2024 Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of HealthMalaysiaPerpustakaan Negara Malaysia Cataloguing-in-PublicationDataNational Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2023 (NMRR-22-00545-XAC)Non-Communicable Diseases and Healthcare Demand : Key FindingsMOH/S/IKU/221.24(IL)-eDisclaimer:The views expressed in this infographic booklet are those of the authors alone and donot necessarily represent the opinions of the other investigators participating in thesurvey, nor the view or policy of the Ministry of Health Malaysia.Suggested citation:Institute for Public Health 2024. National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2023:Non-communicable Diseases and Healthcare Demand - Key FindingsPublished, printed and distributed by:Institute for Public HealthNational Institutes of Health (NIH)Ministry of Health MalaysiaNo.1, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52Seksyen U13 Setia Alam40170 Shah Alam, SelangorTel: +603-3362 7800Email : [email protected] : www.iku.gov.my/nhmsUse and dissemination of this document is encouraged. However, reproduced copiesmay not be used for commercial purposes. Download the full report athttps://iku.gov.my/nhms-2023The authors wish to thank the Director General of Health Malaysia for permission topublish this document.Graphic DesignerDr LeeAnn TanMedical Officer,Institute for Public HealthNaziran HasniPublic Relations Officer, Institute for Public HealthNorhaslida RazaliResearch Officer, Institute for Public HealthISBN 978-967-5340-91-8
List of infographics01 National Health & Morbidity Survey (NHMS)202302 Survey sample and process (NCD)Sarah Nurain Mohd Noh, Iqbal Ab Rahim, Suhana Jawahir, Adilius Manual, Awatef Amer Nordin, JabrullahAb Hamid03 Survey sample and process (HCD)04 The three plus oneDiabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol PLUS obesityHalizah Mat Rifin, Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff, Norhaslida RazaliHalizah Mat Rifin, Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff, Norhaslida RazaliHalizah Mat Rifin, Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff, Wan Kim Sui, Norhaslida Razali05 Decoding diabetesWan Kim Sui, Halizah Mat Rifin, Hamizatul Akmal Abd Hamid, Hasimah Ismail, Kishwen Kanna Yoga Ratnam,Tania Gayle Robert Lourdes, Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff, Nurul Huda Ibrahim, Thamil ArasuSaminathan, Chan Yee Mang, Sivarajan Ramasamy, Wong Ping Foo, Rima Marhayu Abdul Rashid, NoorHaslinda Ismail, Muhammad Fikri Azmi, Norlen Mohamed, Masni Mohammad, Zanariah Hussein, FeisulIdzwan Mustapha06 Hypertension: What's the hype?Kishwen Kanna Yoga Ratnam, Hamizatul Akmal Abd Hamid, Wan Kim Sui, Tania Gayle Robert Lourdes,Halizah Mat Rifin, Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff, Feisul Idzwan Mustapha, Sivarajan Ramasamy, RimaMarhayu Abdul Rashid, Noor Haslinda Ismail, Masni Mohammad, Zanariah Hussein, Wong Ping Foo, Yap YokChin, Muhammad Fikri Azmi, Norlen Mohamed, Nurain Mohd Noor07 