INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TVET AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 2023 ICTSDe 2023 “Sustainable TVET through Education and Practices” 2nd October 2023 Organized By:
CONTENTS CPSC Director General Preface 1 MTDA Chairman Preface 2 ICTSDe 2023 Committee 3 - 5 ICTSDe 2023 Program Tentative 6 ICTSDe 2023 Virtual Presentation Schedule 7 - 18 Compilation of Abstracts 19 - 87
1 CPSC DIRECTOR GENERAL PREFACE First and foremost, let us all express our heartfelt gratitude to the creator for His generosity and blessings on the upcoming ICTSDe 2023. On behalf of the Colombo Plan Staff College, Philippines (CPSC), I would like to thank everyone who instrumented in arranging ICTSDe 2023, particularly the CPSC team and the Malaysian Technical Doctorate Association (MTDA). ICTSDe 2023 is a collaboration between CPSC and MTDA that intends to perform exceptional research to improve education services in numerous fields of study while contributing to academic capacity development. It is my hope that the realization of the ICTSDe 2023 will benefit everyone in terms of knowledge, skills, academic and social improvement, and more for mutual gain. It is also hoped that ICTSDe 2023 would serve as a forum for discussion and sharing of knowledge, experience, and skills for students, faculty, and researchers. This type of academic engagement, I anticipate, will continue from time to time in many sectors of knowledge and abilities. Thank you. PROFESSOR G.L.D WICKRAMASINGHE Director General Colombo Plan Staff College, Philippines 2nd October 2023
2 MTDA CHAIRMAN PREFACE Praise be to Allah SWT for His graciousness and mercy in allowing this conference to take place with His full blessing. The conference brings together academicians from engineering, technology, social science, and other disciplines to interact and share their experiences and research findings, as well as to discuss practical difficulties encountered and solutions taken. We cordially invite all delegates to the INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TVET AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (ICTSDe) 2023. ICTSDe 2023 will be held online on October 2nd, 2023, with the theme “Sustainable TVET through Education and Practices”. It is a joint project of Malaysian Technical Doctorate Association (MTDA) and the Colombo Plan Staff College (CPSC), Philippines. The program includes invited sessions as well as concurrent presentations on a wide range of issues in engineering and technology, education and TVET, business and management, environmental science, tourism and hospitality, ICT and multimedia, and social sciences. It also allows all guests to connect and communicate with one another while gaining valuable knowledge and experiences from the talks. This booklet contains a compilation of all abstracts submitted by participants. The numerous paper themes given in this conference are dedicated to reflecting high-quality research outputs based on emerging conference themes that depict a new age in TVET and entrepreneurship future endeavors. The committee would like to respectfully thank all presenters and participants for their positive attitudes in presenting creative ideas in their fields of expertise. We would also like to express our gratitude to the Director General of Polytechnic and Community College Department, Ministry of Education Malaysia, as well as the Director General Colombo Plan Staff College, Philippines (CPSC) and the working committee, for their unwavering support in ensuring the success of this conference. I wish all ICTSDe 2023 delegates a successful and happy academic and social meeting, and I hope to see you all at the next event. Thank you. Ir. DR. MOHAMAD TARMIZI B ABU SEMAN Chairman, Malaysian Technical Doctorate Association 2nd October 2023
ICTSDe 2023 COMMITTEE COMMITTEE MEMBER PERSON IN CHARGE Patron Advisor Chairman – Program Director Prof. G.L.D. Wickramasinghe (CPSC) Ir. Dr. Mohamad Tarmizi b. Abu Seman (USM/MTDA) Ts. Dr. Kesavan Ulaganathen (CPSC) Assistant Director 1 Dr. Rokimah binti Mohamad (MTDA) Assistant Director 2 Dr. Parameswari A/P Shunmugam (PSA) Secretary 1 Dr. Hjh. Nor Haniza Mohamad (PIS) Secretary 2 Dr. Siti Khalijah Jamal (PSA) Treasurer Dr. Ing. Rosmawati Binti Mat Jihin (PUO/MTDA Treasurer) Finance Dr. Mazura Mansor (PSIS) Media and Publicity CPSC Website Quyrul Zeta Ishak (PNS) Conference Booklet Dr. Khairul Jannah Binti Samsudin (PSIS) Dr. Affizah Mohamad Ghaffar (PMS) Dr. Mohd Firdaus Habib Mohd (KKBM) Dr. Nurul Ihsaniah Omar (PSP) Ts. Mohd Amirul Helmi Ismail (PTSS) Online Technical Platform Ts. Ilya Binti Ismail Encik Azran Bin Zainal Abidin Puan Nor Azian Binti Ahmad Puan Nur Hadiana Binti Nasruddin Puan Marziana Binti Mahamud Encik Ilavarasan A/L Nadarajan Puan Nurul Akmar Binti Kamaruddin Puan Irma Baizuri Binti Mohd Akhir Encik Mohd Aly Rajaie Halim (PBS) Scientific and Technical Dr. Rohani Binti M. M Yusoff (PSP) Dr. Nur Adilla Binti Kasim (PMU) Dr. Faizah Shaari (MTDA) Dr. Mazlina binti Jamaludin (PSIS) Puan Isratun binti Idris (PSP) Puan Suriani binti Abdul Wahab (PSP) Puan Azizah binti Abdul Razak (PSP) Cik Danizah binti Che Din (PSP) Certificate and Award Ts. Dr. Hj. Mohd Elias Daud (PSA) Dr. May Asliza Tan Zalilah (PUO) 3
Emcee Keynote Session Dr. Hjh. Nor Haniza Mohamad (PIS) Plenary Session Coordinator Plenary Session Chair / Panel Moderator Dr. Muhamad Saufiyudin Bin Omar Dr. Massitah Binti Kipli Ir. Ts. Dr. Ahmad Azlan Bin Ab Aziz Dr. Mohd Shahrom Ismail Ts. Dr. Faizah Binti Shaari Dr. Anis Sakinah binti Zainal Abidin Dr. Suhaini Binti Mat Daud Dr. Massitah Binti Kipli Dr. Parameswari Shunmugam Dr. Prasanna Kesavan Dr. Rokimah Mohamad Ts. Dr. Maria binti Mohammad Dr. Hjh. Nor Haniza Binti Mohamad Dr. Intan Shafina Bt Suid Dr. Mohd Khairul Naim bin Sameri Dr. Nadia Hanim Binti Abd Rani Ida Rohayu Binti Mohd Romli Nor Azrin Binti Ahmad Kurnin Dr. Gunadevi K Jeevi Subramaniam Nuradilah Binti Abas Mahirah Binti Rafie Lynne Collin Muhammad Nadzrin Bin Khairuddin HJ. Mohamad Faisal Bin Ahmad Syuhairah Binti Mohd Norhisham Lee Norzakiah Binti Mohamed Bakhari Keynote Speaker Dr. Prasanna Kesavan (PIS) Dr. Faizah Shaari (MTDA) Publication Dr. Mohamad Razuan Abdul Razak (KKPS) Dr. Rohani M. M Yusoff (PSP) Dr. Mohd Faizal Jamaludin (UiTM Kedah) Reviewer Ir. Ts. Dr. Ahmad Azlan Ab Aziz UTB Dr. Mohd Zulfabli Hasan (UTM) Dr. Ling Ying Leh (PKS) Dr. Mohd Faizal Jamaludin (UiTM) Dr. Md Razak Daud (PTSB) Dr. Prasanna Kesavan (PIS) Dr. Dzulkarnain Musa (PTSS) Dr. Nor Hasni Haron (PSP) Dr. Nor Aziza Abdul Aziz (POLIMAS) Engr. Dr. Mian Khuram Ahsan (CPSC) Prof Dr. G. Kulanthavel (NITTTR Chennai,India) 4
Prof Dr. Romulita Alto (Philippines) Dr. Azrad Hussin (Pakistan) Dr. Chitrawal Ambavate (Sri Lanka) Dr. Paiboon (Thailand) Ts. Dr. Mohd Elias Daud (PSA) Dr. Parameswari Shunmugam (PSA) Dr. Annafatmawaty Ismail (PSS) Dr. Muhamad Saufiyudin Omar (PTSS) Dr. Hanini Ilyana Che Hashim (UTM) Dr. Khairunnisa A Rahman (PTSN) Dr. Gunadevi K Jeevi Subramaniam (PSAS) Ts. Dr. Maria Mohammad (PMM) Dr. May Asliza Tan Zalilah Dr. Salwa Amirah Awang (PSAS) Ts. Dr. Zunuwanas Mohamad (PSA) Dr. Mazlina Jamaludin (PSIS) Dr. Yusni Mohamad Yusak (PPD) Dr. Lewis Liew Teo Piaw (PKS) Dr. Faizah Shaari MTDA Ts. Dr. Hassan Ismail (PMM) Dr. Dyah Nurwidyaningrum (PNJ, Indonesia) Ts. Dr. Tshin Lip Vui (PTS) Dr. Yogeeswari Subramaniam (UTM) Dr. Norazwa Ahmad Zolkifli @ Uda (PNS) Dr. Affizah Mohamad Ghaffar (PMS) Datin Seri Dr. Zainah Othman (MTDA) Dr. Nurul Ajleaa Hj. Abdul Rahman (UiTM) Dr. Yusrizal Sufardi Mohd Yunan (PTSS) Dr. Khairul Jannah Binti Samsudin (PSIS) Dr. Siti Nor Fatihah binti Zakaria (PJK) 5
ICTSDe 2023 PROGRAM TENTATIVE Date: 2nd October 2023 Time Activities 8.45 am Webex Platform Opens 9.00 am Doa Recital by Dr. Mohd Khairul Naim Bin Sameri Montage Presentation 9.10 am Opening Ceremony by Emcee Welcoming Remarks by: Ir. Dr. Mohamad Tarmizi Bin Abu Seman Chairman of Malaysian Technical Doctorate Association, Malaysia. Senior Lecturer, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Penang, Malaysia. Opening Speech by: Engr. Dr. Mian Khuram Ahsan Senior Faculty Specialist Colombo Plan Staff College, Philippines. 9.20 am Keynote Session Moderator: Dr. Nor Haniza Mohamad Keynote Speaker 1 Professor G.L.D. Wickramasinghe Director General Colombo Plan Staff College, Philippines. Presentation Title: Sustainable Development in TVET Education through Innovative Practices 9.50 am Keynote Speaker 2 Professor Dr. G. Kulanthaivel Head of Centre for International Affairs National Institute of Technical Teachers Training & Research, Ministry of Education, Government of India, Chennai, India. Presentation Title: ICT-Enabled Teaching and Learning in the Industry 4.0 Era 10.20 am Keynote Speaker 3 Associate Professor Dr. Wan Mohd Yusof Rahiman Wan Abdul Aziz Senior Lecturer, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Penang, Malaysia. Presentation Title: Implications of Industry 4.0 on Skills Development 10.50 am Group photo session and entry to breakout rooms 11.00 am Commencement of plenary sessions 6
