into Gat Eng book Final 3-1-63

0

To... My Dek Dek

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ÍÂèÒ§à»ç¹Ãкº ãËéàª×èÍÁÑè¹ÇèÒµÑÇàͧ·Óä´é ÍÂèÒ¡´´Ñ¹µÑÇàͧ ¶éÒà˹×èÍÂÁÒ¡¡ç¾Ñ¡ÊÑ¡¹Ô´¤èÍÂ
ÅصÍè ¨Ðä»ä´éä¡Å¡ÇÒè ãËé¹éͧÇÒ§ã¨ÇÒè ËÅ§Ñ ¨Ò¡¹Õé¾Õ¨è Ðà»ç¹¤¹ä¡´ìãËé¹éͧÇÒè ÍÐääÇèÓẺä˹
¤´Ô Ẻä˹ µÃ§ä˹¤ÇÃÍÒè ¹äÁè¤ÇÃÍÒè ¹ ´Ñ§¹éѹäÁµè éͧ¡Ñ§ÇÅᤷè ÓãËéàµÁç ·Õè Çѹ˹è§Ö äÁÇè èÒ¼Å
¨Ðà»ç¹Â§Ñ 䧹éͧ¨ÐäÁèàÊÂÕ ã¨àŶéÒ·Ó´Õ·ÊèÕ ´Ø áÅéÇ

ÊäÙé »´éÇ¡¹Ñ ¹Ð !
Love,
P’CC

1

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ÈѾ·äì ´Ëé Á´áÅÇé (including quizlet learn 100)

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¾ÃÍé Áà¢ÂÕ ¹à©Å¤úáÅéÇ ¨ÓÈ¾Ñ ·ìä´éËÁ´áÅÇé ÁÅÕ ×Áá¤è¹´Ô ˹èÍÂ
àÃÂÕ ¹¨ºáÅéÇ Íèҹ˹§Ñ ÊÍ× ·Ç¹¤Ãº 3 ÃͺÁËÕ ÅÒ¨ش·ÅÕè Á× ·Ó¢Íé Êͺà¡Òè ¤Ãº
áÅéÇáµèÂѧäÁäè ´´é Ù¢Íé ¼´Ô ¾ÅÒ´ãËÅé ÐàÍÕ´ ÍèÒ¹È¾Ñ ·¤ì úáÅéÇáµè处 ¨Óä´äé ÁËè Á´
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ÍÂÒè §¹éÍ 2 »ÂÕ §Ñ ¼Ô´àÂÍÐ ä´¤é Ðá¹¹äÁè¶Ö§ 120 ÍèÒ¹ÈѾ·Ëì Á´áÅéǨÓä´é
»ÃÐÁÒ³ 80 à»ÍÃàì «ç¹µì
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ÍÂèÒ§¹Íé  2 »Õáµèä´é¤Ðá¹¹äÁè´àÕ ·Òè äËÃè ÍÒè ¹ÈѾ·ìËÁ´áÅÇé ¨Óä´»é ÃÐÁÒ³ 60
à»ÍÃàì «ç¹µì
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50 à»ÍÃìà«¹ç µì
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ÂѧàÃÂÕ ¹äÁ¨è º ¨ÓäÁ¤è Íè Âä´é á¤Ãè éÇÙ èÒ GAT ¤Í× ÍÐäÃËÃ×͵Íé §àÃÂÕ ¹ÍÐäúÒé §áµèäÁèÃéÙ
à¹éÍ× ËÒ¢éÒ§ã¹ÁÒ¡ äÁèà¤Â·Ó¢éÍÊͺà¡Òè ¨ÓÈѾ·äì ´éäÁàè ¡Ô¹ 30 à»ÍÃìà«ç¹µì

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Essential Grammar

1. word forms
2. part of speech
comparison
relative clause
3. sentence structure ** ࡺç äÇé¾´Ù ÃǺÂÍ´·ËÕ Å§Ñ
4. subject & verb agreement
voice
5. Tense
6. Conditional sentences
7. connectors

Expression
Vocabulary
Reading
Structure & writing

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4

Prefix & Suffix

·ÓãËéà¡Ô´¡ÒÃÊÃéÒ§¤ÓãËÁ¨è Ò¡ÃÒ¡È¾Ñ ·àì ´ÁÔ ËÃÍ× word building
1. à»ÅÕÂè ¹á¹Ç¤ÇÒÁËÁÒÂ
2. à»ÅÕè¹˹éÒ·Õ¢è ͧ¤Ó

Prefix -> “¤ÓÍØ»ÊÃä” ¤Í× ¡ÒùӤÓä»ÇÒ§äÇ´é éҹ˹Òé ÃÒ¡È¾Ñ ·ì

·ÓãËé ___________¢Í§¤Óà»ÅÕèÂ¹ä» (type of meaning)
હè

·Óãˤé ÇÒÁËÁÒµç¢Òé Áà´ÁÔ (opposite)

im-: impossible
dis-: dislike, disable
un-: unable, unacceptable

ºè§ºÍ¡àÇÅÒ (¡Íè ¹)

pre-: prewar, pretest
post-: posttest

ÅѡɳР(ÁÒ¡à¡¹Ô ä») ÃÒ¡ÈѾ·ì·Õ¹è Òè ʹã¨Í·Ùè éÒÂ˹ѧÊÍ× ¹éÒ
ÍÂèÒÅÁ× à»´Ô ä»¨Ó¡¹Ñ ´éÇÂ!
over-: overcook, overdose

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Suffix -> “¤Ó»¨Ñ ¨ÂÑ ” ¤Í× ¡ÒùӤÓä»ÇÒ§´Òé ¹ËÅѧÃÒ¡È¾Ñ ·ì

·ÓãËé _________ ¢Í§¤Óà»ÅèÕ¹ä»=> ºè§ºÍ¡ª¹Ô´¢Í§¤Ó Word forms

1) Verb 2) Noun 3) Adjective 4) Adverb

Verb form Noun form Adjective form Adverb form

decide energy beautiful
-
differently

repetition impossible
wide

- µéͧ¨Ó suffix ¾¹é× °Ò¹ãËäé ´é
à¾×èÍá¡ word forms ÍÍ¡
·ÓãËéÃÙé˹Òé ·è¢Õ ͧ¤Ó
ÃéµÙ Óá˹§è ·Õè¶Ù¡µÍé §¢Í§¤Óã¹»ÃÐâ¤

- ·Ó¢Íé Êͺ¾ÒÃì· cloze test áÅÐ error identification ä´é

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Caution

- ºÒ§¤ÓÁäÕ Á¤è ú·Ø¡ forms

- Some words look the same for different parts of speech

For example

Verb Noun Adjective Adverb
independence

fly
angry

- Some words have more than one form for the same part of

speech (with different meaning)

For example

boring (¹èÒàºÍè× ) bored (ÃÊéÙ ¡Ö àºè×Í) ໹ç Adj. ·§Ñé ¤èÙᵤè ÇÒÁËÁÒÂᵡµÒè §¡¹Ñ

I am bored because the movie is boring.

