Way to Go! - 3 ano (Clique no último botão para ver em tela cheia)

LOOKING AHEAD Maradonna 8888/Shutterstock/Glowo Images
bikeriderlondon/Shutterstock/GlowSOMOS ImagesEducaçã
Love and passion are both extremely strong
feelings. In your opinion, are they different? Do you
agree with the statements below? Why (not)?

1. Love is a state of living, while passion is a
state of being.

2. Passion lasts for a short while, but love
lasts for a long time.

3. In love, deeper understanding is the
essence, while passion doesn’t require it.

In your opinion, can passion and true love coexist in a relationship? Why (not)?
Love is not only about passionate love. It is an intense feeling of caring for another person.
It can take many different forms: romantic, friendly, familial. How important are these
different forms of love in your life? Why?
In your opinion, can love change a person’s life? If not, why? If so, how?

EXTRA READING

<http://psychology.about.com/od/loveandattraction/f/what-is-love.htm>
<http://teenadvice.about.com/od/factsheetsforteens/a/10thingslove.htm>

EXTRA VIDEO

<http://bestmovielovequotes.tumblr.com/>

150 UNIT 8

44Review Units 7 & 8
SOMOS Educação
READING

1. Before reading the whole text, read only the title and the first line. What is the text about? Write

the answer to this question in your notebook.
a. Men don’t fall in love the same way women do.
b. Falling in love on the Internet is inconsequential.
c. People from different countries have different beliefs about love.

Love across Longitude

“Falling in love” is different across the
East-West divide. A new study examined how men
and women from the United States, Lithuania and
Russia defined romantic love. Both Lithuanian
and Russian participants felt that romantic love is
temporary and inconsequential.

This was not the case for those from the United

States, who rated romantic love as highly

important. United States participants also

frequently used words like “comfort”, “love”, and Ruslana Newsom/Shutterstock
“friendship” to describe romantic love, whereas

these words were seldom or never used by their Eastern counterparts. There were also

differences in how those from East and West fell in love. Americans reported that it took two

months to a year to fall in love, whereas the Lithuanian and Russian participants almost

universally reported falling in love within a month. Check out your own beliefs: are you more of the

East or West in your loving? Source: Cross-Cultural Research.

WELL BEING. Australia, Universal Magazines, Issue 136, January 2012. p.12.

2. Copy the following table in your notebook. Then replace each icon ✪ with an expression from the

text above to complete the table.

United States Lithuania and Russia
Participants believe that romantic love is ✪. Participants believe that romantic love is ✪.
Participants reported that it took ✪ to fall in love. Participants reported that it took ✪ to fall in love.

151

LANGUAGE IN USE

RELATIVE PRONOUNS
1. Replace each icon ✪ with a relative pronoun from the box below to complete the following

definitions. Write the answers in your notebook.

who • with whom • that • that
Reprodu•‹o/DigitalSOMOSEditions Educação
ro·mance (rō-mănsʼ, rōʼmănsˈ) love (lŭv)
n. n.
1. Ardent emotional attachment or 1. A deep, tender, ineffable feeling of

involvement between people. affection and solicitude toward a person.

2. A long medieval narrative in prose or 2. A feeling of intense desire and attraction
verse ✪ tells of the adventures and toward a person ✪ one is disposed to
heroic exploits of chivalric heroes. make a pair.

3. An artistic work, such as a novel, 3. A person ✪ is the object of deep or
story, or film ✪ deals with love, intense affection or attraction; beloved.
especially in an idealized form. Often used as a term of endearment.

Adapted from: <www.thefreedictionary.com/>. Accessed in: March 2016.

2. Replace each icon ✪ with a relative pronoun

from the following box to complete the
sentences from the novel A Walk to
Remember, a romance by Nicholas Sparks.
Write the answers in your notebook.

whom • of whom • who • which

a. “It’s basically the story of a man ✪ had lost
his wife a few years back.” (CHAPTER I)

b. “They knew it was based on something
that happened in real life, ✪ gave it special
meaning.” (CHAPTER I)

c. “There were about fifty senior boys at the
high school, twenty-two ✪ were on the
football team, and with the team still in the
running for the state title, none of them
would have the time to go to the
rehearsals.” (CHAPTER IV)

d. “This wasn’t like being with Angela, ✪ I’d
kissed the first time I was ever alone with
her.” (CHAPTER X)

152 Review 4

3. Go back to exercise 2 and identify the words the relative pronouns refer to. Write the answers in

your notebook.