ICTSDe 2023 VIRTUAL PRESENTATION SCHEDULE TIME ROOM 1 Cluster: Build Environment, Engineering, Computing and Technology Session Chair: Ir. Ts. Dr. Ahmad Azlan Bin Ab Aziz Moderator: Dr. Mohd Khairul Naim Bin Sameri AUTHORS 11.15 am – 11.30 am Universal Model to Predict Compressive Behaviour of Confined Tin Slag Polymer Concrete Column Muhamad Soffi Manda, Mohd Ruzaimi Mat Rejab, Shukur Abu Hassan, Mat Uzir Wahit 11.30 am – 11.45 am A Review on Effects of Nanomaterial on Geotechnical Properties of Soil Panbarasi Govindasamy, Jamal M.A. Alsharef 11.45 am – 12.00 pm Sistem Pengurusan Tempahan Berasaskan Web (M-Booking) Hasniza Binti Tawyer, Hanirah Binti Mohamad, Nur Suriati Binti Mustaffa 12.15 pm – 12.30 pm Exploring Metal Casting Molds through Simulation: A Comprehensive Comparative Analysis Lester Alfred M. Olasiman 12.30 pm – 12.45 pm Investigation of Mechanical Clinching Process on Dissimilar Material Ahmad Salleh bin Buang 12.45 pm – 01.00 pm A Review of Trend Advanced Welding Process and Welding Technology in Industries Ahmad Salleh bin Buang, Mohd Sapuwan bin Abu Bakar, Muhammad Zuraidi bin Rohani 7
TIME ROOM 2 Cluster: Build Environment, Engineering, Computing and Technology Session Chair: Dr. Mohd Shahrom Ismail Moderator: Dr. Nadia Hanim Binti Abd Rani AUTHORS 11.15 am – 11.30 am Revealing the Dynamics of Leaf Springs: Case Study Failure Mechanisms and Advancing Suspension Systems in Commercial Vehicle Mohd Rosli Rasidi 11.30 am – 11.45 am Machine Learning Techniques to Detect Heart Disease: A Review Woan Wen Tan, Siti Syafinah Ahmad Hassan, Fabian Halley Pata Alban Dattu 11.45 am – 12.00 pm Static and Dynamic Analyses of Spindle Collet Made of Different Materials using Finite Element Modelling Mohd Hazri Omar, Mohd Fadzil Bin Allias, Mohd Fadzli Othman 12.15 pm – 12.30 pm GNSS-RTK Positioning Under Canopies of Trees Mohd Zahirudin Bin Mohammed Na’aim 12.30 pm – 12.45 pm Walking in Tropical Climate? A Review of Issues and Challenges Zanariah Kasim, Zarith Sofia Abu Zahri, Siti Nor Zuraini Abdullah @ Razali 12.45 pm – 01.00 pm Classroom Indoor Air Quality Monitoring in Politeknik Bagan Datuk Saw Chun Lin, Choong Chee Guan, Aravinthan A/L Yelumalai 8
TIME ROOM 3 Cluster: Sustainability and Green Technology Session Chair: Ts. Dr. Faizah Shaari Moderator: Ida Rohayu Binti Mohd Romli AUTHORS 11.15 am – 11.30 am How Does Rural Restructuring Impact Rural Development and Construction in Mountainous Areas? A Case Study of Three Typical Villages in Western Sichuan Province, China Fan Ding, Nor Zarifah Binti Maliki, Si Wei Yu 11.30 am – 11.45 am Production of Biogas and Nutrient-Rich Slurry from Food Waste Digestion in Lab-Scale Digester Azini Amiza Hashim, Siti Fatimah Sa’ad, Kartikah Sellappan 11.45 am – 12.00 pm Level of Knowledge, Awareness and Sustainable Practices among Merlimau Melaka Polytechnic Campus Residents Suryani Mat Daud, Siti Paridah Juhari, Norakmar Jamal 12.15 pm – 12.30 pm An Optimization Study by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) On Adsorption of Methylene Blue from Coating Industry Wastewater by Sugarcane Bagasse Biochar Noorul Jannah Binti Zainuddin, Muhammad Izwan Bin Norman, Chamarnaa S. Kumaravelu, Dharshini Jayaraman, Nurfarahin Syuhaidi Binti Olim Mohammad 12.30 pm – 12.45 pm Development of Smart Mushroom Cultivation for Sustainability Zikriah binti Zakaria, Azman bin Salleh, Fauzianna binti Awang 12.45 pm – 01.00 pm Green energy towards a sustainable Sri Lanka: Present status, Challenges and Future goals. Duminda Sanjaya, Bandara Ratnayake 9
TIME ROOM 4 Cluster: Sustainability and Green Technology Session Chair: Dr. Anis Sakinah Binti Zainal Abidin Moderator: Nor Azrin Binti Ahmad Kurnin AUTHORS 11.15 am – 11.30 am Grid Connected Photovoltaic System Simulation Using PVSYST in Sungai Lang Selangor, Malaysia Azrul Mahfurdz, Mohd Azim Kamalolzaman, Maszairisam Ameruddin 11.30 am – 11.45 am Studying the Conversion of Biomass Energy to Electrical Energy Mohd Khairi Bin Kamarudin 11.45 am – 12.00 pm A Performance Study and Optimization of Energy Efficiency in a Mosque: Opportunities for Conservation and Cost Reduction Syahrunizam Bin Buyamin, Nor Azura Binti Osman, Fauzi Bin Ghani 12.15 pm – 12.30 pm Earthbag Building Technology: A Potential Flood Barrier Wall Joan Wang Yee Juen, Jason William Vitales, Dalmon Peter Manganji 12.30 pm – 12.45 pm Bicycle Hub: A Green Design Plan for Parking A, Polisas, Kuantan Wan Noor Hin Binti Mior Sani, Rozalina Binti Ab Rashid, Nurul Faizatul Hanim Binti Othman 12.45 pm – 01.00 pm Architecture Students’ perspectives on the Cost Effectiveness and Sustainability of Industrial Building System for LowCost Housing Nurul Faizatul Hanim Binti Othman, Nurul Fadzleen Binti Mohamad 10
TIME ROOM 5 Cluster: Education, TVET and Social Science Session Chair: Dr. Suhaini Binti Mat Daud Moderator: Dr. Gunadevi K Jeevi Subramaniam AUTHORS 11.15 am – 11.30 am Enhancing Youth Participation in TVET Courses to Meet Labour Market Demands P. N. Gamage, H. M. A. D. K. Herath, I. Kaluarachchige, A. Hewapathirana 11.30 am – 11.45 am Outcome-Based Education Programmes Through Project-Based Learning B. L. Gupta 11.45 am – 12.00 pm The Impact of Parental Involvement on Student Enrolment in Technical and Vocational Institutions: A Systematic Literature Review Mohd Zulfakar Mohd Nawi, Muhammad Huzaifah Mohd Anuar 12.15 pm – 12.30 pm Safety Compliance Study from the Aspect of Teaching and Learning Asset Maintenance Muhammad Faez bin Abd Rahman, Muhamad Nazri bin Abu Shah, Muhammad Azri Izani bin Mohamad Halim 12.30 pm – 12.45 pm Trends, challenges, and innovations of APACC-accredited TVET institutions in Asia Pacific based on the established APACC criteria G.L.D. Wickramasinghe, Kesavan Ulaganathen, Mian Khuram Ahsan, Paulo Anthony Mendoza 12.45 pm – 01.00 pm Kajian Keberkesanan Traverse Simulator Board dan Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Wan Mohd Hakimin Bin Wan Shafie 11
TIME ROOM 6 Cluster: Education, TVET and Social Science Session Chair: Dr. Massitah Binti Kipli Moderator: Nuradilah Binti Abas AUTHORS 11.15 am – 11.30 am Evaluating User Experience (UX) on CIDOS as E-Learning Platform of Politeknik Muadzam Shah using User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ). Safiani Osman, Asyran Zarizi Abdullah 11.30 am – 11.45 am A Preliminary Study on Leveraging Utmost Social Media for Collaborative Learning. Does That Increase TVET Student Performance? Nurul Dafiqah Kamarulzaman, Rosmanizah binti Derahman, Zuliya Aini binti Ahmad Tarmizi 11.45 am – 12.00 pm The Automotive Case-Based Simulation Apps: Evidence from Curriculum KeyPlayers’ and Industries’ Nurulwahida Azid, Abdul Hamid Busthami Nur, Ruzlan Md-Ali, Zaharah Che Isa, Yee Mei Heong, Tee Tze Kiong 12.15 pm – 12.30 pm Career Interests Exploration of Quantity Surveying Students Nurulaini Hafizah Mohd Hafir, Nurul Aqilah Ibrahim 12.30 pm – 12.45 pm The Effectiveness of the Integrated Programmable Logic Controller with Human Machine Interface Trainer for the Programmable Logic Controller & Automation in Teaching and Learning Noor Ropidah Bujal, Nor Syuhada Binti Ayob, Mohd Adib bin Zakaria 12.45 pm – 01.00 pm The Impact of Housing Price Towards Family Financial Risk Among Government Employees in Sarawak Siti Zaleha binti Idris, Nurzaihan bin Ismawi 01.00 pm – 01.15 pm Exploring Latent Topics in TVET using LDA Topic Modelling Nur Hafazah Sharin, Mira Kartiwi 12
TIME ROOM 7 Cluster: Education, TVET and Social Science Session Chair: Dr. Parameswari Shunmugam Moderator: Mahirah Binti Rafie AUTHORS 11.15 am – 11.30 am Determinants of Fair Compensation for Management Interns Yenwan Chong 11.30 am – 11.45 am Facilitating Social Learning in Engineering Education at i-CATS University College: A Case Study Woan Wen Tan, Siti Syafinah Ahmad Hassan, Fabian Halley Pata Alban Dattu 11.45 am – 12.00 pm Community-based Training for Enterprise Development: A Strategic Approach for Empowering Indigenous Peoples Katrina Amore M. Vinarao 12.15 pm – 12.30 pm Development of Innovation Mobile Learning MATSCE Apps in Teaching and Learning for Materials Science and Engineering Course Ros Saidatunnaziah Md Yusoff 12.30 pm – 12.45 pm Empowering TVET Instructors: A TPACK Approach with Demographic Insights Munirah Dawi Saifuddin, Hamidah M. Yunus, Abg Abd Malik Yusuf 12.45 pm – 01.00 pm The Impact of Online Learning on Student’s Satisfaction Mohd Mohadir Harun, Hashim B. A. Rahim @ Abd Rahman, Hayati Binti Ibrahim 13
TIME ROOM 8 Cluster: Education, TVET and Social Science Session Chair: Dr. Prasanna Kesavan Moderator: Lynne Colin AUTHORS 11.15 am – 11.30 am ChatGPT: A Technological Solution or Dilemma for The Education System In 2023 Zohaib Hassan Sain 11.30 am – 11.45 am Marketability of Muadzam Shah Polytechnic (PMS) Graduates: Comparative Study of Graduates From 2020 To 2022 Diploma in Printing Media Technology, Department of Visual Communication Design Fatin Nabihah binti Saari, Nurul Fadzillah binti Abdul Wahab 11.45 am – 12.00 pm Moral Justifications for Mandating Paid Internships Yenwan Chong 12.15 pm – 12.30 pm Ergonomic Intervention Framework for Practical Work at TVET Higher Education Institutions Khairul Fahzan Salleh 12.30 pm – 12.45 pm Project-Based Learning Among Design and Technology Teacher Trainees: A Preliminary Study Aede Hatib Musta’amal, Arman Md Said, Nor Amirah Mahmud Zuhdi, Norzanah Rosmin 12.45 pm – 01.00 pm Student’s Perception Towards Services Quality of Zakat Distribution Nor Linda Binti Mokhtar 14
