko.
My aunt's name a doctor.
His family a student.
Her family
My family m Cairo.
m Bangkok.
She 22.
He
They 35.
We 49.

my uncle.

my mother and her.

Turkish.
English.
Arabic and English.

4 Use the task checklist to review your sentences.

TASK CHECKLIST

Does the first word in your sentences begin with a capital letter?
Do your sentences have fu[[ stops?

Do peoples name and places have capital letters?

Are the personal pronouns he and she before the verb is?
Are the personal pronouns we and they before the verb ore?
Are the possessive determiners (my, his, her) before a noun
(brother, sister, uncle)?

5 Make any necessary changes to your sentences.

oBJECTTVES REVTEW

6 Check your objectives.

lcan...

watch and understand a very not very
video about people and we[[ well
their jobs
not very
preview a text wetl well

use capitatletters and very not very
wetl we[[
fu[ stops in sentences
very not very
write descriptive well
sentences we[[

WORDLIST son (n)
tatt(adj)
aunt (n) farmer (n) teacher (n)
beautifut(adj) grandfather (n) uncle (n)
brother (n) grandmother (n) work (v)
clothes (n) height (n) young (adj)
daughter (n) interesting (adj)
different (adj) tive (v)
famous (adj) shoe (n)



UNTACK YOUR KNOWLEDGE

Work with a partner. Look at the words for seasons in the box anc
answer the questions be[ow.

spnng summer autumn winter
the dry season the monsoon season

I Which seasons do you have in your country?

2 Which is your favourite season? Why?

UNDERSTANDIhiG PREFARING TO WATCH
K[Y VOCABULAIiY
I You are going to watch a video about weather. Before you watch, match

the words in the box to the correct photographs (l-3).

a snowstorm snow a snowflake

E

4 >'.

,/, l>

USING V!SUALS TO WHILE WATCIIING
PREDICT CCINTENT
2 Watch the frrst part of a video about weather and circle the correct

option (a-c).

A blizzard is a kind of
a forest
b storm

c mountain

UNLCaCK READING AND WRITING SKILLS I

3 Write the words from the box in the gaps.

t The air is

2 There are

3 There is a lot of - l5 metres!

4 A blizzard is a snowstorm with strong

5 A blizzard is

-6 Many roads

7 Drivers can't

4, Watch the first part of the video again and

'5 watch the next part of the video and write true (T) or false (F) next to

the statements (1-6) below.

I The big white cloud is a blizzard.

2 There is a lot of snow in the mountains and forests.
3 The man's car is not very good.
4 The car stops near a city.

5 The man eats apples in the car.
6 A policeman finds the man.

DISCUSSICN

6 work with a partner. Use the information in Exercise 5 to answer the

quest|ons.

PREPAR.ING TO READ

UNDERS NDING I Look at the words in bold and match sentences (l-a) to sentences (a-d).

KEY VOCABULARY Use the gtossary on page 194 to help you.

PREVIEWING I Two plus two is four. a lt is not difficult.
b lt is warm in summer.
2 Sara is happy. c She is not sad.

3')+ 2=4'iseasy.

4 Canada is cold in winter. d Two minus two is zero.

2 Match the words (l-7)to the correct numbers (a-g).

1 twenty-one a55
2 eteven
3 eighteen b18
4 frfty-five
5 forty-two c 2012
d42
5 two thousand and twelve e2l

7 fifty frl

8s0

Look at the graph, photographs and headings in the text on [he opposite

page and write true (T) or false (F) next to the statements (1-4) betow.

I Yakutsk is a city.

2 Winter is very cotd in Yakutsk.
3 Summer is very cold in Yakutsk.
4 Svettana has a caf6 in Moscow.

Look at the graph. Translate Average temperatures in Yakutsk into your

ran8ua8e.
Translation:

5 Use the glossary on paSe 194 to check your transtation.

WHILE READING

SCANNING TO 6 Match the facts (l-6) to the correct numbers (a-f).

FIND INFORM ION I the average temperature in summer a 42"C

K 2 the writer went to Yakutsk b 2012
E
3 the averaSe temperature in winter c5

4 Daria's age d -ss'c

5 the temperature when kindergartens and schoo[s are closed e +20 "C

6 the average temperature in spring and autumn f -21'c

UNLo2CK READING AND WRITING sKlLLs 1

Scanning to find information

scanning means looking for information. when we scan, we do not read every
word in a text. We can scan for:

r nUmDefS

. names of people

o names of olaces.

Look for capital letters to find people and places.