4. In your notebook write a new sentence with the relative pronoun in CAPITAL LETTERS as in the

example. Write the answers in your notebook.

a. Nicholas Sparks has published 17 novels. Eight have been adapted into films, including A Walk
to Remember.
OF WHICH
Nicholas Sparks has published 17 novels of which eight have been adapted into films, including A Walk to Remember.

b. A Walk to Remember is a novel by Nicholas Sparks.
A Walk to Remember is about two teenagers who fall in love with each other.
WHICH

c. Austrian filmmaker Michael Haneke is famous for the movies Amour (2012) and The White
Ribbon (2009).
FOR WHICH

d. Amour is a drama film about an elderly couple, Anne and Georges.
Anne and Georges are retired music teachers.
WHO

RELATIVE PRONOUNS (OMISSION)

5. Choose the sentences below in which the relative pronoun that can be omitted. Write the answers

in your notebook.

a. The Valentine’s card that she bought was very thoughtful.
b. The person that she is in love with is so romantic!
c. Who is the character that married Elizabeth Bennet in Pride and Prejudice?
d. Fitzwilliam Darcy is the character that married Elizabeth Bennet in Pride and Prejudice.
e. The film that we saw yesterday was based on a novel by Jane Austen.
Enem/2012SOMOS Educação
STUDYING FOR EXAMS

Nesta seção, escreva a resposta de cada questão em seu caderno.

1. (Enem/2012)

Aproveitando-se de seu status social e da possível influência
sobre seus fãs, o famoso músico Jimi Hendrix associa, em seu texto,
os termos love, power e peace para justificar sua opinião de que

a. a paz tem o poder de aumentar o amor entre os homens.
b. o amor pelo poder deve ser menor do que o poder do amor.
c. o poder deve ser compartilhado entre aqueles que se amam.
d. o amor pelo poder é capaz de desunir cada vez mais as pessoas.
e. a paz será alcançada quando a busca pelo poder deixar

de existir.

Review 4 153

UFBA/2012SOMOS Educação2. (UFBA/2012) It may be that the coming generation of Asian men
without women will find harmless outlets for their
Identifique as proposições verdadeiras e inevitable frustrations, like team sports or videogames.
some os números a elas associados. But I doubt it. Either this bachelor generation will be a
45 source of domestic instability, whether Brazilian-style
Men Without Women crime or Arab-style revolution — or, as happened in
Europe, they and their testosterone will be exported.
In China, young men soon outnumber There’s already enough shrill nationalism in Asia as it is.
young women by millions. Don’t be surprised if, in the next generation, it takes the
50 form of macho militarism and even imperialism. Lock
1 In 1927, Ernest Hemingway published a collection of up your daughters.
short stories titled Men Without Women. Today, less
than a century later, it sums up the predicament of a FERGUSON, Niall. Men without women. Newsweek, New York,
rising proportion of mankind. March 14, 2011. p. 8. (Adaptado)

5 According to the United Nations, there are far more São afirmações verdadeiras que se
men than women on the planet. The gender gap is depreendem do texto:
especially pronounced in Asia, where there are a
hundred million more guys than girls. This may come (01) Ao contrário da Ásia, há mais mulheres
as a surprise to people in the Western world, where do que homens no mundo ocidental.

10 women outnumber men because — other things (02) Em todo o planeta, o número de
being equal — the mortality rate for women is lower homens supera o de mulheres em mais
than for men in all age groups. Nobel Prize-winning de 100 milhões.
economist Amartya Sen calls it the mystery of Asia’s
“missing women.” (04)Nas diferentes faixas etárias, o índice de
mortalidade dos homens no Ocidente é
15 The mystery is partly explicable in terms of maior do que o das mulheres.
economics. In many Asian societies, girls are less well
looked after than boys because they are economically (08)Em muitas sociedades orientais, as
undervalued. The kind of domestic work they typically meninas são discriminadas tanto em
do is seen as less important than paid work done by seu trabalho como economicamente.