TIME ROOM 9 Cluster: Education, TVET and Social Science Session Chair: Dr. Rokimah Mohamad Moderator: Muhammad Nadzrin Bin Khairuddin AUTHORS 11.15 am – 11.30 am Smart System Gas Detector Mohd Khairi Bin Kamarudin 11.30 am – 11.45 am Graduates’ Assessment of Program Educational Objectives for Diploma in Information Technology (Digital Technology) Nor Hanani Mohd Yusoff, Ikmal Hisyam Mohamad Paris 11.45 am – 12.00 pm Lecturers Perceptions and Expectations towards Learning Skills and Innovations Of 4c's of 21st Century Skills Amutha A/P Gopal Villoo @ Venugopal 12.15 pm – 12.30 pm Does The Program Learning Outcome (PLO) For Diploma in Agrotechnology and Diploma in Aquaculture Have an Impact Towards Sustainable TVET Through Graduates Employability? A Case Study at Polytechnic of Sandakan Sabah Hazza Roshada Ramli, Nurul Safeza Abdul Hajis, Mohd Syafiq Masduqi, Mohd Zainudin, Imran Affandi Baki 15
TIME ROOM 10 Cluster: Education, TVET and Social Science Session Chair: Ts. Dr. Maria Binti Mohamad Moderator: Hj. Mohamad Faisal Bin Ahmad AUTHORS 11.15 am – 11.30 am Educational Organizational Management System (EOMS) Transition: Is TVET Education Ready for Change? Nur Margfirah Nordin, Nur Farahin Mispul, Nurul Zakiah Kasnun 11.30 am – 11.45 am Industry Impact Assessment Study of the Collaboration NBOS-TVET Talent Development in Digital Technology – Modular Diploma Under the 11th RMK (2016-2020) Nur Azreen Binti Hamidi, Nor Anisah Binti Mohd Saad, Hamimah Binti Hj. Salleh 16
TIME ROOM 11 Cluster: Tourism and Hospitality Session Chair: Dr. Hjh. Nor Haniza Binti Mohamad Moderator: Syuhairah Binti Mohd Norhisham Lee AUTHORS 11.15 am – 11.30 am Choose Tourism - Agricultural Products from A Sustainable Perspective in Viet Nam Đoàn Tuấn Phong, Bùi Văn Trịnh 11.30 am – 11.45 am Intention Toward Community-Based Homestay Among Young Generation Mohd Mohadir Harun, Hashim B. A. Rahim @ Abd Rahman, Rosmanizah Bt. Derahman 17
TIME ROOM 12 Cluster: Business, Entrepreneurship & Leadership Session Chair: Dr. Intan Shafina Binti Suid Moderator: Norzakiah Binti Mohamed Bakhari AUTHORS 11.15 am – 11.30 am The Influence of Social Media Marketing on Brand Loyalty Suraya Akmar Mokhtaruddin, Nor Rahimy Khalid, Mohd Rizal Mohd Azmi 11.30 am – 11.45 am Aviation Professional Industry Insights: Post COVID-19 Pandemic Business Management for Malaysian Aircraft Maintenance Repair and Overhaul Organisations Muhamad Farouk Abdul Rashid, Nurul Huda Ahmad, Syuhaida Ismail 11.45 am – 12.00 pm The Worshipful Intention of Polytechnic Students towards Islamic Entrepreneurship Mazura binti Mansor, Siti Hajar binti Arani 12.15 pm – 12.30 pm Does proactive personality explain the relationship between ethical leadership and innovative work behaviour in higher educational institutions? Yeap Sock Beei 18
COMPILATION OF ABSTRACTS CLUSTER: BUILD ENVIRONMENT, ENGINEERING, COMPUTING AND TECHNOLOGY 19
A Review on Effects of Nanomaterial on Geotechnical Properties of Soil Panbarasi Govindasamy1 , Jamal M.A. Alsharef2 1Politeknik Ungku Omar, Jalan Raja Musa Mahadi, 31400 Ipoh Perak 2Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Science & Technology, Sebha, University Libya Correspondence email: [email protected] Nanotechnology is highly applied in geotechnical area of studies to create new materials with unique properties and to produce new and improved products for numerous applications. Materials can produce unique properties different from their bulk state when being at scales of nanometer range. They interact very actively with other particles and solutions such that very minute amounts may lead to considerable effects on the physico-chemical behavior and engineering properties of soil. Previous research had proved that the presence of nanoparticles, even at a small fraction, can dramatically influence the engineering properties. The liquid limit, plastic limit, plasticity index and linear shrinkage decreased as the nanomaterial content increased. Decrement of plasticity index due to the fine particle or nanoparticle was an improved properties of soil and suitable for soil liner. Besides that, increasing the amounts of nanomaterials induced an increase in the unconfined compressive strength. The use of nanoparticles in cement stabilized soil improved the compressive strength and elasticity modulus of mixtures and can lead to decrement in cement content of stabilized soil. Thus, the addition of a small amount of nanomaterial which is not more than 1%, leads to enhancement of soil geotechnical properties by increasing the compressive strength for all tested soils. These results can help researchers further improve soil strength and other soil properties using nanomaterial. Keywords: Nanomaterial; soil; properties; plasticity; strength; geotechnical 20
Sistem Pengurusan Tempahan Berasaskan Web (M-Booking) Hasniza Binti Tawyer, Hanirah Binti Mohamad, Nur Suriati Binti Mustaffa Kolej Komuniti Kota Tinggi (KKKT) sangat menitik beratkan dalam pemantapan governan yang responsif dan mampan. Sehubungan dengan itu, matlamat utama pembangunan Sistem Pengurusan Tempahan Berasaskan Web (M-Booking) ini adalah untuk memudahkan staf pentadbiran dan pensyarah KKKT untuk membuat tempahan bilik-bilik khas iaitu bilik masakan, bilik jahitan, bilik mesyuarat dan makmal komputer yang boleh dicapai secara dalam talian pada bila-bila masa dan di mana sahaja oleh pengguna. Ini bagi melancarkan pelaksanaan aktiviti pemudahcara pengajaran dan pembelajaran (PdPc), kursus pendek atau bengkel. Sistem ini merupakan inovasi dalam memudahkan pengurusan tempahan bagi penggunaan bilik-bilik tersebut dalam menyelesaikan isu pertindihan dan pengurusan tempahan. Sistem yang efektif dan efisien ini membantu memudahkan pensyarah untuk membuat tempahan seterusnya merancang pengunaan bilik tersebut. M-Booking dibangunkan dengan mengaplikasikan metod Rapid Application Development (RAD), perisian Visual Studio Code (VSCode) dan pangkalan data MySQL. Pengguna boleh membuat semakan dan tempahan penggunaan bilik – bilik khas atau makmal komputer secara atas talian. Oleh itu, isu pertindihan penggunaan bilik-bilik tersebut dan makmal komputer tidak akan berlaku. M-Booking telah diuji lari dalam kalangan staf pentadbiran dan pensyarah KKKT dan mendapat maklum balas positif penggunaan sistem tersebut. Sistem ini mempunyai daya potensi dikembangkan penggunaannya kepada seluruh Kolej Komuniti Malaysia bagi pengurusan tempahan penggunaan bilik-bilik khas, makmal komputer dan bengkel-bengkel agar efektif dan efisien. Kata Kunci: Sistem Pengurusan Tempahan, Bilik-bilik Khas, Makmal Komputer, Kolej Komuniti 21
Investigation of Mechanical Clinching Process on Dissimilar Material Ahmad Salleh bin Buang1 1Mechanical Engineering Department, Polytechnic Banting Selangor Correspondence email: [email protected] The implementation of a novel clinching joining technology can result in decreased production costs and cycle times, while also providing potential opportunities for product design and manufacturing. This investigation aimed to experimentally and numerically examine the overlap joining process of low carbon steel and aluminum alloy using clinching process. The tensile-shear test was conducted to evaluate the strength of overlap-clinched joints in terms of their resistance to tensile-shear force. The test was additionally employed to examine how clinched joints undergo deformation and failure when subjected to tensileshear loads. The findings indicated that applying a greater press load greatly impacted the improvement of interlocking between steel-aluminum hybrid structures. The failure of clinched joints occurred due to a lack of proper interlocking and a thin thickness of the neck. Furthermore, the area of utmost significance in the clinching tool was situated at the radius corner of the punch and die. The results obtained from experimental tests and simulation methods also show a similarity that can be adopted. Keywords: Clinching process; Hybrid Structure; Interlocking 22
A Review of Trend Advanced Welding Process and Welding Technology in Industries Ahmad Salleh bin Buang1 , Mohd Sapuwan bin Abu Bakar2 , Muhammad Zuraidi bin Rohani3 1,2,3Mechanical Engineering Department, Polytechnic Banting Selangor Correspondence email: [email protected] This paper reviewed on the current trend advanced welding process and technology used nowadays in various industries. It reveals on the importance of welding, classification of welding process and also selection and application of welding process in industries. Processes of fusion welding and solid-state welding have been discussed in this paper. Conventional welding process such as gas metal arc welding (GMAW), gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), resistance welding and friction welding are briefly explained. Advanced in welding technique and trend also have been highlighted such as plasma arc welding, laser beam welding, electron beam welding and ultrasonic welding. Main objective for welding process development were determined such as need to improve the total cost effectiveness, concerning over the safety and welding environment and also potential shortage of skilled operators. Advantages and disadvantages of advanced welding also been explained through others researcher discovered in their research. Keywords: Fusion Welding, Solid-State Welding, Advanced Welding, Cost effectiveness 23
