1 POCKET BUSINESS DICTIONARY
2 COMPILED BY MUHAMMAD AKRAM (1811151) VALIDATED BY RISKI ZULKARNAIN, S.PD.,M.PD
3 WELCOME STATEMENT Language is important means for human communication. It is used to make an interaction with other people in society and also it is used to express emotion, feeling, and opinion within the language. Vocabulary has an important role in all aspects of language skills. Someone cannot express his idea without has enough vocabulary. English has rapidly become the global language of business and international communication, and most of the English used in the world today is not used by native speakers. This dictionary gives extra help with understanding and producing
4 clear, natural business English, whether written or spoken. The definitions are written in plain language, thus ensuring that you don’t not also have to look up the definition of the words used in the definition. It gives several examples from real business texts, clearly presented information about grammar and there is a strong emphasis on collocation (words that combine naturally with other words). Focus on vocabulary boxes give additional information about near synonym and theme related vocabulary, helping you make the right word choice every time. Business English is an area of English that is fast moving, reflecting as it does up to the minute concept and events in the ever changing word of business and the public sphere as well as advances in technology and their business applications.
5 When thinking about business the first thing that comes to many minds is the world of high finance, the stock market, and buying and selling. Of course these are all hugely important areas that are thoroughly covered in this dictionary, but we found that the idea of business when much further than that, from economic system and theories to the kind of equipment and technology you might use in the office from politics and global economics forums to the internet and the environment. It almost began to seem that there were really very few areas of life that business did not touch upon in one way or another. We also needed to find out what business words and phrases people wanted to know. First of all we analyzed what words and expression were most frequently looked up on internet search engines. As
6 expected, many of these were indeed business related, especially new words or those that had recently become prominent. Secondly, we analyzed our own business corpus a database comprising 210 million words from written business source as well as 9 million words of spoken business English from CANBEC (Cambridge and Nottingham business English corpus) collected from recordings of spoken English in a work and business environment. By carrying out a comparison of frequency of words in these corpora relative to frequency in the general Cambridge English corpus, we could identify which words were most likely to be encountered in business contexts. Lastly we carried out an old fashioned reading and marking programming, closely reading business texts both in print and online to pick up on
7 those words that were newest to the language. This pocket dictionary is dedicated especially to readers who eagerly seek pedagogical applications of business in the practice of teaching English for specific purposes (ESP), including English for academic purposes (EAP) as well as English for occupational purposes (EOP). It’s clear division into three parts, referring to these purposes, enables readers to easily find chapters concerning the subject of their interest. It is a precious source of multiple suggestions and guidelines supported by unique case studies for practitioners to understand the pedagogical principles proposed by scholars and educators. It can easily constitute a good foundation for readers who want to begin their ‘adventure’ with the use of business in their practice and to
8 understand better the interrelationships and the relations between learners and teachers as instructors or facilitators. In the end of the words, I appreciate to all students who has contributed to complete this project. This pocket dictionary hopes contributes significantly to the field of practice of teaching ESP and helps to cultivate the idea of the autonomous foreign language learner. Riski Zulkarnain, S.Pd.,M.Pd
9 FOREWORD Praise be to the presence of Allah subhanahu wa ta´ala who has bestowed guidance, taufik, and inayah to all of us. So that you can live this life according to your pleasure. Thank God, we were able to complete our semester assignments between business English courses. Sholawat and greetings may continue to be bestowed on our lord the prophet Muhammad shalalaahu alaihi wassalam, because he is one or the figures of the people who are able to give intercession later on the Day of Judgment. I would like to thank Mr. Riski Zulkarnain, S.Pd., M.Pd as a lecturer in the English course who has guided me. I apologize profusely if in this writing there are many mistakes in it. We realize that there are
10 still many shortcomings and limitations. Therefore, I hope for suggestions and constructive criticism, hopefully this can be useful for writers in general and especially for readers.