20 men. And, of course, early marriage and minimal birth (16) A atual tendência de casar cada vez
control together expose them to the risks of multiple mais tarde expõe as mulheres asiáticas
pregnancies. a inúmeros riscos de parto.
When Sen first added up the missing women —
women who would exist today if it were not for selective (32) A preferência cultural dos orientais por
filhos do sexo masculino leva as
25 abortion, infanticide and economic discrimination — he mulheres ao aborto seletivo de fetos do
put the number at a hundred million. It is surely higher sexo feminino.
now. For, even as living standards in Asian countries
have soared, the gender gap has widened. That’s Sobre a publicação de Hemingway, Men
because a cultural preference for sons over daughters Without Women, é correto afirmar:

30 leads to selective abortion of female fetuses, a practice (01) É um documentário sobre antigos
made possible by ultrasound scanning, and engaged in problemas do mundo ocidental.
despite legal prohibitions. The American feminist Mary
Anne Warren called it “gendercide.” Notoriously (02) Proporcionou a seu autor o Prêmio
common in northwestern India, it’s also rampant in the Nobel de Literatura.

35 world’s most populous country: China. (04)Possui, como seus principais
That has scary implications. Remember, most of personagens, homens em busca de
uma companheira.
Hemingway’s stories in Men Without Women are about
violence. They feature gangsters, bullfighters, and (08)É uma coletânea de contos cujo título
wounded soldiers as well. The most famous story is sintetiza o dilema de uma proporção
40 called simply “The Killers.” crescente do gênero humano.

(16) Apresenta a violência como tema
predominante na obra.

(32) Defende a causa de toureiros e soldados
desertores.

154 Review 4

THINKING ABOUT LEARNING

HOW CONFIDENT AM I ABOUT...

• taking part in discussions on women in literature?
• taking part in discussions on falling in love?
• using the relative pronouns who, whom, whose, which?
• using relative pronouns (omission)?
• exploring plot overviews?
• exploring quizzes?

Choose one of the following answers:

✓✓✓ Very confident.
✓✓ Reasonably confident.
✓ Not so confident.
SOMOS Educação
WHAT WORDS/EXPRESSIONS HAVE I LEARNED IN UNITS 7 AND 8?

Example: Words/Expressions in use Meaning in context
Words/Expressions
“Jane Eyre is a young orphan being having a great deal of money,
wealthy raised by Mrs. Reed, her cruel, wealthy resources; rich
aunt.”- p. 126

WHAT LEARNING RESOURCES HAVE I USED IN UNITS 7 AND 8?
The items in the box below can help you.

• Dictionaries • Extra videos • Glossary
• Extra readings • Internet • Language Reference and Extra Practice

WHAT DO I NEED TO DO IN ORDER TO IMPROVE MY LEARNING?

Example:
• Organize words in word family charts.

Review 4 155





































SOMOS Educação Forma básica Passado Particípio Tradução
Passado
lay laid laid colocar em posição horizontal, assentar
lead led led liderar
learn learnt/learned learnt/learned aprender
leave left left deixar, partir
lend lent lent emprestar (dar emprestado)
let let let deixar, alugar
lie lay lain deitar
lose lost lost perder, extraviar
make made made fazer, fabricar
mean meant meant significar, querer dizer
meet met met encontrar, conhecer
overcome overcame overcome superar
overtake overtook overtaken alcançar, surpreender
pay paid paid pagar
put put put colocar
quit quit quit deixar, abandonar
read read read ler
andar de (bicicleta, carro etc.), andar a
ride rode ridden (cavalo)
tocar (campainha, sinos etc.)
ring rang rung subir, erguer(-se)
rise rose risen correr, concorrer, dirigir
run ran run serrar
saw sawed sawn dizer
say said said ver
see saw seen procurar obter, objetivar
seek sought sought vender
sell sold sold enviar
send sent sent estabelecer, colocar, pôr em determinada
condição, marcar, ajustar
set set set sacudir, tremer
brilhar
shake shook shaken atirar, alvejar
shine shone shone mostrar, exibir
shoot shot shot encolher, contrair
show showed shown
shrink shrank shrunk

