Course Learning Outcome (CLO) Upon completion of this course, students should be able to:- CLO 1 : Apply basic concept of Community Based Tourism (CBT) in the tourism industry planning development ( C3, PLO 2) CLO 2 : Organise resourcefully Community Based Tourism (CBT) development programme for the local community ( P4 , PLO 5) CLO 3 : Demonstrate suitable knowledge of leadership and responsibilities skills in Community Based Tourism (CBT) development effectively ( A3 , PLO 6 )
STEP BY STEPAPPROACH HOWTO DEVELOPAND SUSTAIN COMMUNITYBASED TOURISM
WHATIS COMMUNITY BASED TOURISM ? Community development tool that strengthens the ability of rural communities to manage tourism resources while ensuring the local community’s participation. A poverty reduction tool. Long-term approach. Generating income Diversifying the local economy Preserving culture Conserving the environment Providing educational opportunities Recapitulate
Steps For Sustainable CBT Development Process
SECTION A : How to Develop Step 1 - Assess community needs and readiness fortourism Step 2 - Educate and prepare the community for tourism Step 3 - Identify and establish leadership / local champion Step 4 - Prepare and develop community organisation SECTION B: How to Sustain Step 5 - Develop partnerships Step 6 - Adopt an integrated approach Step 7 - Plan and design quality products Step 8 - Identify market demand and develop marketing strategy Step 9 - Implement and monitor performance
STEP1 ASSESS COMMUNITYNEEDSAND READINESS FOR TOURISM
ACTION 1 ASKING THE RIGHTQUESTIONS • What is the community’s current source of livelihood? • What is their current socio-economic condition? (level of employment, average income, incidence of poverty). • What are the long term prospects of their current source of livelihood? (opportunities and threats). • Are they happy with their current socio-economic condition? • Do they want change?
ACTION 1 WHY TOURISM ? • Why not the other economic sectors? • With little prior knowledge about tourism, local communities are surprisingly accommodating, in the hope that tourism would bring in better economic benefits. • Their positive although naive view of tourism is largely influenced by outsiders (government officials and NGOs).
ACTION 2 DETERMINING THE ROLE OFTOURISM
ROLE 1 TOURISMAS ANALTERNATIVEAND LUCRATIVE SOURCE OF LIVELIHOOD ANDINCOME Wildlife Tourism (Whale Watching) Industry at Kaikoura, New Zealand
ROLE 2 TOURISMAS ATOOL TO JUSTIFY CONSERVATION EFFORTS Preservation of Sundanese Art by Saung Angklung Udjo (SAU), Bandung, Indonesia
ROLE 3 TOURISMASA“TRAINING GROUND” FOR FUTURE PARTICIPATION IN OTHER ECONOMIC SECTORS MESCOT, the CBT initiator at Kg. Batu Puteh has worked with the Sabah Forestry Department (SFD) for more than 10 years, in supporting of the protection and conservation of the Supu Forest Reserve. Before After
ACTION 3 CARRYING OUTA SITUATIONALANALYSIS 1. What does the community expect to gain from CBT? a) Increased income b) Employment opportunities c) Upgrade the quality of life style d) Complement the current physical development 2. Determine Community Values, Attitudes, Aspiration and Concerns a) Pride in community b) Conserve local culture c) Sense of ownership 3. Identify the Labour Force Needs For Tourism a) Level of education b) Previous occupation c) Current occupation d) Special skills OUTPUT : THE COMMUNITY’S LEVEL OF READINESS FOR TOURISM a) Resources (culture/heritage/nature/coastal) b) Community attitude c) Special skills d) Available capital e) Indigenous
STEP2 EDUCATEAND PREPARE THE COMMUNITYFOR TOURISM
ACTION1 CONDUCT PRELIMINARY WORKSHOPS 1. Identifying potential tourism activities to be developed and promoted The form of a BRAIN STORMING exercise Evaluate and rank the proposed activities in the form of a “Top 10 Attractions/Activities”
ACTION1 CONDUCT PRELIMINARY WORKSHOPS 2. Developing linkages with surrounding tourism attractions For instance, Misowalai is sold as part of the Lower Kinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary. Sabah
ACTION 1 CONDUCT PRELIMINARY WORKSHOPS 3. Organising workshop on involvement of different sections of community Fig. 3.4: Activities carried out by Kuku Yalanji Community Australia
ACTION 1 CONDUCT PRELIMINARY WORKSHOPS 4. Identify training needs Fig. 3.5: Suggested Advance TrainingModules 5. Developing and conducting advanced training modules
ACTION 2 STUDY TRIPAND “COMMUNITY TO COMMUNITY” TRAINING “Hands-on” experience of service skills, marketing strategies, interpretation and communication requirements as well as management skills Ideas for the reduction of site impacts Expose the difficulties of travelling and touring to participants
ACTION3 FORMULATION OF TRAINING MANUAL With the documentation of the training modules and instructions etc. in the manual, although the management committee and trainers may change in the future but the training structure and system will remain intact. Reference APEC: Handbook on COMMUNITY BASED TOURISM: “How to Develop and Sustain CBT” (2009) by: Amran Hamzah and Zainab Khalifah (UTM) ISBN 978-981-08-4665-7
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NGmTtz3FE8s
CAPACITY BUILDING & LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT Aklimima Awang CHAPTER 3 : COMMUNITY BASED TOURISM
Your Logo or Name Here Course Learning Outcome (CLO) CLO 1 Apply basic concept of Community Based Tourism (CBT) in the tourism industry planning development (C3,PLO 2) CLO 2 Organise resourcefully Community Based Tourism (CBT) development programme for the local community (P4 , PLO 5) CLO 3 Demonstrate suitable knowledge of leadership and responsibilities skills in Community Based Tourism (CBT) development effectively ( A3,PLO 6) 2 Upon completion of this course, students should be able to:-
3.1 Describe education and training needs of community 3.2 Explain the CBT leadership development planning CHAPTER 3 :