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

- Some word forms have different meaning

For example
same word forms

“Intimate” different meaning
different part of speech

Adj. => Tom and Joe were intimate (close) friends.
He has intimated (state or make known) his decision to retire.

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ÊÁÁµàÔ ¨Í¤Ó·ÕèäÁèÃéÙÇÒè à»ç¹ Word forms ÍÐäÃ
1) ãËé¹¡Ö ¶§Ö ¤Ó·èÅÕ §·Òé ÂàËÁ×͹·ÃèÕ Ù¨é ¡Ñ
2) ´ÇÙ èÒ¤Ó·ÕèàÃÒèéÙ ¡Ñ à»ç¹¤Ó»ÃÐàÀ·ä˹
3) ¤Ó·äèÕ ÁÃè é¨Ù Ðà»ç¹ word forms »ÃÐàÀ·à´ÂÕ Ç¡¹Ñ

Caution: ÃÐÇѧµÇÑ ·èàÕ »¹ç ¢Íé ¡àÇé¹

- µÑÇ¡àÇ¹é ¡ç¤Í× µÇÑ ·àèÕ ÃÒ¤´Ô ä´éäÁèãªè suffix ·Õèà»ç¹ word form ËÅ¡Ñ

✔´Ñ§¹é¹Ñ §Òè ·ÊèÕ Ø´¤Í× àÇÅÒ¨ÓÈѾ·ìµÍ¹Íèҹ˹§Ñ Ê×ͤÇÃ¨Ó word form ¢Í§¤Ó¹¹éÑ æä»
´Çé  áÅШÓÇÒè µÇÑ ä˹·àÕè »ç¹¢Íé ¡àÇ鹢ͧàÃ×èͧ¹éÕ

Ç¸Ô »Õ éͧ¡Ñ¹¨´Ø ºÍ´ (µÇÑ ·èàÕ »¹ç ¨´Ø ºÍ´)

¾ÂÒÂÒÁ¤Ô´¤Ó·èÕàÃÒèéÙ ¡Ñ ãËäé ´éÁÒ¡¡ÇèÒ 1 ¤Ó à¾ÃÒжéÒ¤Ô´á¤è¤Óà´ÂÕ Ç¤Ó¹éѹÍÒ¨à»ç¹
¢éÍ¡àǹé

For example

reputable

ÊÁÁµÔÇèÒ¹Íé §äÁèÃÙ¨é Ñ¡ word form ¤Ó¹Õé ¡çÅͧ¹Ö¡¶Ö§¤Ó·Õèŧ·Òé Â
àËÁ×͹¤Ó¹éáÕ ÅÇé ´ÇÙ èÒà»ç¹ Word form ÍÐäÃ

• comic
• scenery
• marriage
• exaggerate
• significant
• frontal

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Word forms Exercise

1. Identify each word’s part of speech
1) noun 2) verb 3) adverb 4) adjective

1) _____ essence 6) _____ ambitious
2) _____ entirely 7) _____ ventilate
3) _____ worthy 8) _____ strategy
4) _____ annihilate 9) _____ economic
5) _____ assistant 10) _____ formerly

2. Choose the correct word form to complete the sentence

1) A hobby can be any 1) common 2) commonly activity that gives
you pleasure and a feeling of relaxation.

2) Nike, Walmart and Primark cannot 1) affordable 2) afford to pay for
the environment prevention.

3) Shares have risen 1) considerably 2) consideration in the last six
months.

4) Most of the food we eat nowadays is full of chemicals and other
1) additions 2) additives.

5) Even though the actors were not quite good as expected,
the 1) produce 2) production of the play was of the highest
quality.

6) The witness was remarkably 1) collection 2) collected 3) collective
under the cross-examination.

3. Fill in the blank with the correct word form.

1) I want to visit all ………………….. places in India. (interest)
2) We are ………………… with your work. (impression)
3) Her …………………. to get job surprised us. (fail)
4) The leader of the trade union campaigned ………………….. for reelection.
In the end, he was beaten by two points. (success)
5) Your brother said that the show would be great, but I found it
………………. and was bored by the end. (excite)

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Wow! I and Dorothy are merrily enjoying our first date in London

8 parts of speech

1) ¹ÒÁ (Noun)
2) ÊÃþ¹ÒÁ (Pronoun)
3) ¤³Ø ÈѾ·ì (Adjective)
4) ¡ÃÔÂÒ (Verb)
5) ¡ÃÔÂÒÇàÔ Èɳì (Adverb)
6) º¾Ø º· (Preposition)
7) Êѹ¸Ò¹ (conjunction)
8) ÍØ·Ò¹ (interjection)

Noun is a word that stands for a person, thing, quality.

Noun suffix reminder

-ity, -ion, -ism, -ness, -ence, -th, -ment, -ship, -er, -or, -ance, -ancy

Noun à»ç¹ÍÐäÃä´éºÒé § ¡ÃÃÁµÃ§ ¢Í§ ¡ÃÃÁÃͧ ¤¹

1) »Ãиҹ (subject) ¤¹
2) ÊèǹàµÔÁàµçÁ (complement)

- subject complement
- object complement
3) ¡ÃÃÁ (object)
- ¡ÃÃÁµÃ§ (direct object)
- ¡ÃÃÁÃͧ (indirect object)

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ÊèǹàµÁÔ àµÁç ᡡѺ¡ÃÃÁ处 ä§?

à

- ÊèǹàµÔÁàµÁç ¨ÐµÒÁËÅѧ verb to be
àªè¹ She is a student.

