E COMPEDIUM

e – Conference on An Update on Diagnosis and Treatment of Various Surgical Ailments
for Farm and Pet Animals

Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University
Veterinary College and Research Institute,
Orathanadu, Thanjavur-614625

Dr. T. Sivakumar, M.V.Sc., M.Sc (UK)., Ph.D.,
Dean, Veterinary College &Research Institute,
Orathanadu

FROM CONVENER’S DESK

It is my great pleasure to invite you all for the International e-Conference on “An Update on
Diagnosis and Treatment of Various Surgical Ailments for Farm and Pet Animals” to be held on 21st
and 22nd October 2020 organized by the Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Veterinary
College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625, Tamil Nadu, India.

The e-conference and the sessions will have topics of interest for surgical cases on their everyday
challenges and solutions from all perspectives. This will have presentations by students and lead papers of
high quality by eminent personalities. This is one of the platforms where undergraduate students express
their talent in presentation on diagnosis and treatment aspects of various surgical cases. The topics being
covered in the e-conference are need-based and would definitely enrich the knowledge on management of
wound, lameness in equines and intestinal surgeries and their associated complications in pet animals.

I assure that the lectures to be delivered will be more informative incorporating recent advances in
the treatment aspects which would be very much useful for Academicians, Field Veterinarians and
Students.

I wholeheartedly complement the organizer Dr.A.Kumaresan, Assistant Professor and Head,
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology and his team for their studious efforts in organizing this
event.

I wish the e-conference a great success!!

(Dr. T. Sivakumar)

Email : [email protected] Phone : 04372-234011 Fax: 04372-234022

e– Conference on An Update on Diagnosis and Treatment of Various Surgical Ailments
for Farm and Pet Animals

E– conference organizing team

Convenor & Chairman Co-Convenor & Co-Chairman

Dr.T.Sivakumar Dr.S. Balasubramanian
Dean Director of Clinic

Organizing Secretary Co-Organizing Secretary's

Dr. A. Kumaresan, Dr. S.SenthilKumar Dr. P.Tamilmahan

Assistant Professor &Head Associate Professor &Head Assistant Professor

e – Conference on An Update on Diagnosis and Treatment of Various Surgical Ailments
for Farm and Pet Animals

E– conference organizing team

Treasurer Technical team Chairman

Dr.V.Prabaharan Dr.B.Puvarajan
Assistant Professor,VGO Asst. professor and Head, VMC

Technical Team Members

Dr.A.Clement Ebneeze Henry Dr.S.Raja Dr.M.Venkatesan
Asst. Professor, LPM Asst . Professor,VGO Asst . Professor,VMD

Chairman Propagation and Technical session Members

Dr.A.Manivannan Dr.K. Kannan Dr.P.K. Ramkumar
Professor and Head , AHE Asst. Professor,VCC Asst. Professor,VCC

Chairman Certificate committee Members

Dr.S. Sathishkumar Dr.M. Saravanan Dr.A.S. Selvaramesh
Professor & Head,VGO Asst. Professor,VCC Asst. Professor, AGB

e – Conference on An Update on Diagnosis and Treatment of Various Surgical Ailments
for Farm and Pet Animals

International e – Conference on An Update on Diagnosis and
Treatment of Various Surgical Ailments for Farm and Pet Animals

e - Conference Programme Schedule

Date: 1 - 21.10.2020
2.30 to 2.35 pm : Entry of participants
2.35 to 2.45 pm : Inaugural Programme
2.45 to 6.00 pm : Small animal session e poster presentation

6.00 to 7.00 pm : Intestinal surgeries in Dogs Dr. Deepan Kishore,
and Cats DVM Equivalent MS
Diplomate, American Board of
Veterinary Practitioners Canine and
Feline specialty, Neel Veterinary
Hospital, Oklahoma, USA

Date : 2- 22.10.2020

2.30 to 2.35pm : Entry of participants

2.35 to 6.00 pm : Large animal session e poster presentation

6.00 to 7.00 pm : Lameness in Horses Dr. Hugh Duddy, DVM
Resident Equine Surgeon,
Veterinary Clinical Sciences,
College of Veterinary Medicine,
Oklahoma state University, USA

Dr. Daniel J Burba, DVM, DACVS
Professor, Equine surgery, Head,
7.00 to 8.00 pm : Wound management in Horses Department of Veterinary Clinical
Sciences, College of Veterinary
Medicine, Oklahoma state
University, USA

8.10 to 8.30 pm : Valedictory - Declaration of award winners and concluding
remarks

e – Conference on An Update on Diagnosis and Treatment of Various Surgical Ailments
for Farm and Pet Animals

Guest Speakers

e – Conference on An Update on Diagnosis and Treatment of Various Surgical Ailments
for Farm and Pet Animals

Dr. Deepan Kishore,
DVM Equivalent MS
Diplomate, American Board of Veteri-
nary Practitioners Canine and Feline
specialty, Neel Veterinary Hospital,
Oklahoma, USA

 Deepan K Kishore BVSc & AH, Graduate of Madras Veterinary College, DVM
equivalent MS, Diplomate of American Board of Veterinary Practitioners for Ca-
nine and Feline.

 He is in charge of surgery and community practice and Research Director of
Neel Veterinary Hospital, Oklahoma. He is doing many surgeries in soft tissue,
orthopedics and minimally invasive procedures.

 He has established clinical trials for cancer and other minimally invasive
therapies. He has published many articles in peer reviewed journal in relation to
heat stress and adaptation of immune system to multiple stressors and toxins.

e – Conference on An Update on Diagnosis and Treatment of Various Surgical Ailments
for Farm and Pet Animals

Dr. Daniel J Burba, DVM, DACVS
Professor, Equine surgery, Head,
Department of Veterinary Clinical
Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine,
Oklahoma state University, USA

 Prof Daniel J Burba completed his undergraduate study in Biology at
Morehead State University, Kentucky. Veterinary graduation from College of
Veterinary Medicine at Auburn University in 1986.

 He has done internship program in Large Animal Medicine and Surgery at
Oklahoma State University and subsequently completed a residency in equine
surgery during the year 1990.

 He served as Assistant professor in equine surgery for 25 years at School of
Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University. He joined the College of
Veterinary Medicine at Oklahoma State University in the year 2015 as
professor of equine surgery. Currently serving as Head of the Department of
Veterinary Clinical Sciences.

 Prof taught more than 20 courses and conducted several skills laboratories.
He has contributed 15 book chapters and published 38 manuscripts; over 100
proceedings; 10 scientific posters; numerous presentations at local, regional,
and national levels.

 He became a Diplomate of the American College of Veterinary Surgeons in
1995. Received rewards such as the Carl J. Norden distinguished teaching
award, teaching merit honor roll of Gamma Sigma Delta Honor Society of
Agriculture

 He is serving as a member in several professional and technical Phi Zeta
Veterinary Medicine Honor Society,, Veterinary Wound Management Society,
American Association of Equine Practitioners and American Association of
Veterinary Clinicians. Currently hold the McCasland Professorship in
Biomedical Laser Surgery. He has vast clinical and research experiences in
equine orthopaedics and laser surgeries.

e – Conference on An Update on Diagnosis and Treatment of Various Surgical Ailments
for Farm and Pet Animals

Dr. Hugh Duddy, DVM
Resident Equine Surgeon, Veterinary
Clinical Sciences, College of Veteri-
nary Medicine, Oklahoma state Univer-
sity, USA

 Dr.Hugh Duddy completed undergraduate degree in electrical engineering
from Trinity College, Dublin (Ireland) as well as a graduate degree in business
administration from Southern Methodist University in Dallas, Texas (USA) and
he did DVM program at Oregon State University (USA) in 2016.

 He completed intern programme at Colorado State University (USA). He
completed one year equine internship at the University of Illinois.

 Now, he is pursuing ACVS residency at Oklahoma State University. He is
concurrently enrolled in M.Sc., program in comparative biomedical sciences.
He is interested in treating musculoskeletal and respiratory conditions of
equines and bovines. He is also interested in the application of veterinary
research to human medicine.