174 Irregular Verbs

SOMOS Educação Forma básica Passado Particípio Tradução
Passado
shut shut shut fechar, cerrar
sing sang sung cantar
sink sank sunk afundar, submergir
sit sat sat sentar
sleep slept slept dormir
slide slid slid deslizar, escorregar
smell smelled/smelt smelled/smelt cheirar
speak spoke spoken falar
spend spent spent gastar
spin spun spun girar, fiar
spit spit/spat spit/spat cuspir
spread spread spread espalhar
stand stood stood parar de pé, aguentar
steal stole stolen roubar
stick stuck stuck furar, fincar, enfiar
stink stank stunk cheirar mal
strike struck struck golpear, desferir, atacar
strive strove striven esforçar-se, lutar
swear swore sworn jurar, prometer, assegurar
sweep swept swept varrer
swim swam swum nadar
swing swung swung balançar, alternar
take took taken tomar
teach taught taught ensinar, dar aula
tear tore torn rasgar, despedaçar
tell told told contar, dizer
think thought thought pensar
throw threw thrown atirar, arremessar
undergo underwent undergone submeter(-se) a, suportar
understand understood understood entender
uphold upheld upheld sustentar, apoiar, defender
wear wore worn vestir, usar, desgastar
weep wept wept chorar
win won won vencer, ganhar
write wrote written escrever, redigir

Irregular Verbs 175

VERBOS IRREGULARES NO PASSADO AGRUPADOS POR FORMAS SEMELHANTES

Forma básica, Passado e Particípio Passado com a mesma forma

Forma básicaSOMOS EducaçãoPassado Particípio Passado Tradução
bet bet bet apostar
bid bid bid oferecer, fazer uma oferta
broadcast broadcast broadcast transmitir, irradiar
cast cast cast atirar, lançar
cost cost cost custar
cut cut cut cortar
hit hit hit bater
hurt hurt hurt machucar
let let let deixar, alugar
put put put colocar
quit quit quit deixar, abandonar
read read read ler
set set set estabelecer, colocar, pôr em
determinada condição, marcar,
shut shut shut ajustar
spread spread spread fechar, cerrar
espalhar

Passado e Particípio Passado terminados em nt/ed

Forma básica Passado Particípio Passado Tradução
burn burnt/burned burnt/burned queimar
learn learnt/learned learnt/learned aprender

Passado com o som /an/ /aŋ/ e Particípio Passado com o som /ʌn/ /ʌŋ/

Forma básica Passado Particípio Passado Tradução
begin began begun começar
drink drank drunk beber
tocar (campainha, sinos
ring rang rung etc.)
correr, concorrer, dirigir
run ran run encolher, contrair
shrink shrank shrunk cantar
sing sang sung afundar, submergir
sink sank sunk cheirar mal
stink stank stunk nadar
swim swam swum

176 Irregular Verbs

Passado com o som /uː/ e Particípio Passado com o som /əʊn/

Forma básica Passado Particípio Passado Tradução
blow blew blown assoprar, explodir
draw drew drawn desenhar
fly flew flown voar, pilotar
grow grew grown crescer, cultivar
know knew known saber, conhecer
throw threw thrown atirar, arremessar
SOMOS Educação
Passado com o som /ʊk/ e Particípio Passado com o som /eɪkən/

Forma básica Passado Particípio Passado Tradução
shake shook shaken sacudir, tremer
take took taken tomar

Passado e Particípio Passado com o som /stʊd/

Forma básica Passado Particípio Passado Tradução
stand stood stood parar de pé, aguentar
understand understood understood entender