** ¡ÃÔÂÒ¶Òé ໹ç linking verb µÍé §µÒÁËÅ§Ñ ´Çé  (obj.+) adjective áµè¶éÒµÒÁ´Çé Â
noun ¨Ðà»ç¹ action verb.

µÓá˹觢ͧ Noun

1) ÍÂÙè ˹éÒ verb =
ËÅѧ verb =

2) ÍÂËÙè Å§Ñ Determiners

3) ÍÂÙËè Åѧ Preposition હè

»ÃÐàÀ·¢Í§ Noun

1) ¤Ó¹ÒÁ¹ºÑ ä´é ¤Ó¹ÒÁàÍ¡¾¨¹ì (Singular Noun) : ÊÔè§à´ÂÕ Ç Í¹Ñ à´ÂÕ Ç
(countable noun) - ÁÕ a / an ¹Ó˹éÒ àª¹è a cat, an ant

ÃÐÇѧ! ¹ÒÁÃÙ»¾Ë¾Ù ¨¹ì áµèãªé໹ç àÍ¡¾¨¹ì

News, series, economics, physics, means, politics

¤Ó¹ÒÁ¾ËÙ¾¨¹ì (Plural Noun)

1) àµÔÁ -s, -es àªè¹ tables(s), cup(s)
2) à»ÅèÕ¹û٠ä»àÅ àªè¹ child à children

mouse à mice
person à people
3) ¤Ó·èµÕ éͧãªàé »ç¹¾ËÙ¾¨¹àì ÊÁÍ àª¹è sunglasses, pants, trousers

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- Collective Noun ËÃÍ× ¤Ó¹ÒÁáÊ´§¤ÇÒÁà»¹ç ¡ÅèÁØ
ÊÒÁÒöà»ç¹ä´·é éѧàÍ¡¾¨¹áì ÅоËÙ¾¨¹ì

àªè¹ team, audience, committee, government, set, pile, stack, crew, staff, herd

• Every morning, the herd follows its leader to the watering hole for a
drink.
herd à
follows à
its à
= All the animals in the herd arrive at the watering hole at the
same time.

• After taking a test, the class start their papers on shakespeare’s
sonnets.
class à
start à
their à
= Although the students are in the same class, they are
beginning their own papers on different sonnets written by
Shakespeare.

2) ¤Ó¹ÒÁ¹ºÑ äÁäè ´é ¶×Íà»¹ç ¤Ó¹ÒÁàÍ¡¾¨¹ìàÊÁÍ
(uncountable noun)

1) Material noun ¤Í× ÇµÑ ¶·Ø ÁÕè ÃÕ »Ù Ãèҧᵹè ѺäÁäè ´é હè gold, hair, wood,
paper, sugar, water

2) Abstract noun ¤×͹ÒÁ¸ÃÃÁ ËÃÍ× ¤Ó·èºÕ Í¡ÍÒ¡ÒÃ, ÊÀÒ¾, ¤ÇÒÁÃéÊÙ ¡Ö
àªè¹ help, advice, space, happiness
ÃÐÇѧ! ¤ÓàËÅÒè ¹àÕé »ç¹¹ÒÁ¹ºÑ äÁäè ´é

homework, equipment, furniture, money, information

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»ÃÐâ¤ÂÍè ·èÕ·Ó˹éÒ·àÕè »¹ç Noun áÅéǵèÒ§¨Ò¡ Noun Phrase Âѧä§?

Question Words Subject (Helping verb) Verb
That

â¤Ã§ÊÃÒé §Í×è¹ æ
Question words + infinitive with to

Whether/If (Yes/No Question)
• v. to be
• v. to do
• v. to have
• modal verb

That-Clause
• v. + that :

• adj. + that

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• It is she who take care of everyone.
• It is him whom I loved.
• According to him, the meeting will be postponed.

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15

Verb suffix reminder

-ate, -ize, -ise, -ify, -en

• ˹Òé ·Õ¢è ͧ Verb => ໹ç ÀÒ¤áÊ´§ã¹»ÃÐâ¤
• »ÃÐàÀ·¢Í§ Verb

¡ÃÂÔ Òá·é (Finite verb)

1. ¡ÃÔÂÒËÅ¡Ñ
2. ¡ÃÔÂÒªÇè Â

v. to be, v. to do, v. to have à»ç¹ v.ËÅÑ¡ ËÃÍ× v.ªÇè Â?

¼¹Ñ µÒÁ »ÃиҹËÅ¡Ñ àª¹è she walks very fast.
Tense હè I have spoken English for 7 years.

Voice àªè¹ The house was painted in blue.

Moods
-> ¤Óá¹Ð¹Ó: You should see the dentist every 6 months.

-> à§×è͹ä¢: If I were you, I wouldn’t let her go.

ÊӤѭ ã¹ 1 »ÃÐ⤠ÁÕ verb á·é ä´áé ¤è 1 µÑÇ Â¡àǹé ÁÕ conjunction

હè I have received and read all the letter you sent.

µÑÇÍÂèÒ§¢éÍÊͺ¾Ò÷ì Error Identification (CU-Tep)

Some (1)mammals that live in the (2)wild have thick skins or (3)hides
which (4)are protect them from the weather and their enemies.

16

¡ÃÔÂÒäÁáè ·é (Non-Finite verb)
äÁäè ´·é Ó˹éÒ·àÕè »¹ç ¡ÃÔÂҢͧ»ÃÐâ¤áÅÐäÁè¼¹Ñ µÒÁ»Ãиҹ
ÇÔ¸ÕÊ§Ñ à¡µ¡ÃÔÂÒäÁáè ·é

1) ÍÂèÙËÅ§Ñ to (infinitive with to)
2) ·Ó˹éÒ·Õèà»ç¹ Gerund (v.ing)
3) ÍÂãèÙ ¹ÃÙ» present participle (v.ing) áÅÐ past participle (v.3)
4) ÍÂÙèËÅѧ relative pronoun
5) ÍÂÙèËÅ§Ñ preposition

â¤Ã§ÊÃÒé §¡ÒÃ㪡é ÃÔÂÒªèÇ Helping verb áÅÐ Modal verb

• Helping verb/ Modal verb + v.1 (infinitive) à ãªé¡ºÑ »Ñ¨¨ºØ ¹Ñ
àªè¹ We should see her tonight.

• Helping verb/ Modal verb + have + v.3 à ãªé¡ºÑ Í´µÕ
àªè¹ We should have seen her last night.

Infinitive Verb

Infinitive with to

• à»ç¹»Ãиҹ¢Í§»ÃÐâ¤
• ໹ç ÊèǹàµÔÁàµÁç ¢Í§»ÃÐâ¤

• µÒÁËÅѧ Question Word à¾Íè× ºÍ¡Çѵ¶»Ø ÃÐʧ¤/ì ÇÔ¸Õ¡ÒÃ

¶éÒÃÙ»»¯Ôàʸ¢Í§ to à¢ÂÕ ¹Â§Ñ ä§?