11 TABLE OF CONTENTS COMPILED BY .....................................2 FOREWORD.........................................9 Alphabet A.........................................14 Alphabet B.........................................24 Alphabet C.........................................33 Alphabet D.........................................43 Alphabet E.........................................60 Alphabet F.........................................69 Alphabet G.........................................80 Alphabet H ........................................93 Alphabet I.......................................100
12 Alphabet J.......................................117 Alphabet K.......................................135 Alphabet L.......................................141 Alphabet M......................................148 Alphabet N ......................................156 Alphabet O.......................................165 Alphabet P.......................................172 Alphabet Q.......................................189 Alphabet R.......................................201 Alphabet S .......................................214 Alphabet T.......................................225 Alphabet U.......................................242 Alphabet V.......................................259
13 Alphabet W......................................273 Alphabet Y.......................................289 Alphabet Z.......................................292 REFERENCE ....................................294 CONCLUSION ..................................295
14 Alphabet A “A true friend is one who see a fault, gives you advice and who defends you in your absence”
15 1. Advantage : keuntungan 2. Advertisement : iklan 3. Advice : nasihat 4. Agenda : agenda 5. Apology : permintaan maaf 6. Authorization : otorisasi 7. Accountant : akuntan 8. Accounting : akuntansi 9. Ads : iklan 10. Advertise : mengiklankan
16 11. Affordable : terjangakau 12. Agreement : persetujuan 13. Arbitration : arbitrase 14.Abandoned : Terlantar 15.Absurd : Konyol 16.Accurate : Tepat 17.Amazing : Menakjubkan 18.Ambiguous : Ambigu 19.Amused : Terhibur 20.Ancient : Kuno
17 21.Angry : Marah 22.Annoying : Menjengkelkan 23.Anxious : Gelisah 24.Arrogant : Sombong 25.Ashamed : Malu 26.Awesome : Mengagumkan 27.Awful : Mengerikan 28.Authentic : Asli 29.Awkward : Canggung 30.Anguished : Sedih
18 31.Animated : Bersemangat, Mengasyikkan 32.Annual : Tahunan 33.Another : Yang Lain 34.Apprehensive : Gelisah 35.Appropriate : Sesuai 36.Apt : Tepat, Cocok 37.Abort :Gugurkan 38.Access :Akses 39.Access Manage :Manajemen Akses
19 40.Access Unit :Unit Akses 41.Account :AkunRekening 42.Action Button :Tombol Tindak, Tombol Aksi 43.Action Setting :Penataan Tindak, Penataan Aksi 44.Active Desktop :Destop Aktif 45.Add-Ins :Tertambah 46.Address :Alamat 47.Address Book :Buku Alamat
20 48.Administration :Administrasi 49.Administration :Ranah Administrasi 50.Advisory System: Sistem Penasihat 51.Affirmation :Penegasan 52.Agenda :Agenda 53.Algorithm :Algoritma 54.Alias :Alias 55.Align Left :Rata Kiri 56.Align Right :Rata Kanan
21 57.Alignment :Perataan 58.Alternate :Silih 59.Alternate Recipi:Penerima Pilihan 60.Animation :Animasi 61.Anonymous :Penyurat-Balik Anonim 62.Append :Bubuh 63.Application :Aplikasi 64.Apply :Terapkan 65.Apply Design :Desain Terapan
22 66.Arrange :Susun 67.Array :Larik 68.Ascending :Menanjak, Urut Naik 69.Attribute :Atribut 70.Auto Clip Art :Gambar Klip Otomatis 71.Auto-Correct :Pembetulan Otomatis, Otokoreksi 72.Auto-Forward :Maju Otomatis
23 73.Auto-Replay :Putar Ulang Otomatis 74.Auto-Reply :Balasan Otomatis 75.Autofit :Otofit 76.Autoformat :Format Otomatis, Otoformat 77.Automatic Learn: Pemelajaran Otomatis 78.Autoshapes :Bentuk Otomatis 79.Autosum :Total Otomatis; Jumlah Otomatis
24 Alphabet B “Better three hours too soon than a minute too late”
25 1. Benefits : Keuntungan 2. Board of directors : Dewan direksi 3. Bond : Obligasi 4. Bonus : Kompensasi yang didapat dalam bentuk upah / gaji tambahan 5. Bookkeeping : Pembukuan 6. Borrow : Meminjam 7. Break even : Pulang pokok 8. Briefcase : Koper, tas kerja
26 9. Budget : Dana 10.Business : Bisnis 11. Business card : Kartu nama identitas 12. Buy : Membeli 13. Buyer : Pembeli 14. Bill : tagihan 15. Brand : merek 16. Budget : anggaran belajan 17.Basic : Dasar
27 18.Better : Lebih Baik 19.Best : Terbaik 20.Bewildered : Bingung 21.Big : Besar 22.Bitter : Pahit 23.Blank : Kosong 24.Blissful : Penuh Kebahagiaan 25.Bizarre : Aneh 26.Bold : Berani
