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COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION, NETWORKING & PARTNERSHIP Chapter 4 Aklimima Awang COMMUNITY BASED TOURISM
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOME (CLO) Upon completion of this course, students should be able to:- CLO 1 Apply basic concept of Community Based Tourism (CBT) in the tourism industry planning development ( C3, PLO 2) CLO 2 Organise resourcefully Community Based Tourism (CBT) development programme for the local community ( P4 , PLO 5) CLO 3 Demonstrate suitable knowledge of leadership and responsibilities skills in Community Based Tourism (CBT) development effectively ( A3 , PLO 6 )
COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION ✓The leader or local champion should attempt to establish a community organization that is capable of planning, operating and promoting CBT projects ✓Community organisation should include every section of the community especially the women and youths.
1. TOURISM PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE ▪ Having the passion for the job and the desire to serve are 2 important qualities hat the office bearers should possess. ▪ The professionalism and know how required to operate a successful tourism business were lacking but these shortcomings were often compensated by their drive and dedication ▪ The nature of the CBT business in the initial stages was small scale and hence, did not require great expertise. STAGE 1: Community Organisation Is Initial Phase Of CBT - Drawing Solely From The Talents Within The Local Community
▪ As CBT projects matured and become part of mainstream tourism the business dimensions and relationships with other stakeholders in the industry has also became more complex. ▪ Destination/village inevitably has attracted more diverse market segments, each with different needs. ▪ Volunteer based organisation was not able to cope with these changes which led to the reduction in the quality of the tourist experience, which in turn, resulted in a drastic drop in tourist arrivals STAGE 2 : Community Organisation As CBT Project Matures – Seeking Professional Help Without Sacrificing Community Structure 1. TOURISM PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE
2. IDENTIFY ROLES OF CBT ORGANISATION ▪ Creating specific bureaus for them. ▪ Designation of roles should be based on the talents available ▪ In most of the case studies, local youths are suited for the role of guides, boatmen and cultural performers. Meanwhile the local women are often entrusted to handle community feasts, housekeeping and the production of handicrafts. a) Empowering Women And Youths
2. IDENTIFY ROLES OF CBT ORGANISATION ▪ Once the system is in place, it should then provide the direction to guide the community in implementing CBT ▪ The locals should also be informed about the likely impact of tourism, how it will change their lives and the sacrifices that they would have to make ▪ The lack of common vision was the main contributing factor towards the intense jealousy felt by sections of the local community at Kaikoura ▪ Having formulated a common vision, the organisation should then set realistic targets, taking into consideration factors such as the community’s level of education, skills and training gaps b) Formulating A Common Vision But Realistic Targets
2. IDENTIFY ROLES OF CBT ORGANISATION ▪ Nurturing an anti handout mentality is an essential task for the organisation to undertake right from the beginning of the CBT project to ensure its sustainability ▪ Misowalai can proudly show tourists their Eco Camp which, although funded by a government agency, was totally built by the locals c) Nurturing An Anti Handout Mentality/ Anti Subsidy Attitude
2. IDENTIFY ROLES OF CBT ORGANISATION ▪ Manage the income and expenditure related to the CBT projects. ▪ Locals could also obtain micro credit at low interest to start small businesses ▪ Small percentage of any income derived from tourism projects and activities should be channeled to the community fund to be used for socio-economic development such as buying computers for the local youths and children d) Establishing A Community Fund
STEP 5 : DEVELOP PARTNERSHIPS • CBT would have reached the crossroads in which the next path is to build on its competitiveness. • Central to its efforts in enhancing competitiveness is the establishment of partnerships with key stakeholders
THE IMPORTANCE OF PARTNERSHIPS ❑Cohesive, shared objectives and vision, increasing the likelihood of successful delivery ❑Co-ordination of development and marketing budgets and activities ❑Improved communication and understanding, and mutual respect between local authority and industry ❑Improved resource efficiency
THE IMPORTANCE OF PARTNERSHIPS ❑Non-duplication of activities ❑Co-ordinated market intelligence, research and development activities ❑A collective "voice" for the industry, increasing power and influence ❑Engagement of industry and the community to deliver sustainable tourism objectives ❑Co-ordinated, targeted and cost-effective marketing/promotion
TYPES OF PARTNERSHIP i. Tourism Attraction / Tourism Industry ii. NGOs iii. Educational Institutions / Universities iv. Government Agencies
Partnership with international and local NGOs will increase the community’s capacity in undertaking conservation projects in which tourism is used as tool PARTNERSHIP WITH NONGOVERNMENT ORGANISATION For instance, the Canadian International Development Authority (CIDA) provides funding for the CBT project in Ta Phin, with the aim of preserving the unique but threatened culture of the Red Dao ethnic community
PARTNERSHIP WITH UNIVERSITY ✓Educate the local community about the appropriate framework to develop community based projects. ✓Equip them with the tools and approaches to improve the quality of the tourist experience. ✓ Universities will also bring with them research expertise to analyse changing tourist demand ✓ Trainers to conduct capacity building programmes
PARTNERSHIP WITH GOVERNMENT AGENCIES ✓Related government agencies should take a hands on approach by having field officers stationed on site to provide consultancy service to the local community ✓Monitoring the project
PARTNERSHIP WITH TOURISM INDUSTRY ✓Focuses on the marketing and promotion (appeal to specific market segment) ✓Establish network with specialist tour operators at the international level ✓Partnerships with tour operators and ground handlers that have established networks with specialist tour operators at the international level
STRATEGIES TO ESTABLISH PARTNERSHIP AND NETWORKING WITH CBT STAKEHOLDERS. To deliver and sustain the CBT venture over the longer-term, communities can develop partnerships and networks with relevant organizations to extend outreach, build resilience and create a supportive environment.
