51
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
13. The maximum amount of a solute that can be dissolved in a
given amount of solvent is its ____.
Your Answer: solubility
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
14. Water is sometimes referred to as the universal solvent because
____.
Your Answer: many substances can dissolve in it
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
15. A chemical reaction in which the energy released is primarily in
the form of HEAT is __________.
Your Answer: e xothermic
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
16. Numbers that precede symbols and formulas in a chemical
equation are called
Your Answer: c oefficients
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
52
17. According to the law of conservation of mass, if two atoms of
hydrogen are used as a reactant, how many atoms of hydrogen must
be part of the product?
Your Answer: 2
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
18. Physical or Chemical Change: Breaking a pencil
Your Answer: Physical
Incorrect
0 / 1 point(s)
19. Physical or Chemical Change: Boiling water
Your Answer: C hemical
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
20. Physical or Chemical Change: Rust forming on a bicycle
Your Answer: C hemical
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
21. Physical or Chemical Change: Silver Hydroxide + Sodium
Chloride --> Silver Chloride and Sodium Hydroxide
Your Answer: Chemical
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
53
22. Physical or Chemical Change: Blowing air into a balloon
Your Answer: Physical
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
23. Heterogeneous or Homogeneous: Salad
Your Answer: Heterogeneous
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
24. Heterogeneous or Homogeneous: Rocks and sand with iron
Your Answer: H eterogeneous
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
25. Heterogeneous or Homogeneous: salt water
Your Answer: H omogeneous
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
26. Heterogeneous or Homogeneous: Air
Your Answer: Homogeneous
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
27. Heterogeneous or Homogeneous: Sugar water
Your Answer: H omogeneous
54
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
28. Heterogeneous or Homogeneous: Potassium Chlorate dissolved
in Water
Your Answer: Homogeneous
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
29. Heterogeneous or Homogeneous: Chicken noodle soup
Your Answer: Heterogeneous
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
30. A solution contained 57 grams of sodium nitrate at 20 C. What is
the Solute in the solution?
Your Answer: s odium nitrate
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
31. A solution contained 120 grams of Potassium nitrate at 85 C.
What is the solvent?
Your Answer: water
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
32. A scientist wanted to find out if he/she could dissolve 110 grams
of Sodium nitrate at 80 C. Would his solution be Supersaturated,
saturated or unsaturated?
Your Answer: u nsaturated
55
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
33. A scientist wanted to find out if he/she could dissolve 110 grams
of Sodium nitrate at 80 C. How many grams would be added to make
this a saturated solution?
Your Answer: 3 3
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
34. Mr. Kotulski tried to make a solution with 90 grams of Potassium
nitrate at 40 C. Describe this solution:
Your Answer: S upersaturated
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
35. Mr. Kotulski tried to make a solution with 90 grams of Potassium
nitrate at 40 C. How many grams of Potassium (KNO3) could be
taken away?
Your Answer: 2 9
Incorrect
0 / 1 point(s)
36. Mr. Kotulski tried to make a solution with 90 grams of Potassium
nitrate (KNO3) at 40 C. What Temperature would Mr. Kotulski have to
heat the water to in order to make it dissolve?
Your Answer: 1 5
56
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
37. What is the Mass% of Oxygen in the following compound: NaNO3
Your Answer: 56
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
38. What is the Mass% of Oxygen in the following compound:
Lithium sulfate
Your Answer: 5 8
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
39. How much Heat Energy would be required to completely
evaporate 35 grams of Ice from its Melting Pt. completely to steam?
Your Answer: 2 5200
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
40. How much Heat Energy would be required to completely
evaporate 25 grams of Silver from its melting point?
Your Answer: 61260
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
41. What type of chemical reaction is shown in the following link:
Your Answer: S ingle Displacement
57
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
42. What type of chemical reaction is shown in the following link:
Your Answer: S ynthesis
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
43. What type of chemical reaction is shown in the following link:
Your Answer: D ouble Displacement
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
44. Analyze the following Data: What is the % of Large rocks in the
following mixture?
Your Answer: 52
Incorrect
0 / 1 point(s)
45. What is different about the 2 Pie Charts? (Mixture and
Compound)
Your Answer: Both always have the same % of materials
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
46. Analyze the following Solubility Graph: A mass of 80 g of KNO3
is dissolved in 100 g of water at 50 ºC. The solution is heated to 70ºC.
How many more grams of potassium nitrate must be added to make
the solution saturated?
Your Answer: 50 g
58
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
47. Analyze the Solubility Graph: What is the solubility of NaNO3 at
25°C?
Your Answer: 9 1 g
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
48. Which Phase of Matter would occupy the LEAST volume?
Your Answer: solid
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
49. Which Phase of Matter would occupy the GREATEST volume?
Your Answer: gas
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
50. Which of the following equations follows the Law of
Conservation of Mass?
Your Answer: D
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
51. What are the correct Coefficients for the following chemical
reaction?
Your Answer: 1 , 2, 1, 2
59
Incorrect
0 / 1 point(s)
52. What are the correct Coefficients for the following chemical
reaction?
Your Answer: S un Mar 03 2002 21:00:00 GMT-0800 (PST)
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
53. Use the Solubility Rules Chart to determine if CaSO4 is the
Soluble or Insoluble
Your Answer: Insoluble
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
54. Use the Solubility Rules Chart to determine if PbCO3 is Soluble
or Insoluble
Your Answer: I nsoluble
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
55. Use the Solubility Rules Chart to determine if Ag3PO4 is Soluble
or Insoluble
Your Answer: Insoluble
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
60
56. Use the Solubility Rules Chart to determine if Sodium Nitrate is
Soluble or Insoluble
Your Answer: Soluble
Incorrect
0 / 1 point(s)
57. The ability of some solids to change directly from a solid to a gas
is called ___________.
