Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 21 Rajah 21 menunjukkan eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan kepekatan antibiotik terhadap pertumbuhan bakteria (Bacillus sp.). Diameter kawasan jernih yang terbentuk di sekeliling cakera antibiotik diukur selepas tiga hari. Diagram 21 shown an experiment to study the effect of antibiotic concentration on bacterial (Bacillus sp.) growth. The diameter of the clear area formed around the antibiotic disc is measured after three days. Rajah/Diagram 21 Jadual 21 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen. Table 21 shows the result of the experiment. Kepekatan cakera antibiotik Concentration of antibiotic disc Diameter Kawasan jernih (cm) Diameter of clear area (cm) Tinggi High 3.0 Rendah Low 1.5 Jadual/Table 21 (a) Nyatakan pemboleh ubah dimalarkan bagi eksperimen ini. State the constant variable of this experiment. …………………………………………………………………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] 45
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 (b) Berdasarkan Rajah 21, nyatakan satu pemerhatian. Based on Diagram 21, state one observation. ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………….…….. [1 markah/1 mark] (c) Nyatakan satu inferens di 21(b). State one inference in 21(b). ………………………………………………………………………………….………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………. [1 markah/1 mark] (d) Penisilin adalah contoh antibiotik. Berdasarkan keputusan eksperimen ini, nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi antibiotik. Penicillin is an example of antibiotic. Based on the result of the experiment, state the operational definition of antibiotic. …………………………………………………………………………….……………… ………………………………………………………………………….………………… [1 markah/1 mark] (e) Antibiotik berkepekatan rendah kurang berkesan menghalang pertumbuhan bakteria. Berdasarkan Rajah 21, nyatakan pemerhatian yang boleh menyokong pernyataan tersebut. Low-concentration antibiotics are less effective in preventing bacterial growth. Based on Diagram 21, state the observation that can support the statement. …………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………. [1 markah/1 mark] 46
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 T5 BAB 2 22 Rajah 22 menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk menganggar nilai kalori dalam beberapa sampel makanan iaitu kacang tanah, mi dan roti putih. Diagram 22 shows an experiment to estimate the calorific value from peanut, noodles, and white bread. Rajah /Diagram 22 Sampel makanan (1 g) Food sample (1 g) Jisim air (g) Water mass (g) Perubahan suhu air ( ⁰C) Changes in water temperature ( ºC) Kacang tanah Ground nut 10 52 Mi Noodles 10 30 Roti putih White bread 10 22 Jadual/Table 22 (a) Nyatakan satu hipotesis bagi eksperimen ini. State one hypothesis for this experiment. …………………………………………………………………………………………... …………………………………………………………………………………………... [1 markah/1 mark] 47
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 (b) Berdasarkan eksperimen, nyatakan Based on the experiment, state (i) Faktor yang ditetapkan Factor that is fixed .…………………………………………………………………………………. (ii) [2 markah/2 marks Cara mengawalnya Way to control it .…………………………………………………………………………………. ] (c) Padankan jenis makanan dengan kelas zat makanan yang betul. Match the type of food with the correct class of food. Jenis makanan Type of food Kelas zat makanan Classes of food Nasi Rice Protein Protein Keju Cheese Karbohidrat Carbohydrates Ikan Fish Lemak Fat [1 markah/1 mark] (d) Cadangkan satu langkah berjaga-jaga yang boleh diambil untuk mendapatkan data yang lebih jitu. Suggest a precaution that can be taken to get more accurate data. …………………………………………………………………………………………... …………………………………………………………………………………………... [1 markah/1 mark] 48
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 23 Murid A menjalankan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan kekurangan nutrien ke atas pertumbuhan anak benih. Rajah 23 (a) menunjukkan keputusan yang diperolehi selepas lima hari. Murid A conducted an experiment to study the effects nutrient deficiency on seedling growth. Diagram 23 (a) show the results obtained after five days. Rajah/Diagram 23 (a) (a) (i) Nyatakan satu pemerhatian bagi eksperimen ini. State one observation for this experiment. ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………..……….. [1 markah/1 mark] (ii) Nyatakan satu inferens bagi jawapan anda di 23 (a)(i). State one inference for your answer in 23 (a)(i). ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] (b) Nyatakan pemboleh ubah yang ditetapkan dalam eksperimen ini. State the variable to be fixed in this experiment. ………………………………………………………………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] 49