Know your fats!Tania Gayle Robert Lourdes, Nur Liana Ab Majid, Kishwen Kanna Yoga Ratnam, Wan Kim Sui, Halizah MatRifin, Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff, Feisul Idzwan Mustapha, Sivarajan Ramasamy, Zanariah Hussein,Nurain Mohd Noor, Masni Mohammad, Wong Ping Foo, Norlen Mohamed, Muhammad Fikri Azmi08 We are getting fatter!Khairul Hasnan Amali, Lai Wai Kent, Nor Azian Mohd Zaki, Lalitha Palaniveloo, Azli Baharudin, SyafinazSallehuddin.09 Are you active enough?Lim Kuang Kuay, Hamizatul Akmal Abd Hamid, Mohd Azmi Suliman, Thamil Arasu Saminathan, Liew SiawHun, Vanitha Subramaniam, Affendi Isa, Nur Hidayatun Fadillah Mohd Nor, Mohd Azahadi Omar, MazniedaMahjom
10 Are you sleeping enough?Wan Kim Sui, Halizah Mat Rifin, Hamizatul Akmal Abd Hamid, Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff, SivarajanRamasamy, Rima Marhayu Abdul Rashid, Noor Haslinda Ismail, Muhammad Fikri Azmi, Norlen Mohamed,Wong Ping Foo, Masni Mohammad, Zanariah Hussein, Feisul Idzwan Mustapha11 Mission impossible?Mohd Ruhaizie Riyadzi, Mohd Hazrin Hasim @ Hashim, Zulkarnain Ramli, Tuan Mohd Amin Tuan Lah,Thamil Arasu Saminathan, Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff, Norliana Ismail, Mohd Hairul Nizam Abd Hamid,Ummi Nadiah Yusoff, Nizam Baharom, Noraryana Hassan12 Get your health screened!Thamil Arasu Saminathan, Khaw Wan-Fei, Hamizatul Akmal Abd Hamid, Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff,Filza Noor Asari, Halizah Mat Rifin, Tania Gayle Robert Lourdes, Hasimah Ismail, Kishwen Kanna YogaRatnam, Mohd Ruhaizie Riyadzi, Kim Sui Wan, Nur Liana Ab Majid, Nazirah Alias, Zakiah Mohd Said,Muhammad Fikri Azmi, Norlen Mohamed, Feisul Idzwan Mustapha13 Off the mark: fruit, vegetables and plain water intakeMohd Hatta Abdul Mutalip, Fazila Haryati Ahmad, Mohd Firdaus Razali, Ahmad Mohiddin Negsom, MohdAmierul Fikri Mahmud, Tania Gayles Robert Lourdes, Rusdi Ramly, Farahana Mohamad Pilus, NurhalizaZakariah, Noraryana Hassan14 Think before you drink15 Trapped in the shadowsSulhariza Husni Zain, Ahmad Ali Zainuddin, Nurzaime Zulaily, Kimberly Wong Yuin Y’ng, Murnizar Mokhtar,Noor Ul-Aziha Muhammad, Teh Wai SiewMohamad Aznuddin Abd Razak, S Maria Awaluddin, Lai Wai Kent, Wan Sarifah Ainin Wan Jusoh, NorlailaHamid, Sherina Mohd Sidik, Ruzita Jamaluddin, Nurashikin Ibrahim, Nur Sakinah Ahmad, Zainab HajiTamboi, Noor Ani Ahmad16 A child's minds mattersNorhafizah Sahril, Eida Nurhadzira Muhammad, Muhammad Azri Adam Adnan, Liew Siaw Hun, MuhamadKhairul Nazrin Khalil, Maznieda Mahjom, Nurashikin Ibrahim, Nazariah Aiza Harun, Nur Sakinah Ahmad, MiraAdriana Yahya, Zainab Tambol, Ruzita Jamaludin , Sherina Mohd Sidek, Noor Ani Ahmad17 Diverse challengesSiti Hafizah Zulkiply, Muhammad Solihin Rezali, Mohamad Aznuddin Abd Razak, Nor’Ain Ab Wahab, NorlizaShamsudin, Norzawati Yeop, Noor Ani Ahmad, L Mageswary Lapchmanan, Duratul Ain Hussin, YusnizaMohd Yusof, Salimah Hj Othman, Siti Hamiza Abdul Halim18 Asthma in children and adultsAsthma in adults: Shubash Shander Ganapathy, Mat Zuki Mat Jaeb, Irfhan Ali Hyder Ali, Wong Ping Foo,Nor Azilah Abu Bakar, Wan Kim Sui, Chong Zhuo Lin, Tan Lee Ann, Nur Faraeein Zainal Abidin, NurulHaniyah Rosslan, Muhammad Hanafi BakriAsthma in children: Nur Hamizah Nasaruddin, Noor Aliza Lodz, Chong Zhuo Lin, Muhammad Faiz MohdHisham, Faizul Akmal Abdul Rahim, Noor Syaqilah Shawaluddin, Tham Sin Wan, Mariana Daud, JafanitaJamaludin, Noor Azlina Mustafa
