BIM MODELLING TECHNIQUES: PRACTICAL GUIDANCE FOR STUDENTS

BIM MODELLING TECHNIQUES: PRACTICAL
GUIDANCE FOR STUDENTS

ERNISUHANI MOHAMAD ZAMRI
KHAIRUL ANUAR ABDUL MANAP

AZIRAH ADNAN

Printed in Malaysia

BIM Modelling Techniques: Practical Guidance For Students

First Published 2022
eISBN

©All right reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, copied, stored
in any retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise; without prior permission in
writing from writers.
email : [email protected]

Published by: Ernisuhani Binti Mohamad Zamri @ Zam
Civil Engineering Department,
Politeknik Sultan Azlah Shah,
35950 Behrang,
Perak.

PREFACE

This book contains the basic introduction of Autodesk Revit by using a simple step by
step guidance to produce a building model using Autodesk Revit software. Autodesk Revit
software is one of the authorize BIM (Building Information Modelling) software that used by
the professionals in the architecture, engineering, and construction industry. Using BIM
software allows design and construction teams to work more efficiently, as well as managing
the data captured during the construction process until the operation. Nowadays, BIM
software has become a primary software in design and construction industry across the
world due to its advantages. Therefore, it is important to all professional and players in this
industry to learn about BIM software. Thus, this book is produced to help the beginners of
Autodesk Revit users to learn the software in a simple step.

The approach applied in this book are to guide the beginners of Autodesk Revit to
produce a simple project using basic step by step guidance from the first step until the end.
This book contains a guidance to build an architecture model, a structure model, and a
project quantification for a simple building project.

ERNISUHANI MOHAMAD ZAMRI
KHAIRUL ANUAR ABDUL MANAP

AZIRAH ADNAN

i

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Our deepest gratitude and sincere thanks go to our family and friends for their support
and help that encourage us from the beginning of writing this book to the end. Their advice
and continuous encouragement give a lot of motivation to us towards the completion of this
book. We are very grateful that we managed to complete this writing by going through a
challenging journey.

Our sincere appreciation also goes to all individual people, lecturers, students, and
polytechnic institution that had help us a lot directly or indirectly during the completion of this
book.

ERNISUHANI MOHAMAD ZAMRI
KHAIRUL ANUAR ABDUL MANAP

AZIRAH ADNAN

ii

BIM MODELLING TECHNIQUES:

PRACTICAL GUIDANCE
FOR STUDENTS

TABLE OF CONTENT PAGE
i
NO TITLE ii
1. PREFACE 1
2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
3. BIM AUTHORING TOOL 2 - 40

4. TOPIC 1: 41 - 76
BIM FOR ARCHITECTURE
77 – 93
5. TOPIC 2: 94
BIM FOR STRUCTURE

6. TOPIC 3:
BIM FOR PROJECT QUANTIFICATION

7. REFERENCES

BIM AUTHORING TOOLS

“Building Information Modelling (BIM) is the foundation of digital transformation in the
architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry. BIM is a process of creating
and managing information for a built asset throughout its lifecycle; from planning and

design to construction and operation.”

Source: www.autodesk.com

Autodesk Revit is one of the authorized Shapes, structures, and systems could
tools for BIM. Revit software helps be built in 3D with parametric
architecture, engineering and accuracy. Revit can streamline
construction teams to create high-
quality building and infrastructure. documentation work, with instant
revisions to plans, elevations,

schedules, and sections as projects
change.

1

BIM MODELLING TECHNIQUES:

PRACTICAL GUIDANCE
FOR STUDENTS

TOPIC 1

BIM FOR
ARCHITECTURE

REVIT 2022 USER INTERFACE 3
10
12
11
4
5

6

7

8
9

12 13

14
15

REVIT 2022 USER INTERFACE LIST:

1. FILE TAB 6. PROPERTIES PALETTE 11. RIBBON
2. QUICK ACCESS 7. PROJECT BROWSER 12. TABS ON THE RIBBON

TOOLBAR 8. STATUS BAR 13. A CONTEXTUAL TAB ON THE
3. INFO CENTER RIBBON, PROVIDING TOOLS
RELEVANT TO THE SELECTED
4. OPTION BAR 9. VIEW CONTROL BAR OBJECT OR CURRENT ACTION
5. TYPE SELECTOR 10. DRAWING AREA
14. TOOLS ON THE CURRENT TAB OF
THE RIBBON

15. PANELS ON THE RIBBON

2

OVERVIEW OF COMPLETED PROJECT

Floor Plan

Perspective View
*Perspective view may differ according to rendering setting

3

START A NEW PROJECT To create a new project:

1 1. Click New Project. ‘New Project’
dialog displayed on interface.

