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Let’s Review
1. Database refers to any collection of data, or information, that is specially organized
for rapid search and retrieval by a computer.
2. Each item of data or column in a database is called a field. Each row in a database is
called a record.
3. Microsoft Access is a database management system (DBMS) used to store and
manage data.
4. A field’s data type determines what kind of data it can store.
5. Every field in a table has properties and these properties define the field’s
characteristics and behaviour.
6. A field is a way of organizing information by type. Whereas, A record is one unit of
information.
7. Forms in Access are like display cases in stores that make it easier to view or get the
items that you want.
8. Reports offer a way to view, format, and summarize the information in your Microsoft
Access database.
My Word Bank
DBMS
Database Microsoft Access Forms
Information Column
Datatype Record
Design view
Row
Field
Cell Reports Datasheet view
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Important Design Tips
Simple
Do not overwhelm your design with text
and images
Colors
Make use of cohesive color palette
in your design.
Visual Hierarchy
Ensure that important elements in your
design stand out.
Typography
Avoid using too many font styles in your
design.
Dimensions
It is important to the dimensions of
your design.
Modular Designing
Important Design Tips
Simple Student Learning Outcomes
Do not overwhelm your design with text
and images After going through this chapter, students will be able to:
1. Familiarize with Edraw Max’s user interface
Colors 2. Use available templates to create designs and plans
3. Work with shapes, objects, connector lines and arcs.
Make use of cohesive color palette 4. Manipulate color, resize and change objects and connector lines
in your design. 5. Insert text on the design
6. Work with themes, styles and effects to make the design aesthetically appealing.
Visual Hierarchy 7. Ensure consistency in their design work by using rulers and grid lines.
8. Save and print the design work.
Ensure that important elements in your
design stand out. ISTE Student Standard Coverage
Typography
Empowered Innovative Creative
Avoid using too many font styles in your Learner Designer Communicator
design. 1a 1d 4a 4c 4d 6c 6d
Dimensions
It is important to the dimensions of
your design.
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5.1. Getting Started with EDraw Max
EDraw Max is an extremely powerful all-in-one diagramming
tool that can serve all of your purposes. Whether you need to
draw flowcharts, fishbone diagrams, UML diagrams or design
floor plans, office layouts, you can find what you want in
EDraw Max.
5.2. EDraw Max Interface
EDraw user interface is similar to Microsoft Program interface, which can minimize the
learning curve. EDraw user interface includes 7 major menus: File, Home, Insert, Page
Layout, View, Symbols and Help. These menus are introduced in detail with illustrations
below. A menu’s background turns white after selected. Clicking another menu turns off
the menu selected before.
Home
The Home tab has following options:
Quick access toolbar: commands here are always visible. Right click a ribbon command to
add it here.
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Libraries: gives access to a wide-range of assets. You can search different shapes for
Modular Designing
your design through the Search feature in the library section.
Page layout: allows to change page layout, change the page setup, theme and
background.
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Style: apply quick style and change fill, line style and change effect.
Drawing area: apply quick style and change fill, line style and change effect.
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Footer: consist of drawing area (the white area), page label, color bar (to change
Modular Designing
colours), zoom bar (to zoom in and out).
Insert Menu
1. Pages section: allows to insert a new blank page after the current active page.
2. Table section: allows to insert a table into the document.
3. Illustrations section: allows to insert a shape from predefined libraries, insert picture
from a file, insert the vector text into the document.
4. Objects section: allows to insert Microsoft office documents.
5. Links section: allows to insert link in a shape for quick access to another page of the
document, a webpage, file or folder.
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Page Layout Menu
1. Pages setup section: allows automatically to resize
the page, choose a paper size for the current
page, switch the pages between portrait and
landscape layouts, show/hide and customize the Checkpoint
ruler size and insert page numbers. EDraw Max is all-in-one
2. Themes section: allows to change overall style diagramming tool that
of the entire document, including colours, style allows to draw flowcharts,
and fonts. Change the colors, effects and fonts of fishbone diagrams, UML
diagrams or design floor
the current theme and set default theme for the plans, office layouts.
document.