Your Answer: e vaporating
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
58. Name the following compound: Na2SO4
Your Answer: sodium sulfate
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
59. Name the following compound: CaCO3
Your Answer: calcium carbonate
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
60. Name the following compound: NH4NO3
Your Answer: ammonium nitrate
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
61. Name the following compound: Li3PO4
61
Your Answer: lithium phosphate
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
62. Write the formula for the following compound: Magnesium
hydroxide
Your Answer: M g(OH)2
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
63. Write the formula for the following compound: Calcium
phosphate
Your Answer: Ca3(PO4)2
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
64. Write the formula for the following compound: Ammonium
sulfate
Your Answer: ( NH4)2SO4
Incorrect
0 / 1 point(s)
65. Write the formula for the following compound: Lead (II) Nitrate
Your Answer: Pb(NO3)4
Incorrect
0 / 1 point(s)
62
66. A scientist wanted to find out the % of Oxygen from the reaction
between Lithium carbonate and Ammonium bromide. Predict the
products and balance the chemical reaction. Determine the % of
Oxygen by mass in the compound that contains Oxygen found in the
product. DO NOT WRITE THE % SYMBOL!
Your Answer: 28.3
Incorrect
0 / 1 point(s)
66. A second scientist wanted to find out the % of Oxygen from the
reaction between Magnesium sulfate and Sodium chloride. Predict
the products and balance the chemical reaction. Determine the % of
Oxygen by mass in the compound that contains Oxygen found in the
product. DO NOT WRITE THE % SYMBOL!
Your Answer: not sure
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
67. Symbol for Gold
Your Answer: Au
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
68. Symbol for Mercury
Your Answer: Hg
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
69. Name the following compound: (NH4)2CO3
63
Your Answer: Ammonium Carbonate
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
70. Write the Chemical Formula for: Potassium Carbonate
Your Answer: K 2CO3
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
71. Write the Chemical Formula for: Magnesium Phosphate
Your Answer: M g3(PO4)2
Incorrect
0 / 1 point(s)
72. Write the Chemical Formula for: Aluminum hydroxide
Your Answer: AlOH3
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
73. How many Oxygen atoms in the following compound: Mg(NO3)2
Your Answer: 6
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
74. How many Oxygen atoms in the following compound: Calcium
Phosphate Hint: (Don't forget to criss-cross!)
Your Answer: 8
64
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
75. How many Oxygen atoms in the following compound: Potassium
nitrate
Your Answer: 3
Atomic Compound Model
Directions: Construct a model of an ionic compound that has:
*See me before you choose your compound:
1. Correct ratio of atoms within the molecule
2. Protons and neutrons
3. Correct placement of electrons
4. Use of the compound
5. Can be displayed in classroom from the ceiling
6. Be prepared to discuss the Valence electrons and charges
You may use the following elements:
1. Lithium
2. Sodium
3. Potassium
4. Beryllium
5. Magnesium
6. Calcium
7. Boron
8. Aluminum
9. Nitrogen
10. Phosphorus
11. Oxygen
12. Sulfur
13. Fluorine
14. Chlorine
65
Activity: D etermine which fossil is older
Directions: Watch videos, take notes and construct the graphs below using
your spreadsheet.
Film:
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=radiometric+dating&&view=detail&mid=0913F60FB719
BC5912690913F60FB719BC591269&&FORM=VDRVRV
Film #2:
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=radiometric+dating&&view=detail&mid=33AAFAE1F005
C0E7E25833AAFAE1F005C0E7E258&&FORM=VDRVRV
Take notes:
Isotope #1 100
0 50
25
2300 12.5
4600 6.25
6900 3.125
9200 1.06
11,500 .5
13,800 .25
16,100 .125
18,400 0
20,700
23,000
66
Isotope #2 100
0 50
25
1500 12.5
3000 6.25
4500 3.125
6000 1.06
7500 .5
9000 .25
10,500 .125
12,000 0
13,500
15,000
Graphs:
Write an Essay that explains which fossil is older: (use your graphs)
Fossil A
18% of Fusarium remaining
Fossil B
35% of Montanosaurus remaining
UIZ: Isotopes
Name: Ben Wable Date: 2/6/18
Directions construct a graph that will help you determine the age of fossils.
Isotope A Percent Isotope
Years 100
0 50
5730 25
11,460
67
17,190 12.5
22,920 6.25
28,650 3.125
34,380 1.06
40,110 .5
45,840 .25
51,570 .125
57,300 0
Hint: Remember to add gridlines
Graph: (place graph here)
68
Questions: (Use your graph above to answer the questions below)
1. How old is the following fossil?
Fossil A - 73% of Isotope A remaining
About 3000 years
2. How old is the following fossil?
Fossil B - 15% of Isotope A remaining
About 16000 years
3. What percentage of Isotope A is remaining if the fossil is 1200 years old?
(Use your graph)
90%
Average Atomic Mass Calculations
1. Naturally occurring chlorine that is put in pools is 75.53 percent 35Cl (mass = 34.969
amu) and 24.47 percent 37Cl (mass = 36.966 amu). Calculate the average atomic mass
of chlorine.
0.7553 x 34.969
0.2447 x 36.966=9
26.4 +9 = 35.4 average atomic mass
69
2. Calculate the atomic mass of silicon. The three silicon isotopes have atomic masses and
relative abundances of 27.9769 amu (92.2297%), 28.9765 amu (4.6832%) and 29.9738
amu (3.0872%).
0.922297 x 27.9769= 25.8
0.046832 x 28.9765= 1.6
0.030872 x 29.9738= 0.9
25.8 + 1.6 +0.9= 2 8.3 average atomic mass
Writing:
Use one of the examples above to discuss how you determine the number of neutrons for each
isotope. You also need to discuss how the %abundance contributed to the Average Atomic
Mass of the element. (HINT: Think of the M&M Lab!)