28 27.Boring : Membosankan 28.Bossy : Suka Merintah 29.Boundless : Tanpa Batas 30.Brave : Berani 31.Bright : Terang 32.Brief : Singkat 33.Broad : Luas 34.Bumpy : Bergelombang 35.Barren : Tandus 36.Belated : Terlambat
29 37.Beneficial : Bermanfaat 38.Big-Hearted : Luhur 39.babyish :keanak-anakan 40.bad :buruk 41.back :kembali 42.baggy :longgar 43.basic :dasar 44.belated :terlambat 45.beneficial :bermanfaat 46.best :terbaik
30 47.bewitched :terpesona 48.big :besar 49.big-hearted :luhur 50.bland :lunak 51.blank :kosong 52.blaring :menggelegar 53.bleak :suram 54.bogus :palsu 55.bold :berani 56.bony :kurus
31 57.boring :membosankan 58.bossy :suka merintah 59.both :keduanya 60.bouncy :goyang 61.bountiful :dermawan 62.bowed :tertunduk 63.brave :berani 64.breakable :yg lekas pecah 65.brief :singkat 66.brilliant :cemerlang
32 67.brisk :cepat 68.broken :rusak 69.bronze :dari perunggu 70.bruised :memar 71.bulky :tebal 72. buoyant :ringan 73. burdensome :berat 74. bustling :ribut 75. busy :sibuk
33 Alphabet C “Count your age by friends not years, count your life by smiles, not tears”
34 1. Calculate :Menghitung 2. Capital :Modal 3. Capitalist : Seseorang yang mempraktikan dan mendukung paham kapitalisme 4. Career : Karir 5. Chairman : Ketua, Kepala 6. Chairwoman : Ketua , Kepala (Perempuan) 7. Clause : Klausul
35 8. Client :Klien, nasabah, relasi, penerima jasa 9. Collateral : Jaminan 10.Commerce : Perdagangan 11.Commercial : Bersifat dapat diperdagangkan 12.Commission : Komisi 13.Commodity : Komoditas 14.Company : Perusahaan 15.Competition : Persaingan
36 16.Consumer :Konsumen 17.Contract :Kontrak 18.Copyright :Hak cipta 19.Corporate :Perusahaan 20.Corporation :Yang berhubungan dengan perusahan 21.Cost : Biaya 22.Coupon : Kupon 23.Credit : Kredit
37 24.Credit card : Kartu kredit 25.Cubicle :Bilik area kerja dalam satu ruangan di perusahaan 26.Currency : Nilai tukar, kurs 27.Customer : Pelanggan 28.Creditor : kreditor 29.Compirmation : konfirmasi 30.Comparison : perbandingan 31.Candid : Jujur
38 32.Carefree : Riang 33.Careful : Cermat 34.Careless : Ceroboh 35.Caring : Peduli 36.Cautious : Waspada 37.Charming : Menawan 38.Cheap : Murah 39.Childish : Kekanakan 40.Chilly : Dingin 41.Classy : Berkelas
39 42.Clean :Bersih 43.Clear :Jelas 44.Lever :Cerdas 45.Cloudy :Berawan 46.Clueless :Tidak Berpengetahuan 47.Clumsy : Ceroboh 48.Cold : Dingin 49.Colorful : Warna-Warni 50.Comfortable : Nyaman
40 51.Common : Umum 52.Complete : Lengkap 53.Complicated : Rumit 54.Crazy : Gila 55.Creamy : Lembut 56.Curly : Keriting 57.Calculating : Menghitung 58.Capital : Besar 59.Complex : Kompleks
41 60.Composed : Tersusun, Tenang, Sabar 61.Confident : Percaya Diri 62.Concerned : Prihatin 63.Considerate : Penuh Perhatian 64.Conventional : Konvensional 65.Cooked : Matang 66.Cool : Keren 67.Cooperative : Koperatif 68.Coordinated : Dikoordinasikan
42 69.Corny : Dangkal 70.Curvy : Banyak Lengkungan 71.Crushing : Yg Menghancurkan 72.Curious : Penasaran 73.Curved : Lengkung
43 Alphabet D “Do your best at every oppurnity that you have”
44 1. Deadline :Tenggat waktu 2. Deal :Kesepakatan 3. Debit :Debet 4. Debt :hutang 5. Debtor : denitur 6. Decision keputusan 7. decrease :mengurangi 8. Deflation :Deflasi 9. Defecit :defisit 10.Delivery :pengiriman
45 11.Demand : Permintaan 12.Department : Bagian kerja / unit kerja dalam satu organisasi 13.Director : Direktur 14.Discount :Diskon, potongan harga 15.Dismiss :Memberhentikan 16.Distribution :Distribusi 17.Diversify :Diversifikasi, kegiatan yang memberikan
46 perbedaan antara satu hal dengan lainnya 18.Dividend :Dividen, keuntungan dari penanaman saham 19.Down payment : Uang muka 20.Download : Mengunduh 21.Duty : Tugas, kewajiban 22.Dangerous :Berbahaya 23.Deep : Dalam
47 24.Defensive : Defensif 25.Delightful : Menyenangkan 26.Dependent : Tergantung 27.Descriptive : Deskriptif 28.Devilish : Jahat 29.Different : Berbeda 30.Difficult : Sulit 31.Dilligent : Rajin 32.Disappointed : Kecewa 33.Disguised : Disamarkan
48 34.Doubtful : Ragu 35.Dizzy : Pusing 36.Dramatic : Dramatis 37.Dry : Kering 38.Dual : Rangkap, Dualis 39.Dull : Membosankan, Kusam 40.Dynamic : Dinamis 41.Double : Dua Kali Lipat 42.Distant : Jauh
49 43.Degree : Gelar 44.Delay : Menunda 45.Dentist : Dokter gigi 46.Desk : Meja 47.Destroy : Menghancurkan 48.Develop : Mengembangkan 49.Diamond : Berlian 50.Dictionary : Kamus 51.Different : Berbeda 52.Discover : Menemukan
50 53.Distance : Jarak 54.Doctor : Dokter 55.Dollar : Dolar 56.Door : Pintu 57.Double : Ganda 58.Down : Turun 59.Draw : Menggambar 60.Dream : Mimpi 61.Dress : Gaun 62.Drive : Mengemudi