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

Small Animal Surgery Session

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

SAS - 1
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF MAST CELL TUMOR THROUGH WIDE
MARGINATION FOLLOWED BY FLANK FOLD SKIN FLAP IN A DOG
Aishwarya Das1 and Dr.M.Gokulakrishnan2
1Final Year, B.V.Sc & AH, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai - 07.

2Assistant Professor, Department of Clinics, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai -07.
Reconstruction of large skin defect originated from excision of large tumour due to

insufficient skin. Mast cell tumour represent 20-25% of skin tumour in dogs. The important
factor in determining prognosis and treatment is histological grade. A 9 year old, intact male
dog was brought to SAC-OP at Madras Veterinary College Hospital with history of
progressive, ulcerative, non-pedunculated swelling extending craniolateral from left stifle joint.
Survey radiograph ruled out metastasis and bony involvement. Fine Needle Aspiration
Cytology revealed mast cell tumor. Surgical intervention, henceforth planned. Standard
anesthetic protocol was given. Wide margin excision of tumor was performed followed by
flank fold flap. No abnormalities were detected through subjective assessment of the skin flap,
ascertaining flap uptake. Successful closure of large post tumor defect was performed through
flank fold skin flap.

References:
1. Fan T.M,Kitchell B.E.,Daliwahl R.S. 2001.Mast cell neoplasia in dogs.Vet Med.96:919-929.

2. Pavletic M. M. 2010.Atlas of small animal wound management and reconstructive surgery
(3rd ed., pp.81- 124, pp.241-284, pp.307-430).

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 1
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

SAS - 2
INTRA-ABDOMINAL SERTOLI CELL TUMOUR IN A NON-DESCRIPT
DOG AND ITS SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
Kamani Dinesh Reddy1 and Gokulakrishnan. M2
1Final year BVSc and AH, Madras Veterinary college.
2Assistant Professor, Department of Clinics , Madras Veterinary College.

Testicular neoplasms are common in dogs, and their incidence is higher in older
animals, and in cases of cryptorchidism. A six year old male non descript dog was presented to
the Madras Veterinary College Hospital with the history of large size swelling at the ventral
abdomen adjacent to the body of penis. The dog was apparently healthy with normal
temperature, pulse and respiratory rates with a complaint of bilateral symmetrical loss of hair
and lethargy. On clinical examination, right testis was descended and monorchid in nature. No
metastasis on thorax radiography. Lateral abdominal radiograph revealed soft contoured mass.
Haematology and serum biochemistry values revealed thrombocytopenia, neutrophilia shift to
left and a marginal increase in ALP levels. Ultrasound guided biopsy confirmed the diagnosis
as Intraabdominal Sertoli cell tumour. Animal sedated, induced with Propofol (5 mg/ kg
dosage) and maintained under Inhalant anaesthesia with 2% Isoflurane. An exploratory
laparotomy was done and intra-abdominal testicle was excised. The atrophied testicle which
was resected following which scrotal ablation was made. Histopathological examination
confirmed Sertoli cell tumor. The animal was recovered uneventfully.

Key words: Sertoli cell Tumour-Surgical removal-Histopathology

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 2
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

SAS - 3

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF IDIOPATHIC MEGACOLON BY

SUBTOTAL COLECTOMY IN A CAT

P.Pratickshaa1 and Dr.M.Gokulakrishnan2

1 Final year, B.V.Sc & AH ,Madras Veterinary College, Chennai ,

2Assistant Professor, Department of Clinics, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai

Megacolon is defined as dilation of the colon which may occur as a congenital disease
or an acquired condition and frequently occurs as an idiopathic condition in middle-aged to
older cats. A 10-year-old female DSH cat was referred to the Madras Veterinary College
Hospital with 8 month history of recurring bouts of severe constipation. Fecal impaction was
palpable on abdominal palpation with absence of narrow pelvis on rectal examination. Hemato
biochemical profile revealed mild anemia with increased PCV and BUN. Colon diameter was
more than 1.5 times the length of the L7 vertebrae through radiographic scoring. Case was
therefore diagnosed as Idiopathic megacolon. Cat was refractory to medical treatment and
hence Subtotal colectomy was planned and performed under a standard anesthetic protocol.
Dilated colon was excised leaving the ileocolic junction intact. Luminal size disparity was man-
aged by spatulating small lumen on anti mesenteric side. Pet was diarrheic for three days post
operatively which was managed with a low-fat, high-residue feed. Animal had no episodes of
constipation or obstipation and was reviewed periodically; the pet had an uneventful recovery.
Subtotal colectomy has been considered a “last-resort salvage procedure” in cats that are
nonresponsive to medical management as done in above case.

Reference
1. D.C. Barnes [2012], Subtotal colectomy by rectal pull- through for treatment of idiopathic
megacolon in 2 cats, Can Vet J ;53:780–782
2. K.M.Tobias and S.A.Johnston,Veterinary Surgery Small Animal, Volume 2 , 2012 edition,
Pg.No:1557-1561.

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 3
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

SAS - 4

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF SPLENIC TORSION IN A

GERMAN SHEPHERD DOG

S.Nirosha, Dr.A.Kumaresan, Dr. P.Tamilmahan, Dr.S.Senthilkumar, Dr.M.Saravanan,
Dr.N.Premalatha, Dr.J.Selvaraj and Dr.G.Sarath Kumar.
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology,
Veterinary College and Research Institute,
Orathanadu, Thanjavur - 614625

An eight years old German Shepherd bitch was presented to Small Animal Surgery
Unit, VCC, VCRI, Orathanadu with the history of anorexia and yellowish emesis for the past 4
days. Physical examination revealed dehydration, tachycardia, distended painful abdomen and
hard mass on palpation. Radiography examination revealed spleen border was not clear
extensive radiodensity noticed in the spleen area suggestive of splenomegaly. Ultrasound
examination revealed enlarged spleen and hypoechoic region noticed. Complete absence of
blood flow in Doppler examination. The case was diagnosed as splenic torsion. Total
Splenectomy was advocated. Pre-operative stabilization of the patient carried out with blood
transfusion. Ventral abdominal area was prepared for aseptic surgery. The animal was pre-
anaesthetized with Inj. Atropine @ 0.04 mg/ kg and Inj. Diazepam @ 0.5 mg/ kg and Inj.
Propofol @ 4 mg/kg was given for induction and maintained under isoflurane gaseous
anesthesia. The necrosed, unusual size of spleen was excised through mid ventral laparotomy,
splenic torsion was observed. Abdominal closure was done with No.1-0 PGA employing
simple interrupted suture pattern The wound edges were sutured using silk. Histopathology
results showed hemorrhagic infarct of spleen. Animal recovered from general anesthesia. Post
operative care was given intensively and the animal succumbed 48 hrs post surgery.

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 4
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

SAS - 5
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF UTERINE LEIOMYOSARCOMA IN A LABRADOR

RETRIEVER BITCH
S.Alimudeen1* and M.GokulaKrishnan2
Department of Clinics, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai - 07.
Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University

A 11 year old, intact female Labrador bitch was referred to Small Animal Surgery Out
Patient unit of Madras Veterinary College Hospital with history of progressive abnormal
abdominal distention since two months. On clinical examination hard fluctuating, painless mass
was palpable at the caudal abdomen. There was no report of vaginal discharge The animal was
dull and dyspnic. Routine Survey radiography of the abdomen and the thorax were performed
to rule out metastasis and extent of soft tissue involvement which revealed absence of
metastasis and presence of an irregular mass at the caudal abdomen. Ultrasound was performed
to confirm the diagnosis that revealed the presence of very large mass hyperechoic mass
localized in the abdominal area displacing stomach, liver and intestine. Symptomatic treatment
was aided. Hematobiochemical profile was taken that revealed thrombocytopenia, marginal
anaemia and increased ALP and altered Calcium Phosphorus level. Following restoration of
dehydration and stabilisation of the patient, an exploratory laparotomy was planned and
performed. The uterine tumor was resected and excised through a standard ovariohysterectomy.
The mass was evaluated histopathological to rule out the nature of cells which revealed
leiomyosarcoma of the uterus. Standardised post-operative care and treatment were
administered until the dog had an uneventful recovery. Reassessment radiography, two months
postoperatively revealed absence of any abnormalities.