19 Health in generalTay Yea Lu, Khalidah Maruan, Wan Ermiyati Wan Mohamad, Nurul Iman Jamalul-lail, Kartiekasari SyahiddaMohammad Zubairi, Inin Roslyza Rusli, Adilius Manual, Ang Zen Yang, Awatef Amer Nordin, Devi ShantiniRata Mohan, Farhana Aminuddin, Iqbal Ab Rahim, Jabrullah Ab Hamid, Kalvina Chelladorai, MarhainiMostapha, Mohd Shahri Bahari, Noor Hasidah Ab Rahman, Nur Azmiah Zainuddin, Nur Elina Abdul Mutalib,Nur Hidayati Abdul Halim, Sarah Nurain Mohd Noh, Suhana Jawahir, Tan Yui Ping20 Outpatient healthcare utilisationMarhaini Mostapha, Devi Shantini Rata Mohan, Farhana Aminuddin, Kartiekasari Syahidda MohammadZubairi, Nurul Iman Jamalul-lail, Inin Roslyza Rusli, Adilius Manual, Ang Zen Yang, Awatef Amer Nordin,Inin Roslyza Rusli, Iqbal Ab Rahim, Jabrullah Ab Hamid, Kalvina Chelladorai, Khalidah Maruan, Mohd ShahriBahari, Noor Hasidah Ab Rahman, Nur Azmiah Zainuddin, Nur Elina Abdul Mutalib, Nur Hidayati AbdulHalim, Sarah Nurain Mohd Noh, Suhana Jawahir, Tan Yui Ping, Tay Yea Lu, Wan Ermiyati Wan Mohamad21 Hospital admissionsNoor Hasidah Ab Rahman, Mohd Shahri Bahari, Tan Yui Ping, Adilius Manual, Ang Zen Yang, Awatef AmerNordin, Devi Shantini Rata Mohan, Farhana Aminuddin, Inin Roslyza Rusli, Iqbal Ab Rahim, Jabrullah AbHamid, Kalvina Chelladorai, Kartiekasari Syahidda Mohammad Zubairi, , Khalidah Maruan, MarhainiMostapha, Nur Azmiah Zainuddin, Nur Elina Abdul Mutalib, Nur Hidayati Abdul Halim, Nurul Iman Jamalullail, Sarah Nurain Mohd Noh, Suhana Jawahir, Tay Yea Lu, Wan Ermiyati Wan Mohamad22 Dental visitNur Elina Abdul Mutalib, Nur Azmiah Zainuddin, Kalvina Chelladorai, Nurulasmak Mohamed, Adilius Manual,Ang Zen Yang, Awatef Amer Nordin, Devi Shantini Rata Mohan, Farhana Aminuddin, Inin Roslyza Rusli,Iqbal Ab Rahim, Jabrullah Ab Hamid, Kartiekasari Syahidda Mohammad Zubairi, Khalidah Maruan, MarhainiMostapha, Mohd Shahri Bahari, Noor Hasidah Ab Rahman, Nur Hidayati Abdul Halim, Nurul Iman Jamalullail, Sarah Nurain Mohd Noh, Suhana Jawahir, Tan Yui Ping, Tay Yea Lu, Wan Ermiyati Wan Mohamad23 Medical check-upNur Hidayati Abdul Halim, Ang Zen Yang, Adilius Manual, Awatef Amer Nordin, Devi Shantini Rata Mohan,Farhana Aminuddin, Inin Roslyza Rusli, Iqbal Ab Rahim, Jabrullah Ab Hamid, Kalvina Chelladorai,Kartiekasari Syahidda Mohammad Zubairi, , Khalidah Maruan, Marhaini Mostapha, Mohd Shahri Bahari,Noor Hasidah Ab Rahman, Nurulasmak Mohamed, Nur Azmiah Zainuddin, Nur Elina Abdul Mutalib, NurulIman Jamalul-lail, Sarah Nurain Mohd Noh, Suhana Jawahir, Tan Yui Ping, Tay Yea Lu, Wan Ermiyati WanMohamad24 Health at your fingertipsAng