Machine Learning Techniques to Detect Heart Disease: A Review Woan Wen Tan1 , Siti Syafinah Ahmad Hassan2 , Fabian Halley Pata Alban Dattu3 1,2,3i-CATS University College, Jalan Stampin Timur, 93350 Kuching, Sarawak Correspondence email: [email protected] Ischemic heart disease is one of the most widely spread cardiovascular diseases and the leading cause of mortality in Malaysia. Myocardial infarction, also known as a heart attack, is caused by artery blockage complications. Automating heart disease screening can lead to successful treatments for preventing heart failure, especially at the early stages, as it signifies the disease has reached a threatening phase. The objective of this paper is to review the state-of-the-art machine learning techniques used for heart abnormality detection. This paper also presented a comprehensive comparison study between machine learning techniques in terms of performance, effectiveness, advantages, and drawbacks. Furthermore, challenges and potential future directions in the domain of machine learning for the detection of heart disease have also been discussed in this paper. 24
Static and Dynamic Analyses of Spindle Collet Made of Different Materials using Finite Element Modeling Mohd Hazri Omar1 , Mohd Fadzil Bin Allias2 , Mohd Fadzli Othman2 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Sultan Abdul Halim Mu’adzam Shah, 06000 Jitra, Kedah, Malaysia Purpose: In the realm of precision machining, achieving optimal performance and accuracy is paramount. The spindle collet, a critical component in various machine tools, plays a pivotal role in determining the success of machining operations. It is essential to observe changes in static and dynamic parameters to identify potential material improvements for the collet structure that could avoid structure failure due to stress and isolate natural frequency from the operational range. The previous study did not extensively examine the impact of various materials on the static and dynamic parameters of collet, particularly in relation to modal analysis. This paper aims to study the static and dynamic parameters of collet structures made from three different materials, such as alloy steel, carbon steel and stainless steel using the finite element method. Method: A three-dimensional model and computer simulation of the collet were conducted in Autodesk Inventor (AI) software. Simulations are performed using identical boundary conditions and mesh size. The average element size function controls the mesh size, which represents the average distance between mesh element nodes. In this study, the average element size remains constant at 0.05. Static structural analysis is performed with varied applied forces where total deformation and Von Mises stress are measured to identify the suitable material. For the dynamic analysis, the natural frequencies and mode shapes are measured up to the first five modes. Results: In static analysis, the total deformation and von Mises stress are proportional to the applied force. As the force increases, both parameters also increase. Stainless steel exhibits the highest total deformation, whereas alloy steel demonstrates the least deformation. The highest von Misses stress is observed in carbon steel, while alloy steel and stainless steel share the lowest von Misses stress. For modal analysis, the highest natural frequencies for the first five modes are observed in alloy steel. Overall, alloy steel showed good results with less stress and deformation, and the highest natural frequencies. Alloy steel is more effective in preventing structural failure caused by stress and isolating the natural frequency within the operational range. Conclusions: Materials with higher Young's modulus and lower density have been found to increase the natural frequencies, reducing total deformation and von Misses stress. The results provide improved insight into the appropriate materials for the collet, a crucial component of the machine tool. Alloy steel possesses advantages over the other two materials in industrial applications. The use of alloy steel in the industry offers an advantage over the other two materials. Thus, the present work discusses the static and dynamic analyses on collet for different materials. 25
GNSS-RTK Positioning Under Canopies of Trees Mohd Zahirudin Bin Mohammed Na’aim Jabatan Kejuruteraan Awam, Politeknik Kuching Sarawak Correspondence email: [email protected] Purpose: The increasing number and quality of satellite constellations (e.g., GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou, QZSS) contribute to improved global navigation and positioning services, with more options for users and enhanced accuracy and reliability. The more satellites a GNSS receivers can "see" simultaneously, the better its accuracy. While Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers have made significant strides in improving positioning accuracy, there are still challenging environments where satellite availability is limited or where signal blocking problems occur. In heavily forested areas, the limited visibility of the sky reduces the number of available satellites. Achieving high accuracy with Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) positioning under trees were challenging due to the signal obstructions and multipath interference caused by the tree canopy The dense canopy can cause signal loss or dropped RTK fixes. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the coordinates and elevation for control point under canopies of trees through the GNSS-RTK measurement method. Method: During the practical implementation of the application of GNSS-RTK surveys for obtaining observation data, seven point were observed using GNSS-RTK in this study. This site is located in the Politeknik Kuching Sarawak campus as well as its position near Gunung Serapi and adjacent to Kubah National Park. The selection of areas under canopies of trees was chosen to see the effect of the canopy on the observation data, the coordinates and elevation of a further survey of the measurement point were determined by traditional survey methods using the Total Station and Digital Levelling. The coordinates obtained Using GNSS RTK method during the experiment were compared to the coordinates determined by the traditional survey methods. Dual frequency GNSS receivers Topcon Hyper VR was used to get more accurate result. The baseline length is less than 1km. Observations made at 3 different periods, at, morning, noon and evening. Results: Analysis of the data is made by comparing the observation data on each day and also with the actual values at each observation station. It’s take longer to initialize the RTK solution compared to open areas. RTK accuracy in heavily forested areas can vary widely depending on the density of the vegetation canopy. In areas with partial tree cover or where the canopy is less dense, the accuracy is better than in locations with thicker vegetation. In this obstructed condition 20 to 30 satellite can be measured simultaneously. It can significantly improve the accuracy and robustness of GNSS-RTK positioning Conclusions: As conclusion we found improvement in positioning result of even area of very limited satellite visibilities. GNSS-RTK accuracy can vary within heavily forested areas. In locations with partial tree cover or where the canopy is less dense, the accuracy is better than in areas with thicker vegetation It is possible to determine the coordinates and elevation of points under forest conditions with the accuracy of a few centimeters. Keywords: GNSS RTK, Canopy, Control Point 26
Walking in Tropical Climate? A Review of Issues and Challenges Zanariah Kasim1 Zarith Sofia Abu Zahri1 Siti Nor Zuraini Abdullah @ Razali1 ¹Civil Engineering Department, Politeknik Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan Malaysia Correspondence email: [email protected] Walking is one of sustainable transportation. There has been a lot of research that proves the benefits of walking for body health, reducing damage to the environment, road congestion, and air pollution. However, walking in tropical climates is still lacking and faces various issues and challenges. This paper comprehensively reviews twenty research among tropical cities and campuses on the issues and challenges of implementing walking in tropical climates. Is the hot and humid tropical climate the reason for the lack of people walking? Or is it the pedestrian's physical environment that does not support walking? This comprehensive review shows how the role of the built environment affects the comfort of people's walking activities. This is achieved by identifying barriers to walking activity as well as general and specific characteristics of key physical built environment features that can help overcome these barriers and increase levels of walking activity. Finally, by intensifying the promotion of non-motorized transport, such as cycling and walking, can increase walking activities in cities or campuses in tropical climates. Keywords: Sustainable transportation; walking; active community; pedestrian environment. 27