3. Spell check section: check the spelling of the text. Pressing F7 can also start the spell
check.
View Menu
1. Start slideshow section: allows to start slideshow from either the first page or the
current page.
2. Document view section: allows to view the presentation in normal view.
3. Show/hide section: allows to show/hide rulers, gridlines and guidelines or page
buttons. Turn on/off the snap to grid/snap to object option.
4. Zoom section: allows to zoom the page so that the entire page fits into the window.
5. Panel section: show or hide the library panel.
6. Window section: allows to switch between different windows.
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Symbols Menu
Modular Designing
1. Symbols section: allows to create a blank new library, create a new library with all
images from a specified folder, close the current active library, save the current
active library or open a specific library through Load Library feature.
2. Drawing tools section: allows to select objects or text in the document. Draw path
or shape lines using Pencil, draw open and closed Bezier curves or straight lines
using the Pen tool. Draw straight line using Line tool. Draw arc lines using Arc tool.
Add, move, delete or convert anchors to edit paths. Draw spinal, oval, rectangle,
polygon, rounded rectangle or star shapes.
3. Symbol tools section: allows to save the selected shape as a new symbol. Insert
a text box using Text Tool. Press Ctrl and click the selected shapes to add a
connection point.
Help Menu
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1. Help section: allows to have access to Dynamic Help, access frequently asked
questions through FAQs, view video tutorials through Watch Video Tutorials.
2. Registration: allows to find updates through Check for Updates feature.
3. Contact: allows to navigate to EdrawSoft homepage through Home Page feature.
5.3. Creating and Arranging Diagrams
1. Open EDraw Max, and you will see the window of Available Templates. If you already
have opened EDraw Max, click File > New.
2. In the Available Templates list, click Basic Diagram and all of the templates and
examples in the Basic Diagram will appear in the central window.
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3. Double-click the template titled Highlight Shapes.
Modular Designing
4. When the Highlight Shapes library opens, most of the space is taken up with a blank
drawing page. (Sometimes, because it is important to line up the shapes when you
create a diagram, there will be gridlines on the page.)
5. Click any shape on the Highlight Shapes template, hold down the mouse button, and
drag the shape onto your drawing page.
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6. When you release the mouse button, the shape is surrounded by dashed green lines
with green squares called selection handles, and sometimes yellow diamonds called
control handles.
7. Repeat step 5 and 6 to add another shape to the page.
8. Connect the shapes together by using the connector tool.
5.4. Working with Document Themes
On the Page Layout tab, select a build-in theme. A document theme is a set of formatting
choices that include a set of theme colours, fonts, connector styles and effects. You can
set custom theme colours, fonts, connectors and effects based on the current theme.
Set Default Theme Colour
On the Page Layout tab, click Colours button.
From the drop-down colour list, choose a
colour scheme. To create a custom colour
scheme, click Create Theme Colours at the As new businesses start up commerce
becomes dependent on the Internet
bottom of the colour list. there will be a 13% increase demand for
graphic designers by 2020.
(Bureau of Labor Statisitcs)
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Modular Designing
Set Default Theme Font
On Page Layout tab, click Fonts button. From the drop-down colour list, choose a
theme font. To create a custom font style, click Create Theme Fonts at the bottom of the
font list. Choose your desired font type, style, size and effect in the pop-up dialogue box
and click OK.
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Set Default Shape Effect
On the Page Layout tab, click Effects button. From the effect panel, choose a theme effect.
Set Default Connector Style
1. On Page Layout tab, click Connectors button. From the drop-down colour list,
2. choose a connector style.
3. To create a custom connector style, click Create Theme Connectors at the bottom of
the list.
4. Set the line colour, dash type, line width, begin and end type from the pop-up dialogue
box.
5. Click OK.
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Modular Designing
Save a Current Theme
You can save all the settings you have made as a custom theme. On Page Layout tab,
open Theme Library. At the bottom of Theme library, click Save Current Theme.