Passado e Particípio Passado com o som /əʊld/

Forma básica Passado Particípio Passado Tradução
sell sold sold vender
tell told told contar, dizer

Passado com o som /əʊ/ e Particípio Passado com o som /əʊ/ terminado em en

Forma básica Passado Particípio Passado Tradução
break broke broken quebrar
choose chose chosen escolher
freeze froze frozen congelar, paralisar
speak spoke spoken falar
steal stole stolen roubar

Passado com o som /əʊ/ e Particípio Passado com o som /ɪ/ terminado em en

Forma básica Passado Particípio Passado Tradução
drive drove driven dirigir, ir de carro
andar de (bicicleta, carro etc.),
ride rode ridden andar a (cavalo)
subir, erguer(-se)
rise rose risen escrever, redigir
write wrote written

Irregular Verbs 177

Passado e Particípio Passado com o som /ɔːt/

Forma básica Passado Particípio Passado Tradução
bring brought brought trazer
buy bought bought comprar
catch caught caught pegar, capturar
fight fought fought lutar
seek sought sought procurar obter, objetivar
think thought thought pensar
teach taught taught ensinar, dar aula
SOMOS Educação
Passado com o som /ɔː(r)/ e Particípio Passado com o som /ɔː(r)n/

Forma básica Passado Particípio Passado Tradução
swear swore sworn jurar, prometer, assegurar
tear tore torn rasgar, despedaçar

Passado e Particípio Passado com o som /eɪ/

Forma básica Passado Particípio Passado Tradução

lay laid laid colocar em posição horizontal,
assentar
pay paid paid
pagar

Passado e Particípio Passado com o som /geɪv/

Forma básica Passado Particípio Passado Tradução
forgive forgave forgiven perdoar
give gave given dar

Passado com o som /keɪm/ e Particípio Passado com a mesma forma da Forma básica

Forma básica Passado Particípio Passado Tradução
become became become tornar(-se)
come came come vir

Passado e Particípio Passado com o som /ɛnt/

Forma básica Passado Particípio Passado Tradução
bend bent bent curvar
lend lent lent emprestar (dar emprestado)
send sent sent enviar
spend spent spent gastar

178 Irregular Verbs

Passado e Particípio Passado com o som /ept/

Forma básica Passado Particípio Passado Tradução
guardar, manter
keep kept kept dormir
varrer
sleep slept slept chorar

sweep swept swept
SOMOS Educação
weep wept wept

Passado e Particípio Passado com o som /ɛd/

Forma básica Passado Particípio Passado Tradução
sangrar, ter hemorragia
bleed bled bled alimentar
fugir, escapar
feed fed fed

flee fled fled

Passado e Particípio Passado com o som /ɛlt/

Forma básica Passado Particípio Passado Tradução
negociar, tratar
deal dealt dealt sentir(-se)

feel felt felt

Passado com o som /ɡɒt / e Particípio Passado com o som /ɡɒt/ /ɡɒtn/

Forma básica Passado Particípio Passado Tradução
forget forgot forgot/forgotten esquecer
get got got/gotten obter

Passado e Particípio Passado com o som /ʌk/

Forma básica Passado Particípio Passado Tradução
stick stuck stuck furar, fincar, enfiar
strike struck struck golpear, desferir, atacar

Irregular Verbs 179

Extra Activities

UNITS 1 AND 2 - A

Read the text below and do exercises 1-6.
Write the answers in your notebook.
RicardoSOMOS EdTeles/PulsarImagensucação
Cultural Diversity in Brazil

Brazil has a remarkable creative diversity. Cultural

diversity can be a central issue for the development of

projects in the country, especially focusing on

Indigenous People and Afro-descendants.

Areas like traditional crafts, small manufacturers,

fashion and design are strategic areas for Brazil, given

their capacity to improve the living conditions of the

poorer people. It can bring individual empowerment and © UNESCO
can contribute to poverty reduction. Quarup ritual of Caiapó Indian tribe – Xingu, Brazil

In attempting to face its most pressing problem – social inequality – the country has been discovering

the strong influence of culture in shaping this reality and its potential importance to the eventual

social transformation of the current scenario.