In the Chlorine average atomic mass calculation, the number of neutrons from each isotope
helps determine the number of neutrons in the isotope. For example, the 35Cl average atomic
mass is greater than the 37Cl average atomic mass, that is why the average atomic mass
Is closer to 35Cl. In addition, the neutrons and protons are different for every element on the
periodic table. An example for that would be that the nucleus for Rubidium could be different
than another Rubidium isotope. This shows that the %abundance contributes to the average
atomic mass of the element because it changes the average depending on the percent.
However, in the M+M lab the number of small M+M’s was a much larger portion than the big
M+M’s so, the %abundance wasn’t affected greatly. In conclusion, the data in the Chlorine
average atomic mass equation shows how the amu affects the %abundance.
Directions: Work in a group to tell a story of a classmate in motion. You must include 3 turns
(change in direction) and 3 different velocities. Your story must also have an amount of time
where the classmate does not move. What did the person do when they stopped? Where were
they going?
Data Table:
Example: Velocity = Distance/Time
V = 12 m/3 sec
V = 4 m/sec.
Description Distance (m) Time (sec.) Velocity (m/s)
Sprint 5
Walk to Grace’s Number 10 2 1.2
11 9
Stop 0 5 70
Crawl to Julia’s locker 7 8
Stop 0 1 0
Drop 0 1 .87
Roll to Mrs. Carlucci’s room 5 7 0
0
.71
Graph: (X-axis is Time; y axis is Distance)
Story:
Once upon a Monday afternoon, It happened to be last period of the fabulous day when Grace
started to sprint furiously at high speeds of 5 meters per second at the top of the ramp because
she had great deal of ants in her pants. Thereupon, I peered at my good ol pal Lindsay who was
roaming slowly towards my locker. I stopped and exclaimed ¨Lindsay, why are you roaming
slowly toward my locker.¨ As she approached my locker at exact velocity of 1.22 meters per
second, she nonchalantly rotated her head at the sound of my booming voice. She stopped,
dead in her tracks, while in the background, Julia took a tumble over a stack of buttons. We all
survived as Julia processed in crawling to her locker in despair, at a urgency of 0.875 meters
per second. Then, on spur of moment, we spot super colossal flames beam from Maddie. She
began to panic with a immense feeling. Out of the blue, brought to mind what her moms
71
step-sisters uncles, neighbors, neighbors, boyfriends aunt, Judith said from the time she caught
on fire. Its to ¨STOP, TAKE A TUMBLE, AND ROLL TO THE NEAREST LANGUAGE ARTS
ROOM!¨ and that my friend, is what she did at a velocity at 0.71 meters per second.
The end.
Velocity Project 2018
Due: Wednesday night February 21,2018
1. Define the following terms and include pictures if possible:
Motion-the action or Speed-the rate at which Position-a place where
process of moving or someone or something is someone or something is
being moved. able to move or operate located or has been put.
Distance-an amount of Acceleration-increase in Terminal Velocity-the
space between two the rate or speed of constant speed that a
things or people. something. freely falling object
eventually reaches when
the resistance of the
medium through which it
is falling prevents further
acceleration.
Time-the indefinite Initial Velocity- a moving Displacement-the
continued progress of body at starting; removal of someone or
existence and events in especially, the velocity of something by someone
the past, present, and a projectile as it leaves or something else that
future regarded as a the mouth of a firearm takes their place.
whole. from which it is
discharged.
Velocity-the speed of Final Velocity-the Key Metric units
something in a given velocity at the final point system of measurement
direction of time in which the basic units
V=D/T are the meter, the
second, and the kilogram
2. What is the difference between Speed and Velocity? Explain using an example
in your own words.
Speed is the distance traveled by an object where as,velocity is distance traveled by an
object per unit time in a particular direction. Speed is a variable quantity where as
velocity is a vector quantity.
72
3. Pick 2 cities (minimum 500 miles apart) in the United States or world and
construct a data table and graph showing the amount of hours that it would take
to travel between the 2 cities with the following modes of transportation:
Detroit to Los Angeles
*Show Detailed Math Steps
A. Fastest Runner
T= D/V
T=2 ,281.2 miles/27 mph
T=84.49 hours
B. Model T Ford
T=D/V
T=2,281.2 miles/45 mph
T=50.69 hours
C. Hindenburg
T=D/V
T=2,281.2 miles/ 84 mph
T=27.16 hours
D. Tesla top speed
T=D/V
T=2 ,281.2 miles/200 mph
T=11.41 hours
E. Fastest train
T=D/V
T=2 ,281.2 miles/ 268 mph
T=8.51 hours
F. F35 Fighter Jet
T=D/V
T=2,281.2 miles/ 1,550 mph
T=1.47 hours
73
G. GoKart
T=D/V
T=2,281.2 miles/ 20 mph
T=114.06 hours
*Provide a map showing your cities
*Show Detailed Math Steps
4. What would like to see in this city when you arrive? What tourist attraction?
What restaurant would you like to visit in this city? Provide pictures
What is the basic history of this city?
In Los Angeles, I would like to go to Hollywood, Santa Monica Pier, and visit USC
and UCLA. The tourist attraction I would like to go to is Disneyland and
Hollywood Boulevard. When I visit LA I would like to visit and eat at In-and-Out
74
Burger because it is a famous burger place in California. Los Angeles was
founded in 1781 and it was a Spanish owned area. LA’s nickname is the “City of
Angels” and is known for the studios and television industry in the United States.
5. Determine and graph an 18% increase in Velocity for each vehicle - Show how
the Times would be affected by the increase in speed. Show a double bar graph
with the 2 different times for each vehicle.