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 (c) Berdasarkan eksperimen ini, nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi larutan kultur lengkap. Based on these experiments, state an operational definition of the complete culture solution. ……………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] (d) Rajah 23 (b) [1 markah/1 mark Murid B juga melakukan eksperimen yang sama seperti Murid A. Rajah 23 (b) menunjukkan keputusan yang di peroleh oleh Murid B selepas lima hari. Nyatakan kesilapan yang dilakukan oleh Murid B yang menyebabkan pemerhatian seperti dalam Rajah 23 (b). Student B also did the same experiment as student A. Diagram 23 (b) shows the results obtained after five days. State the mistake made by student B that caused the observation as in the Diagram 23 (b). ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… ] Anak benih Seedling Kapas Cotton Larutan kultur lengkap Complete culture solution 50
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 T5 BAB 3 24 Botol reagen Jadual 24 menunjukkan satu eksperimen yang dijalankan untuk menentukan tahap pencemaran air dalam tiga sampel air yang berlainan. 1 cm3 larutan metilena biru dimasukkan ke dalam setiap botol reagen. Kesemua botol reagen itu kemudiannya diletakkan di dalam almari yang gelap. Warna sampel air diperhatikan setiap 30 minit dan masa yang diambil untuk larutan metilena biru luntur dicatatkan. Table 24 shows an experiment carried out to determine the level of water pollution in three different water samples. 1 c m3 of methylene blue solution is added into each reagent bottle. All the reagent bottles are then placed in a dark cupboard. The colour of the water samples is observed every 30 minutes and the time taken for the methylene blue solution to decolourise is recorded. Regent bottle Sampel Air Water sample Masa yang diambil untuk warna larutan metilena biru luntur (minit) Time taken for the methylene blue solution to decolourise (minute) A Air Sungai River water 40 B Air paip Tap water 80 C Air longkang Drain water 25 Jadual/Table 24 (a) Berdasarkan keputusan dalam Jadual 24, Based on result in Table 24, (i) Nyatakan satu pemerhatian bagi eksperimen ini. State one observation for this experiment. ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] 51
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 (ii) Berikan satu inferens bagi jawapan bagi jawapan anda di 24(a)(i). Give one inference for your answer in 24(a)(i). ……………………….……………………………………………………………. ……………………….……………………………………………………………. [1 markah/1 mark] (b) Nyatakan satu cara bagaimana anda mengawal pemboleh ubah dimanipulasi dalam eksperimen ini. State one way on how you control the manipulated variable in this experiment. ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] (c) Nyatakan hubungan antara masa yang diambil untuk warna larutan metilena biru luntur dengan jumlah oksigen terlarut dalam sampel air. State the relationship between the time taken for the methylene solution to turn pale blue and the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water sample. ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] (d) Pada akhir eksperimen ini, dapat disimpulkan bahawa air longkang paling tercemar berbanding air sungai dan air paip. Dengan menggunakan maklumat dalam Jadual 24, nyatakan bagaimanakah anda boleh membuktikan bahawa kesimpulan tersebut adalah tepat. At the end of this experiment, it can be concluded that drain water is the most polluted compared to river water and tap water. Using the information in the Table 24, state how can you prove that the conclusion is correct. ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… [1 markah /1 mark] 52
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 25 Rajah 25 menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji tahap pencemaran air. Diagram 25 shows an experiment to study the level of water pollution. Rajah/ Diagram 25 Jadual 25 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen tersebut. Table 25 shows the results of the experiment Sampel Air Water sample Masa yang diambil untuk warna larutan metilena biru luntur (jam) Time taken for the methylene blue solution to decolourise (hour) Air tasik Lake water 2 Air suling Distilled water Warna larutan tidak luntur The solution does not decolourise Air sungai River water 1 Jadual/Table 25 (a) Berdasarkan eksperimen ini, Based on this experiment, (i) Tuliskan satu hipotesis. Write one hypothesis. ……………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………. [1 markah/ 1 mark] 53
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 (ii) Nyatakan pemboleh ubah dimalarkan. State constant variable. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… [1 markah/ 1 mark] (iii) Nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi tahap pencemaran air. State the operation definition of water pollution level. ……………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………. [1 markah/1 mark] (b) Nyatakan hubungan antara masa yang diambil untuk warna larutan metilena biru luntur dengan tahap pencemaran air. State the relationship between the time taken for the methylene solution to decolourise and water pollution level. …………….…………………………………………………..………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] (c) Larutan metilena biru akan kekal berwarna biru dalam sampel air yang kaya dengan oksigen terlarut. Berdasarkan keputusan eksperimen, jelaskan pemerhatian yang boleh menyokong pernyataan tersebut. A solution of methylene blue will be blue in water samples rich in dissolved oxygen. Based on the experimental results, explain the observations that can support the statement. ……………………….………………………………………..………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] 54