17

Verb ·ÕèÊÒÁÒöµÒÁ´Çé  to + v.infinitive

plan hope try need fail + to + v. inf
decide appear agree intend

advise force allow ask + object + to + v.inf
tell teach expect hire

Infinitive without to

• ÍÂËÙè Åѧ modal verb
àªè¹

• ÍÂèËÙ Å§Ñ let, make, help, have + object + v.inf
હè

• ÍÂËèÙ Åѧ would rather, would rather… than, would sooner, had better
have to, used to, ought to, be going to

àªè¹

• ¡ÃÔÂÒáÊ´§ÍÒ¡ÒÃÃѺÃéÙ + object + v.inf
hear, sense, see, watch, observe, imagine, notice

હè
** ÊÒÁÒöãªé v.ing á·¹ v.inf ä´é à¾Íè× à¹¹é ÂÓé
હè

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Gerund

¤×Í v.ing ·Õ·è Ó˹éÒ·èÕàÊÁÍ× ¹¤Ó¹ÒÁ

Gerund ͵è٠çä˹䴺é éÒ§

• ËÅѧ preposition
àªè¹ I’m interested in swimming

I believe you can be good at singing.
• ËÅѧ go, ËÅ§Ñ no
હè I go shopping every saturday.
The sign said “No smoking”.
• ËÅ§Ñ verb / verb phrase **äÁèä´éÁÕ᤹è éÕ áµ¹è Õè¤Í× ¤Ó·è¾Õ ººèÍÂ

Caution

Gerund à»ç¹ v.ing ·Ó˹éÒ·Õàè »ç¹ ¤Ó¹ÒÁ áµè v.ing ã¹ Present Con. ໹ç Tense
àªè¹ I love singing. (singing ໹ç )
I am singing. (singing ໹ç . )

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¤Ó·ÕèµÒÁ´Çé  Gerund (v-ing) ËÃÍ× To Infinitive (v.1) áÅéÇÁÕ¤ÇÒÁËÁÒÂ
“àËÁÍ× ¹¡Ñ¹”

start, begin, love, like, hate, dislike, plan, intend, dread, it’s silly,
prefer, neglect, continue, it’s good idea

I hate to tell a lie. = I hate telling a lie.
©¹Ñ à¡ÅÂÕ ´¡Òþٴâ¡Ë¡

¤Ó·ÕèµÒÁ´éÇ Gerund (v-ing) ËÃ×Í To Infinitive (v.1) áÅéÇÁÕ¤ÇÒÁËÁÒÂ
“µÒè §¡¹Ñ ”

stop, forget, remember, try, need, regret, mean

Stop
stop + v.ing (Ë嫯 ·ÓÊè§Ô ¹éѹ)
I stop taking note when I’m tired. (©Ñ¹ËÂØ´¨´â¹éµàÇÅÒ·Õèà˹×Íè Â)
stop + to v.1 (Ë嫯 à¾è×Íä»·ÓÍÕ¡Êèԧ˹֧è )
I stop to take note when I understand.

Forget
forget + v.ing (ÅÁ× ÇÒè ·Óä»áÅéÇ)
I forget telling you about this. (©Ñ¹ÅÁ× ÇèÒä´éºÍ¡¤³Ø à¡èÕÂÇ¡ºÑ àÃÍè× §¹éäÕ »áÅÇé )
forget + to v.1 (ÅÁ× ÇèҨеÍé §·Ó)
I forgot to tell you about this. (©Ñ¹Å×ÁÇÒè ¨ÐµéͧºÍ¡¤³Ø à¡ÂèÕ Ç¡ÑºàÃèÍ× §¹)Õé

Remember
remember + v.ing (¨Óä´Çé Òè ·Óä»áÅÇé )
I remember giving you my pen. (©¹Ñ ¨Óä´Çé Òè ä´éãËé»Ò¡¡Òä»áÅÇé )
remember + to v.1 (¨Óä´éÇèҨеéͧ·Ó)
I remember to give you my pen. (©¹Ñ ¨Óä´éÇèҨеéͧãË»é Ò¡¡Òá¡è¤³Ø

20

Try
try + v.ing (Åͧ·Ó)
I try baking a cookie. (©Ñ¹Åͧͺ¤Øé¡¡Õé´Ù)
try + to v.1 (¾ÂÒÂÒÁ·Ó)
I try to bake a cookie. (©Ñ¹¾ÂÒÂÒÁ·Õ¨è Ðͺ¤¡éØ ¡Õé)

Need
need + v.ing (¨Óà»ç¹µÍé §ä´Ãé ºÑ ¡ÒÃ)
My shoes need repairing. (Ãͧà·éҢͧ©¹Ñ ¨Óà»ç¹µéͧä´Ãé ºÑ ¡ÒëÍè Á)
need + to v.1 (¨Óà»ç¹µéͧ·Ó)
I need to drink more water. (©Ñ¹¨Óà»¹ç µéͧ´èÁ× ¹Óé ãËéÁÒ¡¡ÇÒè ¹éÕ)

Regret
regret + v.ing (àÊÂÕ ã¨·äèÕ ´·é Óŧä»)
I regret giving you all of my heart. (©¹Ñ àÊÂÕ ã¨·ãÕè Ë¤é ³Ø ËÁ´ã¨)
regret + to v.1 (àÊÂÕ ã¨·¨Õè зÓ)
I regret to tell you the bad news. (©¹Ñ àÊÂÕ ã¨·Õ¨è еÍé §ºÍ¡¢èÒÇÃÒé ¡Ѻà¸Í)

Mean
mean + v.ing (¹ÓÁÒ«è§Ö )
If you forget your homework again, it means phoning your mom.
(¶Òé à¸ÍÅ×Á·Ó¡ÒúÒé ¹Í¡Õ ©Ñ¹¨Ðâ·ÃËÒáÁàè ¸Í)
mean + v.1 (µé§Ñ ã¨)
I didn’t mean to take your pen. (©Ñ¹äÁèä´éµ§éÑ ã¨¨ÐàÍÒ»Ò¡¡Ò¤³Ø ä»)

21

Participle
v.ing v.3

1. Present Participle

¤×Í¡ÒÃãªé v.ing ÁÒ¢ÂÒÂÇèÒ S. / N. ·ÓʧÔè ¹¹Ñé ´éǵÇÑ àͧ
• The beauty is sleeping in the castle.

¼éÙË­Ô§ÊÇ¡ÓÅѧËÅѺÍÂèÙã¹»ÃÐÊÒ·
• The beauty sleeping in the castle is my favorite Disney’s princess.

¼ÙéË­Ô§ÊÇ·¡Õè ÓÅ§Ñ ËÅºÑ ÍÂÙãè ¹»ÃÐÊҷ໹ç à¨Òé Ë­§Ô ¤¹â»Ã´¢Í§©¹Ñ
• The sleeping beauty in the castle is my favorite Disney’s princess.

¼ÙéË­Ô§ÊÇ·¡èÕ ÓÅ§Ñ ËÅºÑ ÍÂÙãè ¹»ÃÐÊÒ·à»ç¹à¨éÒË­§Ô ¤¹â»Ã´¢Í§©Ñ¹
• Sleeping in the castle, the beauty is my favorite Disney’s princess.