The Soldest Gity in the World

+30oc

+20oc

+1Ooc

0oc

-1 ooc

-2Ooc

-30oc

-40oc winter spring summer autumn

Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov 'The average temperature in winter is -42 " C.
Some winters are colder. At -50 'C, the
Average temperatures in yakutsk kindergarten is closed. Daria is huppy.At -55 "C,
the kindergarten and the school are closed. Daria
(December - November)
and Pavel are happyi Svetlana says.
The temperature in your freezer is about
-18 'C. Yakutsk in Russia is colder than your People in Yakutsk like sport. In spring and
freezer.In winter, the average temperature is autumn, the average temperature is -21 "C. They
-42"C! go skiing and ice-skating. In summer, it is warm.
The average temperature is +20 'C. They have
In20l2,I visited Yakutsk. \A4ry? Because I picnics in the forests.
wanted to see the coldest city in the world. I

wanted to meet the people of Yakutsk.

'Life is difficult in winterl says
Svetlana, 'but we're not sadl
Svetlana is the manager of a
cafe in Yakutsk. She has two
children. Her son Pavel is 11.
Her daughter Daria is 5.

Suetlana has a warm
caf€ irr a cold cifg.

urqlfeK F,EADirng Ar'.iD ]r/friilN6 5KtLLs 1

DISCUSSION

7 Work with a partner. Ask and answer the questions (l-a) betow

I ls life easy in Yakutsk?

2 ls winter cold in your country?
3 How hot is the summer in your country?
4 Do you like hot summers or cold winters? Why?

PREPARII{G TO READ

PR.EVIEWING I Look at the texts. Circle the correct answers (a-c) to the questions (l-3).

UNDERS NDING I Where are the texts from?

KEY VOCABULARY a a book b a magazine c a weD PaSe

2 Which text is about the weather in Cuba now?

a Text A D lext 6 c Text C

3 Which texts are about typical weather in Cuba?

a Texts A and B Df-l^ texts b anc L c Texts A and C

Read the sentences (1-4) betow and write the words from the box in
rne 8aps.

wind speed rainfall climate temoerature

I Use degrees centigrade ("C)to talk about

2 Use kilometres per hour (kph) to talk about
3 Use millimetres (mm)to talk about
4 Use seasons to tatk about

Write the words from the box in the gaps in Text B opposite. Use the
wordlist on page 194 to hetp you.

windy sunny rainy cloudy

UNI'CK READING AND WRITING sKILLs 1

WWW.CUBAWEATHER.ORG

CUBA WEATHER HOME I weru_*Tn I cUBAN CLIMATE I VVEATI_iER AVFRAGES

Cuba is in the Caribbean.The climate in Cuba is good.lt has
two seasons: the dry season and the rainy season.The dry
season and the rainy season last for six months.

The dry season is from November toApril.The average

temperatures are between 22'C and 25 'C in the dry

season.The average rainfall is 62 mm in the dry season.lt is
windy in the dry season.

The rainy season is from May to October. In the rainy season,
the average temperatures are between 26 "C and 28'C.
The average rainfall in the rainy season is 146 mm.
The best time to visit Cuba isApril or May.

VVVVW.C U BAWEATH E R.ORG

CUBA WEATHER F.ior4E I wEnrHen I CI*38AN CLIT,iA'fl E I'WEATHFR AVERAGES

t-,JirAY | "i-+me":na*w I5DAY lM*hl'IHLli'

T{itrr1Y l+:sts€l/+Y "I-UE5D wEDt{Es$g\"a

cloudy and (3) sunny and

(2) and cloudy (4)

CUBA WEATHER Iri ii,r--:.1I-,.i:: II'oi,rVi=tf-*.T.-\.t: i Fi,, :ii i-t-,!ii.,:t,i\ tl" l= i F il.J'F WWW.CUBAWEATHER,ORG

5 Llli\s {-j! ! ii WEATHER AVERAGES

{r"i i idTiiaj; +,:,'ilit*t1i:i ,.\\"r E Ri{G E !3 gl.N td FA[_L_ AVERAGE WIh{D
Dry (Nov-Apr) 1-,j;.1 :_ ;?,,:_\-l-U ait: " {-l {FrMi sFEED (KFF{)

Rainy (May-Oct) = 62 mm 8 kph

23'C 146 mm 15 kph

27 "C

I"lNt(,CK READING AND WRITING SKILLS I

I{[LE READING

SCANNING TO 4 Match the facts (l-8)to the correct words and numbers (a-h).

FINE INFORhI IEN I average temperatures ('C) in the dry season a 15
2 months in the rainy season
K b 3l
E
3 average rainfall (mm) in the dry season c 22-25
4 temperature ('C) on Thursday
d 146

5 months in the dry season e November to April

6 average wind speed (kph) in the rainy season f 62
7 average rainfall (mm) in the rainy season g 26-28

8 average temperatures ('C) in the rainy season h May to October

DISCUSSIONI

5 Work with a partner. Ask and answer the questions below.

I ls the climate in Cuba good?