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 T5 BAB 4 26 Rajah 26.1 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk mengkaji faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas yang dijalankan oleh murid A. Diagram 26.1 shows an arrangement of the apparatus to study the factors that affect the rate of response carried out by student A. Rajah / Diagram 26.1 Keputusan yang diperoleh dicatat dalam Jadual 26.1 seperti di bawah. The results for Table 26.1 shown as below. Masa (s) Time (s) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 Isipadu gas yang terbebas (cm3 ) Volume of gas (cm3 ) 0.0 6.0 12.0 17.0 23.0 27.0 32.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 Jadual/ Table 26.1 (a) Berdasarkan Jadual 26.1, nyatakan pemerhatian anda daripada 20 saat hingga 120 saat. Based on Table 23.1, state your observations from 20 seconds to 120 seconds. ……………………………………………………………..……………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………….. [1 markah/1 mark] 55
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 (b) Berikan sebab berdasarkan pemerhatian di 26(a). Give a reason based on observation in 26(a). ……………………………………………………………..……………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………….. [1 markah/1 mark] (c) Berdasarkan Jadual 26.1, lukis graf isipadu gas yang terbebas melawan masa. Based on Table 26.1, draw a graph of the volume of gas liberated against time. [2 markah /2 marks] 56
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 (d) Murid B telah menjalankan eksperimen seperti Rajah 26.1 dan mencatat data seperti di Jadual 26.2. Student B carried out the experiment as shown in Diagram 26.1 and recorded the data as shown in Table 26.2 Masa (s) Time (s) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 Isi padu gas yang terbebas (cm3 ) Volume of gas (cm3 ) 0 8.5 15.5 21.0 26.8 31.5 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 Jadual/Table 26.2 Berdasarkan data yang diberikan pada Jadual 26.2 dengan berpandukan Rajah 26.1, nyatakan sebab mengapa keputusan yang diperoleh Murid B berbeza dengan data Murid A? Based on the data given in Table 26.2 based on Diagram 26.1, state the reason why the results obtained by Student B different from Student A's data? ……………………………………………………………..……………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………….. [1 markah /1 mark] 57
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 27 Rajah 27 menunjukkan satu eksperimen mengkaji kesan saiz marmar terhadap kadar tindak balas. Diagram 27 shows the experiment to study the effect of size of marble on the rate of reaction. Rajah/Diagram 27 Jadual 27.1 menunjukkan isipadu gas yang dikumpul bagi eksperimen yang menggunakan ketulan marmar. Table 27.1 shows the volume of gas collected for experiment using marble chips. Masa (saat) Time (seconds) 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 Isi padu gas (cm3 ) Volume of gas (cm3 ) 0 7 14 21 30 35 35 Jadual/Table 27.1 58
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 (a) (i) Berdasarkan Jadual 27.1, plotkan graf isipadu gas melawan masa. Based on Table 27.1, plot the graph of volume of gas against time. [2 markah /2 marks] (ii) Ukur isipadu gas yang terkumpul pada masa 72 s. Measure the volume of gas collected at 72 s. …………………………………………………………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] 59
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 (b) Eksperimen pada Rajah 27.1 diulang dengan menggantikan ketulan marmar dengan serbuk marmar. Rajah 27.2 menunjukkan lakaran graf keputusan isipadu gas melawan masa bagi kedua-dua eksperimen. The experiment in Diagram 27.1 is repeated by replacing the marble chips with marble powder. Diagram 27.2 shows a graph of the gas volume versus time results for both experiments. Rajah /Diagram 27.2 Berdasarkan Rajah 27.2, nyatakan kesimpulan yang diperolehi daripada kedua-dua eksperimen. Based on Diagram 27.2, state the conclusions obtained from the two experiments. ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] Petunjuk: Key: Eksperimen 1- Ketulan Marmar Experiment 1 – Marble chips Eksperimen 2 – serbuk marmar Experiment 2 - Marble powder 60
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 (c) Nyatakan satu langkah berjaga-jaga yang perlu diamalkan semasa menjalankan eksperimen ini. State one precaution need to while conducting this experiment. ………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] 61
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 28 Rajah 28.1 menunjukkan satu ekperimen yang dijalankan oleh seorang pelajar bagi mengkaji faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas antara larutan natrium tiosulfat 0.2 mol dm-3 dengan asid sulfurik 1 mol dlm-3 . Tindak balas selesai apabila tanda ‘X’ tidak kelihatan. Diagram 28.1 shows an experiment conducted by a student to study the factors that affect the rate of reaction between a solution of sodium thiosulphate 0.2 mol dm-3 and sulfuric acid 1 mol dm-3 . The reaction is complete when the 'X' mark is no longer visible. Suhu: 20 °C Temperature: 20 °C Rajah /Diagram 28.1 Rajah /Diagram 28.2 62