Zen Yang, Nur Hidayati Abdul Halim,Adilius Manual, Awatef Amer Nordin, Devi Shantini Rata Mohan,Farhana Aminuddin, Inin Roslyza Rusli, Iqbal Ab Rahim, Jabrullah Ab Hamid, Kalvina Chelladorai,Kartiekasari Syahidda Mohammad Zubairi, Khalidah Maruan, Marhaini Mostapha, Mohd Shahri Bahari, NoorHasidah Ab Rahman, Nurulasmak Mohamed, Nur Azmiah Zainuddin, Nur Elina Abdul Mutalib, Nurul ImanJamalul-lail, Sarah Nurain Mohd Noh, Suhana Jawahir, Tan Yui Ping, Tay Yea Lu, Wan Ermiyati WanMohamad25 Metabolic syndromeWan Kim Sui, Halizah Mat Rifin, Kishwen Kanna Yoga Ratnam, Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff, ShubashShander Ganapathy, Norafiqah Shahirah Ayob, Nur Rabia'tula Dawiyah Rahim, Noor Ani Ahmad26 What is MAFLD?Wan Kim Sui, Halizah Mat Rifin, Kishwen Kanna Yoga Ratnam, Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff, ShubashShander Ganapathy, Norafiqah Shahirah Ayob, Nur Rabia'tula Dawiyah Rahim, Noor Ani Ahmad
National Health & MorbiditySurvey (NHMS) 2023Key findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2023 Read the full report at iku.nih.gov.my/nhmsmarks the 7th cycle of the NHMS:Non-Communicable Diseases andHealthcare Demand. The aim is to gathercommunity-based data and evidence onnon-communicable diseases, their riskfactors, and healthcare demand.NHMS 2023NHMS BOOKCOVER HERE2019The NHMS has been conductedevery year, in 4 yearly cycles since2011The first year of each 4 year cyclefocuses on non-communicablediseases (NCDs), their risk factors,healthcare demand and other topicsas requested by the stakeholdersThe NHMS was first conducted in198619861996200620112015About the survey:2023marks a newcycle for theNHMS01The technical report, whichcontains the detailed findings,complete description of thesurvey's methodology, and fullquestionnaires is available on theofficial website:iku.nih.gov.my/nhmsTopics CoveredNCDs- Diabetes, hypertension &hypercholesterolaemiaOverweight & obesity, abdominal obesityPhysical activityInsufficient sleepHealth screeningDietary practicesAlcohol consumptionMental health (adult & children)Asthma (adult & children)DisabilityHealthcare demandSmoking & tobacco use
Survey sample and processKey findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2023 Read the full report at iku.nih.gov.my/nhmsMethods used for data collection:Face-to-faceinterviewsSelfadministeredquestionnairesAnthropometrymeasurementField datacollection11 July - 29 Sept2023Study Sample13,616respondentsOverall responserate83.2%Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs)Clinical assessmentMethodology & Sampling DesignTarget PopulationIndividuals residing inthe Living Quarters(LQ) for at least 2weeks prior to datacollection.*Living Quarters5006 successfullyvisitedStudy DesignCross-sectionalsurveySampling DesignLiving Quarters wererandomly selectedusing a samplingframe from theDepartment ofStatistics Malaysia(DOSM)02*Institutional populations (e.g. old folk homes, hotels, hostels, hospitals) were not included in this survey.