Classroom Indoor Air Quality Monitoring in Politeknik Bagan Datuk Saw Chun Lin1 , Choong Chee Guan2 , Aravinthan A/L Yelumalai3 1,3Jabatan Kejuruteraan Maritim, Politeknik Bagan Datuk, 31650 Hutan Melintang, Perak 2Jabatan Kejuruteraan Mekanikal, Politeknik Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin, 02600 Pauh, Perlis Correspondence email: [email protected] The purpose of this study is to investigate the air quality of the classroom in Politeknik Bagan Datuk in relation to risk of covid 19 virus spreading. There are two (2) classrooms that are Bilik Studio and Bilik Kuliah 1, one (1) Makmal Komputer has been used during the investigation period of three (3) months from October until December 2022. A device is built using Arduino and sensors to measure and monitor the air quality data from 8.00 AM to 5.00PM for randomly selected three (3) days. The student’s occupation in the investigation area range from 14 students to 24 students for each class. The results show that the overall reading of the CO2 emission is in the range of 500 ppm – 800 ppm, the noise level ranged reading from 42 – 75 dB, dust particle is below 59 µg/m3 , humidity ranged from 25-62 % and the temperature of classroom is between 21-27 oC. In conclusions, the findings show that the air quality in the classrooms is in acceptable range in accordance to Malaysia Code of Practice (DOSH, 2005) to prevent the risk of covid 19 virus spreading. Keywords: Indoor Air Quality (IAQ), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Noise (dB), Temperature (oC), Particulate (μg/cm3 ), Covid 19 28
Universal Model to Predict Compressive Behavior of Confined Tin Slag Polymer Concrete Column Muhamad Soffi Manda, Mohd Ruzaimi Mat Rejab, Shukur Abu Hassan, Mat Uzir Wahit This study explores the application of analytical approach in predicting the compressive behavior of TSPC confined with FRP and metallic material based on previous studies on concrete structures. Experimental results on tensile strength of confinement materials and compressive strength of confined TSPC have been employed to obtain radial confining pressure and to validate the mathematical prediction. Tensile strength of confinement material was 196.51 MPa (GFRP), 198.25 MPa (CFRP), 199.89 MPa (BFRP), 279.43 MPa (AFRP) and 485.20 MPa (mild steel). Unconfined TSPC column has maximum compressive strength of 59.19 MPa and the strength was enhanced with the application of confinement materials. The highest compressive strength enhancement was TSPC confined mild steel (TSPC-FM) with 131.84 MPa followed by TSPC confined AFRP (TSPCAF), TSPC confined CFRP (TSPC-CF), TSPC confined GFRP (TSPC-GF) and TSPC confined BFRP (TSPC-BF) with 114.24 MPa, 108.77 MPa, 85.54 MPa and 81.52 MPa. Mathematical evaluation by Mander, Wei, Saadatmanesh, Lam & Teng and proposed model for compressive strength hasprovided different values for TSPC-GF (85.54 MPa, 89.54 MPa, 85.54 MPa, 92.29 MPa and 86.08 MPa), TSPC-CF (108.77 MPa, 120.54 MPa, 108.77 MPa, 79.42 MPa and 74.33 MPa), TSPC-BF (81.52 MPa, 89.33 MPa, 81.52 MPa, 89.29 MPa and 79.65 MPa), TSPC-AF (114.24 MPa, 120.52 MPa, 114.24 MPa, 114.24 MPa and 109.26) and TSPC-FM (131.84 MPa, 148.14 MPa, 131.84 MPa, 239.07 MPa and 131.03 MPa). Overall, the study suggested that Mander and proposed model have the capability to be adapted as universal model to represent confined TSPC column behavior under compression. The compressive behavior through stress versus strain curve as predicted by Mander and proposed models have shown closer match with experimental on all variant of test samples. Keywords: TSPC, Confinement, Compression, Analytical, Stress vs strain 29
COMPILATION OF ABSTRACTS CLUSTER: SUSTAINABILITY AND GREEN TECHNOLOGY 30
How Does Rural Restructuring Impact Rural Development and Construction in Mountainous Areas? A Case Study of Three Typical Villages in Western Sichuan Province, China. Fan Ding1 , Nor Zarifah Binti Maliki2 , Siwei Yu3 1School of Housing, Building and Planning, University Sains Malaysia, PhD candidate. 2School of Housing, Architecture, and Planning, University Sains Malaysia, Doctoral Supervisor; 3Le Shan Normal University, China, Associate Professor Correspondence email: [email protected] @usm.my; Rural restructuring is a dynamic and complicated process of geographical rearrangement, functional coordination, and self-renewal in rural regions that is influenced by a variety of circumstances. This study intends to investigate the features and driving forces of rural restructuring in several types of mountain villages in western Sichuan province, China, an area with unique natural conditions, cultural landscapes, industries, and social structures. Based on field surveys and data analysis, we chose three typical villages as case studies: Tao Yuan, a suburban mountain village with non-agricultural growth; Bai Xiang, an ethnic village with innovative business models; and Jiang Ba, a distant ethnic village with traditional agriculture. We used the landscape index technique to study the geographical features, the entropy TOPSIS approach to assessing the rural quality level, and from 2016 to 2021, the rural restructuring intensity measurement will be used to assess the restructuring intensity of each village. The findings revealed that: (1) Tao Yuan's economic, social, and spatial restructuring was accelerated by urban radiation energy and reached a stable stage of development; (2) Bai Xiang's social restructuring was guided by macro policies, but its economic and spatial restructuring was relatively slow and remained in a developing stage;(3) Jiang Ba's material space restructuring was supported by local government, but its economic and social restructuring was insignificant and remained in a developing stage. The study found that rural restructuring in mountainous areas had specific regional and staged features that were impacted by a variety of elements such as natural environment, cultural landscape, industrial structure, social organization, policy system, and so on. The study also presented some implications and recommendations for rural development and building in hilly locations. Keyword: Village restructuring; suburban mountain; ethnic village; western Sichuan 31
Production of Biogas and Nutrient-Rich Slurry from Food Waste Digestion in LabScale Digester Azini Amiza Hashim1 , Siti Fatimah Sa’ad2 , Kartikah Sellappan3 1,2,3Department of Petrochemical Engineering, Politeknik Tun Syed Nasir Syed Ismail, Pagoh Higher Education Hub, KM 1, Panchor, 84600 Pagoh, Johor Correspondence email: [email protected] In Malaysia, about 16,688 tonnes of food waste are generated daily, and nearly 80% of the generated food waste is still disposed of at the landfill despite its biodegradable characteristics. The disposal of food waste in landfills could contribute to global warming as the food waste’s decomposition produces harmful greenhouse gases, including methane, that escape directly into the atmosphere. The major factors contributing to food waste are the negligence of individuals and a lack of awareness of the impact of food waste on the environment. This study proposes an environmentally friendly approach for producing biogas and nutrient-rich slurry by utilizing three different types of food waste, including mixed food waste, fruit waste, and vegetable waste, in the lab-scale digester. Three types of food waste were mixed with cow manure and left in three separate digesters for one month. The presence of biogas was determined by observing the Bunsen burner flame at the pipe end. The physical and chemical characteristics of the slurry, such as temperature, density, turbidity, pH, total dissolved solids, and total suspended solids, were also tested. Apart from that, Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were carried out to identify the nutrient and functional group composition present in the slurry. The findings indicated that a small amount of biogas was successfully produced from the anaerobic digestion of food waste. Anaerobic digestion slurry from vegetable waste has potential as fertilizer due to its high concentrations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) at 29.045 ppm, 17.966 ppm, and 16.264 ppm, respectively. Therefore, the utilization of food waste to produce biogas and nutrient-rich slurry could act as a green alternative to reduce the environmental impact of improper food waste disposal. 32