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 Keputusan eksperimen ini ditunjukkan dalam Jadual 28. The results for this experimen are shown in Table 28. Suhu (°C) Temperature (°C) 20 25 30 35 40 Masa untuk tanda ‘X’ tidak kelihatan (s) The taken until ‘X’ is no longer visible (s) 18 15 13 10 Jadual/ Table 28 (a) Nyatakan pembolehubah dimanipulasi dalam eksperimen ini. State manipulated variable in this experiment. ……………...........……………………………………………………………………….…… [1 markah/ 1 mark] (b) Berdasarkan Rajah 28.2, tuliskan bacaan jam randik di dalam ruang kosong yang disediakan. Based on Diagram 28.2, write the stopwatch reading in the space provided. [1 markah/1 mark] (c) Berdasarkan Jadual 28, nyatakan hubungan diantara suhu dengan masa untuk tanda ‘X’ tidak kelihatan. Based on Table 28, state the relationship between temperature and time taken for the ‘X’ mark is not visible. ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] (d) Ramalkan masa untuk tanda ‘X’ tidak kelihatan sekiranya suhu adalah 50 °C. Predict the time for the 'X' mark no longer visible if the temperature is 50 °C. ………………………………………………………………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] 63
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 (e) Semakin bertambah suhu, semakin tinggi kadar tindak balas. Berdasar Jadual 28, nyatakan alasan anda untuk membuktikan kesimpulan itu adalah tepat. The higher the temperature, the higher the rate of reaction. Based on Table 28, state your reason to prove the conclusion is correct. ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] 64
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 29 Rajah 29.1 menunjukkan satu susunan radas eksperimen tindak balas antara asid hidroklorik dengan serbuk magnesium. Masa tindak balas lengkap direkodkan. Diagram 29.1 shows an arrangement of experiment the reaction rate between hydrochloric acid and magnesium powder. Time taken of complete reaction is recorded. Rajah / Diagram 29.1 Keputusan eksperimen ditunjukkan dalam Jadual 29. The result of this experiment is shown in Table 29. Eksperimen Experiments I II III IV V Kepekatan asid hidroklorik (mol dm-3 ) Concentration of hydrocholic acid (mol dm-3 ) 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 Masa yang diambil untuk magnesium bertindak balas dengan lengkap (s) The time taken for magnesium to react completely (s) 16.5 20.0 25.0 33.3 50.0 (s-1 ) (s-1 ) 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 Jadual /Table 29 65
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 (a) Berdasarkan Rajah 29.1, nyatakan tujuan eksperimen ini. Based on Diagram 29.1, state the purpose of this eksperiment. …………………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………….………… [1 markah/1 mark] (b) (i) Nyatakan faktor yang berubah dalam eksperimen ini. State the factor that change in this experiment. …………………………………………………………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] (ii) [1 markah/1 mark Nyatakan cara mengawal pembolehubah di 29(b)(i). State how to control the variable in 29(b)(i). …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… ] (c) Berdasarkan eksperimen ini, tuliskan definasi secara operasi bagi kadar tindak balas. Based on this experiment, write an operational definition of the rate of reaction. ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] 66
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 (d) Rajah 29.2 menunjukkan susunan radas yang digunakan oleh Murid B untuk mengukur isi padu gas yang terkumpul. Diagram 29.2 shows the arrangement of an apparatus that used by Student B to measure the volume of collected gas. Rajah/Diagram 29.2 Pada akhir eksperimen, didapati tiada gas terkumpul di buret. Nyatakan sebab mengapakah berlakunya situasi tersebut. At the end of the experiment, it was found that no gas had accumulated in the burette. State the reason why did the situation occur. ……………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] 67
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 30 Rajah 30.1 menunjukkan satu ekperimen yang dijalankan oleh seorang pelajar untuk mengkaji kesan kepekatan larutan natrium tiosulfat terhadap kadar tindak balas. Diagram 30.1 shows an experiment conducted by a student to study the effect of concentration of sodium thiosulphate solution on the rate of reaction. Rajah /Diagram 30.1 Rajah 30.2 menunjukkan satu bacaan pada jam randik semasa membuat pemerhatian bagi larutan natrium tiosulfat 0.12 mol dm-3 . Diagram 30.2 shows a reading on stopwatch while doing an observation for 0.12 mol dm-3 sodium thiosulphate solution. Rajah/Diagram 30.2 68