2. Click Browse. ‘Choose Template’
dialog displayed on interface.

2

3. Select ‘DefaultMetric.rte’ and
click Open.

4. ‘New Project’ dialog re-appear with
changes template file to
‘DefaultMetric.rte’’. Click Ok.

3

4

4

SAVE A PROJECT To save a new project:
1. Click File Tab, hover down the
1
cursor and click Save As and then
2 click Project.
2. ‘Save As’ dialog will display on
interface. Select the folder to save
the model at ‘Save In’ and rename
the model at ‘File Name’. Click
Option. ‘File Save Option’ dialog
will be appeared. Enter the value
‘3’ in ‘Maximum backups’ option
and click Ok. Finally, click Save to
save the file.

5

CONSTRUCT ELEVATION LINE To create elevation line:

2 1. On the ‘Project Browser’, under
1 ‘Elevation (Building Elevation)’,
double click on East.

2. The east view will be displayed on
the drawing area. By default,
Revit will generate two level. Level
1 at 0mm and Level 2 at 4000mm
as the default elevation.
For this model, only two level will
be used. Therefore, this model will
remain the default setting by Revit.

6

CONSTRUCT GRID LINE To create grid line:
1. On the ‘Project Browser’, under
2
1 ‘Floor Plan’, double click on Level
1.
3 2. The view appears as shown in
drawing area.
7 6 3. On ‘View Control Bar’, click
5 Reveal Hidden Element to show
Project Base Point and Survey.
Project Base 4. On the ‘Architecture Tab’ click
Point Grid.
5. Point the cursor at the ‘Project
Base Point’, then click and drag
mouse vertically to create a
vertical line and rename it as ‘A’.
6. Point the cursor at the ‘Project
4 Base Point’, then click and drag
mouse horizontally to create a
horizontal line and rename it as
‘1’.
7. To create another vertical line,
click line ‘A’. Use ‘Array’ to create
another line.

7

CONSTRUCT GRID LINE

9 10 8 To create grid line:
11
8. On the ‘Modify/Grid’ tab, click
12 Array.
13
9. Select Linear Array.

10. Unchecked Group and
Associate.

11. Enter the value ‘4’ in ‘Number’.

12. Point the cursor at line ‘A’, then
click and drag mouse horizontally
to the right.

13. The vertical grid line appears in
the drawing area.

14. By following step 7 to 13, create
the horizontal grid line by using
grid line ‘1’ as starting point. Enter
the value ‘5’ in ‘Number’.

15. The horizontal grid line appears in
the drawing area.

15
14

8

RE-ARRANGE GRID LINE To re-arrange grid line:

16 16. Edit the dimension length
according to the value given in
step 17.

17. Grid line appears in drawing area.

17

9

WALL MODELLING

A An overview of completed wall.
A. Completed Floor Plan

B. 3D view of completed wall

B

10

WALL MODELLING A

1 To create wall:
2
1. Click on the Architecture tab in the
3 Ribbon.

2. Click Wall tool, select Wall:
Architectural. The interface
changed into Figure B.

3. Click Edit Type. Type Properties
dialog appear as shown in Figure
C. Click Preview to expand the
dialog box.

B

4. Click Duplicate.

5. Rename as Brickwall 1 (10mm
plaster both side). Click Ok. Type
Properties appeared as Figure D.
Insert at Description: Brickwall
115mm w 10mm plaster both
side.

C

4

55

11

WALL MODELLING D To create wall:

6 6. Click Edit. Edit Assembly dialog
box appeared as shown in Figure E

7. Click Insert twice to insert 2 more
layers.

8. Click UP or DOWN to move up and
move down the new layer.

E

8
7

12

WALL MODELLING To create wall:

10 9. Change layer 1 to Finish 1 [4].
9
10. Click By Category to change
11 material.

12 11. In ‘Material Browser’ dialog box,
14 search material as Plaster.
Duplicate Gypsum Wall Board as
13 Plaster material does not exist.
15
12. Click Gypsum Wall Board.

13. Open drop-down menu. Select
Duplicate Selected Material.

14. The duplicated material will appear
in the name list as Gypsum Wall
Board (1). Rename it as Plaster
and select the material.

15. Click Ok to finish the editing.

13

WALL MODELLING To create wall:

16 16. ‘Plaster’ will appear in ‘Material’
17 column. Enter value 10 for
18 thickness.

19 17. Remain Structure [1] in layer 3.
Click By Category to change
material to Brick. Enter value 115
for thickness.

18. Change layer 5 to Finish 1 [4].
Click By Category to change
material to Plaster. Enter value 10
for thickness.

21 20
22
19. All new layer will appear in ‘Edit
Assembly’ dialog box.