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 5
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

SAS - 6
SURGICAL REPAIR OF AVULSION FRACTURE OF OLECRANON PROCESS
USING TENSION BAND WIRING IN A CHIPPIPARAI DOG
Giridharan S*, Dr. S. Dharmaceelan, Dr.D. Vishnugurubaran,
Dr.S. Kokila and Dr.A.R. Ninu
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tirunelveli-627358
Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University
* Final year student
A year-old female Chippiparai dog was referred to Small Animal Surgery Unit of

Veterinary Clinical Complex, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tirunelveli with a
history of injury to the left forelimb while hunting by hitting on a rock. On physical
examination crepitation felt at elbow joint and non-weight bearing lameness noticed. Pain and
swelling noticed on the left elbow joint. Radiographic examination of the limb revealed
complete avulsion fracture of the olecranon process, and was decided to perform a surgical
stabilization by open reduction and internal fixation with tension band wiring. Under atropine
(0.04mg/kg) premedication xylazine (1mg/kg) sedation with ketamine (5mg/kg) – diazepam
(0.5mg/kg) induction, oro-endotracheal tube was introduced and anesthesia was maintained
with isoflurane at variable vaporizer setting under spontaneous respiration and fresh gas flow
rate at 1lit/min. After reducing the fractured bones, tension band wiring was performed.
Immediate postoperative radiographs revealed good alignment and apposition of the fractured
fragments. The fractured limb was stabilized with a modified Robert Jones bandage till the day
of surgery. Post-operative radiographs were taken on 7th, 14th, 28th and 45th day revealed
healing of fractured bones. The animal recovered uneventfully.

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 6
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

SAS - 7

Surgical Management of Fibrosarcoma in an intact Golden Retriever Dog

Chakravarthi. R1 and Dr. Gokulakrishnan. M2
1Final year BVSc and AH, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai -07.
2Assistant Professor, Department of Clinics , Madras Veterinary College, Chennai -07.

Fibrosarcoma is a malignant tumour of the fibroblasts and it is of mesenchymal origin.
A three year old, intact male, Golden Retriever dog was presented with a history of a firm
round mass in dorsal region of neck with one month of history. The mass was firm in palpation
and about 5 cm radius in size on clinical examination. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC)
revealed pleomorphic fibrocytes with prominent nucleoli. Hematobiochemical values were
within normal limits. Animal sedated, induced with Propofol (5 mg/ kg dosage) and maintained
under Inhalant anaesthesia with 2% Isoflurane. The mass was then surgically resected using
surgical diathermy under inhalant anaesthesia with additional 2 cm normal tissue as safety
margin to prevent infiltration of oncogenic fibroblasts which prevents recurrence.
Histopathology section of revealed TMN staging asT1bN0M0 and Grade G1.
Immunohistochemical study showed positive expression for vimentin and no expression for
cytokeratin which confirms diagnosis differentiating tumours of epithelial origin. The wound
healed eventually and no recurrence was evidenced.

Key words: Fibrosaercoma- Surgical Diathermy- Immunohistochemistry

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 7
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

SAS - 8

AMPUTATION OF TAIL IN A GERMAN SHEPHERD DOG

K.Padmavathi, B.Udaya kumarai, N.Arul jothi

Department of veterinary Surgery and Radiology
Raivi Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education And Research

Puducherry-605009

A six years old German Shepherd male dog was presented to TVCC at RIVER,
Puducherry with the history of wound on the tail region since one week. On clinical
examination wound with coccygeal bone fracture was noticed. Under inj. Xylazine @ 1mg /kg
body wt. and Inj. Ketamine @ 5 mg/ kg body wt. I/V sedation. The dog was prepared for
surgery after routine pre-operative procedure, amputation of the tail was performed above the
fractured site. V-Shaped skin Incision was done on dorsal and ventral aspect of tail region.
Muscles were separated and two Lateral and one ventral coccygeal arteries were ligated.
Dis-articulation was performed, Muscle layers were sutured using catgut (size-0) and skin
sutured with Black-braided cotton silk(size-1). Post operatively, Tab. Cefpet (200mg) for
5days. Advised to apply E collar and multivitamins syrup. Sutures removed on 10th day
postoperatively and the animal recovered uneventfully.

Key words: Dog, coccygeal fracture, Amputation

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 8
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

SAS - 9
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF UMBILICAL HERNIA IN A PUP
Sravya.R,B.Udaya Kumari,N.Aruljothi.
Department of veterinary Surgery and Radiology
Raivi Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education And Research
Puducherry-605009

A Three month old Rajapalayam male pup was presented to the Department of
Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, TVCC, RIVER with the history of swelling in the
umbilicus for past 10 days. On clinical examination , a soft painless reducible swelling with 3
finger diameter hernial ring was noticed .Under Xylazine @ 1mg /kg /b.wt and Inj. Ketamine
@ 11mg/kg.b.wt, anesthesia hernioraphy was performed with aseptic precautions. Hernial
contents, omentum and Intestine was repositioned and the ring was closed by overlapping
suture pattern by using polyamide size ‘0’. Skin was closed with simple interrupted suture
pattern post- operatively Inj.cefotaxime @ 25 mg/kg/bwt IV given for 5 days, multivitamin
was given for 10 days and E collar was applied. Skin sutures were removed on the 10th day and
the pup recovered uneventfully .

Key words: Pup, umbilical hernia.

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 9
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

SAS - 10
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF RECURRENT PERINEAL HERNIA WITH MODI-

FIED CONE MESH TECHNIQUE

M. Abarna, M.G. Mohamed Ali
Department of Clinics, Madras Veterinary College
Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai-600 007

An 11 year old, castrated male dog was presented to MVC Teaching Hospital with the
history of vomiting, dysuria, dyschezia and swelling over the right perineal region. The animal
had a previous history of being surgically treated for perineal hernia using traditional technique
a year ago. On clinical examination, the general physiological parameters were normal except
for the swelling over the perineal region which was reducible and doughy in consistency.
Radiograph has confirmed that bladder was herniated and hence the animal was catheterized
prior to surgery. The animal was pre-anesthetised using Inj. Butorphenol @ 0.2 mg/Kg IV, Inj.
Diazepam @ 0.25mg/Kg IV, Inj. Ceftrioxone @ 20 mg/Kg IV and induced using Inj. Propofol
@ 3mg/Kg IV titrated to effect and maintenance was with Isoflurane 2.5%. The animal was
placed in sternal recumbency and the perineal region was aseptically prepared. A lubricated
gauze tampon was inserted into the rectum and pursestring suture was applied. The bladder and
omentum were visualized after incising skin, subcutaneous tissue and the hernial sac
respectively and were repositioned back to their anatomical position and the hernial ring was
closed using cone shaped polypropylene mesh and the anal plug was removed after surgery.
Post operatively, the animal was maintained with analgesic and antibiotic for another 5 days
and it had an imperceptible recovery without any complications. Modified cone shaped method
of polypropylene mesh can be successfully used to treat the recurrent cases of perineal hernia.

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 10
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

SAS - 11

MANAGEMENT OF EXTENSIVE WOUND USING
COLLAGEN IN A BULLMASTIFF DOG

B.Dayana Priyatharshini, N.Gurunathan and N.Aruljothi
Department of veterinary Surgery and Radiology

Raivi Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education And Research
Puducherry-605009

A six months old female Bullmastiff weighing around 25 kg bwt, was presented to
the department of veterinary surgery and radiology, TVCC, RIVER with the history of having
a wound, on the neck region for past one week. On clinical examination, an extensive wound
(15cm length and 10cm width) was noticed on the dorsum of the neck upto the hip region with
loss of skin. After removing the necrotic tissue, the wound was lavaged with povidone iodine +
metronidazole solution and was covered with collagen sheet ( kollagen - Xenoderm -WTM )
and protected with a bandage. Inj.Cefotaxime @ 25 mg/kg b.wt. given IV for 5 days. At one
week interval two more application of Collagen sheet done. Advised to give multivitamins
syrup and to apply E. collar for 3weeks. Complete wound healing was noticed after three
weeks and the animal showed uneventful recovery. Use of Collagen sheet is very effective in
extensive wound healing in dogs.