¼ÙéË­§Ô ÊÇ·è¡Õ ÓÅ§Ñ ËÅºÑ ÍÂèÙã¹»ÃÐÊҷ໹ç à¨éÒË­Ô§¤¹â»Ã´¢Í§©Ñ¹

22

2. Past Participle

¡ÒÃ¹Ó v.3 ÁÒ¢ÂÒÂÇÒè S. / N. ¹¹Ñé ¶¡Ù ¡ÃзÓ
• The dog has bitten John.

ËÁÒä´é¡Ñ´¨Í˹ì

• John was bitten by the dog.
¨ÍË칶¡Ù ¡Ñ´â´ÂËÁÒ

• The wallet stolen by the thief is very expensive.
¡ÃÐà»Òë ·è¶Õ ¡Ù â¨Ã¢âÁÂÁÃÕ Ò¤ÒᾧÁÒ¡

• The stolen wallet is very expensive.
¡ÃÐà»ëÒ·Õ¶è Ù¡¢âÁÂÁÃÕ Ò¤ÒᾧÁÒ¡

• Stolen by the thief, wallet is owned by Joe.
¡ÃÐà»ëÒ·¶èÕ Ù¡¢âÁÂà»¹ç ¢Í§â¨

Linking Verb â¤Ã§ÊÃÒé § S + Linking V. + (Object) + Adjective

- ¼Ñ¹µÒÁ »Ãиҹ tense taste sound
turn become
feel appear remain
smell get come
look keep seem
stay consider
prove grow find
go drive
make

23

Adjective suffix reminder

-ful, -ous, -ive, -ant, -ent, -less, -ish, -able, -ible, -ic, -al, -y
This crafty boy is proud of his new magic trick and he found

hisself so fascinating.

Adjective ͵Ùè çä˹䴺é Òé §?

1. ÇÒ§äÇé˹Òé ¹ÒÁ હè
2. ÇÒ§äÇéËÅ§Ñ v.to be હè
3. ÇÒ§äÇËé Å§Ñ linking verb àªè¹
4. ÇÒ§äÇéËÅ§Ñ ¹ÒÁ(¡ÃÃÁ) àªè¹

Order of adjective

+ Noun

àªè¹

24

Participle

¹Ó -ing, -ed µÍè ·éÒ special verb à¾è×Íãªéà»ç¹ adjective ÁÒ¢ÂÒ noun
µÑÇÍÂèÒ§ Special Verb
à bore, worry, excite, surprise, amaze, fascinate, frustrate, irritate, interest

¹èÒ… -ing ÃÊÙé ¡Ö … -ed

This show really interest me. ¡ÃзÓàͧ -ing
I’m interesting. ¶¡Ù ¡ÃÐ·Ó -ed
I’m interested.

ÃÐÇ§Ñ ! ãªé੾ÒСѺ verb à¡ÂèÕ Ç¡ÑºÍÒÃÁ³ì¤ÇÒÁÃéÊÙ ¡Ö à·èÒ¹é¹Ñ
¶Òé ໹ç verb ¡ÒáÃзÓÍè×¹æ ãªËé Å¡Ñ participle »¡µÔ

Adverb suffix reminder -ly

¡àÇé¹ friendly, lovely, lonely, elderly, deadly, silly, lively => ADJECTIVE

¢ÂÒ verb હè He runs fast.
¢ÂÒ adjective àªè¹ He is a very good runner
¢ÂÒ ¢ÂÒ adverb હè He runs very fast.

¢ÂÒ»ÃÐ⤠àªè¹ - Unfortunately, his dad pass away.
- The robot can turn itself off automatically.

¢¹éÑ ¸ÃÃÁ´Ò ¢Ñ鹡ÇèÒ ¢éѹÊÙ§ÊØ´

good better The best

bad worse The worst

Adjective áÅÐ Adverb far Further/farther The furthest/
The furthest
·àèÕ »ÃÕºà·ÂÕ ºáÅéÇà»ÅÂèÕ ¹ÃÙ»â´Â old Older/elder The oldest/
ÊÔé¹àªÔ§ The eldest

little less The least

25

¢éѹ»¡µÔ ¢Ñ鹡ÇÒè ¢Ñ¹é Ê´Ø
(positive degree) (comparative (superlative
Part of speech à·Òè /äÁàè ·èÒ degree) …¡ÇÒè degree) …·ÊèÕ ´Ø

ÊÑé¹ ºÍ¡àÅÒè &¤Ó¶ÒÁ (adj.)-er + than The + (adv.)-est

Adjective as….as more+(adj.)+than The most + (adv.)
Adverb »¯àÔ Ê¸
(adv.)-er + than (the) + (adv.)-est
ÂÒÇ (not) so….as
more+ (adv.)-ly The most +
(not) as….as + than (adv.)-ly

ʹéÑ ºÍ¡àÅÒè &¤Ó¶ÒÁ

as….as
»¯Ôàʸ

ÂÒÇ (not) so….as

(not) as….as

Note Adjective ·ÕèÁÕ 2 ¾ÂÒ§¤ì
• ŧ·éÒ´Çé  ‘-ful’ ËÃ×Í ‘-re’ ãËàé µÔÁ ‘-more’ áÅÐ ‘-most’ ˹éÒ¤Ó
• ŧ·Òé ´Çé  ‘-er’ , ‘-y’ ËÃÍ× ãËéàµÔÁ ‘-er’ áÅÐ ‘-est’ ··èÕ éÒ¤Ó

µéͧà»ÅèÕ¹ y ໹ç i áÅéǤèÍÂàµÁÔ

â¤Ã§ÊÃÒé § comparative ͹×è æ
§

The + comparative , the + comparative §èÔ … ¡Âç Ô觅

àªè¹ The more books you read, the wiser you become.

26

·Ç¹¡¹Ñ ˹èÍÂ
¹Í¡¨Ò¡ Adjective ÂѧÁ¤Õ Óª¹Ô´ã´ºÒé §·Õ¢è ÂÒ Noun ä´é
·Ó˹éÒ·èÕ ¤ÅéÒ Adjective

¢ÂÒ¹ÒÁ
໹ç ÊèǹàÊÃÁÔ »Ãиҹ
໹ç ÊÇè ¹àÊÃÁÔ ¡ÃÃÁ

27

(Adjective clause)

ãªé Relative Pronoun

Relative Adverb

Relative Pronoun ·Õèãªãé ¹ Adjective clause Who, whom, that, whose+(Noun),
(prepo)+which

1) ¤¹

Structure :

who/that + verb : ¢ÂÒÂÇèÒ»Ãиҹà»ç¹¼Ùé¡ÃзÓ

àªè¹ Government gives money to everyone who is eligible
for compensation.

¤¹ + whom/that + clause : ¢ÂÒÂÇèÒ»ÃÐ¸Ò¹à»¹ç ¼Ù鶡٠¡ÃзÓ

હè Ms.Kelly whom we talked about yesterday is Kate’s
mother.

whose + noun : ¢ÂÒÂÇèÒ»Ãиҹà»ç¹à¨éҢͧ¹ÒÁ¹¹éÑ

àªè¹ We will compensate all of the people whose house
have been destroyed.