20. Click Ok to finish the editing.
21. Type Properties dialog box will re-

appear.
22. Click Ok.

14

WALL MODELLING To create wall:

2 1. On Project Browser, under Floor
Plan double click on Level 1.
1
2. Click on Architecture tab, click
Wall.

3. On Option Bar, set up ‘Height’ to
‘Level 2’.

4. Set up ‘Location Line’ to ‘Wall
Centerline’.

5. Tick/Check ‘Chain’ box.

6. Remain Offset as 0.0.

3 45 6

15

WALL MODELLING To create wall:

7 7. Click on Type Selector, select
8 ‘Brickwall 1’ that had been set up
earlier.

8. Sketch the wall on the gridline by
clicking on the A/5 grid as the
starting point. Drag the mouse to
the right along the gridline to
continue sketching the wall
according to the task given.

16

CONSTRUCTING FLOOR

An overview of completed floor.
A A. Completed Floor

B. 3D view of floor

B

17

CONSTRUCTING FLOOR To create floor:

1 1. On the Architecture tab, click
Floor and select Architecture
2 Floor.
3
2. In Type Selector, select Floor
5 Generic 300mm.

3. Click Line tool in ‘Draw’ panel.

4. Sketch the floor using the Line tool
by click at A/5 grid as the starting
point. Sketch the floor according to
the area given. Make sure all the
boundary are in closed loop.

5. Click Finish Edit Mode once the
sketches are finished.

4

Area 5

Area 2 Area 1

Area 3 Area 4

18

CONSTRUCTING FLOOR To change floor type:

2 1. Select the floor in area 5 and
change Height Offset From Level

1 to -75mm.

2. Select all the floor that was
created earlier. Click Edit Type in
Properties Palette. Type
Properties appear as Figure A.

3. Click Duplicate. Name it as
‘200mm Concrete Slab with 30mm
Plaster and Ceramic Tile’. Click
Ok.

A

3

19

CONSTRUCTING FLOOR

4 To change floor type:
B
4. At Structure Parameters in the
Type Parameters, click Edit. Edit
Assembly appears as Figure B.

5. Click Insert to add 2 more layers.

6. Click UP or DOWN to move up or
down the added layer.

7. Set up the layer by following the
information in Figure C, including
materials and thickness.

8. Click Ok.

9. Click Ok on the Type Properties
dialog box once finish editing.

*To set up the layers, refer steps in wall
modelling.

5 6
7 C

8

20

CONSTRUCTING FLOOR To create apron:

1 1. On the Properties, on Type
Selector, select floor that was
2 created earlier and click Edit
4 Type. Type Properties dialog box
3 appears.

5 2. Click Duplicate.

3. Rename the duplicate floor as
‘130mm Concrete Slab w 30mm
plaster’.

4. Click Edit at Structure parameters.

5. Set up the layer using the given
information.

6. Click Ok.

7. Click Ok on the Type Properties
dialog box once finish editing.

6

21

CONSTRUCTING FLOOR

8 To create apron:
9
8. On the Option Bar, enter the value
10 1200 in Offset.

11 9. Enter -100 in Height Offset From
Level.

10. On the Draw panel click Pick Line
tool. *The floor will be created
using Pick Line tool.

11. Draw the floor by pick the grid line
as shown in Figure D. Use the
Trim/Extend to Corner tool to cut

D the unnecessary line.

12. Completed floor and apron shown
in Figure E.

E

22

CONSTRUCTING CEILING

An overview of completed ceiling
A A. Completed Ceiling

B. 3D view of ceiling

B

23

CONSTRUCTING CEILING To create ceiling:

1 1. On Project Browser, under Ceiling
Plan double click Level 1.

2. On the Architecture tab, click
Ceiling.

3. On the Type Selector, select
Compound Ceiling Plain.

4. Enter value 2700 at Height Offset
From Level.

5. On the Modify/Place Ceiling click
Automatic Ceiling.

2

3
4

5

24

CONSTRUCTING CEILING To create ceiling :

6 6. Sketch the ceiling using ‘Automatic
7 Ceiling’. Click at the area which is
similar as floor area.

7. Select ceiling which was created
earlier. Click Edit Type in
Properties Palette.

8. Drop down ceiling type in Type
Properties dialog box and select
600 x 1200mm Grid.

9. Click Ok.

8
9

25

CONSTRUCTING ROOF

A An overview of completed roof
A. Completed Roof

B. 3D view of roof

B

26

CONSTRUCTING ROOF To create roof:

1 1. On Project Browser, under Floor
Plan double click Level 2.
3
4 2. On the Architecture tab, click
Roof. Select Roof by Footprint.