Key words: Bullmastiff, wound, Collagen sheath.

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 11
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

SAS - 12
MANAGEMENT OF MULTIPLE SPINAL FRACTURES IN JUVENILE INDIAN
ROCK PYTHON BY MODIFIED SPLINT USING WATER HOSE
K.Vigneshkumar *, Dr.D.Vishnugurubaran, Dr.M.Bharathidasan,
Dr.S.Dharmaceelan and Dr.R.Ramprabhu
Veterinary Clinical Complex
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tirunelveli-627358
Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University
* Final year student

A juvenile Indian Rock Python was brought to Small Animal Surgery Unit of
Veterinary Clinical Complex, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tirunelveli with a
history of run over by an automobile. Physical examination revealed swelling in the spinal
region and unable to move its lower half of the body. Radiographic examination revealed
multiple distal thoracic spinal fracture. The snake was anaesthetized with Ketamine @ 25 mg
per kg i.v. Modified splint was applied using 2 and half inch water hose padded with adhesive
tape and crepe bandage. The snake recovered from anaesthesia and kept under observation with
forest department and advised to provide the balanced diet. Postoperatively the snake was
administered with oral Methylprednisolone in tapering dose and multivitamin and calcium
supplement were continued for 20 days. The python showed remarkable recovery on 10th day
onwards. Modified splint was removed after 21 days. The snake was uneventfully recovered
and released back to the forest.

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 12
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

SAS - 13
SURGICAL REMOVAL OF AURAL CYSTADENOMA IN A DOG
Aishwarya Gayathri, B. Udaya Kumari, N. Arul Jothi
Department of veterinary Surgery and Radiology
Raivi Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education And Research
Puducherry-605009

A 7 years old male Labrador weighing around 45 kgs was presented to the Department
of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, RIVER, with a swelling below the right ear for past two
months. On clinical examination, a palpable mass with mucopurulent discharge was noticed
from the affected ear. Physiological parameters were within normal range. On ultrasonography,
occlusion and thickening of the ear canal noticed. Animal was sedated with Inj. xylazine @ 1
mg/kg b.wt. I/V and anaesthesia maintained with propofol @ 6 mg/kg b.wt. I/V. Under aseptic
condition, growth from the ear canal was dissected and removed using electrocautery The ear
canal was sutured with skin using braided silk (size 1-0) with simple interrupted pattern.
Postoperatively Inj. Cefotaxime @ 25mg/kg b.wt. I/V for 5 days, Inj. Meloxicam @ 0.2mg/kg
b.wt. I/M for 2 days were administered. Histopathology of excised mass revealed it as
cystadenoma.

Key words: Dog; Occlusion of Ear Canal; Cystadenoma; Neoplasia.

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 13
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

SAS - 14

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF TRICHOBEZOAR IN A PUP
Geetika.B, Gurunathan.N, Arul jothi.N

Department of veterinary Surgery and Radiology
Raivi Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education And Research

Puducherry-605009

A 6 months old female non descriptive pup was presented with the history of anorexia,
dysphagia, dyspnoea, restlessness. Clinical examination revealed subnormal temperature,
blanched conjunctival mucous membrane. X-ray revealed distended abdomen with impacted
faecolith. After sedating the pup with inj. xylazine@ 0.5mg /kg bWt & ketamine hydrochloride
@ 5mg /kg bd.wt I/V, midline celiotomy was performed under aseptic condition, stomach was
identified & trichobezoar was removed through gastrotomy incision. The stomach was closed
with lamberts suture followed by Cushing suture using 2-0 Polyglactin 910. Abdominal
muscles and subcutaneous were sutured by interlocking suture pattern. Skin was closed with
simple interrupted pattern. Surgical site was protected with povidone gauze and bandaged. Post
operatively inj. Taxim @ 25 mg /kg bwt & fluids for five days were given. Advised liquid diet
from 3rd day. Sutures removed on 10th day. Animal recovered uneventfully.

Keywords: Gastrotomy, Trichobezoar, Pup.

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 14
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

SAS - 15

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF FAECOLITHS IN A CAT

Prajna U.Bhat, B.Udaya Kumari, N. Arul Jothi
Department of veterinary Surgery and Radiology
Raivi Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education And Research

Puducherry-605009

A one year old domestic shorthair tom cat was presented to DVSR, RIVER with a
history of inappetence, vomiting and obstipation for 7 days. Hard mass was felt in the abdomen
on palpation. Radiological examination revealed faecoliths in the intestines. The cat was
stabilized with I/V fluids and Inj. Dexamethasone @ 2mg/kg I/V. Under Inj. xylazine @
0.5mg/kg I/M – Inj. ketamine (@20mg/kg I/M anaesthesia, caudal midline celiotomy was
performed under aseptic condition. Impacted faecolith and gas filled intestines with paralytic
ileus was observed at the level of the ascending colon. Linear incisions were made on the two
impacted sites and the faecoliths were removed. Intestine was sutured with cushing pattern
using polyglactin 910 size 3-0 at both the sites. Muscle, subcutaneous and skin were closed as
per standard procedure. Post operatively Inj. Cefotaxim @ 25mg/kg I/V was administered.
Consequent post operative care was advised with Inj. Cefotaxim, Inj. Neurobion @ 1ml I/M
and Inj. Prednisolone 1mg/kg I/M (for 5 days), I/V fluids and use of E-collar. On the 2nd day,
inj. Cefovecin Sodium@8mg/kg S/C was administered. Dietary management adviced.

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 15
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

SAS - 16
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF TRANSITIONAL CELL CARCINOMA BY
PARTIAL CYSTECTOMY IN A BITCH
Sonia. S1 and Dr. M. Gokulakrishnan2
1Final Year B.V.Sc. & A.H.
2Assistant Professor Madras Veterinary College, Chennai -07.

A 13 years old female Labrador was presented to MVCH- Surgery Unit with the history
of inappetance and hematuria. On clinical examination animal was active and alert with
congested conjunctival mucous membrane and enlarged popliteal lymph node. Survey
radiography revealed splenomegaly with absence of any structural deformity in the bladder.
Since the radiography was not convincing ultrasonography was performed additionally to
confirm the diagnosis which revealed the presence of extensive echogenic growth in dorsal
wall cranial portion of the bladder measuring around 2.8cm in thickness. All vital
parameters of haemato-biochemical profile were within normal range except neutrophilia and
elevated ALP. Spin cytology of urine sample was suggestive of transitional cell carcinoma. The
dog was treated with Tab. Piroxicam @0.3mg/kg, PO for 60 days but was unresponsive for the
conservative therapy hence surgical intervention was planned. Midventral celiotomy was
performed and bladder exteriorized .Since the tumor was not involving the trigone of the
bladder partial cystectomy was performed without affecting the functional status of the trigone.
The animal had an uneventful recovery.
keywords: Transitional cell carcinoma, partial cystectomy, piroxicam.

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 16
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

SAS - 17
GASTRODUODENOSTOMY FOR LEIOMYOSARCOMA OF PYLORUS IN A DOG

Gali Venkata Sriharsha , Dr. A. Kumaresan, Dr. P. TamilMahan, Dr. S. Senthil Kumar,
Dr. M. Saravanan, Dr. J. Selvaraj and G.Baby
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology
Veterinary College and Research Institute,
Orathanadu, Thanjavur-614 625.