Effect of Purification Process on The Trifecta Parameters of Aged Transformer Oil Used in Electric Locomotive Deenesh Kumar Nalathambi1,2, Nafarizal Nayan3 , Huda A.Majid1 , Khalid Hasnan4 1Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Pagoh Campus, Johor, Malaysia 2Mechanical Engineering Department, Politeknik Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia 3Faculty of Electric and Electronic, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia 4 ICOE Rail, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Pagoh Campus, Johor, Malaysia Correspondence email: [email protected] Thermal degrading and oxidation initiate premature aging of transformer oil used in traction transformers, which later will deteriorate the traits of transformer oil utilised in the electric locomotive. In this paper, the purification process using the Double-Stage Vacuum Transformer Oil Regeneration Filtration machine has been evaluated and reported. The present study intends to eliminate acids, dissolved decay contents, moisture, and colloidal impurities in aged oil and to discuss the effect of the purification process on kinematic viscosity, breakdown voltage, and thermal conductivity, which are clustered as trifecta parameters. The parameters were tested at various temperatures for both unpurified and purified oil samples which were collected from the traction transformer of an operating electric train and oil purification machine, respectively. Experimental investigations which were performed in standard laboratory conditions have shown two different yet significant results. The purification process exhibits a positive impact on the kinematic viscosity and breakdown voltage of the oil yet a contradictory behaviour towards thermal conductivity, showing a strong correlation between trifecta parameters with contaminants, especially moisture. It is inferred that an oil purification machine with a regenerative function is an effective method to treat ageing transformer oil, thus guaranteeing the health of the transformer. The purifier with its corresponding procedures is considered cost friendly because of the ability to reduce the frequency of total new oil change, prolonging the remnant life of in-service oil and diminishing negative impact on the environment. 33
An Optimization Study By Response Surface Methodology (RSM) On Adsorption of Methylene Blue From Coating Industry Wastewater by Sugarcane Bagasse Biochar Noorul Jannah Binti Zainuddin1 , Muhammad Izwan Bin Norman1 , Chamarnaa a/p S. Kumaravelu1 , Dharshini a/p Jayaraman1 , Nurfarahin Syuhaidi Binti Olim Mohammad1 1Politeknik Tun Syed Nasir Syed Ismail, Hub Pendidikan Tinggi Pagoh KM1, Jalan Panchor, Pagoh 84600 Muar Johor Correspondence email: [email protected] Purpose: This study introduces an optimization investigation utilizing Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to enhance the adsorption capacity of methylene blue (MB) from wastewater generated by the coating industry. The adsorbent of interest for this research is sugarcane bagasse biochar, recognized for its abundant availability and favorable adsorption characteristics. Method: A Box-Behnken was used to design the experimental matrix, considering factors such as initial dilution factor (3.2 - 20), temperature (25 – 40 ℃), and contact time (1 – 20 hour). Through the execution of the designed experiments, a predictive model was developed to correlate the significant factors and their interactions with MB removal. Furthermore, the physicochemical properties of the produced biochar were investigated through several characterization techniques. Results: The validation of the RSM model resulted in an enhanced removal of MB from the wastewater, and the optimization process yielded the following optimum conditions for the adsorption process: a dilution factor of 16.27, a temperature of 40℃, and a contact time of 1 hour. The physicochemical properties of the produced biochar were studied, with insights into the functional groups responsible for MB adsorption provided through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. Additionally, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was employed to examine the surface morphology and potential binding sites on the biochar, while particle size analysis assessed the difference in particle size before and after pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse. Conclusions: The results of this study contribute to the understanding of optimizing sugarcane bagasse biochar for effective removal of methylene blue from coating industry wastewater. The application of RSM allowed for the determination of optimal conditions that enhance adsorption efficiency, while the characterization techniques (FTIR, SEM, and particle size analysis) reveal the properties that guide the adsorption process. This research underscores the potential of utilizing agricultural waste-derived biochar as a sustainable and efficient adsorbent for the treatment of industrial wastewater contaminated with dye pollutants. Keywords: Response Surface Methodology, Methylene blue, activated carbon, waste management 34
Development of Smart Mushroom Cultivation for Sustainability Zikriah binti Zakaria1 , Azman bin Salleh2 , Fauzianna binti Awang3 1,2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah 3Department of Electrical Engineering, Politeknik Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Correspondence email: [email protected] The need for a range of meals rises in tandem with the growth in global population. These fundamental requirements might not be met if food sources are not expanded and improved. The use of Industrial Revolution 4.0 technology (IR 4.0) in agriculture is crucial, according to the National Agro-Food Policy 2.0 (DAN 2.0). Because of the potential for highvalue mushrooms to diversify product lines beyond food sources and into the cosmeceutical, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical industries, mushroom farming was chosen as the subject of the study. The yield and quality of mushroom production is highly dependent on environmental conditions such as humidity and temperature. The iMushRoom v2.0 project maintains the concept of Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) which can be achieved through the integration of hardware and software to automatically control the relative humidity and temperature of the mushroom house. iMushRoom v2.0 went through two trials carried out at Pekan Permai Enterprise farm. The first trial of iMushRoom v2.0 was carried out at the same place by using an evaporative cooling system in a close mushroom house. The results obtained were not encouraging because the optimum temperature and humidity were slow to be reached causing the pump and fan to constantly work and break down. To overcome this problem, second trial was developed using a more practical and an appropriate push evaporative irrigation method. The results are more conducive environment with fully automated control. In addition, the pumps and motors damage can be reduced and work more efficiently. iMushRoom v2.0 developed further when the student company collaborated with Dapur Infaq Ummah to apply this project at the Bukit Sekilau mushroom house for social entrepreneurship that focuses on the vulnerable around Jalan Wong Ah Jang, Kuantan. This is an initiative in line with the Higher Education Institution Entrepreneurship Action Plan (PTK IPT) 2021-2025, the IPT Entrepreneurship Action Plan 2021-2025 and the Social Entrepreneurship Action Plan 2030 (SEMy2030). The Pahang Chief Minister's office, MUIP, and ASPA, who also support the social entrepreneurship project fund, have also been included in the collaboration. The creation of this concept made it simpler for mushroom business owners to automatically regulate the humidity and temperature of a favorable mushroom house. Additionally, it can boost output while minimizing the impact of unfavorable environmental factors on mushroom cultivation. This can be demonstrated by an application at the mushroom farm owned by the Kuantan Utara Farmers Association and Pekan Mushroom Resources Sdn Bhd to assist them in producing mushrooms of higher quality. The completion of this project will undoubtedly benefit current business owners and inspire additional business owners to enter the mushroom farming industry. 35
Level of Knowledge, Awareness and Sustainable Practices among Merlimau Melaka Polytechnic Campus Residents Suryani Mat Daud1 , Siti Paridah Juhari2 , Norakmar Jamal³ 1 Mechanical Engineering Department, Polytechnic Merlimau Melaka, Malaysia: 2 Mechanical Engineering Department, Polytechnic Merlimau Melaka, Malaysia: 3 Mechanical Engineering Department, Polytechnic Merlimau Melaka, Malaysia: Correspondence email: [email protected] Purpose: This study was conducted to measure the level of knowledge, awareness and practice of sustainable energy among the Politeknik Merlimau Melaka regarding the issue of environmental sustainability and its implementation. Method: This study was conducted quantitatively where data was collected based on survey questions distributed to respondents. The respondents involved in this survey are students, academic staff, non-academic staff, management and cleaning at Politeknik Merlimau Melaka. Results: The results of the study show that the majority of Politeknik Merlimau Melaka has a high level of knowledge and awareness about campus sustainability practices. The results of the study also show that the majority of PMM residents implement waste management practices, electricity saving practices and good water saving practices. Conclusion: From the research findings obtained will show the level of awareness of Politeknik Merlimau residents towards the knowledge and importance of environmental sustainability which can be positively linked to the increase in the level of awareness and sustainable practices and environmental issues. In addition, awareness mediates the relationship between knowledge and sustainable energy practices that will be implemented. It is hoped that by increasing the level of awareness of this sustainability issue, it will also increase efforts in preserving and restoring the environment from further damage and can help reduce the release of carbon dioxide in the air which in turn may result in more severe climate change in the future. The importance of this study is to continue to educate and improve the level of environmental conservation in the future. 36