3. On the Type Selector, select
Basic Roof Generic – 125mm.

2

4. Click Edit Type in Properties
Palette.

5. Click Duplicate in Type Properties
dialog box.

6. Name it as Generic – 125mm Roof
Tile. Click Ok.

7. Click Edit in Structure Parameters.

5
7
6

27

CONSTRUCTING ROOF To create roof :

8 8. Click By Category to change the
material.

9. Search roof tile and select it. Click
Ok.

10. Click Ok on Type Properties dialog
box.

9
10

28

CONSTRUCTING ROOF 11 To create roof :

12 11. On the Draw panel in
Modify/Create Roof Footprint tab,
14 select Pick Wall tool.

12. Enter the value 1200 in
Overhang.

13. Sketch roof by picking wall.

14. Click Finish Edit Mode once
finish sketching.

15. Completed roof displayed in
drawing area.

13

15

29

CONSTRUCTING ROOF To create fascia :

1 1. On the Architecture tab, click drop-
2 down menu on roof, click Fascia.

2. Click Edit Type in Properties
Palette.

3. Click Duplicate in Type Properties
dialog box.

4. Name it as ‘Fascia-Oak’. Click Ok.

3
4

30

CONSTRUCTING ROOF To create fascia :

5 A

5. Change the profile and material as
shown in Figure A and click Ok.

6. Create fascia at the edge of the
roof on 3D view.

6

31

CONSTRUCTING ROOF To create gutter :

1 1. On the Architecture tab, click drop-
2 down menu on roof, click Gutter.

2. Click Edit Type in Properties
Palette.

3. Click Duplicate in Type Properties
dialog box.

4. Name it as Gutter 2-Metal and
click Ok.

3
4

32

CONSTRUCTING ROOF To create gutter :

5 A

5. Change the profile and material as
shown in Figure A and click Ok.

6. Create gutter by click on fascia
exterior surface on 3D view.

6

33

CONSTRUCTING ROOF To create soffit :

1 1. On the Project Browser, double
click on Level 1.
2
3 2. On the Architecture tab, click drop-
down menu on roof, click Soffit.

3. Click Yes for Lowest Level
Notice dialog box.

4. Click Pick Line tool.

4

34

CONSTRUCTING ROOF To create soffit :

5 5. Enter the value 1200 in Offset.
7
6. Create soffit by click on the wall as
the boundary.

7. Click Finish Edit Mode once
finish editing.

8. Select Soffit which was created
and click Edit Type in Properties
Palette. Click Duplicate and name
it as Soffit 2. Click Ok.

6

8

35

CONSTRUCTING ROOF To create soffit :

9 9. Click Edit in Structure Parameter.
A Change the material and thickness as

shown in Figure A.

10. Click Ok.

11. Enter the value -700 in Height Offset
in Properties Palette to align soffit
with fascia base.

10
11

36

PLACING DOORS & WINDOW

An overview of completed door
and window

A A. Completed Door and
Window

B. 3D view of door and
window

B

37

PLACING DOORS & WINDOW

1 Before placing doors and windows,
load door and window family from
2 libraries.

To load family:

1. On Insert tab, click Load
Autodesk Family

2. Click Doors in Browse, select
External/Internal Doors and
load following item:
- Door_Assembly_Sgl
- Doors_ExtSgl_w – Side
Panel
- Door_ExtSgl_Flush
- Door_IntSgl_1

3. Click Windows in Browse and
load following item:
- Windows_Tpl_Variable_Cas
ement
- Windows_Louvre

3

38

PLACING DOORS & WINDOWS To place doors :

1 1. On the Architecture tab, click
Door. *Before insert Door and
2 window make sure double click
Level 1 on the Project Browser.

2. On the Type Selector in
Properties, select
Doors_ExtSgl_w-Side Panel.

3. Place door in floor plan.
*Press Space Bar to change
direction of the door.
Place all door according to the
task given.

3

39

PLACING DOORS & WINDOWS To place window :

1 1. On the Architecture tab, click
Window. *Before insert Door and
2 window make sure double click
Level 1 on the Project Browser.

2. On the Type Selector in
Properties, select
Window_Tpl_Variable_Casement.

3. Place window in floor plan.
*Press Space Bar to change
direction of the door.
Place all window according to the
task given.

3

40

BIM MODELLING TECHNIQUES:

PRACTICAL GUIDANCE
FOR STUDENTS

TOPIC 2

BIM FOR
STRUCTURE

OPENING PROJECT To create a new project:

1 1. Click New Project. ‘New Project’
dialog appear.

2. Click Browse. ‘Choose Template’
dialog appear.

3. Select ‘Structural Analysis
2 DefaultMetric.rte’.

4. Click Open.

3
4

41