A 10 months old non-descript male dog was presented to VCC, VC&RI, Orathanadu,
with the history of persistent vomition, anorexia, melena, for more than one month was treated
by field Veterinarian. Clinical examination revealed dehydration with progressive weight loss.
On abdominal ultrasonography, significant thickening of the pyloric wall and narrowing gastric
-outlet tract noticed. Plain radiograph revealed increased radio density at the region of pylorus
and Contrast radiography revealed delayed gastric emptying. The endoscopic appearance is
described as several patterns of enlarged mucosal folds that surrounded and obstructed the
pyloric canal. Endoscopically obtained biopsy samples of mucosa were collected.
Histopathology revealed Leiomyosarcoma. Haematology shows mild anemia. Anaesthetic
protocol includes Premedication, Induction (Propofol) and Maintenance(Isoflurane 2.5%).The
goal of surgical treatment of Pyloric stenosis is to remove the pyloric obstruction and normalize
gastric emptying, thus Pylorectomy with Gastroduodenostomy was followed according to
standard protocol. Post-operatively treated with Fluid therapy, Antibiotics, Analgesics, H2
blockers and Supportives. The animal recovered uneventfully. A Dog with chronic intermittent
vomiting and weight loss was diagnosed as pyloric obstruction due to Leiomyosarcoma. Endos-
copy is the preferred diagnostic procedure because it finds almost all gastric tumors and other
mucosal diseases.

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 17
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

SAS - 18
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF PARA PENILE TUMOUR IN A DOG
C.Chimithi, Dr. A.Kumaresan, Dr.P.Tamilmahan, Dr.S.Senthilkumar,
Dr.J.Selvaraj, Dr.S.Merilraj
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology
Veterinary College and Research Institute,
Orathanadu, Thanjavur - 614625

A 3 year old intact male Kanni breed dog was presented to Small Animal Surgery Unit,
Veterinary Clinical Complex, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu with a
history of swelling on the left side of the penis for the past six months. Physical examination
revealed painless, hard tumour like mass on the para penile area; the mass was not attached to
the penis. Urination was normal. Haematology and serum biochemical profiles were within
normal range. Thoracic radiograph revealed no metastasis in the lungs. Surgical excision of
mass was advocated under general anaesthesia. A circular incision was made around the mass
and the mass was resected. Blood vessels were ligated and sub cutis was sutured using No.1-0
PGA suture. Skin was sutured with simple interrupted suture pattern. Histopathological result
revealed the mass was histiocytoma. Post operatively the animal was maintained under
antibiotic therapy for 7 days and regular wound dressing was done. The dog had an uneventful
recovery post-surgery.

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 18
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

SAS - 19
SURGICAL EXCISION OF OVARIAN TERATOMA IN A
LABRADOR RETRIEVER DOG

K. Rajesh kumar, Dr. A. Kumaresan, Dr. S. Senthil kumar, Dr. P. Tamilmahan,
Dr. M. Saravanan, Dr. J. Selvaraj and Dr. K. Thilagavathi
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology,
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu.

A one and half year aged Labrador Retriever female dog was presented to VCC, VCRI,
Orathanadu with an increased abdomen size, frequent vomiting, difficult to urinate for the past
two months. Clinical examination revealed palpable mass on abdomen with harder in
consistency. Radiographic examination revealed a heterogeneous opacity of abdomen with
mild calcification, liver and spleen border was not clear. Ultrasonographic examination
suggested heterogeneous hyperechoic structure with intramural cystic structure. Based on the
findings, the case was diagnosed tentatively as space occupying tumor involving abdominal
organs. Ventral midline laparotomy was performed and tumor mass was exteriorized under
General anaesthesia which was achieved with propofol and isoflurane. Routine postoperative
care resulted in uneventful recovery. Histopathology results showed proliferation of remnant of
embryonic germ cells and confirmed as Teratoma. Teratoma is a relatively rare, benign but
locally invasive neoplasia of dogs affecting young age.

Keywords : Dog, ovary, Teratoma, Surgical excision

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 19
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

SAS - 20
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF INTESTINAL FOREIGN BODY IN A PUP

R.Ruthrakumar, K.Jayakumar, M.Vijayakumar, S.Kathirvel, , S.Dharmaceelan and
S.Vigneshwaran

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology,
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal
Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University ,

Tamilnadu-637002

A 5 months old male Doberman pup weighing about 10 Kg was brought to VCC,
VCRI, Namakkal with the history of anorexia, vomition and absence of defecation for past 10
days. Clinical examination revealed that the pup was dull and depressed and emaciated.
Abdominal palpation revealed pain and a hard mass was noticed in the caudal abdomen. Survey
radiography of abdomen revealed gas filled intestinal loops. Based on the clinical and
radiographic examination, the case was tentatively diagnosed as intestinal obstruction and
surgical intervention was advocated. The pup was premedicated with Atropine sulphate (0.04
mg/kg BW s.c.,) and Diazepam (0.5mg/kg BW i.v.,). Anaesthesia induced with Ketamine
hydrochloride (5mg/kg BW i.v.,) and maintained with 2% isoflurane. Enterotomy was
performed through ventral midline celiotomy. An obstructing foreign body consisting of
corncob, human hairs and poultry feathers was removed. Enterotomy incision was closed by
simple interrupted suture with 1-0 polyglactin 910 suture material. Celiotomy incision was
closed as per the standard surgical procedure. Post operatively the pup was treated with Inj.
Amoxycillin and cloxacillin 20 mg/kg BW i.v., Inj. Tramadol 1 mg/kg BW s/c.,
Inj. Pantaprazole 1 mg/kg BW i.v., along with intra venous fluids for 3 days. Skin sutures were
removed on 7th post-operative day. The pup recovered uneventfully.

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 20
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

SAS - 21
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF GASTRIC DILATATION AND VOLVULUS IN A
CHIPPIPARAI DOG
Arunesh kumar.R , Dr.S. Kokila, Dr.D. Vishnugurubaran,
Dr.A.R.Ninu and Dr.R Ramprabhu
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tirunelveli-627358
Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University

A four years old male chippiparai dog was presented to Veterinary Clinical Complex,
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tirunelveli with a history of progressive distension
of abdomen and recumbency after adlibidum feeding the day before. On physical examination
the dog showed distended abdomen and on auscultation revealed the presence of cardiac
arrhythmia with tachycardia. All blood parameters were within the normal range. On
Radiographic examination, double bubble appearance was noticed. The case was confirmed as
gastric dilatation and volvulus and the dog was subjected to emergency celiotomy. Under
Butorphanol (0.04mg/kg) premedication and Ketamine (5mg/kg) - Diazepam (0.5mg/kg)
induction endotracheal intubation was done and anaesthesia was maintained with variable
vapour pressure setting of Isoflurane and lignocaine at 20µg/kg/hr by constant rate infusion.
Gastrotomy was performed and contents were evacuated using suction pump. Then stomach
was rotated in a counterclockwise direction to correct the volvulus. After that stomach and
spleen were repositioned, gastropexy was performed using PGA 0. Linea alba was sutured in
cross mattress pattern using polyamide 0. Skin was sutured by simple interrupted pattern using
silk. Postoperatively antibiotic and NSAID were continued for 7 days along with fluid therapy
and restricted feeding. Sutures were removed on 10thpost-operative day. The dog recovered
uneventfully.

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 21
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

Large Animal Surgery Session

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

LAS - 1

MANAGEMENT OF UDDER ABSCESS IN A COW
Devadharshini.J, Gurunathan.N, Aruljothi.N

Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education and Research
Puducherry -605 009

A five years old cross bred jersey cow was presented to the Department of Veterinary
Surgery and Radiology, TVCC, RIVER , with a history of swelling on the udder (right
forequarter) for past 45 days post-calving. Clinical examination revealed localized swelling on
the right forequarter of the udder and no pain was evinced on palpation. Ultrasonographical
examination revealed abscess of the quarter. Under aseptic condition, a stab incision was made
on the dependant part of the swelling to drain the content, 500ml of fowl smelling pus drained
from the quarter. The cavity was flushed with povidone iodine solution. Povidone iodine
impregnated gauze was placed inside the cavity. Post-operatively Inj. Fortified procaine
penicillin @ 10,000 IU/kg B.wt. I/M, Inj.Meloxicam @ 0.4mg/kg b.wt. I/M was administered.
Spray aminta (6 times daily) for external use. Inj.Streptopenicillin @ 25mg/kg b.wt. I/M for 5
days was adviced. On 10th postoperative day animal had uneventful recovery with normal
milking.