1) ÊѵÇì Êè§Ô ¢Í§ ʶҹ·èÕ

Structure :

which/that + verb : ¢ÂÒÂÇÒè »ÃÐ¸Ò¹à»¹ç ¼¡éÙ ÃзÓ

àªè¹ The dog which/that ran into our house is Beagle.

+浄 Çì ÊÔèǢͧ ʶҹ·èÕ which/that + clause : ¢ÂÒÂÇèÒ»Ãиҹà»ç¹¼Ùé¶Ù¡¡ÃзÓ
હè The photo which/that Jeft took won the
competition.

of which + possessive adj. + Noun
: ¢ÂÒÂÇèÒ¹ÒÁ¹Ñé¹ à»ç¹ÊÇè ¹»ÃСͺ¢Í§»Ãиҹ

àªè¹ The car of which its wheel was stolen can’t be
driven.

28

Relative Adverb ·ãèÕ ªãé ¹ Adjective clause

When, where, why

when
Noun + where + clause

why

Example

• Please tell me when you’re ready.
• This is school where I studied kindergarten.
• I don’t know why she left me.

ÊӤѭ »ÃÐ⤷ÕÁè Õ relative pronoun ( )

à ¶éÒäÁèÁÕ comma(,) ÍÂÙËè ¹Òé relative pronoun => ÅÐ Relative P. ä´é
àªè¹ This is the women (whom) I loved.
à ¶Òé ÁÕ comma(,) ÍÂÙè˹éÒ relative pronoun => ÅÐ Relative P. äÁäè ´é
àªè¹ The lady, who is standing next to me, is my wife.

ÃÐÇ§Ñ ! ËÅѧ comma(,) ËÒé Áãªé that

X The lady, that is standing next to me, is my wife.

29

¡ÒÃŴû٠Relative Clause =>

ÊÒÁÒö·ÓãËé Clause ʹéÑ ¡ÃЪѺŧâ´Â….

For example
1) Taj Mahal, which is one of the 7 wonders, was built by Emperor to honor
his wife.
à
à
2) I like Christen, who is standing across the road.
à

30

¤Óº¾Ø º·à¾Íè× ºÍ¡µÓá˹§è àÇÅÒ Ê¶Ò¹·Õè

µÒÁ´Çé  N. / V.ing àÊÁÍ

- áºè§à»¹ç preposition of Time Example
Place 9.00 am

Time Preposition

àÇÅÒ

ªÇè §àÇÅҢͧÇѹ morning, afternoon

Çѹ·Õè March 23, 2020

Ç¹Ñ Monday, Sunday

Ç¹Ñ ÊӤѭ Christmas day, Birthday

à´Í× ¹ April, May

»Õ 1990, 2020

ªÇè §»Õ The 20th century, the 1990s

ªÇè §Ç¹Ñ ËÂØ´ Songkran
à·È¡ÒÅ Summer, winter
Ä´¡Ù ÒÅ

31

Preposition of time
in
on
at

Preposition of place
in
on

at

32

¼Ñ¹ãËéµÃ§µÒÁ »Ãиҹ Tense Voice

• ÊÇè ¹ãË­è¢Íé Êͺ¨ÐàÍÒ tense §èÒÂæÁÒÍÍ¡: Present simple
ËÅ¡Ñ : “ »ÃиҹàÍ¡¾¨¹ì ¹ÒÁ¹ÑºäÁèä´é ¡ÃÔÂÒµéͧ……………………………...”

“ »Ãиҹ¾ËÙ¾¨¹ì ãªé¡ÃÂÔ Ò……………………… “
àªè¹ – He eats all the food on the table.

- Happiness is all I’ve ever wanted.
- Bread and butter is one of the basic breakfast.
- Whisky and soda is a popular beverage.

• ¼¹Ñ ã˵é çµÒÁ voice ¤Í× ´ÇÙ Òè »ÃиҹÊÒÁÒöÊÒÁÒö¡ÃзӡÃÔÂҹѹé àͧä´éäËÁ
હè - The house paints in blue.

The house is painted in blue.
- The wallet stole last night.

The wallet was stolen last night.

….. ¶×Íà»ç¹»ÃиҹàÍ¡¾¨¹ì µÍé §ãªé¡ÃÔÂÒàÍ¡¾¨¹ì

1. Every
Any
+ ………. + v.àÍ¡¾¨¹ì
Some
No

Each of
2. One of (the)
Either of + n.¾Ë¾Ù ¨¹ì + v.àÍ¡¾¨¹ì

Neither of

3. Gerund phrase and Infinitive phrase ¶Í× à»¹ç »ÃиҹàÍ¡¾¨¹ì µÍé §ãª¡é ÃÔÂÒ
àÍ¡¾¨¹ì (¡àǹé phrase ËÅÒµÇÑ ¨Ð¶×Íà»¹ç »Ãиҹ¾Ë¾Ù ¨¹ì ãªé¡ÃÂÔ Ò¾ËÙ¾¨¹ì)

33

….. ¶Í× à»¹ç »Ãиҹ¾ËÙ¾¨¹ì µÍé §ãª¡é ÃÔÂÒ¾ËÙ¾¨¹ì
1. Indefinite pronoun ¶Í× à»ç¹»Ãиҹ¾ËÙ¾¨¹àì ÊÁÍ µÍé §ãª¡é ÃÔÂҾ˾٠¨¹ì

* ËÒ¡ãªéá·¹¹ÒÁ¹ºÑ ä´é
all, both, few, a few, several, some, many,
àªè¹ All are good in their own ways.
2. The + Adjective ÁÕ¤ÇÒÁËÁÒÂÇÒè ¡ÅÁØè ¤¹ µÍé §ãª¡é ÃÔÂÒ¾ËÙ¾¨¹ì
àªè¹ The Italian love pizza and pasta.
The blind see nothing.

¡ÃÂÔ Ò¼Ñ¹µÒÁµÑÇ˹éÒ
1. »ÃиҹÁÒ¡¡ÇÒè 1 µÑÇ ·ÕèàªèÍ× Á´Çé Â

With, together with, as well as, accompanied by, in company with,
in addition to, besides, plus, except, but, like, unlike, along with,
no less than, including, excluding

ãËé¼Ñ¹µÒÁ»Ãиҹ µÇÑ Ë¹éÒ
àªè¹ My mother with her friends goes shopping at the mall.

John as well as his classmates is going to the school.
2. »ÃÐ⤷ÕèÁÕ relative pronoun ã˼é ѹµÒÁ¤Ó¹ÒÁµÇÑ Ë¹éÒ relative pronoun
àªè¹ Koala is one of the species which are affected by wildfire.