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5.5. Align, Distribute and Group
1. Select the shape which you want to align with others, then press Ctrl and click the
shapes you want to align with. You can press Tab to switch the primary shape. In this
case, we would align first two rectangles with respect to the third one.
2. On Home tab, in Arrange group, click Align. Select the alignment option you want.
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Quick Tip
The align box is the minimal bounding box of the shapes. The Align
command may be ineffective for connector shapes. When shapes are
selected, the selection handles will appear. (put in tips box) Modular Designing
Distribute Shapes
1. Select three or more shapes.
2. On Home tab, in Arrange group, click Distribute.
3. Choose a distribution option.
4. For Vertical distribution, the boundaries are defined by the top and bottom shapes
in the selection.
5. For Horizontal distribution, the boundaries are defined by the leftmost and
rightmost shapes in the selection.
Group and Ungroup
1. To group shapes, select the shapes you want to group, go to Arrange group on Home
tab, point to Group, and then click Group (or press Ctrl + Shift + G).
2. To ungroup shapes, select the group, go to Arrange group on Home tab, point to
Group, and then click Ungroup (or press Ctrl +Shift +U).
5.6. Inserting Text in a Shape
1. On Home tab, click Text to choose Text
Block Adjust Tool and then click the shape
to select the text block. If the text is in a
group, click to select the group, and then
click to select the text block.
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2. To rotate the text block, drag the rotation handle in the text block. When the cursor is
over the rotation handle, it will become a round arrow.
3. To resize the text block, drag a selection handle until the text block is in the desired size.
To delete the text block, select it and press delete key on the keyboard.
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5.7. Inserting and Editing Backgrounds
Modular Designing
1. On Page Layout tab, click Background and then select Choose Background.
2. All the backgrounds appear in the Library Panel on the left.
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3. Select a background from the library panel and drag it on to the drawing area.
4. Alternatively, click on Library panel, select General, then click Backgrounds, and drag a
background shape onto your page.
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5. If you want to add only one colour to the background, switch to Page Layout tab
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and then click Background. Choose a colour for the page in the drop-down menu.
6. To remove the background, select Remove Background option.
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Editing a Background
1. You can edit the predefined backgrounds or the blank background. On View tab, click
Background View button.
2. Select the background elements that you want to edit. You can delete elements from
the background, change colour, move them around or resize them as per your design
requirements. The image on the left shows the original background. Whereas the
image on the right shows the edited background.
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3. To exit the edit mode, click Normal View on View tab.
Modular Designing
5.8. Working with Layers in EDraw Max
Layers help you deal with different groups of shapes. You can open the layer menu on the
right sidebar to modify layer settings.
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Inserting Layers
1. To create a new layer, click New button on the bottom. You can check the Lock option
to lock the contents of the layer. Check the Show option to show the content of the
layer and vice versa. The Active option shows the layer you are working on. The Print
option allows you to print the contents of a particular layer.
2. To insert object in a particular layer, make sure the layer is selected in the layers panel.
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5.9. Formatting Shapes
You can format shapes in your EDraw drawing by changing any or all of their
attributes, such as line weight and pattern, fill colour and pattern, and text formatting.
For example, you might use fill colour to make a drawing for a slide presentation
more effective, or you might use line patterns to represent specific types of Modular Designing
connections between shapes.
Formatting Shapes
You can format shapes in your EDraw drawing by changing any or all of their
attributes, such as line weight and pattern, fill colour and pattern, and text formatting.
For example, you might use fill colour to make a drawing for a slide presentation more
effective, or you might use line patterns to represent specific types of connections
between shapes.
Open Shape Formatting
A shape such as a line, arc, or zigzag. You can format an open shape with line patterns
and ends, such as by changing a solid line to a dashed line and adding an arrow to one
end. You can add line ends to open shapes, such as arcs or zigzag lines, but not to closed
shapes.