Keywords: Udder, Abscess

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 22
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

LAS - 2
SUCCESSFUL MANAGEMENT OF VENTRAL ABDOMINAL HERNIA IN A GOAT

Hemavathi. A, Gurunathan. N, Arul jothi. N, Balagopalan T.P.
Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education and Research,
Puducherry 605009.

A four months old non - descript buck weighing around 8 kg was presented to the
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, TVCC, RIVER, Puducherry with the history
of large swelling at the right ventral abdomen for past 10 days. On clinical examination, it was
found to be a reduceable swelling with a hernial ring on palpation. On ultrasonography,
revealed herniation of intestine. Anaesthesia was achieved by giving Inj. Xylazine @ 0.1mg/kg
b.wt i/v and herniorrhaphy was performed. After reducing the hernial contents, hernial ring was
closed with overlapping suture pattern using Polyamide size ‘0’ and skin was closed with
interrupted sutures using cotton thread size ‘0’. Inj. Tetanus toxoid @ 0.5 ml I/M,
Inj. Strepto-penicillin @ 25mg/kg b.wt I/M given for five days postoperatively. On 10th day
sutures were removed and the animal recovered successfully.

Keywords: Buck, ventral abdominal hernia, herniorrhaphy

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 23
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

LAS - 3

TUBE CYSTOSTOMY FOR MANAGEMENT OF OBSTRUCTIVE
UROLITHIASIS IN A GOAT

S.R. Prashanthini, Dr.P.Tamilmahan,Dr.A.Kumaresan,Dr.S.Senthilkumar and
Dr.M.Venkatesan*

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology,
*Department of Veterinary Medicine

Veterinary College and Research Institute,
Orathanadu, Thanjavur-614 625.

A six months old male goat was presented to VCC surgery unit, VCRI, Orathanadu with
the history of not taking feed, not voiding dung and urine for past 2 days. Clinical examination
revealed tensed abdomen with crouching posture and fluid thrilling. Abdominocentesis on the
left side resulted in intraperitoneal collection of about 200ml of straw colored fluid. The
biochemical examination of collected abdominal fluid showed increased creatinine levels.
Trans-abdominal ultrasonography revealed floating of abdominal organs, intact urinary bladder
and dilatedrenal pelvis. On radiographic examination, no radiopaque calculi was
observed. Based on clinical and diagnostic imaging findings, the case was tentatively diagnosed
as Uroabdomen and tube cystostomy was advocated. Pre-operative stabilization of the patient
was carried out. Animal was anaesthetized with lumbosacral spinal anaesthesia using 2%
lignocaine. Incision was made on the ventral abdomen near rudimentary teat, subcutaneous
tissue and muscles were separated. Serosal rupture of bladder was left un-sutured and Foleys
catheter was inserted into the urinary bladder. The muscles and skin were closed by following
the standard operative procedure. The tube was fixed in the abdominal wall with non
absorbable interrupted suture. The animal passed urine through the foley’s catheter. Routine
postoperative wound care and antibiotic coverage along with bolus ammonium chloride for 15
days resulted in an uneventful recovery.

Key words: Urolithiasis, Uroabdomen, Tube cystostomy, Goat 24
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology

Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

LAS - 4
UNDER ULTRASOUND GUIDED REMOVAL OF FOREIGN BODY
IN UDDER OF A COW
B.Dhanvandhini, N.Gurunathan, N.Aruljothi
Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education and Research
Puducherry-605 009.

A nine years old cross breed Jersey cow was presented to DVSR with a History of
accidental lodging of foreign body (Plastic straw) inside the teat canal of right hindquarter
while inserting it for milking. On Ultrasound examination, tubular structure was noticed in
gland cistern. Animal was sedated with Inj.Xylazine @ 0.1 mg/Kg b.wt. and local analgesia
with inj. Lignocaine hydrochloride 2% solution. Under ultrasound guidance a 1cm long
incision was made on posterior aspect of right hind quarter and a 6.5cm long plastic straw was
removed using mosquito artery forceps. Muscular and subcutaneous layers was sutured with
3-0 polyglactin 910 and skin was closed using staples. Simultaneously examined for teat
obstruction and no obstruction was noticed. Inj. streptopenicillin @ 25mg/kg b.wt. I/M
administered for 5 days and Inj.meloxicam @ 0.2 mg/kg b.wt. I/M administered for 3
post-operative days. Inj.Gentamicin 5ml with Inj. Metronidazole 10 ml infused intramammary
for 6 post-operative days. On the 14th post-operative day staples were removed. Animal had
uneventful recovered with normal milking.
Keywords: Udder, foreign body.

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 25
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

LAS - 5

EXTERNAL SKELETAL FIXATION OF HUMERUS FRACTURE
IN A BUFFALO CALF

Hitha K. Thilak , N.Gurunathan, N.Aruljothi
Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education and Research,

Puducherry-605009

A three days old Murrah cross bred buffalo calf was presented to the Department of
Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, TVCC, RIVER, Puducherry with a history of lateral
recumbency following birth after dystocia. On external palpation, crepitus was felt at the distal
end of right humerus. On radiographic examination, a complete oblique fracture of the distal
diaphysis of the humerus was confirmed. anaesthesia using Inj.Xylazine @ 0.05mg/kg B.W. I/
V and local infiltration of Inj.Lignocaine hydrochloride 2 % was done. Surgical management
by external skeletal fixation along with intra medullary pinning was done by Tie-in configura-
tion. External fixators were protected with Plaster of Paris and PVC splint cast.
Inj.Streptopenicillin @ 25mg/kg B.W. I/M for 6 days Inj.Meloxicam @ 0.4mg/kg B.W I/M for
2 days postoperatively. The bandage was removed, the bolts were tightened and the limb
rebandaged on 7th day post operation.

Key words: External skeletal fixation, intra medullary pin, humerus fracture

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 26
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

LAS - 6
FIBROMYXOMA IN NASAL CAVITY OF A CROSSBREDJERSEY COW
Roohi.M, Gurunathan.N, Aruljothi.N
Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education and Research,
Puducherry 605009

A Seven year old cross bred jersey was presented to the Department of Veterinary
Surgery and Radiology, RIVER, with the history of progressively increasing growth on the
right nostril for past 6 months. On clinical examination hard congested mass was noticed in the
nasal cavity with pus like discharge on the site of growth. No pain evinced on palpation. Under
sedation with Inj.Xylazine @ 0.1mg/kg b.wt. administered I/V and local analgesia with 2%
Lignocaine hydrochloride the mass was removed using thermocautery (90°C). Skin was
apposed using black braided silk size ‘0’ in simple interrupted suture. Systemic antibiotic
Inj.Streptopenicillin @ 25mg/kg b.wt administered I/M for 5 days post operatively. And
[email protected]/kg b.wt intramuscularly for 3 days. Topical application of Oint. Himax
and spray D’Mag post operatively. Skin sutures were removed on 10th day. On
histopathological examination of mass confirmed the case as Fibromyxoma. On 30th day
postoperatively healing was noticed at the surgical site. On 60th day postoperatively complete
healing. Cow recovered uneventfully.
Keywords: Cattle; Nasal Obstruction; Fibromyxoma; Neoplasia.