*Include pictures and brief description of each mode of transportation
H. Fastest Runner
T= D/V
T=2 ,281.2 miles/27 mph (18%)
T=71.6 hours
I. Model T Ford
T=D/V
T=2,281.2 miles/ 45 mph (18%)
T=42.96 hours
J. Hindenburg
T=D/V
T=2 ,281.2 miles/ 84 mph (18%)
T=23.01 hours
K. Tesla top speed
T=D/V
T=2,281.2 miles/ 200 mph (18%)
T=9.67 hours
L. Fastest train
T=D/V
T=2,281.2 miles/268 mph (18%)
T=7.21 hours
M.F35 Fighter Jet
T=D/V
T=2,281.2 miles/ 1,550 mph (18%)
T=1.25 hours
75
6. Use a math calculation to show how long it would take the F 35 Fighter Jet to
get to
A. Sun
T=D/V
T=93,000,000 miles/1550 mph
T=6000 hours
B. Saturn
T=D/V
T=746,000,000 miles/1550 mph
T= 4 .8129032 × 105 hours
C. Neptune
T=D/V
T=2,900,000,000 miles/1550 mph
T=1 .87096774 × 106 hours
(Use scientific notation)
76
Unit 1: Uniform Motion Name:Ben Wable
Worksheet 8 Date2/23/18 Period S3
Speed and Velocity Problems
1. What is the average speed of a cheetah that sprints 100 m in 4 s? How about if it sprints
50 m in 2 s?
V= D/T
V= 100m/ 4s
V= 25m/s
2. If a car moves with an average speed of 60 km/hr for an hour, it will travel a distance of
60 km. How far will it travel if it continues this average rate for 4 hrs
D= V*T
D= 60 * 4
D= 240
3. A runner makes one lap around a 200 m track in a time of 25.0 s. What was the runner's
average speed? Answer: 8.0 m/s
V= D/T
V= 200m/ 25s
V= 8 m/s
4. Light and radio waves travel through a vacuum in a straight line at a speed of very nearly
3.00 × 108 m/s. How far is light year (the distance light travels in a year)? Answer: 9.50
× 101 5 m.
D= V*T
D= (3.00 * 108 m/s)(3.15 * 107)
D= 109204.2
5. A motorist travels 406 km during a 7.0 hr period. What was the average speed in km/hr
and m/s? Answers: 58 km/hr, 16 m/s.
D= V*T
D= 406 km* 7hr
D= 2842 km/ hr
6. A bullet is shot from a rifle with a speed of 720 m/s. What time is required for the bullet
to strike a target 3240 m away? Answer: 4.5 s.
T= D/V
T= 3240 m/ 720 m/s
T= 4.5 s
7. Light from the sun reaches the earth in 8.3 minutes. The speed of light is 3.0 × 108 m/s.
In kilometers, how far is the earth from the sun? Answer: 1.5 × 108 km.
D= V*T
D= (3.0 x 108 m/s)(8.3 m)
77
D= 2490,000,000 s
8. *An auto travels at a rate of 25 km/hr for 4 minutes, then at 50 km/hr for 8 minutes, and
finally at 20 km/hr for 2 minutes. Find the total distance covered in km and the average
speed for the complete trip in m/s. Answers: 9 km, 10.7 m/s.
D= 9km
Average- 10.7 m/s
9. *If you traveled one mile at a speed of 100 miles per hour and another mile at a speed of
1 mile per hour, your average speed would not be (100 mph + 1 mph)/2 or 50.5 mph.
What would be your average speed? (Hint: What is the total distance and total time?)
Answer: 1.98 mph.
V=D/T
V=200/101
V=1.98mph
10. *What is your average speed in each of these cases?
a. You run 100 m at a speed of 5.0 m/s and then you walk 100 m at a speed of 1.0
m/s.
b. You run for 100 s at a speed of 5.0 m/s and then you walk for 100 s at a speed of
1.0 m/s. Answers: 1.7 m/s, 3.0 m/s.
V=D/T V=D/T
V=5/3 V=600/200
V=1.7m/s V=3m/s
11. *A race car driver must average 200 km/hr for four laps to qualify for a race. Because of
engine trouble, the car averages only 170 km/hr over the first two laps. What average
speed must be maintained for the last two laps?
800= 170+170+x+x
x+x+340= 800
2x + 340 = 800
2x= 460
x = 230
12. *A car traveling 90 km/hr is 100 m behind a truck traveling 50 km/hr. How long will it
take the car to reach the truck?
T = D/V
T = 100m / 50 km/hr
T = 3.22 hours
13. The peregrine falcon is the world's fastest known bird and has been clocked diving
downward toward its prey at constant vertical velocity of 97.2 m/s. If the falcon dives
straight down from a height of 100. m, how much time does this give a rabbit below to
consider his next move as the falcon begins his descent?
78
T = D/V
T = 100m/97.2 m/s
T = 1.03 seconds
More Speed and Velocity Problems
14. Hans stands at the rim of the Grand Canyon and yodels down to the bottom. He hears his
yodel back from the canyon floor 5.20 s later. Assume that the speed of sound in air is
340.0 m/s. How deep is the canyon?
D = V*T
D = 340m/s / 5.2 s
D = 65.4 m deep
15. The horse racing record for a 1.50 mi. track is shared by two horses: Fiddle Isle, who ran
the race in 143 s on March 21, 1970, and John Henry, who ran the same distance in an
equal time on March 16, 1980. What were the horses' average speeds in:
a. mi/s?
V = D/T
V = 1.5 mi/143 s
V = .01 mi/s
b. mi/hr?
V = D/T
V = 1.5 mi/.04 hours
V = 37.5 mi/hr
16. For a long time it was the dream of many runners to break the "4-minute mile." Now
quite a few runners have achieved what once seemed an impossible goal. On July 2,
1988, Steve Cram of Great Britain ran a mile in 3.81 min. During this amazing run, what
was Steve Cram's average speed in:
a. mi/min?
b. mi/hr?
a. V=1mile/3.81min=0.26mile/min
b. V=1mile/3.81min*60min/hr=15.7mile/hr
17. It is now 10:29 a.m., but when the bell rings at 10:30 a.m. Suzette will be late for French
class for the third time this week. She must get from one side of the school to the other
by hurrying down three different hallways. She runs down the first hallway, a distance of
35.0 m, at a speed of 3.50 m/s. The second hallway is filled with students, and she covers
its 48.0 m length at an average speed of 1.20 m/s. The final hallway is empty, and
Suzette sprints its 60.0 m length at a speed of 5.00 m/s.
a. Does Suzette make it to class on time or does she get detention for being
late again?