Key findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2023 Read the full report at iku.nih.gov.my/nhmsDatacollection21July - 14 Oct2023Study Sample9,177respondentsOverallresponse rate26.5%Healthcare Demand (HCD)Methodology & Sampling DesignTarget PopulationIndividuals residingin the LivingQuarters (LQ) for atleast 2 weeks priorto data collection.*Living Quarters2,579 successfullyvisitedStudy DesignCross-sectionalsurveySampling DesignLiving Quarters wererandomly selectedusing a samplingframe from theDepartment ofStatistics Malaysia(DOSM)Methods used for data collection:Computer-AssistedTelephone Interview(CATI)*Institutional populations (e.g. old folk homes, hotels, hostels, hospitals) were not included in this survey.03Survey sample and process
Non-CommunicableDiseasesNationalHealthandMorbiditySurvey(NHMS)2023
The three plus oneKey findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2023 Read the full report at iku.nih.gov.my/nhmsDiabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol PLUS obesityor 2.5% of adults inMalaysia live withfour non-communicablediseases (NCDs)Almost 2.3 million adults in Malaysia live with three NCDsDiabetes Hypertension Highcholesterol Obesity04Diabetes+Hypertension+High cholesterolDiabetes+Hypertension+ObesityDiabetes+High cholesterol+ObesityHypertension+High cholesterol+ObesityHeart disease StrokeThey are major risk factors for:5.1%1.2%0.4%2.9%Over halfa million
Key findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2023 Read the full report at iku.nih.gov.my/nhmsDecoding diabetes15.6%or 1 in 6adults inMalaysiahavediabetes2 in 5adults with *diabetes do notknow that they have diabetesKnowDo not know18-2930-3940-4950-59≥6002040Age groupDiabetes is one of the top causes of death in Malaysia!of adults aged18 – 29 yearswith diabetesdo not knowYoung adults are affected as well84%Diabetes increases with age, yet many do not even know they have itthey havediabetesAmong adults who know they have diabetesPrevalence%have a glucometer at home2 in 5do not havegood blood 56% sugar control05*detected during the survey
Key findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2023 Read the full report at iku.nih.gov.my/nhms29.2%or 1 in 3 adults in Malaysiahave hypertension**A persistent blood pressure reading of 140/90 mmHgand above is categorized as hypertensionDO NOTKNOW thatthey havehypertension11.9%Age GroupPercentageDo not know Know18՞29 30՞39 40՞49 50՞59 ֞60020406080100The biggest proportion of thosewho do not know that they havehypertension were within the agerange of 18-39 yearsKNOW thatthey have 17.3%hypertension91%are on blood pressuremedications48%have their bloodpressure undercontrol (<140/90)44%have their own bloodpressure measuringdevice at home89%use their bloodpressure measuringdevice at least once adayHypertension:1x day06What's the hype?
Key findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2023 Read the full report at iku.nih.gov.my/nhmsKnow your fats!of adults in Malaysia havehigh cholesterolTotalcholesterol =cholesterol\"GOOD\"High DensityLipoprotein (HDL)cholesterol\"BAD\"Low DensityLipoprotein (LDL)1/5Triglycerides (TG)27%of adults havelow HDL levels41%of adults havehigh LDL levels23%of adults havehigh TG levelsadults with high cholesterol1 in 2that they have high cholesterolDO NOT KNOWDo you know thatincreased levels ofcholesterol often showNO SYMPTOMS?+ +High LDLLow HDLHigh TGThese increasethe risk of cardiovasculardisease7.6millionadults...that's aboutWhat makes up total cholesterol?0733.3%th
Key findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2023 Read the full report at iku.nih.gov.my/nhmsWe are getting fatter!(Based on Waist Circumference (WC): Men ≥90.0 cm, Women ≥80.0 cm)4455..44%%4488..66%%5522..66%%5544..55%%201144.5% 47.7% 50.1% 54.4%2015 2019 2023Trend in abdominal obesity among adults in Malaysia from 2011 to 20232011 2015 2019 2023(Based on Body Mass Index (BMI): ≥ 25.0 kg/m )Trend in overweight & obesity among adults in Malaysia from 2011 to 2023082
Key findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2023 Read the full report at iku.nih.gov.my/nhmsAre you active enough?adults inMalaysia areNOT PHYSICALLY ACTIVE1 in 3(spend over 2 hours a day either sitting,lying down, or reclining while awake )adults in Malaysia leadsedentary lifestyles1 in 2of adults are NOT ACTIVE in sports,84% fitness and leisure activities; andof adults DO NOT WALK or CYCLE84% from one place to another09