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 27
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

LAS - 7

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF VENTRAL HERNIA IN A COW
Praveen Kumar.I, Gurunathan.N, Balagopalan.T.P.
Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education and Research
Puducherry-605009

A three years old jersey cross cow was presented to the Department of Veterinary
surgery and radiology, TVCC,RIVER with a history of swelling in ventral region of abdomen
since 3 weeks. Clinical examination revealed 5 finger diameter hernial ring with soft reducible
swelling. After with holding feed and water for 24 hours. The animal was sedated with Inj.
Xylazine @ 0.1mg/kg B.W. I/V and local analgesia achieved with Inj. Lignocaine
hydrochloride 2% solution. Under aseptic condition, herniorrhaphy was performed, herniated
omentum and intestines were repositioned and the ring was closed by hernioplasty using
surgical Polypropylene mesh 7x15cm and subcutaneous suturing with No:1 Polyglycolic acid
and skin closed using cotton thread No:1 with stent. Post operatively Inj.Streptopenicillin @
25mg/kg B.wt I/M for 5 days and Inj.Meloxicam @ 0.2mg/kg B.w. I/M was administered for 2
days. On 10th day skin sutures were removed and animal recovered uneventfully. Ventral
hernia is successfully corrected by hernioplasty using surgical Polypropylene mesh.
Key words: Hernia, hernioplasty, cow

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 28
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

LAS - 8
SURGICAL CORRECTION OF TRAUMATIC HERNIA IN FULL-TERM PREGNANT

SHEEP WITH USE OF FIBERGLASS MESH
T.Rohith ruban1 and Dr.S.Suresh2

1Final BVSc&AH, Madras Veterinary College, Vepery, Chennai -07
2Veterinary Assistant Surgeon, Veterinary Dispensary, Burgur

A two-year-old full-term pregnant sheep brought to the veterinary dispensary, Burgur
with history of bulging left ventro-lateral aspect of the abdomen and owner said that it met with
an accident two months ago. While palpating the abdomen we felt the uterus with fetal mass
which came through hernial opening. The diameter of the hernial ring measured 10cm in width
and 16cm in length. Unexpectedly in its full-term pregnancy, we planned for an emergency
surgery. The animal anaesthetised with xylazine in dosage of 0.01mg then the surgical area
prepared aseptically using povidone iodine and surgical spirit continued with 2% lignocaine
infiltrated locally and pre medicated with enrofloxacin and meloxicam. After removal of foetus
by laparotomy, hernioplasty was performed using fiberglass mesh. Post-operatively the animal
was medicated orally with Tab. Enrofloxacin and meloxicam. Guided to apply ointment
povidone iodine topically for 10 days and told to visit after that for review. After 10th day of
surgery the owner brought the animal and it was seamlessly alright and surgical site was
completely healed.

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 29
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

LAS - 9
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF Coenurus gaigeri CYST IN PATTANAM SHEEEP
S. Sakemohammed1 , Dr.P.Tamilmahan2, Dr.A.Kumaresan2 ,Dr. S. Senthilkumar2 and
Dr.A.Latchumikanthan3
11V Year B.V.Sc &AH, 2Department Veterinary Surgery and Radiology,
3Department of Veterinary Parasitology,
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu -614625

A two year old pattanam sheep was presented to Veterinary Clinical Complex, surgery
unit, VCRI, orathandu with history of soft fluctuating swelling over the lateral neck region for
last one month and no pain on palpation. On clinical examination, soft uniform fluctuating, non
-inflammatory swelling was noticed and further clear watery fluid was aspirated on fine needle
aspiration technique. The cases were tentatively diagnosed as cyst. For confirmative diagnosis
animal undergone for exploratory surgery. The location of cyst was right lateral neck region.
Under local infiltration of 2% lignocaine, the swollen mass was operated and the entire fluid
containing cyst was surgically exteriorized without damaging the cyst wall. After removal of
cyst the muscles were sutured with simple continuous suture using 1-0 polyglycolic acid (PGA)
absorbable suture material and skin was sutured with simple interrupted pattern using silk
1-0.The fluid was sent for further parasitological examination and confirmed as a case of
Coenurus gaigeri. Post operatively animal was administered antibiotic, anti-inflammatory and a
combination of fenbendazole–Praziquantel. The animals were recovered completely by 12th
postoperative day without any complications.
Key words: non-cerebral coenurosis, surgery, coenurus gaigeri, cyst, sheep.

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 30
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

LAS - 10

SUCCESSFUL SURGICAL RETRIEVAL OF AN UNUSUAL
LINEAR FOREIGN BODY IN A COW

M.Marutha Muthu, S.Senthil Kumar, A.Kumaresan, P.Tamilmahan,
G.Sarath Kumar, S.Meryl Raj And G.Baby

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology,
Veterinary College and Research Institute,
Orathanadu, Thanjavur-614 625.

A 3 years old recently calved Holstein Friesian crossbred cow was presented to large
animal surgery unit of VCC, VCRI, Orathanadu with the history of gradual reduction of feed
intake for past 8 days. Clinical examination revealed reduced rumen motility. On rectal
examination less quantity of dung material and distended dorsal sac of rumen was identified.
Radiographic examination revealed clear diaphragmatic border and radiopaque linear foreign
body in the reticulum. Based on clinical and radiographic findings, the case was tentatively
diagnosed as foreign body syndrome. Hence, exploratory laparorumenotomy was advocated.
Pre-operative stabilization of the patient was carried out. Left Paraveterbral anaesthesia using
2% lignocaine was done. Surgical site aseptically prepared. Left flank rumenotomy was done
using standard surgical protocol. Ruminal contents and linear foreign body removed from the
rumen. Rumen wall was closed by Lembert followed by Cushing suture pattern using Catgut
size 2. The peritoneum and muscles were closed with simple continuous suture pattern using
Catgut size 2. Skin was closed with simple interrupted suture pattern using Silk 2. The animal
was maintained on intravenous fluids, antibiotics and analgesics for 5 days. Gradual
introduction of water and roughage was started from 2nd postoperative day. Animal made an
uneventful recovery.

Key words: laparorumenotomy, paravertebral anesthesia, radiopaque foreign body.

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 31
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

LAS - 11

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF INTUSSUSCEPTION IN A
CROSS BRED JERSEY COW

V.Sundar, A. Kumaresan, P. Tamilmahan, S. Senthilkumar,
M.Venkatesan and G.Sarathkumar

Department of veterinary surgery and radiology
Veterinary collage and research institute, Orathanadu, Thanjavur-614625
A five-year-old crossbred Jersey cow was presented to Large Animal Referral Clinic,
VCC,VCRI- Orathanadu, with the complaint of progressive inappetence, Colic, lack of
defecation for a period of week and the animal was treated by local vet with laxatives. Animal
recently fed with machine cut paddy straw. Methodology:Clinically congested CMM, severe
dehydration and scanty dung voiding noticed. Ruminal contraction was markedly reduced
(1/5min) on palpation. Occasional kicking of abdomen was observed. Thepresenceof firm mass
and malodorous scant blackish pasty dung, with evidence of pain on cranial to the pelvic cavity
on right dorsal flank was observed per-rectum. Transabdominal ultrasonography revealed “bull
eye appearance”of the intussuscepted portion of the intestine measuring 4.42 cm diameter with
distended intestinal loops (>3.61 cm diameter) along with mild peritonitis. Results: The case
was diagnosed as intussusception and Enterectomy followed by enteroanastomosis was
advocated.For that animal was surgically prepared.2% lignocaine was used for Right
paravertebral nerve block and inverted L-block and double drip-guaifenesin-50mg/
ml,Ketamine-2mg/ml administered @2ml/kg/hr intravenously. Endtoend anastomoses was
performed following resection of intussuscepted mass and post-surgical treatment with inj.
Streptopenicillin 5g IM (3 days) and inj. 5 % Dextrose normal saline and Ringer’s lactate
(totally 5 Liters BID) with supportive medication for 5 days. The animal had uneventful
recovery without any complication and appetite returned to normal. Conclusion: Aberrant
change in the feeding with newly machine harvested paddy straw could have altered intestinal
motility causing intussusception in the present case reported.
Keywords: Bull’s eye,Intussusception, Ultrasonography

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 32
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

LAS - 12
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF THIRD DEGREE PERINEAL LACERATION WITH

RECTO VAGINAL FISTULA IN A KATHIAWARI MARE
R.Ruthrakumar, M.Vijayakumar, S.Kathirvel, K.Jayakumar,

S.Dharmaceelan and S.Vigneshwaran
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology,
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal
Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University ,

Tamilnadu-637002

Unattended foaling resulting in foaling injuries like perianal lacerations was
encountered in Kathiawari mares. The perineal injury was reported to be caused by violent
expulsion efforts of mares during parturition. Seven year old female kathiawari mare was
presented to VCC, VCRI, Namakkal with wound on the perianal region. Anamnesis revealed
foaling was done by the mare two days before. Clinical examination revealed complete
laceration of perineum resulting in recto vaginal fistulation. Routine wound care and liquid
paraffin administration mixed with concentrate feed was followed for 10 days preoperatively.
Surgical reconstruction was attempted under xylazine – ketamine induction and maintenance
with isoflurane. The animal was positioned in dorsal recumbency and recto vaginal fistulation
defect was reconstructed with two layer closure employing No. 1 Polyglactin 910. Caslick’s
operation was done to correct vulval deformity and prevent pneumo vagina postoperatively.
Routine wound care, antibiotic therapy with laxative diet resulted in an uneventful recovery.