79
b. Draw a distance vs. time graph of the situation. (Assume constant speeds
for each hallway.
a. T=(35m/3.5m/s)+(48m/1.2m/s)+(60m/5m/s)=62s. Suzerre is late again.
18. During an Apollo moon landing, reflecting panels were placed on the moon. This
allowed earth-based astronomers to shoot laser beams at the moon's surface to determine
its distance. The reflected laser beam was observed 2.52 s after the laser pulse was sent.
The speed of light is 3.0 × 108 m/s. What was the distance between the astronomers and
the moon?
D=2.52s*3.0 x 108 =7.56x108 m
19. For many years, the posted highway speed limit was 88.5 km/hr (55 mi/hr) but in recent
years some rural stretches of highway have increased their speed limit to 104.6 km/hr (65
mi/hr). In Maine, the distance from Portland to Bangor is 215 km. How much time can
be saved in making this trip at the new speed limit?
Travel at 88.5km/hr, T=215km/88.5km/hr=2.43hr
Travel at 104.6km/hr, T=215km/104.6km/hr=2.06hr
Time saved=2.43hr-2.06hr=0.37hr
20. The tortoise and the hare are in a road race to defend the honor of their breed. The
tortoise crawls the entire 1000. m distance at a speed of 0.2000 m/s while the rabbit runs
the first 200.0 m at 2.000 m/s The rabbit then stops to take a nap for 1.300 hr and
awakens to finish the last 800.0 m with an average speed of 3.000 m/s. Who wins the
race and by how much time?
80
Time for rabbit to travel
1000m=(200m/2m/s)+1.3hr+(800m/3m/s)=100s+(1.3*3600)s+266.7s=5046.7s
Time for tortoise to travel 1000m=1000m/0.2m/s=5000s
The tortoise win the race.
21. Two physics professors challenge each other to a 100. m race across the football field.
The loser will grade the winner's physics labs for one month. Dr. Rice runs the race in
10.40 s. Dr. De La Paz runs the first 25.0 m with an average speed of 10.0 m/s, the next
50.0 m with an average speed of 9.50 m/s, and the last 25.0 m with an average speed of
11.1 m/s. Who gets stuck grading physics labs for the next month?
Time for Dr De La Paz to run 100m=25m/10m/s+50m/9.5m/s+25m/11.1m/s=2.5s+5.3s+2.3s=10.1s
Time for Dr Rice to run 100m=10.4s
Dr Rice lost and will be grading physics lab for the next month.
Unit 1: Uniform Motion Name_______________________________
Worksheet 8 Date__________________Period________
Speed and Velocity Problems
1. What is the average speed of a cheetah that sprints 100 m in 4 s? How about if it sprints
50 m in 2 s?
2. If a car moves with an average speed of 60 km/hr for an hour, it will travel a distance of
60 km. How far will it travel if it continues this average rate for 4 hrs?
3. A runner makes one lap around a 200 m track in a time of 25.0 s. What was the runner's
average speed? Answer: 8.0 m/s
4. Light and radio waves travel through a vacuum in a straight line at a speed of very nearly
3.00 × 108 m/s. How far is light year (the distance light travels in a year)? Answer: 9.50
× 101 5 m.
5. A motorist travels 406 km during a 7.0 hr period. What was the average speed in km/hr
and m/s? Answers: 58 km/hr, 16 m/s.
6. A bullet is shot from a rifle with a speed of 720 m/s. What time is required for the bullet
to strike a target 3240 m away? Answer: 4.5 s.
81
7. Light from the sun reaches the earth in 8.3 minutes. The speed of light is 3.0 × 108 m/s.
In kilometers, how far is the earth from the sun? Answer: 1.5 × 108 km.
D = V*T
D = (3.0x108 m /s)(500 sec)
D = 1500.0x108 m = 1.5x101 1m = 1.5x108 km
8. *An auto travels at a rate of 25 km/hr for 4 minutes, then at 50 km/hr for 8 minutes, and
finally at 20 km/hr for 2 minutes. Find the total distance covered in km and the average
speed for the complete trip in m/s. Answers: 9 km, 10.7 m/s.
9. *If you traveled one mile at a speed of 100 miles per hour and another mile at a speed of
1 mile per hour, your average speed would not be (100 mph + 1 mph)/2 or 50.5 mph.
What would be your average speed? (Hint: What is the total distance and total time?)
Answer: 1.98 mph.
10. *What is your average speed in each of these cases?
a. You run 100 m at a speed of 5.0 m/s and then you walk 100 m at a speed of 1.0
m/s.
b. You run for 100 s at a speed of 5.0 m/s and then you walk for 100 s at a speed of
1.0 m/s. Answers: 1.7 m/s, 3.0 m/s.
11. *A race car driver must average 200 km/hr for four laps to qualify for a race. Because of
engine trouble, the car averages only 170 km/hr over the first two laps. What average
speed must be maintained for the last two laps?
12. *A car traveling 90 km/hr is 100 m behind a truck traveling 50 km/hr. How long will it
take the car to reach the truck?
13. The peregrine falcon is the world's fastest known bird and has been clocked diving
downward toward its prey at constant vertical velocity of 97.2 m/s. If the falcon dives
straight down from a height of 100. m, h ow much time d oes this give a rabbit below to
consider his next move as the falcon begins his descent?
T = D/V
T = 100m/97.2m/s
T = 1.02 seconds
More Speed and Velocity Problems
82
14. Hans stands at the rim of the Grand Canyon and yodels down to the bottom. He hears his
yodel back from the canyon floor 5.20 s later. Assume that the speed of sound in air is
340.0 m/s. How deep is the canyon?
D = V*T
D = 340 m/s * 2.6 sec
D = 884 m
15. The horse racing record for a 1.50 mi. track is shared by two horses: Fiddle Isle, who ran
the race in 143 s on March 21, 1970, and John Henry, who ran the same distance in an
equal time on March 16, 1980. What were the horses' average speeds in:
a. mi/s?
b. mi/hr?