There is still lack of deeper cultural approach when dealing with indigenous people and

Afro-descendants. These two minority groups present the worst social indicators of the country, but

only in the last few years have been targeted by specific social policies.

More needs to be done to preserve:

• Indigenous people’s traditions,

• Indigenous languages that are in danger of disappearing,

• Indigenous traditional knowledge related to nature,

• Indigenous peoples’ lands – there are conflicts related to the expansion of the agricultural frontier

and investments in infrastructure,

• The affirmation of the rights of indigenous peoples, including their right to cultural and linguistic diversity,

• African culture’s influence on Brazilian culture and history.

Unesco Brasilia Office is often sought out on issues of cultural diversity, particularly when it is seen not

only in the context of the imbalance between countries that produce and consume cultural products, but

180

also in its links with human rights and minority rights, and as a way of fighting discrimination that causes
inequality.

In 2007, Brazil ratified the Unesco Convention on Protection and Promotion of Diversity of Cultural
Expressions, approved in 2005. The Convention is a legal instrument that guides the Organization in
elaborating concepts, goals, and policies in favor of cultural diversity with emphasis on pluralism, on
dialogue between cultures and their various beliefs, and on development policies.

The Organization also emphasizes the opportunities that the Convention has been creating in
respect to national legal instruments and to related entities. Unesco expects to contribute to the impact
evaluation of this international instrument on commercial relations that involve cultural services and
cultural goods.

Available at: <www.unesco.org/new/en/brasilia/culture/cultural-diversity/#c1048825>. Accessed in: March 2016.
SOMOS Educação
1. According to the text, what problem needs to be dealt with immediately

in Brazil?

2. Are the following statements true or false? Write T (True) or F (False) for

each statement. Then correct the false statements.

a. Traditional crafts, small manufacturers, fashion and design are examples
of strategic areas for Brazil that can help improve the living conditions of
indigenous people and Afro-descendants.

b. Indigenous people and Afro-descendants are minority groups that have
long been targeted by specific social policies.

c. The Unesco Convention on Protection and Promotion of Diversity of
Cultural Expressions guides the Organization in elaborating concepts,
goals, and policies in favor of cultural diversity.

3. What do the following words in bold refer to?

a. “These two minority groups (...)” (4th paragraph)
b. “(...) particularly when it is seen not only in the context of (...)” (6th paragraph)
c. “(...) and their various beliefs (...)” (7th paragraph)

4. What do the words in bold mean? Make inferences and match the columns

below.

a. “a remarkable creative I. plans of action agreed on or chosen
diversity” (1st paragraph) by a political party, a business etc.

b. “the current scenario” II. looked for and found, especially
(3rd paragraph) when this means using a lot of
effort
c. “specific social policies”
(4th paragraph) III. happening now; of the present time

d. “is often sought out on issues” IV. unusual or surprising in a way that
(6th paragraph) causes people to take notice

Extra Activities 181

5. In “Areas like traditional crafts, small manufacturers, fashion and design”, the

discourse marker like expresses

▲ comparison. ■ exemplification.

6. Read the following fragments and choose the correct item that completes

each sentence below (▲ or ■).
P.SOMChinnapong/ShutterstockOS Educação
ZaZa Studio/ShutterstockI. “In attempting to face its most pressing problem ...” (3rd paragraph)
II. “... given their capacity to improve the living conditions of the poorer

people ...” (2nd paragraph)
III. “... the country has been discovering the strong influence of culture in

shaping this reality ...” (3rd paragraph)

a. The words pressing (fragment I) and living (fragment II) are

▲ verbs. ■ adjectives.

b. The word discovering (fragment III) is

▲ a verb. ■ a noun.

c. The verb face (fragment I) is equivalent in meaning to

▲ cause. ■ deal with.

d. The word pressing (fragment I) is equivalent in meaning to

▲ minor. ■ urgent.

UNITS 1 AND 2 - B

Read the following texts and do exercises 1-5.
Write the answers in your notebook.