The shoes that were given are very comfortable.

34

¡ÃÂÔ Ò¼Ñ¹µÒÁµÇÑ ËŧÑ
1. »ÃиҹÁÒ¡¡ÇèÒ 1 µÇÑ ·èÕàª×èÍÁ´Çé Â

not only…. but also…., either…. or…., neither…. or…., or, nor
¡ÃÔÂÒ¼¹Ñ µÒÁ»ÃиҹµÑÇËŧÑ
àªè¹ Not only James but also his friends get the reward.
2. ¤Óºè§ºÍ¡»ÃÔÁÒ³ ä´áé ¡è half, half of, all, all of, most, most of, some, some
of, none of, a lot of, lots of, àÅ¢àÈÉÊÇè ¹ áÅÐ à»ÍÃìà«¹ç µì
¡ÃÔÂÒ¼¹Ñ µÒÁ¤Ó¹ÒÁ·µèÕ ÒÁËÅ§Ñ ÁÒ
હè Ten per cent of the water in the river is contaminated.
Some of the birds migrate across the pacific.
3. here and there
¡ÃÔÂÒ¼¹Ñ µÒÁ¤Ó¹ÒÁ·µèÕ ÒÁËÅ§Ñ ¡ÃÂÔ Ò
હè Here is your score.
There are 3 days left until summer.

NOTE

35

à»¹ç ”¼Ù¡é ÃзӔ :
¤×Íâ¤Ã§ÊÃéÒ§·áÕè Ê´§ãËéà˹ç ÇèÒ »Ãиҹ

à»¹ç ”¼é¶Ù Ù¡¡ÃзӔ :

STEPS Active voice à Passive voice

ÊÅºÑ ·èÕ ¡ÃÃÁ »Ãиҹ ¢Í§»ÃÐ⤠active voice à¾è×ÍãËàé »ç¹»ÃÐâ¤
passive voice
¼¹Ñ v.to be ã˵é çµÒÁ »Ãиҹ Tense
à»ÅÕÂè ¹¡ÃÂÔ Òá·ãé ¹»ÃÐ⤠active voice ãËàé »¹ç v.3 áÅйÓä»ÇÒ§äÇËé Åѧ v. to be
·Õ¼è ѹäÇéáÅÇé
¹Ó by ä»àµÁÔ äÇËé Å§Ñ ¡ÃÃÁ ¢Í§»ÃÐ⤠passive voice

Voice Exercise: turn these active voice sentences into passive voice

sentences.
1. John baked a cake yesterday.
2. John has baked a cake since yesterday.
3. John has been baking a cake.

36

Present simple

â¤Ã§ÊÃéÒ§ : S + v.1 (s/es)
ʶҹ¡Òóì : 1)à»ç¹¤ÇÒÁ¨Ã§Ô 2)à¡Ô´¢¹éÖ »ÃШÓ
Helping verb :
µÇÑ ÍÂèÒ§

Passive Voice :

Present continuous

â¤Ã§ÊÃÒé § : S + is/am/are + v.ing
ʶҹ¡Òóì : 1)¡ÓÅ§Ñ ¡Ãзӵ͹¾Ù´ 2)Í´Õµ->»Ñ¨¨ØºÑ¹->͹Ҥµ 3)à¡Ô´á¹æè ͹Ҥµ
Helping verb :
µÑÇÍÂèÒ§

Passive Voice :

Present perfect

â¤Ã§ÊÃÒé § : S + has/have + v.3
ʶҹ¡Òóì : 1)à¡Ô´¢¹éÖ ã¹Í´µÕ ¨¹¶Ö§»Ñ¨¨Øº¹Ñ 2)à˵¡Ø Òó·ì ÕèྦྷÔè ¨ºä»ã¹Í´Õµ
Helping verb :
µÑÇÍÂèÒ§

Passive Voice :

Present perfect continuous

â¤Ã§ÊÃéÒ§ : S + has/have + been + v.ing
ʶҹ¡Òóì : à˵ءÒóì·àÕè ¡´Ô ¢é¹Ö µÑé§áµÍè ´Õµ¨¹¶Ö§»¨Ñ ¨ØºÑ¹ (à¹é¹àÃ×èͧÃÐÂÐàÇÅÒ)
Helping verb :
µÑÇÍÂèÒ§

Passive Voice :

37

Past simple

â¤Ã§ÊÃéÒ§ : S + v.2
ʶҹ¡Òóì : à¡´Ô ¢¹éÖ áÅШºä»áÅÇé ã¹Í´µÕ
Helping verb :
µÑÇÍÂèÒ§

Passive Voice :

Past continuous

â¤Ã§ÊÃéÒ§ : S + was/were + v.ing
ʶҹ¡Òóì : ¡ÅÒè Ƕ֧à˵¡Ø Òó췡Õè ÓÅ§Ñ ¡ÃзÓÍÂèãÙ ¹Í´µÕ (past simple à¢Òé á·Ã¡)
Helping verb :
µÇÑ ÍÂÒè §

Passive Voice :

Past perfect

â¤Ã§ÊÃÒé § : S + had + v.3
ʶҹ¡Òóì : Á¡Ñ ãªé¤¡Ùè Ѻ past simple ໹ç à˵¡Ø Òóì·èÕà¡´Ô ¢Öé¹áÅШº¡è͹ past s.
Helping verb :
µÇÑ ÍÂèÒ§

Passive Voice :

Past perfect continuous

â¤Ã§ÊÃÒé § : S + had + been + v.ing
ʶҹ¡Òóì : ¡ÅÒè Ƕ֧à˵ءÒó·ì è¡Õ ÃзÓÍÂèªÙ èÇÑ ÃÐÂÐàÇÅÒ˹Öè§ã¹Í´µÕ
Helping verb :
µÇÑ ÍÂèÒ§

Passive Voice :

38

Future simple

â¤Ã§ÊÃÒé § : S + will + v.inf
ʶҹ¡Òóì : 1)¤Ò´à´Òà˵ءÒóì 2)ÇҧἹã¹Í¹Ò¤µ
Helping verb :
µÇÑ ÍÂÒè §

Passive Voice :

Future continuous

â¤Ã§ÊÃÒé § : S + will + be +v.ing
ʶҹ¡Òóì : à˵¡Ø Òó·ì èըСÃзÓÍÂÙèã¹Í¹Ò¤µ
Helping verb :
µÑÇÍÂÒè §

Passive Voice :

Future perfect

â¤Ã§ÊÃÒé § : S + will + have + v.3
ʶҹ¡Òóì : à˵ءÒóì·è¨Õ Шºã¹Í¹Ò¤µ
Helping verb :
µÇÑ ÍÂÒè §