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 33
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

LAS - 13
UNILATERAL NOTOMELIA IN A CROSSBRED JERSEY CALF AND ITS
SUCCESSFUL SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
Deepika S,Vishnugurbaran D, Kokila S ,Ninu A.R,
Dharmaceelan S and Ramprabhu R
Veterinary Clinical Complex
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tirunelveli-627358
Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS)

Notomelia is one of the rare congenital malformations in calfs, characterised by
attachment of supranumerary limb at the embryological notochord region, which contributes to
the development of axial skeleton. A one year old female crossbred Jersey calf was presented to
Veterinary Clinical Complex, VCRI, Tirunelveli with the history of extra limb in the left lateral
thorax since birth. On physical examination, all the vital parameters were stable and a
supranumerary limb is noticed in the left lateral thoracic region and appears to be fully
developed. Radiographic examination revealed the attachment of supranumerary limb over 8th
to 10th thoracic vertebrae without any spinal involvement. The calf was sedated with Inj.
Xylazine @ 0.1mg/kg intramuscular and Butorphanol @0.1 mg/kg intravascular and the
surgical site was locally anesthetized by ring block using 2% Lignocaine hydrochloride. Skin
incision was made at the base of supranumerary limb and the bony attachment was cut by using
gigli wire saw. The bleeding blood vessels were ligated with catgut 0 and incised skin was
closed using silk by standard operating procedure. Postoperatively the animal was treated with
antibiotics, anti inflammatory and topical ointment for 7 days. The animal was recovered
without any complications.

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 34
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

LAS - 14
A RARE CASE OF CONGENITAL UMBILICAL CORD HERNIA
ASSOCIATED WITH PATENT URACHUS IN A CALF
Malasri.V, Dr.A. R. Ninu, Dr.S.Kokila, Dr.D.Vishnugurubaran
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tirunelveli-627358
Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University.

A 4-month-old crossbred HF female calf was presented with a swelling in the ventral
abdomen that increased progressively over the past two weeks. The owner reported normal
urination and defecation. On clinical examination revealed soft, reducible swelling with a
palpable hernial ring, there was voiding of small volume of urine through the umbilical cord.
Plain X-ray of swelling revealed soft tissue opacity. Ultrasonography revealed extension of the
vertex of the bladder which is consistent with a patent urachus, Motility of the intestinal loops
was evident. Surgery was done under general anaesthesia with xylazine @ 0.1 mg/kg body
weight and ketamine @2 mg/kg body weight. A curvilinear incision was made over the
swelling in the ventral abdomen. The intestinal loops were visible. The umbilical cord could be
palpated extending to the bladder. The umbilical cord was ligated and excised as near to the
bladder as possible. The intestinal loops were reduced into the abdominal cavity and
herniorrhaphy was performed with polyamide no:2 and reinforced with chromic catgut no:1.
The subcutaneous layer and skin was closed routinely. Antibiotics and analgesics were given
post-operatively and advised diet management. The sutures were removed on the 9th
post-operative day. The calf made an uneventful recovery.

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 35
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

LAS - 15
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF HARDWARE DISEASE IN A CALF
Harsha, K., Kokila. S., Ninu, A. R., Vishnugurubaran, D.
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tirunelveli – 627 358
Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University

A six month old female crossbred Holstein Friesian calf was presented to LAC OP
Surgery ward, Veterinary Clinical Complex, Veterinary College and Research Institute,
Tirunelveli with the anamnesis of anorexia for past seven days. Clinical examination revealed
reduced rumen motility and moderate bloat. Radiological examination revealed the presence of
potential and non potential radio-opaque foreign body in the rumen. Rumenotomy was
performed under inverted L block with 2% lignocaine. A sharp wire of 3 inches length and
several small pieces of wire and plastics were retrieved. Rumenotomy site was closed by
Cushing’s followed by Lembert’s suture pattern with chromic catgut no.2. The muscles and
skin were closed in a routine manner. Post-operative care was given with administration of
antibiotics, analgesics and fluid therapy. Sutures were removed on 10th day post-operative day.
The calf recovered uneventfully.

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 36
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

LAS - 16
SECOND INTENTION EQUINE WOUND HEALING USING CALENDULA
OFFICINALIS AND THERAPEUTIC ULTRASOUND: A CASE REPORT
Sandeep Kumar Balodiya, Ramniwas Sundariwal, Dishant Saini
Veterinary Clinical Complex
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology
College of Veterinary Sciences
Lala Laj Pat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar125004

Wounds are among the most common medical conditions affecting horses and have a
major economic impact on the horse industry. Wound healing in horses is distinct to that
documented in other species, and often results in delayed healing and extensive scarring, with
compromised functional and aesthetic outcomes. A7 year old mare was presented in veterinary
clinical complex, Hisar with a history of wound on left hind leg near hock area since one day
due to barbed wire laceration. On physical examination it was found that, it is grade 2 wound
with exfoliation of epidermis and dermis layer leads to exposure of sub- cutaneous tissue to
the external environment. Clinical investigation findings include profuse bleeding and retrac-
tion of the skin edges to opposite side due to high skin tension on medial side of limb. After
initial assessment of wound, include careful attention to its severity and anatomical location
it was decided to close the wound with help of tension free suture technique. Calendula extract
used for 15 days along with low frequency therapeutic ultrasound for 21 days on alternate
day interval leads to uneventful recovery

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 37
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625

International E– Conference on An Updates on Diagnosis and Treatment of various Surgical
Ailments for farm and pet animals -21 & 22 October 2020

LAS - 17
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF ACQUIRED VENTRAL
RUMEN FISTULA IN CROSS BRED COW
Mukesh S, Ninu, A. R., Kokila, S., Vishnugurubaran, D
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology
Veterinary college and research institute, Tirunelveli-627358
Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University

A 4 year old female HF cross bred cow was referred to Large Animal Surgery Unit of
Veterinary Clinical Complex, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tirunelveli with the
past history of an accident three months back. After two months of that accident, animal had
fluid draining from ventral abdomen. There was reduced intake for the past three days. Animal
had normal voiding habit. Clinical examination revealed draining of rumen liquor through a
ventral opening during each contraction cycle of the rumen. Examination of rumen fluid
revealed normal pH and motile protozoa(+++). The owner was advised to bring the animal off
feed for 24 hours and off water for 12 hours. Under Butorphanol- Xylazine – Ketamine general
anaesthesia, the animal was restrained in dorsal recumbency and ventral midline skin incision
was made lateral to the fistula followed by incision on Linea alba. The rumen was adhered to
the muscles and skin. Adhesions were relieved and the necrosed edges of rumen were debrided
and sutured in an inverting pattern with chromic catgut no.2. Muscles and skin were closed in a
routine manner. Post operatively antibiotics, analgesics and fluids were administered for 5
days. Sutures were removed on 9th day of post operative care. The animal recovered
uneventfully.

Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology 38
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu - 614 625