Your Logo or Name Here Education And Training Needs Of Community Video 4 3.1 Describe Education And Training Needs Of Community
Your Logo or Name Here CCB can be defined as “Activities, resources and support the strengthen the skills and abilities of people and community groups to take effective action and leading roles in the development of their community Community capacity building (CCB) Describe activity to enhance leadership skills, group problem solving, collaborative methods and substantive understanding of community assets, problems and opportunities among organized, participating community residents. 5 McNeely 1996 National Occupational Standards https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cgblAIiP1N4&list=PLr-YeZpLfzsUgyEVt7bhz-LiKDU2vYfan
Your Logo or Name Here Based on the video shown, what are the importance of education and training needs? ACTIVITY
Your Logo or Name Here CCB can be defined as “Activities, resources and support the strengthen the skills and abilities of people and community groups to take effective action and leading roles in the development of their community 3.2 Community Capacity Building (CCB) Describe activity to enhance leadership skills, group problem solving, collaborative methods and substantive understanding of community assets, problems and opportunities among organized, participating community residents. 7 McNeely 1996 National Occupational Standards
Your Logo or Name Here CCB is about supporting people in communities to develop the skills and knowledge that they need to enable them to work together to bring about the positive charge they want to see within their own communities.
Your Logo or Name Here RECAP SESSION
Your Logo or Name Here 10 Once a community decides to embrace tourism, educating and preparing the community are crucial.
Your Logo or Name Here 11 ✓ Bring together the entire community to discuss and identify the resources and activities within the village that would appeal to tourists. ✓ Give the opportunity for everyone to make suggestions
Your Logo or Name Here 12
Your Logo or Name Here 13
Your Logo or Name Here 14
Your Logo or Name Here 15 Determine how the village can be positioned and packaged as part on attraction tourism destination of corridor HOW ??? • Identify the surrounding resources •Carry out an inventory of surrounding resources (location/distance/uniqueness/physical and etc. •Develop corridors and packages Misowalai is sold as part of the Lower Kinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary” A particular village will not have the strength to stand on its own as a tourism destination
Your Logo or Name Here 16
Your Logo or Name Here 17 » Identify the types of contribution (e.g. services/ entrepreneurship and etc.) » Develop specific bureaus » Local youth, women, children, men » Guides, cultural performers, caterer, housekeeping, etc
Your Logo or Name Here 18 ✓ identify the gaps in their knowledge and skills.
Your Logo or Name Here 19 Capacity Building Modules At Ta Phin Village, Vietnam Capacity Building Modules Homestay and Product Development 5 weeks Food Safety 3 weeks Guiding 3 weeks Health, specifically HIV/AIDS Awareness 1 week Sanitation and Maintenance 1 week First Aid 1 week English 2 weeks Conservation 1 week
Red Dao Ethnic Minority Local Life
Your Logo or Name Here 21 ✓ More effective in exposing the community to real life situations than classroom learning.
Your Logo or Name Here 22
Your Logo or Name Here 23 STEP 3 : IDENTIFY AND ESTABLISH LEADERSHIP/ LOCAL CHAMPION • The success of CBT projects is essentially dependent on leadership and organization. • The continuity support from the community is the presence of a strong leader who commands respect. • The job title or designation of the leader is not important compared to his/her commitment, dedication and passion for the job. • The leader should be termed as the local champion. • Local champion must have many positive qualities but the most essential prerequisite is the ability to galvanize and transform the community. • A local champion breeds local champions.
Your Logo or Name Here 26 LOCAL CHAMPION • “Local Champion” that represent the leaders who are involved in Community-Based Tourism (CBT) -Hamzah and Khalifah (2009) • The local champion concept is one that has not been clearly defined in the literature especially in community engagement and participation. • The leader can be a government appointed project manager, a dedicated volunteer hired by an NGO or a self-appointed spokesperson for the community. • To be exact, the leader should be termed as the local champion, and many of the local community activities are driven by local champion. • Local Champion is proved as one of the driven factors that influence the performance Community Based Tourism and community development in rural tourism destination. • Initially, in the beginning process of set up the local community participation in tourism project, most of the common issues and problem facing are lacking tourism resources and limited capital to start with however, the ability of local champion to provide platform to facilitate can be powerful force for CBT
Your Logo or Name Here Your Logo or Name Here 26 LOCAL CHAMPION • The concept of local champion has been started in line with the development of Homestay Programme in Malaysia as Shariman Hamdan who a pensioner school teacher was, passionately initiate the Desa Murni Homestay in Pahang. • Through his networking with international relations, he managed to attract Japanese tourist to came to Pahang and experience the Malaysia Homestay Programme. • Having vast experienced managing and operating homestay programme, Shariman considered as a pioneer local champion in Malaysia who are drive forward the culture and quality experience of the local community to other level.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=21SO688fYSY Your Logo or Name Here
Your Logo or Name Here 27
Your Logo or Name Here 28