You can format lines by clicking Line button on Home tab or the Right Side Format toolbar
to select the options you want or use Line Colour onset lines’ colour and fills.
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The lines and arcs can be formatted in the following ways.
• Add colour.
• Add a fill mode.
• Change the line weight.
• Change the line cap. Checkpoint
• Add or remove line ends to turn any
line or other open shape into an A document theme is a set of
formatting choices that include a
arrow. set of theme colours, fonts,
• Add a shadow. connector styles and effects.
• Change the transparency of the line Layers help you deal with different
or of its shadow. groups of shapes.
• Format the shape’s text.
Closed Shape Formatting
A shape that is surrounded by a continuous outline, such as a rectangle or circle. You can
fill a closed shape with a colour or a pattern.
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Exploring Fill Options
• No fill
• Shape fill
• Gradient fill
• Single color gradient fill Modular Designing
• Pattern fill
• Picture and texture fill
No Fill
Solid Fill
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Gradient Fill
Single Colour Gradient Fill
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Pattern Fill
Modular Designing
Picture Fill
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Applying Shadows
You can apply outer, inner of perspective shadows to closed shapes.
Outer Shadow
Inner Shadow
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Perspective Shadow
Modular Designing
Formatting Multiple Shapes
You can format several shapes with one-time operation by doing one of the followings:
• Selecting multiple shapes at the same time.
• Selecting shapes in a group
In the example below, we have applied picture fill to the group of shapes.
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Style
You can apply predefined styles to the shapes. To do so, select Style option on the Home
tab.
1. Select the shape or shapes you want to format.
2. If the shapes are part of a group, select one or more shapes in the group.
3. On the Home tab, in Styles group, click Line, Fill or Shadow to open corresponding
options dialogue.
4. Select the formatting options you want.
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Duplicating the Shape Formatting
Modular Designing
1. Select the shape whose formatting you want to copy.
2. Click on the shape on which you want to apply the formatting
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5.10. Aligning Artwork
Rulers
Each drawing window has vertical and horizontal rulers that show measurements at the
scale of the drawing.
1. The intervals of the ruler correspond to the measurement unit you set in the Page
Setup dialogue box.
2. To access Page Setup dialog box, click on, Page Layout and select Page Setup.
3. From here you can either select Preset page size or Custom size
4. When you move shapes in a drawing, faint lines appear on the rulers to indicate the
position of the shapes.
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5. To change ruler measurement units, on the Page Layout tab, click Ruler & Grid
button. Under Measurement Units, click the units you want.
Modular Designing
Grid
The grid helps to position shape more precisely. You can show/hide the grid in the
document. Use the Grid option in the View menu. By default, the grid is not printed with
the document. If you want the grid to be printed, select printing grid line option in the Page
Setup dialogue.
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Show or Hide Grid or Rulers
On the View tab, check or uncheck rulers or gridlines to show or hide them.
5.11. Printing
Click the File menu button , and then click Print to set the print options.
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Paper Size
Modular Designing
Shown in the list are the paper sizes supported by the current printer as well as global
standard sizes. You can select same as printer paper size on the Page Size tab to make
changes to the paper size also apply to the drawing page size.
Drawing page: The page in a drawing window that contains a drawing. A page can
be either a foreground or a background page. Each page has a size, which usually
corresponds to a standard paper size, and it has a scale.
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Paper Orientation
Specifies the paper orientation as portrait or landscape.
Setup
Click More Print Setup… to open the Print Setup Checkpoint
dialogue box, where you can select printing
options such as the margins, centering, printer, Rulers are the vertical and
horizontal lines that show
and paper source. Check to see if a drawing page measurements at the scale of the
and the printer paper work together the way you drawing.
want. Changes you make to options on this tab The grid helps to position shape
more precisely.
apply to the current page only.