16. For a long time it was the dream of many runners to break the "4-minute mile." Now
quite a few runners have achieved what once seemed an impossible goal. On July 2,
1988, Steve Cram of Great Britain ran a mile in 3.81 min. During this amazing run, what
was Steve Cram's average speed in:
a. mi/min?
b. mi/hr?
QUIZ: Motion
Name: Ben Wable Date: 3/1/18
Formulas:
A= v2 −v1 V2 = V1 + (a * T) T= V2−V1
T2 a
1. After traveling for 14.0 seconds, a bicyclist reaches a speed of 89 m/s. What is the runner’s
acceleration?
83
A= v2 −v1
T2
A= 89 m/s
14 seconds
A=6.36 m/s/s
2. A car starting from rest accelerates at a rate of 18.0 m/s/s. What is its final speed at the end of
5.0 seconds?
V2 = V1 + (a * T)
V2= 0 + (18 m/s/s * 5.0 s)
V2= 90 m/s
3. A cyclist accelerates at a rate of 16.0 m/s2. How long will it take the cyclist to reach a speed
of 49 m/s?
T= V2−V1
a
T= 49 m/s
16m/s2
T=3.06 sec
3. During an Apollo moon landing, reflecting panels were placed on the moon. This allowed
earth-based astronomers to shoot laser beams at the moon's surface to determine its distance.
The reflected laser beam was observed 4.6 seconds after the laser pulse was sent. The speed of
light is 3.0 × 108 m/s. What was the distance between the astronomers and the moon?
D= V*T
D= 3.0 x 108 m/s * 4.6 sec
D= 1.38 x 109 m /s
1.38 x 109 m/s
Directions: Choose 4 or 5
84
4. It is now 10:29 a.m., but when the bell rings at 10:30 a.m. Suzette will be late for French class
for the third time this week. She must get from one side of the school to the other by hurrying
down three different hallways. She runs down the first hallway, a distance of 65.0 m, at a
speed of 5.2 m/s. The second hallway is filled with students, and she covers its 32.0 m length
at an average speed of 1.46 m/s. The final hallway is empty, and Suzette sprints its 60.0 m
length at a speed of 7.3 m/s.
a. Does Suzette make it to class on time or does she get detention for being late again?
T=D/V
T=65 m/ 5.2 m/s
T=12.5 seconds
T=D/V
T=32.0 m/ 5.2 m/s
T= 6.15 seconds
T=D/V
T=60m /7.3 m/s
T=8.22 seconds
12.5 sec + 6.15 sec + 8.22 sec = 26.87 sec
Suzette made it to class on time.
5. The tortoise and the hare are in a road race to defend the honor of their breed. The tortoise
crawls the entire 1000. m distance at a speed of 0.35 m/s while the rabbit runs the first 200.0
m at 1.85 m/s The rabbit then stops to take a nap for 1.200 hr and awakens to finish the last
800.0 m with an average speed of 4.2 m/s. Who wins the race and by how much time?
6. What is the Acceleration of the Cart on the Ramp? Determine the Angle of the Ramp (A).
On one angle the cart's acceleration is 2 m/s, on the other it is 15 m/s.
Sine=Opposite/hypotenuse
Sine= 50/200 The angle of the ramp is 14o
Sine= 0.25
Angle Chart: https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B4RmhXJlHvo1YXZhcDNMSDNSMXc
Which Angle had the greatest Acceleration? Write a Conclusion based on your findings. Create
a
85
Graph if you have time.
Height of
Ramp Velocity Velocity
2 Acceleration
(Opposite) Dist. 1 Time 1 1 Dist. 2 Time 2
14o angle 5 sec. A= v2 −v1
50 m 2 sec. T2
20 m/s− 10m/s
A= 5 sec
100 m 10 sec. 10 m/s 100 m 20 m/s A= 2 m/s
50 m/s
30o a ngle A= v2 −v1
100 m T2
50 m/s − 20 m/s
Graph: A= 2 sed
100 m 5 sec. 20 m/s 100 m A= 15 m/s
Conclusion:
In the data table above, I found out the angle of both ramps and the first
ramp is faster because it has a lower angle. Also, I found out the acceleration
of both of the ramps by subtracting the 2nd velocity by the first velocity, the
dividing that by the final time. A= 20 m/s− 10m/s , this is the acceleration of the
5 sec
first angle. The time of the cart going down the ramp depends on the angle of
the ramp. Therefore, the first ramp has the better acceleration of 2 m/s , while
the 2nd ramp has an acceleration of 15 m/s. Overall, the 1st ramp is the faster
ramp.
EXTRA CREDIT:
Light from the another star in the galaxy reaches the earth in 46 minutes. The speed of light is
3.0 × 108 m/s. In k ilometers, how far is the earth from the star?