2 What are the seasons in Cuba?
3 ls the climate in your country good?
4 What are the seasons in your country?
5 Where can you frnd facts about climate in your country?

Adjectives and nouns

Words for people, places or things are nouns. Words that describe people, places
and things are adjectives. Adjectives can describe states (e.g. the weather).

The mwn Ls LrJ,L. The room Ls colA,. Ihe cLLmouLe Ls good".

lL Ls hoL. lL Ls ol,oudg. lL Ls srnnu.

IK Circle the adjectives and underline the nouns in the sentences (l-5)

E

below.

Ir -lIne caale'. ts warm.

2 Life is dlfficult.

3 The ctimate is good.
4 Summers are hot.

5 Winters are cotc.

UNLC)€K READING AND WRITING sKII.LS I

Read the sentences (l-5) betow and write the words from the box in
the gaps.

weather is brother are sunny

I The school closed.
2 The children nappy.
3 It is warm and today.
4 The
5 My is cold in Yakutsk
rs young.

Noun phrases

One type of noun phrase is an adjective + a noun.

noun phrases: He Ls o" LaJ,L moa. 'fhLs Ls a. colA, room. Spaln h*s a_ good"
cLt"rnaLe. EggpL ho.s d,rg weo,*,her. The a.verage rdntaLL Ls 6L mm.

3 Make a noun phrase from the bold words in each sentence (l-4) and write
it in the gaps to make a new sentence.

1 Svetlana's caf6 is warm.

Svetlana has a

2 Life is diffrcult in winter.

People have a in winter.

3 In Cuba, the climate is good.

Cuba has a

4 Summers are warm in Moneotia.

Mongolia has

Work with a partner. Correct the mistakes in the sentences (1-5) betow

I Cuba has a ctimate 80oA.

2 | have a family huppy

3 In summer, we have weather good

4 The season is dry is from.June to November.

5 The rainfa[[ is average is 78 mm in spring

UN|EeCK READTNG AND WRIT|NG SKILLS I

t-JNIDIRbTAl..lD At the end of this unit, you will write facts. Look at this unit's writing task in
the box below.

Write facts about the weather in your city.

Understand a table
A table shows facts and numbers. lt is easy to see facts and numbers in a table.

Decimal numbers have a fu[[ stop in them - for exampte, 1.1, 1.7, 2.7. When we say

decimal numbers, we use the word point.

'l.l one poinL one 1.7 one polnb seven 2.7 two polnt seven

Average temperatures and rainfall in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

Ianuary to 1.1
February
March -16 r.7
-7 2.7
April 8.3
+2
May +10 13
+15 42
|une +79 5B
Iuly +18 52
August +8 26
September 6.4
October 0 3.2
November 2.5
December -11
-79

RUSSIAN FEDERATION

U LAAN BAATARo

MONGOLIA

CHINA

U!.[I.fCK READINIC AND WRITII{G 5I(ILLs 1

Work with a partner. Look at the table. Ask and answer the questions

(1-5) betow.

I ls it rainy in February?

2 Is it dry in August?
3 ls it cold in April?
4 ls it cold in October?
5 ls summer rainy or dry?

2 Read the text below and write information from the table in the gaps.

VLo.*nbo"aLer Li Ln ff) . lALo"o,nba*L*r hws

tour sewsons. The sot.sonl are wLnher, sprlng, summer and.

aubumn.

WLnLer Ls trom December Lo Februarg. WLnLers a.re coLd.

Ln lALo.o.nba.o.Lo"r. The 6-yer6,ge Lemperocbures ore trom

(L) "C bo -zz "C. ln wLnber, Lhe overage

3) L5 (rsrn t+') mm t0

L.5 mm.

Summer Ls tron June bo Auqusl. Summers o,re wo-rm i,n

VLa,o.nbaaLo,r. ln st ffimoy, Lhe *verage (5)
ore trom +15 oC Lo G)
"C. lL Ls verg

ra,Lng Ln summen The 0) ra,rnt*LL Ls trom

mm Uo 58 mm.

UNLdCK READING AND WRITING SKILLS 1

GRAf\4MAR FOR RITIN{G

Subject and verb

A sentence is about a subject. The subject is a pronoun, a noun or a noun phrase.

pronoun: I om from BeQLng. She Ls o- sLud-enL. lL Ls sunng.

noun: Mg tabher Ls oLd-. Yakubsk Ls Ln Russi,a. The weo.lher Ls coLd".
noun phrase:The 6,vera,ge rdntoJl Ls L1 mm. Tgpl,caL Le.ena4ers wre

sLud-enLs.

The verb is after the subject in a sentence.

I am from BeQLng. She Ls o- sLud-enL. lL Ls 5unng.

Mg to.Lher Ls oLd-. YakuLsk Ls Ln kussLo.. The weo,bher Ls coLd..