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Adjust To
Reduces or enlarges the drawing page to a specified percentage of actual size for
printing only. If the drawing page is larger than one paper size, the diagram will be
printed onto more papers. Modular Designing
Fit To (Sheets Across by Sheet Down)
Fits each drawing in the print job on the specified number of sheets across and
down. Depending on the number of pages and the margins you specify, the drawing
is enlarged or reduced. If the pages across and down are not proportional to the
drawing’s dimensions, only those sheets needed to maintain the drawing’s proportions
are used.
Preview
Lists any reduction or enlargement that you specify. Change this setting under Print zoom
(all pages). This option only affects your printout; your actual drawing size is unchanged.
Note that when you reduce or enlarge a scaled drawing, you cannot use the printout to
measure real-world objects accurately.
Print Preview
Click the File menu, and then click Print.
If you aren’t satisfied with the result, you can change the print options in the Print Setup
dialogue. Preview different page by clicking the arrows below the preview window.
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Let’s Review
1. EDraw Max is an extremely powerful all-in-one diagramming tool that can serve all of
your purposes.
2. Page layout allows to change page layout, change the page setup, theme and
background.
3. A document theme is a set of formatting choices that include a set of theme colours,
fonts, connector styles and effects.
4. To Group the objects press Ctrl + Shift + G. Similarly, to ungroup the objects, press Ctrl
+Shift +U.
5. Layers help you deal with different groups of shapes.
6. A shape such as a line, arc, or zigzag is called an open shape.
7. A shape that is surrounded by a continuous outline, such as a rectangle or circle is
called closed shape.
8. Rulers are vertical and horizontal lines that show measurements at the scale of the
drawing.
9. The grid helps to position shape more precisely.
My Word Bank!
Ruler Layers
EDraw Max Theme colour
Page layout
Document theme Theme font
Shape effect
Gradient fill
Pattern fill
Open shape Closed shape
Grid
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Benefits of Coding
Expert problem solvers!
Kids who code strategivallly breakdown
challenges and overcome problems
better
Logical thinkers!
Boost logical thinking and this contributes to more
progress in other subject tool
Unlimited creativity
Coding contributes to
creative thinking
Incredible focus
Children run how to concentrate and complete
project effectively
Let’s Program
Student Learning Outcomes
After going through this chapter, students will be able to:
1. Understand the purpose of the computer program.
2. Familiarize with the scratch program interface.
3. Add a new sprite.
4. Add a new background.
5. Edit an existing scratch program.
6. Insert and program multiple sprites in an animation.
7. Use the commands of Motion block.
8. Use the commands of Looks block.
9. Use the commands of Sound block.
10. Use the commands of Pen block.
11. Use the commands of Event block.
12. Use the commands of Control block.
13. Use multiple blocks to create an artwork or animation.
ISTE Student Standard Coverage
Empowered Computational Creative
Learner Thinker Communicator
1a 1d 5d 6d
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6.1. What is a Computer Program
A computer program is a series of instructions that tell a computer to perform an action.
Computer programs are a defined set of algorithms or processes that are completed in
order to achieve a task.
A program is created using a programming language, which allows a computer
programmer to write lines of code that the computer can understand.
Everything that a computer does is achieved using a program, whether that be browsing
the web with or processing a document using Microsoft Word.
6.2. What is Scratch
Scratch is a free visual programming language developed to help simplify the process
of creating and programming animations,
games, music, interactive stories and more.
With Scratch, you can program your own
interactive stories, games, and animations
and share your creations with others in the
online community.
Scratch is designed especially for ages 8 to
16 but is used by people of all ages. Millions
of people are creating Scratch projects in
a wide variety of settings, including homes,
schools, museums, libraries, and community
centres.
Scratch is a project of the Lifelong Kindergarten Group at the MIT Media Lab. It is provided
free of charge.
In Scratch, we write programs called Script. Each script controls an object called a Sprite.
The orange cat that you see when you start up Scratch is an example of a Sprite.
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6.3. Scratch Interface
In Scratch, we write programs called script. Each script controls an object called a sprite.
The orange cat that you see when you start up Scratch is an example of a sprite. Here is
an example of what a script looks like.
• The Stage is the background that our program runs on.