“One of my great regrets, and “I love life. I wish I could live
I don’t have many, is that I spent another 500 years, truly.
too long putting people’s status There is so much to do.
and reputation ahead of their I don’t feel bitter or angry
more important qualities. I learned or disappointed. If anything,
far too late in life that a long list I am very grateful for where
of letters after someone’s name I come from. I have absolutely
is no guarantee of compassion, no regrets.”
kindness, humour, all the far more
relevant stuff.” Waris Dirie, Somali fashion model

Bill Nighy, British actor

182 Extra Activities

“I don’t have many regrets. I regretDaxiaoSOMOS Educação Productions/Shutterstock“I do not think I am successful
mistakes, particularly those that Akura Yochi/Shutterstockjust because I have money.
damage other people, and we’ve all I’m successful because I love who
made some of those. But I’m not sad I am and I have no regrets, and
about change.” I’m successful because I have a great
heart and I have compassion and
John Gutfreund (1929-2016), American banker I care and I would be happy with or
without money.”

Suze Orman, American financial advisor

Available at: <www.brainyquote.com>. Accessed in: March 2016.

1. What are the four quotes about?

2. Who is each sentence below related to? Replace each icon ✪ with I, II, III or IV

to complete the following sentences. Write I for Bill Nighy, II for Waris Dirie,
III for Suze Orman and IV for John Gutfreund.
a. ✪ and ✪ don’t have any regrets.
b. ✪ and ✪ don’t have many regrets.
c. ✪ is thankful for her past.
d. ✪ claims that her happiness is not related to wealth.
e. ✪ regrets having overestimated people’s status far too long in life.
f. ✪ believes that everybody has already harmed other people in life.

3. In “I regret mistakes, particularly those that damage other people, and we’ve

all made some of those”, what does the pronoun those refer to?

4. Use If only to rewrite the fragment “I wish I could live another 500 years, truly.”

5. Replace each icon ✪ with the correct form of each verb in parentheses to

complete the sentences below.

a. Bill Nighy gave more importance to people’s reputation rather than their
kindness. He regrets that.
Bill Nighy wishes he ✪ (give) more importance to people’s reputation
rather than their kindness.

b. Suze Orman damaged other people. She regrets that.
Suze Orman wishes she ✪ (damage) other people.

Extra Activities 183

UNITS 3 AND 4 - A

Read the text below and do exercises 1-5.
Write the answers in your notebook.

SusanSOMOS Edu Mulidore/<www.rd.com>caçãoWhen Paramedics Needed a Sign Language Interpreter,
This 11-Year-Old Stepped Up to Help

Without a second thought, Yesenia Diosdado ran to the scene of a
three-car accident to assist EMS workers who were looking for a sign
language interpreter.

On a cold afternoon in January 2015,
Yesenia Diosdado, 11, got off a school
bus in Lenexa, Kansas, near the
apartment building where she lives
with her family. When the bus pulled
away, Yesenia saw police and
emergency workers attending to victims
of a three-car accident that had
occurred at a busy intersection nearby.
Yesenia joined a small crowd of
onlookers across the street.

She noticed that an injured woman
was trying to communicate with an EMS
worker using sign language, but he
couldn’t understand her. “I heard him
ask for an interpreter,” Yesenia says.

She ran over to the paramedic to help — her mother, a former sign language
interpreter, had taught her and her siblings how to sign (no one in the family is
hearing-impaired).

“She said, ‘I sign. Can I help?’” says EMS captain Chris Winger. “I was floored.”
Yesenia was able to relay to the emergency personnel that the woman’s neck
was injured and tell them the name of the local hospital she preferred. “She
looked really hurt,” says Yesenia. “I’m proud that I got to do something to help.”
When her mother, Susan Milidore, 36, heard about Yesenia’s heroics, she
wasn’t surprised. “It’s in her nature to help,” says Susan. “I was impressed that
she recognized the seriousness of the situation and took charge. Most adults
wouldn’t have done that.”
A few weeks later, paramedics presented Yesenia with a gold coin and a
certificate of appreciation at her elementary school.
“My mom always says that you never know when sign language might come
in handy,” says Yesenia. “That day, it did.”