Key findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2023 Read the full report at iku.nih.gov.my/nhmsAre you sleeping enough?Insufficient sleep is defined asless than7 hours of sleep on averagewithin a 24-hour periodor 38% of adults in Malaysia are not getting enough sleepInsufficient sleep is linked to obesity,cardiovascular disease, diabetes,hypertension, depression and accidents2 in 5More common in urban areas andmiddle-aged adultsUrban areasRural areas39%32%�%�18՞1920՞2930՞3940՞4950՞5960 +0 10 20 30 40Insufficient sleep by age groupsInadequate sleepis a pervasivepublic healthissue in Malaysia38%B40:M40:T20:But similar in both sexes and allhousehold income groups38%37%39%10
Key findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2023 Read the full report at iku.nih.gov.my/nhmsMission impossible?Malaysia has set a target to lower the prevalence ofcurrent tobacco smoking to 15% or less by 2025.≤ 15.0%15.1% - 20.0%20.1% - 25.0%> 25.0%2233..11%% 2222..88%% 2211..33%% 1199..00%%2011 2015 2019 2023 2027020202515%?Are weon track?Trend of current tobacco smoking prevalence amongadults in Malaysia, 2011-2023Prevalence of current tobacco smokers amongadults in Malaysia by states, 2023Based on current trend and state prevalences, can we accomplish the mission by 2025?11
Key findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2023 Read the full report at iku.nih.gov.my/nhmsGet your health screened!Breast selfexaminationMammogramPap smearFaecal occultblood testof women* DID NOTdo breast selfexamination in thepast 12 monthsTop 3 reasons why people DO NOT DOhealth screening2 in 5*screening for diabetes, hypertension or high cholesteroladults aged 18 years andabove DID NOT do anyhealth screening* in thepast 12 monthsFeeling healthy90%No symptoms Time constraint84% 39%Screening for cancer46%*18 years and aboveof women* DID NOTundergo a pap smeartest in the past 3years65%*aged 20 years and aboveof women* haveNEVER had amammogramexamination71%*aged 40 years and aboveof adults* hadNEVER done a test todetect blood in their stool88%*aged 50 years and above had12
Key findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2023 Read the full report at iku.nih.gov.my/nhmsAdults in Malaysiaconsume INADEQUATE 95.1%fruit and vegetables daily1 adults do notdrink *enoughplain water in5everydayOff the mark:18 - 19 20 - 29 30 - 39 40 - 49 50 - 59 ≥ 60Prevalence of adequate fruit intake by age group12.7% 13.9% 13.5% 11.4% 9.0%7.1%*Note: 6-8 glasses (1 glass = 250ml)On average, adults consume only 2 servings* of fruit and/orvegetables daily instead of the recommended 5 servings daily*1 serving of vegetables = 1 cup (250ml) of raw vegetables/ cup of cooked vegetables1 serving of fruit = 1 medium apple/1 medium banana/ 1 slice of papaya/ medium guava1312 12Fruit, vegetables and plain water intake
Key findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2023 Read the full report at iku.nih.gov.my/nhms1 in 10Think before you drinkadults in MalaysiaDRANK ALCOHOL in the past 12 months75%55%are menare between ages20-39 years27% do so at leastonce a weekAmong those who drink alcohol in the past 12 months,1 in 2 drink excessively**more than six standard drinks in one session (more than 60grams of alcohol)14
Trapped in the shadowsKey findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2023 Read the full report at iku.nih.gov.my/nhmsAge groupPrevalence,%7.9 7.64.13.12.43.116-19 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60 ++02.557.510Self-care isimportant!Stay connected tofriends and familyTalk to someoneExercise regularlyEat healthilyGet enough sleep1,000,000people in Malaysia aged 16years old and above haveDEPRESSIONThe number of people2Xwith depression doubledfrom 2019 to 2023AboutHALFof them have thoughtsabout hurting themselves,or being better off deadPeople from youngerage-groups are morelikely to be affectedHelp is availableHelpline HEAL: 15555Reach out to someone ator 4.6%15
Key findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2023 Read the full report at iku.nih.gov.my/nhmsThe burden of mental healthproblems among children has46%17% 8%have peer problems 25% have conduct problemshave emotional problems have hyperactivity problemsoften complain of headachestend to worry a lotare often unhappyare often nervous or clingytend to be easily scaredoften have tantrumsoften disobey instructionoften lie or cheatoften have stealing habitsoften fight with other childrenA child's mind mattersare often restlessare often fidgetyare easily distractedtend to have short attention spanstend to be impulsive1 in 6childrenin Malaysia experiencemental healthproblemsdoubledsince 2019find it difficult to play with other kidshave no good friendsare bullied by other childrenare not liked by other childrenget along better with adults16