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 (a) Berdasarkan Rajah 30.2, rekodkan bacaan jam randik dalam Jadual 30. Based on Diagram 30.2, record the stopwatch reading Table 30. Kepekatan larutan natrium tiosulfat (mol dm-3 ) Concentration of sodium thiosulphate solution (mol dm-3 ) 0.20 0.16 0.13 0.09 0.05 Masa yang diambil untuk tanda ‘X’ tidak kelihatan (s) The time taken for “X’ mark is not visible (s) 18 24 ........ 48 110 Jadual /Table 30 [1 markah/1 mark] (b) Nyatakan pemerhatian berdasarkan eksperimen ini. State observation from this experiment. …………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] (c) Nyatakan cara mengawal faktor yang ditetapkan dalam eksperimen ini. State how to control fixed factor in this experiment. …………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] (d) Ramalkan masa yang diambil untuk magnesium bertindak balas dengan lengkap sekiranya kepekatan asid hidroklorik adalah 0.18 mol dm-3 . Predict the time taken for magnesium to react completely if the concentration of hydrochloric acid is 0.18 mol dm-3 . …………………………………………………………………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] 69
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 (e) Berdasarkan Jadual 30, mengapakah kesimpulan awal ini boleh diterima? Based on Table 30, why is this initial conclusion can be accepted? …………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] Semakin meningkat kepekatan bahan, semakin tinggi kadar tindak balas. The higher the concentration of substance, the higher the rate of reaction. 70
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 31 Rajah 31.1 dan 31.2 menunjukkan ekperimen yang dijalankan oleh seorang pelajar untuk mengkaji kadar tindak balas. Diagram 31.1 and 31.2 shows experiments conducted by a student to study the effect on the rate of reaction. Eksperimen/ Experiment I Rajah / Diagram 31.1 Eksperimen/ Experiment II Rajah/Diagram 31.2 71
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 Hasil keputusan eksperimen I dan II adalah seperti Rajah 31.3 The results for experiment I and II are shown as Diagram 31.3 Rajah/Diagram 31.3 (a) Berdasarkan Rajah 31.1 dan 31.2, Based on Diagram 31.1 and 31.2, (i) Nyatakan faktor yang dimanipulasi dalam eksperimen ini. State the manipulated factor in this experiment. ……………...........……………………………..……………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] (ii) Nyatakan cara mengawal faktor yang dinyatakan di 31 (a)(i). State how to control factor that stated in 31 (a)(i). ……………...........……………………..……………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] (b) Nyatakan pemerhatian pada Rajah 31.3. State observation for Diagram 31.3. …………………………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………. [1 markah/1 mark] 72
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 (c) Ramalkan isi padu gas yang terkumpul pada masa 180 saat bagi Rajah 31.1. Predict the volume of gas collected in 180 seconds for Diagram 31.1. ……...........…………………………………………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] (d) Berdasarkan Rajah 31.3, mengapakah kesimpulan awal ini boleh diterima? Based on Diagram 31.3, why is this initial conclusion can be accepted? ……………...........……………………………………………………………… ……...........……………………………………………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] Kehadiran mangkin mempercepatkan tindak balas. The presence of a catalyst speeds up the reaction. 73
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 32 Rajah 32.1 dan 32.2 menunjukkan menunjukkan ekperimen yang dijalankan oleh seorang pelajar untuk mengkaji kesan kehadiran mangkin terhadap kadar tindak balas. Diagram 32.1 and 32.2 shows experiments conducted by a student to study the effect of presence of a catalyst on the rate of reaction. Experimen / Experiment I Rajah / Diagram 32.1 Experimen/Experiment II Rajah /Diagram 32.2 74
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 Hasil keputusan eksperimen bagi Experimen I dan II adalah seperti Jadual 32. The results for experiment I and II are shown as Table 32. Campuran dalam kelalang kon Mix in a conical flask Masa yang diambil untuk mengumpul 30.00 cm3 gas (s) Time taken to collect 30.00 cm3 of gas (s) Ketulan zink dan asid hidroklorik cair Zinc chips and dilute hydrocholic acid 60 Ketulan zink, asid hidroklorik cair dan larutan kuprum (ii) sulfat Zinc chips, dilute hydrocholic acid and copper (II) sulfate solution 120 Jadual/Table 32 (a) Berdasarkan Rajah 32.1 dan 32.2, Based on Diagram 32.1 and 32.2, (i) Nyatakan faktor yang bergerak balas dalam eksperimen ini. State the responding factor in this experiment. ……………...........……………………………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] (ii) Nyatakan faktor yang berubah dalam eksperimen ini. State the factor that change in this experiment. ……………...........……………………………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] (b) Nyatakan satu hipotesis bagi eksperimen ini. State one hypothesis for this experiment. ……………...........……………………………………………………………………… ……...........……………………………………………………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] 75