Answer must be in scientific notation
D=V*T
D= 3.0 x 108 m /s * 2760 secs
D=82800000000 meters
D=82800000 kilometers
8.28 x 107 kilometers
86
87
88
Object mass (kg) gravity (9.8 m/s2) H1 = 5 m GPE
1 -Rock 0.6 kg 9.8 m/s 5m 29.4
2- Beaker w/
Water 0.378 kg 9.8 m/s 5m 18.52
3-Trey of Pennies 0.1515 kg 9.8 m/s 5m 7.42
Object mass (kg) gravity (9.8 m/s2) H2 = 15 m GPE
1-Rock 0.6 kg 9.8 m/s 15 m 88.2
2- Beaker w/
Water 0.378 kg 9.8 m/s 15 m 55.57
3-Trey of Pennies 0.1515 kg 9.8 m/s 15 m 22.27
Object mass (kg) gravity (9.8 m/s2) H1 = 25 m GPE
1-Rock 0.6 kg 9.8 m/s 25 m 147
2- Beaker w/
Water 0.378 kg 9.8 m/s 25 m 92.61
3-Trey of Pennies 0.1515 kg 9.8 m/s 25 m 37.18
89
Potential Energy Project
Due: Friday 3/17
Define and make note cards or QUIZLET for the following words:
Energy Joules Chemical Potential Law of Conservation
Energy of Energy
Kinetic Energy Kilojoules
Elastic Potential Gravity
Energy
Potential Energy Gravitational
Potential Energy Mechanical Energy
Quizlet:https://quizlet.com/_4jqn8a
Resource: http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/energy/Lesson-1/Potential-Energy
Object mass (kg) gravity (9.8 m/s2) H1 = 5 m GPE
1 -Rock 0.6 kg 9.8 m/s 5m 29.4
2- Beaker w/
Water 0.378 kg 9.8 m/s 5m 18.52
3-Trey of Pennies 0.1515 kg 9.8 m/s 5m 7.42
Object mass (kg) gravity (9.8 m/s2) H2 = 15 m GPE
1-Rock 0.6 kg 9.8 m/s 15 m 88.2
2- Beaker w/
Water 0.378 kg 9.8 m/s 15 m 55.57
3-Trey of Pennies 0.1515 kg 9.8 m/s 15 m 22.27
Object mass (kg) gravity (9.8 m/s2) H1 = 25 m GPE
1-Rock 0.6 kg 9.8 m/s 25 m 147
2- Beaker w/
Water 0.378 kg 9.8 m/s 25 m 92.61
3-Trey of Pennies 0.1515 kg 9.8 m/s 25 m 37.18
Gravitational Potential Energy
Determine the Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE) of 3 different masses (g) at 3 different
90
heights.
3 objects: You, African Elephant, Chevy Camaro (research the masses)
*2.2 lbs = 1 kg
Data Table:
Your data table will need: Object, mass, gravity, height, GPE
Videos: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x5JeLiSBqQY
*Video shows you how to use the GPE equation.
Determine the GPE of one of the masses on the following planets:
Star Wars Planet #1 - 17% greater than Earth’s Gravity
Star Wars Planet #2 - 39% less than Earth’s Gravity
Star Wars Planet #3 - 82% greater than Earth’s Gravity
*Use the height of your favorite Roller Coaster. You will use this to figure out the
Velocity at the bottom of the hill on the Star Wars Planets.
Calculations:
Choose 3 planets from the Star Wars Universe and use 3 different
Examples:
A. Star Wars Planet #1
B. Star Wars Planet #2:
C. Star Wars Planet #3:
Data Table:
KE= 0.5 (6,350) = 3175 v2
10120464.9 = 3175 v2
3175 3175
√ 3187.548 = √ v2
91
56.46 m/s = v
Planet #1 mass (kg) gravity ? H1 = your coaster GPE
Object 6,350 kg 11.466
1 139 10120464
Planet #2 mass (kg) gravity H2 = your coaster GPE
Object
1
Planet #3 mass (kg) gravity H1 = your coaster GPE
Object
1
Use the formula: GPE = mass * acceleration due to gravity (Earth is 9.8 m/s2) * height of object
Graph:
X - axis: Planet
Y -axis: Potential Energy
1. What factors affect Gravitational Potential Energy?
Height, mass and gravity
2. Why did the GPE change on the other planets?
Because the gravity on the different planets was different than on Earth
3. Which planet would you be able to hit a golf ball further? Explain using data.
On star wars planet #3, you would be able to hit a golf ball further because the gravity is larger
than on Earth.
4. How does GPE relate to Chemical Potential Energy?
GPE and Chemical Potential Energy are related because they are both energy and both play a
role in the object you are dealing with.
5. How do Energy companies use GPE to generate Electrical Energy? Give an example
They use it in windmills, when the gravity pushes the wind, causing them to turn and create
energy that can be used in homes and factories.
6. What happens to the GPE when the object falls to the ground? Describe the Energy
transformations along the way. Use a diagram.
When an object falls, the gravity pushes it, the energy of the gets faster on the way down, then
stops when it hits the ground.
Worksheet 1:
http://glencoe.mheducation.com/sites/0078600510/student_view0/unit1/chapter4/math_practice_2.html
Worksheet 2: h ttp://go.hrw.com/resources/go_sc/ssp/HK1MSW65.PDF
92
*We will use our information to see how a roller coaster would be different on those planets.
FINAL PART - Roller Coaster Physics
Objective:
1. When energy is transformed, the total amount of energy stays constant (is conserved).
2. Work is done to lift an object, giving it gravitational potential energy (weight x height). The
gravitational potential energy of an object moving down a hill is transformed into kinetic
energy as it moves, reaching maximum kinetic energy at the bottom of the hill.
Determine the velocity of a full roller coaster of riders at the bottom of the largest hill. You can
use the following roller coasters:
Watch these Videos for help:
Use either:
GPEt op = KEbottom
QUIZ: GPE/KE
Ben Wable
Scenario: You are an engineer for a major engineering firm that will design the lift motor and
safety restraints for the next roller coaster on the planet Hoth in Star Wars. Hoth has a gravity
equal to 37% greater than Earth’s. The Star Wars Theme Park needs to provide you with the
velocity of the roller coaster on this planet to help you with your design. Your roller coaster will
be called the Millenium Falcon and will have a height of 125 m. Your roller coaster will “The
Falcon” will have a mass of 7000 kg. You will need to compare the needs for safety on Earth to
the needs on Hoth. Explain your reasoning for the changes on Hoth.
Hoth:
Directions: Provide a data table showing the comparisons between the Millenium Falcon Roller
Coaster on Earth and Hoth. Describe the types of restraints that you would need on the faster
coaster.