Key findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2023 Read the full report at iku.nih.gov.my/nhms37%11%have difficulties withseeing (despitecorrective eyewear),of which onlysought help for itDiverse challenges1 in 5 adults in Malaysia are currentlyliving with functionallimitations26%3%sought help for ithave difficulties withhearing (despite hearingaids), of which only22%10%sought help for ithave difficulties withwalking or going up anddown stairs, of which only15%1.5%sought help for ithave difficulties withcaring for themselves, ofwhich only12%1.8%sought help for it6%7%sought help for ithave difficulties withmemory andconcentration, of which onlyhave difficulties incommunicating withothers, of which onlyWhat kinds of difficulties do people face, and how many sought help for it(in the past 12 months)?17
AsthmaKey findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2023 Read the full report at iku.nih.gov.my/nhmsin children and adults70%22%8%Among adults in Malaysia withdiagnosed asthma,22% reported having 1 to 3 asthmaattacks in the past 12 months8% reported having 4 or moreasthma attacks in the past12 monthsAlmostSymptoms of severe asthma experienced by thesechildren include:Speech limitation39%Sleep disturbance for at leastone night per week19%1.4 millionMore thanadults in Malaysia havebeen diagnosed withasthma3 out of 10asthmatics have not beendiagnosedhalf a million70%30%4 or more attacks in the past year1՞3 attacks in the past year1 in 2 of these childrenhave had at least oneattack in the past yearchildren aged 6 to 17 yearsin Malaysia have asthma18
National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS)202H 3ealthcare Demand
Health in generalKey findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2023In general,of the population*rated their health asnot good*13 years and aboveAmong those who reported being ,In the last two weeks*,people in Malaysiareported being sick * prior to the interview1 in 5sick1 in 730.0%felt theirhealth issuestheir dailyactivitiesaffected2.3%reportedhavingunmethealthcareneeds12.9%treatment was too expensive /cannot afford / lack of moneyAmong them,Sought care or advicefrom healthcare 70practitioners.8%20.7%Sought advice from11.1% family or friends(Internet, TV, radio, newspaper, etc.)Sought advice from15 media.1%Took medicine withoutadvice from healthcarepractitionersreported that19Unmet healthcare needsRead the full report at iku.nih.gov.my/nhms
1 in 8or 12.1% of people in Malaysiaused outpatient healthcareservices in the last 2 weeks*Outpatient healthcareutilisationHigh utilisation ofoutpatient healthcareservices among:16.3%(60 years+)(0-9 years)22.2%Outpatient visits werepaid byFee exemption(such as seniorcitizen, blood donorand others)61.5%18.2%11.8%of caregivers* accompanied a sickchild to health facilities in the last 3months***aged 18 years old and above**prior to interviewInformed of sick child's diagnosis10.6% were informed ofdiagnosis / 96 care plan .9%Self or familyor householdmembersKey findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2023Among them,*prior to interviewPanel clinic or employee insurance20Read the full report at iku.nih.gov.my/nhmsChildren (0-9 years) B40 group33.1%57.0%65.0% 43.0%66.9% 35.0%Rural population48.9% 51.1%PUBLICfacilitiesPRIVATEfacilitiesAmong those who utilised, they sought outpatienthealthcare services* from:*based on average number of visits / year
Key findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2023people in Malaysia wereadmitted to a hospitalin the last 12 months^^prior to interviewHospital admissions*based on average number of admission / yearWhere were the people admitted to*?Panel clinic/employeeinsurance8.8%Private healthinsurance15.0%Hospital admissions were paid by:3 in 5025.3%PrivateHospital74.7%PublicHospitalSelf/family/householdmembers54.8%Fee exemption(such as seniorcitizen, blooddonor andothers)9.6%21Read the full report at iku.nih.gov.my/nhms