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 (c) Berdasarkan Jadual 32, nyatakan hubungan antara kehadiran mangkin dengan masa yang diambil untuk mengumpul 30.00 cm3 gas. Based on Table 32, state the relationship between the present of catalyst and time taken to collect 30.00 cm3 of gas ……...........……………………………………………………………………………… ……...........……………………………………………………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] (d) Rajah 32.3 menunjukkan susunan radas yang digunakan oleh seorang murid untuk mengukur isi padu gas yang terkumpul seperti Rajah 32.2. Diagram 32.3 shows the arrangement of an apparatus used by a student to measure the volume of collected gas as Diagram 32.2. Rajah/ Diagram 32.3 Pada akhir eksperimen, keputusan menunjukkan tiada gas dikumpulkan di dalam buret. Mengapakah berlakunya situasi ini? At the end of experiment, result shows that no gas collected in the burette. Why does this situation occur? ……………...........……………………………………………………………………… ……...........……………………………………………………………………………… [1 markah/1 mark] 76
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 T5 BAB 5 33 Rajah 33.1 dan Rajah 33.2 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi eksperimen untuk mengkaji proses penapaian. Diagram 33.1 and Diagram 33.2 show the arrangement of the apparatus for the experiment to study the fermentation process. Rajah/Diagram 33.1 (a) Rajah/Diagram 33.2 Nyatakan inferens berdasarkan pemerhatian pada Rajah 33.1 State the inference based on observation in Diagram 33.1 …………………………………………………………………………………….…… …………………………………………………………………………………….…… [1 markah/1 mark] 77
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 (b) Nyatakan faktor yang diubah dalam eksperimen ini. State the changed of factor in this experiment. …………………………………………………………………………………….…… …………………………………………………………………………………….…… [1 markah/1 mark] (c) Ramalkan apa yang berlaku jika bahan dalam Rajah 33.1 dipanaskan sebelum eksperimen. Predict what happens if the substance in Diagram 33.1 is heated before the experiment. …………………………………………………………………………………….…… …………………………………………………………………………………….…… [1 markah/1 mark] (d) Berdasarkan eksperimen ini, nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi yis. Based on this experiment, state the operational definition of yeast. …………………………………………………………………………………….…… …………………………………………………………………………………….…… [1 markah/1 mark] (e) Etanol tidak akan terhasil tanpa kehadiran yis. Berdasarkan Rajah 33.2, nyatakan pemerhatian yang menyokong pernyataan ini. Ethanol cannot be produced without the presence of yeast. Based on Diagram 33.2, state the observation that support this statement. …………………………………………………………………………………….…… …………………………………………………………………………………….…… [1 markah/1 mark] 78
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 34 Rajah 34.1 menunjukkkan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji proses penapaian oleh yis. Diagram 34.1 shows an experiment to study fermentation process by yeast. Rajah/Diagram 34.1 (a) Berdasarkan Rajah 34.1, nyatakan satu pemerhatian. Based on Diagram 34.1, state one observation. …………………………………………………………………………………….…….. …………………………………………………………………………………….…….. [1 markah/1 mark] (b) Nyatakan satu inferens bagi 34 (a). State one inference in 34 (a). …………………………………………………………………………………….…….. …………………………………………………………………………………….…….. [1 markah/1 mark] Salur penghantar Delivery tube Silinder penyukat Measuring cylinder Air Water Kelalang kon Conical flask Glukosa + yis Glucose + yeast 79
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 (c) Rajah 34.2 menunjukkan silinder penyukat diambil daripada Rajah 34.1. Diagram 34.2 shows the measuring cylinder taken from Diagram 34.1. Rajah /Diagram 34.2 Berdasarkan Rajah 34.2, tuliskan bacaan silinder penyukat. Based on Diagram 34.2, write down the measuring cylinder reading. ….…………………. ml. [1 markah/1 mark] (d) Berdasarkan ekperimen ini, nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi penapaian. Based on this experiment, state the operational definition of fermentation. …………………………………………………………………………………….…….. …………………………………………………………………………………….…….. [1 markah/1 mark] (e) Seorang murid menggunakan jus anggur bertindak balas dengan yis. Gas yang terbebas dari tindak balas itu mengeruhkan air kapur. Nyatakan sebab bagi pemerhatian ini. A student uses grape juice to react with yeast. The gases released from the reaction cloud the lime water. State the reason for this observation. …………………………………………………………………………………….…….. …………………………………………………………………………………….…….. [1 markah/1 mark] 80
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 T5 BAB 6 35 Rajah 35.1 dan Rajah 35.2 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen untuk mengkaji hubungan antara pasangan logam terhadap penghasilan tenaga elektrik. Diagram 35.1 and Diagram 35.2 show the results of experiment to study the relationship between metal pairs on the production of electrical energy. Rajah / Diagram 35.1 Rajah / Diagram 35.2 (a) Berdasarkan Rajah 35.2, nyatakan bacaan voltmeter. Based on Diagram 35.2, state the voltmeter reading. ………………………………V [1 markah/1 mark] 81