Available at: <www.rd.com/true-stories/inspiring/sign-language-interpreter-hero>. Accessed in: March 2016.

184 Extra Activities

1. What is the purpose of the text?

a. Tell the readers how a young girl learned sign language.
b. Tell the readers about the inspiring story of a young girl.
c. Tell the readers about the bus accident involving a young girl.

SOMOS Educação2. How did Yesenia help the injured woman?

3. What do the words in bold mean? Make inferences and match the columns

below.

a. “a small crowd of onlookers” I. having previously filled a particular
(1st paragraph) role or been a particular thing

b. “an injured woman” II. the people who work for an
(2nd paragraph) organization

c. “a former sign language III. physically hurt
interpreter” (3rd paragraph) IV. people who watch something that

d. “the emergency personnel” is happening but is not involved in it
(5th paragraph)

4. In each noun phrase below, identify the main word as in the example that

follows.
Example:
a. a sign language interpreter
Answer: interpreter
b. a three-car accident
c. a cold afternoon
d. a small crowd of onlookers
e. an injured woman
f. a former sign language interpreter
g. the emergency personnel
h. the seriousness of the situation
i. a certificate of appreciation

5. Rewrite the sentences below. Use indirect speech.

a. “I heard him ask for an interpreter,” Yesenia says.
Yesenia said ✪

b. “She looked really hurt,” says Yesenia.
Yesenia said ✪

c. “It’s in her nature to help,” says Susan.
Susan said ✪

d. “My mom always says that you never know when sign language might
come in handy,” says Yesenia.
Yesenia said ✪

Extra Activities 185

UNITS 3 AND 4 - B

Read the text below and do exercises 1-6.
Write the answers in your notebook.

SpencerSOMOS EduHeyfron/ cação Why This Heroic Boy Scout Went Over a Waterfall
Rdeux for Reader«s Gigest.
When a ten-year-old saw a little girl in danger, he dived in to save her.

It was a sizzling June day on the outskirts
of Austin, Texas, and Sammy Armstrong
couldn’t wait to get in the water.

The ten-year-old was on a camping trip
at McKinney Falls State Park with his mom,
Kelley, his dad, Stacey, and his brothers,
Ben, eight, and Willy, two.

Around 11 a.m., Sammy’s mother
and little brother Ben dropped the
family kayak into Onion Creek, which
meanders through the park’s 750 acres,
and paddled off. Sammy and Willy
accompanied their dad to Upper Falls,
which marks the point where placid Onion Creek plummets 12 feet over a rock
ledge. At the top of the waterfall, a limestone pathway traverses the creek bed.
Below is a swimming hole, 20 feet deep in some places.

With his father watching from the rocks above, Sammy jumped in. He was a
good swimmer – he’d been on the swim team in his hometown of Cypress, Texas.
Sammy played in the water for a while, eventually pulling himself out of the
swimming hole and onto a warm boulder and watching a group of children tramp
through the creek bed above. They were summer campers from Austin who,
along with their counselors, were headed back to the visitors’ parking lot after a
morning hike. As the kids passed Stacey and Willy, a tiny five-year-old girl
reached down to grab a water bottle and lost her balance. In an instant, she was
swept over the falls.

“A girl went over the waterfall!” Stacey shouted. Sammy caught a glimpse of
the girl’s arm and the top of her dark head as the roiling currents pushed her
into the hollow beneath the rock ledge, hiding her from the crowd above. She
bobbed up and down, struggling in the deep water. “I’m kind of freaked out at
this point,” Sammy says now.

His father, with Willy clasped under one arm, walked toward the edge of the
waterfall to try to locate the girl, but Sammy was the one in striking distance.
“You have to get her out of there!” Stacey yelled down to him. Sammy was
nervous, but “my dad just looked at me, and I understood what I had to do.”

Available at: <www.rd.com/true-stories/inspiring/heroic-boy-scout-waterfall>.
Accessed in: March 2016.

186 Extra Activities