Grid Connected Photovoltaic System Simulation using PVSYST in Sungai Lang Selangor, Malaysia Azrul Mahfurdz1,2*, Mohd Azim Kamalolzaman1 & Maszairisam Ameruddin1 1Electrical Engineering Deopartment, Politeknik Sultan Idris Shah, Sungai Lang, 45100 Sungai Air Tawar 2Center Of Enviromental Technology (CENTA), Politeknik Sultan Idris Shah, Sungai Lang, 45100 Sungai Air Tawar This paper presents a feasibility analysis of a 252kWp grid-connected photovoltaic system. The use of energy through solar PV must use an optimal design to ensure that the energy output produced is also optimal. In this paper, 3 factors have been studied which are expected to influence the performance of the system, namely photovoltaic type, tilt angle and PV azimuth. The grid-connected solar system has been proposed to be developed on an artificial lake with an area of 10404 m2. The solar panels proposed for the installation of the system are of the Polycrystalline type. The solar system was simulated using PVSYST software considering system factors, orientation and shadow factors. Maximum irradiance and loss values were observed. Findings show that there is a difference in the solar irradiance rate on the plain collector at each angle of tilt and azimuth. The best tilt angle is 5 degrees at azimuth angle 0 degrees at a value of 1780 kWh/m2. This finding is important to provide useful information and first step towards energy saving efforts on campus. Keywords: Solar energy, Grid-connected system, Photovoltaics module (PV) 37
Studying The Conversion of Biomass Energy to Electrical Energy Mohd Khairi Bin Kamarudin Politeknik Tun Syed Nasir Syed Ismail, Kementerian Pendidikan Tinggi Malaysia Hab Pendidikan Tinggi Pagoh KM 1 Jalan Panchor, 84600 Pagoh, Johor Correspondence e-mail: [email protected] The purpose of this project is to investigate and analyze the efficient conversion of biomass energy into electrical energy. Biomass, a renewable and sustainable energy source derived from organic materials, holds immense potential for mitigating environmental concerns and meeting growing energy demands. Through a comprehensive study encompassing various biomass sources and conversion technologies, this research aims to identify optimal methods for harnessing biomass energy to generate electricity. By evaluating the technical, economic, and environmental aspects, this study seeks to provide valuable insights that can contribute to the development of cleaner and more efficient energy solutions, ultimately advancing our transition towards a greener and more sustainable future. This study investigates the conversion of biomass energy into electrical energy by utilizing palm bunches as a sustainable fuel source. Biomass energy is a promising avenue for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and addressing energy sustainability. In this research, we employ a multi-step approach to harness the energy potential of palm bunches. Initially, palm bunches are collected and subjected to an efficient pretreatment process to enhance their energy content. Our study evaluates the efficiency, environmental impact, and economic viability of this biomass-to-electricity conversion method, aiming to provide valuable insights into the feasibility of palm bunches as a renewable energy source in the context of sustainable power generation and environmental stewardship. This study investigates the efficacy of utilizing palm bunches as a sustainable fuel source for generating electrical energy through biomass conversion. Through comprehensive experimentation and analysis, our research demonstrates the potential of palm bunches to efficiently produce electricity, highlighting their viability as a renewable and environmentally friendly energy solution. In conclusion, utilizing palm bunches as a sustainable biomass energy source for electricity generation proves promising. This eco-friendly method harnesses organic waste to produce clean and renewable electrical energy, contributing to a greener and more sustainable future. 38
A Performance Study and Optimization of Energy Efficiency in a Mosque: Opportunities for Conservation and Cost Reduction Syahrunizam Bin Buyamin1 , Nor Azura Binti Osman2 & Fauzi Bin Ghani3 1Electrical Engineering Department, Politeknik Kota Kinabalu, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah 2Electrical Engineering Department, Politeknik Kota Kinabalu, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah 3Electrical Engineering Department, Politeknik Sultan Azlan Shah, Behrang, Perak The mosque, serving as a sacred sanctuary for Muslim worship, carries immense importance by offering a space for prayers, religious congregations, and community interactions. Acknowledging the significance of these places of worship, the Green House of Worship (GHW) program has been established to foster sustainability within places of worship. As part of this initiative, one mosque in Pahang, Malaysia has been selected as a pilot project to implement green practices, with a particular focus on energy conservation and efficiency. This research aims to provide insights into the electricity usage performance of the mosque involved in the research. By conducting an energy audit, the mosque's energy management practices can be strengthened, identifying opportunities for improving energy efficiency and reducing consumption. The energy audit serves as a vital step in fostering a culture of energy sustainability within the mosque. The selected mosque can serve as a model for other mosques and institutions, showcasing the importance of sustainable practices. By prioritizing energy conservation and efficiency, the mosque can inspire positive change and encourage wider adoption of green practices within the community. The research findings establish the benchmark year for the mosque as 2019 and highlights four proposed energy-related measures, including energy conservation and savings. These measures have the potential to save an estimated 66,650.00 kW-hours of energy per year, equivalent to RM20,947.00 in annual savings. The required investment for implementing these measures is RM214,000.00, with a projected payback period of approximately 10.2 years. Furthermore, these measures indirectly contribute to a reduction in CO2 emissions, estimated at 39.6 tons per year. In conclusion, the selection of a pilot mosque in Pahang for implementing green practices and providing guidance on energy conservation and efficiency is a commendable initiative. By conducting an energy audit and implementing energy-related measures, the mosque can lead by example, promoting sustainable energy use and inspiring others to follow suit. This contributes to a greener and more energy-efficient future, benefiting both the environment and the local community. Keywords: green house of worship, energy audit 39
Earthbag Building Technology: A Potential Flood Barrier Wall Joan Wang Yee Juen1,* , Jason William Vitales2 , Dalmon Peter Manganji3 1,2Jabatan Kejuruteraan Awam, Politeknik Kota Kinabalu, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia Flooding causes mental stress and disrupts the continuity of life for affected victims. Despite suffering massive losses from flash floods, a viable solution to mitigate the menace of floods remains elusive. This study aims to examine the potential of Earthbag technology as an alternative solution to prevent heavy rainwater from entering the house by building an Earthbag Flood Barrier Wall. The objectives of this study are: (1) to prepare small and standard-size earthbag samples, (2) to obtain the lateral force and coefficient of static friction of the earthbags, and (3) to compare the result of lateral force and coefficient of static friction test for each sample. The research discussed Case 1 - Earthbag without foundation and Case 2 - Earthbag with foundation. Each case discussed further two types of bag size and binder: Sample 1 - Small size bag (460 mm x 600 mm) and Sample 2 - Standard size bag (460 mm x 750 mm), and Binder 1 - Velcro Strap and Binder 2 - Barbed Wire. Researchers have carried out Lateral Test and Tilting Test for comparison. The findings show that a sample of a Standard size earthbag with foundation and using a Velcro Strap binder (BVF) has the lowest ratio of Change in Distance per Keywords: Earthbag, flood barrier 40