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 (b) Nyatakan satu pemboleh ubah dimanipulasikan dalam eksperimen ini. State one manipulated variable in this experiment. …………………………………………………………………………………….…….. [1 markah/1 mark] (c) Ramalkan bacaan voltmeter apabila logam magnesium digantikan dengan logam aluminium. Predict the voltmeter reading when magnesium metal is replaced with aluminium metal. ………………………………V [1 markah/1 mark] (d) Nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi penghasilan tenaga elektrik. State the operational definition for production of electrical energy. …………………………………………………………………………………….…….. [1 markah/1 mark] (e) Seorang murid telah menggantikan larutan natrium klorida dengan jus oren. Jelaskan bagaimana kaedah ini boleh memesongkan jarum voltmeter. A student has replaced the orange juice with sodium chloride solution. Explain how this method can deflect the voltmeter. …………………………………………………………………………………….…….. …………………………………………………………………………………….…….. [1 markah/1 mark] 82
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 36 Rajah 36 menunjukkan eksperimen untuk mengkaji elektrolisis plumbum (II) bromida. Diagram 36 shows an experiment to study electrolysis of lead (II) bromide. Rajah/ Diagram 36.1 Rajah/ Diagram 36.2 (a) (i) Berdasarkan Rajah 36.2, nyatakan pemerhatian pada mentol. Based on Diagram 36.2, state your observation on the bulb. ……………………………................................................................................ ……………………………................................................................................ [1 markah/1 mark] 83
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 (ii) Nyatakan satu inferens berdasarkan jawapan di 36 (a) (i). State one inference for this experiment based on answer at 36 (a) (i). ……………………………................................................................................ ……………………………................................................................................ [1 markah/1 mark] (b) Nyatakan faktor yang diubah dalam eksperimen ini. State the factor that is changed in this experiment. ………………….............................................................................................. [1 markah/1 mark] (c) [1 markah/1 mark Plumbum(II) bromida ialah sebatian ion. Nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi sebatian ion. Lead(II) bromide is an ionic compound. State the operational definition for ionic compound. ………………….............................................................................................. ………………….............................................................................................. ] (d) Seorang murid telah mengaplikasikan konsep sel kimia tersebut dengan menggunakan jus limau sebagai elektrolit. Jelaskan bagaimana kaedah ini boleh menyalakan sebiji mentol tersebut. A student has applied the concept of chemical cell by using lime juice as the electrolyte. State how can this method light up the bulb. ………………….......................................................................................................... ………………….......................................................................................................... [1 markah/1 mark] 84
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 T5 BAB 7 37 Rajah 37.1 dan Rajah 37.2 menunjukkan eksperimen untuk mengkaji pembentukan imej oleh kanta cekung dan kanta cembung. Diagram 37.1 and Diagram 37.2 show an experiment to study the image formation by concave lens and convex lens. Rajah/Diagram 37.1 Rajah/Diagram 37.2 (a) Lengkapkan rajah sinar pada Rajah 37.1 untuk menunjukkan pembentukan imej oleh kanta cekung. Complete ray diagram in Diagram 37.1 to show the image formation by concave lens. [2 markah/2 marks] (b) Berdasarkan Rajah 37.2, ukur dan tulis jarak imej. Based on Diagram 37.2, measure and write the image distance. ………………………………… cm [1 markah/1 mark] 85
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 (c) Nyatakan pemboleh ubah dimanipulasikan dalam eksperimen ini. State the manipulated variable in this experiment. …………………………………………………………………………………............... [1 markah/1 mark] (d) Kanta cekung akan menghasilkan imej maya. Berdasarkan keputusan eksperimen, nyatakan pemerhatian yang boleh menyokong pernyataan tersebut. convex lens will produce a real image. Based on the results of the experiment, state the observation that supports the statement. …………………..................................................................................................... …………………..................................................................................................... [1 markah/1 mark] 86
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 38 Rajah 38.1 dan Rajah 38.2 menunjukkan gambarajah sinar bagi dua kanta dengan kedudukan objek yang berbeza. Diagram 38.1 and Diagram 38.2 show ray diagram for two lenses with different object positions. Rajah/Diagram 38.1 Rajah / Diagram 38.2 (a) Ukur saiz imej pada rajah 38.1. Measure the size of the image in Diagram 38.1. ………………………………cm [1 markah/1 mark] 87