Passive Voice :

Future perfect continuous

â¤Ã§ÊÃéÒ§ : S + will + have + been + v.ing
ʶҹ¡Òóì : à˵ءÒóì·äÕè ´·é ÓÁÒáÅÇé ÃÐÂÐàÇÅÒ˹§èÖ áÅШÐÂѧ·Óã¹Í¹Ò¤µ(àÇÅÒ)
Helping verb :
µÇÑ ÍÂèÒ§

Passive Voice :

39

Type If-clause Main clause ¡Ã³·Õ Õèãªé
0
1 If + v.1 S + v.1 à˵¡Ø Òóì¸ÃÃÁªÒµ·Ô àèÕ »¹ç
Eg. If you heat water, It boils at 100 degrees ¨ÃÔ§ 100%
2 celcius.
3 If + v.1
4 Eg. If you study hard, S + will + v.1 à˵ءÒó¤ì Ò´à´Ò͹Ҥµ
(¼ÊÁ) You will get good Á¤Õ ÇÒÁà»ç¹ä»ä´é·¨èÕ Ð
If + v.2 grades. à¡´Ô ¢éÖ¹
Eg. If I were a
billionaire, S + would + v.1 à˵¡Ø Òóì·ÕèÍÂÒ¡ãËàé ¡´Ô ã¹
If + had v.3, I would have 10 cars. »Ñ¨¨ØºÑ¹áµèà»ç¹ä»ä´Âé Ò¡
Eg. If I had studied ÁÒ¡
hard,
If + had v.3, S + would + have + v.3 à˵ءÒó·ì ÕÍè ÂÒ¡ãËéà¡´Ô ã¹
Eg. If I had studied I would have graduated. Í´µÕ áµè¡ÅºÑ ä»á¡äé Áäè ´éáÅÇé
hard then,
âÍ¡ÒÊ໹ç ä»ä´é 0 %

S + would + v.1 à˵ءÒóì·èÕÍÂÒ¡ãËàé ¡´Ô ã¹
I would be a successful Í´Õµ ¡ÅºÑ ä»á¡äé Áäè ´áé ÅÇé
person today. Ê觼Ŷ§Ö »Ñ¨¨Øº¹Ñ

• ÊÒÁÒöãªé ‘ unless ‘ á·¹ if ä´é á»ÅÇÒè ‘ ¶Òé äÁè ’
áµè¨Ð·Óãˤé ÇÒÁËÁÒÂà»ÅÂèÕ ¹
àªè¹ – If it rains, I will bring a raincoat. (¶éÒ½¹µ¡ ©¹Ñ ¨ÐàÍÒàÊé×Í¡¹Ñ ½¹ä»)

- Unless it rains, I will bring a raincoat. (¶éÒ½¹äÁ赡 ©Ñ¹¨ÐàÍÒàÊé×͡ѹ½¹ä»)
à

• ÊÒÁÒöÊÅѺµÓá˹§è If clause áÅÐ main clause ä´é
હè You will get good grades if you study hard.

40

1) 㪺é Í¡¨Ø´»ÃÐʧ¤ì

in order to + V.1 **à¾ÃÒÐËÅ§Ñ to µéͧ໹ç v.infinitive (v.1 äÁàè µÁÔ s/es)**
so as to
to

in order that + S.+V.+O. **à¾ÃÒÐ ËÅѧ ‘that’ µÍé §à»ç¹»ÃÐâ¤**
so as that
that (áµèµéͧäÁèãªè¡Ã³ãÕ ¹ relative clause)

2) ãªéºÍ¡à˵áØ ÅмÅ

because + S.+V.+O.
as
sine

Now that + S.+V.+O. , S.+V.+O.
Seeing that

thanks to + n. / v.ing
owing to
because of
on account of
due to

3) ãªéºÍ¡¼ÅÅѾ¸ì(´§Ñ ¹Ñ¹é )
so, that, hence, therefore, accordingly, thereby, consequently etc.

4) 㪺é Í¡¤ÇÒÁ¢´Ñ áÂé§
but, yet, though, although, even though, even if, in spite of, despite, still,
however, nevertheless, nonetheless, notwithstanding

41

42

Few v. Little
Some v. Any
Other v. Another

43

Article
Demonstrative
Possessive
Quantifier

44

Important structure

45

46

GAT (General Aptitude Test) ¤×Í ¢Íé Êͺ¤ÇÒÁ¶¹Ñ´·ÑÇè ä» ÁÕ 2 Êèǹ ÃÇÁ 180 ¹Ò·Õ
ÁÕ¤Ðá¹¹ÃÇÁ·Ñé§ËÁ´ 300 ¤Ðá¹¹

Part 1: GAT àªÍ×è Áâ§

2 ¢éÍ 90 ¹Ò·Õ 150 ¤Ðá¹¹

Part 2: GAT ꤄ ¡ÄÉ

60 ¢éÍ 90 ¹Ò·Õ 150 ¤Ðá¹¹
´Ñ§¹Ñ鹨֧ÁàÕ ÇÅÒ·Ó¢Íé ÅлÃÐÁÒ³ 1 ¹Ò·Õ 30 Ç¹Ô Ò·Õ áÅе¡¢Íé ÅÐ 2.5 ¤Ðá¹¹

â´Âầè Í͡໹ç 4 Parts ´Ñ§¹Õé

Questions Parts Types

1-15 Expressions Long Dialogue
(15 ¢éÍ) Vocabulary º·Ê¹·¹Ò
Meaning in context
16-30 - ¤Ó·èÁÕ ¤Õ ÇÒÁËÁÒÂàËÁÍ× ¹¡¹Ñ
(15 ¢Íé ) - ¤Ó㹪Íè §ÇèÒ§

31-45 Reading Meaning Recognition
(15 ¢éÍ) Error Identification - ¨Óṡ¤ÇÒÁËÁÒ¢ͧ¤Ó
46-60 Cloze test µÍº¤Ó¶ÒÁ¨Ò¡º·¤ÇÒÁ
(15 ¢Íé ) Paragraph Writing »ÃÐÁÒ³ 3 º·¤ÇÒÁ
ËÒÊèǹ·è¢Õ ´Õ àÊé¹ãµ·é èÕ¼Ô´ËÅÑ¡
äÇÂҡóì
àÅ×Í¡¤ÓµÍºãËàé ¢Òé ¡ÑºªÍè §ÇèÒ§ã¹
º·¤ÇÒÁ
ÇÑ´¤ÇÒÁÃéÙ´Òé ¹¡ÒÃà¢Õ¹ÂÍè ˹éÒâ´Â
µÍº¤Ó¶ÒÁÍÒÈÑÂÂèÍ˹éÒ·ÕèãËéÁÒ

47