Bicycle Hub: A Green Design Plan For Parking A, POLISAS, Kuantan Wan Noor Hin Binti Mior Sani1*, Rozalina Binti Ab Rashid1 & Nurul Faizatul Hanim Binti Othman1 ¹Civil Engineering Department, Politeknik Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah, Kuantan, Pahang Correspondence email: [email protected] This paper presents the findings of the green design plan of the bicycle hub at Parking A, POLISAS, and the level of awareness of green transportation from the staff of POLISAS. The introduction to green transportation in POLISAS is still not exposed and there is no bicycle hub anywhere in this area. Sustainable transportation is very important nowadays to reduce gas emissions surrounding the POLISAS campus area. A green design plan with a bicycle hub has been designed using AutoCAD and 3D Sketchup. 30 respondents had been chosen and presented the proposed design with a structured interview survey. The analysis showed that 71% of respondents are ready to support green transport in the POLISAS area and 88% agreed with the design plan for the bicycle hub with upgrading the security and safety aspects. An implementation of green transportation can be performed in the POLISAS area. Keywords: bicycle hub, green transportation, reducing emissions 41
Architecture Students’ Perspective on the Cost Effectiveness and Sustainability of Industrial Building System for Low-Cost Housing Nurul Faizatul Hanim Binti Othman1 * , Nurul Fadzleen Binti Mohamad1 ¹Civil Engineering Department, Politeknik Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah, Kuantan, Pahang Correspondence email: [email protected] The increasing demand for low-cost housing in Malaysia has led to a need for affordable and sustainable construction methods. The Industrialized Building System (IBS) is an innovative construction method that is known to reduce both construction time and cost while promoting sustainability. This study aims to evaluate the cost effectiveness and sustainability of using IBS for low-cost housing among architecture students’ perspective. Data was collected through questionnaire and interviews among Diploma in architecture students who had taken DCA 20102, Building Technology.The results indicate 95% of the respondents found that IBS construction methods result in significant cost savings as compared to traditional construction methods due to reduced labour costs, construction time, and wastage. Furthermore, IBS construction promotes sustainability through its efficient use of materials, reduction in site waste and pollution, and minimization of noise pollution. However, issues such as limited design options, lack of skilled local labour, and procurement challenges still exist. The findings suggest that IBS construction methods offer an effective solution for low-cost housing and should be considered by policymakers and developers for future housing projects. Keywords: Industrialized Building System (IBS), sustainability, cost effectiveness, low-cost housing 42
Green Energy Towards A Sustainable Sri Lanka: Present status, Challenges and Future Goals Duminda Sanjaya, Bandara Ratnayake Present energy consumption in Sri Lanka is based on the fossil energy sources and, statistical data of Sri Lanka Sustainable Energy Authority prove that the usage of fossil based energy in the country is prioritized. Coal, petroleum, natural gas, etc. have the significant usage as the present energy types and make more impact on the environment. Therefore, transition through green energy from fossil based energy is important. Methodology of this paper is qualitative and based on data collected form the literature survey. The concept called green energy has come to the stage since last three decades and popularized as a strategic sustainable energy formation process throughout the world. Green energy with cleaner source which generates lower environmental impact that in relation to conventional energy technology. Non-renewable and harmfulness nature of fossil energy for the environment can be overcome by the green energy approaches by prioritizing the sustainable energy programmes. Under Sri Lankan Conditions, awareness on the green energy has been increased with the time. Sustainable energy management is a key issue in most Sri Lankan companies and Long-term strategic thinkers and energy entrepreneurs should help them with their in-depth knowledge on energy management. It directs to make the best decision for implementing of the renewable energy as a local sustainability approach. Environmental, social and economic are the major areas of the country which are challenged when implementing the green energy approaches. Financial shortages, Lack of information on awareness regarding the green energy and Sociocultural obstacles are the major challenges behind the process. Increasing the adequate supply of green energy, policy implementation, gaining the financial support of the relevant authorities, Exploration of the new sources of green energy, Launching of the joint market strategies and Global collaboration of Sri Lanka with other countries are the future goals behind the green energy transition of the country. Key Words: Sustainable, Green Energy, Sri Lanka 43
COMPILATION OF ABSTRACTS CLUSTER: EDUCATION, TVET AND SOCIAL SCIENCE 44
The Impact of Online Learning on Student’s Satisfaction Mohd Mohadir Harun1 , Hashim B. A. Rahim @ Abd Rahman2 and Dr Hayati Binti Ibrahim3 2,1 Politeknik Sultan Idris Shah Sungai Lang, 45100 Sungai Ayer Tawar, Selangor 3 Kolej Komuniti Mas Gading Lot 742-750, Of Parent Lot 726, Bau Town District 94000 Bau Sarawak Correspondence email: [email protected] Purpose: Online learning has transformed education by providing students with access to knowledge and experiences outside the classroom. Nevertheless, the difficulty of controlling self-learning online has caused a problem of student learning satisfaction which ultimately leads to attendance problems. Therefore, this study was conducted to test the effects of instructor quality, course design, and student expectations on student satisfaction in online learning. Method: The study sample was obtained using the purposive sampling method, and the questionnaire was made using Google Forms. Then, the questionnaire was distributed to the target group using online platforms such as WhatsApp and Telegram groups. Data from 121 students enrolled in the Tourism Management Diploma at the Polytechnic Malaysia were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 27.0. Data were analyzed using regression tests to examine the findings of the study. Result: The study's results indicate that all the hypotheses proposed in this study have been supported. It found that instructor quality, course design, and student expectations have a significant effect on student satisfaction in online learning. This study highlights the interconnectedness between instructor qualities, course design and student expectations in shaping learner satisfaction in the online learning landscape. It also gives valuable insights for students, educators and institutions seeking to improve the overall online learning experience. This study also illuminates the intricate web of factors that collectively contribute to student's satisfaction with their academic courses. Conclusions: The significant and positive impact of instructor quality, course design, and student expectations highlights their crucial roles in shaping the educational experience. By recognizing and harnessing the power of these variables, educational institutions can better align their strategies to enhance student satisfaction and, consequently, foster more effective and fulfilling learning journeys. As the educational landscape continues to evolve, ongoing research in this area will be instrumental in driving continuous improvement and innovation. In the future, this study also suggests that researchers can explore the interaction between these identified factors by using other variables, such as demographic factors, cultural background, and learning preferences can also affect student satisfaction in online learning. Keywords: Online learning, Student Satisfaction 45
Chat GPT: A Technological Solution or Dilemma for The Education System in 2023 Zohaib Hassan Sain Superior University, Faculty of Business & Management Sciences, Pakistan Correspondence email: [email protected] ORCID: 0000-0001-6567-5963, +923029802125 Chat-GPT, an AI chatbot, is revolutionizing the way we interact with technology. Its ability to hold human-like conversations, generate essays, and perform other tasks has raised questions about its impact on education. Some educators believe that Chat-GPT could be a valuable addition to the classroom, providing students with personalized tutoring and assistance with their assignments. Others are concerned that Chat-GPT could be used to cheat or plagiarize, and that it could lead to a decline in critical thinking skills. Early evaluations suggest that Chat-GPT can outperform many students when given English assignments. The bot is also capable of generating high-quality content, such as cover letters and literary summaries. However, it is important to note that Chat-GPT is still under development, and its capabilities are constantly evolving. The integration of AI into education is a rapidly evolving field, and it is important for educators to stay up-to-date on the latest developments. This paper explores the potential impact of Chat-GPT on education, and it recommends that educators use the tool responsibly. Overall, the impact of Chat-GPT on education is still unknown. However, it is clear that this technology has the potential to both benefit and harm students. It is important for educators to use Chat-GPT responsibly and to be aware of the potential risks. Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Chat-GPT, OpenAI. 46