• The Sprite pane shows all of the sprites that are part of our program.
• The Block Palette contains the blocks that we can use to make our scripts. Each block
represents one instruction in our program.
We build our scripts by dragging blocks from the block palettes to the Script Area.
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File Menu
• New: creates a new project from a blank
template.
• Save: saves the current project in the directory
from which it came from. If the project is new Let’s Program
it opens a file browser, allowing you to save a
project as a new file, except when online.
• Save as a Copy: creates a copy of the current
project.
Edit Menu
• Undelete: brings back a sprite, costume,
sound, or script that was recently deleted.
• Small Stage Layout: makes the stage shrink to
a smaller size.
• Turbo Mode: sets the player into Turbo Mode,
where the code is executed very quickly.
Duplicate
The duplicate button (stamp icon) duplicates anything on the screen. It duplicates sprites
(in the sprites area or stage), costumes, costume selections, sounds, blocks, and scripts.
Delete
The delete button (scissors icon) deletes anything on the screen. It deletes sprites (in the
sprites area or stage), costumes, costume selections, sounds, blocks, and scripts.
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Enlarge Button
Clicking on a sprite in the stage, costume editor, or a selection in the costume editor will
make the sprite or selection grow bigger.
Shrink Button
Clicking on a sprite in the stage, costume editor, or a selection in the costume editor will
make the sprite or selection shrink.
? Help
The button opens the Tips Window. Clicking on a part of the editor or a block will give help
on that section.
All Tips
These are informational sections with
helpful tutorials and information about
the scratch website itself.
Sprite
Each object in our program is a sprite.
The default sprite is the orange cat,
but you can pick from a library of
different sprites. Let’s get rid of the
cat. Right-click on the cat and select
delete.
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6.4. Adding Sprite
1. To add a sprite, click one of the following buttons (refer to the image below)
Let’s Program
Choose sprite from library
Checkpoint
Paint your own sprite
Computer program is a series of
instructions that tell a computer to
Upload your own image or sprite perform an action.
Scratch is a free visual programming
language developed to help simplify the
process of creating and programming
animations,
Take a picture (from a webcam)
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2. To add a sprite from the sprite library, click then select any sprite of your choice.
6.5. Adding Background
To add background, click to choose a new backdrop from the library.
6.6. Script Area
To get our sprites to animate, move, or interact with one another on the stage, we need to
create one or more scripts for each sprite. If you click on a sprite from the list, the project
editor will show the existing stacks of blocks in the scripts area. To create a game, story, or
animation in Scratch, we stack blocks together to form a script that gives
instructions to the project sprites.
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The City School 2021-2022
In the middle of the project editor screen, we have categories of blocks that are
grouped by the kinds of tasks they represent.
They are Motion, Looks, Sound, Pen, Data, Events, Control, Sensing, Operators, and
More Blocks.
We mix the blocks together to form our artwork. Each type of block is colour coded
so that we can easily identify them by their type in our scripts. Let’s Program
Motion (Movement Block)
move 10 steps
Sprite is move by 10 steps in the current direction.
turn 15 degrees
Rotate the sprite to 15 degrees clockwise.
turn 15 degrees
Rotate the sprite to 15 degrees counter-clockwise.
go to x: 0 y: 0
Move the sprite with the specified X and Y coordinates using the centre of the sprite. Using
this block is equal to two blocks: Set X to and Set Y to simultaneously.
point in direction 90
Rotate the sprite in the specified direction.
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The City School 2021-2022
Looks Block
say hello! for 2 sec
Sprite will display the word “Hello!” Script execution will be suspended.
say hello!
Sprite displays the word “Hello!” without stopping the script. The phrase will constantly
accompany sprite until changed.
think hmm... for 2 sec
Sprite will display “Hmm…” Script execution will be suspended.
next costume
Sprite will change its current costume to the next costume.
Sounds Block
play sound meow
Play the sound meow chosen from the library of sounds, without stopping script execution.
stop all sounds
Silence! stop all sounds.
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