The o.vera.ge r*vnf*LL Ls 2f mm. Tgp'ucwL Leeno.gers axe sLud.enLs.

IK Match the sentence narves.

E

I Svetlana a is 15 kph.

2 Jakarta b are from Cuba

3 The average wind speed c are closed.

4 The schools d is a manager.

5 Alberto and Ana-Maria e is a big city.

Prepositions
The words at, in, from and to are examples of prepositions.

2 Read the sentences (l-5) below and write the prepositions from the box

in the gaps.

to (x2) from (x2) in (x4)

is1 Ulaanbaatar Mongolia.

2 Winters are cold Ulaanbaatar. -16 'C

are3 The average temperatures -22 " C.
+'l5 'C
are4 summer, the average temperatures

+19 " C. summer.

It is very rainy

UNL'€K READING AbID l^{R,ITIF{G sKILLS

Circte the when prepositional phrase in the sentences (l-2) betow.

I ln the dry season, the average temperatures are between 22 'C

and 25 "C.

2 The average temperatures are between 22 "C and 25 "C in the

ory season.

Look at the sentences in Exercise 3. Which sentence has a comma (,) after
the prepositiona[ phrase?

Write the prepositiona[ phrases from the box in the gaps. Add commas
and capital [etters if necessary.

I lt is cold in New York the average rainfall is 6 mm.

2

3 The average rainfall is 360 mm

Put the words in order to make sentences.

1 windy/ October /, / /is it / ln / .

2 weather / goodl summer / is / fhe / in / .

3 Cuba/ climate / good / the / is/ ln /, / .

4 average / the / 34 mm / ln /,/ / /autumn/ rainfal[ is .

5 Yakutsk / fhe / /are cold / winters / in / .

6 monsoon / in/ season/the / is/fhe/temperature/ average/ 27'C/.

7 dry /the/ season /7 mm/ ln/ rainfat/,/ islaverage /the/ .

UNL'CK READING AND WRITING SKILLS I

ACADEMIC RITING SKILLS

I Write the correct letters in the Saps to complete the months.

Jan--r- a-y Ju--
F-b
Ma- Aoq
Ap--I
M__ Se-Le--e-
O-t-ber
J-n- No-e--er
De-e--er

Correct the punctuation in the sentences below. Add capital letters,
commas and fu[[stoos.

1 in january the weather is cold in russia

2 the average temperature is 2l "C in juty
3 in the monsoon season the average rainfa[l is 3'|5 mm in bangalore

in india

4 the weather is sunny on tuesday
5 sultan [ives in shariah in the united arab emirates

I Circle the correct seasons for your city.

a the dry season and the rainy season
b the dry season and the monsoon season

c spring, summer, autumn and winter

UNTACK READING AND WRITING 5KILLS 1

2 Write the name of one season in two or more rows in Co[umn A.

3 Write the names of the months for each season in cotumn B.

4 Write the average temperatures for each season in column C. Use the
internet to help you find information.

write the average rainfallfor each season in column D. Use the internet
to help you find information.

Look at the CriticalThinking section and read the text about

Ulaanbaatar again.

Write information about your city in the gaps below.

$rour country). (Srour city) is in
(your city) has

(number) seasons. The seasons are
and

Write sentences about your city.

I Write a sentence about the weather in one season (e.g. /t is windy/

cold/rainy) and say which months the season is in (e.g Aprit, May).

2 Write a sentence about the average temperatures in this season,
3 Write a sentence about the average rainfall in this season.
4 Write a sentence about the weather in another season (e.g. /f is windy/

cold/rainy).

5 Write a sentence about the average temperatures in this season.
6 Write a sentence about the average rainfall in this season.

UNL(?CK READING AND WRITING SKILLS 1

EDIT 9 Use the task checklist to review your sentences.

SK CHECKLIST

Do your sentences describe two seasons?

Do your sentences show the average temperature and rainfall?
Do the names for your city, country and months have capital

letters?
Does the first word in your sentences begins with a capital letter?

Do your sentences have fu[[ stops?

10 Make any necessary changes to your sentences.

oBJECTTVES REVTEW

11 Check your objectives.

lcan ...

watch and understand a not very
video about a blizzard very
we[[
we[[
nor very
scan a text to find very we[[
information
I not very
well
use capital letters in very
words and sentences well not very

write facts very we[[
well

UNLACK READING AND WRITING SKILLS I

WORDLI

autumn (n) easy (adj) summer (n)
ctoudy (adj) sunny (adj)
cotd (adj) i temperature (n)
warm (adj)
dangerous (adj) l happy (adj) windy (adj)
difficutt (adj) i rainy (adj) winter (n)
dry (adj)
sad (adj)
safe (adj)
spring (n)