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 (b) (i) Nyatakan satu pemerhatian bagi saiz imej bagi rajah 38.2. State one observation for the size of the image of Diagram 38.2. …………………………………………………………………………………............... [1 markah/1 mark] (ii) Nyatakan hubungan antara jarak objek dengan saiz imej. State the relationship between distance of object and size of image. …………………………………………………………………………………............... [1 markah/1 mark] (c) Ramalkan saiz imej sekiranya kedudukan objek adalah 2F. Predict the size of the image if the position of the object ia at 2F. …………………………………………………………………………………............... [1 markah/1 mark] (d) Kanta cekung juga dikenali sebagai kanta pencapah. Berdasarkan gambarajah sinar dalam Rajah 38.1 dan Rajah 38.2, jelaskan pernyataan tersebut. A concave lens is also known as a diverging lens. Based on the ray diagram in Diagram 38.1 and Diagram 38.2, explain the statement. …………………..................................................................................................... …………………..................................................................................................... [1 markah/1 mark] 88
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 T5 BAB 8 39 Rajah 39 menunjukkan eksperimen untuk mengkaji Prinsip Bernoulli. Diagram 39 shows an experiment to study the Bernoulli’s Principle. Rajah/ Diagram 39 (a) (i) Nyatakan satu pemerhatian bagi eksperimen ini. State one observation for this experiment. ………………….............................................................................................. ………………….............................................................................................. [1 markah/1 mark] (ii) Nyatakan satu inferens bagi jawapan anda di 39(a)(i). State one inference for your answer in 39(a)(i). ………………….............................................................................................. ………………….............................................................................................. [1 markah/1 mark] (b) Nyatakan satu pemboleh ubah bergerak balas dalam eksperimen ini. State one responding variable in this experiment. …………………………………………………………………………………............... [1 markah/1 mark] 89
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 (c) Berdasarkan eksperimen ini, nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi Prinsip Bernoulli. Based on this experiment, state the operational definition for Bernoulli’s Principle. …………………..................................................................................................... …………………..................................................................................................... [1 markah/1 mark] (d) Berdasarkan Rajah 39, jelaskan mengapa kesimpulan awal ini boleh diterima. Based on Diagram 39, explain why this initial conclusion can be accepted. …………………..................................................................................................... …………………..................................................................................................... [1 markah/1 mark] Semakin bertambah halaju air, semakin berkurang tekanan The higher the velocity of water, the lower the pressure 90
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 40 Rajah 40 menunjukkan aras air yang dihasilkan pada Tiub Venturi. Diagram 40 shows the water level produced in Venturi Tube. Rajah/ Diagram 40 (a) (a) Nyatakan satu inferens bagi eksperimen ini. State one inference for this experiment. …………………..................................................................................................... …………………..................................................................................................... [1 markah/1 mark] (b) Berdasarkan eksperimen, nyatakan Based on the experiment, state (i) Faktor yang berbeza. Factor that changed. ………………….............................................................................................. [1 markah/1 mark] (ii) Faktor yang ditetapkan. Factor that fixed. ………………….............................................................................................. [1 markah/1 mark] 91
Modul K@MPoI Sains_v2023 (c) Berdasarkan eksperimen ini, nyatakan hubungan antara halaju bendalir dengan tekanan. Based on this experiment, state the relationship between velocity of fluid and pressure. …………………..................................................................................................... …………………..................................................................................................... [1 markah/1 mark] (d) Rajah/ Diagram 40 (b) Rajah 40 (b) menunjukkan tiub venturi yang ditutup klip dan dibiarkan tiub berisi dengan air. Pemerhatian mendapati paras air adalah sama. Nyatakan sebab dari pemerhatian ini. Diagram 40 (b) shows a venturi tube that is closed with a clip and left to fill the tube with water. Observation found that the water level is the same. State the reason for this observation. …………………..................................................................................................... …………………..................................................................................................... [1 markah/1 mark] 92
SCIENCE K @ M P O I SPM 2023 JABATAN PENDIDIKAN NEGERI KEDAH EKSPERIMEN NOTA B E R F O K U S
1 - 10 Nota Eksperimen Tingkatan 4 KANDUNGAN Nota Eksperimen Tingkatan 5 11 - 26 27 - 29 Contoh Soalan dan Jawapan Tingkatan 4 Contoh Soalan dan Jawapan Tingkatan 5 30 - 33 34 - 43 Uji Minda K@MPOI SAINS SPM KEDAH 2023