STRATEGIES TO ESTABLISH PARTNERSHIP AND NETWORKING WITH CBT STAKEHOLDERS 1. Building positive relationships between CBT management teams and other tourism stakeholders build a strong foundation for CBT. Identifying, developing and managing positive relationships provides a strong foundation for effective and sustainable CBT. 2. CBT in many contexts requires engagement with the private sector. Appropriate relationships between communities and the private sector can benefit community-managed initiatives.
STRATEGIES TO ESTABLISH PARTNERSHIP AND NETWORKING WITH CBT STAKEHOLDERS 3. Collaboration between communities and tourism authorities (including peak industry bodies) can provide benefits around branding and positioning the CBT operation within the wider tourism marketplace. 4. Regional community tourism hubs can be a great source of support CBT managers. These knowledge and networking centres can assist by providing information, facilitating learning and connecting communities with private operators and government agencies, and aid agencies
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CHAPTER 5 : Community Based Tourism By : Aklimima Awang
Upon completion of this course, students should be able to:- CLO 1 Apply basic concept of Community Based Tourism (CBT) in the tourism industry planning development ( C3, PLO 2) CLO 2 Organise resourcefully Community Based Tourism (CBT) development programme for the local community ( P4 , PLO 5) CLO 3 Demonstrate suitable knowledge of leadership and responsibilities skills in Community Based Tourism (CBT) development effectively (A3 , PLO 6 )
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Community-based Tourism Programme Planning And Design With Community Leader Plan & Design Quality Product
ADD A FOOTER STEP 7 : Principles Of Programme Planning & Design 1. Product Development 2. Destination / Leisure Management 3. Interpretation & Communication 4. Service Quality Education Authenticity Entertainment Enjoyment Memorable
ADD A FOOTER 1. Product Development 2. Destination / Leisure Management 3. Interpretation & Communication 4. Service Quality Education Authenticity Entertainment Enjoyment Memorable Principles Of Programme Planning & Design
❑Product development should focus on developing & showcasing the core products to differentiate the village/community from other tourism destinations. ❑The villages/communities should be developed as part of a nature based or cultural based tourism corridor ADD A FOOTER Principles Of Programme Planning & Design
ADD A FOOTER Principles Of Programme Planning & Design ❑ Destination/leisure management should include the provision of adequate tourist infrastructure and facilities, good interpretation and high level service quality with the aim of facilitating seamless and enjoyable travel.
❑ Ease of making enquiries, arranging for the service of guides, booking tours and forward reservations. ❑ Seamless travel with minimal delay at public transport terminals, check in/check out counter, pre booked excursions and tours, room service etc. ❑ High level of comfort and safety at public transport terminals, transportation vehicles, accommodation and other tourist facilities. ❑ High service quality offered at the front desk, housekeeping, room service and by tourist guides. ❑ Warm hospitality and “going the extra mile” attitude. Good destination management will ensure that the following conditions are created for the enjoyment and comfort of tourists:
ADD A FOOTER 1. Product Development 2. Destination / Leisure Management 3. Interpretation & Communication 4. Service Quality Education Authenticity Entertainment Enjoyment Memorable • The adoption of the best practice in destination management will help create a distinct product that offers high quality tourist experiences. The product should offer the following 5 EXPERIENCES Principles Of Programme Planning & Design
ADD A FOOTER The local pottery masters also perform interpretation for visitors Principles Of Programme Planning & Design
ADD A FOOTER Principles Of Programme Planning & Design
Classes Taught in Shui-Li Snake Klin Educational Centre ADD A FOOTER
ADD A FOOTER 14 “Shui-Li Snake Klin” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ipRrO9WvBZQ
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ADD A FOOTER Identify the authentic experiences can be offered in Malaysia rural tourism
ADD A FOOTER 1. Product Development 2. Destination / Leisure Management 3. Interpretation & Communication 4. Service Quality Education Authenticity Entertainment Enjoyment Memorable Principles Of Programme Planning & Design The product should offer the following 5 EXPERIENCES
ADD A FOOTER The Misowalai Homestay offers “hands-on” educational programmes for students and volunteers who are interested in contributing to sustainable conservation and socioeconomic development. The content of the edutourism programme are as follows: Principles Of Programme Planning & Design
Educational MISOWALAI HOMESTAY EDUTOURISM PROGRAMME ❑ Introductory forest safety skills and jungle survival course - covers aspects of local survival techniques and emergency procedures and teach the participants how to avoid any dangers in the rainforest ❑ Forest habitat restoration basic training course - equip students or volunteers with the skills and knowledge of how to deal with issues they may face and how to make the whole jungle experience comfortable and enjoyable ❑ Support the development of nature interpretation trails and building work within the ecotourism ventures, and some basic wildlife surveys ❑ Exchange knowledge and technology by giving the opportunity for students or volunteers to teach the local community IT skills and the English language whilst learning about the local culture. Principles Of Programme Planning & Design
Principles Of Programme Planning & Design
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ADD A FOOTER “Students exchange programme https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i6APzwkSLZU
ADD A FOOTER 1. Product Development 2. Destination / Leisure Management 3. Interpretation & Communication 4. Service Quality Education Authenticity Entertainment Enjoyment Memorable Principles Of Programme Planning & Design The product should offer the following 5 EXPERIENCES
SAUNG ANGKLUNG UDJO, Bandung, Indonesia “Bamboo Afternoon Performance” - A Highly Entertaining Experience! Principles Of Programme Planning & Design