Dental visitKey findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2023In the last 12 months*Fee exemption Panel clinic/employeeinsurance3.7%52.3%43.6%Self/family/householdmembersDental services werepaid by:about8.6people in Malaysiavisited a dentist**prior to interviewmillion59.9%indentalfacilities36.0% inkindergarten/school4.1%in bothPrivate dental facilitiesPublic dental facilitiesPUBL ICwere todental facilities7 in 10 visitsBased on average number of visits / year,## inclusive of school oral health programmes.22Read the full report at iku.nih.gov.my/nhms(such as school oralhealth programmes,senior citizen, blooddonor and others)
Medical check-upKey findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 20233of th4e pop.ula6tion^%in Malaysia reported that they had amedical check-up*in the last 12 monthsprior to the interview^ aged 18 years and obove* referred to health screening which included, but not limited to,blood tests, urine tests and x-raysMedical check-up trendNHMS 2011 - 20232011 2019 202337.8%33.3% 34.6%Reasons formedicalcheckup:Referred byhealthcarepractitionerOthers (employment/university intake/insurancerequirement etc.)Selfinitiative47.4%31.2%21.4%Among those who went formedical check-up,34.8%reported thattheir results wereA B N O R M A LAmong those who hadabnormal results,3.7% D I D N O Tseek careRead the full report at iku.nih.gov.my/nhms23
Health at your fingertipsKey findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 20231.5milliononlinehealthcareservices*adults in Malaysiautilised at leastone type of* Includes online i) appointment, ii) clinical consultation and care plan, iii) delivery/pick-up of follow-up medicines, iv)request for a visit by a healthcare practitioner, v) notification of laboratory and radiology tests including self-test and vi)health education session with healthcare practitioner including rehabilitation simulationAboutOnline healthcareservices used1.2 millionusersAppointmentscheduling170,000usersDelivery/pickupof medicines115,000usersHealtheducationsession114,000usersNotificationlaboratory andimaging tests24Read the full report at iku.nih.gov.my/nhms
MetS&MAFLD 2023Prevalence of MetabolicSyndrome & MetabolicDysfunction-AssociatedFatty Liver Disease inMalaysia 2023
Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver in Malaysia 2023 (NMRR-22-0284-GUT)Metabolic syndrome2 in 5(35.9% or 8.5 million)adults in Malaysiahave metabolicsyndromeCharacteristics of people withmetabolic syndrome:1 Average age: 40 years23Diabetes: 34%4Hypertension: 59%5High cholesterol: 78%67Current smoker: 18%Current alcoholdrinker: 15%Abdominalobesity: 83%Abdominal obesityHigh blood pressureHigh blood sugarHigh blood triglycerides(a type of fat in blood)Low HDL-cholesterol('good' cholesterol)Having 3 or more of the 5 componentsof metabolic syndrome below......will increase one's risk of diabetes,heart disease, stroke, and manycancers, including colon, breast, andliver cancersThey are young & have manyother diseases at the same timeNo formal education: 45%Primary education: 52%Secondary education: 35%Tertiary education: 27%18-29 : 11%30-39 : 30%40-49 : 41%50-59 : 57%60+ : 71%Who are they?What can I do?Talk to yourdoctorGo for regularhealthscreeningEat healthily, exerciseregularly and reducebody weight (ifoverweight/obese)B40: 41%M40: 30%T20: 35%Underweight: 4%Normal weight: 11%Overweight: 40%Obese: 56%Underweight &normal weightindividuals canalso getmetabolicsyndrome!Visit www.iku.gov.my/mets for more information25
Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver in Malaysia 2023 (NMRR-22-0284-GUT)What is MAFLD?32% 25%Men Women21%32% 31%34%30%18-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60 +025Years%MAFLD is more common among men Young adults can get MAFLD tooPrevalence by age groupsadults in Malaysia 3 have MAFLDin 10(28.2% or 6.7 million)Metabolic dysfunctionassociated fatty liverdisease or MAFLDis the build-up of extrafat in the liver that islinked with metabolicdysfunctionMAFLD can lead to serious liver damageIt is also associated with diabetes, high bloodpressure, heart disease, chronic kidney disease,cancers, and other health problemsMetabolic dysfunctionassociated fatty liverdiseasePeople with MAFLD are young and havemany other diseases at the same timeAverage age yearsCurrent smokerCurrent alcoholdrinkerAbdominal obesityDiabetesHypertensionHigh cholesterolPrevalence by body mass index (BMI)Even some normal weight andoverweight adults have MAFLDObese: 23%Overweight: 5%Normal weight: 0.3%Am I at risk?Talk toyourdoctorGo forregularhealthscreening21%15%4294%25%76%48%Visit www.iku.gov.my/mets for more information26