93
Calculations:
Earth Hoth
m x g x h = 0.5(m)v2 9.8 x 1.37 = 13. 426 m/s
m x g x h = 0.5(m)v2
(7000 kg)(9.8 m/s)(125 m) =0.5(7000 kg)v2 (7000 kg)(13.426m/s)(125 m)=0.5(7000kg)v2
8575000 (m/s2 ) = 3500 kg(v2 )
8575000 (m/s) 3500 kg
3500 kg = 3500 kg 11747750 (m/s2) = 3500 kg(v2 )
2450 J = v2 11747750 (m/s) = 3500 kg
3500 kg 3500 kg
√2450 = √v2
3356.5 J = v2
49.5 m/s = v √3356.5 = √v2
The velocity of the roller coaster on 4 5 7.94 m /s =v
Earth is 49.5 m/s.
The velocity of the roller coaster on Hoth
is 57.94 m/s.
Data Table:
Hoth Mass Height Gravity Velocity
Earth 7000 kg 125 m 13. 426 m/s 57.94 m/s
7000 kg 125m 9.8 m/s 49.5 m/s
Graph:
94
Conclusion:
In Conclusion, the planet Hoth had a larger velocity than Earth in the scenario.
Hoth has 37% greater mass than Earth, and because of this Hoth’s velocity is higher.
Hoth has a velocity of 13.426 m/s, while Earth has the normal gravity of 9.8 m/s. The
safety of “The Falcon” on Hoth will need to be serious and significant because the
velocity is higher of Hoth. As you can see in the graph the left side is Earth, and the right
is Hoth. From the graph, the bars for Hoth are much larger, therefore the velocity and
gravity is larger on Hoth. Overall, the faster, more fun, exciting ride is Hoth because of its
larger velocity of gravity.
95
Extra Problems:
1. The Millenium Falcon Roller Coaster has a mass of 3200 kg on Planet Tatooine.
The height of the roller coaster is 15 m which results in a Potential Energy of
800,000 J. What is the gravity on Planet Tatooine?
GPE=KE
Mxgxh
3200 kg (g) 15m
3,200 kg x 15 = 48,000
g= 800,000 J
48,000 kg/m
g= 16.67 m/s2
Scenario: S uppose you would like to bring a 175 N box up to a height of 29 m. You decide to
use an inclined plane because you just learned about them in science class. The ramp you
design has a distance of 48 m. You also measure the Force (N) needed to push the box up the
ramp which is 85 N. What is the Work Output, Work Input, Ideal Mechanical Advantage, Actual
Mechanical Advantage, and Efficiency of the machine?
A. Use “Drawing” to label a triangle (Inclined Plane)
96
B. Calculate the angle of the ramp.
Angle= O/H
Angle= 29m / 48m
Angle= 0.60417
Angle=370
C. Calculate the Ideal Mechanical Advantage (IMA)
IMA = Input distance (hypotenuse) / output distance (opposite)
IMA= 48 m/ 29 m
IMA= 1.66 m
D. Calculate the Actual Mechanical Advantage (AMA)
AMA = Output Force/Input Force (hypotenuse force)
AMA= 175 N / 85 N
AMA= 2.06 N
E. Calculate the Efficiency (%)
175 N x 29 m = 5,075 N/m 0ut
85 N x 48m = 4,080 N/m In
4,080/ 5,075
80. 39 %
Questions:
97
1. Is this machine possible? Explain using evidence from the problem.
2. How could you change the Input Force or Distance or to make it possible?
3. How would this problem be different on another planet?
Inclin Name:
ed ______
Plane ______
Data ______
Table ______
______
______
_
Output Output Output Input Input Input Efficie
Force (N) Dist. (m)
Trial Work (J) Force Dist. Work IMA AMA ncy
70
Angle = 12 840 4 300 1200 4.26 3 70
70
Angle = 12 840 6 200 1200 2.86 2 70
70
Angle = 12 840 8 100 800 1.43 1.5 105
IMA = Efficien
Input cy =
Distanc Work
e(Effort) output/
/Output work
Distanc input X
e 100
(Height)
Work =
AMA =
98
Output Force *
Force/In Distanc
put e
Force
(Effort)
QUIZ: Inclined Plane
QUIZ: Wednesday and Thursday
Directions: Analyze the Inclined Plane Data Table that is shared on
Classroom and determine which machine has the greatest Actual
Mechanical Advantage (AMA).
Problem Statement:
How does the angle of an inclined plane affect the Mechanical
Advantage? Is there a machine that is impossible? Explain using
data.
Hypothesis: (Use proper form!)
If the angle of the inclined plane is increased then you decrease your ability to push the
object up the ramp.
Diagrams of Inclined Planes: (Use DRAWING - Label Diagrams)
99
Angle Chart: https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B4RmhXJlHvo1YXZhcDNMSDNSMXc
Calculations ( Examples):
IMA 300/70= 4.29 m AMA 12/4 =3 Efficiency =70
IMA 100/70= 1.43 AMA 12/8=1.5 Efficiency= 105
Inclined Plane 1= 70/300= 0.2333 Angle is about 13o
Inclined Plane 2= 70/100 =0.7 Angle is about 45o
Data Table: ( Located on Google Classroom)
Trial Output Output Output Input Input Input
Force (N) Dist. (m) Work (J) Force Dist. Work IMA AMA Efficiency
Angle = 12 70 840 4 300 1200 4.26 3 70
Angle = 12 70 840 6 200 1200 2.86 2 70
Angle = 12 70 840 8 100 800 1.43 1.5 105
Graph: (Angle and Mechanical Advantage)
100
Conclusion:
Option #1 Write a Conclusion.
***Your conclusion must also address which machine would be impossible
and why?
The purpose of this experiment was to calculate to find the IMA, AMA, and
Efficiency. My hypothesis, If the angle of the inclined plane is increased then you
decrease your ability to push the object up the ramp stands correct because the
steeper the ramp gets the more force you need to push the object up. From the data
you can see that the higher the input distance goes up to more easier and possible
the inclined plane is to use. The input distance, 300 meters is a possible machine
because the angle of the machine is only 13o. Yes, there is a machine that is
impossible. A machine that is impossible violates the first or second law of
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